WO2006030846A1 - 成長段階でコムギの二次加工性状を推定する方法 - Google Patents
成長段階でコムギの二次加工性状を推定する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006030846A1 WO2006030846A1 PCT/JP2005/017009 JP2005017009W WO2006030846A1 WO 2006030846 A1 WO2006030846 A1 WO 2006030846A1 JP 2005017009 W JP2005017009 W JP 2005017009W WO 2006030846 A1 WO2006030846 A1 WO 2006030846A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
- C12Q1/6888—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for detection or identification of organisms
- C12Q1/6895—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for detection or identification of organisms for plants, fungi or algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
- C12Q2600/158—Expression markers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for detecting genetic markers in wheat in a growing stage and presuming secondary processing properties of wheat at an early stage.
- Non-patent Document 1 High molecular weight glutenin from wheat has long been studied as a protein that determines bread-making suitability.
- this was compared with the subunits (1DX2 + 1DV12) associated with poor bread-making ability and the amino acid sequence, it was shown to be associated with the structure and physical characteristics of dulten (Non-patent Document 3).
- Non-patent Document 4 discloses a method for introducing a high molecular weight glutenin subunit by transformation for the purpose of improving bread-making suitability.
- Proindoline is a starch-binding protein “Grain Softness Pr” that is characteristic of soft flour. It was identified as oteinj (Non-Patent Documents 5 and 6). This protein was originally named fly avirin. The protein has two major components, which have been shown to be homologous to lipid binding proteins known as prinindrin a and b. If this protein is contained, this protein is added to the strong wheat flour, and the amount of added koji and the hardness of the bread have an inverse correlation. This ability Proindoline has been shown to be a factor that affects bread quality (Non-patent Document 7).
- ⁇ xyprotein has also been studied as a starch-binding protein.
- cereal starch There are two types of cereal starch: linear amylose and branched amylopectin.
- “glutinous” was not known in nature, but recently, the Tohoku Agricultural Research Center succeeded in developing the world's first waxy wheat. Wx protein is present in glutinous wheat, whereas Wx protein is not present in waxy wheat.
- Common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a hexaploid having three types of Wx genes, and has Wx—Al, Wx—B1, and Wx—D1 on chromatic body arms 7AS, 4AL, and 7DS.
- Patent Document 2 describes a method for confirming the presence or absence of the expression of 3x Wx genes (Wx-Al, Wx-Bl, Wx-Dl) in wheat using two-dimensional electrophoresis. .
- the patent publication also describes a method for producing sticky wheat using a wheat mutant lacking expression of two Wx genes for crossing.
- Patent Document 3 discloses breads produced using flour containing 0.5 to 30% by weight of wheat flour produced from glutinous wheat, which is thawed and eaten after refrigerated storage or frozen storage. It also describes breads that do not deteriorate the texture.
- the gene that codes for the xyxy protein is known as the oxyxylococcal gene.
- Patent Document 4 describes a method for detecting these three types of mutant oxylocus genes.
- Non-Patent Literature l Payne, P.I., Holt, L.M., Law, C.N. (1981) Theor Appl Genet 60: 229-236
- Non-Patent Document 2 Payne, P.I., Corfield, K.G., Holt, L.M., Blackman, J.A. (1981) J Sci Food Agric 32: 51-60
- Non-Patent Document 3 Flavell, R.B "Goldsbrough, A.P., Robert, L.S., Schnick, D., Thomps on, R.D. (1989)
- Non-Patent Document 4 Barro, F “Rooke, B” Bekes, F., Gras, P., Tatham, AS, Fido, R “La zzeri, PS, Shewry, PR and Barcelo, P. (1997) Nature Biotec 15 : 1295—1299
- Non-patent literature 5 Greenwell, P. and Schofield, J. (1986) Cereal Chem. 63: 379-380
- Non-patent literature 6 Jolly, CJ, Rahman, S “Kortt, AA and Higgins, TJV ( 1993) Theor Appl Genet 86: 589-597
- Non-Patent Document 7 Dubreil, L "Meliande, S., Chiron, H” Compoint, J.P., Quillien, L. Brarnard, G. and Marion, D. (1998) Cereal Chem. 75: 222-229
- Patent Document 1 JP 2000-516097 Publication
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent No. 3170595
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9 191819
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-284598
- An object of the present invention is to provide a means for estimating the secondary cache properties of wheat flour from which harvested wheat deer can also be obtained at an early stage before the wheat seeds mature.
