WO2005120211A1 - Method of growing plant and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

Carbon dioxide and a liquid are fed to a binary nozzle, thereby forming a carbonic acid fog of about 10 μm average particle diameter containing carbon dioxide in a concentration of ≥ saturated concentration of atmospheric-pressure air, and the carbonic acid fog is intermittently sprayed over a plant. This enables acceleration of the growth of the plant efficiently, stably and continuously. Further, the rhizogenesis from scions can be accelerated efficiently and stably.

Description

 Specification

 Plant growing method and apparatus

 Technical field

 The present invention relates to a plant growing method and a cutting method. This technology promotes plant growth and can be widely used as a means to increase the yield of products such as agriculture and forestry. It is also a technique to promote rooting of cuttings of plants, and rooted cuttings are used in large quantities for purposes such as planting trees.

 Background art

 [0002] The present inventors have already applied a technique of giving carbonated water in which disodium carbon is dissolved at a high concentration to a plant to promote the growth of the plant (Patent Document 1), and a seedling planted with carbonated water. Technology that enables afforestation in areas with severe environmental stress (Patent Document 2), and at least one type of dissolved water selected from the group consisting of carbonated water, bicarbonate ionized water, and carbonated ion hydropower. A technique for promoting rooting of cuttings by supplying them to cuttings (Patent Document 3) has been developed.

 [0003] As a similar technique, a method for producing a carbon dioxide solution for growing plants and a supply device of a carbon dioxide solution for growing plants (Patent Documents 4 and 5) have been developed.

 Patent document 1: JP-A-2003-111521

 Patent Document 2: JP 2003-325063

 Patent Document 3: JP-A-2003-339227

 Patent Document 4: Patent No. 2843772

 Patent Document 5: Patent No. 2843773

 Disclosure of the invention

 Problems to be solved by the invention

[0004] However, after dissolving in water, carbon dioxide (HCO)

23), and a part of carbonic acid is ionized to generate hydrogen ions (H +), so that the hydrogen ion exponent (pH) decreases according to the partial pressure of carbon dioxide. For example, dissolving carbon dioxide in 1 liter of pure water to a saturation concentration of 1 atm gives a maximum of 10 3 ⁹¹ mol of hydrogen ions and a weight of 0.12 mM. It contains carbonate ions and its pH is 3.91. Therefore, when carbonated water with a reduced pH is given to a plant and grown by attaching carbonated water to the leaf surface, damage due to acidification and leaching of cations (NH + K +, etc.) from the plant occur. First to supply with previously developed technology

 Four ,

 However, there are still problems that are not optimal as technologies for stably and sustainably promoting plant growth, and for efficiently and stably promoting rooting from cuttings. Was.

 [0005] In addition, it is wasteful to prepare and store carbonated water in production scenes such as actual agriculture and forestry. That is, in the above-mentioned invention, a maximum of 1,491 mg of dioxygenated carbon can be dissolved per liter of water at 25 ° C. under 1 atm of dioxygenated carbon at 25 ° C., and a maximum of 2,815 mg at 5 ° C. Can be dissolved. However, at a gas partial pressure of 25 ° C in the atmosphere (350 ppm of diacid carbon, a partial pressure of carbon dioxide at which plants are grown under normal conditions), a maximum of 0.52 mg of diacid per liter of water can be obtained. Although carbon dioxide can be dissolved, it has a problem in that since it is at a saturated concentration, the prepared carbon dioxide-hydrogen-dissolved carbon dioxide is gasified and comes out.

 [0006] On the other hand, a technique and a cutting method (Patent Document 6) for exposing carbon dioxide to a certain space to give a high concentration of carbon dioxide to a plant to promote the growth of the plant (Patent Document 6) have been disclosed.

 2 Fertilizer application. Also, recently, CO

 A FACE experiment (Free Air CO Enrichment, open-type CO2

 twenty two

 It has become known that growth will increase. When plants are grown in such a gaseous environment, the growth proceeds rapidly at the beginning, but even in a closed environment such as a greenhouse, the gas diffusion rate is high, so it is necessary to keep adding CO at a high concentration. Is extremely expensive to maintain,

 2

 This is a barrier to continuing research. In order to reduce high maintenance costs, stop CO addition at night without photosynthesis, add CO only from the windward side,

 twenty two

 At present it is difficult to disseminate the effects economically and disseminate it.

