JP2005299381A - Execution method of moisture absorbing/desorbing building material and moisture permeable structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a construction method and a structure having excellent moisture permeability and moisture absorbing/desorbing properties as well as preventing generation of dew condensation and fungi so as to obtain a comfortable habitable space, and furthermore, a more pleasant habitable environment can be provided without impairing an intrinsic moisture absorbing/desorbing properties of the moisture absorbing/desorbing building material. <P>SOLUTION: The construction method of the moisture absorbing/desorbing building material is to laminate the moisture absorbing/desorbing building material over a base material having moisture permeability through an adhesive having moisture permeability in between. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a moisture absorbing / releasing building material construction method and a moisture permeable structure capable of sticking a moisture absorbing / releasing building material without impairing the moisture absorbing / releasing property of the moisture absorbing / releasing building material.

In recent years, interest in comfortable living spaces has increased. In this regard, in the surface finishing of interior surfaces such as walls and ceilings, there is an increasing expectation for moisture-absorbing and releasing materials having functions such as prevention of condensation, prevention of mold generation, and suppression of discomfort by adjusting humidity.
For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a moisture absorbing / releasing sheet in which Bincho charcoal particles are fixed between a non-woven fabric having air permeability and a covering material. Further, Patent Document 2 discloses an absorption layer in which a coating layer is formed of a paint to which moisture absorbing / releasing material particles are added on at least one surface of a moisture absorbing / releasing substrate containing a moisture absorbing / releasing material and a hydraulic substance. A hygroscopic building material is disclosed.

JP 2001-18312 A JP 2003-155786 A

  When applying such moisture-absorbing / releasing sheets and moisture-absorbing / absorbing building materials to interior surfaces such as walls and ceilings, an adhesive method is generally used to simplify construction and improve aesthetics. It has been broken. Such a construction method is characterized in that it can be finished simply by pasting using an adhesive, so that it does not require a skilled worker and can simplify curing and the like.

  However, ordinary adhesives hardly consider moisture permeability. Therefore, when pasted using a normal adhesive, the adhesive may interfere with moisture permeability between the moisture-absorbing / releasing building material and interior surfaces such as walls and ceilings, and may cause condensation and mold. Furthermore, the adhesive may permeate into the hygroscopic building material, which may interfere with the original hygroscopic property of the hygroscopic building material.

  In order to solve these problems, the present inventor has intensively studied, and as a result, it is excellent by laminating a moisture-absorbing / releasing building material through a moisture-permeable adhesive to a substrate having moisture permeability. It was found that it has moisture permeability and moisture absorption and desorption, can prevent the formation of condensation and mold, and provides a comfortable living space. Furthermore, the present inventors have found that a more comfortable living space can be obtained without impairing the original moisture absorption / release property of the moisture absorption / release building material.

That is, the present invention has the following characteristics.
1. A construction method of a moisture absorbing / releasing building material, wherein a moisture absorbing / releasing building material is laminated on a moisture permeable base material through a moisture permeable adhesive.
2. The water vapor permeability of the adhesive is 30 g / m ² · 24 h or more. Construction method of hygroscopic building materials as described in 1.
3. 1. The adhesive contains a synthetic resin emulsion having an average particle size of 100 to 500 nm as a binder. Or 2. Construction method of hygroscopic building materials as described in 1.
4). The moisture absorption / release amount of the moisture absorbing / releasing building material is 50 g / m ² or more. To 3. The construction method of the hygroscopic building material in any one of.
5.1. ~ 4. Moisture permeable structure obtained by the construction method of hygroscopic building materials.

According to the construction method of the present invention, it has excellent moisture permeability and moisture absorption / release properties, can prevent the formation of condensation and mold, and can provide a comfortable living space. Furthermore, a more comfortable living space can be obtained without impairing the original moisture absorbing / releasing property of the moisture absorbing / releasing building material.
Moreover, in the construction method of this invention, the drying solidification property of the adhesive at the time of building material sticking can be improved, and a work period can also be shortened.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on the best mode for carrying out the invention.

  The present invention is characterized in that a moisture-absorbing / releasing building material is laminated on a moisture-permeable base material through a moisture-permeable adhesive.

(Substrate having moisture permeability)
The base material having moisture permeability (also simply referred to as “base material”) is not particularly limited, but gypsum board, plywood, concrete, mortar, porcelain tile, fiber mixed cement board, cement calcium silicate board, slag cement perlite. A board, an asbestos-cement board, an ALC board, a siding board etc. are mentioned. As long as the moisture permeability of the base material is not significantly impaired, the surface of these base materials may have been subjected to some surface treatment (for example, a sealer, a surfacer, a filler, etc.) or a coating film already formed. Alternatively, a wallpaper may be pasted.

In the present invention, as the substrate having moisture permeability, specifically, the water vapor permeability is 30 g / m ² · 24 h or more, further 50 g / m ² · 24 h or more, further 80 g / m ² · 24 h or more. Some are preferred. By having such a water vapor permeability, moisture present on the base material or the back surface of the base material (for example, inside the building wall) can be sufficiently permeable, and condensation or generation of mold on the back surface of the base material or the base material can occur. Can be prevented. The water vapor permeability of the base material is a value measured according to JIS A1324: 1995 “Method for measuring moisture permeability of building materials” 5.2. The thickness of the base material is 9.5 mm.