- the present invention includes the following inventions.
- the kit comprising at least one probe that is specifically hybridized to a gene identified by any one of the nucleotide sequences of ⁇ 121 and that also has a continuous probe power of 10 to 40 bases long.
- a continuous primer primer having a length of 10 to 40 bases for specifically amplifying the gene specified by any one of the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 1, 8, 34, 48 and 45 is also selected. 10 to 40 bases in length, which hybridizes specifically to at least one primer and a gene identified by Z or any of the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 1, 8, 34, 48 and 45.
- Lobe force The kit according to (4), comprising at least one selected probe.
- a continuous probe of at least 10 bases that specifically hybridizes to at least one gene selected from the genes specified by any one of the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 1, 8, 34, 48, and 45 An array for estimating secondary calorie properties in mature wheat seeds using immature wheat. [0019] According to the present invention, it is possible to estimate the secondary processing properties of future mature wheat seeds at an early stage before the wheat seeds mature. This can reduce the risk of purchasing low-quality wheat.
- the present inventors have found a gene whose expression level changes when exposed to high temperature or low temperature during the ripening period, and the expression level of the gene in immature wheat as a marker. It was found that the secondary processing characteristics of matured seeds in the future can be estimated by measuring
- wheat means a plant belonging to the genus Gramineae, such as bread wheat, tarho wheat, macaroni wheat, etc. It is not limited.
- the present invention is preferably used for bread wheat, particularly Triticum aestivum.
- the gene used as a marker in the method of the present invention is a gene specified by any one of the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NOS: 1-121, and the expression level of at least one gene selected from these is measured.
- the gene power specified by any one of the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 1, 8, 34, 48 and 45 is used to measure the expression level of at least one selected gene, preferably five genes. To do.
- the gene specified by any one of the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NOS: 1-121 is a gene consisting of any one of the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NOS: 1-121, and is functionally equivalent to the gene. Genes are included.
- “functionally equivalent” means that the polypeptide encoded by the gene of interest is biologically equivalent to the polypeptide encoded by the gene consisting of any one of the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NOS: 1-121. It has a function and biochemical function.
- Functionally equivalent genes usually have high homology at the amino acid sequence level.
- High homology generally refers to at least 50% identity, preferably 75% identity, more preferably 85% identity, more preferably 95% identity at the amino acid level.
- the identity of amino acid sequences and base sequences can be determined by the algorithm BLAST by Karlin and Alt schul (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90: 5873-5877, 1993). Specific methods of these analysis methods are known.
- the term “gene” includes not only DNA but also mRNA and cDNA.
- ESTs are included as well as full-length genes.
- the gene specified by any one of the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NOS: 1-121 includes a gene comprising a nucleotide sequence including all or part of any of the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NOS: 1-121. Is done.
- the base length of a gene consisting of a base sequence containing all or part of any base sequence of SEQ ID NOS: 1-121 is not particularly limited as long as it encodes a functionally equivalent gene.
- a part of the base sequence is a base sequence of a part of each base sequence, and has a length sufficient for hybridization under stringent conditions.
- at least 50 bases Preferably, the sequence is at least 100 bases, more preferably at least 200 bases.
- it is a sequence of at least 50 bases, preferably at least 100 bases, more preferably at least 200 bases continuous in each base sequence.
- “continuous” means that a continuous base sequence is included in the reference base sequence.
- stringent conditions refer to conditions in which specific hybrids are formed and non-specific hybrids are not formed, that is, high homology (homology to each gene). 80% or higher, preferably 90% or higher, more preferably 95% or higher). More specifically, such conditions are 0.5 to: 42-68 ° C in the presence of LM NaCl, or 42 ° C in the presence of 50% formamide, or 65-68 ° C in aqueous solution. After hybridization, the filter can be washed at room temperature to 68 ° C. with an SSC solution having a concentration of 0.1 to 2 times.
