WO2006064643A1 - 油脂の製造方法 - Google Patents
油脂の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006064643A1 WO2006064643A1 PCT/JP2005/021551 JP2005021551W WO2006064643A1 WO 2006064643 A1 WO2006064643 A1 WO 2006064643A1 JP 2005021551 W JP2005021551 W JP 2005021551W WO 2006064643 A1 WO2006064643 A1 WO 2006064643A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- oils
- fats
- oil
- alcohol
- raw
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/02—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
- C11C3/003—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fatty acids with alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
- C11C3/04—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fats or fatty oils
- C11C3/08—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fats or fatty oils with fatty acids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing fats and oils.
- Fats and oils such as palm oil contain free fatty acids due to hydrolysis of triglycerides by lipase.
- methods such as neutralization with an alkaline aqueous solution, removal with an adsorbent, and preesterification with an acid catalyst have been taken.
- Patent Document 4 a method using an acid-type solid cation exchange resin.
- This method is a method of reducing the content of free fatty acids in fats and oils by treating the fats and oils with a lower monohydric alcohol in the presence of an acidic esterification catalyst. Is used. According to this method, the content of free fatty acids can be reduced and metal ions can be removed, the loss of useful components such as carotene is small, and the implementation scale is not increased more than necessary. However, even with this method, the esterification efficiency of free fatty acids is not sufficient.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-370195
- Patent Document 2 JP-A 63-97696
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-140544
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-168696
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing fats and oils that can further improve the efficiency of esterification of free fatty acids in the fats and oils.
- the production method of the present invention is a method for producing fats and oils having a step of esterifying a free fatty acid in raw material fats and oils with alcohol, wherein the esterification step comprises the raw material fats and oils.
- This is a method for producing fats and oils, which is a step of adding alcohol to the acid gel cation exchange resin.
- the method for producing fats and oils of the present invention is characterized in that acidic gel type cation exchanged rosin is used as a catalyst for esterification of free fatty acids in the fats and oils.
- the production method of the present invention can improve the esterification efficiency of free fatty acids as compared with the conventional method using acid-type solid cation exchange resin.
- the resin contained in the acidic gel cation exchange resin is contained in the acidic gel cation exchange resin preferably having a styrenic base material.
- the cross-linking agent dibutenebenzene is preferable.
- the degree of crosslinking of the acidic gel type thione exchange resin is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 3 to LO weight%. That is, if it is 3% by weight or more, it is more preferable in terms of rosin strength, and if it is 10% by weight or less, the esterification efficiency of free fatty acids can be further improved.
- the crosslinking degree of the acidic gel type cation exchange resin is more preferably in the range of 3 to 9% by weight, and still more preferably in the range of 4 to 8% by weight.
- the free fatty acid has the highest esterification efficiency and the raw material fats and oils contain useful components such as strength tentoe and tocotrienol, these alterations and loss are sufficiently suppressed, and Particularly preferred are those having a degree of cross-linking of 4% by weight, which is sufficiently excellent in mechanical strength.
- the “gel-type cation exchange resin” in the present invention generally means a cation exchange resin whose particles are composed of a uniform crosslinked polymer.
- the esterification step is preferably a step of passing the raw material fat added with the alcohol through a column filled with the acidic gel type cation exchange resin.
- the column temperature is, for example, 40 to
- the column residence time of the raw oil and fat is, for example, in the range of 60 to 480 minutes, preferably in the range of 100 to 360 minutes, and more preferably in the range of 100 to 240 minutes.
- the amount of the alcohol added is appropriately determined depending on the fatty acid distribution of the raw oil and fat, etc., for example, 5 to 30 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the raw oil and fat Preferably, it is 10 to 28 folds per 100 parts by weight of the raw material fats and oils. More preferably, it is in the range of 15 to 26 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the raw oil and fat.
- the lower the moisture content in the alcohol for example, is 1500 ppm or less, preferably 1 OOOppm or less, and more preferably 600 ppm or less.
- the lower limit of the amount of water in the alcohol is not particularly limited. For example, it is about the detection limit (Oppm), preferably about lOOppm.
- lower monohydric alcohol As the alcohol, it is preferable to use, for example, lower monohydric alcohol as the alcohol.
- the lower monohydric alcohol include those having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these, methanol is preferably used.
- the raw material fat when the raw material fat contains metal ions, it is preferably removed in the esterification step.
- metal ions contained in the raw oil and fat include copper ions, iron ions, sodium ions, potassium ions, calcium ions, and magnesium ions.
- the production method of the present invention preferably further includes an alcoholysis step in which an alcohol is added to the fats and oils in which free fatty acids are esterified by the esterification step.
