WO2006018956A1 - 誘電体レンズを用いた装置 - Google Patents
誘電体レンズを用いた装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006018956A1 WO2006018956A1 PCT/JP2005/013743 JP2005013743W WO2006018956A1 WO 2006018956 A1 WO2006018956 A1 WO 2006018956A1 JP 2005013743 W JP2005013743 W JP 2005013743W WO 2006018956 A1 WO2006018956 A1 WO 2006018956A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- dielectric
- dielectric lens
- focal length
- reflector
- lens
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/06—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
- H01Q19/062—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens for focusing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/02—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism
- H01Q15/08—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism formed of solid dielectric material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/23—Combinations of reflecting surfaces with refracting or diffracting devices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a dielectric lens device using a dielectric lens transparent to electromagnetic waves, in particular, a dielectric lens suitable for a microwave band, a millimeter wave band, and a light wave band.
- the present invention relates to reflectors, generators and traffic lights as devices in the field of application.
- electromagnetic waves propagating in space include long waves, medium waves, microwaves, millimeter waves, as well as infrared rays, ultraviolet rays, X-rays and gamma rays, and each band is applied in various fields.
- electromagnetic waves those in the wavelength range of 380 to 760 mm, that is, in the light wave band, the human eye feels brightness as light. And now it is starting to be used in the field of electromagnetic wave communication from millimeter wave band to light wave band.
- a reflector made of metal is often used to reflect electromagnetic waves.
- this reflector In the case of a soner cube, it is required to have a high degree of angular accuracy to form a right angle and a high surface smoothness to form a smooth surface.
- an omnidirectional dielectric lens used in a wavelength band longer than the millimeter wave band that is, a so-called radio wave band
- the antenna device 111 is formed by filling a foam material between the spherical lens 114 and the radome 133 to form a foam material layer 134, thereby connecting the two.
- the antenna device has a structure in which a lens 114 is held from a radome 133.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-102857
- radome 133 in FIG. 25 and FRP used as a surface protection material for general radomes have excellent performance as a structural material that is lightweight and strong against tension, bending, and compression.
- FRP the density of glass fiber, which is one of the compositions, is generated in the manufacturing process. Due to the density of this glass fiber, a situation occurs in which the dielectric constant is different between the glass fiber, which is also one of the compositions of FRP.
- the dielectric constants of the compositions constituting the FRP are different, especially in the case of electromagnetic waves with wavelengths shorter than the millimeter wave band (frequency 30 to 300 GHz), the scattering of electromagnetic waves incident on the antenna arranged in the radome The problem that the loss of electromagnetic waves further increases remarkably occurs.
- a surface protection material such as FRP having a uniform composition on the entire surface of the radome, and there are cases where the beam characteristics of incident radio waves differ depending on the frequency.
- the polystyrene foam used in the foam material layer 134 in FIG. 25 is also shorter than the millimeter wave band (frequency 30 to 300 GHz), and there is a problem that the loss of received electromagnetic waves increases.
- For electromagnetic waves in the short wavelength band there are conflicting technical issues between the loss of the electromagnetic waves and the mechanical strength of the member, particularly at the antenna opening.
- the invention according to claim 1 includes a dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, a hollow inside, and a radial force on one surface of the hollow that has a radius equal to the focal length of the dielectric lens.
- the dielectric shell and the dielectric shell so that the dielectric shell is located at a position along the focal length in a state where the dielectric lens is encapsulated in the inner central portion of the dielectric shell.
- This is a device using a dielectric lens composed of a holding mechanism for positioning and holding the body lens.
- the dielectric lens and the dielectric shell are both formed of a transparent member, the dielectric lens and the dielectric shell function not only in the millimeter wave band but also as a lens having omnidirectionality with respect to electromagnetic waves in the light wave band.
- the surface of the dielectric shell located at the focal length of the dielectric lens can be provided with a reflector for reflecting electromagnetic waves and an electromagnetic wave receiving unit for receiving electromagnetic waves at any location in all directions of 360 degrees.
- a device that reflects or receives electromagnetic waves having omnidirectionality can be configured. Also, it does not require a power source and can be used semi-permanently once installed.
- the dielectric lens since the dielectric lens is held firmly in a fixed state by a holding device inside the dielectric shell, the dielectric lens does not move inside even when it is carried or vibrations caused by earthquakes, etc. No damage, mechanical deformation, etc. occur. Furthermore, the surface of the dielectric lens is not damaged by external factors such as wind and rain, or sudden events during measurement, and mechanical deformation does not occur. Therefore, as a radio wave lens for incident electromagnetic waves No distortion occurs. Furthermore, the focal length with respect to the incident electromagnetic wave does not fluctuate. In addition, there is an effect that the entire device is less robust to the influence of shielding, absorption and scattering of radio waves by the dielectric shell, and is robust and lightweight.
- the invention according to claim 2 is a dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, and has a hollow inside and a radial force of one of the hollow spherical surfaces equal to the focal length of the dielectric lens.
- the dielectric lens is a device using a dielectric lens with a single structure formed of a transparent dielectric with a relative dielectric constant of 3.5 or less. is there.
- the invention according to claim 3 includes a dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, a hollow inside, and a radial force on one surface of the hollow that has a radius equal to the focal length of the dielectric lens.
- the dielectric shell and the dielectric shell so that the dielectric shell is located at a position along the focal length in a state where the dielectric lens is encapsulated in the inner central portion of the dielectric shell.
- the dielectric lens has a single structure formed of a transparent dielectric shell having a relative dielectric constant of 3.5 or less, and is at least one surface of the dielectric shell or a dielectric material. This is an apparatus using a dielectric lens provided with a dielectric film formed of a transparent dielectric material having a relative dielectric constant of 1 or more and smaller than the dielectric constant of the dielectric lens or dielectric shell.
- the invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to claim 2 and claim 3, wherein the dielectric shell is a transparent dielectric member, and has a multilayer structure formed concentrically with a gap therebetween.
- the radius of one surface of the dielectric shell of the multilayer structure is equal to the focal length of the dielectric lens
- the holding mechanism has a radius of one spherical surface of the dielectric shell of the multilayer structure.
- This device uses a dielectric lens formed so as to position and hold a multilayered dielectric shell and a dielectric lens so as to be positioned at the focal length of the dielectric lens.
- the dielectric lens transparent to the electromagnetic wave, and the inside is hollow, and the radial force of one surface of the hollow is equal to the focal length of the dielectric lens.
- a transparent dielectric shell having a radius, and the dielectric shell is located at a position along the focal length in a state where a dielectric lens is included in the inner central portion of the dielectric shell.
- the holding mechanism for positioning and holding the body shell and the dielectric lens, and the radius of each surface of the dielectric shell was a dielectric lens having a radius greater than the distance calculated from the focal length of the dielectric lens.
- the invention according to claim 6 is an apparatus using the dielectric lens according to claims 1 and 2, wherein the dielectric lens is provided with a reflector that reflects electromagnetic waves at the focal length of the dielectric lens. is there.
- the invention according to claim 7 is the apparatus according to claim 1 and claim 2, wherein the dielectric lens is provided with an electromagnetic wave receiving unit that receives an electromagnetic wave at a focal length of the dielectric lens. It is.
- the invention according to claim 8 is the invention according to claim 1 and claim 2, wherein a reflector for reflecting electromagnetic waves and an electromagnetic wave receiving unit for receiving electromagnetic waves are provided at the focal length of the dielectric lens. This is an apparatus using a dielectric lens.
- the invention according to claim 9 includes a dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, a hollow inside, and a radial force on one surface of the hollow that is equal to the focal length of the dielectric lens.
- the dielectric shell and the dielectric shell so that the dielectric shell is located at a position along the focal length in a state where the dielectric lens is encapsulated in the inner central portion of the dielectric shell.
- This is a device that uses a holding mechanism for positioning and holding the body lens and a dielectric lens made of polycarbonate resin with a thickness of the dielectric shell of 3 mm or less.
- the dielectric shell is formed of polycarbonate resin of 3 mm or less, it is highly resistant to local weighting. The degree of weatherability can be maintained while maintaining the degree.
