WO2005110742A1

WO2005110742A1 - Air drain of wood-charcoal-different material composite for humanbody-favored building material

Info

Publication number: WO2005110742A1
Application number: PCT/KR2005/001243
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hwa-Hyoung Lee; Youn-Mean Cho; Han-Sang Park
Original assignee: The Industry & Academic Cooperation In Chungnam National University(Iac)
Priority date: 2004-04-29
Filing date: 2005-04-29
Publication date: 2005-11-24
Also published as: KR20040052718A; KR100517139B1; JP2008500910A; CN1976808A

Abstract

In order to solve the Sick House problems affecting human bodies which are caused by interior finishing materials of buildings such as various wall papers, paint and other VOC discharging material by using properties of charcoal, considering the inferiority of charcoal boards in decorative effect upon use for residential environment, due to its surface color of black, the present invention provides a method for preparing a composite material comprising a wood and wooden material disposed at the surface for providing natural beauty and advantages of wood and a charcoal board (activated charcoal board) or a porous charcoal-filled box disposed at the back, in which the wood and wooden material and the charcoal and activated charcoal board or the charcoal filled box are joined in a slider model, a siding model or a louver model to have air drains for sufficiently transferring properties of charcoal disposed at the back to the front, in which the air drains are provided in an area rate of 2.5 to 5%.

Description

AIR DRAIN OF WOOD-CHARCOAL-DIFFERENT MATERIAL COMPOSITE FOR HUMANBODY-FAVORED BUILDING MATERIAL

Technical Field The present invention relates to a method for preparing a composite material comprising a wood and wooden material disposed and a charcoal and activated charcoal board or a porous charcoal-filled box, in which the wood and wooden material and the charcoal and activated charcoal board or the charcoal filled box are joined in a slider model, a siding model or a louver model to have air drains for sufficiently transferring properties of charcoal disposed at the back, in which the air drains are provided in an area rate of 2.5 to 5%.

Background Art In general, charcoal has properties of moisturization, ventilation, adsorption, heat storage and can purify air by adsorbing offensive odor and toxic gases, emit far-infrared rays and anions, prevent noise and shielding electromagnetic waves and harmful waves. Also, it is used as a material to promote blood circulation and metabolism and to stabilize mental and physical conditions. Therefore, recently, many households use charcoal by placing several lumps of charcoal contained in a certain container next to computers and televisions or in wardrobes and at a corner of a living room, which is not favorable in the appearance. A method for filling in the ground for building with charcoal has been used in ancient toms since 2000 years ago and increases electric potential of residential environment, releases anions and makes optimum environment for human bodies and construction materials by anti-oxidation, air purification, gas adsorption, humidity adjustment, emission of far-infrared rays and the like. Recently, in application to the interior of buildings, charcoal is put in a bag of non-woven fabric to be placed under a floor of a living room or is contained in a sheet to be inserted in walls to induce pleasant and fresh conditions. The method for preparing a charcoal board by carbonization, that is, the wood ceramic method (Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 4-164806) was developed to solve the problems generating upon carbonization of general wood charcoal, such as splitting and twisting. However, this method had disadvantages in that it comprises 4 steps, making it complicated and a large amount of phenol resins are consumed (60 to 100% of fiber board). Meanwhile, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-2002-0003999, issued to the present applicant disclosed a method for preparing a clay-wood ceramic using clay as porous carbonaceous substance, thereby reducing the process into 2 steps. However, both the wood ceramic and the clay- wood ceramic should be carbonized into a plate of a large area to be used as construction materials and an apparatus for continuously carrying out such carbonization of a large area for a long period of time requires enormous equipment investment and accuracy. Therefore, Korean Patent Application No. 10-2003-0048137 disclosed a method for preparing a composite of a functional board and a charcoal board by introducing porous carbonaceous materials as human body-friendly materials for residential environments while properly processing particle sizes of charcoal or carbide chips prepared using a conventional carburizing furnace and a continuous carburizing furnace, or commercially available activated charcoal and preventing deterioration in functions of charcoal due to use of an adhesive, in which the board composite is free from VOC problems caused by formalin and volatile solvents, is readily formed and hot pressed and has sufficient strength and surface properties to be used as construction elements. In some advanced countries including Japan, due to sick house related problems, the revised Building Standards Acts has been applied since July, 2003. As a result, formalin free interior firiishing materials of E0 type having formalin release of nearly 0 are now used to solve the VOC problems. The housing industry and the wood industry make an effort to promptly cope with environmental response. According to the Ministry of Environment of Korea in 2000, the VOC level showing the indoor environment pollution was 600 ppb, more than 8 times of the standard value, in buildings which had been 3 months or more old from construction, due to wall paper (3833 βg/m² h), various paints,

