WO2005104105A1 - 固有の識別情報が書き込まれた再生専用の光記録媒体 - Google Patents
固有の識別情報が書き込まれた再生専用の光記録媒体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005104105A1 WO2005104105A1 PCT/JP2005/006954 JP2005006954W WO2005104105A1 WO 2005104105 A1 WO2005104105 A1 WO 2005104105A1 JP 2005006954 W JP2005006954 W JP 2005006954W WO 2005104105 A1 WO2005104105 A1 WO 2005104105A1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
- G11B7/007—Arrangement of the information on the record carrier, e.g. form of tracks, actual track shape, e.g. wobbled, or cross-section, e.g. v-shaped; Sequential information structures, e.g. sectoring or header formats within a track
- G11B7/00736—Auxiliary data, e.g. lead-in, lead-out, Power Calibration Area [PCA], Burst Cutting Area [BCA], control information
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
- G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
- G11B20/10009—Improvement or modification of read or write signals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
- G11B7/004—Recording, reproducing or erasing methods; Read, write or erase circuits therefor
- G11B7/0045—Recording
- G11B7/00451—Recording involving ablation of the recording layer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
- G11B7/004—Recording, reproducing or erasing methods; Read, write or erase circuits therefor
- G11B7/0045—Recording
- G11B7/00456—Recording strategies, e.g. pulse sequences
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a read-only optical recording medium on which unique identification information can be written and a management method for writing medium-specific identification information to a read-only optical recording medium.
- the present application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 20044-15893 filed on Apr. 21, 2004, which is incorporated herein by reference.
- a read-only optical recording medium such as a CD (Compact Disc) or a DVD (Digital Versatil Disc) It has been known.
- a playback-only recording medium that records content such as music and video must guarantee that the content is intact. This is usually guaranteed by first creating one master and then duplicating the read-only medium from one master one after another.
- the same information is recorded from a single master. It is possible to copy a large number of read-only media at once. Therefore, the disk-shaped read-only optical recording medium is compared with other recording media that replace the rewritable recording medium with the read-only medium, such as a tape cassette or a video tape cassette for a video tape recorder.
- the master is hardly deteriorated, and the duplication is extremely easy. This is very advantageous from the viewpoint of the time required for the duplication and the cost.
- the method developed by Sony Disc Technology, Inc. means that optical recording media such as CDs, which use a material that is melted by write-once light as a material of a reflective film serving as a recording layer, are mass-produced by a stamper or the like. Subsequently, a high-power laser beam is applied to a convex portion (land) of a predetermined portion of the concave-convex pattern formed on the recording track, and the land is converted into a concave portion (pit).
- optical recording media such as CDs, which use a material that is melted by write-once light as a material of a reflective film serving as a recording layer
- areas where the land can be pitted are provided in a plurality of predetermined portions on the read-only medium, and the respective portions of the power land are pitted in accordance with the unique information of the medium.
- the part where the land is pitted must be a certain predetermined part on the medium, and after the land has been pitted. If a data string that does not comply with the modulation rule is formed, the recording medium cannot be reproduced.
- an optical disc which uses a light beam having a wavelength of about 405 nm as an optical disc which has a higher recording density and a higher capacity than a CD or DVD, and which has a higher capacity.
- optical discs of this type which have been designed to have high density and high capacity, an extremely large amount of content can be recorded on one piece of data. Not only can it cause serious damage to the company, but can also cause irreparable disadvantages.
- a 17-parity storage modulation method is used as a modulation method.
- This 17-parity preservation modulation method is a modulation method in which the modulation unit is variable length, unlike the modulation method of fixed bit length such as EFM or EFM + modulation method, and information for notity preservation is transmitted before modulation. It has the feature of being added. This Because of these characteristic points, it is very difficult to form lands at which identification information can be additionally recorded at predetermined positions in 1-7 parity preserving modulation as compared with EFM or the like.
- the 17-parity preserving modulation method when used as the modulation method, even if a land is generated at a predetermined position, information before and after the land cannot be freely changed. That is, it is difficult to support recording media on which different contents and the like are recorded.
- the fact that the processing at the time of reproduction is excluded only for the information block indicates that special information is recorded in this information block, which is not desirable. For example, by detecting a signal input to this information block, there is a possibility that special information recorded in the information block may be played back, and the unique information of the medium will be used for a long time. This makes it possible to create an illegal copy.
- An object of the present invention to identify identification information such as medium-specific information in an optical recording medium on which an additional bit can be additionally recorded in an actual bit string so that identification information cannot be illegally extracted.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a management method for writing, for example, identification information unique to a medium to an optical recording medium with enhanced confidentiality of information and a read-only optical recording medium.
- the optical recording medium employs a logical format for managing data by an error correction block including a predetermined amount of information and an error correction code for the predetermined amount of information, and a predetermined format for an information bit string.
- a read-only optical recording medium that employs a physical format that forms projections (lands) and depressions (pits) on a recording track corresponding to a modulated bit string generated by performing modulation. It has an additional recording area in which a predetermined additional recording pattern is formed at a plurality of predetermined positions on the track, and the additional recording pattern formed in the additional recording area has a shape of pit, land, and pit.
