WO2006072648A1 - Procédé et configuration de traitement d’un câble aérien et câble aérien - Google Patents

Procédé et configuration de traitement d’un câble aérien et câble aérien Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006072648A1
WO2006072648A1 PCT/FI2005/000526 FI2005000526W WO2006072648A1 WO 2006072648 A1 WO2006072648 A1 WO 2006072648A1 FI 2005000526 W FI2005000526 W FI 2005000526W WO 2006072648 A1 WO2006072648 A1 WO 2006072648A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
overhead cable
film
power transfer
overhead
cable
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2005/000526
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Lasse Makkonen
Original Assignee
Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus filed Critical Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus
Publication of WO2006072648A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006072648A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G7/00—Overhead installations of electric lines or cables
    • H02G7/16—Devices for removing snow or ice from lines or cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G7/00—Overhead installations of electric lines or cables

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method as defined in the preamble of claim 1 and to an arrangement as defined in the preamble of claim 7 for treating an overhead cable in a power transfer network, especially a bare overhead cable, which is intended for high voltages and high-power transfer.
  • the invention also relates to an overhead cable, especially to a bare overhead cable for a power transfer system as defined in the preamble of claim 11.
  • Power networks are divided into transfer networks and distribution networks according to the voltage level used in the network.
  • cables having a voltage of 400, 220 and 110 kV pertain to transfer networks.
  • These cables and power stations form a national main grid covering the total area of the country and interconnecting power stations.
  • the main grid is associated with the power networks of the neighbouring countries.
  • the main grid is used for power transfer from production stations to consumption areas.
  • Regional networks owned by different electric companies operate between the main grid and the distribution net- work.
  • the target power transfer for a power network is above 95% efficiency. This means that losses in power transfer and distribution should be maintained at a minimum.
  • the power transferred over the cable is proportional to the alternating voltage and current.
  • the effective power losses are proportional to the square of the current. Consequently, high voltages are adopted in the transfer of high powers.
  • corona losses imply current losses caused by uncontrolled and occasional electric discharges, i.e. corona discharges in bare overhead cables.
  • the prevailing weather conditions are a significant cause of corona discharges.
  • Fog, rainfall and/or rapidly cooling weather result in changed environmental conditions in the immediate vicinity of the overhead cable, frequently providing favourable conditions for the occurrence of corona discharges.
  • the economical losses caused by corona discharges in Finland amount to some 2 million euros yearly.
  • US patent specification 3930113 discloses a high-voltage overhead cable formed of a plurality of partial conductors, each of which is equipped with a porous absorptive and electrically conductive outer layer intended to reduce corona discharges.
  • the outer layer has most advantageously been provided by forming grooves in the cable surface. This design serves to absorb and store water derived from fog or rain on the cable surface and to transfer the water to an appropriate discharge location. This prevents moisture condensation and the formation of a water film and/or water droplets on the cable surface by allowing moisture to penetrate into the conductor proper, thus reducing the probability of corona discharges in humid weather conditions.
  • US patent specification 4463219 also discloses a high-voltage overhead cable, especially an overhead cable braided from aluminium conductors around a steel rope, with a hydrophilic coating provided on its outer surface.
  • the surface of the conductors has also most advantageously been roughened or fluted.
  • the coating and the roughening have the purpose of preventing the generation of corona discharges and particularly of reducing the noise caused by corona discharges.
  • US patent specification 4383133 discloses a high-voltage overhead cable comprising one conductor or a plurality of joined conductors and a sheath surrounding the conductor/conductors.
  • the sheath is principally made of electrically insulating plastic material, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or polyethylene.
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • the sheath has been made partly electrically conductive by additions of 5-40% by weight of conductive material, such as carbon black, to the insulating material.
  • the sheath has been made hydrophobic by adding a small amount, i.e. 1-10% by weight of a hydrorepellent material, such as methyltriethoxysilan. Noise caused by rain or corona discharges generated by high air humidity are attenuated by means of a hydrorepellent material added to the sheath, unlike a conventional overhead cable to which such material has not been added.
  • the US patent specification mentioned above has disclosed a coated overhead cable.
  • coated overhead cables up to a voltage level of 20 kV is known per se and such cables are commercially available.
  • the sheath has been made of an insulating plastic material, such as e.g. weather-proof polyethylene (PEX).
  • PEX polyethylene
  • transfer networks use uncoated overhead cables, as noted above.
  • the invention has the object of eliminating the inconveniences relating to the overhead cables described above.
  • the invention has the purpose of providing a new method and arrangement for reducing especially corona discharges in overhead cables for power transfer networks, in particular bare overhead cables in- tended for high alternating voltages and high-power transfer.
