WO2006005841A1 - Dispositif de transition entre un guide d'ondes et deux circuits redondants chacun couple a une ligne coplanaire - Google Patents
Dispositif de transition entre un guide d'ondes et deux circuits redondants chacun couple a une ligne coplanaire Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006005841A1 WO2006005841A1 PCT/FR2005/001491 FR2005001491W WO2006005841A1 WO 2006005841 A1 WO2006005841 A1 WO 2006005841A1 FR 2005001491 W FR2005001491 W FR 2005001491W WO 2006005841 A1 WO2006005841 A1 WO 2006005841A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- coplanar
- coplanar line
- line
- transition device
- ribbon
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
- H01P5/10—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices for coupling balanced lines or devices with unbalanced lines or devices
- H01P5/107—Hollow-waveguide/strip-line transitions
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for transition between a waveguide and at least two redundant circuits, called processing circuits, for the processing of signals received and / or transmitted by the waveguide, each processing circuit being coupled to a coplanar line of its own.
- the device according to the invention is for example intended to be associated with a waveguide of an antenna for receiving microwave electromagnetic waves (for example in the Ka band) as part of a reception set, in the field of space communication.
- the processing circuits are then, for example, low noise amplifier circuits (LNA, "Low”).
- Noise Amplifier intended to amplify a signal received by the waveguide of the antenna
- the device according to the invention is also suitable for other applications (in particular terrestrial) for receiving electromagnetic waves, in other applications
- waveguide usually denotes a hollow tube of rectangular or possibly circular internal section, for example, made of an electrically conductive material, which tube is capable of confining and transporting electromagnetic waves in a longitudinal direction of said tube. , said longitudinal direction of propagation.
- coplanar line commonly refer to a microwave circuit comprising three parallel strips of conducting material, all of which extend in the same plane on a dielectric material substrate layer: a central strip, called a central strip of transmission, and two lateral bands connected to the ground, said lateral mass bands.
- the coplanar lines are adapted to convey electromagnetic energy to and / or from semiconductor integrated circuits.
- circuits microwaves capable of conveying planar electromagnetic energy; but the coplanar lines are particularly appreciated for their coplanar structure which facilitates the connection of processing circuits (flip-chip assembly ...) and which offers low losses at high frequency.
- waveguide / coplanar line whose operating modes are distinct, coexist within a set of reception and / or transmission: the waves transmitted through the space are received and / or transmitted by an antenna in waveguide technology; the transmission of a corresponding signal to and / or from a processing circuit is provided by a coplanar line. Between these two types of energy transmission, a transition device transforming the waveguide mode into coplanar mode (or vice versa) is necessary.
- WO 93/22802 discloses a transition device between a receiver waveguide, of rectangular section, and a single coplanar line, for example able to power an amplificateu ⁇ circuit.
- the coplanar line is arranged orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of propagation of the waveguide, outside thereof; it is extended by a probe inside the waveguide, which ensures the transition of the signal.
- Such a transition device between a waveguide and a processing circuit via a single coplanar line has the disadvantage of not providing any redundancy.
- the receiving assembly becomes totally inoperative in the event of failure of a component of the single amplifier circuit powered by said coplanar line, or in the event of imperfections of the coplanar line or damage to it.
- the invention aims to overcome this drawback by proposing a redundant transition device between a waveguide and at least two redundant processing circuits, each coupled to a coplanar transition line of its own. In reception as in transmission, the signal must be processed by only one processing circuit at a time, and the transmission of the signal must, at all times, be ensured only by a single coplanar line at a time, then called coplanar line active.
- this constraint supposes that it is possible to choose, according to the state of each of the processing circuits, the coplanar line that one wishes to be active and to neutralize the other coplanar line, then called coplanar line inactive.
- Redundant topographies with coplanar lines called single-pole topographies and double-line topographies, are already known, such as those described in the publication "Original MEMS-based single pole double throw topology for millimeter wave space communication" (David Dubuc et al., LAAS -
- the topography described comprises an upstream coplanar line which splits into two parallel branches on the same face of a substrate, each branch forming a downstream coplanar line.
- One of the downstream lines called the parallel coplanar line, is provided with a quarter-wave inverter followed by a microelectromechanical switch, called MEMS or MEM switch, connected in parallel.
- MEMS microelectromechanical switch
- the other downstream line called the series coplanar line, is provided with a series-mounted MEMS.
- Each downstream coplanar line carries and supplies, downstream of the MEMS, an amplifier circuit composed of a filter and two low noise amplifiers.
- the two MEMS are activated (in other words, none of the MEMS are energized), and the operating amplifier circuit is that powered by the parallel coplanar line.
- the two MEMS are activated (turned on) to allow the use of the amplifier circuit of the serial line: the parallel coplanar line, short-circuited, is then neutralized, and the line coplanar series, closed by its MEMS, becomes busy and therefore active.
- Such a topography is used as a low-noise redundant front-end circuit in a high-reliability space repeater. It realizes a redundant transition device between an upstream coplanar line and the two low-noise amplifier circuits that it carries.
- width of a coplanar line or a topography formed by coplanar lines or an element of a coplanar line designates a dimension of said line or topography or element according to a direction, said transverse direction, orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the line (s) coplanar (s) and parallel to the plane of said line (s).
- the aim of the invention is to propose a redundant device for transition between a waveguide and at least two independent and redundant processing circuits, each coupled to a coplanar line, which transition device makes it possible to provide redundancy to overcome a possible failure of one of the processing circuits or any damage suffered by one of the coplanar lines, and moreover has a small footprint.
- the purpose of the invention is to provide both redundant transition devices adapted to electromagnetic wave reception applications -the device then ensuring the transition to the operating circuit of a signal received by the waveguide -, that redundant transition devices adapted to electromagnetic wave emission applications -the device then ensuring the transition to the waveguide of a signal transmitted by the operating processing circuit-.