- Pit one land one pi The bit sequence after modulation before and after the additional write pattern of the bit is the same as that of the pit land, even if the partial power of the additional write pattern of the pit is replaced by a pattern composed of all pits, the entire bit sequence after modulation is variable length modulated.
- Pit land The center land of the additional pattern of pits does not physically change when irradiated with the laser power for reproduction, but is larger than the laser power for reproduction.
- the reflection characteristics become equivalent to the pit reflection characteristics, and the number of write-once areas provided in one error correction block is determined by the information bit sequence obtained by demodulating the write-once pattern part. Even if all of the errors are errors, the error information is in a range that can be eliminated by the error correction code.
- a logical format that manages data by an error correction block consisting of an error correction code for a predetermined amount of information is adopted, and a modulated bit sequence generated by performing predetermined modulation on an information bit sequence is used.
- a read-only optical recording medium that employs a physical format that forms projections (lands) and depressions (pits) on a recording track, it is used to record identification information of the optical recording medium in the recording track.
- a write-once area in which a predetermined write-on pattern is formed is set at a plurality of predetermined positions on a recording track, and the write-once pattern formed in the write-once area is formed into a pit-land-pit shape.
- the bit sequence after modulation before and after the pit-to-land-to-pit additional recording pattern, and the pit, land, and pit additional recording pattern portion are all pits Even when the pattern is replaced with the generated pattern, the entire modulated bit string is generated so as to follow the rules of variable length modulation, and the pit land is irradiated with the laser power for reproduction on the middle land of the pit additional recording pattern.
- it does not change materially, it is made of a material that is equivalent to the pit reflection characteristics when irradiated with laser light having a power greater than the laser power for reproduction, and is set at a plurality of predetermined positions.
- a write-once pattern in the form of a pit land is formed in a plurality of predetermined areas in a recording track of an optical recording medium.
- the bit sequence after modulation before and after the additional write pattern is such that the entire bit sequence after modulation follows the rules of variable-length modulation even when the partial force of the additional write pattern of the pit land pit is replaced with a non-turn composed of all pits.
- the land in the middle of the write-once pattern that has been generated does not change materially even when irradiated with a laser beam for reproduction, but is irradiated with a laser beam of a larger power than the laser power for reproduction. , And the same as the reflection characteristics of the pit.
- the number of additional write patterns provided in one error correction block is determined by an error correction code even if all information bit strings obtained by demodulating the additional write pattern portion are errors. It is the range that disappears. As a result, in the present invention, even if an attempt is made to illegally extract the identification information, the identification information is lost due to the error correction processing, so that the confidentiality of the identification information can be improved.
- FIG. 1A is a plan view showing an example of an optical disc to which the present invention is applied
- FIG. 1B is an enlarged partial perspective view showing a pit pattern formed on the optical disc.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a format of an error detection code (EDC).
- EDC error detection code
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a format of an error correction code (ECC).
- ECC error correction code
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a BIS format.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relationship between a physical cluster and a linking area.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a data configuration of a physical cluster.
- FIG. 7A to FIG. 7C are diagrams each showing a data configuration of a data frame.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a UDI generation bit string provided in a DC control block.
- FIG. 9A is a partial cross-sectional view of an optical disc showing a write-once pattern before melting.
- 9B is a partial cross-sectional view of the optical disc showing a state where the write-once pattern is irradiated with laser light.
- FIG. 9C is a partial cross-sectional view of the optical disc showing a write-once pattern after melting.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a case where two UID generation bit strings are provided in one data frame.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example in which one UID generation bit string is provided in one data frame.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a modulation table of 1-7 parity preserving modulation.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a frame synchronization signal of a data frame.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a UID generation bit sequence for generating a 3T-2T-3T additional recording pattern.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating information obtained by demodulating the result of performing 17-parity preserving modulation on the 1110 generated bit string for 3 to 2 to 3 bits.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a UID generation bit string for generating a 4T-2T-2T additional write pattern.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating information obtained by demodulating the result of performing 17-parity preserving modulation on the 1110 generated bit string for 4-2-2 chocks.
- FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing a process of a method for manufacturing an optical disc to which the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing an example of a UID cutting device to which the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing a more detailed configuration of the UID cutting device.
- FIG. 21 is a block diagram showing an example of an optical disc reproducing apparatus to which the present invention has been applied.
- FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing another example of the optical disc reproducing apparatus to which the present invention is applied.
- the optical disk 1 is a read-only disk in which data is reproduced using a light beam having a wavelength of about 405 nm and the density of recorded data is increased and the capacity is increased.
- This optical disc 1 has a radius R of 60 mm and a thickness d of 12 mm, as shown in FIGS. 1A and IB.
- a blue-violet laser emitting a laser beam having a wavelength of 405 nm is used.
- a lens having a numerical aperture (NA) of 0.85 is used as the objective lens for converging and irradiating the laser beam emitted from the laser onto the signal recording surface of the optical disc 1.