  • the invention has the additional purpose of providing a new overhead cable for power transfer networks.
  • the method of the invention for treating an overhead cable in a power transfer network, especially a bare overhead cable, which is intended for high voltages and high-power transfer, is characterised by the features defined in claim 1.
  • the arrangement of the invention for treating an overhead cable in a power transfer network, especially a bare overhead cable, which is intended for high voltages and high-power transfer, is characterised by the features defined in claim 7.
  • the overhead cable of the invention for power transfer systems is characterised by the features defined in claim 11.
  • the dependent claims describe preferred embodiments of the invention.
  • the overhead cable is coated with a hydrophobic film.
  • film denotes a very thin material layer.
  • the inventive idea resides in preventing especially hoar frost formation on the surface of the overhead cable by means of a suitable film that reduces surface energy, especially a hydrophobic film, but also adhesion of water and snow to the surface of the overhead cable.
  • the invention has the advantage of preventing the development of conditions favouring corona discharges on the surface of the overhead cable.
  • a hydrophobic film is formed on overhead cables that have been previously installed.
  • the film is preferably formed by spraying film material from an aircraft, for instance.
  • This embodiment has the advantage of allowing existing overhead cables in a power transfer system, especially bare i.e. uncoated overhead cables, to be protected against corona discharges and any inconveniences caused by these. It also has the advantage of allowing treatment of the overhead cables in an energised state. This means that power transfer over the overhead cables needs not to be interrupted for the duration of the treatments.
  • the hydrophobic film is provided with a maximum thickness of 5 ⁇ m, most advantageously in the range 5 nm - 5 ⁇ m.
  • the minimum film thickness is of the order of a few molecules.
  • the film has the specific purpose of modifying the surface properties, especially of reducing surface energy, and then a very thin layer of suitable material will suffice.
  • a hydrophobic film is formed from a plastic raw material.
  • the film is most advantageously formed of a suitable polymer, especially polymer wax.
  • This has the advantage of the ease of handling plastic raw materials and of easy application especially by atomising onto the surface of an overhead cable for power transfer networks, especially that of a bare overhead cable, using simple means.
  • the arrangement of the invention for treating an overhead cable in a power transfer network, especially a bare overhead cable, which is intended for high voltages and high-power transfer, is characterised by comprising coating means for coating the overhead cable with a hydrophobic film.
  • the coating means are disposed as a movable coating apparatus.
  • a movable coating apparatus has the advantage of allowing a hydrophobic film to be formed on previously installed and energised overhead cables.
  • a movable coating apparatus can be installed e.g. in a helicopter or any other aircraft, from which film material can be applied directly onto the overhead cable from above.
  • the coating apparatus comprises a container for the film material, which most advantageously is in liquid form, and a spraying device including a pump or a similar actuator and a nozzle device, by means of which the film is formed by spraying film material onto the overhead cable.
  • a separate container can be dimensioned with a relatively large volume, allowing a long section of high-voltage cable on the ground to be coated over one single period of film material coating, such as a flight or the like.
  • the spraying device may also comprise a plurality of nozzles mounted at least almost at the same interval as two or more aligned high-voltage cables, so that a plurality of cables can be treated simultaneously.
  • the overhead cable in a power transfer network of the invention is characterised by the overhead cable being coated with a hydrophobic film.
  • the invention yields the advantage of the film serving to prevent especially hoar frost formation on the surface of the overhead cable.
  • the invention has the special advantage of the hydrophobic film serving to prevent the development of conditions favouring corona discharges on the surface of the overhead cable when the air temperature drops below zero, in other words, it prevents the occurrence of corona discharges as a whole.
  • the film has a maximum thickness of 5 ⁇ m, most advan- tageously in the range 5 nm - 5 ⁇ m.
  • This embodiment has the advantage of relatively low film material expenditure.
  • the film has limited serviceable life.
  • the film is made of plastic, preferably polymer wax.
  • the invention also provides the advantage that the film applied onto the overhead cable does not notably increase the weight of the cable and that the manufacturing cost of the overhead cable does not increase significantly compared to a conventional uncoated overhead cable.
  • the overhead cable of the invention is not equipped with a protective and insulating plastic sheath, which would clearly increase both the weight and the manufacturing cost of the cable.
  • the film serves to reduce the surface energy of the cable, and it is not as such intended to protect the cable against mechanical stresses and/or to form an electrically insulating coating on the cable.
  • the invention is based on the idea of reducing the surface energy of a high-voltage cable by means of a thin hydrophobic film, as stated above.
  • a film having a thickness of a few molecules is sufficient for reducing the surface energy.