- An object of the invention is notably to provide a redundant transition device between a waveguide of a microwave reception satellite antenna and two low noise amplifier circuits.
- the invention also aims to provide a more compact transition device and in particular adapted to be integrated into a reception set with a multiple antenna, such as an antenna called FAFR antenna ("Focal Array Fed Reflector").
- a multiple antenna such as an antenna called FAFR antenna ("Focal Array Fed Reflector").
- the waveguide and the associated redundant transition device must have a transverse dimension smaller than the pitch between the elementary antennas of the FAFR antenna.
- the invention aims to provide a waveguide and an associated redundant transition device, whose cross section has a dimension of less than about ten millimeters when they are intended for a multiple wave reception antenna. frequencies between 27 and 31 GHz (Ka band).
- Another object of the invention is to provide a redundant transition device displaying improved performance in terms of the quality of the transition and the transmission of the signal to the processing circuits or from the latter (reduced losses, low noise, etc.) .
- the invention aims to provide a device in which the losses during the transition between the waveguide and each coplanar line and the losses along said coplanar lines are very small.
- the invention aims to provide a device meeting the particularly severe requirements of space communication.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a redundant transition device having an enlarged operating frequency band.
- the invention also aims at providing a range of transition devices each adapted to a predetermined frequency band.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a redundant transition device for reception set, which is able not only to transmit a signal to only one of the processing circuits at a time, but also to transmit the same signal. signal regardless of the operating circuit.
- the invention proposes a transition device capable of providing the same electric field phase term and the same input impedance of the two processing circuits (phase and impedance seen from said circuits), as well as the same phase term. of electric field at the input of the waveguide (phase seen from said guide).
- the invention also aims to achieve all these objectives while providing an inexpensive transition device, whose manufacturing costs (processes and materials used ...) are limited.
- the invention relates to a redundant transition device between an electromagnetic waveguide and at least two redundant circuits, called processing circuits, this transition device comprising two coplanar lines formed on a plate, said substrate, of a dielectric material.
- Each coplanar line comprises, in the same plane, a central transmission ribbon and two lateral mass bands on either side of said ribbon, separated from the latter by electromagnetic wave guide slots, which ribbon and strips extend mainly in a direction said longitudinal direction of line.
- Each coplanar line has a longitudinal end, called the connection end, intended to be coupled to one of the processing circuits, which is specific to said coplanar line.
- the device according to the invention is characterized in that:
- the two coplanar lines extend on both sides of the same substrate, on two opposite main faces thereof,
- each coplanar line extends, at least in part, inside the waveguide, each coplanar line has a longitudinal end, called the transfer end, opposite its connection end, adapted to channel a wave electromagnetic between the waveguide and the slots of said coplanar line,
- each coplanar line is provided with means, called phase-shifting means, adapted to invert the phase of an electric field on one side of the central transmission ribbon of said coplanar line, with a view to transmitting electrical energy essentially in accordance with a coplanar mode along said transmission ribbon between the phase shifter means and the processing circuit, and an electrical power transmission substantially in a guide mode in the waveguide beyond the transfer end.
- phase-shifting means adapted to invert the phase of an electric field on one side of the central transmission ribbon of said coplanar line, with a view to transmitting electrical energy essentially in accordance with a coplanar mode along said transmission ribbon between the phase shifter means and the processing circuit, and an electrical power transmission substantially in a guide mode in the waveguide beyond the transfer end.
- the expression “inverting the phase of an electric field” means increasing or decreasing by ⁇ the phase term of said field.
- the electric fields propagating in the slots of the coplanar line have reversed phases; they induce an electric current in the central transmission ribbon of said coplanar line.
- the "guide mode” refers to a propagation mode of an electric field in a waveguide, such as the so-called TE10 mode for example.
- the expression “beyond the transfer end” means, respectively, upstream thereof in reception and downstream of it in transmission (that is to say outside the coplanar line). , the terms “upstream” and “downstream” referring to the wave propagation direction and therefore the signal.
- a received electric field thus propagates in guide mode in the waveguide, then is led to the slots of a coplanar line according to the invention via the transfer end of said line, slots wherein the resulting fields propagate in coplanar mode downstream of the phase shifter means.
- Upstream of the phase-shifting means two cases occur according to the position of said means. If the phase-shifting means of the line are located at a distance, downstream, from its transfer end, the electric fields entering the slots of the line at the output of the transfer end propagate to the phase-shifting means in a so-called slot mode, in which they present the same phase and do not induce any current in the ribbon.
- the slot mode is a parasitic mode, which the phase-shifting means according to the invention make it possible to transform at least partially in coplanar mode (the proportion of electrical energy transmitted in coplanar mode by the line, downstream of the phase-shifting means, being dominant over to that transmitted in slot mode).
- coplanar mode the proportion of electrical energy transmitted in coplanar mode by the line, downstream of the phase-shifting means, being dominant over to that transmitted in slot mode.
- the device according to the invention therefore essentially comprises two coplanar lines formed (for example etched) on either side of a substrate, arranged (at least partially) inside a waveguide.
- topographies comprising two coplanar lines formed facing one another, on either side of a layer of dielectric material. But these known topographies (so-called couplers) are used only to take advantage of the coupling phenomena that occur between the two coplanar lines, possibly for transmission of a signal from one line to another.
- the coplanar lines and the substrate advantageously have a nature and dimensions adapted for a parameter, known under the name coupling parameter S 4J , less than -2OdB.
- the maximum transverse dimension of a transition device according to the invention corresponds to the maximum width of one and only one coplanar line.
- the device according to the invention which is more compact than the known redundant topographies, can therefore be integrated in a waveguide of very small transverse dimension. It is suitable for multiple antennas of FAFR type.