- data is written on the optical disc 1 by forming a concave portion 4 along a recording track on a bottom surface portion 3 which is a laser light reflecting surface side. That is, it is formed on a recording track having a continuous force of a concavo-convex pattern corresponding to a bit string of data to be recorded.
- the concave portion 4 formed on the bottom surface 3 of the recording track is referred to as “pit”, and the bottom surface 3 other than the pit on the bottom surface of the recording track is referred to as “land”.
- the optical disc 1 has a reflective film 6 having high light reflection characteristics laminated on a substrate 5 made of synthetic resin such as polycarbonate or acrylic, which has optical transparency, and a protective film laminated on the reflective film 6. It is configured.
- the optical disk 1 is irradiated with a light beam from the protective film side, and data is read.
- the material properties of the reflective film 6 do not change at all even when irradiated with a laser beam having a power of a normal reproduction level.
- the material melts and the material has a partial force equivalent to the reflection characteristics of the S pit.
- the lands are made of a material that can be regarded as pits when irradiated with high-power laser light.
- the reflective layer is made of aluminum.
- the reflective layer is made of, for example, an alloy of aluminum and titanium, an alloy of aluminum and another element, or an alloy containing silver. It is composed.
- the optical disc 1 is manufactured by transferring the pattern of concavo-convex (land and pit) by a stamper or the like, the same product is mass-produced.
- the disc-specific identification information (hereinafter also referred to as a unique ID or UID) is applied to each disc. Recorded on a sheet.
- the recording method is such that a predetermined position in a recording track of a disc is irradiated with a high-power laser and a plurality of additional recording areas in which a land can be pitted are set in advance as a transfer pattern, and a unique ID is set.
- a predetermined additional recording area of all the additional recording areas is selected according to the content of the additional recording area, and a land at a predetermined position in the selected additional recording area is irradiated with a high-power laser to perform pitting.
- the optical disc 1 is managed by a recorded logical capacity and a predetermined physical format.
- the logical format is characterized in that an error correction code based on Reed'Solomon code is applied to user information.
- the physical format is characterized in that 1-7 parity-preserving modulation coding and NRZ-NRZI conversion are performed on the error-correction-coded information.
- the entire information recorded on the optical disk 1 is divided into 64 kilobyte data groups, error detection and correction codes are added to each divided data group, and it is called one ECC cluster.
- ECC cluster Form the basic unit of data.
- the specific configuration of the ECC cluster is as follows. First, the 64-kbyte data group is subdivided into 32 data groups to form a 2048-byte data group as shown in Fig. 2, and a 4-byte error detection is performed on each 2048-byte data group. A code (EDC) is added to make a data group of 2052 bytes in total. The generator polynomial of the error detection code (EDC) is as shown in Equation 1 below.
- G (x) x 32 + x 31 + x + l then performs a predetermined scrambling the data group unit of 32 2052 bytes, also again To the data group (32 X 2052 bytes). Then, as shown in Figure 3, this 32 x 20
- the 52-byte data group is subdivided into 304 data groups of 216 bytes in size. next
- the ECC cluster is completed by performing a predetermined interleaving and rearranging.
- the error correction code added to the ECC cluster uses the Reed-Solomon code encoding scheme shown by the following generator polynomial of Equation 2.
- Reed-Solomon code error correction is performed in byte units.
- the number of error-correctable bytes of a Reed-Solomon code is generally half the number of error-correcting codes.
- a 32-byte Reed'Solomon code correction code is added to a 216-byte data group, so that error correction of up to 16 bytes out of 216 bytes is possible. With the density, errors up to 16 bytes and Z248 bytes can be corrected.
- the optical disc 1 has a data unit called a BIS cluster in addition to the ECC cluster.
- the BIS cluster is a data unit in which an ECC cluster number called an address, a block number in the ECC cluster, and a number called a user control indicating a function of information recorded in the ECC cluster are recorded.
- the specific configuration of the BIS cluster is as follows. First, an address composed of 4 bytes of information indicating an address number, 1 byte of information as additional data, and an error correction code of 4 bytes of Reed'Solomon code is formed. Next, 24 30-byte data groups are formed by combining such 9-byte address information and 21-byte user control. Next, as shown in FIG. 4, a 32-byte error correction code is added to each of the 30-byte data groups, and the data is rearranged by performing predetermined interleaving and finally rearranging the BIS data. The cluster is completed. The generator polynomial of the error correction code added to the BIS cluster is as shown in Equation 3 below.
- the physical layer of the optical disc 1 includes a physical cluster portion in which data obtained by combining an ECC cluster and a BIS cluster is recorded, and two linking portions connecting these physical cluster portions. It is configured to appear.
- the physical cluster section is divided into 16 blocks called address units, and each address unit is further divided into 31 data frames.
- the linking unit is composed of two data frames.
- the data frame 155 bytes of information are recorded as shown in FIG. 7A.
- the data frame data is the information of the three-noise BIS cluster at the 39th, 78th, and 117th knots, and the remaining 152 bytes are the ECC cluster information.
