WO2005124415A1 - 一方向性光パワーモニター - Google Patents
一方向性光パワーモニター Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005124415A1 WO2005124415A1 PCT/JP2005/009404 JP2005009404W WO2005124415A1 WO 2005124415 A1 WO2005124415 A1 WO 2005124415A1 JP 2005009404 W JP2005009404 W JP 2005009404W WO 2005124415 A1 WO2005124415 A1 WO 2005124415A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- optical
- photodiode
- light
- lens
- sleeve
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
- G02B6/2817—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using reflective elements to split or combine optical signals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4292—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements the light guide being disconnectable from the opto-electronic element, e.g. mutually self aligning arrangements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical power monitor mainly used in the field of optical communication.
- optical communication network As the optical communication network is improved, information is exchanged at a high speed, and new applications are also expanded, and the amount of information passing through the optical communication network is further increasing.
- a high-frequency signal is used to increase the amount of signal per unit time, and a signal having various wavelengths related to different information, called a wavelength multiplexing method.
- the technology for transmitting simultaneously in one optical fiber has come to be used. Also, in order to form a dense and highly reliable communication network, it is necessary to secure connections in multiple directions and multiple paths, and from the viewpoint of maintenance applications, the use of multiple optical fibers is indispensable. .
- wavelength-multiplexed optical signals are demultiplexed into respective wavelengths, and conversely, optical signals having various wavelengths are multiplexed.
- WDM Wavelength Division Multiplex
- EDFA Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier
- the directions of the incoming and outgoing of the optical signal are determined, and when monitoring the optical signal, the directionality is not particularly required.
- a pump laser is injected and propagates through a special fiber to amplify the optical signal.Therefore, the amplified optical signal may flow backward, and the amount of amplification of the optical signal is accurately determined. To do so, only the optical signal from the input fiber must be detected, and the return light from the output fiber must not be detected.
- An optical power bra is a structure in which an optical signal is branched by bringing a core, which is an optical signal propagation part of an optical fiber, close to the optical fiber, and the length of the proximity part is an important meter for the amount of branching. Therefore, it was difficult to reduce the size of the product, which hindered the reduction in the size of parts.
- the demand for downsizing of EDFA devices has been increasing, and the inability to reduce the component size has also been a constraint on miniaturization and higher packaging density of EDFA devices.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an example of a compact bidirectional optical power monitor that is easy to handle.
- the structure of the disclosed device is shown in FIG.
- a multi-capillary galvanized fiberglass lens (equivalent to a big tilt fiber) 53 having two optical fibers 51 and 52 (an input optical fiber 51 and an output optical fiber 52, respectively) and a GRIN (Gradient Index) lens 54 are used. They face each other via a gap 55 having a predetermined length.
- a filter 56 (corresponding to a tap film) is provided on the end face of the GRIN lens to reflect and transmit light passing through the GRIN lens.
- the light transmitted through the filter passes through the air gap 57 and the photon detector 58 (photodiode Is converted to an electric signal, and the intensity of light input to the optical fiber is measured.
- the multi-glass ferrule 53 and GRIN lens 54 are held by glass tubes 60 and 61. Since the two optical fibers 51 and 52 can both input and output light, this device can be said to be a bidirectional optical power monitor.
- the GRIN lens is a glass cylinder whose refractive index continuously changes radially from the central axis toward the outer periphery. The refractive index increases toward the outer periphery, and as the light spreads toward the outer periphery, the traveling direction of the light is bent toward the central axis, and the transmitted light is collected in the center of the filter.
- Non-Patent Document 1 discloses an example of a one-way optical power monitor.
- the structure of the disclosed device is shown in FIG.
- the part names used in Non-Patent Document 1 are used.
- a two-core ferrule 80 (corresponding to a big tilt fiber) having two input optical fibers 81 and an output optical fiber 82, which are called ports 1 and 2, and a GRIN lens 83 are joined.
- a dielectric mirror 84 (corresponding to a tap film) is formed on the end face of the GRIN lens 83 to reflect and transmit light.
- the center axis of the GRIN lens and the center axis of the photodetector 85 are offset from each other.
- the flow of light will be described.
- the light (input light) entering from the input optical fiber 81 (port 1) passes through the GRIN lens 83 and is reflected and transmitted by the dielectric mirror 84.
