WO2006077218A1 - Dispositif de traitement de matieres plastiques issues du recyclage de dechets - Google Patents

Dispositif de traitement de matieres plastiques issues du recyclage de dechets Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006077218A1
WO2006077218A1 PCT/EP2006/050264 EP2006050264W WO2006077218A1 WO 2006077218 A1 WO2006077218 A1 WO 2006077218A1 EP 2006050264 W EP2006050264 W EP 2006050264W WO 2006077218 A1 WO2006077218 A1 WO 2006077218A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plastic mixture
plastic
extrusion unit
degassing
heterogeneous
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2006/050264
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Andrea Strizzolo
Matteo Strizzolo
Original Assignee
Andrea Strizzolo
Matteo Strizzolo
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Andrea Strizzolo, Matteo Strizzolo filed Critical Andrea Strizzolo
Publication of WO2006077218A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006077218A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/0026—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting
    • B29B17/0042—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting for shaping parts, e.g. multilayered parts with at least one layer containing regenerated plastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/12—Articles with an irregular circumference when viewed in cross-section, e.g. window profiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/04—Polymers of ethylene
    • B29K2023/06—PE, i.e. polyethylene
    • B29K2023/0608—PE, i.e. polyethylene characterised by its density
    • B29K2023/0633—LDPE, i.e. low density polyethylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/04—Polymers of ethylene
    • B29K2023/06—PE, i.e. polyethylene
    • B29K2023/0608—PE, i.e. polyethylene characterised by its density
    • B29K2023/065—HDPE, i.e. high density polyethylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/10—Polymers of propylene
    • B29K2023/12—PP, i.e. polypropylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/16—Fillers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a device for processing heterogeneous plastic materials arriving from waste recycling processes , both urban and industrial.
  • the device according to the present invention provides at least an extrusion unit to obtain, starting from a mass of heterogeneous plastic materials , possibly pre-processed, a heterogeneous plastic mixture having determinate mechanical and structural characteristics , for example to be injected into molds .
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Devices are known, for processing and recycling plastic materials arriving from the differentiated and/or non- differentiated collection of urban and industrial waste , which normally provide to extrude separate groups of homogeneous polymers , so as to make a plastic mixture suitable to be possibly injected into molds in order to make plastic articles .
  • Such known plants need to work homogeneous polymers separately, and therefore usually provide , upstream thereof , costly and complex treatments of selection, washing, centrifugal spinning, drying and transformation, in order to obtain, from the waste, the division of the individual plastics into groups of individual or homogeneous materials , in which the presence of impurities is limited to very small percentages .
  • the plastic mixture obtained must have a high quality, it must have known and controllable characteristics of sliding and fluidity, it must be homogeneous , without gaseous inclusions (unless foreseen) and inert materials , and must also generally be worked at high injection and molding pressure . These conditions entail an increase in the complexity and costs of the device, and make it impossible for the device to work material which is not particularly washed, selected and prepared.
  • Heterogeneous plastics for which it is not advantageous or possible to effect an effective separation, very often finish up in the waste dumps .
  • Some devices are also known for processing non-selected heterogeneous plastics , which have an extrusion unit which allows to insert the melted plastic from the extruder into the molds , in order to form the article directly in the molds , or through a die-plate to produce a profile .
  • the high extrusion sections entail very long cooling times , considerably reducing the productivity of the device.
  • the plastic mixture thus obtained is therefore very expensive and has no particular industrial applications since it is of little technical value compared with the same objects made with pure plastic materials , coming from recycled single material or of other materials .
  • One purpose of the present invention is to achieve a device that allows to use heterogeneous plastics to produce a heterogeneous plastic mixture having mechanical and structural characteristics comparable to those of a plastic mixture produced with pure raw materials .
  • Another purpose of the present invention is to achieve a processing device for heterogeneous plastic materials that allows the inert fractions or of polymers that are not compatible with the polyolefin base, to obtain an injectable melted plastic mixture , having characteristics of consistent amalgamation and able , thanks to its inert loads, to be compacted into suitable molds and give resistant quality to the products obtained.
  • a device for processing heterogeneous plastic materials arriving from the differentiated and/or non-differentiated collection of waste, in order to obtain a plastic mixture with determinate technical and/or structural characteristics , and comprises at least a mixing and plasticization unit in which at least an extrusion unit is provided into which the heterogeneous plastic materials are fed, and wherein they are transformed into the substantially melted heterogeneous plastic mixture .
  • the device also comprises degassing means , associated with the extrusion unit, which effects an action of strong degassing on the plastic mixture, at least before outlet from the extrusion unit.
  • the device according to the invention advantageously comprises introduction means able to inject in a controlled manner into the plastic mixture , when this is inside the extrusion unit, or when it is emerging from the extrusion unit, one or more inert gases, for example nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc . , and/or one or more additives such as for example glass fiber , rock wool , talc , calcium carbonate, mica, bakelite and/or other material such as metal oxide, solid expander, anti-oxidant , fluidizer and others , according to the technical and/or structural characteristics of the plastic mixture to be obtained.
  • introduction means able to inject in a controlled manner into the plastic mixture , when this is inside the extrusion unit, or when it is emerging from the extrusion unit, one or more inert gases, for example nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc .
  • one or more additives such as for example glass fiber , rock wool , talc , calcium carbonate, mica, bakelite and/or other material such as metal oxide, solid expander, anti-oxidant