- the raw oil and fat used in the production method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include beef tallow, coconut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, corn oil and the like. It is done. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Moreover, it is preferable to use what contains useful components, such as a carotene, a tocopherol, tocotrienol, as said raw material fats and oils. Among them, it is particularly preferable to use palm oil containing a large amount of carotene and tocotrienol.
- fats and oils before being subjected to the esterification process are referred to as “raw oils and fats”, and fats and oils after being subjected to the esterification process are referred to as “refined fats and oils”.
- an alcohol is added to a raw oil and fat, and this is converted into an acid.
- the free fatty acid in the raw oil / fat is esterified by an esterification process in which it is brought into contact with the conductive gel type cation exchange resin.
- the degumming treatment for example, warm water is added to the raw oil and fat to hydrate phospholipids, or aggregation is performed by inorganic acid or heat treatment, and then sedimentation or centrifugation is performed to remove gum. Can be done.
- the amount of alcohol added and the amount of water in the alcohol are as described above. As described above, it is preferable to use methanol as the alcohol.
- Examples of the acidic gel-type cation exchange resin include a sulfonated product of a styrene di-vinylbenzene copolymer.
- Examples of the commercially available acidic gel-type cation exchange resin include, for example, trade names DIAION SK104, SK106, SK1B and SK110 manufactured by Mitsubishi Kagaku Co., Ltd. The brand name Amberlite manufactured by And'Norse can be mentioned. The degree of crosslinking of the acidic gel type cation exchange resin is as described above. In addition, it is preferable to wash
- the cleaning alcohol it is preferable to use the same alcohol as that added to the raw material fat.
- the washing is preferably performed until the amount of water in the washing alcohol does not change before and after washing.
- the water in the acidic gel-type cation exchange resin is replaced with the washing alcohol, and free fatty acid esterification can be performed more efficiently.
- the acidic gel-type cation exchange resin is washed with 2 to 5 times the volume of the washing alcohol.
- the production method of the present invention is preferably a step of passing the raw oil / fat to which the alcohol is added through the column through the column filled with the acidic gel-type cation exchange resin. .
- the column temperature and the column residence time of the raw oil and fat are as described above.
- the deoxidation rate is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 70% or more, preferably 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more.
- the deoxidation rate means the ratio (% by weight) of the esterified free fatty acid to the total free fatty acid in the raw oil and fat, and can be measured, for example, by the method described in the examples below.
- the refined fats and oils when the raw material fats and oils contain metal ions, it is preferable that the refined fats and oils have a metal ion concentration below the detection limit.
- the metal ion concentration can be measured, for example, by the method described in Examples described later.
- the refined fat / fat preferably has a carotene disappearance rate and a tocotrienol alteration rate of 10% by weight or less. More preferably, both are 6% by weight or less, and more preferably, both are 4% by weight or less.
- the carotene disappearance rate and the tocotrienol alteration rate can be measured, for example, by the method described in Examples described later.
- the production method of the present invention may further include an alcoholysis step in which alcohol is added to the refined fat and oil to cause alcoholysis.
- a dehydration process may be needed prior to that. That is, the refined fat / oil contains water generated by esterification of free fatty acids. This amount of water depends on the amount of free fatty acids in the raw oil and fat and the esterification rate. When the raw fat / oil is not deteriorated so much, the free fatty acid concentration in the raw fat / oil is, for example, 5% by weight or less, and the amount of water generated by esterification is, for example, 5000 ppm or less.
- a sufficient reaction rate can be achieved by increasing the amount of alkali catalyst in the later described alcoholysis step.
- the dehydration method include thin-film distillation under vacuum, evaporation at 150 ° C under atmospheric pressure, and excess methanol added to and mixed with purified oil and stationary, and the upper methanol layer (this layer is For example, a method such as removing high water content) may be used.
- the alcohol for alcoholysis is preferably a lower alcohol such as methanol.
- the amount of alcohol added for the alcoholysis is, for example, in the range of 5 to 50 parts by weight and preferably in the range of 10 to 40 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the refined fat.
- the temperature of the alcoholysis is, for example, in the range of 50 to 100 ° C., preferably in the range of 60 to 80 ° C., and the reaction time of the alcoholysis is, for example, in the range of 15 to 90 minutes, preferably in the range of 40 to The range is 70 minutes.
- the alcoholysis is preferably performed in the presence of a catalyst.
- a catalyst an alkali catalyst is preferable.
- sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium methylate and the like can be used.
- the amount of the catalyst added is, for example, in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight, preferably in the range of 0.2 to 0.3 parts by weight, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the refined fat.
- the ester yield will improve and the alkyl ester excellent in acidity stability can be obtained. Moreover, when recovering useful components such as carotene and tocotrienols, most of them are not altered or lost, so the recovery rate is improved.