[0007] Furthermore, the degree of opening of the stomata, which is the path of CO present in the leaves of plants, depends on the relative

 2

 It is affected by humidity.If the humidity is low, the pores tend to close and the CO concentration in the air is reduced.

2 Simply raising the level of power did not always help. Patent Document 6: JP-A-2001-186814

[0008] By the way, in the invention of Patent Document 1, immediately after dissolving pressurized CO in raw water,

 2

 Because the CO-dissolved water is sprayed on the plant, the above-mentioned problems such as carbonated water,

2

 I don't care. However, the invention of Patent Document 1 has a problem in that since the mist to be sprayed has a large particle size, almost all of the mist drops as droplets after coming into contact with the plant, and a sufficient effect cannot be obtained.

 [0009] Promoting plant cultivation and promoting rooting of cuttings can directly lead to industrial benefits, so plant cultivation can be carried out at a high level under various breeding environments. The development of simple and easy CO fertilization technology that promotes stable and continuous promotion and also enables rooting from cuttings with high efficiency and stability is awaited. In particular, stable supply of papermaking raw materials

 2

 In order to promote large-scale fixation of atmospheric carbon dioxide, it has been an issue to provide a method for efficiently producing cloned seedlings of Eucalyptus plants and Acacia plants planted on large areas. I have.

 [0010] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is a technology for promoting the stable, stable and sustainable growth of plants at a lower cost, more efficiently, and more efficiently than in the past. Provide cutting techniques to promote rooting from the roots.

 Means for solving the problem

 [0011] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a method for growing a plant according to the present invention comprises supplying carbon dioxide and a liquid to a two-fluid nozzle, and averaging carbon dioxide at a saturation concentration or higher in atmospheric air. Carbon dioxide fog with a particle size of 20 m or less is generated and sprayed intermittently on plants. Although the plant to which the present invention is applied is not particularly limited, it also functions effectively for rooting of cutting plants. In this sense, the plant growing method of the present invention can be said to be a cutting rooting promoting method.

[0012] The two-fluid nozzle according to the present invention is used in the above-described method for growing a plant, and is configured such that a high-pressure gas is supplied from an air supply line and a liquid is supplied from a liquid supply line. Further, the apparatus for producing carbonated fog according to the present invention is used in the above-described plant growing method, and includes a two-fluid nozzle, an air supply line for supplying high-pressure gas to the two-fluid nozzle, and And a supply line for supply. [0013] The carbonated fog having an average particle diameter of 20 m or less produced according to the present invention is typically intermittently sprayed into a closed space made of agricultural vinyl or the like. In this case, while the carbon dioxide fog floats in the closed space and evaporates while being suspended, it is possible to continuously provide appropriate humidity and increase the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere at the same time. Therefore, it is possible to easily and simultaneously realize the optimum humidity and carbon dioxide atmosphere for each plant. In addition, since the carbon dioxide fog sprayed by the present invention has a very small particle size, the contact area of carbonated water that comes into contact with plants is extremely small. No. In addition, less leaf wetting reduces the destruction of the cuticular structure (pettus layer) on the leaf surface and does not cause the problem of pathogen invasion.

 The carbonate fog of the present invention has an average particle diameter of 20 μm or less, but preferably has an average particle diameter of 15 μm or less, more preferably 10 μm or less. Here, the particle diameter is measured by a laser method using laser light with a measurement point of 200 mm from the ejection port in a state where carbonic acid fog is sprayed sideways. The immersion method in which fog is received on a plate glass coated with thick silicone oil and the number of particles is counted for each photographic power taken cannot be used because the particle size of the carbon dioxide fog of the present invention is small.