formalin based adhesives used in wooden materials and the like. Therefore, if a construction element using charcoal may realize the properties of charcoal such as air purification, emission of far-infrared rays and anions, sound proof, shielding of electromagnetic wave and harmful waves through purification of volatile organic compounds, removal of offensive odor, and moisturization, ventilation, adsorption and heat storage, it would be a superior human body-friendly material. However, in the construction industry largely using concrete and cement, since the charcoal products usually show the surface color of black, they have a limit in application as residential environment elements and thus, it is desired to have a composite material to supplement the decorative aspect. Previously, the present applicant has been developed composites of charcoal board overlaid with a thin veneer or combined with a perforated woodfiber tile to have good surface properties. However, they failed to attain natural beauty and decorative effect of wood which are the diverse requirements of consumers and thus, there is a demand to have a technology of a novel composite material with improved decorative effect as well as functional effects. Disclosure of Invention In order to solve the foregoing problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for preparing a composite material comprising a wood and a wooden material disposed at the surface for providing natural beauty and advantages of wood and a charcoal board (activated charcoal board) or charcoal-filled box disposed at the back, in which the wood and wooden material and the charcoal board are joined to have air drains for transferring functions of charcoal, in which the air drains are provided in a proper rate. Also, in order to improve the previously filed invention directed to method for preparing a functional charcoal board and a composite material for building interior comprising a charcoal board overlaid with a wooden veneer or combined with a perforated plywood for decoration of the surface of the charcoal board, it is another object of the present invention to provide a method for preparing a composite material for building comprising a wood and wooden material disposed at the surface for providing functions of wood such as strength and decorative effect and a charcoal board or a porous box (of a metal, plastic or wood) filled with charcoal powder or activated charcoal particles disposed at the back, in which the wood and wooden material and the charcoal and activated charcoal board or the charcoal filled box are joined in a slider model, a siding model or a louver model to have air drains for transferring properties of charcoal disposed at the back to the front so that the composite material can be used as a human body-favored material for residential environment, in which the air drains are provided in a proper rate. To achieve the above object, according to the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a composite material for residential environment comprising a wood and wooden material disposed at the surface and a charcoal board (or a activated charcoal board) disposed at the back, in which the wood and wooden material and the charcoal board are joined in a slider model, a siding model or a louver model to have air drains for activating functions of charcoal board disposed at the back. Also, according to the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a composite material for wall elements for residential environment comprising a wood and wooden material disposed at the surface and a porous box (having a porosity of 39% to prevent charcoal powder or activated charcoal particles from escaping and made of a metal, plastic or wood, for example, a metal net, FIG. 1) filled with charcoal powder or activated charcoal particles disposed at the back, in which the wood and wooden material and the charcoal filled box are joined in a slider model, a siding model or a louver model to have proper air drains for activating functions of charcoal disposed at the back. Thus, in the joint between the wood and wooden material as the surface material and the charcoal and activated charcoal board or the charcoal filled box, the area rate of air drains to the charcoal board or the charcoal particles-filled box is critical to the activation of functions of the charcoal board or charcoal particles disposed at the back.

Brief Description of Drawings Further objects and advantages of the present invention can be more fully understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 shows a joint of composite material in slider model according to the present invention; FIG. 2 shows a joint of composite material in siding model according to the present invention; FIG. 3 shows a joint of composite material in louver model according to the present invention. Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention Now, the present invention is described through the following examples. Example 1 This example was carried out to determine a proper rate of air drains provided at the joint between the wood and wooden material and the charcoal board to transfer properties of charcoal board at the back in the composite material according to the present invention. Fine charcoal of Oriental oak (Quercus variabilis BE) from Wonju-shi, Kangwon- do (Korea) and imported activated charcoal (particle size of 6-18 mesh) of coconut shell were used to prepare a charcoal board of porous carbonaceous material. The fine charcoal board was prepared in a mixed type according to the method described in Korean