- the two coplanar lines extend facing one another on either side of the substrate.
- the two coplanar lines extend in a direction of propagation of the waveguide. In other words, the longitudinal direction of each coplanar line is parallel to the propagation direction of the waveguide.
- the substrate extends in a median longitudinal plane of the waveguide.
- the median longitudinal plane of the waveguide means a plane containing the longitudinal direction of propagation of the waveguide and which delimits two equal parts of the waveguide. This characteristic contributes to the performance of the device according to the invention, given that the amplitude of an electric field transported by the waveguide is maximum in a central region of said guide.
- each coplanar line is also provided with a switch for an activation or deactivation of said coplanar line.
- said switches are further adapted to be able to be controlled so that the coplanar lines present each instant opposite states, respectively active and inactive, so that the received signal is transmitted on only one line at a time, to a single processing circuit.
- any switches are furthermore adapted to be able to be controlled so as to activate at each instant at least the coplanar line associated with the operating circuit (it it is not excluded to activate the two coplanar lines).
- a coplanar line is said to be active when it is busy, that is to say capable of transmitting electrical energy by propagation of an electric field (that is to say of an electromagnetic wave) in its slots essentially in coplanar mode (and thus by generation and circulation of an electric current in its central transmission ribbon).
- a coplanar line is said to be inactive when it can not transmit electrical energy.
- the transition device has the following combination of characteristics:
- one of the coplanar lines has an interrupted central transmission ribbon, formed of two distant portions extending in the extension of one another, the other coplanar line, the so-called parallel coplanar line.
- the switch of the series coplanar line called series switch
- the series switch is connected in series so as to connect (structurally) the two remote portions of the central transmission ribbon, so that the series coplanar line is active when the serial switch is in a state, said passing state, in which it realizes an electrical connection between the two portions of the central transmission ribbon;
- the series coplanar line is active when a voltage higher than absolute value at a switch threshold voltage of the series switch is applied to said switch, said series line being inactive otherwise (i.e.
- the serial line ' is inactive in particular when no voltage is applied to the serial switch, the switch of the parallel coplanar line, called the parallel switch, is connected in parallel so as to be able to connect the central transmission ribbon to at least one of the strips and preferably to the two side strips of mass of said coplanar line; parallel, so that the parallel coplanar line is inactive, because neutralized by short circuit, when the parallel switch is in a state, said passing state, in which it realizes an electrical connection between the central transmission ribbon and the (the) lateral band (s) of mass; in particular, the parallel line is inactive when a voltage greater than absolute value at a threshold voltage of activation of the parallel switch is applied to said switch, said parallel line being active in the opposite case (that is to say when the voltage applied to the serial switch is less than absolute value at said activation threshold voltage); in particular, it is active when no voltage is applied to the parallel switch.
- At least one and preferably each switch comprises a diode.
- the series switch is formed of a diode;
- the parallel switch is formed of a first diode connecting the central transmission ribbon of the coplanar line parallel to one of its lateral mass bands, and a second diode connecting said ribbon to the other lateral mass band of said parallel coplanar line.
- at least one and preferably each switch is a microelectromechanical switch, referred to as the MEM switch.
- the two switches are of the same type (diode or MEMS).
- the switches of the two coplanar lines are offset in a longitudinal direction of the substrate (which coincides with the longitudinal directions of the two lines when the opposite faces of the substrate are parallel), a relative distance substantially equal to a quarter of a wavelength called wavelength guided device ( ⁇ / 4).
- ⁇ wavelength guided device
- Terms "guided wavelength of the device ( ⁇ )” means a central wavelength (over the frequency band) that the coplanar line is suitable for carrying, which guided wavelength depends on the frequency band of receiving and / or transmitting the waveguide and the permittivity of the substrate.
- Such a relative arrangement of the switches makes it possible to impose the same phase term at the input of the waveguide (phase seen from the waveguide) to the electric field reflected by the two coplanar lines, especially in reception and in the case where the two coplanar lines would be inactive (the parallel coplanar line is then closed by a short circuit, while the series coplanar line is open).
- the coplanar lines are offset, in the longitudinal direction of the substrate, by a relative distance substantially equal to ⁇ / 4, whereas the distance between each switch and the transfer end of the corresponding coplanar line is substantially the same. for the two coplanar lines.
- At least one lateral band of mass of at least one and preferably of each coplanar line has, at the transfer end of said line, an end edge, called a transfer edge.
- said band which extends obliquely away transversely and longitudinally from a central portion of the coplanar line.
- the lateral band of mass ends with an end, said transfer end of said band, in the form of tapered tip outwards (the tip is on a lateral edge of the band).
- each of the two lateral mass bands of each coplanar line has a bias transfer edge, as previously described.
- Each of these songs preferably extends in projection of the central transmission ribbon in the longitudinal direction of line.
- the bias seam (s) at lateral bias of the lateral bands provide (s) progressive guidance of the electromagnetic wave between the walls of the waveguide and the slots of the coplanar line, and allows to move from one transmission mode to another (guide mode in the waveguide, slot mode or coplanar mode on the coplanar line).
- the bias song may be rectilinear or, on the contrary, curved in a form (rounded, exponential, or preferably hyperbolic ...) optimized so as to limit the reflection phenomena of the electric field.
- the transmission ribbon of at least one and preferably each coplanar line has, at the transfer end of said line, an end edge, said edge of transfer ribbon, forming a tip. Note that the longitudinal end of the ribbon, delimited by this transfer edge, is said ribbon transfer end.
- the central ribbon has a tip-shaped transfer edge and the two sidebands have angled transfer edges.