- the reflected light passes through the GRIN lens, enters the output optical fiber 82 (port 2), and becomes output light.
- the light transmitted through the dielectric mirror enters the photodetector 85, is converted into an electric signal, and is output as an electric signal. .
- These series of light paths are indicated by solid arrows.
- the light entering from the output optical fiber 82 (port 2) will be described.
- Light entering from the output optical fiber 82 (port 2) passes through the GRIN lens 83 and is reflected and transmitted by the dielectric mirror 84.
- the reflected light passes through the GRIN lens again, enters the input optical fiber 81 (port 1), and becomes output light.
- the light transmitted through the dielectric mirror is emitted to the outside without entering the photodetector 85 because the optical axis (center axis) of the GRIN lens and the optical axis (center axis) of the photodetector 85 are shifted. You. Therefore, the intensity of light entering from the output optical fiber 82 (port 2) cannot be measured.
- These series of light paths are indicated by broken arrows.
- a directional optical power monitor that does not measure the intensity of light that enters the input optical fiber 81 (port 1) but also measures the intensity of light that enters the output optical fiber 82 (port 2). Has become.
- the directional characteristics of the unidirectional optical power monitor are such that the light receiving sensitivity A ( ⁇ / w) of the photodiode when light is input from the input optical fiber and the same light are input from the output optical fiber.
- the GRIN lens If the GRIN lens is too close to the photodiode, the GRIN lens and the photodiode must be separated by more than a certain distance in order to detect the transmitted light from any optical fiber.
- Patent Document 1 U.S. Patent 6,603,906
- Non-Patent Document 1 March 28, 2002 The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers Lecture No. C-1 3-51 Proceedings 183 pages Figure 3
- An object of the present invention is to have an input optical fiber and an output optical fiber, and Excellent light receiving sensitivity for optical signals entering from an optical fiber, and excellent light receiving sensitivity for optical signals entering from an output optical fiber. To provide a sex light power monitor.
- the unidirectional optical power monitor of the present invention comprises:
- a big tilt fiber that has two optical fibers that are arranged in parallel at small intervals and that has an opening on one end face around the center of the end face;
- a cylindrical GRIN lens having two end faces facing each other, one end face of which faces the one end face of the big tilt fiber, and the other end face having a tapped film thereon;
- a sleeve having a first end and a second end, the sleeve having a first hole drilled from the first end to a substantially intermediate position between the first end and the second end;
- a second circular hole having a central axis which is eccentric from the central axis of the first circular hole.
- One circular hole having a through hole connected to the second circular hole at the substantially intermediate position and an intermediate wall;
- a photodiode having a front lens having a lens provided at a second end of the sleeve in the second circular hole toward the through hole,
- An optical signal input from one of the two optical fibers and passing through the tap film reaches the photodiode through a first circular hole and a second circular hole.
- the G RIN lens is connected to the first circle of the sleeve so that the optical signal input from the other one of the optical fibers and passing through the tap film is blocked by the intermediate wall of the sleeve. It is positioned in the hole.
- the sleeve in the unidirectional optical power monitor of the present invention includes a first circular hole and a second circular hole having a central axis decentered from the central axis of the first circular hole. I have it.
- a cylindrical GRIN lens is positioned in the first hole at the first end of the sleeve, and a photodiode with the lens is provided in the second hole at the second end of the sleeve. Therefore, the optical axis of the cylindrical GRIN lens and the optical axis of the photodiode having the lens on the front surface, that is, the optical axis of the lens provided on the front surface of the photodiode are equal to the first circular hole and the second circular hole.
- Circular hole Is eccentric to a distance corresponding to the distance between the center axes.
- An optical signal incident from one of the two optical fibers (which may be referred to as "input optical fiber 1") is radiated into a gap through one aperture of the optical fiber, and the beam diameter is reduced. Enters the GRIN lens with wide power. In the GRIN lens, the traveling direction of light is changed, and when the light becomes substantially parallel light, the light reaches the tap film and is reflected and transmitted at a predetermined ratio. The light reflected by the tap film passes through the GRIN lens again, travels while further narrowing the beam diameter, and is emitted to the air gap. Thereafter, the aperture of the other optical fiber (sometimes referred to as “output optical fiber 1”) is focused, and light incident from the input optical fiber is connected to the output optical fiber.
