JP2002201015A - Method for modifying charcoal, molded article and carrier containing modified charcoal powder modified by the method, and plastered wall containing modified charcoal powder - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a charcoal having improved adsorptivity, sound insulation, thermal insulation, and electromagnetic shielding by modifying charcoal, and to obtain various articles using this modified charcoal powder. SOLUTION: This modified charcoal is obtained by baking charcoal at 2,000 to 3,500 deg.C in the absence of oxygen. This modified charcoal is pulverized in powder to produce a modified charcoal powder, which is bound by a binder to be molded, or carried on a sheet-like material, or further mixed into a wall material for a plastered wall to make products having high adsorptivity, sound insulation, thermal insulation, and electromagnetic shielding possessed by the modified charcoal.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for modifying charcoal for improving the properties of charcoal such as adsorbing property, heat insulating property, soundproofing property and electromagnetic wave shielding property, and charcoal modified by said method. The charcoal powder obtained by crushing is solidified and formed into a desired shape, or supported on a sheet, and further mixed with a wall material to have high adsorption, high heat insulation, high sound insulation, The present invention relates to a modified charcoal powder molded article, a supported article, and a wall material for a painted wall having properties such as high electromagnetic wave shielding properties.

[0002] In the present specification, "charcoal" includes, in addition to what is usually called "charcoal", so-called "bamboo charcoal" using bamboo as a raw material, and those using plant seed shells as a raw material. In addition, the sheet includes not only a plate-shaped material but also a film.

[0003]

Generally, charcoal used as a fuel has various properties such as absorptive properties due to its porosity, heat insulation / soundproof properties, and electromagnetic wave shielding properties. For example, charcoal is added to a wall material or the like by using it, and the effect of dehumidification and deodorization in the room is added by the adsorptive property, or the effect as an electromagnetic wave shielding material is added. .

[0004]

As described above, charcoal has various excellent properties. However, charcoal exerts higher effects for a longer time in terms of adsorptive properties, heat insulating / soundproofing properties, electromagnetic wave shielding properties, and the like. It is desired.

On the other hand, it is attractive to use charcoal which can be obtained relatively inexpensively and has the above-mentioned excellent properties, and methods for effectively utilizing the charcoal are being studied.

In view of the above, the present invention has improved various properties such as the above-mentioned adsorptive property, heat insulating property, soundproofing property and electromagnetic wave shielding property by modifying charcoal by a relatively simple method. Along with obtaining charcoal, the above-mentioned improved charcoal is used as a raw material to absorb harmful substances and foul odors, or to adjust humidity, and to further shield against radiation and other electromagnetic waves harmful to the human body. It is intended to provide a product having the same at a relatively low price.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, a method for modifying charcoal of the present invention is characterized in that charcoal is calcined at a temperature of 2000 to 3500 ° C. under oxygen-free condition. Item 1).

Preferably, the firing time is 0.5 to 3 hours (claim 2).

Further, the molded article containing the modified charcoal powder modified by the above-mentioned method is obtained by crushing the charcoal modified by the above-mentioned method into a powdery form to form a charcoal powder, and the charcoal powder being 60 to 90 wt.
% With a binder of 10 to 40 wt% and molded.

The modified charcoal powder is preferably crushed to 100 to 50 mesh (claim 4).

As the binder for binding the above-mentioned modified charcoal powder, various kinds of binders can be used, such as glue (claim 5), a mixture of 30-55 wt% of pine wood and 70-45 wt% of starch ( Claim 6), synthetic resin (claim 7)
And the like can be used.

When glue or a mixture of pine wood and starch is used as a binder, a molded product containing 3 to 10% by weight of lignin based on the total weight of the raw materials can be used.

Further, the supported charcoal powder of the present invention comprises
The charcoal modified by the above-mentioned method is crushed into powder to form charcoal powder, and the charcoal powder is supported on a sheet made of a fibrous material such as a nonwoven fabric or paper. Item 9).

The supporting of the modified charcoal powder may be carried out by being entangled with the fibrous material of the sheet.
0) Alternatively, the sheet may be adhered and carried on the surface of the sheet (claim 11).

[0015] The modified charcoal powder thus carried on the sheet is preferably 100 to 50 mesh.

Further, the modified charcoal powder can be used by being mixed into a wall material for a painted wall, and the wall material for a painted wall is kneaded with water to form a kneaded material. A wall material for a painted wall which is formed by coating and drying to form a painted wall, characterized in that it contains 60 to 90% by weight of charcoal powder modified by the method described above and 10 to 40% by weight of a binder composed of lime and calcium. (Claim 13).