- the measurement of the expression level of the gene should be carried out by a method usually used in this technical field.
- a method for detecting RNA encoding at least one gene selected from genes identified by any one of SEQ ID NOS: 1-121 in a sample derived from immature wheat can be mentioned. It is done.
- the detection of RNA includes detection of cDNA and cRNA that have undergone RNA force conversion in addition to detection of mRNA.
- a gene identified by any of the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NOS: 1-121 10 to 40 bases that specifically hybridize a 10 to 40 base long continuous primer and a gene specified by Z or any one of the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NOS: 1-121.
- a method using at least one probe in which a long continuous probe force is also selected.
- the primer for specifically amplifying the gene identified by any one of the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NOS: 1-121 amplifies a part of any of the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NOS: 1-121 It may be a thing.
- the nucleotide sequence of positions 27 to 176 of SEQ ID NO: 1, the nucleotide sequence of positions 150 to 250 of SEQ ID NO: 8, the nucleotide sequence of positions 12 to 80 of SEQ ID NO: 34, the nucleotide sequence of positions 40 to 149 of SEQ ID NO: 48 Amplify the nucleotide sequence from positions 69 to 216 of SEQ ID NO: 45.
- the design of a primer for specifically amplifying a specific gene and a probe specifically hybridizing to the specific gene can be performed by a method commonly used in this technical field.
- the length of the primer is usually 10 bases or more, preferably 10 to 40 bases, more preferably 15 to 30 bases.
- the length of the probe is usually 10 or more bases, preferably 10 to 40 bases, more preferably 15 to 30 bases.
- Tm melting temperature
- a known primer or probe design software can be used, and examples of software that can be used in the present invention include Amplify. Tm can also be checked by itself without using software. In that case, the calculation formula based on the nearest base pair method (Nearest Neighbor Method), Wallance method, GC% method, etc. can be used. In the present invention, it is preferable to use a primer having an average Tm of about 50 to 70 ° C and a probe having a temperature of 55 to 75 ° C. Other conditions that allow specific annealing or hybridization as a primer or probe include GC content, and such conditions are well known to those skilled in the art.
- the primer may be homologous or complementary to the sequence used as a template at the time of design.
- the forward primer is the same sequence as the template sequence
- the reverse primer is the template sequence. It is necessary to design the primer while paying attention to the complementary sequence. The design of such primers is well known to those skilled in the art.
- primers include the following primer sets:
- the primer set As a primer set that specifically amplifies the gene specified by the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 34, the primer set consists of a forward primer having the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 136 and the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 137. A set with a reverse primer is mentioned,
- the primer set As a primer set that specifically amplifies the gene specified by the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 48, the primer set consists of a forward primer having the nucleotide sequence ability represented by SEQ ID NO: 139 and the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 140 A set with a reverse primer is mentioned,
- a primer set that specifically amplifies the gene identified by the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 45
- a set of a forward primer having a base sequence ability represented by SEQ ID NO: 142 and a reverse primer comprising a base sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 143 is exemplified.
- a probe that specifically hybridizes to a gene identified by any one of the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NOS: 1-121 is specifically hybridized to a part of any one of the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NOS: 1-121. You may do. For example, the nucleotide sequence from positions 113 to 128 of SEQ ID NO: 1, the nucleotide sequence from positions 213 to 228 of SEQ ID NO: 8, the nucleotide sequence from positions 33 to 47 of SEQ ID NO: 34, the nucleotide sequence from positions 91 to 106 of SEQ ID NO: 48 It may be one that hybridizes to the nucleotide sequence of positions 178 to 194 of SEQ ID NO: 45! /.
- the primer or probe as described above includes sequences other than the portion to be annealed or hybridized, for example, an additional sequence such as a tag sequence. Those added with such additional sequences are also included in the scope of the present invention.
- each of the samples in the sample derived from immature wheat is used.
- a method for measuring the expression level of a gene based on the amount of RNA encoding the gene is described below.
- RNA is extracted from a sample derived from immature wheat.