- the light transmitted through the tap film passes through the first hole of the sleeve, passes through the hole, passes through the second hole, passes through the second hole, and is fixed with an optical axis decentered from the optical axis of the GRIN lens. After entering the diode, the amount of optical signal input to the monitor from the input optical fiber can be measured.
- the sleeve of the unidirectional optical power monitor of the present invention can be made of an opaque black ceramic, glass, or plastic material.
- the sleeve is made of an opaque material, mutual interference between a plurality of optical power monitors can be prevented, and the directional characteristics can be improved. Further, it is also preferable in terms of work safety.
- a black material is more preferable. Since a black material generally has a low light reflectance, light input from one output optical fiber can be attenuated to almost zero by repeating reflection on the inner wall or inner peripheral surface.
- Sera as black material Mix glass and plastic can be used.
- black ceramics alumina, zirconium, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, soft ferrite, and hard ferrite are suitable.
- the material of the black glass one using silica as a main material, one using alumina as a main material, one using titania as a main material, and a composite material thereof can also be used.
- the black plastic epoxy resin, liquid crystal polymer, polyphenylene resin, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polybutylene resin, azo compound resin and polyester resin are suitable.
- a carbon-based material can be used because similar effects can be expected.
- the unidirectional optical power monitor of the present invention can be arranged on a magnet or a magnetic material easily.
- the distance between the optical axis of the GRIN lens and the lens optical axis of the photodiode is L
- the Gaussian beam radius of light transmitted through the tap film is R
- D the lens diameter of the lensed photodiode
- the light has a distribution that attenuates toward the outer periphery of the beam most strongly at the center of the beam rather than exhibiting a uniform intensity in the cross section of the beam. Since this distribution is called a Gaussian distribution and is a function related to the traveling direction of the beam, the beam gradually spreads as the beam progresses and attenuates at the same time. It is known that a Gaussian distribution is maintained at an arbitrary cross section in the beam traveling direction.
- the beam intensity needs to have a certain relative index of the spread of the force beam, which can be obtained by converting light at that position into electricity.
- the radius that attenuates to 1 / e 2 with respect to the center intensity of the beam is used as an index indicating the beam size, and is referred to as a Gaussian beam radius.
- e is the base of the natural logarithm.
- the unidirectional optical power monitor of the present invention only light that enters from one optical fiber and passes through the tap film is detected by the photodiode, and light that enters from the other optical fiber and passes through the tap film. Need not be detected by the photodiode. Therefore, the distance between the optical axis of the GRIN lens and the optical axis of the photodiode lens is important. The position at which the intensity attenuates to 1% of the center intensity of the beam can be obtained as 1.517 times the Gaussian beam radius.
- the value twice as large as the distance between the optical axes is larger than the value obtained by adding half of the lens diameter to 1.517 times the radius of the Gaussian beam.
- the distance L between the optical axes be smaller than 1Z2 of the lens diameter D of the photodiode. If the distance L between the optical axes is larger than 1/2 of the lens diameter D of the photodiode, the light receiving sensitivity is sharply reduced, and the outer diameter of the sleeve to be used becomes large, which makes handling inconvenient and difficult to manufacture. become.
- the unidirectional optical power monitor of the present invention uses a sleeve made of a black, opaque material to fix the GRIN lens and the photodiode with their optical axes decentered, so that the output optical fiber The portion of the optical signal that has entered through the tap film is attenuated by the inner wall of the sleeve, resulting in good directional characteristics.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a unidirectional optical power monitor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a unidirectional optical power monitor according to Example 6 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing light receiving sensitivity and directional characteristics in relation to a distance L between optical axes.
- FIG. 4 (a), (b) and (c) are cross-sectional views of a unidirectional optical power monitor according to Example 7 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a unidirectional optical power monitor of a comparative example.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional bidirectional optical power monitor.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the unidirectional optical power monitor shown in Non-Patent Document 1.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a unidirectional optical power monitor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the directional optical power monitor consists of a big tilt fiber 2 having two optical fibers (input optical fiber 13 and output optical fiber 4), a cylindrical GRIN lens 7 having a tap film 8, and a photodiode. And a sleeve 9 forming an optical path between the GRIN lens and the photodiode.