- Such a configuration is particularly advantageous in reception, considering that it makes it possible to significantly limit the portion of the electric field flux (transmitted by the waveguide) which is reflected towards the waveguide by the frontal edge of the coplanar line. at its transfer end, which frontal edge is formed by the transfer edges of the lateral bands and the central ribbon. It is also advantageous in emission, favoring the transfer of the electric field from the slots of the active coplanar line to the waveguide and the transition from one transmission mode to another.
- the phase shifter means of the coplanar lines are adapted to invert the phase of an electric field on opposite sides of the central transmission ribbons.
- the phase-shifting means of one lines act on the electric field on one side of this median plane, while the phase-shifting means on the other line act on the electric field on the other side of this median plane.
- the inventors have demonstrated that such an arrangement phase-shifting means made it possible to further reduce the possible coupling phenomena.
- the phase-shifting means have one or more of the following characteristics: the phase-shifting means of at least one and preferably of each coplanar line comprise a lateral extension of the central transmission ribbon of said line; coplanar, called lateral extension of phase shift,
- phase-shifting means of the coplanar line are formed by a single lateral extension of phase shift of its central transmission band, able to impose a phase shift of the order of ⁇ ,
- the phase-shifting means of the coplanar line are formed by two consecutive lateral extensions (in the longitudinal line direction) of its central transmission ribbon, which extend on the same side of said ribbon.
- Each lateral extension of phase shift is in this case adapted to impose the electric field a phase shift of the order of ⁇ / 2, which allows to provide lateral extensions of width (transverse dimension) less.
- Such a coplanar line thus has a reduced transverse size, which allows its integration into waveguides of very small transverse dimensions.
- the presence of two consecutive phase shift extensions makes it necessary to design a longer coplanar line.
- At least one lateral extension of phase shift of a central transmission band has a shape of a rectangle
- At least one lateral extension of phase shift of a central transmission band has a trapezoidal shape
- at least one lateral extension of phase shift of a central transmission ribbon has a shape of disk portion, and for example of half-disk.
- the transfer end of at least one and preferably of each coplanar line is asymmetrical: at this end, one of the lateral mass bands of the line forms a longitudinal extension projecting in the direction longitudinal line, the other lateral mass band and the central ribbon transmission of the coplanar line.
- the lateral bands of mass of the line have transfer edges (preferably both obliquely, as previously explained) which are offset in the longitudinal direction.
- the phase-shifting means of such a coplanar line comprise, on the one hand, said longitudinal extension of the lateral mass band, and on the other hand a bridge made of conductive material, called air bridge, spanning the central transmission ribbon and connecting the two lateral bands of mass, which bridge is preferably arranged in close proximity to the transfer end of the tape.
- phase-shifting means of the two coplanar lines are preferably of the same type (single lateral extension or double lateral extension of the ribbon or asymmetry of the transfer end of the line associated with an air bridge).
- the coplanar lines are preferably identical (with the exception of the possible discontinuity of the central ribbon of one of the lines) so as to obtain an identical reception or emission of signals whatever the processing circuit operating.
- the substrate is preferably homogeneous and isotropic, or at least symmetrical with respect to a longitudinal median plane extending between its main faces, so as to have the same electrical permittivity on each of its faces.
- the processing circuits each comprise at least one low-noise amplifier, called LNA amplifier, mounted in "flip-chip" on the associated coplanar line, at the same time. connection end thereof.
- the central transmission ribbon and the slots of each coplanar line have respective nominal widths adapted so that the input impedance of the processing circuit is optimal in terms of noise limitation, which widths depend on the electrical permittivity of the substrate.
- the central transmission ribbon and the slots of each coplanar line have respective nominal widths adapted so that the input impedance of the amplifier
- LNA is substantially equal to 50 ⁇ . It should be noted that the terms “nominal width of a slot” denote an average width of the slot, and that the terms “nominal width of a central transmission ribbon” denote an average width of the ribbon outside of its (their) eventual (s) lateral extension (s) of phase shift.
- the central transmission ribbons -respectively the slots -of the two coplanar lines preferably have the same width, in order to impose the same input impedance of the two processing circuits, for identical reception of the signal regardless of the active coplanar line. and the operating processing circuit.
- the substrate has an electrical permittivity ⁇ r less than 5 and a thickness greater than 0.5 mm,
- each coplanar line has a central transmission ribbon of length less than 3.5 mm between the phase-shifting means and a first point of connection of the ribbon to the processing circuit (portion of the ribbon along which the propagation takes place in coplanar mode ); to note that such coplanar transmission length of the ribbon is also suitable for a transmission device,
- each coplanar line has a central transmission ribbon with a nominal width of between 10 and 170 ⁇ m and slots with a nominal width of between 10 and 150 ⁇ m, to obtain an impedance of 50 ⁇ at the input of the processing circuit; the line may have larger nominal widths of ribbon and slots for a higher impedance (75 or 100 ⁇ for example).
- the substrate has an electrical permittivity ⁇ r less than 5 and a thickness greater than 0.5 mm,
- each coplanar line has a central transmission ribbon less than 3 mm long between the phase-shifting means and a first point of connection to the processing circuit
- each coplanar line has a central transmission ribbon with a width of between 10 and 170 ⁇ m, and slots with a width of between 10 and 150 ⁇ m.
- the invention also relates to a transition device characterized in combination by all or some of the characteristics mentioned above and below.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a transition device according to the invention, in a transverse plane (orthogonal plane to the longitudinal direction of propagation of the waveguide) through the processing circuits
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view from above of the device of FIG. 1, presented outside of any waveguide,
- FIG. 3 is a reproduction of Figure 2 of which are referenced odds sizing
- - Figure 4 is a schematic bottom view of the device of Figure I 5 presented without any waveguide
- FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of the device of FIG. 1, along a transverse plane passing through the phase shifter means of the coplanar lines of the device,
- FIG. 6 is a reproduction of FIG. 5 on which are referenced sizing,
- FIG. 7 is a schematic view from above of part of a coplanar line of another device according to the invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic view from above of part of a coplanar line of another device according to the invention.