(Adhesive)
In this invention, the adhesive material which has moisture permeability is used as a material which affixes a moisture absorption / release building material on the above-mentioned base material.

Specifically, the moisture permeability of the adhesive is preferably 30 g / m ² · 24 h or more, more preferably 50 g / m ² · 24 h or more, and further preferably 80 g / m ² · 24 h or more. By having such water vapor permeability, moisture existing on the base material and the back surface of the base material (for example, the inside of a building wall, etc.) can be sufficiently permeated, so that condensation and mold generation can be prevented. A comfortable living space can be obtained. Moreover, even if such an adhesive penetrates into the hygroscopic building material, a comfortable living space can be obtained without impeding the original hygroscopic performance of the hygroscopic building material. Similarly, even if it penetrates into the substrate, it does not interfere with the moisture permeability of the substrate itself.
If the water vapor transmission rate is less than 30 g / m ² · 24 h, moisture permeation may be hindered and a comfortable living space may not be obtained, which is likely to cause dew condensation and mold on the base material and the back surface of the base material. . The upper limit of water vapor permeability is usually about 1000 g / m ² · 24 h or less (preferably 500 g / m ² · 24 h or less, more preferably 300 g / m ² · 24 h or less). The water vapor permeability of the adhesive is a value measured according to JIS K5400: 1990 “Paint General Test Method” 8.17. The dry film thickness of the adhesive is 0.5 mm.

Examples of components constituting the adhesive include a binder and powder.
Among these, binders include acrylic resin, urethane resin, epoxy resin, vinyl acetate resin, silicon resin, fluororesin, acrylic / vinyl acetate resin, acrylic / urethane resin, acrylic / silicone resin, silicon-modified acrylic resin, ethylene / acetic acid Synthetic rubber latex such as vinyl / veova resin, ethylene / vinyl acetate resin, styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, methyl methacrylate-butadiene rubber, butadiene rubber, solvent soluble type such as natural rubber latex, NAD type, A water-soluble type, a water-dispersed type, a solventless type, and the like can be mentioned, and one or more of these may be used in combination.

  In the present invention, in particular, acrylic resin, urethane resin, epoxy resin, vinyl acetate resin, silicon resin, fluorine resin, acrylic / vinyl acetate resin, acrylic / urethane resin, acrylic / silicone resin, silicon-modified acrylic resin, ethylene / vinyl acetate -It is preferable to use water-soluble and / or water-dispersible resins such as Veova resin and ethylene / vinyl acetate resin, and more preferably water-dispersible resin (resin emulsion).

  Furthermore, it is preferable to use a binder having a reactive functional group. When a synthetic resin having such a reactive functional group is used, it is combined with a synthetic resin having a functional group capable of reacting with the reactive functional group, or has a functional group capable of reacting with the reactive functional group. It is preferably used in combination with a crosslinking agent. By using a synthetic resin having a reactive functional group, water vapor permeability of the cured adhesive can be improved, and adhesion strength, water resistance, and the like can be further improved.

  Examples of combinations of reactive functional groups and functional groups capable of reacting with the reactive functional groups include, for example, carboxyl group and amino group, carboxyl group and metal ion, carboxyl group and carbodiimide group, carboxyl group and epoxy group, carboxyl group and Examples include an aziridine group, a carboxyl group and an oxazoline group, a hydroxyl group and an isocyanate group, a carbonyl group and a hydrazide group, and an epoxy group and an amino group.

  The glass transition temperature of the binder may be set in consideration of workability, tackiness, adhesion, etc., but is usually 40 ° C. or lower, preferably −50 to 30 ° C.

When a synthetic resin emulsion is used as the binder, the average particle size of the synthetic resin emulsion is preferably 100 to 500 nm, more preferably 130 to 400 nm. If the average particle size is in such a range, the adhesiveness is excellent and the water vapor permeability is excellent, and the synthetic resin emulsion does not easily penetrate into the base material and the moisture-absorbing / releasing building material. It is possible to further prevent the wetness.
When the average particle size is smaller than 100 nm, it easily penetrates into the hygroscopic building material and may impede the hygroscopic property of the hygroscopic building material. When the average particle diameter is larger than 500 nm, the adhesion may be lowered.
The average particle size of the water-dispersible resin is a value measured by a dynamic light scattering method. Specifically, as a dynamic light scattering measurement device, a microtrack particle size analyzer (for example, UPA150, Nikkiso Co., Ltd.) This is a value obtained by analyzing the detected scattering intensity by the Marquardt method of the histogram analysis method (measurement temperature is 25 ° C.).

The powder is not particularly limited, but silica, silica gel, boehmite, talc, zeolite, clay, kaolin, calcium carbonate, sodium sulfate, barium sulfate, alumina, allophane, diatomaceous earth, siliceous shale, sepiolite, attapulgite, montmorillonite, zonolite. Imogolite, Otani stone powder, activated clay, charcoal, bamboo charcoal, activated carbon, wood powder, shell powder, resin beads and the like.
The average particle diameter of the powder is not particularly limited, but is usually 0.001 to 1 mm (preferably 0.01 to 0.5 mm, more preferably 0.01 to 0.1 mm). When the average particle diameter is in such a range, the adhesiveness is excellent, and more excellent water vapor permeability can be exhibited. When the average particle diameter is larger than 1 mm, the adhesion may be lowered.