- the invention according to claim 10 includes a dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, a hollow inside, and a radial force on one surface of the hollow that is equal to the focal length of the dielectric lens.
- the device uses a holding mechanism for positioning and holding the dielectric lens, and a dielectric lens made of acrylic resin having a dielectric shell thickness of 3 mm or less.
- the dielectric shell is formed of acrylic resin having a thickness of 3 mm or less. Strength can be maintained and weather resistance can be maintained.
- the invention according to claim 11 is a dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, and has a hollow inside and a radial force on one surface of the hollow that is equal to the focal length of the dielectric lens.
- the holding mechanism that positions and holds the shell and the dielectric lens, and the dielectric lens is a single structure formed of a transparent dielectric having a relative dielectric constant of 3.5 or less, and the thickness of the dielectric shell is 3 mm or less. This is a device using a dielectric lens formed of polycarbonate resin.
- the dielectric shell is made of a polycarbonate resin having a thickness of 3 mm or less.
- high strength can be maintained and weather resistance can be maintained.
- the invention according to claim 12 includes a dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves and a hollow inside, and a radial force on one surface of the hollow that is equal to a focal length of the dielectric lens.
- the dielectric shell having a transparent dielectric shell and a dielectric lens in the center of the dielectric shell, and the dielectric shell positioned at a position along the focal length.
- the dielectric lens is a single structure formed of a transparent dielectric with a relative dielectric constant of 3.5 or less, and the thickness of the dielectric shell is 3 mm or less. It is an apparatus using a dielectric lens formed of acrylic resin.
- the dielectric shell is made of acrylic resin having a thickness of 3 mm or less.
- high strength can be maintained and weather resistance can be maintained.
- the invention according to claim 13 is an apparatus using the dielectric lens according to claim 2, claim 11, or claim 12, wherein the dielectric lens is formed of transparent polystyrene resin. .
- the invention according to claim 14 is a dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, a reflector that reflects the electromagnetic waves provided at the focal length of the dielectric lens, and the reflector is used to focus the dielectric lens. Consisting of means for positioning and holding at a point distance,
- the means for positioning and holding the reflector at the focal length of the dielectric lens is a hollow member that has an inner diameter or an outer diameter that is equal to the focal length, and is transparent to electromagnetic waves and can accommodate the dielectric lens inside. Position the dielectric shell and the dielectric lens so that the dielectric shell is positioned in a position along the focal length with the dielectric shell enclosing the dielectric lens.
- This is a device (hereinafter referred to as a reflector) that reflects electromagnetic waves using a dielectric lens in which one or both of the two or both of a liquid crystal and a liquid crystal are arranged.
- the lens acts as a lens not only on the millimeter wave band but also on an electromagnetic wave in the light wave band, so that a non-powered reflector can be obtained. Furthermore, a reflector having a coloring function for reflecting an arbitrary color can be obtained by arbitrarily selecting a color filter or liquid crystal color disposed on the reflecting surface of the reflector. In addition, since no power supply is required, once installed, it can be used semipermanently. Furthermore, since the periphery of the dielectric lens is surrounded by a dielectric shell that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, the surface of the lens is protected, and damage, damage, mechanical deformation, etc. may occur.
- the invention according to claim 15 is a dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, a reflector that reflects the electromagnetic waves provided at the focal length of the dielectric lens, and the reflector is used to focus the dielectric lens. Consisting of means for positioning and holding at a point distance,
- the means for positioning and holding the reflector at the focal length of the dielectric lens is formed of a member transparent to electromagnetic waves, has an inner diameter or an outer diameter equal to the focal length, and is a hollow that can accommodate a plurality of dielectric lenses. And the cylindrical container and the cylindrical container so as to be positioned at positions along the focal length of each dielectric lens in a state in which the cylindrical container encloses the dielectric lens, respectively. It is a reflector using a dielectric lens having a holding mechanism for positioning and holding the dielectric lens.
- a long and rod-shaped reflector having an arbitrary length can be manufactured, so that it can be used as a non-powered road sign installed on a road. Moreover, since no power source is required, once installed, it can be used semipermanently. Therefore, it can be installed as a road sign or as a guide light in places such as mountainous areas and deserts where no feeder is installed. In addition, it is possible to easily set up a temporary taxiway even in places where there is no airport. When used in radar equipment, it can also be used as a marker for automatically guiding moving objects.
- the invention according to claim 16 is a dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, a reflector that reflects electromagnetic waves provided at the focal length of the dielectric lens, and the reflector is used to focus the dielectric lens. Consisting of means for positioning and holding at a point distance, The reflector is a reflector using a dielectric lens having a function of detecting the reflection direction of the reflected electromagnetic wave from the slit using a reflector having a slit or a reflector in which metal pieces are placed apart from each other. is there.
- the distance, direction, and the like are measured from the reflected wave with reference to the slit gap and slit direction or the metal piece interval. I can do it.
- a reflector having a function of detecting the reflection direction from the electromagnetic wave reflected from the slit can be obtained.
- the invention according to claim 17 is a dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, a reflector that reflects the electromagnetic waves provided at the focal length of the dielectric lens, and the reflector is used to focus the dielectric lens. Consisting of means for positioning and holding at a point distance,
- the means for positioning and holding the reflector at the focal length of the dielectric lens includes the dielectric lens, and the dielectric is arranged so that the reflector is positioned at a position along the focal length of the dielectric lens at one end.
- the reflector has a holding mechanism for positioning and holding the lens and the other end is open, and is a reflector using a dielectric lens as a case covered with a lid formed of a member transparent to electromagnetic waves.
- the invention according to claim 18 is a dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, a reflector that reflects the electromagnetic waves provided at the focal length of the dielectric lens, and the reflector is used to focus the dielectric lens. Consisting of means for positioning and holding at a point distance,
- the reflector is provided with an electrically controlled reflector capable of controlling electromagnetic waves, and a reflector using a dielectric lens provided with a solar cell serving as a power source for the electrically controlled reflector.
- the electric control reflector that electrically controls the electromagnetic waves is supplied with solar power permanently. Therefore, a normal power supply is not required, and once installed, half the power is supplied.
- a reflector having a permanent unpowered electrical control function is obtained. Therefore, it can be installed in any place such as in the mountains or in the desert, and a temporary runway can be easily set up even in places where there is no airport.
- radar equipment it can also be used as a marker for automatic guidance. It can also be used as a radio lamp on the ground or at sea or as a distance marker.
- the invention according to claim 19 is the invention according to claim 15 to claim 17, wherein one or both of a color filter and a liquid crystal is arranged on the reflecting surface of the reflector.
- the invention according to claim 20 includes a dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, a reflector that reflects the electromagnetic waves provided at the focal length of the dielectric lens, and the reflector is used to focus the dielectric lens. Consisting of means for positioning and holding at a point distance,
- the means for positioning and holding the reflector at the focal length of the dielectric lens is a hollow member that has an inner diameter or an outer diameter that is equal to the focal length, and is transparent to electromagnetic waves and can accommodate the dielectric lens inside. Position the dielectric shell and the dielectric lens so that the dielectric shell is positioned in a position along the focal length with the dielectric shell enclosing the dielectric lens. If the reflective surface of the reflector has either a color filter or liquid crystal! /, Or one or both of them, and the liquid crystal is placed on the reflective surface of the reflector, It is the reflector using the dielectric lens which arrange
- liquid crystal power source is fed from a solar cell, so that it does not require a special power source and can be used semipermanently. I can do it.
- a dielectric lens transparent to the electromagnetic wave a reflector that reflects the electromagnetic wave provided at a focal length of the dielectric lens, and the reflector is a focal point of the dielectric lens. Consisting of means for positioning and holding at a distance,
- the reflector is provided with an electrically controlled reflector that can control electromagnetic waves, and this electrical control
- a solar cell serving as a power source for the reflector is disposed, and the means for positioning and holding the reflector at the focal length of the dielectric lens is a member that has an inner diameter or an outer diameter equal to the focal length and is transparent to electromagnetic waves.
- a hollow dielectric shell that can accommodate a dielectric lens therein, and the dielectric shell enclosing the dielectric lens so that the dielectric shell is positioned at a position along the focal length. This is a reflector using a dielectric lens having a holding mechanism for positioning and holding the dielectric shell and the dielectric lens.