- the immature wheat is not particularly limited as long as it is a wheat from pollination to flowering and harvesting, but it is usually 1 to 40 days, preferably 5 to 35 days after flowering. It is.
- seeds are used as a sample derived from immature wheat.
- Examples of methods for extracting RNA include guanidine thiocyanate / cesium chloride ultracentrifugation, guanidine thiocyanate 'hot phenol method, guanidine hydrochloric acid method, guanidine thiocyanate' phenol. 'Cloczholski method (Chomczynski, P. and Sacchi, N., (19 87) Anal. Biochem., 162, 156-159) can be used.
- the extracted RNA is preferably further purified and used as mRNA.
- the purification method is not particularly limited, many of the mRNAs present in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells have a poly (A) sequence at the 3 'end, so this feature can be used, for example, as follows. can do. First, a poly (A ) Adsorb + RNA. Next, the paramagnetic particle carrier on which streptavidin is immobilized is prepared, and poly (A) + RNA is captured by utilizing the bond between piotin Z streptavidin. After the washing operation, the poly (A) + RNA is finally eluted from the oligo (dT) probe.
- RNA thus obtained, cDNA and cRNA obtained from the RNA cartridge, and amplification products thereof are hereinafter referred to as test nucleic acids, and the method for measuring the gene expression level in the present invention is described below. It also includes the case of measuring nucleic acid! / Deviation.
- the method for measuring the gene expression level is not particularly limited, and can be carried out by a method commonly used in the art. Examples thereof include hybridization methods such as Northern hybridization and reverse transcription PCR method. In the present invention, it is preferable to use reverse transcription PCR method. Furthermore, in the present invention, preferably, the expression level of each gene is quantitatively measured by combining quantitative PCR methods such as real-time PCR method and competitive PCR method.
- the present invention can measure immature wheat by measuring the ratio of the expression level of a specific gene to the expression level of a gene (housekeeping gene) whose expression level does not change depending on the tissue or growth stage. Measure the increase or decrease in the expression level of a specific gene in.
- genes whose expression level does not change depending on the tissue or growth stage include ubiquitin gene, actin gene, tubulin gene, and ribosomal RNA gene.
- the ubiquitin gene is used as a standard gene. Is preferred.
- cDNA is prepared by reverse transcriptase reaction using the RNA obtained from the sample as a template, and then using a pair of primers using the prepared cDNA as a template. PCR method is performed.
- the same primer is used to compare the amount of amplification product obtained from a competitive template, which is an internal standard for quantification, and the amount of amplification product obtained from the test nucleic acid strength.
- the detection target contained in the test nucleic acid can be quantified.
- the 5 'end is a fluorescent dye (reporter) and the 3' end is quenched.
- a probe labeled with a dye (taentia) that hybridizes to a specific region of the target gene is used.
- the fluorescence of the reporter is suppressed by the quencher.
- PCR is performed using TaqDNA polymerase for its external force.
- the exonuclease activity causes the fluorescent probe to hydrolyze from the 5 'end, releasing the reporter dye and emitting fluorescence.
- Real-time PCR quantifies the initial amount of template DNA by monitoring this fluorescence intensity in real time.
- the real-time PCR method for example, SYBR TM Green method or TaqMan TM method can be used.
- As a reaction cycle of the real-time PCR method for example, 40 cycles of 50 ° C. for 2 minutes, 95 ° C. for 10 minutes (95 ° C. for 15 seconds, 60 ° C.) can be used.
- the obtained results can be standardized using, for example, 18s ribosomal RNA.
- a known means capable of specifically recognizing an amplification product obtained by the amplification reaction can be used.
- it can be carried out by allowing a label such as a radioisotope, fluorescent substance, or luminescent substance to act on dNTP incorporated during the amplification reaction and detecting this label.
- radioisotope 32 P, 125 i, 35 s and the like can be used.
- fluorescent material for example, fluorescein (FITC), sulforhodamine (TR), tetramethylrhodamine (TRITC) and the like can be used.
- luminescent substance luciferin or the like can be used.
- the type of the labeled body there are no particular restrictions on the type of the labeled body, the method for introducing the labeled body, and the like, and various conventionally known means can be used.