- the BIS cluster contains address data and user control data. The address is included in the BIS cluster of the first three data frames in each address unit, and the user control data is the rest. Included in the BIS cluster of the data frame! / ,.
- the actual data is divided into a total of 28 data groups, with the first 25 bits as one data group and the rest as 45-bit data groups. .
- the data frame consists of a 20-bit frame synchronization signal, 25-bit actual data, and one DC control bit at the beginning, and a 45-bit It is divided into 28 DC control blocks consisting of actual data and one DC control bit.
- the 1-bit DC control bit at the end of each block is an index digital sum value indicating the magnitude of the DC component obtained by adding the modulated bit values 0 to 1 and 1 in correspondence with 1.
- the bit value is determined so that the absolute value of (DSV) approaches 0.
- a bit string of a predetermined number of bits (eg, 12 bits (before 1-7 parity preservation modulation)) for forming an additional recording area for identification information unique to the medium, as shown in FIG. (Record generation data) so that (UID generation bit string) is formed in a predetermined DC control block. That is, after the optical disc 1 is manufactured by the stamper, a UID generation bit string is formed at a predetermined position in order to form an additional recording area for additionally recording a unique ID by irradiating a high output laser.
- This UID generation bit sequence is a bit sequence for generating a pit land-pit additional write pattern (described in detail later) after performing 17 parity preservation modulation and NRZ-NRZI conversion.
- the UID generation bit sequence is not provided for all DC control blocks, but only for a specific DC control block. For example, one or a plurality of predetermined physical cluster units are selected, and a UID generation bit sequence is formed in a DC control block of some of the data frames. Also, the UID generation bit string is formed only for some DC control blocks, not for all DC control blocks in the data frame.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a formation position of a UID generation bit string in the DC control block.
- the UID generation bit string is formed at a predetermined position in the DC control block.
- the UID generation bit string is provided so as to be located at the terminal end of the DC control block excluding the DC control bits.
- the DC control bit is 2 bits. This is indicated for convenience because the modulation is modulated in units of 2 bits.
- the position where the UID generation bit sequence is formed is from the beginning of the DC control block to the 33rd bit and the 44th bit (before modulation).
- the UID generation bit string as described above needs to prevent the optical disk 1 from becoming a disk that does not conform to the above-mentioned logical format and physical format by forming the UID generation bit string.
- a pit (recess) -land (convex) is located at a plurality of predetermined positions on the recording track of the optical disc.
- a pit (recess) pattern is formed.
- the additional write pattern is formed by irradiating a high-power laser to a middle land portion to melt the land to form a pit, and as shown in FIG. (Recess) —A pattern for recording a unique ID on the optical disc 1 by using a pit (recess) pattern.
- FIG. 9 shows a diagram in which the substrate is also melted, it is considered that the reflective film actually melts.
- this additional recording pattern is not limited to any pit-land-pit configuration, and the following conditions are required.
- the postscript pattern is a pit-land-pit concavo-convex pattern.
- the length of the additional write pattern is not more than the longest code length after 17 parity protection modulation and NRZ-NRZI conversion, and is at least 3 times the shortest code length after 17 parity protection modulation and NRZ-NRZI conversion. . That is, since the longest code length is 8T and the shortest code length is 2 ⁇ ( ⁇ is the length of one bit of the modulated bit string), the length of the additional write pattern is 6 ⁇ , 7 ⁇ , or 8 ⁇ .
- modulated bit sequence before and after the additional write pattern is 1-7 parity protected even when the additional write pattern is replaced with a pattern composed entirely of pits. Protection modulation and NRZ—Generated according to the rules after NRZI conversion.
- T is the bit length of one modulated bit string.
- 2T is the minimum code length of the 17-parity preservation modulation, and the energy for melting is the least and it is efficient.
- the 3T-2T-3T pattern has the minimum code length in the 17-parity preservation modulation because the lands in the middle of the pit land pit additional write pattern are 2T, and requires the least energy for melting.
- the position magazine for the front and rear of the postscript position is the widest!
- the 4T-2T-2T pattern has the minimum code length in the 17-parity preservation modulation because the pit land is 2T in the middle land of the additional recording pattern of the pits. Highly efficient use of residual heat at the time.
- the write-once pattern is not provided in all the DC control blocks of the optical disc 1, but is provided only in some specific DC control blocks.
- the middle land of the pit-land-pit additional recording pattern is melted to record a unique ID, and the pit-land-pit pattern is used, this part will have an error when normal data reproduction is performed.
- An additional write pattern is provided for all DC control blocks in the ECC cluster, and if all the additional write patterns are determined to be incorrect, an error of up to 3 X 28 X 31 X 16 bytes will occur in the entire ECC cluster. .
- error density since there are errors of 3 bytes ⁇ 28 blocks out of 152 bytes per frame, the density is 3 ⁇ 28Z152.
- the correctable error density is 16Z248. Therefore, if additional write patterns are provided for all DC control blocks in the ECC cluster, errors that greatly exceed their error correction capabilities will occur.
- a write-once pattern is provided so as not to exceed the error-correctable range.