  • the surface of a bare overhead cable treated with the method and the arrangement of the invention will be exposed especially to hoar frost formation less frequently than the surface of a conventional uncoated cable, and then the number of corona discharges and consequently also of corona looses decreases.
  • a hydrophobic film will prevent hoar frost formation and also water adhesion to the surface of a bare overhead cable under conditions in which these processes would be very likely to occur without the film.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an overhead cable in a power transfer network, especially a bare overhead cable intended for high voltages and high- power transfer and equipped with a thin hydrophobic film,
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of a coating means included in the arrangement of the invention, especially a coating apparatus.
  • Figure 1 illustrates an overhead cable in a power transfer network, in this case a bare i.e. uncoated overhead cable.
  • the overhead cable 1 comprises an actual cable braided with suitable electric conductors 12 around a steel rope 11 or a similar cable core.
  • the overhead cable 1 is intended for high voltages, such as 400, 220 and 110 kV and for high-power transfer.
  • the overhead cable 1 is equipped with a thin hydrophobic film 2.
  • the film 2 has a thickness of e.g. 1 ⁇ m, but most advantageously in the range 5 nm - 5 ⁇ m.
  • the film thickness depends e.g. on the film material used; the more finely divided the material, the thinner the produced film.
  • a relatively thick film will have longer serviceable life on the cable surface than does a thin film.
  • the film thickness as such is not essential for the invention, but the hydrophobic properties of the film, which achieve a decrease of the surface energy of the overhead cable.
  • the film 2 is made of a plastic raw material, but it can also be made of any other material or material mixture on the condition of having good hydrophobic properties.
  • plastic materials comprise polymer waxes, for instance.
  • Other appropriate materials include e.g. sol-gel coatings.
  • the environmental friendliness of the film material can be regarded as one chief criterion for the choice of the material. It must not be poi- sonous or otherwise harmful to the environment. It should most advantageously decompose in the nature under the action of soil bacteria. By contrast, polymer wax should resist rainfall and UV radiation.
  • the arrangement of the invention for treating an overhead cable in a power transfer network, especially a bare overhead cable, which is intended for high voltages and high-power transfer comprises coating means 3 for coating the overhead cable 1 with a hydrophobic film 2.
  • the coating means 3 have been disposed as a movable coating apparatus 31. This allows the hydrophobic film 2 to be formed on a previously installed overhead cable 1.
  • the coating apparatus 31 comprises, in the embodiment illustrated in figure 2, a container 4 and a spraying device 5.
  • the container 4 is most advantageously intended for liquid film materials, such as a suitable polymer wax and the mixing liquid for this.
  • the spraying device 5 comprises a pump 51 or a similar actuator and a nozzle device 52 comprising at least one nozzle 52a.
  • the pump 51 serves to pump film material from the container 4 through the nozzle device 52, the film ma- terial being subsequently sprayed in droplets onto the overhead cable 1.
  • the atomised film material adheres to the surface of the overhead cable and forms a film 2, i.e. a very thin material layer on this surface.
  • the spraying device 5 especially its nozzle device 52, comprises a plurality of aligned nozzles 52a mounted at least approximately at the same mutual distance as two or more aligned high-voltage cables, allowing a plurality of cables to be simultaneously treated.
  • the coating apparatus 31 can be mounted e.g. in a helicopter or any suitable air- craft, and then the film material is efficiently applied to the overhead cables as flight spraying.
  • hoar frost formation relates to freezing of the surface of an uncoated overhead cable as a result of heat emission. Heat emission occurs es- pecially on the upper surface of the cable.
  • Applying the film material from above onto a bare overhead cable is hence the optimal manner of providing an overhead cable with a hydrophobic film; the film can be formed most reliably exactly at the location where it is worst needed, i.e. on the upper surface of the cable.
  • the spraying device 5 comprises at least one charging device 53 for charging the atomised film material, especially its small atomised droplets.
  • the charged atomised particles will be oriented in the spray towards the overhead cable and tend to adhere to the energised overhead cable surface.
  • Such a spraying device provides the benefit of allowing reduction of the proportion of wasted film material, i.e. material passing by the overhead cable and spreading out of reach. It also has the advantage of charged atomised particles sprayed from above finding their way also to the lower surface of the ener- gised cable, thus ensuring the formation of a continuous film surrounding the cable totally.
  • Such charging devices 53 disposed in connection with a nozzle are known per se in coating technology, among other domains.
  • the method of the invention for treating the overhead cable in a power transfer network, especially a bare overhead cable, which is intended for high voltages and high-power transfer, preferably utilises the arrangement of the invention described above.
  • the overhead cable 1 is equipped with a thin hy- drophobic film 2.
  • the film 2 is most advantageously formed on previously installed overhead cables 1.
  • one utilises a movable coating apparatus
  • the film 2 is also preferably formed by spraying of the film material.
  • the film material is sprayed as droplets onto the overhead cables. Spraying is performed by using e.g. the spraying device 5 described above. In some cases it is also ad- vantageous to charge the droplets formed during spraying by means of a suitable charging device 53.