 [0015] In the above inventions, the liquid typically means water such as tap water or industrial water, but water containing other components is used without departing from the spirit of the present invention. You may do it. Similarly, the carbon dioxide may be supplied to the two-fluid nozzle alone, or may be supplied to the two-fluid nozzle after being mixed with another gas such as air. When using a high-pressure gas in which carbon dioxide and air are mixed in advance, the mixed concentration of carbon dioxide can be increased or decreased without changing the pressure of the high-pressure gas, and the carbon dioxide can be adjusted independently of the humidity conditions. The advantage is that the concentration can be controlled.

[0016] The two-fluid nozzle of the present invention is a device that generates a fog by causing a liquid such as water to collide with a gas containing carbon dioxide at a high speed. Such two-fluid nozzles generally include an internal mixing type in which two fluids collide inside the nozzle, an external mixing type in which two fluids collide outside the nozzle, and fine particles generated by each two-fluid nozzle. Further, there is a collision type in which collision occurs. In the present invention, any type may be used. However, in order to prevent clogging, gas and liquid are ejected separately and then collide in the outer space of the nozzle. External mixed or collision type should be used.

 As an operation method of the two-fluid nozzle, a pressurization method in which a gas and a liquid are respectively pressurized and supplied to the nozzle may be adopted, but the liquid is automatically sucked in due to the gas ejection operation. The siphon type is superior in simplicity.

 The invention's effect

 According to the plant growing method and the cutting method of the present invention, facility agriculture using CO gas

 2

 Compared to the FACE forest experiment, not only can CO gas concentration be increased

 2

 It is also effective in maintaining the temperature and humidity in the air. Furthermore, compared to the conventionally disclosed plant growing method and cutting method in which carbonated water in which diacid carbon is dissolved in a high concentration is provided to the plant, the amount of carbonated water is not excessively attached to the leaf surface, Carbonated water can be made and used on the spot. From the above, it is possible to promote the growth of plants inexpensively, stably and sustainably, and to promote the rooting of cuttings as compared with the prior art.

 Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a schematic configuration of an apparatus for producing carbonic acid fog.

 FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-sectional configuration of a discharge nozzle.

 [Figure 3] Central sectional view of the nozzle body (a), right side view of the nozzle body (b), central sectional view of the relay section (c), right side view of the relay section (d), FIG. 5 is a central cross-sectional view of the relay section in an assembled state.

 [FIG. 4] Central cross-sectional view of the proximal nozzle section (a), right side view of the proximal nozzle section (b), central cross-sectional view of the distal nozzle section (c), right side view of the distal nozzle section (d), FIG. 4 is a central sectional view of a discharge nozzle (e), a central sectional view of a cap portion (f), and a right side view of a cap portion (g).

 FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing a schematic configuration of a carbon dioxide fog production apparatus with improved practicality.

 FIG. 6 is a drawing showing a growth promoting effect of carbonic acid fog.

 FIG. 7 is a drawing showing an increase in carbon dioxide concentration by carbon dioxide fog.

 Explanation of symbols

[0020] 5 Two-fluid nozzle (discharge nozzle)

EQU Carbonated fog production equipment BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

 Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a carbonic acid fog production apparatus EQU of the present invention, which is typically installed in a greenhouse. When this device EQU is operated by supplying only carbon dioxide at a pressure of 0.4 MPa and a flow rate of about 30 to 40 liters Z, an ultrafine mist with an average particle diameter of about 7.0 to 14.0 m is obtained. Carbon dioxide fog having a dissolved carbon dioxide concentration of 2000 mgZ liter or more can be produced. The portion shown by the broken line in FIG. 1 is a portion used for a control experiment of the plant growing method of the present invention, and does not realize the present invention.

 [0022] As shown in the figure, this manufacturing apparatus EQU adjusts the gas pressure of the compressor 1 that generates compressed air, the gas cylinder 2 that contains the carbon dioxide, and the gas pressure of the carbon dioxide that is output from the gas cylinder 2. It is composed of a regulator 3 that controls the operation state of the EQU of the present device, a discharge nozzle 5 that outputs carbon dioxide fog, and a liquid tank 6 that stores water for carbon dioxide fog.