Preferably, the modified charcoal powder has a mesh size of 100 to 50 mesh, and the lime and calcium have a mesh size of 180 to 130 mesh.

Further, the wall material for a painted wall preferably contains 3 to 10% by weight of a negative ion generating substance based on the total weight of the raw material.

The anion generating substance is preferably a powder of 20 to 80 mesh (claim 16), and for example, tourmaline can be used (claim 17).

Further, the mixing ratio of calcium and lime in the binder can be 40 to 60% by weight of calcium and 40 to 60% by weight of lime.

[0021]

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described below. [Charcoal treatment method] The charcoal modification treatment method of the present invention further improves the adsorptive property, heat insulating property, soundproofing property and electromagnetic wave shielding property by further heat treating and reforming the charcoal produced by a known method. It is obtained by calcining charcoal produced by a known method at a temperature of 2000 to 3500 ° C. under oxygen-free condition.

The firing temperature may be changed according to, for example, the use of the charcoal after the treatment, the quality of the charcoal used as the raw material, and various other conditions. Explaining the relationship, in the case of performing a reforming treatment for the purpose of improving the adsorption action such as deodorization, 2000 ° C.
In the processing for baking at the above temperature and for improving the electromagnetic wave shielding property, baking is performed at 2500 to 3000 ° C.

The firing temperature is a condition necessary for removing charcoal impurities and purifying carbon. The firing temperature is not limited to the above-described one, and may be an optimum temperature for the type of charcoal and other various conditions. Are different.

The time of the above-mentioned calcination treatment is 0.5 to 3 times.
Although the optimum firing time varies depending on the firing temperature, the reforming process for 100 kg of untreated charcoal is more effective by firing under the following processing conditions. Could be done.

[Table 1] Firing temperature and suitable firing time

By sintering charcoal under oxygen-free conditions as described above, charcoal made of pure carbon from which impurities were almost completely removed was obtained.

Carbon has a hexagonal crystal structure when an impurity is contained therein, but when the carbon has a high purity and no impurities are contained, the crystal structure becomes a diamond structure.

The high-carbon charcoal produced by the above-described method has a diamond structure as a result of observing its crystal structure, which also indicates that the carbon purity of the charcoal treated by the method of the present invention is improved. Can be confirmed.

[0028] The modified charcoal obtained in this way has improved performance in all of the adsorptive property, heat insulating property, soundproofing property and electromagnetic wave shielding property as compared with untreated charcoal.
In particular, it has been confirmed that the electromagnetic wave shielding performance is about three times higher than that of the untreated product. [Production of modified charcoal powder] The charcoal modified as described above is crushed to form charcoal powder.

The reformed charcoal can be crushed by using various known crushers and the like. As an example, in the present embodiment, the charcoal modified by a roller mill is crushed. And crushed to a powder of about 50 mesh.

The modified charcoal powder formed by crushing the modified charcoal into a powder having a particle size of a predetermined size is subjected to secondary processing by the following method, A product having the adsorptive property, heat insulating property, soundproofing property and electromagnetic wave shielding property of the charcoal can be obtained. [Processing example of modified charcoal powder] The molded charcoal powder containing the modified charcoal powder The charcoal powder formed as described above can be combined with a binder and solidified to form a molded product.As an example, in the present embodiment, a building material, It is molded into a plate (molded board) that can be used as an interior material.

As the binder, for example, a synthetic resin is used, and the charcoal powder is combined with the binder and molded into a predetermined shape, for example, a plate shape. The molded board is used for building materials, interior materials, and various other uses. use.

The above-mentioned modified charcoal powder was added to this molded board for 6 hours.
0 wt% or more, preferably 70% or more. Since the molded board thus formed contains a large amount of the modified charcoal powder, it exhibits a high effect due to the improved adsorption, heat insulation, soundproofing, and electromagnetic wave shielding properties of the modified charcoal. Therefore, the molded board is suitable for use in various applications, for example, building materials such as interior materials, shielding of medical equipment and electric facilities in hospital facilities, and other various applications.

However, in the case of the modified charcoal powder molded using the synthetic resin as a binder as described above, the once modified solidified charcoal powder cannot be recovered in a recyclable form. Therefore, preferably, glue is used as the above-mentioned binder, or a binder obtained by mixing starch and pine wood is used, and if necessary, lignin, which is a fibrous filler, is added to obtain a desired shape. Molding.