- a method for introducing a label a random prime method using a radioactive isotope can be mentioned.
- any method known in the art for detecting the above-mentioned labeled body may be used.
- the radioactivity can be measured using, for example, a liquid scintillation counter or a ⁇ counter.
- fluorescence when fluorescence is used as the label, use a fluorescence microscope, a fluorescence plate reader, etc. Can be detected.
- the expression level of each gene can also be measured by carrying out a hybridization reaction using the above probe and detecting its specific binding.
- the hybridization reaction must be performed under conditions that allow the probe to specifically bind only to a base sequence derived from a specific gene, that is, under stringent conditions. Such stringent conditions are well known in the art and are not particularly limited.
- appropriate labels such as fluorescent labels (such as FAM), radioactive labels, enzyme labels, and piotin labels can be added to the probes.
- the measurement of the gene expression level can also be carried out by bringing a labeled probe into contact with a test nucleic acid obtained from immature wheat so that it can be hybridized.
- “To be able to hybridize” means in an environment (temperature, salt concentration) where specific binding occurs under the stringent conditions described above.
- the sample or test nucleic acid is supported on an appropriate carrier such as a slide glass, membrane, or microtiter plate, and the probe and the test nucleic acid are brought into contact with each other by adding a labeled probe. Then, a hybridization reaction is performed! After removing the probe that has not been hybridized, the label of the probe that is hybridized with the test nucleic acid is detected. Quantitative detection is possible by using the label concentration as an index. Examples of detection methods using a labeled probe include Southern hybridization method, Northern hybridization method, FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) method and the like.
- examples of a method for detecting at least one of the test nucleic acids include an array method such as a microarray and a macroarray.
- detection can be performed by the following method. That is, a probe that specifically hybridizes to a test nucleic acid is supported on an appropriate carrier such as a slide glass, membrane, or microtiter plate, and the hybridization reaction with the probe is performed after labeling the test nucleic acid. Then, after removing the hybridized test nucleic acid, the label of the test nucleic acid hybridized with the probe is detected. By using the label concentration as an index, quantitative detection is also possible.
- Double-stranded nucleic acid can be detected using, for example, a fluorescent dye that specifically binds to the double-stranded portion of the nucleic acid. Examples of such a dye include a fluorescent intercalator described in JP-A-2002-181816.
- the test nucleic acid may be either DNA or RNA. However, if high-sensitivity detection is required, RNA may be combined with the test nucleic acid. Is preferable.
- the array of the present invention is prepared according to a known technique, for example, a method described in Masaaki Muramatsu, Hiroyuki Nami (supervised), "DNA microarray and the latest PCR method", Shujunsha (published in March 2003). Can be prepared, and an array method using this can also be carried out with reference to the literature.
- secondary processing of a mature wheat seed is performed by measuring the expression level of at least one gene identified by any one of the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NOS: 1-121 in immature wheat. Estimate the properties.
- amylopectin side chain length of starch affects the suitability of udon (Shibanuma, K., Take da, Y "Hizukuri, S” and Shibata, S. (1994 ) Carbphydr. Polym. 25: 111—116). It has also been reported that amylose content increases when exposed to high temperatures during ripening (Tester, RF, Debon, SJJ, Davies, HV, and Gidley, MJ (1995) J. Sci. Food Agric). Ma Stone and Nicholas also stated that the ratio of glutenin to gliadin did not change even under high temperature stress, and that it decreased dramatically (Stone, PE, and Nicholas, ME (1994) Aust. J Plant Physiol.
- the present inventors measured the expression level of the gene identified by any one of the nucleotide sequences of SEQ ID NOS: 1-121 in immature wheat by the above method, and determined the expression level of each of the obtained genes. Calculated as a ratio to the expression level of a housekeeping gene such as a ubiquitin gene and comparing the results obtained with those exposed to high temperatures during the ripening period or in wheat exposed to low temperatures. We found out that it is possible to guess the secondary processing properties of ripe seeds obtained in the future.