 Here, the control main unit 4 includes check valves 7 and 9, needle valves 8 and 10, an electromagnetic on-off valve 11, and a sequencer 12 for controlling the operation of the needle valves 8 and 10 and the electromagnetic on-off valve 11. It consists of: Then, the opening ratio of the needle valves 8 and 10 is appropriately adjusted to adjust the mixing ratio of air and carbon dioxide. However, if it is not necessary to adjust the dissolved amount of carbon dioxide, the compressed air flow path consisting of the compressor 1, the check valve 7, and the dollar valve 8 is not necessary. The flow passage is not always essential for the present invention.

 [0024] Providing a flow passage for compressed air, however, enables an appropriate humidifying effect to be exhibited in a greenhouse, if necessary. When this device is used only for such humidification purpose, the force to open the needle valve 8 while closing the needle valve 10 In this case, only the compressed air is supplied to the discharge nozzle 5. Thus, water fog containing no carbon dioxide can be generated.

FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-sectional structure of an example of the discharge nozzle 5. As shown in the figure, the discharge nozzle 5 has a nozzle body 20 formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, a substantially ring-shaped relay portion 21 forming a high-pressure gas passage, and a high-pressure gas-liquid passage. Base end to form It comprises a nozzle section 22, a tip nozzle section 23 for ejecting a liquid and a high-pressure gas to collide with each other, and a cap section 24 for fastening the above sections 21, 22, 23 to the nozzle body section 20 and fixing them. . The protrusions 25, 25 provided on the outer periphery of the distal end of the nozzle body 20 (see FIG. 3 (b)) The circumferential grooves 26, 26 provided on the inner periphery of the base end of the force cap portion 24 (FIG. 4 (f) (g), the cap part 24 is fixed to the nozzle body part 20.

 [0026] The nozzle body 20 in FIG. 2 is made of metal such as stainless steel or plastic, and as shown in the central cross-sectional view of FIG. The suction passage 31 and the receiving opening 32 of the member on the distal end side are each formed in a columnar shape. As shown in FIG. 3 (b), which is a right side view of FIG. 3 (a), the columnar gas introduction path 30 communicates with the receiving opening 32 through the arcuate communication groove 33.

 [0027] The relay portion 21 is a cylindrical integrally molded product made of an elastic material such as a rubber material. As shown in FIGS. 3 (c) and 3 (d), the relay portion 21 is connected to the central through hole 34 at four locations. A hole 35 is formed. As shown in FIG. 3 (e) in the assembled state, the communication hole 35 communicates with the arcuate communication groove 33, and the high-pressure gas introduced from the gas introduction passage 30 receives four communication holes. It will be introduced in 35. The central through-hole 34 is continuous with the suction passage 31 of the nozzle body 20. As described above, between the gas introduction path 30 and the base end nozzle section 22, the relay section 21, which is an elastic body, is disposed, and the relay section 21 is compressed by the cap member 23, thereby achieving high airtightness. Is performed.

 As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the proximal nozzle portion 22 includes a round bar-shaped small-diameter portion 22a, a large-diameter portion 22b, a medium-diameter portion 22c, a conical portion 22d, and a cylindrical protrusion 22e. It is configured integrally. The outer diameter of the small-diameter portion 22a corresponds to the inner diameter of the central through hole 34 of the relay portion 21, and the outer diameter of the large-diameter portion 22b matches the outer diameter of the relay portion 21. 4 (e)).

[0029] The base nozzle 22 has a columnar liquid passage 36 formed therethrough through the small-diameter portion 22a, the large-diameter portion 22b, and the middle-diameter portion 22c. The liquid passage 36 is continuous with a small-diameter ejection passage 37 formed in the conical portion 22d and the protruding portion 22e. The inner diameter of the ejection passage 37 is not particularly limited, but is about 0.3 to 0.7 mm and is not extremely thin, so that there is little possibility of clogging. A cylindrical gas passage 38 is formed through the large diameter portion 22b and the medium diameter portion 22c. As shown in FIG. 4 (b), which is a right side view of FIG. Are equally formed in the circumferential direction. The gas passage 38 communicates with the communication hole 35 of the relay section 21 (see FIG. 4 (e)), and the high-pressure gas that has passed through the four communication holes 35 is further pressurized to three gas It will be introduced into passage 38.