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  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

L’invention concerne un procédé et une configuration de traitement d’un câble aérien dans un système de transfert de puissance prévu pour les hautes tensions et le transfert haute puissance. Dans le procédé de l’invention, le câble aérien est revêtu d’un film hydrophobe. La configuration de l’invention comprend un moyen d’enduction pour enduire le câble aérien d’un film hydrophobe. Le moyen d’enduction d’un mode de réalisation préféré est disposé comme appareil de revêtement mobile permettant de constituer le film sur des câbles aériens déjà installés et électrifiés. L’invention cherche à empêcher surtout la formation de givre à la surface du câble aérien à l’aide d’un film adéquat. L’invention permet avantageusement d’éviter les conditions favorisant la décharge de corona à la surface du câble exposé. L’invention concerne également un câble aérien dans un système de transfert de puissance, en particulier un câble aérien nu, prévu pour de hautes tensions et un transfert haute puissance, revêtu d’un film hydrophobe conforme à l’invention.
PCT/FI2005/000526 2004-12-03 2005-12-02 Procédé et configuration de traitement d’un câble aérien et câble aérien WO2006072648A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20041573 2004-12-03
FI20041573A FI20041573A (fi) 2004-12-03 2004-12-03 Sähkön siirtoverkon ilmajohto

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006072648A1 true WO2006072648A1 (fr) 2006-07-13

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PCT/FI2005/000526 WO2006072648A1 (fr) 2004-12-03 2005-12-02 Procédé et configuration de traitement d’un câble aérien et câble aérien

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FI (1) FI20041573A (fr)
WO (1) WO2006072648A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2693447A1 (fr) 2012-08-02 2014-02-05 Nexans Procédé pour fabriquer un cable électrique comprenant un revêtement hydrophobe
EP2693445A1 (fr) 2012-08-02 2014-02-05 Nexans Procédé pour fabriquer un câble électrique comprenant une couche hydrophobe
CN107961964A (zh) * 2017-11-30 2018-04-27 国网重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院 高压输电线路电晕可听噪声的降噪处理方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109510112B (zh) * 2018-11-30 2024-02-23 国网河南省电力公司伊川县供电公司 一种电缆导线专用归方装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4383133A (en) * 1980-06-30 1983-05-10 Societa' Cavi Pirelli S.P.A. Above-ground conductor unit with corona noise reducing covering
US4463219A (en) * 1980-05-16 1984-07-31 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Compound cable
US5904165A (en) * 1993-02-18 1999-05-18 Mclean Ian Hydro service system assembly
US6264142B1 (en) * 1998-12-14 2001-07-24 Agrotors, Inc. Helicopter deicing and anti-icing system and method
JP2002075060A (ja) * 2000-08-31 2002-03-15 Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind 架空送電線

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4463219A (en) * 1980-05-16 1984-07-31 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Compound cable
US4383133A (en) * 1980-06-30 1983-05-10 Societa' Cavi Pirelli S.P.A. Above-ground conductor unit with corona noise reducing covering
US5904165A (en) * 1993-02-18 1999-05-18 Mclean Ian Hydro service system assembly
US6264142B1 (en) * 1998-12-14 2001-07-24 Agrotors, Inc. Helicopter deicing and anti-icing system and method
JP2002075060A (ja) * 2000-08-31 2002-03-15 Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind 架空送電線

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 200239, Derwent World Patents Index; Class X12, AN 2002-357126 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2693447A1 (fr) 2012-08-02 2014-02-05 Nexans Procédé pour fabriquer un cable électrique comprenant un revêtement hydrophobe
EP2693445A1 (fr) 2012-08-02 2014-02-05 Nexans Procédé pour fabriquer un câble électrique comprenant une couche hydrophobe
FR2994329A1 (fr) * 2012-08-02 2014-02-07 Nexans Procede pour fabriquer un cable electrique comprenant une couche hydrophobe
CN107961964A (zh) * 2017-11-30 2018-04-27 国网重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院 高压输电线路电晕可听噪声的降噪处理方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI20041573A (fi) 2006-06-04
FI20041573A0 (fi) 2004-12-03

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