- the invention according to claim 22 is a dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, a reflector that reflects electromagnetic waves provided at the focal length of the dielectric lens, and the reflector is used to focus the dielectric lens. Consisting of means for positioning and holding at a point distance,
- the means for positioning and holding the reflector at the focal length of the dielectric lens is a hollow member that has an inner diameter or an outer diameter that is equal to the focal length, and is transparent to electromagnetic waves and can accommodate the dielectric lens inside. Position the dielectric shell and the dielectric lens so that the dielectric shell is positioned in a position along the focal length with the dielectric shell enclosing the dielectric lens.
- a holding mechanism for holding, and on the reflecting surface of the reflector, a color filter or a liquid crystal or one or both of them is arranged,
- the invention according to claim 23 is a dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, a reflector that reflects the electromagnetic waves provided at the focal length of the dielectric lens, and the reflector is used to focus the dielectric lens.
- Consisting of means for positioning and holding at a point distance The means for positioning and holding the reflector at the focal length of the dielectric lens has a bore or outer diameter, such as the focal length, and is made of a transparent member with respect to electromagnetic waves, and is formed in a hollow that can accommodate the dielectric lens inside.
- the dielectric shell and the dielectric lens are positioned and held such that the dielectric shell encloses the dielectric lens and the dielectric shell is positioned at a position along the focal length. Holding mechanism to
- the reflector uses a dielectric lens provided with a light scattering material formed of a light scattering member.
- the positioning and holding means is provided with a window, and either a color filter or a liquid crystal is provided in the window.
- a certain! / Is a reflector using a dielectric lens with both.
- the invention according to claim 25 is a dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, a generator that emits electromagnetic waves provided at the focal length of the dielectric lens, and the generator that is the focal point of the dielectric lens. Consisting of means for positioning and holding at a point distance,
- the means for positioning and holding the generator at the focal length of the dielectric lens is formed of a material transparent to electromagnetic waves, has an inner diameter or an outer diameter equal to the focal length, and is a hollow that can accommodate a plurality of dielectric lenses. And the cylindrical container and each of the cylindrical container and the cylindrical container so as to be located at positions along the focal length of each dielectric lens in a state where the cylindrical container encloses the dielectric lens.
- An apparatus for radiating electromagnetic waves using a dielectric lens hereinafter referred to as a generator having a holding mechanism for positioning and holding the dielectric lens.
- a long and rod-shaped electromagnetic wave generator having an arbitrary length can be manufactured, and thus it can be used as a road sign for transmitting a non-powered electromagnetic wave installed on a road. I can do it. Also, since no power supply is required, once installed, it can be used semipermanently. Therefore, it can be installed as a road sign or as a guidance marker in places such as mountainous areas and deserts where no feeder is installed. In addition, it is possible to easily set up a temporary taxiway even where there is no airport. In addition, when used in radar equipment, it can also be used as a marker for automatically guiding moving objects.
- the invention according to claim 26 is a dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, a generator that emits electromagnetic waves provided at the focal length of the dielectric lens, and the generator that is the focal point of the dielectric lens. Consisting of means for positioning and holding at a point distance,
- the means for positioning and holding the generator at the focal length of the dielectric lens includes the dielectric lens, and at one end, the dielectric lens is positioned so that the generator is positioned along the focal length R of the dielectric lens.
- the invention according to claim 27 is a dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, a generator that emits electromagnetic waves provided at the focal length of the dielectric lens, and the generator that is the focal point of the dielectric lens. Consisting of means for positioning and holding at a point distance,
- the means for positioning and holding the generator at the focal length of the dielectric lens is formed of a material transparent to electromagnetic waves, has an inner diameter or an outer diameter equal to the focal length, and is a hollow that can accommodate a plurality of dielectric lenses.
- the cylindrical container formed in the state where the cylindrical container encloses the dielectric lens and is located at a position along the focal length of each dielectric lens.
- the color filter is a generator using a dielectric lens in which either or both of the liquid crystals are arranged on the generation surface of the generator.
- the invention according to claim 28 includes a dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, a generator that radiates electromagnetic waves provided at a focal length of the dielectric lens, and the generator that is the focal point of the dielectric lens. Consisting of means for positioning and holding at a point distance,
- the means for positioning and holding the generator at the focal length of the dielectric lens includes the dielectric lens, and at one end, the dielectric lens is positioned so that the generator is positioned along the focal length R of the dielectric lens.
- a holding mechanism for positioning and holding the other end is open.
- the collar is a cylindrical case covered with a lid formed of a member transparent to electromagnetic waves, and a color filter is provided on the generation surface of the generator. Is a generator using a dielectric lens in which either or both of the liquid crystals are arranged.
- the invention according to claim 29 is the invention according to claim 25 and claim 28, wherein when the liquid crystal is arranged on the generating surface of the generator, a dielectric lens provided with a solar cell as a power source is used. It was a generator.
- the invention according to claim 30 is the dielectric according to the invention described in claim 25 to claim 26, wherein the positioning and holding means is provided with a sun cap that blocks sunlight rays irradiated to the dielectric lens.
- the invention according to claim 31 is the invention according to any one of claims 25 to 26, wherein a dielectric lens provided with a light scattering material formed of a light scattering member is used instead of the sunshade cap.
- the invention according to claim 32 is a dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, a generator that emits electromagnetic waves provided at the focal length of the dielectric lens, and the generator that is the focal point of the dielectric lens. Consisting of means for positioning and holding at a point distance,
- the means for positioning and holding the generator at the focal length of the dielectric lens includes the dielectric lens, and the dielectric is arranged so that the generator is positioned at a position along the focal length R of the dielectric lens at one end. It has a holding mechanism for positioning and holding the lens, and the other end is a cylindrical case covered with a lid made of a material that is open or transparent to electromagnetic waves, and a window is provided in the positioning and holding means. At the same time, there is either a color filter or a liquid crystal in this window, which is a generator using a dielectric lens in which both are arranged.
- the invention according to claim 33 is a dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, a reflector that reflects the electromagnetic waves provided at the focal length of the dielectric lens, and the reflector is used to focus the dielectric lens. Consisting of means for positioning and holding at a point distance,
- a color filter of three different colors is placed on the reflector's reflective surface, and the reflector with these three color filters arranged on the reflector's surface is positioned and held at the focal length of the dielectric lens. , Rotate three reflectors with the vertical axis as its axis of rotation Arrange the rotating mechanism to drive,
- the solar power is supplied permanently, so a normal power supply is not required, and once installed, it can be used semipermanently as a traffic light. Therefore, it can be installed in any place such as in the mountains or in the desert, and temporary traffic lights and taxiway can be easily installed even in places without roads or airports. Furthermore, it can be used as a reflector for driving control in a traffic light when a vehicle is automatically driven by a radar device mounted on the vehicle. In addition, since solar cells are used, it can be operated semipermanently as a traffic light without the need for general power supply. Once installed, a very inexpensive traffic signal can be obtained regardless of the cost of subsequent traffic signals.
- the invention according to claim 34 is a dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, a reflector that reflects the electromagnetic waves provided at the focal length of the dielectric lens, and the reflector is used to focus the dielectric lens. Consisting of means for positioning and holding at a point distance,
- a color filter of three different colors is placed on the reflector's reflective surface, and the reflector with these three color filters arranged on the reflector's surface is positioned and held at the focal length of the dielectric lens.
- a rotating mechanism that rotates the three reflectors with the vertical direction as the axis of rotation is arranged.
- the invention according to claim 35 is a dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, a reflector that reflects the electromagnetic waves provided at the focal length of the dielectric lens, and the reflector is used for the dielectric lens. Consisting of means for positioning and holding at the focal length, A color filter of three different colors is placed on the reflector's reflective surface, and the reflector with these three color filters arranged on the reflector's surface is positioned and held at the focal length of the dielectric lens. A rotating mechanism that rotates the three reflectors with the vertical direction as the axis of rotation is arranged.