 As shown in FIG. 4C, the distal nozzle portion 23 has an internal structure substantially corresponding to the middle diameter portion 22c and the conical portion 22d of the proximal nozzle portion 22. More specifically, the distal nozzle portion 23 has a flange portion 39 having the same outer diameter as the large diameter portion 22b of the proximal nozzle portion 22, an outer peripheral portion 40 continuous with the flange portion 39, and a high pressure gas directed toward the center. The two tip portions 41, 41, which are ejected so as to hit each other, and the central portion 42 are integrally formed.

 [0031] Two cylindrical holes 43, 43 are formed outside the central portion 42, and the cylindrical holes 43 are continuous with the conical holes 44, 44 of the distal end portion 41. Further, small-diameter ejection holes 45, 45 are formed in the distal end portion 41 so as to be continuous with the conical holes 44, 44. The ejection holes 45, 45 are formed so as to be inclined so as to intersect at the position of the center axis of the distal nozzle portion 23 and the proximal nozzle portion 22 (see FIG. 4 (e)).

 [0032] The central portion 42 has a conical taper surface 42a having a gentler smooth surface than the conical portion 22d of the proximal nozzle portion 22, and a central hole 46 is formed at the center of the distal end. I have. As shown in FIG. 4 (e), the cylindrical projection 22e of the proximal nozzle portion 22 is inserted into the center hole 46, and the conical portion 22d of the proximal nozzle portion 22 and the conical taper surface 42a of the central portion 42 are inserted. A gas passage narrowing toward the tip is formed between them.

 The discharge nozzle 5 shown in FIG. 1 is configured as described above. Therefore, the high-pressure gas supplied from the control main unit 4 is ejected from the ejection hole 45 through the gas introduction path 30, the communication groove 33, the communication hole 35, and the gas passage 38, and is also formed around the cylindrical projection 22e. It is further pressurized and ejected from the formed gas passage. Therefore, the distal end side of the cylindrical projection 22e is in a negative pressure state, and the liquid stored in the liquid tank 6 is sucked by the siphon principle. The suctioned liquid becomes narrower in the traveling direction with the suction flow path 31, the central through hole 34, the liquid path 36, and the ejection path 37, so that the liquid is spouted vigorously from the cylindrical projection 22e. .

[0034] As described above, the high-pressure gas in the gas passage 38 is also ejected from the small-diameter ejection holes 45. The ejection direction of the high-pressure gas ejected from these two ejection holes 45 is The force intersected on the center axis of the liquid. The liquid sucked into the high-pressure gas is ejected to the center axis together with the high-pressure gas at a high speed. Therefore, at the intersection 0 (see Fig. 4 (e)), the liquid and the gas collide again at a high speed, and as a result, the liquid particles become ultrafine to an average particle diameter of about 7.0 to 14.0 m. In addition, a high concentration of dissolved gas can be achieved by contact of the gas with the fine liquid.

By the above operation, carbon dioxide fog having a high dissolved concentration of carbon dioxide is ejected from the discharge nozzle 5. The carbon fog particles are so fine that they stay in the air for a long time after being ejected, and are effective in growing plants because the area of contact with plants is small.

 [0036] The effect of the present device EQU can be further described as follows. In other words, it is the concentration of carbon dioxide in the intercellular space of plant leaves that controls the rate-limiting step of carbon fixation (such as photosynthesis) necessary for plant growth. The most effective way to increase this is to increase the concentration of carbon dioxide around the leaves of the plant and at the same time to increase the humidity around the leaves of the plant so that the pores are sufficiently open. It is. According to the present apparatus EQU, the concentration of carbon dioxide and the humidity around the leaves of the plant can be simultaneously and simply increased in an inexpensive and high state as much as possible. It is thought that promotion of rooting of cuttings is easily achieved.