- the expression level of the gene specified by any one of SEQ ID NOS: 1-121 in immature wheat is calculated as a ratio to the expression level of the housekeeping gene. Subsequently, the obtained expression level ratio is compared with the expression level ratio of each gene when exposed to high temperature or low temperature during the ripening period.
- the immature wheat deer is also a The secondary processing properties are similar to the secondary processing properties of fully-ripened seeds that can also be obtained from wheat cultivars exposed to high temperatures during the ripening period, i.e., reduced udon suitability, reduced dough characteristics, and dough strength S it can.
- the immature wheat moss can be estimated to be similar to the secondary calorie properties of the fully matured seeds obtained from wheat cultivars exposed to low temperatures during the ripening period, that is, the bread making ability and the udon suitability are reduced.
- the ratio of the gene expression level specified by the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 to the ubiquitin gene expression level is 0.06 to 0.24 times, the base of SEQ ID NO: 8
- the ratio of the gene expression level specified by the sequence is 0.8 to 3.2 times
- the ratio of the gene expression level specified by the sequence number 34 is 0.45: L 8 times and the base number of SEQ ID NO: 48
- the ratio of the gene expression level specified by the sequence is 0.24 times or more and the ratio of the gene expression level specified by the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 45 is 0.0015 to 0.006 times, then a mature seed obtained in the future It can be inferred that the properties of the seeds are those of the fully matured seeds obtained from wheat cultivars exposed to high temperatures during the ripening period.
- it has a characteristic that it has a large amount of glutenin polymer with a high ratio of glutenin, a high protein content, a low glutenin Z gliadin ratio, a high amylose content, a high side chain length of a high amylose content, and a long side chain length. Can be estimated.
- the ratio of the gene expression level specified by the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 to the expression level of ubiquitin gene is 0.24 times or more, and the gene specified by the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 8
- the ratio of expression levels is 3.2 times or more
- the ratio of gene expression levels specified by the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 34 is 0.45 times or less
- the ratio of gene expression levels specified by the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 48 is 0.06 times or less
- ratio of gene expression level specified by the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 45 If it is 0.0015 times or less, it can be determined that the properties of mature seeds obtained in the future have the secondary processing properties of mature seeds that can also be obtained in wheat at low temperatures during the ripening period.
- amylose and amylopectin have low molecular weight because amylose and amylopectin, which have low amylose content, short side chain length, low starch gelatinization temperature, low protein content, and low starch content. Can be estimated.
- the present invention also relates to a kit for estimating secondary cache properties in mature wheat seeds using immature wheat.
- the kit comprises at least one primer selected from a primer having a length of 10 to 40 bases for specifically amplifying a gene identified by any one of the base sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 1-121, and Z or the above At least one probe selected from probes having a length of 10 to 40 bases that specifically hybridize to a gene specified by any one of the base sequences of SEQ ID NOS: 1-121.
- the kit of the present invention includes a primer, it further includes a buffer constituting the reaction solution, a dNTP mixture, enzymes (such as reverse transcriptase and RNaseH), and a standard sample for calibration. Also good.
- a probe it may further include a cell, an hybridization buffer, a washing buffer, a microplate, a nylon membrane, and the like.
- a primer for specifically amplifying a housekeeping gene such as a ubiquitin gene and / or a probe that specifically hybridizes to the housekeeping gene may be included.
- Hi-CEP High Coverage Expression Profiling
- Double-stranded cDNA using Superscript TM Double-strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (Invitrogen) with oligo dT (5, 1 biotin 1 ⁇ —3,) with biotin at the end as a primer was synthesized.
- Mspl After digesting this double-stranded cDNA with the restriction enzyme Mspl, add the Mspl adapter (5'-AATGGCTAC ACG AAC TCGGTTCATGACA-3, and 5, CGTGTCATGAACCGAGTTCGTGTA GCCATT-3), and add avidin magnetic particles (Dynabeads M— 280 Streptavid in; Dynal) was used to collect only the poly A side fragments.