- the two optical fibers 1, 3 and 4 are arranged in parallel with a small interval (pitch force between the two optical fibers is about 250 ⁇ m) and molded to form a big tilt fiber 2 and a big tilt fiber.
- the cylindrical GRIN lens 7 has two end faces facing each other, and one end face is separated from the end face of a big tilt fiber having one opening of two optical fibers and a small gap 5 (100 to 300 / im).
- the other end face has a tap film 8 thereon.
- the big tilt fiber 2 and the cylindrical GRIN lens 7 have their axes substantially aligned.
- the end face of the big tilt fiber facing the GRIN lens and the end face of the GRIN lens facing the big tilt fiber each have an inclination angle of about 8 ° with respect to the optical axis.
- the GRIN lens means a gradient index lens, and the refractive index increases continuously from the center axis of the lens toward the outer periphery. Position away from the central axis of the GRIN lens Light traveling parallel to the center axis is bent toward the center of the lens, so that light entering from one end of the GRIN lens exits near the center of the other end.
- the refractive index at the central axis of the GRIN lens 7 used here is 1.590, and the refractive index gradient constant is 0.326.
- the tap film 8 provided on the end surface of the GRI N lens is a dielectric multilayer in which SiO and Ti ⁇ are periodically laminated.
- the tap ratio representing the light transmittance was 1%. Most of the light that reaches the tap film after passing through the GRIN lens is reflected by the tap film surface, and a part of the light passes through the tap film.
- the big tilt fiber 2 and the GRIN lens 7 have a diameter of 1.8 mm, and an opaque, black, cylindrical glass tube 6 having an outer diameter of 2.8 mm and an inner diameter of 1.9 mm. It is fixed in the hole with an epoxy resin adhesive.
- the optical signal that enters from one optical fiber of the big tilt fiber and exits from the other optical fiber is While monitoring with an optical multimeter, the size of the gap 5 is determined so that the optical signal intensity becomes maximum.
- the sleeve 9 forming an optical path between the GRIN lens 7 and the photodiode 10 has a first end and a second end, and extends from the first end to the first end and the second end. It has a first circular hole 91 opened to a substantially intermediate position with respect to the end and a second circular hole 92 opened from the second end to a substantially intermediate position with the first circular hole 91.
- the second circular hole 92 is eccentric from the first circular hole 91, and the first circular hole 91 is connected to the middle wall 93 and the second circular hole at its deep end, that is, at a substantially intermediate position.
- the sleeve 9 is made of black alumina ceramic.
- the inner diameter of the first hole and the second hole is 2.Omm, the center axis of the first hole and the center axis of the second hole are parallel, and the center axis distance of 0.9mm Had become. It was 7. Omm from one end of the sleeve to almost the middle position.
- a through hole 94 and an intermediate wall 93 are provided in a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the first hole.
- the end of the GRIN lens 7 on the side where the tap film is attached, cut, and inserted is inserted into the first circular hole up to 2. Omm from the first end of the sleeve, and is fixed with an adhesive.
- the distance between the tap film 8 of the GRIN lens 7 and the intermediate wall 93 is 5. Omm.
- a photodiode 10 (diameter 2 Omm) with a lens (diameter 1 9 mm) at the tip is The second end is inserted and fixed in the second circular hole.
- the distance from the substantially middle position to the tip of the lens of the photodiode 10 is 5.0 mm.
- the optical signal entering from the optical fiber 13 also transmits the aperture force of the optical fiber 13 at the end of the big tilt fiber 2 to the GRIN lens 7, and is attached to the end of the GRIN lens 7. Most of the light is reflected by the tapped film 8 and sent through the optical fiber 14. Part of the optical signal that enters from the optical fiber 13 and reaches the tap film 8 penetrates the tap film and passes through the first circular hole 91 through the through hole 94 as shown by the solid line arrow. The intensity is detected by the photodiode 10 through the second circular hole 92.
- the optical signal entered from the optical fiber 14 is largely reflected by the tap film 8 at the end of the big tilt fiber 2 and transmitted through the optical fiber 13.
- a part of the optical signal that enters from the optical fiber 14 and reaches the tap film 8 passes through the tap film, and the transmitted optical signal passes through the first circular hole 91 as indicated by the broken arrow.