- FIG. 9 illustrates an electronic operating diagram of the quadrupole formed by two coplanar lines facing one another according to the invention.
- FIGS. 1 to 6 illustrate a device according to the invention, of transition between a receiver waveguide 1 of rectangular cross-section, or even substantially square, and two processing circuits 2 and 3 each consisting of a low-noise amplifier , called LNA amplifier.
- LNA amplifier low-noise amplifier
- the device according to the invention comprises two coplanar lines 5 and 6 in conductive material, formed by metallization on a plate 4 of dielectric material called substrate.
- the coplanar lines 5 and 6 extend on opposite parallel faces 27, 28 of the substrate; they extend facing one another in a direction orthogonal to said faces.
- the coplanar lines 5, 6 are arranged in the waveguide 1 so that the longitudinal direction of the lines is parallel to the longitudinal direction of propagation of the waveguide, and that at least a part upstream of said lines extends into the waveguide.
- the terms "downstream” and “upstream” are used with reference to the direction of propagation of the signal, which is parallel to the longitudinal directions of the waveguide and coplanar lines. , and with reference to the direction of propagation of the signal, which signal moves from the waveguide and the transfer ends of the coplanar lines to the processing circuits 2, 3.
- the coplanar lines 5, 6 preferably extend entirely into the waveguide 1.
- the coplanar lines 5, 6 are arranged in the waveguide 1 in a median plane thereof, so that the wave reception is maximum.
- Each coplanar line 5 (respectively 6) comprises a central transmission tape 7 (respectively 10), and two lateral mass bands 8 and 9 (respectively 11 and 12) connected to a mass.
- Each coplanar line 5 has a connection end 17 on which the LNA amplifier 2 is mounted according to a so-called "flip-chip” technique, and an opposite transfer end 16 adapted to provide guidance of the electric field (ie say the electromagnetic wave) from the waveguide 1 to the slots 21, 22 of the coplanar line.
- the lateral mass strips 8 and 9 of the coplanar line 5 have, at the transfer end 16 of said line, respective transfer edges 13, 14 which extend obliquely towards the outside of the line. line (these songs extend obliquely away from a central portion of the line both in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction). The transfer songs 13 and 14 thus make an inlet opening of the electric field in the slots 21, 22.
- the transfer songs 13, 14 at an angle protrude, in the longitudinal direction, from the central transmission tape 7. Furthermore, the central transmission tape 7 ends with a transfer edge 15 in the shape of a point.
- the angled shape of the transfer songs 13, 14 and the sharp edge of the transfer edge 15 make it possible to limit the part of the flow incident (transmitted by the waveguide) which is reflected by the coplanar line 5.
- the transfer end of the coplanar line 5, as defined according to the invention corresponds to the portion of said line extending (in the longitudinal direction) from the two extreme end points of its mass strips to the extreme tip 15 of its central ribbon.
- the coplanar line 6 has connection and transfer ends identical to those of the coplanar line 5.
- the ribbon 7 of the coplanar line 5 is continuous
- the central transmission ribbon 10 of the coplanar line 6 is discontinuous. . It is formed of two portions 29, 30 separated, aligned (in the longitudinal direction) in the extension of one another.
- the coplanar line 5, called parallel coplanar line, is provided with a microelectromechanical switch 18, called parallel MEM switch, which straddles the central ribbon 7 and connects the two side strips 8, 9 of the line.
- MEM switch 18 When a voltage greater than an activation threshold voltage MEM switch 18 is applied to said switch, it collapses to come into contact with the central ribbon 7; the ribbon 7 and the ground strips 8, 9 are then electrically connected, and the parallel coplanar line 5 is neutralized by short circuit (and therefore inactive).
- the transmission ribbon 7 can convey, up to the LNA amplifier 2, any current generated by the propagation of a coplanar electric field in the slots 21, 22
- the parallel coplanar line 5 is then active.
- the coplanar line 6, called the series coplanar line, is provided with a microelectromechanical switch 19, called a series MEM switch, which forms a bridge connecting the two portions 29, 30 of the central ribbon 10 of the line.
- MEM 19 is applied to said switch, it collapses to come into contact with the face 28 of the substrate and fill the space 20 between the two portions
- the MEM switch 19 then produces a connecting portion of the central transmission ribbon 10, which on the one hand allows the propagation of an electric field in the slots 23, 24 between the two portions 29, 30 of the ribbon, and secondly electrically connects said portions. A current is thus generated in the ribbon, and the serial coplanar line is activated.
- no voltage is applied to the series MEM switch 19
- no electric field can propagate in the slots 23, 24 between the portions 29, 30 of the strip 10 (generally, the opposing phase electric fields are superimposed and cancel in the space 20), and the series coplanar line 6 is then inactive.
- Each coplanar line 5, 6 furthermore comprises phase-shifting means 25, 26 formed by a lateral extension of the trapezoid-shaped central transmission strip 7, 10.
- phase-shifting means 25, 26 formed by a lateral extension of the trapezoid-shaped central transmission strip 7, 10.
- Such a lateral extension 25, 26, called lateral extension of phase shift makes it possible to delay the electric field propagating in the slot 22, 24 which is adjacent to it, so as to invert the phase of this field with respect to the electric field propagating in the slot 21, 23 opposite, on the other side of the transmission ribbon.
- a current can thus be generated in the central transmission strip 7 (respectively 10) by the opposing phase fields propagating in the slots 21, 22 (respectively 23). , 24), if the line is active.
- the lateral phase shift extensions 25, 26 extend on opposite sides of the transmission ribbons 7, 10, as illustrated in FIG. 5. In other words, they are not opposite each other. of the substrate (in a direction orthogonal to the planes of the coplanar lines).