- the number of additional recording patterns needs to be three or less on average in a data frame.
- two UID generation bit strings are provided in one data frame, or as shown in FIG. 11, one UID generation bit string is provided in one data frame. It may be.
- the number of errors in the code generated by the two bits alone is about 7 on average, and the number of errors that can be corrected is 16 bytes. Not exceeded.
- it can be confirmed from a preliminary simulation that the number of errors that can be corrected does not exceed the number of errors that can be corrected, even if variations due to interleaving are included.
- the write pattern is provided in a range not exceeding the error-correctable range. For this reason, the unique I The information power of D When normal reproduction is performed, it disappears due to error correction. Therefore, the confidentiality of the unique ID recorded on the optical disc 1 can be enhanced.
- information such as FAT and table-of-contents, which, if excluded, may not be able to reproduce the application or the content, may be recorded in the ECC block. Then, even if there is a fraud that attempts to remove the illegal copy protection block, if the medium-specific information in this part is excluded, the original information will be important when reproducing other parts. Since it is information, other information cannot be reproduced. Therefore, it can also be used as a countermeasure against fraud such as removing the block for preventing illegal copying.
- FIG. 10 shows a modulation table of 1-7 parity preserving modulation.
- XX in FIG. 10 means that X takes any value of 0 or 1. It is also assumed that (-fs) in FIG. 10 represents a bit string of a frame sync.
- FIG. 11 shows a frame synchronization signal. # In FIG. 11 becomes 1 only when the bit string before modulation before this frame sync is “00” or “0000”, and becomes 0 otherwise.
- Fig. 12 shows 3T-2T-3T (pit pit) for recording a unique ID on optical disc 1. It shows a 12-bit UID generation bit string for forming a land-to-pit) write-once pattern.
- the 12-bit UID generation bit string consists of the first 2 bits of the modulation termination bit string (Termination), the next 2 bits of the polarity control bit string (polarity control), and the last 8 bits.
- UID bit string UID Bit
- the 2-bit bit string (parity) after the UID bit string in FIG. 12 is a bit string for generating DC control bits.
- the modulation unit is not constant in 1 7 parity preserving modulation, a 3T-2T-3T pit land is provided at the end of the data modulation unit immediately before this additional recording pattern so as not to impair the occurrence of the additional recording pattern.
- the first and second two bits of the 12-bit UID generation bit string, the modulation termination bit string (Termination) correspond to the part that determines the last part of the modulation unit of the data immediately before the UID bit string.
- a bit sequence for properly terminating the 1-7 parity-preserving modulation of the immediately preceding bit sequence so that the influence of the immediately preceding bit sequence does not affect the modulation of the rear modulation termination bit sequence and the UID bit sequence.
- the modulation termination bit sequence (Termination) is, specifically, one of 01, 10, and 11, as shown with reference to the last two bits of the pre-modulation bit sequence.
- the fifth to twelfth eight bits of the 12-bit UID generation bit string are UID bits for generating a 3T-2T-3T pattern.
- the UID bit becomes “01000001” when the bit string power after modulation in FIG. 10 is also found.
- the fifth and twelfth 8-bit UID bits perform 1-7 parity preserving modulation on the assumption that the modulation is terminated by the fourth bit. For this reason, the bit string generated by performing 1-7 parity storage modulation on the UID bit is "010-010-100-100".
- the bit string generated by performing 1-7 parity storage modulation on the UID bit is "010-010-100-100".
- NRZ-NRZI conversion it becomes "001-110-0111-100".
- the NRZ-NRZI converted bit string values 0 and 1 correspond to lands and pits, respectively.
- the bit system IJ after NRZ NRZI conversion is 2T-3T-2T-3T-2T.
- the pattern power from the 3rd bit to the 10th bit has a pattern of 3T-2T-3T.
- this 3T-2T-3T pattern is the additional recording pattern.
- the pit portion of the pit-land-pit additional recording pattern is the 57th and 58th bits after 1-7 parity storage modulation and NRI-NRZI conversion.
- the third and fourth bits of the 12-bit UID generation bit string, the polarity control bit string (polarity control), are the 1st and 2nd bits after 1-7 parity-preserving modulation and NRZ-NR ZI conversion.
- a polarity control bit whose bit value is controlled so that the 3T-2T-3T additional recording pattern generated in the subsequent stage is a pit-land-pit-pit, depending on whether the last bit is a power land that is a pit. It becomes.
- the run length is determined only by the 3T—2T—3T pattern generated by the UID bit, but the NRZ—NRZI conversion effect causes the pit land to become a pit or land-pit-land. Is not sure,.
- the bit value power up to the first two bits corresponds to a land or a pit.
- the polarity control bit string determines whether the pattern power of the above 3T-2T-3T is a pit-land-pit or a land-pit-land pattern.
- the polarity control bit string (polarity control) force is "01” or “11”
- the polarity is inverted twice.
- the polarity is inverted once. Therefore, if the bit at the end of the modulation of the modulation end bit string is a land, the polarity control bit string (polarity control) is “10”, and the bit at the end of the modulation of the modulation end bit string is a pit.