- Most of the light is absorbed and a part of the light is reflected by the intermediate wall 93. Only a very small portion of the optical signal entering from the optical fiber 14 reaches the photodiode 10 through the second circular hole 92.
- this optical power monitor has excellent unidirectionality.
- the optical and electrical characteristics of this one-way optical power monitor were evaluated.
- the optical loss was 0.31 dB when light with a wavelength of 1550 nm and light intensity of OdBm was input from the three optical fibers, and the light receiving sensitivity of the photodiode was 9.8 mAZw.
- the input loss was 0.31 dB and the light receiving sensitivity of the photodiode was 24. ⁇ m / w.
- the directional characteristic of this one-way optical power monitor was 26.ldB, which was more than the required 25dB.
- the two-way optical power monitor according to the second embodiment of the present invention is the same as the one-way optical power monitor according to the first embodiment shown in FIG.
- the interval between eyebars 3 and 4 is 125 zm.
- the length of the sleeve 9 was set to 24 mm, and the distance between the tap film 8 and the photodiode with lens 10 was set to 20 mm.
- the other configuration of the one-way optical power monitor of the second embodiment was the same as that of the one-way optical power monitor of the first embodiment shown in FIG.
- the light receiving sensitivity of the photodiode when an optical signal was input from the input optical fiber 13 with this one-way optical power monitor was 6.7 mA / w.
- the distance between the tap film and the photodiode with lens is longer than that in the first embodiment, so that the light beam transmitted through the tap film and directed toward the photodiode is not affected. Since the diverging Gaussian beam radius is larger, the light receiving sensitivity is lower than that of the first embodiment.
- the light receiving sensitivity of the photodiode when an optical signal is input from the output optical fiber 14 is 20.6 ⁇ / m, and the unidirectional optical power monitor obtains a directional characteristic of 25. ldB. Was completed. Since the distance between the two optical fibers is reduced in the second embodiment, the angle between the optical signal passing through the GRIN lens and the axis of the GRIN lens is reduced. As the distance between the tap film of the GRIN lens and the photodiode is lengthened, excellent directional characteristics can be obtained. However, when the distance between two optical fibers is small as in Example 2, the length of the sleeve needs to be longer, so in order to obtain excellent directional characteristics, the optical power monitor must be large. There is.
- a GRIN lens having a refractive index of 1.634 on the central axis and a refractive index gradient constant of 0.417 was used.
- the refractive index and the refractive index gradient constant are larger than those of the GRIN lens in the first embodiment.
- the angle formed by the light is larger than in the first embodiment. Therefore, the distance between the tap film and the photodiode with the lens was 8 mm, which was shorter than in the first embodiment.
- the refractive index is large, the light converges quickly in the GRIN lens, the Gaussian beam radius is reduced, and light is easily collected by the photodiode with lens.
- the light receiving sensitivity of the photodiode was 10.2 mA / w, and the light receiving sensitivity of the photodiode when an optical signal was input from the output optical fiber 14 was 19.
- the directional characteristics of this one-way optical power monitor were very good at 27.3 dB.
- one tap film of the unidirectional optical power monitor of Example 1 was a laminated film of Si ⁇ and TaO.
- the tap rate is 1%, the same as in Example 1.
- Example 1 In the one-way optical power monitor, only the sleeve materials shown in Table 1 were used for the optical power monitors Ml to M17, and only the sleeve materials were changed by the photodiode when the optical signal was input from the input optical fiber.
- the sensitivity of light received, the light sensitivity of the photodiode when an optical signal was input from the output optical fiber, the directional characteristics, and the dark current were measured and are shown in the same table. ⁇
- the current is the output current of the photodiode when neither the input optical fiber nor the output optical fiber has any optical input, so it is necessary to detect the light that has entered from outside through the sleeve wall. Means. In each of the optical power monitors, the quiescent current was 0.043 to 0.077 nA, which was a satisfactory value of less than 0.0 InA.
- the optical power monitor shown in FIG. 2 was obtained by dividing only the sleeve 9 into two in the length direction by the unidirectional optical power monitor of Example 1.
- the structure is such that the distance L between the optical axes can be changed by relatively moving the two divided sleeves 18 and 19.
- the lens diameter D of the photodiode 10 was 1.9 mm.