- the invention according to claim 36 is a dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, a reflector that reflects electromagnetic waves provided at the focal length of the dielectric lens, and the reflector is used to focus the dielectric lens. Consisting of means for positioning and holding at a point distance,
- a color filter of three different colors is placed on the reflector's reflective surface, and the reflector with these three color filters arranged on the reflector's surface is positioned and held at the focal length of the dielectric lens.
- a rotating mechanism that rotates the three reflectors with the vertical direction as the axis of rotation is arranged.
- a window is provided as a means for positioning and holding the reflector having the color filters of three kinds of colors on the reflection surface at the focal length of the dielectric lens. It is a device as a traffic light using a dielectric lens with both.
- the color of the traffic signal for road traffic can be selected by arbitrarily selecting the color of the color filter arranged on the window.
- the traffic light of any color can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, and is a schematic view of an apparatus using a dielectric lens in which a reflector 55 is arranged.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a positional relationship between a dielectric lens 52 and a dielectric shell 53 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 shows a first embodiment of the present invention.
- acryl resin is used as the dielectric member of the dielectric shell 53
- the reflection for observing the influence of the dielectric shell 53 is shown.
- a first embodiment of the present invention which shows an electromagnetic wave attenuation characteristic by the dielectric shell 53 when a polycarbonate resin is used as the dielectric member.
- V5 A first embodiment of the present invention, which shows the attenuation characteristics of electromagnetic waves by the dielectric shell 53 when acrylic resin is used as the dielectric member.
- FIG. 8 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, and is an experimental result by a light tracking method for one section of a dielectric lens.
- FIG. 9 shows a second embodiment of the present invention and is an explanatory diagram showing a positional relationship with a dielectric lens 52, a dielectric shell 63, a reflector, and the like.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 Shows a third embodiment of the present invention, which is an optical path inside a dielectric shell.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 A fourth embodiment of the present invention, showing a relationship between a relative dielectric constant and a transmittance of a dielectric film 57.
- a fifth embodiment of the present invention which is a schematic diagram of a reflector using a dielectric lens device.
- ⁇ 16 This shows a sixth embodiment of the present invention in a cylindrical shape using a dielectric lens device. It is a schematic diagram of a long, rod-shaped reflector.
- FIG. 17 shows a seventh embodiment of the present invention and is a schematic diagram of a reflector and a generator in which a solar cell is arranged in a dielectric lens device.
- FIG. 18 shows the eighth and ninth embodiments of the present invention and is a schematic view of a reflector provided with a sun cap on a dielectric shell.
- FIG. 19 shows a tenth embodiment of the present invention and is a schematic view of a reflector in which a dielectric lens device is housed in a case.
- FIG. 20 shows a tenth embodiment of the present invention and is a schematic view of a reflector in which a dielectric lens device is housed in a large case.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing the principle when a hemispherical shape is used as a dielectric lens.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing the principle when a hemispherical shape is used as a dielectric lens.
- FIG. 23 shows an eleventh embodiment of the present invention, and is a schematic diagram of a reflector 110 having reflectors 115a to 115c provided with color filters of three kinds of colors as reflectors.
- FIG. 25 is a perspective view showing a conventional example.
- a dielectric lens having a relative dielectric constant of 3.5 or less As a transparent dielectric member having a small dielectric loss, a dielectric lens having a relative dielectric constant of 3.5 or less, a transparent dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, and a transparent dielectric member having a small dielectric loss.
- a dielectric member is formed in a hollow inside, and a dielectric shell having a radius equal to the focal length of the radial force induction lens of either one of the hollow surfaces, and a dielectric at the inner center of the dielectric shell
- a dielectric lens having a holding mechanism for positioning and holding the dielectric shell and the dielectric lens is used so that the dielectric shell is located at a position along the focal length in a state of including the lens. apparatus.
- a device using a dielectric lens provided with a reflector for reflecting electromagnetic waves and an electromagnetic wave receiving unit for receiving electromagnetic waves along the focal length of the dielectric lens of this device is made of 3 mm or less polycarbonate resin or 3 mm or less acrylic resin.
- the dielectric lens is made of transparent polystyrene resin.
- the means for positioning and holding the reflector at the focal length of the dielectric lens is a hollow member that has an inner diameter or an outer diameter equal to the focal length and is transparent to electromagnetic waves and can accommodate the dielectric lens inside.
- the dielectric shell and the dielectric shell enclosing the dielectric lens so that the dielectric shell is located at a position along the focal length.
- the means for positioning and holding the reflector at the focal length of the dielectric lens is formed of a member that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, has an inner diameter or an outer diameter equal to the focal length, and houses a plurality of dielectric lenses therein.
- a hollow cylindrical container that can be formed, and the cylindrical container so that the cylindrical container includes the dielectric lens and is located at a position along the focal length of each dielectric lens.
- a holding mechanism for positioning and holding each dielectric lens A reflector using the dielectric lens.
- the reflector is provided with an electric control reflector capable of controlling electromagnetic waves, and a reflector using a dielectric lens provided with a solar cell as a power source of the electric control reflector.
- a heat-preventing reflector made of a material that scatters light instead of a sun cap.
- the means for positioning and holding the generator at the focal length of the dielectric lens is formed of a material transparent to electromagnetic waves, has an inner diameter or an outer diameter equal to the focal length, and houses a plurality of dielectric lenses inside.
- a dielectric lens having a holding mechanism for positioning and holding each dielectric lens.
- a dielectric lens that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, a reflector that reflects an electromagnetic wave provided at the focal length of the dielectric lens, and a means for positioning and holding the reflector at the focal length of the dielectric lens
- the color filter of the three colors is arranged on the reflection surface of the reflector, and the reflector having the three color filters arranged on the reflection surface is positioned and held at the focal length of the dielectric lens.
- a rotating lens that rotates the reflector with a color filter of three different colors arranged on the reflecting surface with the vertical axis as the rotation axis is arranged, and a dielectric lens provided with a solar cell that supplies power to the rotating mechanism.
- the shape of the dielectric lens may be any force as long as the electromagnetic wave converges to the focal point, such as a hemispherical shape that is not limited to the force formed in a spherical shape.
- FIGS. 1 to 7 show a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus using a dielectric lens in which a reflector 55 is arranged in a dielectric lens apparatus 51.
- Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the positional relationship between the dielectric lens 52 and the dielectric shell 53
- Fig. 3 shows the effect of the dielectric shell 53 when polycarbonate resin is used as the dielectric member of the dielectric shell 53.
- the vertical axis shows the attenuation value (dB) and the horizontal axis shows the incident angle (°) of the electromagnetic wave.
- Figures 4 to 5 show the attenuation characteristics of the electromagnetic wave due to the dielectric shell 53 with the frequency of the electromagnetic wave as a parameter.
- the vertical axis shows the transmission loss (dB) and the horizontal axis shows the plate thickness (mm) of the dielectric member.
- Fig. 4 shows the case where polycarbonate resin is used as the dielectric member
- Fig. 7 shows the case where acrylic resin is used as the dielectric member.
- Figures 6 to 7 show the results of experiments to find a dielectric member that can be used as a transparent dielectric member with a small dielectric loss.
- Fig. 6 shows the results when the relative dielectric constant is 3.5.
- 7 shows the case where the relative permittivity is 4.0. 1 to 2
- the dielectric lens device 51 basically includes a dielectric lens 52, a dielectric shell 53 containing the dielectric lens 52, and the dielectric lens 52.
- the body shell 53 and the dielectric lens 52 are positioned, and a holding mechanism 54 for holding and fixing is provided.
- the dielectric lens 52 is formed into a spherical shape using transparent polystyrene resin as a transparent dielectric member having a small dielectric loss, and is formed of electromagnetic waves (radio waves and electromagnetic waves). It is formed so that it is refracted and converged to the focal point F when the light wave passes.
- the dielectric lens 52 since the dielectric lens 52 is entirely transparent and spherical, it has omnidirectionality with respect to electromagnetic waves, that is, not only in the radio wave band but also in the light wave band. .
- a dielectric member that can be used as a member of a dielectric lens
- the inventors use a plurality of dielectric lenses having different relative dielectric constants, and the effects due to differences in relative dielectric constants.
- the analysis results are shown in Figs. Fig. 6 shows the case where the relative dielectric constant is 3.5
- Fig. 7 shows the case where the relative dielectric constant is 4.0.