Patent Application No. 10-2003-0048137, which disclosed a functional charcoal board of porous carbonaceous material and a method for preparing a composite material of a charcoal board. The surface material was a wood and wooden material and the back material was a fine charcoal board or an activated charcoal board. It is clear to those possessing ordinary knowledge in this filed that the properties of the composite material varied depending on types and thickness of the ingredients and thus, the explanation is omitted. With respect to the structure of air drains in the joint between the composite material to transfer the properties of charcoal of the charcoal board disposed at the back of the wood and wooden material which was used for surface decoration according to the present invention, the following explanation is focused on how the rate of the area of the air drains provided at the joint in a slider model (FIG. 1), a siding models (FIG. 2) and a louver model (FIG. 3) to the area of the entire charcoal board was related to activation of functions of the charcoal board at the back. Referring to ethylene gas adsorption rate of the charcoal board at the back of the composite material according to the area rate of air drains in the joint the two composite materials, as shown in Table 1, when the rate of area of the air drains to the area of the fine charcoal board was 20%, after 3 hours, the fine charcoal board disposed at the back of the interior wall showed the same effect as the fine charcoal board was exposed 100% in the front of the interior wall, with a gas adsorption of about 55% and a residual gas of 45%. When the area rate of the air drains was 10%, after 6 hours, the fine charcoal board disposed at the back of the interior wall showed the same effect as the fine charcoal board was exposed 100% in the front of the interior wall and when the area rate of the air drains was 5%, after 24 hours, the fine charcoal board disposed at the back of the interior wall showed the same effect as the fine charcoal board was exposed 100% in the front of the interior wall. The activated charcoal board showed much higher gas adsorption rate that the fine charcoal board. When the rate of area of the air drains to the area of the activated charcoal board was 5%, within 3 hours, the activated charcoal board disposed at the back of the interior wall showed the same effect as the activated charcoal board was exposed 100% in the front of the interior wall. Even when the area rate of the air drains was reduced to 2.5%, within 12 hours, the activated charcoal board disposed at the back of the interior wall showed the same effect as the activated charcoal board was exposed 100% in the front of the interior wall, with a gas adsorption of 90%. Thus, in the joint of the composite material in a slider model, a siding model and a louver model, the area rate of the air drains to the charcoal board was 5%, the activated charcoal board and the fine charcoal board disposed at the back of the interior wall showed the same effect as they were exposed 100% in the front of the interior wall, within 12 hours and 24 hours, respectively, and thus, it was proved that the composite material according to the present invention could be used as a functional building material providing natural beauty of the wood and wooden material and advantages of wood at the surface along with properties of charcoal at the back.

Table 1 Ethylene gas adsorption rate of charcoal board at the back of composite material according to area rate of air drains in joint

composite material *2: The change in the blank concentration of ethylene gas in the test container, in ppm *3: The change in the residual concentration of ethylene gas in the container according to time, in ppm, where the charcoal board (dimension: 5 cm X 5 cm X 1 cm) was loaded in the test container and treated to adsorbed gas only through the surface. The smaller number means that the more gas was adsorbed.