 [0037] Further, the maximum width of the stomatal opening is a characteristic peculiar to the plant species, but is known to be in the range of 1 to 10 m except for evergreen conifers and desert shrubs. According to the present invention, which grows a plant in a carbonated fog atmosphere consisting of a range of sizes of carbonated water, the carbonated water can directly enter the intercellular space of the plant leaf through the pore opening, so that the plant Promotion of breeding and rooting of cuttings are thought to be easily achieved

[0038] In addition to carbon dioxide fixation (photosynthesis, etc.) necessary for plant cultivation, nitrogen and phosphate (per leaf area) contained in leaves other than the concentration of carbon dioxide in the intercellular space of the leaves of the plant are included. Raw water for producing the carbonic acid fog of the present invention may contain these because it depends on the amounts of trace elements such as potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron and other trace elements. Each concentration can be freely changed according to the type of plant to be grown or cut. [0039] The plants targeted by the present invention include, but are not particularly limited to, all common plants used in agriculture, forestry, and horticulture. Among them, the techniques of growing and cutting the cuttings of the genus Iris and Acacia, which have been widely planted in recent years, are particularly important.

 [0040] Eucalyptus plants include Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus grandis (E. grandis), Eucalyptus globulus, and Eucalyptus nitens as pulpwood species for papermaking. E. nitens), eucalyptus 'E. tereticornis' ゝ eucalyptus 'E. urophylla' ゝ eucalyptus 'E. dunnii', etc. Varieties and landscaping 'greening' ornamental species include eucalyptus 'Dan- (E. gunnii), eucalyptus' E. viminalis) and the like. Acacia plants include Acacia auriculiformis (Acacia auriculiformis), Acacia mangium (A. mangium), Acacia mearansi (A. mearnsii), and Acacia classica (A crassicarpa), acacia 'A. aulacocarpa', etc., and hybrids having these as one parent, and their subspecies, varieties, and landscaping-greening 'as ornamental species, A. baileyana, Husa acacia (A. dealbata) etc. are included.

 By the way, in the above description, the force described for the “external mixing type” that mixes the liquid and the gas outside the discharge nozzle, in particular, the liquid inside the discharge nozzle is not limited to this configuration. And an "internal mixing type" for mixing gas and gas. Alternatively, a “collision type” in which the external mixing type discharge nozzles face each other and the particles are further hit against each other may be used. In any case, in the present invention, since the two-fluid nozzle is used, it is possible to produce high-concentration carbon dioxide fog with a simple configuration.

[0042] Also, in the present device EQU, the siphon system is adopted, and the liquid is sucked and supplied to the discharge nozzle, so that a liquid pump is not required, and in this sense, the simplicity is excellent. However, in the case where it is desired to increase the spray amount, which is not particularly limited to the siphon system, the liquid may be supplied to the discharge nozzle using a liquid pump. It is to be noted that, as described above, the liquid tank 6 may store nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron, and other components in the raw water. Also, if necessary, use raw water containing liquid manure or pesticides. In this case, the discharge nozzle is An operation mode in which the operation is performed without supplying elements is also conceivable.

 Further, as a more practical system, a force that requires a large number of discharge nozzles 5... 5 In this case, as shown in FIG. It is effective to provide valves 118 '' and 118 '' and operate them in a time-sequential manner by controlling the sequencer 12. According to such a configuration of FIG. 5, the capacity of the compressor 1 ゃ regulator 3 is reduced. It is possible to operate a large number of discharge nozzles 5 · · · 5 without increasing the pressure.Furthermore, close the installation location of each discharge nozzle 5 · · · 5, the humidity sensor and carbon dioxide concentration It is more effective to arrange a gas sensor to be measured and supply the carbon dioxide fog only to the necessary places.While closing the solenoid on-off valve 11 and opening the solenoid on-off valve 11 ', water fog In this case, too, the solenoid on-off valve 11Α · · · It is only necessary to operate 11A in time sequence.

 Example

 Hereinafter, the method for growing a plant and the method for cutting according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples.