- Gaussian beam radius of light passing through tap film 8 When R was measured using a beam profiler, the Gaussian beam radius R was 0.38 mm.
- the light intensity at a certain optical axis distance L can be calculated using the Gaussian beam radius R.
- the photodiode with a lens detects light only when the light enters the lens of the optical diode, the distance between the optical axis of the GRIN lens 7 and the optical axis of the photodiode 10 with the lens is reduced. It was found that a relationship of 2L ⁇ 1.517R + D / 2 was established between the distance L, the radius R of the Gaussian beam of light transmitted through the tap film 8, and the lens diameter D of the photodiode.
- the directional characteristic becomes 25 dB or more when the distance L between the optical axes is 0.763 mm or more.
- the distance L between the optical axes when the distance L between the optical axes is larger than 0.95 mm, the light receiving sensitivity is sharply reduced, but the directional characteristic is reduced at the distance L between the optical axes of 0.95-1. Omm. Has become moderate.
- the distance L between the optical axes increases, the size of the through hole between the first circular hole and the second circular hole decreases, and the input light that enters from the input optical fiber and passes through the GRIN lens and the tap film is reduced. It is considered that the part guided to the lens of the photodiode through the through hole is reduced.
- the distance L between the optical axes must be 0.95 mm or less, that is, the lens diameter D / 2 of the photodiode or less.
- the distance L between the optical axes is required to satisfy the following inequality using the Gaussian beam radius R and the lens diameter D.
- FIGS. 4A to 4C show a seventh embodiment different from the sleeve shape of the first embodiment.
- Optical fiber The intermediate wall is provided at the same position as in FIG. 1 of the first embodiment so that a part of the light (indicated by a broken arrow) entering from 4 and reaching the tap film 8 is absorbed and reflected by the intermediate wall.
- Light (indicated by a solid arrow) entering from the optical fiber 13 and passing through the tap film 8 reaches the photodiode 10 via the first circular hole and the second circular hole. Since it is sufficient that the inner walls of the first circular hole and the second circular hole do not obstruct the optical path indicated by the solid line arrow, a sleeve having the shapes shown in FIGS.
- the sleeves 9 shown in Figs. 4 (a) and (b) are composed of cylindrical black alumina ceramics, using diamond whetstones from both ends, and the center axes of the first and second holes. And processed.
- the sleeve 9 shown in FIG. 4 (c) was obtained by adding a circular hole to a black alumina ceramic formed and sintered into a cylindrical shape having an inner slope by using a diamond grindstone.
- the directional characteristics of the unidirectional optical power monitor manufactured using these sleeves were 26.1 dB, the same as in Example 1.
- the unidirectional optical power monitor of the comparative example shown in the sectional view of FIG. 5 has the same structure as the unidirectional optical power monitor of Example 1 except for the structure of the sleeve.
- the same parts as those in FIG. 1 are indicated by the same reference numerals as those in FIG.
- the distance between the tap film 8 of the GRIN lens 7 and the lens of the photodiode 10 was set to 10 mm as in Example 1.
- the sleeve 38 connecting the GRIN lens 7 and the photodiode 10 is made of brown colored glass, and a gentle inclination is provided approximately in the middle of the glass sleeve to provide an optical axis between the GRIN lens optical axis and the photodiode optical axis. The distance between them was 0.9 mm.
- a part of the optical signal that has entered the GRIN lens 7 from the input optical fiber 13 passes through the tap film 8 and is detected by the photodiode 10 as indicated by the solid arrow in the figure.
- the portion of the optical signal that has entered the GRIN lens 7 from the output optical fiber 4 and has passed through the tap film 8 passes through the wall of the glass sleeve 38 and is emitted outside the monitor as indicated by the dashed arrow 43 in the figure. Therefore, light diode 10 does not detect it.
- the directional characteristics of this one-way optical power monitor were 23-24 dB, which was very good. This is probably because some light is reflected by the wall of the glass sleeve, or external light enters the sleeve, and the light is detected by the photodiode.
- the present invention provides a monitoring device for measuring an optical signal strength suitable for an optical communication circuit, particularly an amplifier circuit having an EDFA.