- the ester exchange reaction can be further performed, and the obtained ester is mixed with, for example, light oil.
- the ester can be further subjected to addition of ethylene oxide, hydrogenation, higher alcohol or sulfonation to synthesize a surfactant, which can be used as a cleaning agent, for example.
- each sample is pretreated by passing it through a filter paper filled with anhydrous sodium sulfate. Weigh accurately 5 to 10 g (Wtl) of each sample after the pretreatment and place in a 200 mL Erlenmeyer flask. There, inside Add about 50 mL of Japanese alcohol to dissolve the sample. After adding several drops of phenolphthalein as an indicator, titrate with 1Z10 normal KOH solution. From this titration constant (mL), the acid value is calculated by the following formula (1).
- the sample is pretreated in the same manner as the deoxidation rate measuring method. Weigh accurately 0.1 lg (Wt2) of each sample after the pretreatment, put it in a volumetric flask, measure up to 50 mL with cyclohexane, and use it as the sample solution. This sample solution is put into a measuring cell of a spectrophotometer, and absorbance Ab at a wavelength of 448 nm is measured. From this measured value, the carotene concentration is calculated by the following formula (3).
- Carotene concentration (ppm) DX200ZE ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (3)
- Carotene disappearance rate (%) ⁇ (F1— F2) ZF1 ⁇ X100 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (4)
- the sample is pretreated in the same manner as the deoxidation rate measuring method. Accurately measure 0.5 g of each sample after the pretreatment, put it in a measuring flask, make up to 50 mL with methanol, A sample solution is used. On the other hand, a standard solution is prepared so that each of the standard tocopherols ( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ) has a predetermined concentration. The standard solution is subjected to HPLC analysis under the following conditions, and a calibration curve for each tocopherol is prepared in advance. Each tocotrienol sensitivity (j8, ⁇ , ⁇ ) was the same as each tocopherol sensitivity. Next, the sample solution is analyzed in the same manner, each concentration is calculated from the calibration curve, and totaled to obtain a total tocotrienol concentration (ppm).
- ppm total tocotrienol concentration
- Tocotrienol alteration rate (%) [(Tl -T2) / Tl] X 100
- T1 Total tocotrienol concentration (ppm) of raw oil
- T2 Total tocotrienol concentration (ppm) in refined fats and oils
- the metal ion concentration of the sample was measured by an atomic absorption method after ashing.
- Raw material fats and oils (palm oil: crushed palm oil from Malaysia; acid value 6-10, iodine value 50) 100 parts by weight 99.5% by volume methanol 20 parts by weight Heat to 60 ° C with a heater and fill with acidic gel cation exchange resin (Made by Mitsubishi Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: Diamond SK104, degree of crosslinking (divinylbenzene) 4 wt%; 1.5 L)
- the purified oil (fat) was passed through a column (diameter 8 cm, length 30 cm). The column temperature was 60 ° C., and the column residence time of the raw oil (2 kg) was 120 minutes.
- the acidic gel type cation exchange bottle The fat was previously washed with 4 volumes (volume) of methanol.
- a refined oil and fat was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an acidic gel type cation exchange resin having a crosslinking degree of 6% by weight (trade name: Diaion SK106, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) was used. It was.
- Raw oil and fat (palm oil; same as Example 1) Add 100 parts by weight of 99.5% by volume of methanol and 20 parts by weight of sulfuric acid (addition of 1.0% by weight of oil and fat) as a catalyst at 60 ° C. While stirring for 120 minutes, the free fatty acid in the raw material fat was esterified to obtain a refined fat.
- an acid type solid cation exchange resin (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: Diaion PK212, degree of crosslinking: 6% by weight) was used in the same manner as in Example 1. A refined oil was obtained.
- an acid type solid cation exchange resin (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: Diaion 216, degree of crosslinking: 8% by weight) was used in the same manner as in Example 1. A refined oil was obtained.
- Methanol-added soot parts by weight
- Moisture content (%) 57-67 57-67 57-67 47-57 43-50 35-45 Deoxidation rate (%) 95 70 96 80 70 20 Carotene disappearance rate (%) 3 3 3 2 2 1 Engineering Knoll Alteration Rate (%) 5 5 5 4 3 2
- free fatty acids in raw fats and oils can be efficiently esterified, and if the raw fats and oils contain metal ions, they can also be removed. Furthermore, when the raw material fats and oils contain useful components such as carotene and tocotrienol, their alteration and disappearance can be prevented. Therefore, if the production method of the present invention is applied to, for example, palm oil or the like, it has excellent oxidation stability and is useful such as carotene and tocotrienol. Oils and fats rich in ingredients can be obtained.