In the present invention, it is preferable to include a moisture absorbing / releasing powder as the powder. Such hygroscopic powders preferably have a moisture absorption rate of 10% or higher, preferably 20% or higher at a temperature of 20 ° C. and a relative humidity of 90%. The moisture absorption rate at a temperature of 20 ° C. and a relative humidity of 90% is a constant temperature and constant temperature of 20 ° C. and a relative humidity of 90% after the sample is dried for 24 hours in a constant temperature and humidity chamber of a temperature of 20 ° C. and a relative humidity of 45%. It is a value obtained from a change in weight when moisture is absorbed in a humidifier for 24 hours. That is,
Moisture absorption rate (%) = {(weight after moisture absorption−weight after drying) / weight after drying} × 100
In the present invention, in order to impart moisture absorption / release properties to the powder, some treatment such as a hydrophilic treatment or a hydrophilic functional group may be performed.

  The composition ratio of the powder is usually 10 to 1000 parts by weight, preferably 30 to 1000 parts by weight, more preferably 100 to 800 parts by weight, and still more preferably 300 to 800 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight (solid content) of the binder. Part. If the composition ratio of the powder is within such a range, it is preferable in terms of workability, adhesion, fire resistance, contamination resistance, and the like. Moreover, even if the adhesive protrudes during the construction of the hygroscopic building material, it can be easily removed.

In addition to the above components, the components constituting the adhesive material include plasticizers, anti-aging agents, curing agents, thickeners, colorants, antifreezing agents, drying regulators, preservatives, film-forming aids, and the like. You can also.
The adhesive is usually preferably a liquid, but may be a solid adhesive tape or the like.

(Hygroscopic building materials)
The moisture-absorbing / releasing building material according to the present invention has a sufficient humidity control effect and can provide a comfortable living space. Specifically, the moisture absorption / release amount is desirably 50 g / m ² or more (preferably 80 g / m ² or more, more preferably 100 g / m ² or more). By using such a hygroscopic building material, a sufficient humidity control effect can be obtained in the indoor space, and a more comfortable living space can be obtained. The moisture absorption / release amount is a value measured according to the procedure of JIS A6909: 2003 “Finishing Finish Coating Material” 7.32.2 after sealing the back side surface of the moisture absorbing / releasing building material with an aluminum adhesive tape.

The moisture permeability of the moisture-absorbing / releasing building material is preferably 30 g / m ² · 24 h or more, more preferably 50 g / m ² · 24 h or more, and further preferably 80 g / m ² · 24 h or more. By having such water vapor permeability, moisture existing in the moisture-absorbing / releasing building materials and base materials, and the back surface of the base material (for example, inside the building wall) can be sufficiently permeable to moisture. Condensation and mold generation can be prevented. The moisture permeability of the moisture-absorbing / releasing building material is a value measured according to JIS A1324: 1995 “Method of measuring moisture permeability of building materials” 5.2.

  As long as the moisture absorbing / releasing building material has the above moisture absorbing / releasing performance, its composition is not particularly limited, and a known moisture absorbing / releasing material can also be used. Examples of the hygroscopic material include those obtained by immobilizing hygroscopic particles such as charcoal, diatomaceous earth, silica gel, zeolite, and allophane with cement, gypsum, resin, and the like.

  As the moisture-absorbing / releasing building material in the present invention, those containing a binder and moisture-releasing / releasing particles are suitable. By adopting such a moisture absorbing / releasing building material, excellent humidity control performance can be obtained.

  As the binder, an organic resin is suitable. Examples of organic resins include water-soluble resins, water-dispersible resins, solvent-soluble resins, solvent-free resins, non-water-dispersed resins, powdered resins, various binders such as heat-melted resins, or composites thereof. Things can be used. Among these, a water-dispersible resin (resin emulsion) is preferable in the present invention. As the water dispersible resin, those having an average particle diameter of more than 50 μm (preferably more than 80 μm, more preferably more than 100 μm) and less than 500 μm (preferably less than 400 μm, more preferably less than 300 μm) It is suitable in terms of performance. Examples of usable resins include cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene resin, vinyl acetate resin, polyester resin, alkyd resin, vinyl chloride resin, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, urethane resin, acrylic silicon resin, fluorine resin, and the like. Or these composite systems etc. are mentioned.

  When an organic resin is used as the binder, the glass transition temperature is usually −50 to 120 ° C., preferably −20 to 100 ° C., more preferably −10 to 80 ° C. If the glass transition temperature is within such a range, flexibility can be imparted to the laminate. In addition, the glass transition temperature in this invention is a value calculated | required by the formula of Fox from the kind of monomer which comprises organic resin, and its structural ratio.