- the polarity control bit string (polarity control) is “01” or “11”.
- the 2-bit bit strings 01, 10, and 11 must always be the last of the modulation units. It is not necessarily a bit. For example, if 01, the last bit is 11, then the end of the modulation will not be reached; if 10, the last bit will be 11, the end of the modulation will not be reached; If, then the subsequent bit is 0111, it will not be the end of the modulation.
- the bit immediately before the polarity control bit is the end of the modulation for the data up to that point, and is always 3T-2
- the polarity control bit itself be modulated at the end of the modulation data before the pattern is modulated.
- the following eight bit strings are listed as 12-bit UID generation bit strings that satisfy the above conditions for generating 3 ⁇ —2 ⁇ —3 ⁇ (pit land pit).
- Ox ⁇ indicates that the " ⁇ " part is in hexadecimal notation.
- (Group A) is a type that inverts the polarity of the modulated bits after modulating the first two bits of the 12 bits
- (Group B) is a type that reverses the first two bits of the 12 bits. This type retains the polarity of the modulated bit string after modulation.
- one bit string of (Group A) is selected and inserted into the pre-modulation bit string.
- one bit string of (Group B) may be inserted into the pre-modulation bit string.
- a 3T—2T—3T (pit-to-land-to-pit) additional write pattern can be placed at a predetermined position in the DC block. Can be formed.
- Each pair is different only in the third bit.
- bit strings for example, it is assumed that one shift force is arranged at a predetermined position with respect to an information bit string immediately before performing 17 parity preservation modulation.
- the first two bits determine the polarity up to this portion, and the next two bits control the polarity of this partial force, and the 3T— Complete the three steps that the 2T in the middle of the 2T 3T pattern becomes the land, and the 3T-2T-3T pit-land-pit pattern at a given position (for example, the last part of the DC block) Can occur.
- FIG. 13 shows the four types of pairs described above !! It is a table showing the recorded result and the information after demodulation.
- the first column at the left end is the six types of UID generation bit strings that appear as the four types of pairs described above. These are selected so as to be 2T partial force lands in the combination of 3T-2T-3T according to the information of the polarity of the lands and pits when modulating up to the second bit.
- the second column is the result of modulating the UID generation bit string in the first column using the modulation table of FIG.
- the third column shows that an 8T pit was generated as a result of additional writing on the land portion of the pit-land-pit combination of the 3T-2T-3T that occurred.
- the NRZI conversion for associating the modulation result with the pits and lands and the inverse conversion are omitted here.
- the fourth column is the result of 1-7 parity storage demodulation of the third column.
- FIG. 14 shows a 12-bit UID generation bit string for forming a 4T—2T—2T (pit-land-pit) additional recording pattern for recording a unique ID on the optical disc 1.
- the 12-bit UID generation bit string consists of the first two bits of the modulation termination bit string (Termination), the next two bits of the polarity control bit string (polarity control), and the last eight bits.
- UID bit string UID Bit
- the 2-bit bit sequence (parity) after the UID bit sequence in FIG. 14 is a bit sequence for generating DC control bits.
- the fifth to twelfth eight bits of the 12-bit UID generation bit string are UID bits for generating a 4T-2T-2T pattern.
- the UID bit is specifically "01100011" when the bit string power after modulation in FIG. 10 is also searched for.
- the fifth and twelfth 8-bit UID bits perform 1-7 parity preserving modulation on the assumption that the modulation is terminated by the fourth bit. For this reason, the bit string generated by performing 1-7 parity storage modulation on the UID bit is "010-001-010-100".
- this is further converted to NRZ-NRZI, it becomes "001-111-001-100".
- the NRZ-NRZI converted bit string values 0 and 1 correspond to lands and pits, respectively.
- the bit sequence after NRZ-NRZI conversion is 2T-4T-2T-2T-2T. Looking at this pattern, it can be seen that the pattern power from the third bit to the tenth bit is 4T-2T-2T. That is, the 4T-2T-2T pattern is a write-once pattern. Therefore, the pit portion of the additional pattern of the pit land pit is the 58th and 59th bits after 1-7 parity storage modulation and NRI-NRZI conversion.
- (Group A) is a type that inverts the polarity of the modulated bits after modulating up to the first two bits of the 12 bits
- (Group B) is the first of the 12 bits. This type maintains the polarity of the modulated bit string after modulating up to 2 bits.
- one bit string of (Group A) is selected and inserted into the pre-modulation bit string.
- one bit string of (Group B) may be inserted into the pre-modulation bit string.
- Each pair is different only in the third bit.
- bit strings for example, it is assumed that one shift force is arranged at a predetermined position with respect to an information bit string immediately before performing 17 parity preservation modulation.
- the modulation up to the second bit of the above information is performed as a lump by 1-7 parity preservation modulation, it is checked whether the additional recording pattern of 4T-2T-2T is a pit land pit, In case of one land and one pit, keep the third bit as it is. If there is no pit-land-pit, the third bit is inverted. That is, the bit string is replaced with the other bit string.