- Primers were designed to bind to the adapter and PCR was performed. At that time, the end of the primer was designed to protrude 2 bases to the cDNA fragment side, and all 16 patterns were performed. In addition, fluorescent labeling using FAM was performed on the Mspl primer. Primers used Mspl primer (5, -F AM -ACTCGGTTC ATG A CACGGNN-3,) and Msel-primer (5,1 AGGCGTCCTACTGCGTAANN-3) as fluorescent primers, PCR cycle is 95 ° C-1 min: 1 Cycle (95 ° C—20 seconds, 71.5 ° C—30 seconds, 72 ° C—1 minute): 28 cycles, 60 ° C—30 minutes: 1 cycle.
- Table 2 shows data obtained as a result of the expression analysis.
- the sequence numbers in the table correspond to the sequence numbers in the sequence table.
- the column labeled “Characteristics and Magnification” the behavior (increase or decrease in the amount of expression compared to the control) and the change The magnification is shown.
- SEQ ID NO: 1 A gene encoding amylase (SEQ ID NO: 1), gene encoding catalase (SEQ ID NO: 8), gene encoding a-, ⁇ -gliadin (SEQ ID NO: 34), gene encoding heat shock protein 70 kDa (SEQ ID NO: 34) SEQ ID NO: 48), a gene encoding ⁇ -gliadin (SEQ ID NO: 45).
- the expression levels of these target genes in wheat (T. aestivum L.) seeds on the 15th day after flowering were quantified.
- Primer Express Ver. 2 gene analysis software primer
- the precipitate was dried with a desiccator and dissolved in 100 ⁇ 1 DEPC-treated water.
- the extracted RNA was electrophoresed using a denaturing gel, and the soundness was evaluated by the presence of ribosomal RNA.
- the concentration was measured with a spectrophotometer in preparation for reverse transcription real-time PCR.
- cDNA was synthesized by using Superscript TM Double-strand cDNA Synthesis Kit manufactured by Invitrogen, using total RNA as a template. The synthesis was according to the attached manual, but oligo-dT primer was used as a primer.
- the ubiquitin gene was used as an internal standard gene whose expression level did not vary depending on the yarn and weaving or growth stage. Quantitative PCR was performed with internal standards at several concentration ranges, and a calibration curve was obtained to determine an appropriate concentration range. The most appropriate concentration solution was used as a template for the target quantitative PCR method. Quantitative PCR is performed in 96-well plates, and each sample is I used 4 wells. Table 4 shows the composition of the reaction solution in each well.
- Quantitative PCR was performed using a PRISM 7700 Sequense detector. The cycle was 50 ° C for 2 minutes, 95 ° C for 10 minutes, (95 ° C for 15 seconds, 60 ° C for 1 minute) x40 cycles. The obtained results were standardized using 18s ribosomal RNA.
- Starch and protein characteristics of the ripe wheat seeds finally harvested were analyzed.
- the analysis items are amylose content, amylopectin side chain length, protein content, and the ratio of glutenin to gliadin. Each measurement method is shown below.
- the isoamylase-treated starch sample was dissolved in 0.4M NaOH, and impurities were removed with a filter.
- the sample was subjected to an anion exchange chromatograph (HPAE-PAD) equipped with a pulse current titrator.