- the parallel MEM switch 18 is arranged immediately downstream of the lateral phase shift extension 25 of the parallel coplanar line.
- the series MEM switch 19 is arranged downstream of the lateral phase shift extension 26 of the series coplanar line, at a distance substantially equal to ⁇ / 4 of an imaginary point taken on the series coplanar line so that the distance between this point and the lateral extension 26 corresponds substantially to the distance between the parallel MEM switch 18 and the lateral extension 25 of the parallel coplanar line.
- the two switches MEM are shifted by ⁇ / 4 on the coplanar lines, ⁇ denoting a guided central wavelength transported by the coplanar line.
- the standing wave ratio is equivalent on the two coplanar lines.
- the illustrated device is intended for a set of microwave reception of frequencies between 27 and 31 GHz.
- the substrate and the coplanar lines are sized both to carry such microwaves and so that the coupling phenomena of the two coplanar lines are minimized.
- the dimensions reported below are referenced in FIGS. 3 and 6, in which the relative proportions of these dimensions have not necessarily been respected: the width i of the coplanar lines 5, 6, which also corresponds to the width (smaller side ) of the waveguide 1, is between 3 and 4.5 mm, which allows the integration of the device according to the invention in a FAFR multiple antenna; it is for example of the order of 4 mm,
- the length L of each coplanar line is less than 3.5 mm and is for example of the order of 2.5 mm. Note that the coupling phenomena of the two lines decrease when the length of the coplanar lines decreases, - the nominal width w (width outside the lateral extension of phase shift 25, 26) of the transmission ribbon 7, 10 of each coplanar line is between 10 and 170 ⁇ m; it is for example 40 ⁇ m,
- the nominal width s of each of the slots 21-24 of the coplanar lines is between 10 and 150 ⁇ m; it is, for example, 50 ⁇ m, the previous dimensions w and s being thus chosen to impose an impedance of 50 ⁇ at the input of the LNA; the device according to the invention may, however, be sized for processing circuits (and in particular LNA amplifiers) requiring other impedances (25, 75, 100 ⁇ ); the widths w and s are adapted accordingly, the width d of the lateral phase shift extension 25, 26 of each coplanar line is between 1 and 3 mm; it is for example 2.80 mm; the angle ⁇ of the trapezoidal lateral extension is between 10 and 40 °; it is for example of the order of 25 °, the dimension p, in the longitudinal direction, of the oblique transfer edge 13, 14 of the lateral mass bands of each coplanar line is greater than 5 mm, and in particular between 5 and 13 mm; it is for example 11 mm,
- the metallization thickness t of the coplanar lines is between 9 and 35 ⁇ m; it is for example of the order of 17.5 ⁇ m,
- the thickness e of the substrate is greater than 0.200 mm; it is chosen according to the electrical permittivity ⁇ r of the constituent material of said substrate; by way of example, the susbtrate is made of a synthetic material known by the name TMM4 of electrical permittivity ⁇ r equal to 4.5; its thickness e is 0.508 mm or 0.762 mm.
- TMM4 electrical permittivity
- the coupling parasitic phenomena of the two lines decrease when the thickness e of the substrate is increased and / or when its electrical permittivity ⁇ r is decreased. But increasing the thickness of the substrate and the choice of a more efficient material increases the cost of the device. Conversely, the coupling decreases when the transmission length L of the line is reduced. The dimensioning of the substrate and coplanar lines thus results from a compromise between desired performances, economic and financial constraints and geometric constraints imposed by the structure of the antenna.
- the coupling parameters S 41 and S 14 (see FIG. 9) between the input (transfer end) of a coplanar line and the output (connection end) of the other coplanar line take values lower than -1OdB sure the entire frequency band, and in particular less than -25dB over the majority of said band,
- the transmission parameters S 2 and Sj 2 between the input and the output of the same coplanar line take values greater than -2 dB over the entire frequency band, and in particular greater than -0.5 dB over the majority of the said band,
- the reflection parameter Sj 1 at the input of the coplanar lines takes values less than -2OdB over the entire frequency band, and in particular less than -3OdB over the majority of said band, the insertion parameter between the guide waveforms (in TE10 guide mode) and coplanar lines (in coplanar mode) takes values greater than -1.5 dB over the entire frequency band.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a coplanar line of another device according to the invention, the phase-shifting means of which consist of a lateral extension 32 of the central ribbon of the line, which has the shape of a disk portion.
- this lateral extension has a transverse dimension "a" greater than 0.5 mm and preferably between 1 and 2.8 mm ; it is for example of the order of 2.40 mm, the disk having a radius of the order of 1, 4 mm.
- FIG. 8 illustrates a coplanar line 33 of another device according to the invention, in which the phase difference between the fields propagating in the two slots of said coplanar line is provided by an asymmetrical geometry of its transfer end 37.
- the coplanar line 33 has a first lateral band of mass 36, the transfer edge 38 of which protrudes in the direction longitudinally, the central transmission ribbon 34 and the second lateral mass band 35 of the line. As explained above, this edge 38 also extends obliquely between a central angle 43 and a lateral end point 42.
- the lateral mass band 36 thus comprises a longitudinal extension 48 projecting from the other ground strip and the ribbon of transmission.
- the central transmission ribbon 34 of the coplanar line 33 has a tip-shaped transfer edge 39 which extends substantially to the right (in the transverse direction) of the central angle 43 of the first lateral mass band.
- the second lateral mass band 35 has a transfer edge 40 which extends obliquely away longitudinally and transversely from a central point of the coplanar line between a central angle 45 and a lateral tip 44.