  • the plastic materials entering the device according to the invention have determinate characteristics of size and percentage of plastic material inside them, so as to guarantee an optimum extrusion and degassing.
  • an injection unit downstream of the device an injection unit is provided with injection means that injects into a mold the melted plastic mixture , in order to make the article .
  • the device comprises a programmable command and control unit to coordinate the functioning cycle of the above units , in order to allow the selective management of the compositions of the heterogeneous plastic material according to the technical and/or structural characteristics of the article to be made, and also to control and regulate the speed of advance of the material, the temperature and pressure , the working times and all the other operative parameters .
  • the device according to the present invention it is thus possible to achieve a melted plastic mixture starting from heterogeneous plastic materials arriving from the differentiated and/or non-differentiated collection of urban and/or industrial waste , having substantially the same characteristics of quality, resistance and stability as a melted plastic mixture made with homogeneous plastics or pure plastics of various type .
  • the device according to the present invention also allows to use polyolefin-based heterogeneous plastic materials (with a main component of at least 55% polyolefin) as basic plastic material for the production of articles having quality characteristics analogous to those of articles made using homogeneous plastic materials such as PP (Polypropylene ) , HDPE, LDPE , or others .
  • polyolefin-based heterogeneous plastic materials with a main component of at least 55% polyolefin
  • - fig. 1 is a schematic plane view of a device for processing plastic materials according to the present invention.
  • a device 10 for processing heterogeneous plastic materials comprises substantially a forced feed screw 11 and a main extruder 12 fed by the forced feed screw 11 and from which the substantially melted heterogeneous plastic mixture emerges .
  • various types of additives are deliberately added in the forced feed screw 11 , such as for example colorants , deodorants , reinforcers , glass fiber, rock wool , talc , calcium carbonate, mica, bakelite and/or other materials such as metal oxide, solid expanders , antioxidant, fluidizer and others , in this case stored and fed from suitable containing silos 13 , provided at the side of the screw 11.
  • the purpose of the main extruder 12 is to amalgamate and plasticize the mass of heterogeneous plastic materials inserted together with the possible additives and/or materials loaded on each occasion. Moreover, one of the most important functions of the main extruder 12 , through particular devices applied, is to guarantee a complete degassing of the plastic mixture .
  • This gas is harmful for a good homogenization of the material, especially if it were accidentally transferred into the molds , impeding the flow of the plastic material , and producing partly incomplete articles or with possible breaking points .
  • the Applicant has found that the removal of the gas can advantageously be performed in the final part of the main extruder 12 , by means of suitable removal devices 14 , but, should the residual presence of gas be found in the plastic material , it cannot be excluded that downstream of the main extruder 12 another degassing device with positive displacement blowers 15 can be disposed, or other device with an analogous function, which allows to guarantee the complete removal of the gases from the extruded plastic material .
  • a gelling device may be provided, not shown, in order to pre-plasticize and pre-degas the mass of plastic materials , so as to optimize the strong degassing action effected in the main extruder 12.
  • a second extruder may be provided, also different from the main one 12 , and able to work in series or parallel with the latter, in order to increase the productivity of the device 10.
  • the extruded plastic material thus goes to form a completely degassed melted plastic , in which it is possible to insert in controlled manner, by means of suitable introduction nozzles 16 , inert gases having expanding functions , and thus allow the melted plastic to have greater mechanical resistance and lower weight .
  • the gases removed from the melted plastic during the various steps described so far are collected with hoods , of a known type and not shown, and conveyed to a common abatement plant. In this way the maximum respect for the safety conditions of the workers is guaranteed.
  • the melted plastic at outlet from the device 10 can be transported directly to an injection unit, of a substantially known type and not shown here .
  • the device 10 comprises a command and control unit 20 , which is of the programmable type and is suitable to condition the functioning of the components of the device 10 at least according to the technical and/or structural characteristics of the plastic mixture to be obtained.
  • the command and control unit 20 is suitable to condition in programmable manner a multiplicity of operations, such as for example : the control and regulation of the speed of feed of the material and the temperature of the plastic materials during the extrusion; the control and regulation of the degassing systems ; the control and regulation of the injection of inert gases ; the control and regulation of the additives and/or other materials to be inserted; the control and regulation of the other process parameters , such as for example the production data, alarms , frequency of maintenance, anomalies and other.
  • command and control unit 20 is suitable to control , even remotely, for example via radio waves , via cable or other, the correct functioning of the device 10 through sensors associated with every individual function of the components installed.
  • sensors control the temperature of the plastic material , the presence of gas , the controlled injection of inert gases , and other parameters .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (10) de traitement de matières plastiques hétérogènes issues de la collecte de déchets différenciée et/ou non différenciée, afin d'obtenir un mélange plastique présentant des caractéristiques techniques et/ou structurelles déterminées. Le dispositif (10) comprend une unité de mélange et de plastification, dans laquelle se trouve une unité d'extrusion (11, 12), dans laquelle les matières plastiques hétérogènes sont alimentées, et dans laquelle elles sont transformées en un mélange plastique hétérogène sensiblement fondu. Le dispositif (10) comprend également des éléments de dégazage (14, 15) associés à l'unité d'extrusion (11, 12) et qui effectuent une action de fort dégazage du mélange de plastique, au moins avant la sortie de l'unité d'extrusion (11, 12).
PCT/EP2006/050264 2005-01-19 2006-01-18 Dispositif de traitement de matieres plastiques issues du recyclage de dechets WO2006077218A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITUD2005A000003 2005-01-19
ITUD20050003 ITUD20050003A1 (it) 2005-01-19 2005-01-19 Dispositivo per il trattamento di materie plastiche provenienti dal riciclo di rifiuti