Example 2 This example was carried out to determine a proper rate of air drains provided at the joint between the wood and wooden material and the charcoal particles and activated charcoal particles filled body to transfer properties of charcoal in the composite material according to the present invention. Fine charcoal of Oriental oak (Quercus variabilis BE) from Wonju-shi, Kangwon- do (Korea) and imported activated charcoal (particle size of 6-18 mesh) of coconut shell were used as charcoal for the composite material of the wood and wooden material and the charcoal particles-filled box according. As compared to the arrangement of Example 1, in which the wood and wooden material was disposed at the surface facing the room while the charcoal board was disposed at the opposite side, the arrangement of Example 2 included a charcoal particles-filled box disposed on a side of the interior wall opposite to the room, instead of the charcoal board, in which the box was provided at one side with a lid having fine pores for transferring functions of charcoal while preventing the charcoal particles from escaping. According to the present invention, the lid may be substituted with a net. Such structure is advantageous in that charcoal particles can be changed, as needed. As shown in Table 1, the box filled with charcoal particles was formed of aluminum or stainless steel, plastic, or wooden material such as plywood. It is clear to those possessing ordinary knowledge in this filed that properties for the preparation of the composite material may be selected according to types and thickness of the ingredients and thus, the explanation is omitted. The present invention is characterized in that the wood and wooden material is disposed at the surface for providing natural beauty and advantages of wood and the charcoal particles-filled body disposed at the back sufficiently provides the properties of charcoal. The joint between the composite material to transfer the properties of charcoal of the charcoal particles-filled body disposed at the back of the wood and wooden material was formed in a slider model, a sliding model and a louver model, as in Example 1. The following explanation is focused on how the rate of the area of the air drains provided at the joint to the area of the charcoal particles-filled body was related to activation of functions of the charcoal particles, with respect to the proper gaps (air drains) to activate functions of charcoal. As shown in Table 2, when the rate of area of the air drains to the area of the fine charcoal particles-filled body was 20%, after 3 hours, the fine charcoal particles-filled box showed the same gas adsorption amount as it was exposed 100% on the interior wall toward the room, reducing from 16 ppm to 1.4ppm. When the area rate of the air drains was 10%, after 6 hours, the fine charcoal particles-filled box showed the same effect as it was exposed 100% on the interior wall toward the room and when the area rate of the air drains was 2.5%, after 12 hours, the fine charcoal particles-filled box showed the same effect as it was exposed 100% on the interior wall toward the room, with the gas concentration reduced from 15.31 ppm to 1.3 ppm in a proportion of 1/11.8. The activated charcoal particles-filled box showed much higher gas adsorption rate than the fine charcoal particles-filled box. Thus, within 6 hours, the gas concentration was dropped from 15 ppm to 1 ppm. When the area rate of the air drains was reduced to 2.5%, after 12 hours, the gas concentration was reduced from 15.31 ppm to 0.62 to 0.75 ppm in a proportion of 1/20, showing the same effect as the activated charcoal particles-filled box was exposed 100% on the interior wall toward the room. If the air inside the room was circulated forcibly by an air-conditioner or a fan, the time would be shortened. In other words, within 12 hours, the composite materials of the fine charcoal and the activated charcoal reduced 1 ppm of HCHO concentration in the air, which is generally considered very high, to 0.08 ppm and 0.05 ppm, respectively, without shift of the air. Therefore, when the join was formed in a slider model, a siding model and a louver model, the time was extended two times (24 hours), and the area rate of the air drains was doubled (5%), the fine charcoal reduced the gas concentration to 1/19 and the activated charcoal reduced the gas concentration to 1/30, and thus, it was proved that functions of the charcoal particles disposed at the back of the composite structure were sufficiently shown. It was found the area rate of the air drains to the charcoal-filled body was 2.5 to 5%. Now, the joint formation is explained in detail. The slider model (FIG. 1) was formed to have an area rate of the air drains to the charcoal-filled body of 2.5 to 5% (plane

view). For example, when the area of the charcoal particles-filled box was 20 rr (height

2m X length 10m) and 10 slides having a length of 1.2 m were installed, 9 air drains were created and the total area of the air drains was 0.5-1 rr . Accordingly, the air drain area

per slide was preferably height 2 m X width 0.0275m to 0.055m. The siding model (FIG. 2) was formed in the form of square channel sides and the air drains were not shown in the front. The sides formed gaps (air drains) and an area rate of the air drains per siding was 2.5 to 5%. Therefore, when a square channel side was aligned adjacent to the other square channel side, there was formed an air drain in an area rate of 2.5 to 5% (FIG. 2. front view). The Louver model (FIG. 3) was formed to have an area rate of the air drains to the charcoal particles-filled box disposed at the back of 2.5 to 5% by maximizing the angle at which the louvers were attached.

Table 2. Ethylene gas adsorption rate of charcoal particles-filled box at the back of composite material according to area rate of air drains in joint

*1 : The area rate (%) of the air drains to the charcoal particles-filled body *2: The change in the blank concentration of ethylene gas in the test container, in ppm *3: The charcoal particles box (surface area: 25 cπf) was loaded in the box lid was

formed of a net with a porosity of 39% to show the functions of charcoal. As the gas was adsorbed over time, the residual concentration of ethylene gas in the container was reduced, in ppm. The smaller number means that the more gas was adsorbed.