- This lateral point 44 is located at the right (in the transverse direction) or at the recess (in the longitudinal direction) of the transfer tip 39 of the transmission ribbon. It is further shifted, in the longitudinal direction, with respect to the lateral tip 42 of the other ground strip, by a relative distance substantially equal to ⁇ / 2 (where ⁇ denotes the guided wavelength - central of the coplanar line and the device).
- central angle 43, 45 of the lateral mass band 36, 35 is advantageously rounded (unlike the example shown) to facilitate the transfer of the field in the slot 46, 47 adjacent.
- the transfer end 37 of the line corresponds to the portion of said line which extends between the end tip 42 of the first lateral mass band and the central angle 45 the second lateral band of mass. Due to its asymmetry, the electric fields propagating in the slots 46, 47 of the line have substantially opposite phases from the central angle 45 of the second lateral mass band.
- the phase-shifting means also include an air bridge 41 of conductive material, arranged downstream of the entrance of the slot 47, close to the latter. This bridge makes it possible to eliminate any residual parasitic modes (slot mode ...), with a view to a transmission essentially in coplanar mode downstream of said bridge 41.
- the position of the switches of the device illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 6 can be reversed, according to the following arrangement: the series switch is arranged between the phase-shifting means and the connection end of the series coplanar line, in the immediate vicinity of said means phase shifters; the parallel switch is arranged between the phase-shifting means and the connection end of the parallel coplanar line, at a distance from said phase-shifting means, and more precisely from a point of the parallel line situated opposite the series switch, substantially equal to a quarter an average wavelength of propagation of the waveguide.
- the parallel switch is shifted downstream (in reception) by a distance equal to ⁇ / 4 with respect to the serial switch.
- each coplanar line is not necessarily symmetrical (outside the phase-shifting means) with respect to its central transmission ribbon.
- the lateral band of mass opposite to the phase-shifting means is advantageously of restricted width, in order to obtain a device of reduced size.
- transition device can be integrated into a wave emission assembly, in which the processing circuits each consist of a power amplifier of the SSPA ("solid state power amplifier") type. .
- a device according to the invention for other reception applications (in the microwave, and in particular in the V-band around 60 GHz, but also in other frequencies) or program.
Landscapes
- Waveguides (AREA)
- Microwave Amplifiers (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
- Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007515995A JP4547005B2 (ja) | 2004-06-17 | 2005-06-15 | 導波管と、それぞれがコプレーナ線路に接続された二つの冗長回路との間における移行冗長装置 |
US11/629,303 US7463110B2 (en) | 2004-06-17 | 2005-06-15 | Transition device between a waveguide and two redundant circuits coupled each to a coplanar line |
DE602005018212T DE602005018212D1 (de) | 2004-06-17 | 2005-06-15 | Übergangsvorrichtung zwischen einem wellenleiter und zwei jeweils an eine koplanare leitung gekoppelten redundanten schaltungen |
EP05777137A EP1766719B1 (fr) | 2004-06-17 | 2005-06-15 | Dispositif de transition entre un guide d'ondes et deux circuits redondants chacun couple a une ligne coplanaire |
AT05777137T ATE451732T1 (de) | 2004-06-17 | 2005-06-15 | Übergangsvorrichtung zwischen einem wellenleiter und zwei jeweils an eine koplanare leitung gekoppelten redundanten schaltungen |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0406596A FR2871951B1 (fr) | 2004-06-17 | 2004-06-17 | Dispositif de transition rntre un guide d'ondes et deux circuits redondants chacun couple a une ligne coplanaire |
FR0406596 | 2004-06-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006005841A1 true WO2006005841A1 (fr) | 2006-01-19 |
Family
ID=34946890
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2005/001491 WO2006005841A1 (fr) | 2004-06-17 | 2005-06-15 | Dispositif de transition entre un guide d'ondes et deux circuits redondants chacun couple a une ligne coplanaire |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7463110B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1766719B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP4547005B2 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE451732T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE602005018212D1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2338029T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2871951B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2006005841A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008054073A (ja) * | 2006-08-25 | 2008-03-06 | Toko Inc | 伝送モードの変換構造 |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20090267711A1 (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2009-10-29 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. | High frequency circuit |
DE202008010533U1 (de) * | 2008-08-07 | 2008-10-30 | Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Kontaktlose Schleifensonde |
TWI395519B (zh) * | 2010-06-28 | 2013-05-01 | Wistron Neweb Corp | 具跳線結構之電路板 |
US9147924B2 (en) * | 2011-09-02 | 2015-09-29 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Waveguide to co-planar-waveguide (CPW) transition |
US9368855B2 (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2016-06-14 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Planar circuit to waveguide transition having openings formed in a conductive pattern to form a balance line or an unbalance line |
CN106209014B (zh) * | 2016-06-23 | 2018-09-18 | 北京邮电大学 | 一种可调带阻滤波器 |
JP7077137B2 (ja) * | 2018-05-18 | 2022-05-30 | 古野電気株式会社 | 伝送線路およびコネクタ |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6573810B2 (en) | 2000-08-10 | 2003-06-03 | Alcatel | Device for transmitting electromagnetic signals across a structure including modules organized for two-for-one redundancy |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2086143A (en) * | 1980-10-22 | 1982-05-06 | Philips Electronic Associated | Finline circuit configuration |
JP2530021Y2 (ja) * | 1989-09-29 | 1997-03-26 | 株式会社ケンウッド | マイクロ波回路 |