Examples of the hygroscopic powder particles include boehmite, silica gel, zeolite, sodium sulfate, alumina, allophane, diatomaceous earth, siliceous shale, sepiolite, attabargite, montmorillonite, zonolite, imogolite, Otani stone powder, activated clay, charcoal, bamboo charcoal, Activated carbon, wood powder, shell powder, porous synthetic resin particles, etc. can be used. The average particle diameter of the hygroscopic powder is usually 0.001-1 mm, preferably 0.01-0.5 mm, more preferably 0.01-0.1 mm, and still more preferably 0.01-0.09 mm. It is. In addition, the average particle diameter of the hygroscopic particulate material is a value of 50% particle diameter measured by a centrifugal sedimentation type particle size distribution measuring device.
Such hygroscopic particles have a performance of a moisture absorption rate of 10% or more, preferably 20% or more at a temperature of 20 ° C. and a relative humidity of 90%. By having such a moisture absorption rate, functions such as discomfort suppression by adjusting humidity can be further improved, and a more comfortable living space can be obtained. Moreover, the dew condensation on the base material or the back surface of the base material, generation of mold, and the like can be prevented.

  The composition ratio of the hygroscopic powder particles is usually 20 to 2000 parts by weight (preferably 100 to 1500 parts by weight, more preferably 200 to 1000 parts by weight) with respect to 100 parts by weight (solid content) of the binder. Is preferred. When the constituent ratio of the hygroscopic powder is too small, it becomes difficult to obtain sufficient humidity control performance. It is also disadvantageous in terms of fire resistance. When the constituent ratio of the hygroscopic powder is too large, the strength and flexibility of the laminate are insufficient.

The hygroscopic building material in the present invention preferably further includes an aggregate. The average particle diameter of the aggregate is usually 0.01 to 5 mm, preferably 0.05 to 2 mm, more preferably 0.1 to 1 mm. By using such an aggregate, the humidity control performance can be further enhanced. In addition, it is possible to increase the thickness of the hygroscopic building material. In addition, the average particle diameter of aggregate is a value obtained by performing sieving using a metal net sieve specified in JIS Z8801-1: 2000 and calculating the average value of the weight distribution.
The type of aggregate is not particularly limited, and any of natural products and artificial products can be used. Specifically, for example, heavy calcium carbonate, cold water stone, kaolin, clay, porcelain clay, china clay, talc, barite powder, quartz sand, gravel, glass beads, resin beads, metal particles, or rocks, glass, ceramics, grilled Examples include crushed products such as knots, concrete, mortar, plastic, rubber, and the like. Colored ones can also be used. Note that the moisture absorption rate of the above-mentioned aggregate at a temperature of 20 ° C. and a relative humidity of 90% is usually less than 10%, preferably 3% or less.

  The composition ratio of the aggregate is preferably 50 to 4000 parts by weight (preferably 100 to 3000 parts by weight, more preferably 300 to 2000 parts by weight) with respect to 100 parts by weight (solid content) of the binder. When the aggregate ratio is too small, the effect of improving the humidity control performance cannot be obtained. When the aggregate ratio is too large, the aggregate is easily detached. Moreover, it becomes difficult to impart flexibility.

  As the moisture-absorbing / releasing building material in the present invention, those containing a chemical adsorbent in addition to the above-described components are suitable. The chemical substance adsorbent is an effective component for adsorbing and preventing re-release of harmful gases (for example, formaldehyde, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, trimethylamine, etc.). Examples of the chemical substance adsorbent include amine compounds, urea compounds, amide compounds, imide compounds, hydrazide compounds, azole compounds, azine compounds, layered phosphate compounds, and aluminosilicates. Among these, at least one selected from a layered phosphate compound and an aluminosilicate is preferable, and an aluminosilicate is particularly preferable. The average particle size of such a chemical substance adsorbent is usually about 0.5 to 100 μm (preferably 1 to 50 μm).

Examples of the layered phosphate compound include layered zirconium phosphate, layered zinc phosphate, layered titanium phosphate, layered aluminum phosphate, layered magnesium phosphate, layered cerium phosphate, and the like. An amine compound is included in these layered phosphate compounds. Intercalated ones are preferred. Examples of the amine compound include methylamine, ethylamine, aniline, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, propylenediamine, dipropylenetriamine, and tripropylenetetramine.
Examples of the aluminosilicate include a composite oxide of at least one metal selected from zinc, copper, silver, cobalt, nickel, iron, titanium, barium, tin, and zirconium, and aluminum and silicon.

In the present invention, a photocatalytic substance can also be used as a component constituting the hygroscopic building material. A photocatalytic substance is an effective component for preventing decomposition and re-release of harmful gases. Furthermore, it has the capability of decomposing contaminants (such as tobacco dust) adhering to the moisture permeable layer. Examples of the photocatalytic substance include TiO ₂ , ZnO, Bi ₂ O ₃ , BiVO ₄ , SrTiO ₃ , CdS, InP, InPb, GaP, GaAs, BaTiO ₃ , BaTiO ₄ , BaTi ₄ O ₉ , K ₂ NbO ₃ , Nb. ₂ O ₅ , Fe ₂ O ₃ , Ta ₂ O ₅ , Ta ₃ N ₅ , K ₃ Ta ₃ Si ₂ O ₃ , WO ₃ , SnO ₂ , NiO, Cu ₂ O, SiC, MoS ₂ , RuO ₂ , CeO ₂ In addition to these, a complex of these with a metal, a metal oxide, a layered compound, or the like can be given. The average particle size of such a photocatalytic substance is usually about 0.001 to 1 μm (preferably 0.01 to 0.5 μm).
In addition, it is better not to use a photocatalyst substance that has a photocatalyst substance supported on a hygroscopic particulate material because the photocatalytic action may be inhibited by moisture absorption.