- the relative permittivity is 3.5
- the focal point is located on the surface of the dielectric lens as shown in FIG. 6, and when the relative permittivity is 4.0, as shown in FIG.
- the focal point is located inside the dielectric lens. Therefore, it was found that when the relative dielectric constant is 3.5 or less, it can be used as a dielectric lens according to the present invention.
- the dielectric shell 53 is formed in a hollow spherical shape using a transparent dielectric member having a small dielectric loss, and further, the radius of the inner spherical surface or outer spherical surface of the dielectric shell 53, that is, The radial force of one spherical surface of the dielectric shell 53 is formed in a spherical shape having a radius equal to the focal length R of the dielectric lens 52.
- a dielectric lens 52 is fixed to the holding mechanism 54 at the inner center of the dielectric shell 53, and one of the spherical surfaces of the dielectric shell 53 is a dielectric lens. Positioned by the holding mechanism 54 so as to be positioned along the focal length R of 52.
- the holding mechanism 54 uses a transparent dielectric member having a small dielectric loss, as shown in FIG. 1, and has a spherical shape that matches the inner diameter of the dielectric shell 53 at the lower end. In addition, a concave portion that holds the lower end portion of the dielectric lens 52 in a fitted state is provided at the central portion of the cut surface.
- the holding mechanism 54 is not included in this embodiment. In a state where the dielectric lens 52 is included in the inner central portion of the dielectric shell 53 without limitation, and either spherical surface of the dielectric shell 53 is positioned at a position along the focal length R, Any structure may be used as long as the dielectric shell 53 and the dielectric lens 52 can be positioned and held.
- [0101] 55 is a reflector that reflects electromagnetic waves, and is placed on the inner spherical surface or outer spherical surface of the dielectric shell 53 located at the focal length R of the dielectric lens 52; It has been.
- 58 is a sun cap, and since the dielectric shell 53 is disposed at the focal length R of the dielectric lens 52, the dielectric lens 52 is used when the dielectric lens device 51 is used in the light wave band. As a result, the light beam is focused on the surface of the dielectric shell 53 (focal point F), and the dielectric shell 53 is heated. For this reason, the sun rays from above are blocked.
- an electromagnetic wave receiving unit 59 that receives a signal converged at the focal point F may be provided at the focal length R of the dielectric lens 52 instead of the reflector 55. In that case, a dielectric lens device having a receiving function can be obtained. In addition, a reflector may be disposed at the focal length R of the dielectric lens 52 in addition to the electromagnetic wave receiving unit. In this case, a dielectric lens device having a reflecting function and a receiving function is obtained.
- the inventors conducted the induction in the case where acrylic resin was used as the dielectric member of the dielectric shell 53. Measurements were made to observe the effect of body shell 53 on electromagnetic waves. As electromagnetic wave, it measured using millimeter wave.
- the vertical axis indicates the attenuation value (dB)
- the horizontal axis indicates the incident angle (°) of the electromagnetic wave
- the solid line indicates data indicating the presence of the dielectric shell 53 of the dielectric lens device 51.
- the broken line is data showing the case of only the dielectric lens 52 formed by the dielectric shell 53.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram shown in FIGS.
- the dielectric shell 53 is formed by using polycarbonate resin as a dielectric member of the dielectric shell 53, and the thickness of each of the samples having a thickness of 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, and 3.5 mm is measured. Transmission loss was measured using frequency as a parameter. The results are shown in Fig. 6. In Fig. 4, the measurement results for the electromagnetic wave frequency are 76GHz for- ⁇ - ⁇ - ⁇ -, 85GHz for -country-country- ⁇ -, and 94GHz for- ⁇ - ⁇ -, respectively. Respectively.
- the second embodiment of the present invention is a problem when the dielectric lens device 51 is used in the light wave band. This will be described below with reference to FIGS. Figures 8 to 9 show the results of an optical tracking experiment conducted on one section of the dielectric lens. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are given the same names and the same numbers, and the description thereof is omitted.
- Example 1 since the dielectric shell 53 is disposed at the focal length R of the dielectric lens 52, when the dielectric lens device 51 is used in the light wave band, the dielectric lens 52 causes the light beam to pass through. Is converged on the surface of the dielectric shell 53 and the dielectric shell 53 is heated. This is not a problem when the received energy is low, but it is a problem when the received energy is large.
- the aperture position at which the aperture surface efficiency is approximately 50% (the distance at which 50% of the incident energy gathers in a specific area and the position where the incident angle is 70% * 70% as shown in Fig. 8 is a. If the energy density in the same area at the position of the force b is approximately halved as a result of calculating the offset amount at the focal point position a in order to reduce the energy density at the position a, this positional relationship is established. If a dielectric lens and a dielectric shell are installed, it is possible to prevent unexpected burns caused by sunlight.
- the radius of both the inner spherical surface and the outer spherical surface of the dielectric shell 63 is longer than the focal length R of the dielectric lens 52. It is formed in a spherical shape with Therefore, the light beam converged by the dielectric lens 52 is converged at a position deviated from any spherical surface of the dielectric shell 63. In the case of this embodiment, it is formed so as to be converged between the dielectric shell 63 and the dielectric lens 52. Therefore, it is safe that any spherical surface of the dielectric shell 63 is not heated.
- the dielectric shells 53 and 63 are formed in a single-layered spherical shape.
- the dielectric shell 73 is a multi-layered structure formed in a concentric hollow sphere with a gap 77 interposed therebetween. This will be described below.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those in the first and second embodiments are given the same names and the same numbers, and the description thereof is omitted.
- the dielectric shell 73 is made of a transparent dielectric member, and has a multilayer structure in which a plurality of hollow spheres are formed concentrically with a gap 77 interposed therebetween. Therefore, a radial force of any one of the dielectric shells 73 is formed to have a length equal to the focal length R of the dielectric lens 52. Then, with the dielectric lens 52 encapsulated in the center, the dielectric shell 73 and the dielectric shell 73 are dielectric so that the radius of one spherical surface of the multilayer structure dielectric shell 73 is located at the focal length R of the dielectric lens 52.
- a holding mechanism 74 for positioning and holding the body lens 52 is provided.
- the dielectric shell has a multi-layer structure, the number of reflections and transmissions increases, and the performance deteriorates due to multi-stage reflection, making it impossible to obtain characteristics over a wide band.
- a transmittance that can be practically used can be obtained in a narrow band with respect to a specific frequency.
- the fourth embodiment of the present invention has a dielectric shell 57 further provided on the surface of the dielectric shell, and will be described below with reference to FIGS.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing the relationship between the relative dielectric constant and the transmittance of the dielectric film 57.
- FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of light rays incident on the medium. The same parts as those in the first to third embodiments are given the same names and the same numbers, and the description thereof is omitted.
- the surface of the dielectric shell 53 has a transparent dielectric having a relative dielectric constant of 1 or more and a dielectric constant smaller than that of the dielectric lens 51 or the dielectric shell 53.
- Body A dielectric film 57 made of a material is provided.
- the force of applying the dielectric film 57 to the surface of the dielectric shell 53 having a single layer structure may be provided on the back surface (inner surface) of the dielectric shell 53, which is not limited to this. Or on both the front and back sides.
- FIG. 13 the inventors have shown in FIG. 13 in order to observe how the dielectric film 57 provided on the dielectric shell by means of coating or the like affects the transmittance of electromagnetic waves.
- the relationship between the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric film and the transmittance of the electromagnetic wave passing through the dielectric film was determined.
- — ⁇ — ⁇ — ⁇ — ⁇ — indicates that the dielectric shell 53 is alone, and “country-country-country” indicates that the dielectric coating 57 is provided on the surface of the dielectric shell 53.
- ⁇ 1 ⁇ - ⁇ 1 shows the results when the dielectric film 57 is provided on both surfaces of the dielectric shell 53, respectively.
- the incident angle OC and refraction angle ⁇ are the incident angle OC and refraction angle ⁇ .
- n sin a n 3 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (1), and the reflection angle is equal to the incident angle! /.
- the incident wave, reflected wave, and transmitted wave components perpendicular to the plane of incidence of the electric vector of the ray are Es, Es', Es' ', respectively.