- the first two bits determine the polarity up to this portion, and the next two bits control the polarity of this partial force, 4T—2T
- 4T—2T Complete the three steps that the 2T in the middle of the 2T pattern becomes a land, and place the 4T—2T—2T pit land at a given location (for example, at the end of the DC block). Patterns can be generated.
- FIG. 15 shows that the above four types of pairs appear !! It is a table showing the recorded result and the information after demodulation.
- the first column at the left end is the six types of UID generation bit strings that appear as the four types of pairs described above. These are selected so that the 2T portion of the combination of 4T-2T-2T becomes a land according to information on the polarity of the land and pit when modulating up to the second bit.
- the second column is the result of modulating the UID generation bit string in the first column using the modulation table of FIG.
- the third column shows that an 8T pit was generated as a result of additional writing on the land portion of the generated 4T-2T-2T pit / land / pit combination.
- the NRZI conversion for mapping the modulation result to the pits and lands and the inverse conversion are omitted here.
- the fourth column is the result of 1-7 parity storage demodulation of the third column.
- the manufacturing method of the optical disc 1 includes a resist coating process Sl A metal master is created through a process S12, a developing and fixing process S13, and a metal master making process S14.
- the resist application step S11 is a step of applying a photoresist to the glass master
- the cutting step S12 is a step of irradiating the photoresist with a laser that is switched in accordance with a bit string to record an uneven pattern. It is.
- the developing and fixing step S13 is a step of developing the resist on which the pattern of the irregularities is recorded on the master and fixing the resist on the master
- the metal master forming step S14 is to subject the surface of the master to electrolytic plating by electroplating. This is the process of creating a metal master.
- a disk substrate is formed through a stamper forming step S15 and a substrate forming step S16 based on the prepared metal master.
- the stamper making step S15 is a step of manufacturing a stamper based on a metal master
- the substrate forming step S16 is to arrange the stamper in a molding die and use an injection molding machine. This is a step of forming a disk substrate using a transparent resin such as polycarbonate or acrylic.
- the land and pit pattern formed on the master in the cutting step S12 is transferred to the disk substrate thus manufactured.
- the read-only optical disk 1 is manufactured through a reflective film forming step S17 and a protective film coating 18.
- a reflection film is formed by sputtering or the like on the surface of the disk substrate on which the pit pattern has been formed.
- the optical disc 1 records the medium-specific identification information on the reflective film.
- this reflective film In order to manufacture the optical disc 1, this reflective film must be a reflective film capable of recording medium-specific identification information by thermal recording in addition to normal bit information. Therefore, as this reflective film, in addition to aluminum, which is a general reflective film composition, a reflective film made of an alloy by mixing another element such as titanium is used.
- Protective film application step S18 forms a protective film. This step is performed by applying an ultraviolet-curable resin onto the reflective film by spin coating and irradiating ultraviolet rays. The optical disc 1 formed in this way can reproduce information by irradiating a laser beam for reading from the protective film side.
- a UID cutting step 19 is performed.
- the additional pattern of pit-land-pit A high-power laser beam is applied to the land in the middle of the optical disk, and an individual unique ID is written for each optical disk 1 created.
- the optical disc 1 in which the unique ID is written for each optical disc 1 is manufactured.
- the UID cutting device 20 used in the UID cutting step 19 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the UID cutting device 20 is a device for additionally recording each unique ID on the same optical disc 1 mass-produced.
- the UID cutting device 20 irradiates the optical disc 1 with a laser beam having an energy sufficiently higher than that during normal reproduction to write a pit-land-bit additional pattern in which a UID can be additionally recorded.
- a UID writer 21 that melts the land of the UID
- a UID detector 22 that reads the signal recorded on the optical disc 1 to detect the position of the pit-land-bit additional recording pattern
- a UID generator 23 that generates the unique ID
- a drive unit 24 for driving the optical disc 1 to rotate.
- a laser beam for irradiating the additional recording pattern is switched according to the bit string of the unique ID generated from the UID generating unit 23.
- the UID generating section 23 is a modulated bit string output from an external storage device arranged in, for example, a computer.
- the drive unit 24 rotates the optical disc 1 slowly. At this time, the laser light is slowly traced along the recording track of the optical disc 1. As a result, the UID detector 22 can detect a pit-land-bit additional write pattern at a predetermined position on the recording track.
- the UID writer 21 When the UID detector 22 detects the additional recording pattern, the UID writer 21 irradiates a high-power laser beam at the center land position. However, at this time, the UID writer 21 switches whether or not to generate a laser beam according to the bit value generated from the UID generation unit 23. In other words, if the bit value "1" is recorded in the detected additional write pattern, the laser beam is irradiated, and if the bit value "0" is recorded, the laser beam is not emitted. I do.
- the UID writer 21 records bit values for a plurality of additional write patterns provided on the optical disc 1 as described above. This makes it possible to additionally record the unique ID on the optical disc 1.