- the fats and oils obtained by the production method of the present invention can be further subjected to a transesterification reaction, and the obtained esters can be used as biodiesel fuel, for example, by mixing with light oil. Further, the ester can be further subjected to ethylene oxide addition, hydrogenation, higher alcohol or sulfone to synthesize a surfactant, and can be used, for example, as a cleaning agent.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2006548738A JPWO2006064643A1 (ja) | 2004-12-17 | 2005-11-24 | 油脂の製造方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2004365290 | 2004-12-17 | ||
JP2004-365290 | 2004-12-17 |
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WO2006064643A1 true WO2006064643A1 (ja) | 2006-06-22 |
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ID=36587704
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PCT/JP2005/021551 WO2006064643A1 (ja) | 2004-12-17 | 2005-11-24 | 油脂の製造方法 |
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JP (1) | JPWO2006064643A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20070084059A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006064643A1 (ja) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1921131A1 (en) | 2006-11-13 | 2008-05-14 | Rohm and Haas Company | Method for esterification of free fatty acids in triglycerides |
WO2008078769A1 (ja) * | 2006-12-27 | 2008-07-03 | Lion Corporation | 脂肪酸低級アルキルエステルの製造方法 |
JP2009185215A (ja) * | 2008-02-07 | 2009-08-20 | Rohm & Haas Co | トリグリセリド中の遊離脂肪酸をエステル化する方法 |
JP2010502775A (ja) * | 2006-08-28 | 2010-01-28 | ユニバーシティー プトラ マレーシア | アシルグリセロールエステル類の製造 |
JP2010065219A (ja) * | 2008-09-15 | 2010-03-25 | Rohm & Haas Co | トリグリセリド中の遊離脂肪酸の選択的エステル化方法 |
JP2010150421A (ja) * | 2008-12-25 | 2010-07-08 | Lion Corp | 濃縮ホルボールエステルの製造方法 |
EP2174554A3 (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2011-01-12 | Infineum International Limited | Improving the oxidation stability of oils of vegetable or animal origin |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS51147532A (en) * | 1975-06-13 | 1976-12-17 | Lion Corp | Process for manufacturing carotene condensates |
-
2005
- 2005-11-24 JP JP2006548738A patent/JPWO2006064643A1/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-11-24 KR KR1020077010426A patent/KR20070084059A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-11-24 WO PCT/JP2005/021551 patent/WO2006064643A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS51147532A (en) * | 1975-06-13 | 1976-12-17 | Lion Corp | Process for manufacturing carotene condensates |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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JERABEK K ET AL: "POLYMER MATRIX INFLUENCE ON ION EXCHANGE RESIN-CATALYZED REACTIONS.", J MOL CATAL., vol. 39, no. 2, 1987, pages 161 - 167, XP002995749 * |
STANCHER B ET AL: "Metilazione in fiala di miscele di acidi grassi C6-C22 con metanolo e resina a scambio cationico. Applicazione agli acidi grassi liberi dei formaggi.", RIVISTA ITALIANA DELLE SOSTANZE GRASSE., vol. 59, no. 12, 1982, pages 619 - 622, XP002995748 * |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010502775A (ja) * | 2006-08-28 | 2010-01-28 | ユニバーシティー プトラ マレーシア | アシルグリセロールエステル類の製造 |
EP1921131A1 (en) | 2006-11-13 | 2008-05-14 | Rohm and Haas Company | Method for esterification of free fatty acids in triglycerides |
US7550614B2 (en) | 2006-11-13 | 2009-06-23 | Rohm And Haas Company | Method for esterification of free fatty acids in triglycerides |
CN101182293B (zh) * | 2006-11-13 | 2011-08-10 | 罗门哈斯公司 | 用于甘油三酯中游离脂肪酸的酯化反应的方法 |
WO2008078769A1 (ja) * | 2006-12-27 | 2008-07-03 | Lion Corporation | 脂肪酸低級アルキルエステルの製造方法 |
JP2009185215A (ja) * | 2008-02-07 | 2009-08-20 | Rohm & Haas Co | トリグリセリド中の遊離脂肪酸をエステル化する方法 |
JP2010065219A (ja) * | 2008-09-15 | 2010-03-25 | Rohm & Haas Co | トリグリセリド中の遊離脂肪酸の選択的エステル化方法 |
EP2174554A3 (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2011-01-12 | Infineum International Limited | Improving the oxidation stability of oils of vegetable or animal origin |
JP2010150421A (ja) * | 2008-12-25 | 2010-07-08 | Lion Corp | 濃縮ホルボールエステルの製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR20070084059A (ko) | 2007-08-24 |
JPWO2006064643A1 (ja) | 2008-06-12 |
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