- the magnetic vectors are Hs, Hs ′, Hs ′ ′ and HH ′′.
- the H vector is a force in the plane of incidence. Therefore,
- Equation 7 the amplitude ratio (amplitude reflectivity) of the incident wave and the reflected wave and the amplitude ratio (amplitude transmittance) of the incident wave and the transmitted wave are shown in Equation (7 ) And Equation (8).
- the amplitude transmittance Tk is expressed by the following formula (12).
- FIG. Figure 15 shows a device that reflects electromagnetic waves using a transparent dielectric lens (hereinafter referred to as a reflector). It is a schematic diagram.
- Reflector 1 includes spherical dielectric lens 2 that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, reflector 4 provided at the focal length of dielectric lens 2, and reflector 4 that has a focal length of dielectric lens 2. And a color filter 5 disposed on the reflection surface of the reflector 4.
- the means for positioning and holding the reflector 4 at the focal length of the dielectric lens 2 includes a dielectric shell 3 that encloses the dielectric lens 2 and a holding mechanism 6.
- the dielectric lens 2 is formed into a spherical shape using a transparent polystyrene resin as a transparent dielectric member having a small dielectric loss. (Wave and light) are refracted and converged to the focal point F when passing. As described above, since the entire dielectric lens 2 has a transparent spherical shape, it has omnidirectionality with respect to electromagnetic waves, that is, not only in the radio wave band but also in the light wave band. In Example 5, the dielectric lens 2 is formed in a spherical shape using a transparent dielectric member having a relative dielectric constant of 3.5 or less.
- the dielectric shell 3 is a member that is transparent to electromagnetic waves, that is, a transparent dielectric member that has a small dielectric loss, and has a hollow spherical shape inside.
- the radius of the inner or outer surface of the dielectric shell 3, that is, the radius force of the spherical surface of one of the dielectric shells 3 is formed into a spherical shape having a radius equal to the focal length R of the dielectric lens 2.
- the means for positioning and holding the reflector 4 at the focal length R of the dielectric lens 2 has an inner diameter or an outer diameter equal to the focal length scale, and is a member transparent to electromagnetic waves, and the dielectric lens 2 is placed inside.
- a holding mechanism 6 for positioning and holding the dielectric shell 3 and the dielectric lens 2 is configured.
- the holding mechanism 6 (shown as holding mechanism 54 in FIG. 3) is formed in the same shape as that previously filed by the inventors, as shown in FIG. Has been.
- the holding mechanism 6 is not limited to this embodiment, and the dielectric shell 2 is included in the inner central portion of the dielectric shell 3 and the dielectric shell 2 is positioned along the focal length R. Any structure can be used as long as the dielectric shell 3 and the dielectric lens 2 can be positioned and held so that one of the spherical surfaces is positioned.
- the reflector 4 that reflects the electromagnetic wave is located on the inner spherical surface of the dielectric shell 3 located at the focal length R of the dielectric lens 2, is located on one of the outer spherical surfaces; ⁇ It has been.
- a color filter 5 is disposed on the reflecting surface of the reflector 4, and light of the color of the color filter 5 is reflected from the reflected light. Therefore, if three color filters 5 of red, blue and yellow are arranged on the reflecting surface of the reflector 4 provided on the three dielectric lenses 2, respectively, a passive reflector of three colors is formed. If these three-color reflectors are controlled by signals that control traffic signals, they can also be used as passive traffic signals.
- a liquid crystal may be arranged on the reflecting surface of the reflector instead of the color filter, or both the color filter and the liquid crystal may be arranged.
- an awning cap 31 that blocks sunlight applied to the dielectric lens may be disposed in the positioning and holding means.
- a light scattering material formed of a member that scatters light for example, a prism, may be provided.
- a window may be provided in the positioning and holding means (dielectric shell 3 in this embodiment), and either a color filter or a liquid crystal may be provided in the window.
- a reflector having a coloring function of reflecting an arbitrary color can be obtained by arbitrarily selecting the color filter and the color of the liquid crystal. Normally it does not require a power supply, so once installed, it can be used semi-permanently.
- a special battery for liquid crystal can be used if a solar cell (for example, solar cell 21 shown in FIG. It can be used semi-permanently without the need to install a new power source.
- the arrangement location of the solar cell is not limited to that shown in FIG. 17, and may be any location as long as it is a position where sunlight can be received and the liquid crystal can be fed.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a long rod-like reflector 10 in a cylindrical shape.
- Example 2 the case of the rod-like reflector 10 is shown.
- Example 5 attaches
- Example 6 the reflector is positioned and held at the focal length R of the dielectric lens 2.
- a cylindrical container 11 formed of a member transparent to electromagnetic waves, having an inner diameter or an outer diameter equal to the focal length R, and formed in a hollow shape capable of accommodating a plurality of dielectric lenses, and this cylindrical shape
- the cylindrical container 11 and each dielectric lens 2 are positioned so that the container 11 includes the dielectric lens 2 and is positioned along the focal distance R of each dielectric lens 2.
- a holding mechanism for positioning and holding is provided for positioning and holding.
- the cylindrical container 11 is a member that is transparent to electromagnetic waves and is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape. The lower end is closed by a flat bottom portion 11a. Inside, the dielectric lens 2 is provided. A plurality of vertical containers are housed, and each of the dielectric lenses 2 housed therein has a cylindrical container 11 so that the reflectors 4 are arranged at positions along the focal length R, respectively. And a dielectric mechanism (not shown) for positioning and holding the dielectric lenses 2 are provided. The upper end of the cylindrical container 11 is covered with an openable / closable lid l ib. In addition, if the bottom part 11a and the lid part ib of the cylindrical container 11 are both made of a material transparent to electromagnetic waves, the rod-like reflector 10 can be obtained.
- a bar-shaped reflector 10 having an arbitrary length can be formed depending on the number of reflectors housed inside the cylindrical container 11.
- a rod-like reflector 10 having a desired color can be formed by the color filter 15 disposed on the reflecting surface of the reflector 14.
- the rod-shaped reflector 10 can be stabilized. Therefore, it can be used semi-permanently as a non-powered road sign placed on the road.
- the force liquid crystal described in the case where the color filter is arranged may be used on the reflecting surface of the reflector, or both the color filter and the liquid crystal may be arranged. Similar effects occur.
- the sunlight is converged on the surface of the dielectric shell 3 by the dielectric lens 2.
- a sun cap 31 may be provided to block sunlight.
- a light scattering material formed by a member that scatters light for example, a prism, may be arranged.
- the means for positioning and holding (dielectric shell 3 in this example) is provided with a window, and either or both of the color filter and the liquid crystal are provided in this window. May be arranged.
- a reflector having a coloring function of reflecting an arbitrary color can be obtained by arbitrarily selecting the color filter and the color of the liquid crystal. Normally, no power supply is required, so once installed, it can be used semipermanently.
- a solar cell (for example, solar cell 21 shown in FIG. 17 to be described later) is provided as a means for positioning and holding. It can be used semi-permanently without the need for a power source.
- the location of the solar cell is not limited to that shown in FIG. 17, but may be any location as long as it is a location that can receive sunlight and can supply power to the liquid crystal.
- FIG. 17 shows a schematic diagram of a reflector 20 having a built-in solar cell 31 and having an electric control function.
- Example 5 and Example 6 attaches
- Example 7 as a means for positioning and holding the reflector at the focal length R of the dielectric lens 2, as in Example 5, the reflector has an inner diameter or an outer diameter equal to the focal length R, and the electromagnetic wave
- the dielectric shell 3 is formed of a transparent member that can accommodate the dielectric lens 2 inside, and the dielectric shell 3 encloses the dielectric lens 2 along the focal length R.
- a holding mechanism 6 that positions and holds the dielectric shell 3 and the dielectric lens 2 is configured so that the dielectric shell 3 is positioned at a position.
- the holding mechanism 6 (described as holding mechanism 54 in FIG. 1) is formed in the same shape as that shown in FIG. 1 in this example. ing.