TW212252B (fr) | 1992-05-01 | 1993-09-01 | Martin Marietta Corp | |
US6002305A (en) * | 1997-09-25 | 1999-12-14 | Endgate Corporation | Transition between circuit transmission line and microwave waveguide |
JP3946377B2 (ja) * | 1999-03-29 | 2007-07-18 | 新日本無線株式会社 | 超高周波回路 |
JP3927514B2 (ja) * | 2003-04-07 | 2007-06-13 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | 電磁波発生装置 |
-
2004
- 2004-06-17 FR FR0406596A patent/FR2871951B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-06-15 ES ES05777137T patent/ES2338029T3/es active Active
- 2005-06-15 WO PCT/FR2005/001491 patent/WO2006005841A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2005-06-15 JP JP2007515995A patent/JP4547005B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-06-15 EP EP05777137A patent/EP1766719B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-06-15 US US11/629,303 patent/US7463110B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-06-15 AT AT05777137T patent/ATE451732T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-06-15 DE DE602005018212T patent/DE602005018212D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6573810B2 (en) | 2000-08-10 | 2003-06-03 | Alcatel | Device for transmitting electromagnetic signals across a structure including modules organized for two-for-one redundancy |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
CAVANNA T ET AL: "W band technologies for data collection experiment of the david mission", 2003 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE, vol. 1, 8 March 2003 (2003-03-08), pages 263 - 269, XP010660285 * |
DAVID DUBUC ET AL.: "UPS et Alcatel Space Industries, Conférence européenne sur les microondes", LAAS-CNRS, 2003 |
DUBUC D ET AL: "Original MEMS-based single pole double throw topology for millimeter wave space communications", EUROPEAN MICROWAVE CONFERENCE, vol. 3, 7 October 2003 (2003-10-07), pages 979 - 982, XP010680815 * |
T. HATSUDA: "COMPUTATION OF COPLANAR-TYPE STRIP-LINE CHARACTERISTICS BY RELAXATION METHOD AND ITS APPLICATION TO MICROWAVE CIRCUITS", IEEE TRNASACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES, vol. 23, no. 10, October 1975 (1975-10-01), pages 795 - 802, XP002309073 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008054073A (ja) * | 2006-08-25 | 2008-03-06 | Toko Inc | 伝送モードの変換構造 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2008503128A (ja) | 2008-01-31 |
ATE451732T1 (de) | 2009-12-15 |
US20070285143A1 (en) | 2007-12-13 |
FR2871951A1 (fr) | 2005-12-23 |
EP1766719B1 (fr) | 2009-12-09 |
ES2338029T3 (es) | 2010-05-03 |
DE602005018212D1 (de) | 2010-01-21 |
US7463110B2 (en) | 2008-12-09 |
JP4547005B2 (ja) | 2010-09-22 |
EP1766719A1 (fr) | 2007-03-28 |
FR2871951B1 (fr) | 2006-09-08 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1766719B1 (fr) | Dispositif de transition entre un guide d'ondes et deux circuits redondants chacun couple a une ligne coplanaire | |
EP2510574B1 (fr) | Dispositif de transition hyperfréquence entre une ligne à micro-ruban et un guide d'onde rectangulaire | |
EP2656438B1 (fr) | Cellule rayonnante a deux etats de phase pour reseau transmetteur | |
CA2869648C (fr) | Repartiteur de puissance compact bipolarisation, reseau de plusieurs repartiteurs, element rayonnant compact et antenne plane comportant un tel repartiteur | |
EP3171451A1 (fr) | Combineur spatial de puissance | |
FR2528633A1 (fr) | Guide d'onde dielectrique | |
EP3179551B1 (fr) | Ensemble d'excitation compact bipolarisation pour un element rayonnant d'antenne et reseau compact comportant au moins quatre ensembles d'excitation compacts | |
FR2886773A1 (fr) | Antenne dispersive en frequence appliquee notamment a un radar meteorologique | |
CA2869652A1 (fr) | Repartiteur de puissance comportant un coupleur en te dans le plan e, reseau rayonnant et antenne comportant un tel reseau rayonnant | |
EP3136499B1 (fr) | Système diviseur/combineur pour onde hyperféquence | |
WO2010052377A1 (fr) | Systeme d'antenne dipole differentielle a structure rayonnante coplanaire et dispositif d'emission/reception | |
EP2195877A1 (fr) | Coupleur-separateur d'emission-reception multibande a large bande de type omt pour antennes de telecommunications hyperfrequences | |
FR2850793A1 (fr) | Transition entre un circuit micro-ruban et un guide d'onde et unite exterieure d'emission reception incorporant la transition | |
EP0467818B1 (fr) | Elément de transition entre guides d'ondes électromagnétiques, notamment entre un guide d'ondes circulaire et un guide d'ondes coaxial | |
EP0023873B1 (fr) | Limiteur passif de puissance à semi-conducteurs réalisé sur des lignes à structure plane, et circuit hyperfréquence utilisant un tel limiteur | |
FR3024802A1 (fr) | Source multibande a cornet coaxial avec systemes de poursuite monopulse pour antenne a reflecteur | |
EP2006954B1 (fr) | Dispositif de communication pour véhicule ferroviaire | |
FR2480509A1 (fr) | Dispositif a ondes magnetostatiques de volume | |
CA2342953C (fr) | Element rayonnant hyperfrequence bi-bande | |
FR2629644A1 (fr) | Antenne boucle large bande a alimentation dissymetrique, notamment antenne pour emission, et antenne reseau formee d'une pluralite de telles antennes | |
FR3060867A1 (fr) | Architecture de bloc sources deployable, antenne compacte et satellite comportant une telle architecture | |
WO2019110651A1 (fr) | Composant micro-ondes et procédé de fabrication associé | |
FR2522885A1 (fr) | Ensemble de circuits hyperfrequences du type microbande, destines a des bandes de frequences differentes, et application d'un tel ensemble | |
FR2879359A1 (fr) | Antenne a balayage electronique large bande | |
CA2242714A1 (fr) | Antenne a polarisation circulaire un sens |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KM KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NG NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SM SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BW GH GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2007515995 Country of ref document: JP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Country of ref document: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2005777137 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 11629303 Country of ref document: US |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2005777137 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 11629303 Country of ref document: US |