- the one-way optical power monitor of the present invention detects and measures only the optical signal that enters from the direction in which the optical signal intensity is to be measured, and does not measure the optical signal that enters from the opposite direction. The strength can be measured correctly. Furthermore, since this one-way optical power monitor is small, it can reduce the size of the entire optical communication circuit.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2006514674A JP3821167B2 (ja) | 2004-06-15 | 2005-05-24 | 一方向性光パワーモニター |
DE602005018640T DE602005018640D1 (de) | 2004-06-15 | 2005-05-24 | Unidirektionale optische leistungsüberwachungsvorrichtung |
US10/572,792 US7255497B2 (en) | 2004-06-15 | 2005-05-24 | Unidirectional optical power monitor |
EP05743590A EP1760503B1 (en) | 2004-06-15 | 2005-05-24 | Unidirectional optical power monitor |
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JP2004177175 | 2004-06-15 | ||
JP2004-177175 | 2004-06-15 |
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WO2005124415A1 true WO2005124415A1 (ja) | 2005-12-29 |
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PCT/JP2005/009404 WO2005124415A1 (ja) | 2004-06-15 | 2005-05-24 | 一方向性光パワーモニター |
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US (1) | US7255497B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1760503B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3821167B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100766291B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100427984C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602005018640D1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005124415A1 (ja) |
Cited By (6)
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EP1816499A1 (en) * | 2006-02-06 | 2007-08-08 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Unidirectional optical power monitor |
JP2008003211A (ja) * | 2006-06-21 | 2008-01-10 | Osaki Electric Co Ltd | インライン型ハイブリッド光デバイス |
CN104092493A (zh) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-10-08 | 四川飞阳科技有限公司 | 一种单向光功率监测器 |
CN114035274A (zh) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-02-11 | 深圳市欧亿光电技术有限公司 | 一种具有大衰减量的光衰减器 |
KR20230045855A (ko) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-04-05 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 광섬유 기반의 센서 모듈 및 이를 구비한 변형 센서 장치 |
US11782226B2 (en) | 2021-06-02 | 2023-10-10 | santec Holdings Corporation | Optical device, method of manufacturing optical device, and method of manufacturing optical device chip |
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JP3852709B2 (ja) * | 2005-01-31 | 2006-12-06 | 日立金属株式会社 | 光パワーモニターとその製造方法 |
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- 2005-05-24 EP EP05743590A patent/EP1760503B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-05-24 JP JP2006514674A patent/JP3821167B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-05-24 WO PCT/JP2005/009404 patent/WO2005124415A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-05-24 CN CNB2005800011912A patent/CN100427984C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-05-24 US US10/572,792 patent/US7255497B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1816499A1 (en) * | 2006-02-06 | 2007-08-08 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Unidirectional optical power monitor |
JP2008003211A (ja) * | 2006-06-21 | 2008-01-10 | Osaki Electric Co Ltd | インライン型ハイブリッド光デバイス |
CN104092493A (zh) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-10-08 | 四川飞阳科技有限公司 | 一种单向光功率监测器 |
US11782226B2 (en) | 2021-06-02 | 2023-10-10 | santec Holdings Corporation | Optical device, method of manufacturing optical device, and method of manufacturing optical device chip |
KR20230045855A (ko) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-04-05 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 광섬유 기반의 센서 모듈 및 이를 구비한 변형 센서 장치 |
KR102633654B1 (ko) | 2021-09-29 | 2024-02-06 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 광섬유 기반의 센서 모듈 및 이를 구비한 변형 센서 장치 |
CN114035274A (zh) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-02-11 | 深圳市欧亿光电技术有限公司 | 一种具有大衰减量的光衰减器 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1860393A (zh) | 2006-11-08 |
JPWO2005124415A1 (ja) | 2008-04-17 |
US7255497B2 (en) | 2007-08-14 |
KR100766291B1 (ko) | 2007-10-12 |
EP1760503A1 (en) | 2007-03-07 |
CN100427984C (zh) | 2008-10-22 |
US20070036491A1 (en) | 2007-02-15 |
JP3821167B2 (ja) | 2006-09-13 |
KR20060085660A (ko) | 2006-07-27 |
EP1760503A4 (en) | 2008-07-30 |
EP1760503B1 (en) | 2009-12-30 |
DE602005018640D1 (de) | 2010-02-11 |
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