  In the present invention, it is particularly preferable to use a chemical substance adsorbent and a photocatalytic substance in combination. By using a chemical adsorbent and a photocatalytic substance in combination, practical performance can be obtained in the adsorption / decomposition / re-release prevention of harmful gases, and a harmful gas filter effect can be imparted to the hygroscopic building materials. In the present invention, it is possible to obtain the adsorption / decomposition / re-release prevention performance of the invading harmful gas, particularly on both the indoor side and the base material side.

  For the hygroscopic building materials, in addition to the above-mentioned components, for example, pigments, fibers, plasticizers, antibacterial agents, antifungal agents, insecticides, flame retardants, lubricants, film-forming aids, crosslinking agents, antioxidants, ultraviolet rays An absorbent, an antiblocking agent, etc. may be contained.

  As the moisture absorbing / releasing building material in the present invention, a laminate in which a moisture permeable layer having a chemical substance adsorbent and a photocatalytic substance is laminated on a moisture absorbing / releasing layer is suitable. In such hygroscopic building materials, most of the toxic gas is adsorbed and decomposed in the moisture permeable layer when absorbing moisture. Even if the toxic gas passes through the moisture-permeable layer and reaches the moisture-absorbing / releasing layer, they are adsorbed and decomposed by the moisture-permeable layer when moisture is released. That is, the moisture-permeable layer effectively acts as a harmful gas filter, and can exhibit excellent performance in harmful gas adsorption / decomposition performance and harmful gas re-release prevention performance.

Specifically, the moisture absorbing / releasing layer contains 20 to 2000 parts by weight (preferably 100 to 1500 parts by weight, more preferably 200 to 1000 parts by weight) of the moisture absorbing / releasing particles with respect to 100 parts by weight of the binder. Is preferred.
When an organic resin is used as the binder, the glass transition temperature is usually −50 to 100 ° C., preferably −20 to 80 ° C., more preferably −10 to 50 ° C. If the glass transition temperature is within such a range, flexibility can be imparted to the laminate. By using an organic resin having cross-linking reactivity as the binder, various physical properties such as moisture absorption / release properties, water resistance, and chemical resistance can be enhanced.

  The moisture absorbing / releasing layer may further contain an aggregate. The composition ratio of the aggregate is usually 50 to 2500 parts by weight, preferably 100 to 2000 parts by weight, and more preferably 300 to 1500 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight (solid content) of the binder. Such a composition ratio is preferable in terms of humidity control, strength, flexibility, and the like.

As the moisture permeable layer, a binder, an aggregate having an average particle diameter of 0.01 to 5 mm, a chemical substance adsorbent, and a photocatalytic substance as essential components are suitable. By adopting such a moisture permeable layer, it is possible to further enhance the adsorption / decomposition effect of harmful gas and the effect of suppressing re-release.
Specifically, as the moisture permeable layer, 100 to 4000 parts by weight of an aggregate having an average particle diameter of 0.01 to 5 mm, 0.1 to 100 parts by weight of a chemical adsorbent, and 100 parts by weight of a binder. What contains 0.1-50 weight part of photocatalytic substances is suitable.

  The glass transition temperature of the organic resin in the moisture permeable layer is usually −30 to 120 ° C., preferably −10 to 100 ° C., more preferably 0 to 80 ° C. If the glass transition temperature is within such a range, moderate flexibility can be imparted to the laminate, which is also preferable from the viewpoint of preventing the adhesion of contaminants on the laminate surface. When the organic resin in the moisture permeable layer has cross-linking reactivity, it is advantageous in terms of moisture permeability, water resistance, chemical resistance, etc., and the resistance to the photocatalytic substance can be increased.

  The glass transition temperature of the organic resin in the moisture permeable layer is desirably set higher (preferably higher than 5 ° C., more preferably higher than 10 ° C.) than the glass transition temperature of the organic resin in the moisture absorbing / releasing layer. By such setting of the glass transition temperature, processing such as cutting is facilitated, and the laminate can be processed freely according to the situation at the construction site. Specifically, the glass transition temperature of the organic resin in the moisture absorbing / releasing layer is -20 to 80 ° C, the glass transition temperature of the organic resin in the moisture permeable layer is -10 to 100 ° C, and the organic resin in the moisture permeable layer is It is desirable to set the glass transition temperature to be 5 ° C. or more higher than the glass transition temperature of the organic resin in the moisture absorption / release layer.

  The composition ratio of the aggregate in the moisture permeable layer is usually 100 to 4000 parts by weight, preferably 300 to 3000 parts by weight, and more preferably 500 to 2000 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight (solid content) of the binder. Such a composition ratio is suitable in terms of moisture permeability, moisture absorption / release properties, harmful gas adsorption / decomposability, finish, and the like.