The mixing ratio of each raw material is as follows:
0 wt%, the binder is 10 to 30 wt%, and the balance is a filler such as lignin and other additives. As a binder,
When using a mixture of starch and matsuyani, the compounding ratio is 30 to 55 wt% of matsuyani and 70 to 45 watts of starch.
t%.

When a binder made of glue and a mixture of starch and pine is used, water is added to each of the above-mentioned raw materials, mixed and kneaded, and the kneaded material is poured into a mold and molded. After drying, it is made into various molded products.

In the case of obtaining a plate-shaped molded product in the above, after the mold release, it is further fired at a temperature of 800 to 1200 ° C.

In the present embodiment, the molded product containing the modified charcoal powder molded as described above is used as a building material for a house or the like, for example, a wall plate or a ceiling plate. By using this molded board as a building material, the modified charcoal powder exhibits various effects such as adsorption of harmful substances, deodorization effect, humidity adjustment effect, etc. due to the high adsorptivity of the modified charcoal powder, and purifies indoor air In addition, dew condensation and the like hardly occur due to the humidity adjustment function, and the occurrence of mold due to excessive humidity is also prevented. In addition, by containing a large amount of the modified charcoal powder, which is a porous substance, the above-mentioned board exhibits a high effect as a heat insulating material and a soundproofing material. Electromagnetic waves that are considered harmful are shielded.

Moreover, the modified charcoal powder-containing board is extremely light in weight as compared with a lead plate or the like which has been conventionally used for shielding electromagnetic waves.

The board containing the modified charcoal powder formed as described above uses glue or a mixture of starch and pine wood as a binder for binding the charcoal powder. No harmful gas is generated.

Further, when the discarded board containing the modified charcoal powder is boiled together with, for example, water or the like, the binder dissolves and becomes a fluid state in which the bond between the modified charcoal powders is cut off.

From the board thus made in a fluid state,
By separating and extracting the modified charcoal powder, the modified charcoal powder can be used again as various raw materials. 2. Modified charcoal powder-carrying product The above-mentioned modified charcoal powder is further used not only when solidified with a binder as described above, but also when the solidified charcoal powder is supported on a surface of a nonwoven fabric, paper, or the like. By carrying the fibers on paper or the like, it is possible to obtain a carried product on which the modified charcoal powder is carried.

The modified charcoal powder may be supported by, for example, applying the modified charcoal powder together with water to the surface of a nonwoven fabric or paper and then drying and carrying the modified charcoal powder, or converting the modified charcoal powder into a nonwoven fabric or paper containing water. After applying the charcoal powder, the charcoal powder may be dried and carried, or the modified charcoal powder may be carried by adding a seaweed or another adhesive to the above-mentioned water.

In this manner, the modified charcoal powder applied to the nonwoven fabric or paper is carried on the surface thereof, or permeated between the fibers together with water or the like, and carried in a state of being entangled between the fibers. It becomes a supporting sheet of the modified charcoal powder.

As another method, for example, an adhesive may be applied to the surface of paper or non-woven fabric and the like, and modified charcoal powder may be adhered and carried on the surface. The modified charcoal powder may be directly applied without being used, for example, the charcoal powder may be entangled between the fibers of the non-woven fabric.Furthermore, similarly to the above-mentioned molded article containing the modified charcoal powder, a resin material is used as a binder. The combined modified charcoal powder is applied to a nonwoven fabric or paper and dried and supported, or mixed with a resin material, and then a sheet-shaped modified charcoal powder-containing molded product is adhered to paper or nonwoven fabric. A sheet supporting the modified charcoal powder may be used.

The modified charcoal powder-carrying sheet thus formed can be used, for example, as wallpaper.
It not only cleans indoor air by the adsorption action of the modified charcoal powder but also exerts an action of shielding electromagnetic waves including radiation. 3. Wall material for painted wall The above-mentioned modified charcoal powder can also be used as a material for a painted wall formed by directly applying it to a wall surface by plastering work.

When used as a material for a painted wall as described above, the modified charcoal powder is mixed into a known wall material, for example, lime or gypsum, and water is added thereto, followed by mixing and kneading to obtain a paste. The kneaded material in the form of paste is applied on a wall base and dried to form a coated wall, or used as a plastering finish material like plaster to form a coated wall.