Example 3 Emission of Far-infrared rays of wood and charcoal As shown in Table 3, wood and charcoal emit 90% of far-infrared rays at room temperature and the period for which they can perform such function is as long as their shelf life spans. Since far-infrared rays were introduced for treatment of diseases, various commercial medical instruments have been produced and widely used. Effects of the far- infrared rays include increase in temperature of subcutaneous layer, expansion of capillary vessels, promotion of blood circulation, reinforcement of metabolism between blood and body and other tissues, cleanup of blood disorder, enhancement of regenerative capacity of tissues, and the like. In addition, they include inhibition of excessive excitation of sensory nerves, regulation of functions of autonomic nerves and the like. The human body is composed of about 70% of water. Water shows absorption at wavelength of about 10 μm. The human body shows emission in the wavelength range of 3 to 50 jam and, among then, 46% is emitted in the wavelength range of 8 to 14 jt/m, which is, thus, believed to be suitable for the human body to absorb. It is known that if far-infrared rays, thought being weak, are radiated to the human body at room temperature, water molecule is activated and blood circulation is promoted. Far-infrared rays which are emitted to water and protein molecules forming the human body warm the body quickly through vibration shaking cells minutely at 2000 times per minute and activate cell tissue, energizing life activity. Similarly, far-infrared rays promote the process of assimilation and thus, are called "rearing rays". Accordingly, the composite material of wood and charcoal according to the present invention is an optimum material for residential environment sine it emits 90% or more of far-infrared rays at room temperature.

Table 3. emission of far-infrared rays (5-20 μm) of overlaid fine charcoal board

Example 4 Electromagnetic wave shielding effect of charcoal board The fine charcoal board can block electromagnetic wave whether it is overlaid with a thin paper or wood. The electromagnetic wave shielding effect is shown in Table 4. In practice, mobile phones do not ring in a charcoal board box. Table 4. electromagnetic wave shielding effect of plane wave of plate shaped material

The present invention becomes clear to those possessing ordinary knowledge in this field and it should be understood the above examples are only for illustrative purpose and the present invention is not limited thereto.

Industrial Applicability As described above, materials for residential environment in Korea are developed making durability and strength as prime objects. Also, since limestone is abundant, most buildings in Korea are constructed using cement and consequently, the buildings are finished with various wall papers, paint and other VOC discharging material, causing Sick House problems. In order to solve such Sick House symptoms, there is a demand for method to effectively use properties of charcoal (such as dehumidification, moisturization, ventilation, adsorption, heat storage and the like, thereby providing air purification effect by adsorbing offensive odor and harmful gas, emitting far-infrared rays and anions, preventing noise, blocking electromagnetic and harmful waves, promoting blood circulation and metabolism and stabilizing mental and physical conditions). Therefore, considering the inferiority of charcoal boards in decorative effect upon use for residential environment, due to its surface color of black, the composite material for building according to the present invention comprising a wood and wooden material disposed at the surface for providing natural beauty and advantages of wood and a charcoal board (activated charcoal board) or a charcoal-filled box disposed at the back, in which the wood and wooden material and the charcoal and activated charcoal board or the charcoal filled box are joined in a slider model, a siding model or a louver model to have air drains for sufficiently transferring properties of charcoal disposed at the back to the front, in which the air drains are provided in a proper rate can be used as a human body-favored material for residential environment upon application to interior finishing materials such as wall materials, ceiling materials and can be effectively used as a storehouse in museums or packaging materials of food and fruit.

Claims

What Is Claimed Is:

1. A method for preparing a composite material for residential environment comprising a wood and wooden material disposed at the surface for surface decoration and a charcoal board disposed at the back, in which the wood and wooden material and the charcoal board are joined in a slider model, a siding model or a louver model to have air drains for activating functions of charcoal disposed at the back, in which the air drains are provided in an area rate of 2.5 to 5%.

2. A method for preparing a composite material for residential environment comprising a wood and wooden material disposed at the surface for surface decoration and a porous box filled with charcoal particles or activated charcoal particles disposed at the back, in which the wood and wooden material and the charcoal filled box are joined in a slider model, a siding model or a louver model to have air drains for transferring properties of charcoal disposed at the back to the front, in which the air drains are provided in an area rate of 2.5 to 5%.