 <Example Comparative Example 1>

 A vinyl dome covered with agricultural vinyl was provided, and the carbonated carbon dioxide equipment EQU shown in Fig. 1 was installed on both sides in the longitudinal direction. Then, using the broken line part of the carbon dioxide fog production equipment EQU, as a control experiment, air with a pressure increased to 0.4 Mpa by an air compressor was applied to tap water at a rate of 40 liters per minute per nozzle (hereinafter referred to as 40 L). Fine fog (fog) was created and sprayed into the dome covered with agricultural vinyl for 15 seconds at intervals of 15 minutes during the sunshine hours from 5:00 to 17:00 (Comparative Example 1). In this case, the spray amount was 40 ccZ per nozzle.

On the other hand, the above air (0.4 Mpa: 22.5 L / min per nozzle) was mixed with carbon dioxide blown from a carbon dioxide gas cylinder at a pressure of 0.4 Mpa at a rate of 17.5 L per minute, and mixed at a rate of 80 L per minute. Tap water is drawn into carbonated water fine fog (carbonated fog) and sprayed into the dome covered with agricultural vinyl for 15 seconds from 5:00 to 17:00 at 15 minute intervals during the daylight hours (Example 1). ). The spray amount was the same as that in Comparative Example 1, and the concentration of dissolved carbon dioxide measured by collecting the sprayed carbonated water was 700 mg / L. The average particle size of the carbon dioxide fog was about 10 m when measured at a measurement point of 200 mm from the jet port by the laser method. [0046] Four cuttings of Eucalyptus globulus (E. globulus) cuttings, which grew as experimental plants, were grown in each experimental environment for 65 days. The irrigation was performed by automatic irrigation so that ImmZ days would be calculated in terms of rainfall.

 [0047] The seedling height of the experimental plants grown in Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 was measured over time, and the seedling height at the start of the experiment, the seedling height 65 days after the start of the experiment, and the seedling height 65 days after the start of the experiment were tested. The growth rate divided by the seedling height at the start is shown in Table 1 as the mean standard deviation. Figure 6 shows the change in the average seedling height over time.

 [Table 1]

 Growth promotion effect of carbonic fog

Seedling height at start of experiment ( _Cl m) Seedling height after start of experiment ( _Cl m) Increase rate 65 days after start of experiment Comparative example 1 30.9 ± 0.7 41.3+ 1.5 1.34 ± 0.03

 Example 1 30.6 ± 1.9 44.6 ± 1.7 * 1.46 ± 0.09 *

 *: Significant difference by statistical test

 [0049] In Example 1, the carbon dioxide fog gradually increased the growth promoting effect after the start of the experiment compared to Comparative Example 1, and a statistically significant difference in the seedling height and the increase rate appeared 65 days after the start of the experiment. Was.

 <Example 2, Comparative Example 2>

 Next, under the same experimental environment as in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, eucalyptus globulus (E.globulus) was used as an experimental plant, and cuttings were performed in 12 replicates of 6 in each experimental environment. .揷 Moisture Two months later, excavation was carried out, and the number of roots, callus, and rot was counted. Table 2 shows the results.

[0050] [Table 2]

Carbon dioxide fog promotes rooting of cuttings

 Out of 6 each Comparative Example 2 Example 2

 Repetition rooting callus rot rooting callus rot

 1 1 1 4 3 0 3

 2 2 3 1 3 1 2

 3 2 1 3 2 3 1

 4 0 2 4 1 0 5

 5 1 1 4 0 1 4

 6 1 2 3 3 1 2

 7 1 0 5 1 2 3

 8 2 1 3 2 2 2

 9 1 2 3 4 0 2

 10 0 1 5 4 0 2

 1 1 0 0 6 4 1 1

 12 0 0 6 3 3 0

 Average soil deviation 0.9 ± 0.8 1.2 ± 0.9 3.9 ± 1.4 2.5 ± 1.3 * 1.2 ± 1.1 2.3 ± 1.4 *

 Total number 1 1 14 47 30 14 27 Rate (%) 15 19 65 42 19 38

*: Significant difference by statistical test

[0051] In Example 2, the effect of carbonic acid fog on promoting rooting appeared compared to Comparative Example 2, and the number of roots increased and the number of rots decreased, resulting in a statistically significant difference.