- HPAE-PAD anion exchange chromatograph
- glucose, maltose, maltotriose, maltotetraose, etc. were similarly subjected to HPAE-PAD, and the amylopectin chain lengths of each sample were compared.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/662,781 US7598038B2 (en) | 2004-09-17 | 2005-09-15 | Method for estimating end use qualities of wheat at growth stage |
AU2005283442A AU2005283442B2 (en) | 2004-09-17 | 2005-09-15 | Method of estimating the secondary processing properties of wheat in growth stage |
JP2006535190A JP4764343B2 (ja) | 2004-09-17 | 2005-09-15 | 成長段階でコムギの二次加工性状を推定する方法 |
DE602005017925T DE602005017925D1 (de) | 2004-09-17 | 2005-09-15 | Verfahren zur abschätzung der sekundären verarbeitungseigenschaften von weizen auf der anzuchtstufe |
CA2580416A CA2580416C (en) | 2004-09-17 | 2005-09-15 | Method for estimating end use qualities of wheat at growth stage |
EP05783246A EP1806412B1 (en) | 2004-09-17 | 2005-09-15 | Method of estimating the secondary processing properties of wheat in growth stage |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004-271391 | 2004-09-17 | ||
JP2004271391 | 2004-09-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006030846A1 true WO2006030846A1 (ja) | 2006-03-23 |
Family
ID=36060096
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2005/017009 WO2006030846A1 (ja) | 2004-09-17 | 2005-09-15 | 成長段階でコムギの二次加工性状を推定する方法 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7598038B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1806412B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4764343B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2005283442B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2580416C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602005017925D1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006030846A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2016067282A (ja) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-05-09 | 日清製粉株式会社 | 小麦の生地伸展性の判定方法 |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2692710A1 (en) * | 2007-07-17 | 2009-01-22 | Grain Foods Crc Ltd | Genetic basis for improved milling performance |
NL1034267C2 (nl) * | 2007-08-17 | 2009-02-18 | Stichting Tech Wetenschapp | Werkwijze voor het meten van zaadkwaliteit. |
EP3042571A1 (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-07-13 | Anabio Technologies Limited | A solution of denatured pea protein, and uses thereof to form microbeads |
CN109452652A (zh) | 2014-12-15 | 2019-03-12 | 安纳生物科技有限公司 | 耐胃微胶囊及其在刺激哺乳动物内回肠glp-1释放的用途 |
WO2017173318A1 (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-05 | Kansas State University Research Foundation | Genes and markers for increasing resistance to fusarium head blight disease and uses thereof |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5474796A (en) * | 1991-09-04 | 1995-12-12 | Protogene Laboratories, Inc. | Method and apparatus for conducting an array of chemical reactions on a support surface |
JP3170595B2 (ja) | 1992-10-15 | 2001-05-28 | 農林水産省東北農業試験場長 | Wx遺伝子発現の確認方法およびモチコムギの作出方法 |
JP3641313B2 (ja) | 1996-01-18 | 2005-04-20 | 独立行政法人農業・生物系特定産業技術研究機構 | パン類用穀粉及びパン類 |
NZ334036A (en) | 1996-08-22 | 2000-05-26 | Univ Florida | Transformed wheat having improved breadmaking characteristics from the insertion of the 1Ax1 promoter and a protein derived from HMW-GS |
JP2003284598A (ja) | 2002-03-29 | 2003-10-07 | Nisshin Seifun Group Inc | 部分的モチコムギの検出方法 |
-
2005
- 2005-09-15 AU AU2005283442A patent/AU2005283442B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-09-15 CA CA2580416A patent/CA2580416C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-09-15 US US11/662,781 patent/US7598038B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-09-15 DE DE602005017925T patent/DE602005017925D1/de active Active
- 2005-09-15 JP JP2006535190A patent/JP4764343B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-09-15 WO PCT/JP2005/017009 patent/WO2006030846A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-09-15 EP EP05783246A patent/EP1806412B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
ALTENBACH S.B.: "Quantification of individual low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit transcripts in developing wheat grains by competitive RT-PCR", THEOR. APPL. GENET., vol. 97, no. 3, 1998, pages 413 - 421, XP002993800 * |
BAULCOMBE D.C. ET AL: "A novel wheat alpha-amylase gene (alpha-Amy3)", MOL. GEN. GENET., vol. 209, no. 1, 1987, pages 33 - 40, XP002994801 * |
See also references of EP1806412A4 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2016067282A (ja) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-05-09 | 日清製粉株式会社 | 小麦の生地伸展性の判定方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20080213758A1 (en) | 2008-09-04 |
EP1806412B1 (en) | 2009-11-25 |
AU2005283442B2 (en) | 2009-04-30 |
AU2005283442A1 (en) | 2006-03-23 |
US7598038B2 (en) | 2009-10-06 |
JPWO2006030846A1 (ja) | 2008-05-15 |
CA2580416A1 (en) | 2006-03-23 |
CA2580416C (en) | 2013-05-14 |
EP1806412A1 (en) | 2007-07-11 |
DE602005017925D1 (de) | 2010-01-07 |
JP4764343B2 (ja) | 2011-08-31 |
EP1806412A4 (en) | 2009-01-21 |
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