- the holding mechanism 6 is not limited to this embodiment, and the dielectric lens 2 is included in the center of the dielectric shell 3, and the dielectric shell 3 is positioned at a position along the focal length R. Either one Any structure may be used as long as the dielectric shell 3 and the dielectric lens 2 can be positioned and held so that the spherical surface is positioned.
- Solar cells 21 are arranged inside or outside the dielectric shell 3. Located at the focal length of the dielectric lens 2, an electric control reflector 22 or a light source 22 a such as an LED is disposed on one of the inner spherical surface and outer spherical surface of the dielectric shell 3; ⁇ Standing is decided. The electrically controlled reflector 22 or the light source 22a is configured to be fed by the solar cell 21.
- the reflector 20 having the electric control function is configured as described above, when the electric control reflector 22 is arranged, an electric control signal can be transmitted. It can be used as a radio lamp on the ground or the sea, or as a distance marker. In addition, when a light source such as an LED is arranged, it can be used as a semi-permanent light marker on the ground or the sea, or as a distance marker. It can be installed in any place, such as in the mountains or in the desert, and a temporary taxiway can be easily set up in places without airports. When used in radar equipment, it can also be used as a marker for automatic guidance.
- a color filter may be arranged on the reflecting surface of the reflector, or a liquid crystal may be arranged instead of the color filter, or the color filter. Both liquid crystal and liquid crystal may be disposed.
- the positioning and holding means is provided with a window, and either one or both of the color filter and the liquid crystal may be arranged in this window, the color filter or liquid crystal to be arranged can be arbitrarily set.
- FIG. 18 shows a schematic view of a heat-preventing reflector 30 in which a sun cap 31 is provided on the dielectric shell 3.
- the dielectric shell 3 is disposed along the focal length R of the dielectric lens 2, when the dielectric lens 2 is used in the light wave band, the dielectric lens 2 causes the sunlight to be There is a problem that the dielectric shell 3 is heated by being focused on the surface of the body shell 3. This is not a problem when the received energy is low, but it becomes a problem when the received energy is large.
- the sun protection cap 31 is either inside or outside the dielectric shell 3 so as to shield the sunlight rays from above that are irradiated onto the dielectric lens. It is arranged.
- the dielectric shell 2 is disposed so as to be positioned along the focal length R of the dielectric lens 2. Therefore, since the sun rays from above are blocked by the sun cap 31, the dielectric shell 3 is not heated.
- the reflector is configured by disposing a reflector at the focal length of the dielectric lens.
- an electromagnetic wave generator is disposed instead of the reflector, the dielectric is similarly formed. An electromagnetic wave generator using a body lens is obtained.
- a ninth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs.
- a reflector 34a of a type in which a slit is provided in the reflector 34 or a reflector 34b of a type in which a small piece of metal is installed at a predetermined interval is used.
- Example 4 attaches
- a reflector 34a formed with slits 34a or a small piece of metal spaced apart by a predetermined distance reflects a signal converged at this focal point.
- reflector 34 Provided as reflector 34.
- the electromagnetic wave radiated by itself is reflected by the reflector 34 on the moving body side, and the reflected electromagnetic wave is received until the reflected electromagnetic wave is received.
- the distance that the position of the mobile body can be reached by the reflector 30 being installed By measuring and calculating the time, it is possible to measure the distance that the position of the mobile body can be reached by the reflector 30 being installed.
- encoded information can be added to the reflected electromagnetic wave reflected by the reflector 34. For example, as information to be added to the reflected electromagnetic wave, positioning information can be obtained by using the identification information of the reflector 30 whose position is known and receiving the reflected electromagnetic waves of three or more reflectors 30.
- the reflector 30 having a function of measuring the reflected electromagnetic force from the slit can be obtained.
- the sun cap 31 shields the sunlight, it can be prevented from converging on the surface of the dielectric shell 3 to the focal point by the dielectric lens 2, and the dielectric shell 3 is heated. It is safe.
- a color filter may be disposed on the reflecting surface of the reflector, or a liquid crystal may be disposed in place of the color filter, or the color filter and the liquid crystal may be disposed. Both may be arranged.
- a solar cell for example, solar cell 21 shown in FIG. 17
- the location of the solar cell may be any location as long as it can receive sunlight and can supply power to the liquid crystal. In the case shown in FIG. 18, it can be placed on the top surface of the sun shield 31.
- the reflector is configured by disposing the reflector at the focal length of the dielectric lens.
- an electromagnetic wave generator is disposed instead of the reflector, Similarly, an electromagnetic wave generator using a dielectric lens can be obtained.
- FIGS. Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of a reflector 40 in which a dielectric lens 2 is housed in a case 41
- Fig. 20 is a reflector in which a large number of dielectric lenses 2 are accommodated in a large case 51 that can accommodate a plurality of dielectric lenses 2.
- the same thing as Example 5-Example 9 attaches
- the means for positioning and holding the reflector 44 at the focal length R of the dielectric lens 2 includes the dielectric lens 2 and has the focal length R of the dielectric lens 2 at one end.
- a holding mechanism 46 for positioning and holding the dielectric lens 2 is provided so that the reflector 44 is positioned along the position.
- the other end is a case 41 formed in a cylindrical shape covered with a lid formed of a member that is open or transparent to electromagnetic waves.
- a single dielectric lens 2 is housed inside the case 41.
- the holding mechanism for positioning and holding the dielectric lens 2 is formed in a shape obtained by partially cutting a sphere as shown in FIG. 19, and a part of the dielectric lens 2 is formed at the center.
- a concave portion that can be held is provided, and the reflector 44 that reflects electromagnetic waves is disposed in the holding mechanism 46.
- the incident electromagnetic wave is reflected by the reflector 44, so that the reflector used in brake lights and taillights of small radar reflectors, light reflectors, vehicles, etc.
- a reflector 40 can be obtained.
- the dielectric lens 2 is firmly fixed by the case 41 and the holding mechanism 46 for positioning and holding the dielectric lens 2, the destruction, damage, mechanical deformation, etc. may occur. Absent.
- the dielectric lens 2 and the holding mechanism 56 for positioning and holding the dielectric lens 2 and the reflector 54 have the same positional relationship as the holding mechanism 46 and the reflector 44 in FIG. Can be used for reflectors, radar reflectors, etc. used for large brake lights, tail lights corresponding to the size of case 51. A large reflector 50 is obtained.
- color filters are arranged on the reflecting surfaces of the reflectors 44 and 54, small and large reflectors 40 and 50 having a coloring function can be obtained, and reflectors of arbitrary sizes can be obtained. can get.
- a liquid crystal may be disposed instead of the color filter, and both the color filter and the liquid crystal may be disposed.
- one or both of color filters and liquid crystals may be arranged on the lids of cases 41 and 51 shown in FIGS. 19 and 20.
- a light source such as an LED or a certain light is transmitted so that it is located at the focal length of the dielectric lens
- a device such as an electromagnetic wave reflector or generator having a reflection function and a light emission function or transmission function can be obtained.
- a color filter is further arranged on the reflecting surface of the reflector, it can be used as a brake light or taillight for a vehicle or the like.
- a reflector is configured by disposing a reflector at the focal length of the dielectric lens.
- an electromagnetic wave is used instead of the reflector. If the generator is arranged, an electromagnetic wave generator using a dielectric lens can be obtained.
- Examples 5 to 10 the case where the shape of the dielectric lens 2 is spherical has been described.
- the shape of the dielectric lens 2 is not limited to this. Instead, a hemispherical dielectric lens may be used. In this case, the same effect as when a spherical dielectric lens is used is obtained, and the volume occupied by the lens can be halved, so that the volume efficiency is improved.
- a reflector 100 in the case of using a hemispherical dielectric lens 102 as shown in FIG. 21 will be described.
- Reference numeral 103 denotes a hemispherical dielectric shell disposed at a position along the focal length of the hemispherical dielectric lens 102.
- 104 is a reflector, and means for positioning and holding the reflector 104 at the focal length R of the hemispherical dielectric lens 102 is a member having an inner diameter or an outer diameter equal to the focal distance R and transparent to electromagnetic waves.