 <Example 3, Comparative Example 3>

 For comparative tests, the first and second vinyl domes, each covered with agricultural vinyl, were installed in the greenhouse. As a control experiment, high-concentration carbonated water obtained by the plant growing apparatus described in FIG. 1 of Patent Document 1 was placed in the first vinyl dome.

 2,000 mg / L) was sprayed at a pressure of 0.2 Mpa with a mist nozzle force of 30 minutes at intervals of 10 seconds (carbonic acid mist; Comparative Example 3). When the carbonated water near the sprayed outlet was collected and the concentration was measured, it was 980 mg / L.

 [0052] Also, the result of measuring the concentration of carbon dioxide in the first vinyl dome immediately after spraying was as follows:

420 ppm. At this time, the carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse was also 420 ppm, and no increase in the carbon dioxide concentration in the first vinyl dome was observed. The humidity in the first vinyl dome became 90% or more immediately after spraying. Six minutes after the force spraying, the humidity reached equilibrium with the humidity in the greenhouse (70%).

 On the other hand, using the carbon dioxide fog producing apparatus EQU of FIG. 1 of the present invention,

A second vinyl dome installed in a greenhouse for 10 seconds at 10-minute intervals by blowing out carbon dioxide at a pressure of 0.4 Mpa at a rate of 30 L / min per nozzle and drawing tap water into the fog. (Example 3). The concentration of the carbonated water collected near the sprayed outlet was measured and found to be 2,000 mg / L.

FIG. 7 shows the results of successive measurements of the carbon dioxide concentration in the second vinyl dome immediately after spraying. After spraying the carbon dioxide fog, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the dome rises sharply. This is probably because the carbon dioxide that is insoluble in water blew out. After that, the carbon dioxide fog floated inside the dome, so that the carbon dioxide concentration could be kept at 1,000 ppm or more for 2 minutes after spraying. Six minutes after spraying (300 seconds), the amount of carbon dioxide in the dome was still about 500 ppm. Since the concentration of carbon dioxide in the greenhouse was 420 ppm, it was confirmed that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the second vinyl dome was increasing. Humidity was more than 90% immediately after spraying and more than 80% 6 minutes after spraying, and was kept higher than the humidity in the greenhouse (70%).

[0055] The above operation was repeated every day for two months from 5:00 to 17:00 for the first and second vinyl domes. On the other hand, the rooting rate of carbonate fog (Example 3) was improved to 50%. Note that the spray interval (30 minutes) in Comparative Example 3 was considerably longer than the spray interval (10 minutes) in Example 3, but this is an optimal value for the above-described comparative example. Experimental power

Industrial applicability

[0056] The present invention can be widely applied to agriculture 'forestry' and horticulture in general, and can increase yield and quality of crops such as cereals and vegetables, flowers and fruits, plantations and 'trees for greening'. It has an excellent effect on improvement and large-scale clone propagation by cuttings.

Claims

The scope of the claims

 [1] The carbon dioxide and the liquid are supplied to a two-fluid nozzle to produce carbon dioxide fog having an average particle diameter of 20 μm or less containing the carbon dioxide at a saturation concentration or more in the atmospheric pressure atmosphere. And a method of growing a plant in which this is intermittently sprayed on the plant.

[2] The method for growing a plant according to claim 1, wherein the plant is a cutting plant.

[3] The carbon dioxide fog is generated by separately jetting the nozzle force at a high speed from the diacid carbon and the liquid, and then colliding in the outer space of the nozzle. The method for growing a plant according to the above.

4. The growing method according to claim 1, wherein the liquid is automatically sucked into the nozzle due to the carbon dioxide being ejected from the nozzle.

[5] Used in the breeding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,

 Air supply line force A two-fluid nozzle that is supplied with high-pressure gas and liquid supply line force.

[6] Used in the breeding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,

 An apparatus for producing carbon dioxide fog, comprising: a two-fluid nozzle; an air supply line for supplying a high-pressure gas to the two-fluid nozzle; and a liquid supply line for supplying a liquid to the two-fluid nozzle.