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006077218A1 true WO2006077218A1 (fr) 2006-07-27

Family

ID=36087727

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2006/050264 WO2006077218A1 (fr) 2005-01-19 2006-01-18 Dispositif de traitement de matieres plastiques issues du recyclage de dechets

Country Status (2)

Country Link
IT (1) ITUD20050003A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006077218A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1037547A (en) * 1961-02-23 1966-07-27 Basf Ag Process and apparatus for the continuous homogeneous incorporation into plastics melts of substances to be finely dispersed therein
EP0311520A1 (fr) * 1987-10-06 1989-04-12 Mc NEIL AKRON REPIQUET Procédé et machine pour la fabrication d'un produit fini par extrusion à partir d'une matière thermoplastique extrudable de nature hygroscopique
EP0316760A2 (fr) * 1987-11-17 1989-05-24 Belland Ag Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de matières thermoplastiques
US5232960A (en) * 1987-09-25 1993-08-03 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Process and plant for manufacturing heat-hardenable meltable mixtures such as reactive hot melt adhesives
US20030155063A1 (en) * 1994-12-27 2003-08-21 Susumu Ishiwatari Continuous manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus of thermoplastic polyester resin foam
US20040072920A1 (en) * 1998-11-26 2004-04-15 Frank Goedicke Method and device for the reprocessing of a thermoplastic polycondensate

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1037547A (en) * 1961-02-23 1966-07-27 Basf Ag Process and apparatus for the continuous homogeneous incorporation into plastics melts of substances to be finely dispersed therein
US5232960A (en) * 1987-09-25 1993-08-03 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Process and plant for manufacturing heat-hardenable meltable mixtures such as reactive hot melt adhesives
EP0311520A1 (fr) * 1987-10-06 1989-04-12 Mc NEIL AKRON REPIQUET Procédé et machine pour la fabrication d'un produit fini par extrusion à partir d'une matière thermoplastique extrudable de nature hygroscopique
EP0316760A2 (fr) * 1987-11-17 1989-05-24 Belland Ag Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de matières thermoplastiques
US20030155063A1 (en) * 1994-12-27 2003-08-21 Susumu Ishiwatari Continuous manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus of thermoplastic polyester resin foam
US20040072920A1 (en) * 1998-11-26 2004-04-15 Frank Goedicke Method and device for the reprocessing of a thermoplastic polycondensate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITUD20050003A1 (it) 2006-07-20

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