  The composition ratio of the chemical substance adsorbent is usually 0.1 to 100 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 80 parts by weight, and more preferably 5 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight (solid content) of the binder. If the composition ratio of the chemical substance adsorbent is within such a range, sufficient performance can be obtained in the harmful gas adsorption effect and the re-release prevention effect. Moreover, it is suitable also in terms of design properties, water resistance, cost and the like.

  The composition ratio of the photocatalytic substance is usually 0.1 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 0.5 to 30 parts by weight, and more preferably 1 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight (solid content) of the binder. When the composition ratio of the photocatalytic substance is within such a range, it is preferable in terms of decomposability of harmful gas, re-release prevention property, design property, durability, and the like.

The moisture-absorbing / releasing building material in the present invention can be produced by a known method. Specific production methods include a method of pouring the mixture of the above components into a mold and demolding after curing, or a method of forming the mixture of the above components with a heating kneader and a rolling roll.
The hygroscopic building material in the present invention is preferably used as a sheet-like molded article, and may be a single-layered sheet-like molded article or a sheet-like molded article in which two or more layers are laminated. When producing a two-layered sheet-like molded body comprising a moisture absorbing / releasing layer and a moisture permeable layer, (i) the moisture permeable layer forming composition is poured into a mold and then the moisture absorbing / releasing layer forming composition. (Ii) A method of pouring the moisture-absorbing / releasing layer forming composition into a mold, laminating the moisture-permeable layer forming composition, and demolding after curing; (iii) ) A method of laminating a layer (sheet) obtained by molding the moisture permeable layer forming composition with a heating kneader and a rolling roll and a layer (sheet) obtained by molding the moisture absorbing / releasing layer forming composition with a heating kneader and a rolling roll; The manufacturing method can be adopted. In the production of moisture-absorbing / releasing building materials, reinforcing materials such as woven fabric, non-woven fabric, ceramic paper, synthetic paper, glass cloth, and mesh can be laminated.

  The thickness of the moisture-absorbing / releasing building material may be set as appropriate according to the intended use, but is usually 1 mm to 30 mm, preferably 1.5 mm to 20 mm, more preferably about 2 mm to 10 mm.

(Construction method)
In the present invention, a moisture-absorbing / releasing building material is laminated on the base material via a moisture-permeable adhesive.
The adhesive may be applied to the base material side and / or the hygroscopic building material side. In this case, the adhesive can be applied to the entire surface of the base material side and / or the hygroscopic building material side, or can be applied partially. Further, the surface of the adhesive may be flat or coated so as to be uneven.
In the present invention, in consideration of adhesion and strength, it is preferable to apply the adhesive to the entire surface of the base material side and / or the hygroscopic building material side. By applying the adhesive to the entire surface, the effects of the present invention can be sufficiently exerted. That is, it has excellent moisture permeability and humidity control properties as well as adhesion and strength.
When applying the adhesive, instruments such as a trowel, a spatula, a brush, and a roller can be used.
Coat-weight of the adhesive may be set as appropriate depending on the weight and application of the moisture-absorbing and desorbing building materials, but usually 50 to 1500 g / ^{m 2,} preferably may be set to 200 to 1000 g / ^{m 2} approximately.

When the hygroscopic building material is affixed to the base material, a predetermined gap (joint) can be provided at the butting portion between the building materials. In this case, the adhesive can be exposed at the joint.
What is necessary is just to remove suitably the adhesive agent which protruded at the time of hygroscopic building material sticking by a well-known method. When an adhesive having a relatively large amount of powder is used, it can be easily cut and removed with a cutter or the like after the adhesive is solidified.
When constructing a moisture-absorbing / releasing building material comprising a moisture-absorbing / releasing layer and a moisture-permeable layer, it is usually sufficient that the moisture-absorbing / releasing layer side is in contact with the adhesive so as to adhere to the substrate.

  The moisture-absorbing / releasing structure comprising the moisture-permeable base material, the moisture-permeable adhesive and the moisture-absorbing / absorbing building material thus obtained is excellent in moisture permeability and moisture absorbing / releasing properties, and sufficient moisture conditioning in the indoor space. An effect can be acquired and a comfortable living space can be obtained. In addition, the moisture present not only in the indoor space but also on the base material and the back surface of the base material (for example, inside the building wall) can be sufficiently permeable to prevent condensation and mold generation on the base material and the back surface of the base material. And a more comfortable living space can be obtained.

Specifically, the moisture absorption / release amount of the moisture absorbing / releasing structure is preferably 50 g / m ² or more, preferably 80 g / m ² or more, more preferably 100 g / m ² or more. With such a value, a sufficient humidity control effect can be obtained in the indoor space, and a more comfortable living space can be obtained. The moisture absorption and desorption amount is measured by the procedure of JIS A1470-1: 2002 “Method of moisture absorption and desorption of moisture control building material” 7.2 after sealing the back side surface of the moisture absorbing / releasing structure with an aluminum adhesive tape. Value.