- a hollow hemispherical dielectric shell 103 that can accommodate the dielectric lens 102 therein, and the dielectric shell 103 enclosing the dielectric lens 102 and at a position along the focal length R. Due to the holding mechanism (not shown) for positioning and holding the dielectric shell 103 and the dielectric lens 102 so that the dielectric shell 103 is positioned, the reflector 104 is cross-sectional side of the dielectric lens 102 and the dielectric shell 103. Is installed.
- either one or both of a color filter and a liquid crystal may be arranged on the reflecting surface of the reflector.
- a window may be provided in the positioning and holding means, and either or both of a color filter and a liquid crystal may be disposed in the window.
- a reflector having a coloring function of reflecting an arbitrary color can be obtained by arbitrarily selecting the color filter or the color of the liquid crystal. Normally, no power supply is required, so once installed, it can be used semipermanently.
- a solar cell for example, solar cell 21 shown in FIG. 17
- the location of the solar cell is not limited to that shown in FIG. 17, but may be any location as long as it is a location that can receive sunlight and can supply power to the liquid crystal.
- the reflector is configured by arranging the reflector at the focal length of the dielectric lens.
- an electromagnetic wave generator is arranged instead of the reflector, the dielectric is similarly formed. An electromagnetic wave generator using a body lens is obtained.
- Fig. 23 is a schematic diagram of a reflector 60 having reflectors 64a to 64c in which color filters of three different colors are arranged as reflectors.
- Fig. 24 is a signal device using this reflector 60 in four corners. It is the principle chart when doing.
- Example 5-Example 9 attaches
- a reflector 60 is arranged at the center of the four corners, and vehicles 67a to 67d run or stop on the respective roads by directing the force toward the center of the four corners.
- a rotating mechanism 6 that rotates the reflector 60 at a constant rotational speed with the vertical direction as the axis of rotation. 8 is arranged, and the solar cell 21 supplies power for rotation.
- a reflector 64 is disposed on one of the inner surface and outer surface of the dielectric shell 3 located at the focal length R of the dielectric lens 2, and a holding mechanism for positioning and holding the dielectric lens 2. Positioned by 6.
- the reflector 64 is a reflector 64a in which a blue color filter is arranged on the reflection surface, a reflector 64b in which a yellow color filter is arranged on the reflection surface, and a red color filter on the reflection surface. It is composed of three kinds of reflectors of the body 64c. These reflectors 64a to 64c are allocated in order at the ratio of the blue signal, yellow signal, and red signal displayed in the traffic light. When reflector 60 makes one turn, blue-> yellow-> red If the display is set to 1 cycle, it will be allocated to 2 cycles.
- the reflector 60 is rotating at a constant speed at a speed corresponding to two periods in one rotation when the display of blue-> yellow-> red is one period.
- the reflector 60 is rotating clockwise. For this reason, for example, with respect to the vehicle 67a, if the time elapses, the light emitted from the vehicle 67a is reflected in order of the reflectors 64a-> 64b-> 64c. , Green signal 1> yellow signal 1> red signal. The same applies to other vehicles.
- Example 9 when the reflector 64 is further slit and irradiated with electromagnetic waves from the vehicle 67, information of a blue signal, a yellow signal, and a red signal is added to the reflected electromagnetic waves. May be. If comprised in this way, it can utilize as a reflector for the driving
- either or both of a color filter and a liquid crystal may be disposed on the reflecting surface of the reflector.
- positioning maintenance The holding means may be provided with a window, and either or both of a color filter and a liquid crystal may be disposed in the window.
- a reflector having a coloring function of reflecting an arbitrary color can be obtained by arbitrarily selecting the color filter or the color of the liquid crystal. Normally, no power supply is required, so once installed, it can be used semipermanently.
- a solar cell for example, solar cell 21 shown in FIG. 17
- the location of the solar cell is not limited to that shown in FIG. 17, but may be any location as long as it is a location that can receive sunlight and can supply power to the liquid crystal.
- the reflector is configured by arranging a reflector at the focal length of the dielectric lens.
- an electromagnetic wave generator is arranged instead of the reflector, the electromagnetic wave is similarly generated. A traffic light using the generator is obtained.
- the omnidirectional dielectric lens device does not require a power source and can be used both indoors and outdoors. If installed on the side wall of a road, it can be used as a reflector that can be detected by a vehicle light or a radar device mounted on the vehicle. It can also be used as a guide light for runways at local airports. It can also be used as a temporary airport runway guide light in areas where there are no airports such as deserts. It can be set not only on the ground but also on the sea buoys, ship masts, etc.
- a type in which a dielectric lens is arranged in a case provided with a reflector can also be used as a brake light or taillight for a vehicle or the like.
- the type with blue, yellow, and red color filters arranged on the reflector can be used as a reflector for operation control in traffic lights when the vehicle is automatically driven by a radar device mounted on the vehicle. It is also possible to construct a simple and simple signal device using a reflector or generator.
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/574,012 US8471757B2 (en) | 2004-08-19 | 2005-07-27 | Device using dielectric lens |
EP05767019A EP1780830A1 (en) | 2004-08-19 | 2005-07-27 | Device using dielectric lens |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004-239223 | 2004-08-19 | ||
JP2004239223A JP3822619B2 (ja) | 2004-08-19 | 2004-08-19 | 全方向性を有する誘電体レンズ装置。 |
JP2005010582A JP3995687B2 (ja) | 2005-01-18 | 2005-01-18 | 誘電体レンズを用いた電磁波の反射器、発生器及び信号機 |
JP2005-010582 | 2005-01-18 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006018956A1 true WO2006018956A1 (ja) | 2006-02-23 |
Family
ID=35907347
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2005/013743 WO2006018956A1 (ja) | 2004-08-19 | 2005-07-27 | 誘電体レンズを用いた装置 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8471757B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1780830A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006018956A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
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US9429631B2 (en) | 2007-09-11 | 2016-08-30 | William Patrick Crabtree | Device and method for altering the path of radio waves to record the image information available in said waves |
JPWO2017061586A1 (ja) * | 2015-10-08 | 2017-11-02 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | スクリーン、表示装置、粒子、光学シート、粒子検査装置、及び、粒子検査方法、並びに、粒子製造装置、粒子製造方法、スクリーン製造方法、及び、スクリーン検査方法 |
CN111244640A (zh) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-05 | 佛山市粤海信通讯有限公司 | 一种柱体状电磁波透镜的制备方法 |
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DE202015001972U1 (de) | 2015-03-09 | 2016-03-10 | Sputnik24 Communication Systems GmbH | Multifunktions-Antennensystem mit RADAR-Reflektor |
US10338187B2 (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2019-07-02 | Raytheon Company | Spherically constrained optical seeker assembly |
US10916825B2 (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2021-02-09 | Orbital Composites, Inc. | Deployable, conformal, reflector antennas |
JP7157849B2 (ja) * | 2020-11-16 | 2022-10-20 | スマート レーダー システム,インコーポレイテッド | レーダー水位測定装置 |
CN113777561B (zh) * | 2021-09-23 | 2022-11-11 | 广东福顺天际通信有限公司 | 一种改变极化特征的rcs反射器系统 |
CN114545406B (zh) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-07-15 | 广东福顺天际通信有限公司 | 一种可编程的反射器 |
CN114966552B (zh) * | 2022-05-25 | 2023-06-16 | 广东福顺天际通信有限公司 | 一种信息化无源雷达反射装置 |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US9429631B2 (en) | 2007-09-11 | 2016-08-30 | William Patrick Crabtree | Device and method for altering the path of radio waves to record the image information available in said waves |
JPWO2017061586A1 (ja) * | 2015-10-08 | 2017-11-02 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | スクリーン、表示装置、粒子、光学シート、粒子検査装置、及び、粒子検査方法、並びに、粒子製造装置、粒子製造方法、スクリーン製造方法、及び、スクリーン検査方法 |
CN111244640A (zh) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-05 | 佛山市粤海信通讯有限公司 | 一种柱体状电磁波透镜的制备方法 |
CN111244640B (zh) * | 2020-01-19 | 2021-07-06 | 佛山市粤海信通讯有限公司 | 一种柱体状电磁波透镜的制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20090302239A1 (en) | 2009-12-10 |
EP1780830A1 (en) | 2007-05-02 |
US8471757B2 (en) | 2013-06-25 |
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