In the present embodiment, as the coating material, the modified charcoal powder is combined with a binder composed of lime and calcium. Substances may be added.

The proportion of each raw material is 60 to 80 wt.
%, Binder 15 ~ 35wt%, if necessary 2 ~ 10wt%
Of the negative ion generating substance is added.

In this embodiment, the mixing ratio of each raw material is as follows: 70% by weight of modified charcoal powder, 15% by weight of lime, 10% by weight of calcium and a negative ion generating substance 5w as a binder.
t%.

The amount of each raw material is determined so that the sustained effect of the modified charcoal powder and the negative ion generating material, the strength, durability, heat resistance and fire resistance of the wall material are suitably exhibited. Is the amount derived as a result of the experiment from the blending amount.

In this embodiment, tourmaline is used as the anion generating substance, and the anion generated by the tourmaline is released into the room provided with the painted wall made of the wall material of the present invention. It is configured.

In the case where only the effects obtained by the above-mentioned modified charcoal are added to the wall material of the present invention, such as adsorption of harmful substances, removal of odor, humidity adjustment, heat insulation, soundproofing, electromagnetic wave shielding, etc. However, the addition of this negative ion generating substance is not always necessary.

Further, as the negative ion generating substance,
Instead of the above-mentioned tourmaline, other known negative ion generating substances such as barley stone, tied rock and Ioishi can also be mixed.

It should be noted that tourmaline, a natural mineral, generates negative ions in response to solar energy.
The release amount of negative ions does not decrease with time. Therefore, it is suitable in terms of the continuity of the negative ion releasing effect.

By adding a negative ion generating substance such as tourmaline in this manner, negative ions are always released into the room surrounded by the painted wall. This negative ion is contained in a large amount in the air where the air is said to be clean and good for the body, for example, around plateaus, forests, and waterholes. By absorbing into the body from breathing and skin, it obtains sedimentary effects known as the effects of negative ions, such as analgesia, good sleep, antitussive, antiperspirant, increased appetite, decreased blood pressure, exhilaration, and fatigue prevention be able to. Therefore, by living in a space surrounded by the painted wall made of the wall material of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a refreshing feeling and the like as if a forest bath were performed while staying indoors.

Further, the negative ions generated by the negative ion generating substance such as tourmaline bind to active oxygen which is considered to be harmful to the human body and render it harmless.

In this embodiment, the tourmaline is mixed into the raw material in a state of being pulverized to 50 mesh.

Lime and calcium, which are binders for binding the above-mentioned modified charcoal powder and tourmaline powder, are added. Since the binder has air permeability even after the coating wall is formed, the modified charcoal powder bound by the binder absorbs even if all or a part thereof is buried in the binder. No loss of performance.

Further, the binder made of lime and calcium is excellent in heat resistance and fire resistance, and there is no possibility that toxic gas or the like is generated when burned, unlike the binder made of synthetic resin material.

In the present embodiment, both lime and calcium are used whose particle diameter is crushed to 150 mesh.

The above-mentioned wall material for a wall made of modified charcoal powder, tourmaline powder, lime and calcium is kneaded by adding about 50% by weight of water to 100% by weight of the wall material for the wall. To form a paste-like kneading material having appropriate plasticity.

The kneading material is applied on a wall base such as a scratch base, a fine base, a lath base, a lath board base, etc. to form a coated wall. To form a painted wall.

After application, the binder is dried by contacting with air,
The lime in the binder becomes carbonated lime to form a hard coating, and a suitable strength as a wall material is obtained. In addition, since this binder has air permeability and water permeability, it does not hinder the adsorption of the modified charcoal powder.

The wall material thus obtained is obtained by mixing the modified charcoal powder into the wall material. Therefore, the high adsorption effect of the modified charcoal powder causes the indoor material facing the wall material to be in the indoor atmosphere. Adsorbs harmful substances, bad odors, moisture and positive ions.

When a negative ion-generating substance such as tourmaline is contained, a large amount of negative ions are released into the room facing the painted wall, and effects such as refreshing effect, cell activation, and harmlessness of active oxygen are obtained. Demonstrate.

Further, since lime and calcium are used as the binder, the mixture is heated at 1200 ° C. for 2 hours or more.
It has high heat and fire resistance of 1 hour or more at 00 ° C.