(Production of adhesive)
Adhesive 1: Acrylic resin emulsion (average particle size 140 nm, glass transition temperature 0 ° C., solid content 50 wt%) 20 parts by weight, heavy calcium carbonate (average particle size 20 μm) 66 parts by weight, 2,2,4-trimethyl Adhesive 1 was prepared by mixing 1 part by weight of -1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate.
Adhesive 2: Acrylic resin emulsion (average particle diameter 80 nm, glass transition temperature 30 ° C., solid content 38% by weight) 20 parts by weight, heavy calcium carbonate (average particle diameter 20 μm) 66 parts by weight, 2,2,4-trimethyl Adhesive 2 was prepared by mixing 1 part by weight of -1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate.
Adhesive 3: Acrylic resin emulsion (average particle size 140 nm, glass transition temperature 0 ° C., solid content 50 wt%) 20 parts by weight, heavy calcium carbonate (average particle size 20 μm) 60 parts by weight, boehmite (average particle size 150 μm, Adhesive 3 was prepared by mixing 6 parts by weight of moisture absorption 35%) and 1 part by weight of 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate.
Adhesive 4: Solvent-soluble acrylic resin (glass transition temperature 0 ° C., solid content 50% by weight) 28 parts by weight, heavy calcium carbonate (average particle size 20 μm) 66 parts by weight, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1 , 3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate 1 part by weight was mixed to prepare an adhesive 4.
Adhesive 5: Solvent-free epoxy resin adhesive

(Water vapor permeability of adhesive)
The adhesives 1 to 5 were applied to Japanese paper so that the dry film thickness was 0.5 mm, and the water vapor permeability after drying for 24 hours was measured according to JIS K5400: 1990 “General Test Method for Paints” 8.17. did. The results are shown below.
Adhesive 1: ^85g / m 2 · 24h
Adhesive 2: ^60g / m 2 · 24h
Adhesive 3: 110 g / m ² · 24 h
Adhesive 4: ^27g / m 2 · 24h
Adhesive 5: ^0g / m 2 · 24h

(Production of hygroscopic building materials)
(Hygroscopic building material 1)
Acrylic resin emulsion (monomer composition: 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid, acrylamide, glass transition temperature 15 ° C., solid content 50% by weight) 200 parts by weight, silica sand (average particle size 120 μm) 50 parts by weight, colored silica sand ( An average particle size of 120 μm) 1200 parts by weight, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate 8 parts by weight and water 700 parts by weight were uniformly stirred and mixed, and the paste 1 was released. It was poured into a mold (150 mm long × 70 mm wide × 5 mm deep) coated with the agent, smoothed using a trowel, and dried at 23 ° C. for 24 hours.
Furthermore, acrylic resin emulsion (monomer composition: 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, styrene, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, glass transition temperature 0 ° C., solid content 50% by weight) 200 parts by weight, boehmite (average particle size 150 μm, moisture absorption 35%) 550 parts by weight, silica sand (average particle size 120 μm) 670 parts by weight, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate 3 parts by weight, and water 700 parts by weight uniformly stirred and mixed Product 2 was poured onto paste 1 and smoothed using a trowel.
By demolding after drying at 23 ° C. for 24 hours, the moisture-permeable layer (cured product of paste-like product 1; thickness 2.0 mm) and the moisture-absorbing / releasing layer (cured product of paste-like product 2; thickness 1.5 mm) A moisture absorbing / releasing building material 1 was obtained. This hygroscopic building material 1 had a thickness of 3.5 mm.

(Hygroscopic building material 2)
Acrylic resin emulsion (monomer composition: 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, acrylamide, glass transition temperature 15 ° C., solid content 50% by weight) 200 parts by weight, silica sand (average particle size 120 μm) 50 parts by weight, colored silica sand ( 1,200 parts by weight of an average particle diameter of 120 μm, 20 parts by weight of an amine composite layered zirconium phosphate (average particle diameter of 45 μm), 5 parts by weight of anatase-type titanium oxide (average particle diameter of 0.02 μm), 2,2,4-trimethyl-1 , 3-Pentanediol monoisobutyrate 8 parts by weight and 700 parts by weight of water uniformly stirred and mixed into a paste-like product 3 with a mold release agent (length 150 mm x width 70 mm x depth 5 mm) And then smoothed using a trowel and dried at 23 ° C. for 24 hours.
Furthermore, the paste-like material 2 was poured onto the paste-like material 3 and smoothed using a trowel.
By demolding after drying at 23 ° C. for 24 hours, the moisture-permeable layer (cured product of paste-like product 3; thickness 2.0 mm) and moisture-absorbing / releasing layer (cured product of paste-like product 2; thickness 1.5 mm) A moisture absorbing / releasing building material 2 was obtained. This hygroscopic building material 2 had a thickness of 3.5 mm.

(Moisture absorption / release test of moisture-absorbing / releasing building materials)
After sealing the side surfaces and back surface of each of the moisture-absorbing / releasing building materials 1, 2 (each moisture-absorbing / releasing layer side) with an aluminum adhesive tape, according to the procedure of JIS A6909: 2003 “Finishing finish coating material” 7.32.2, After leaving at 7 ° C. ± 7 ° C. for 7 days, the moisture absorption / release amount (g / m ² ) was measured. As a result, the moisture absorption / release amount was 210 g / m ^{2 for} the moisture absorbing / releasing building material 1 and 200 g / m ² for the moisture absorbing / releasing building material 2.