[0067]

According to the configuration described above, the following effects can be obtained according to the present invention. (1) By a relatively simple method of burning charcoal under oxygen-free condition, charcoal with improved adsorption, soundproofing, heat insulation, electromagnetic wave shielding and the like could be obtained. (2) The charcoal powder obtained by crushing the charcoal modified by the above method is mixed with various molded products, supported on a sheet-like material, or mixed with a wall material for painted wall, Hazardous substances and odors are adsorbed due to the adsorptive properties of the modified charcoal powder, and the air is cleaned and the humidity is adjusted by moisture absorption, thereby providing an environment suitable for living. (3) Further, due to the porosity of the modified charcoal, the molded article, the supported article, and the wall material containing the modified charcoal powder have high heat insulating properties and soundproofing properties. (4) Further, due to the high electromagnetic wave shielding property of the modified charcoal powder, a molded article containing the modified charcoal powder is molded into a plate shape and used as an interior material, or a sheet carrying the modified charcoal powder. By using the object as wallpaper etc.,
The inside of the space can be shielded from electromagnetic waves that are harmful to the human body.

Further, despite having such an electromagnetic wave shielding property, it is lighter in weight than a conventional electromagnetic wave shielding material made of a lead plate or the like.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) E04B 1/74 E04B 1/74 Z E04F 13/02 E04F 13/02 A (72) Inventor Hiroe Furumura Saitama 3-2-33 Honjo Sakae F-term (Reference) 2E001 DB03 DD01 DH01 DH21 FA03 GA03 JA03 JC09 4F100 AA08B AC10B AD11B AS00B BA02 BA10A BA10B DE01B DG11A GB08 JA20B JD08 JH01 JJ02 YY00B 4G046 CA03 AC03 BA03 AC03 BA03 AC03 AC03 BA16 BA20 FA34 FA37 4H012 JA01

Claims (18)

[Claims] (1) Under anoxic conditions, charcoal is produced in the range of 2000 to 3
A method for modifying charcoal, comprising firing at a temperature of 500 ° C. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the calcination is performed for 0.5 to 3 hours. 3. The charcoal modified by the method according to claim 1 or 2 is crushed into powder to form charcoal powder.
A molded product containing modified charcoal powder, which is formed by combining and molding 0 to 90 wt% with a binder of 10 to 40 wt%. 4. The molded product containing modified charcoal powder according to claim 3, wherein the charcoal powder has a size of 100 to 50 mesh. 5. The molded product containing modified charcoal powder according to claim 3, wherein the binder is glue. 6. The molded product containing modified charcoal powder according to claim 3, wherein the binder is a mixture of 30 to 55% by weight of pine wood and 70 to 45% by weight of starch. 7. The molded article containing modified charcoal powder according to claim 3, wherein the binder is a synthetic resin. 8. The molded product containing modified charcoal powder according to claim 5, wherein the molded product contains lignin in an amount of 3 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the raw material. 9. The charcoal modified by the method according to claim 1 or 2 is crushed into powder to form charcoal powder, and the charcoal powder is supported on a sheet made of a fibrous material. To carry modified charcoal powder. 10. The modified charcoal powder-carrying article according to claim 9, wherein the modified charcoal powder is entangled with and supported by the fibrous material of the sheet. 11. The modified charcoal powder is adhered and carried on the surface of the sheet.
The modified charcoal powder-carrying article according to the above. 12. The modified charcoal powder-carrying article according to claim 9, wherein the charcoal powder has a size of 100 to 50 mesh. 13. A wall material for a coated wall, which is formed by kneading with water to form a kneaded material, and drying the kneaded material after applying the kneaded material, the wall material being modified by the method according to claim 1 or 2. A wall material for a painted wall, comprising 60 to 90% by weight of charcoal powder and 10 to 40% by weight of a binder made of lime and calcium. 14. The modified charcoal powder having a particle size of 100 to
50 mesh, and the lime and calcium are 180
The wall material for a painted wall according to claim 13, wherein the wall material is a powder having a mesh size of 130 to 130 mesh. 15. The wall material for a painted wall according to claim 13, comprising a negative ion generating substance in an amount of 3 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the raw material. 16. The method according to claim 16, wherein the negative ion generating substance is 20 to
The powder is 80 mesh powder.
The wall material for a painted wall according to the description. 17. The wall material for a painted wall according to claim 15, wherein the anion generating substance is tourmaline. 18. The wall material for a painted wall according to claim 13, wherein the binder comprises 40 to 60% by weight of calcium and 40 to 60% by weight of lime.