(Water vapor permeability of hygroscopic building materials)
The water vapor permeability (g / m ² · 24 h) of the moisture-absorbing / releasing building materials 1 and 2 was measured according to the procedure of JIS A1324: 1995 “Method for measuring moisture permeability of building materials” 5.2. As a result, the water vapor permeability, hygroscopicity building materials 1 282 g ^/ m 2 · 24h, hygroscopicity building material 2 was 270g ^/ m 2 · 24h.

(Test Example 1)
Adhesive 1 is applied to the entire surface of a plaster board (length 100 mm × width 100 mm × thickness 9.5 mm) using a spatula so that the dry film thickness is 0.5 mm, and then the hygroscopic building material 1 Was attached so that the back surface (moisture absorption / release layer side) was in contact with the adhesive, to obtain a test specimen. The water vapor permeability of the gypsum board was 250 g / m ² · 24 h.

(Moisture absorption / release test)
After sealing the side surface and back surface (gypsum board surface) of the test body with aluminum adhesive tape, according to the procedure of JIS A1470-1: 2002 “Hygroscopic building material moisture absorption / release property test” 7.2 at 80 ° C. ± 2 ° C. After standing for 7 days, the moisture absorption / release amount (g / m ² ) was measured. As a result, the moisture absorption / release amount was 280 g / m ² , and the moisture absorption / release property was significantly improved as compared with the moisture absorption / release building material 1 alone.

(Test Example 2)
A test specimen was prepared in the same manner as in Test Example 1 except that the adhesive 2 was used instead of the adhesive 1, and a moisture absorption / release test was performed. As a result, the moisture absorption / release amount was 268 g / m ² , and the moisture absorption / release property was improved as compared with the moisture absorption / release building material 1 alone.

(Test Example 3)
A test body was prepared in the same manner as in Test Example 1 except that the adhesive 3 was used instead of the adhesive 1, and a moisture absorption / release test was performed. As a result, the moisture absorption / release amount was 294 g / m ² , and the moisture absorption / release property was significantly improved as compared with the moisture absorption / release building material 1 alone.

(Test Example 4)
A test specimen was prepared in the same manner as in Test Example 1 except that the adhesive 4 was used instead of the adhesive 1, and a moisture absorption / release test was performed. As a result, the moisture absorption / release amount was 236 g / m ² , and the moisture absorption / release property was improved as compared with the moisture absorption / release building material 1 alone.

(Test Example 5)
A test specimen was prepared in the same manner as in Test Example 1 except that the adhesive 5 was used instead of the adhesive 1, and a moisture absorption / release test was performed. As a result, the moisture absorption / release amount was 185 g / m ² , and the moisture absorption / release property was lower than that of the moisture absorption / release building material 1 alone.

(Test Example 6)
A specimen was prepared in the same manner as in Test Example 1 except that the hygroscopic building material 2 was used in place of the hygroscopic building material 1, and a moisture absorption and desorption test was performed. As a result, the moisture absorption / release amount was 269 g / m ² , and the moisture absorption / release property was improved as compared with the moisture absorption / release building material 1 alone.

  Further, in Test Example 6, the following harmful gas adsorption / decomposition performance test and harmful gas re-release prevention performance were performed.

(Toxic gas adsorption / decomposition performance test)
In the same manner as in Example 1, the test body was prepared by sealing the side and back surfaces (gypsum board surface) of the test body with an aluminum adhesive tape. The test body was placed in a 3 liter sachet, and wet air (23 ° C., 90% RH) in which formaldehyde (20 ppm) was diffused was filled in the sachet and sealed. After 30 minutes, the formaldehyde concentration in the odor bag was measured using a detector tube, and the decomposition rate was determined by the following formula. As a result, it was 99%, and the adsorption / decomposition performance of harmful gases was excellent.
Degradation rate (%) = [(initial formaldehyde concentration−formaldehyde concentration after test) / initial formaldehyde concentration] × 100

(Hazardous gas re-release prevention performance)
The test specimen after the harmful gas adsorption / decomposition performance test was placed in a new 3-liter sachet, filled with dry air (23 ° C., 45% RH) and sealed. After the sachet was heated for 24 hours under the condition of 50 ° C., the formaldehyde concentration in the sachet was measured using a detector tube to confirm the re-release of formaldehyde. As a result, no re-release of formaldehyde was observed.

Claims (5)

  A construction method of a moisture absorbing / releasing building material, wherein a moisture absorbing / releasing building material is laminated on a moisture permeable base material through a moisture permeable adhesive. The method for constructing a hygroscopic building material according to claim 1, wherein the water vapor permeability of the adhesive is 30 g / m ² · 24 h or more.   The construction method for a hygroscopic building material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the adhesive contains a synthetic resin emulsion having an average particle diameter of 100 to 500 nm as a binder. The moisture absorbing / releasing building material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the moisture absorbing / releasing amount of the moisture absorbing / releasing building material is 50 g / m ² or more.   The moisture-permeable structure obtained by the construction method of the hygroscopic building material of Claims 1-4.