- the amount of unique ID information recorded on the optical disc 1 will be considered. Assume that the original information amount of the unique ID is 2000 bits. This information is first added with an error correction bit by an error correction coding circuit. As an example of such an error correction coding circuit, a circuit using the BCH coding algorithm can be considered. In this way, a 3000-bit unique ID having bits for error correction is generated, for example. Next, consider 3000-bit modulation. Here, for example, consider modulation in which "0" is converted to "01" and "1" is converted to "10". By doing so, the unique ID becomes 6000 bits.
- the UID cutting device 20 includes a signal reproduction system 31, a write-once pattern detection unit 32, and a writing unit 33.
- the signal reproduction system 31 equalizes a reproduction signal from the optical disc 1 to a target PRML and detects PRML data, and a PRML equalization circuit 41 performs 17-parity preserving modulation on a reproduction data sequence detected by the PRML.
- 17PP demodulation circuit 42 that performs demodulation
- ECC decoder 43 that performs error correction processing on the reproduced data sequence that has undergone 17 parity preservation modulation
- reproduction data that has undergone 17 parity preservation modulation
- a bino switch 44 for outputting a column without performing an error correction process is provided.
- the reproduced data output from the signal reproducing system 31 without performing the error correction processing and the reproduced data subjected to the error correction are output to, for example, an external computer.
- the external computer detects the position of the UID generation bit string including the pit land pit additional recording pattern based on the reproduced data, and feeds back the detected position to the additional recording pattern detection unit 32.
- the write-once pattern detection unit 32 receives the data string subjected to PRML equalization and the position of the UID generation bit string output from the external computer.
- the additional writing pattern detection unit 32 specifies the position of the center land in the pit-land-pit additional writing pattern from these pieces of information. Generates a pulse.
- the writing unit 33 includes a multiplier 45 and a laser driving unit 46.
- the multiplier 45 receives the pulse for specifying the land position generated from the additional write pattern detection unit 32 and the bit value of the unique ID in which the UID generation unit power is also generated, and multiplies these by the laser drive unit 46.
- the signal “1” is input from the optical disc 45, that is, the timing of the land of the additional recording pattern and the bit value “1” is written in the additional recording pattern, Irradiate light. At other times, laser light of normal reproduction power is applied.
- a special bit string is recorded at the head in the physical cluster portion. If this special bit string is stored in the device that records the unique ID, the UID cutting device 20 can easily detect this position by searching for a bit string that matches the pattern of the reproduced bit string.
- a pulse signal for switching laser irradiation at a predetermined timing may be output.
- the pulse signal is a signal for switching the laser irradiation according to the bit value of the identification information corresponding to a predetermined irradiation area.
- the first of these pulse signals occurs in the first frame that does not contain address information. Create a signal that switches according to the bit value of the identification information so that the 61st and 62nd bits of the blocks that make up each frame can be irradiated with the laser.
- the optical disc reproducing apparatus 50 includes a driving section 51 for driving the optical disc 1, a reproducing section 52 for performing a reproducing process on a signal reproduced from the optical disc 1, an information processing section 53, and a UID detecting section.
- a UID detection unit 54 for processing is provided.
- the reproduction unit 52 includes a PRML equalization circuit 61 for performing PRML equalization and binarization on the reproduction signal from the optical disc 1, and a 17-parity preserving modulation for the PRML equalized reproduction data sequence.
- An ECC decoder 63 for performing an error correction process on the reproduction data string is provided.
- the playback unit 52 has the same configuration as a normal playback device.
- the reproducing unit 52 reproduces a clock from a reproduction signal obtained based on pits and land information obtained from a rotationally driven optical disc 1 by a reading laser (not shown), and performs PRML equalization, 17 It performs demodulation and error correction of the preservation modulation, and reproduces the information recorded on the optical disk 1.
- the information reproduced by the reproducing unit 52 is stored in a memory 65 in the information processing unit 53 and output to the outside.
- the UID detector 54 includes a UID decoder 86 that detects only a unique ID data string from the PRML-processed reproduced data, and a UID-ECC decoder 87 that performs error correction processing on the unique ID data string.
- the UID detecting section 54 is a circuit additionally provided in a normal reproducing apparatus for detecting a unique ID.
- the UID detection unit 54 detects a special physical cluster unit in which a unique ID is recorded and a DC control block based on the PRML equalized and binarized bit string, and detects the DC control block. Detect the state of the additional writing pattern arranged at a predetermined position.
- the UID detecting unit 54 detects whether the state of the additional recording pattern is a pit-land-pit force or whether all of the patterns are pits. If it is a pit-land-pit, it is determined as "0", for example, if it is all pits, it is determined as "1".
- the UID detection unit 54 makes the above determination for all areas where the unique ID is recorded, and outputs a bit string of the unique ID.
- the UID detecting section 54 can detect the unique ID recorded on the optical disc 1.
- a special bit string is recorded at the head of the physical cluster portion.
- the head bit string of this cluster can be searched by the reproduced bit string power pattern match, and this position can be easily detected.
- the reproducing device 70 includes a driving unit 71 for driving the optical disk 1, a reproducing unit 72 for performing a reproducing process on a signal reproduced from the optical disk 1, an information processing unit 73, a UID detection A UID detection unit 74 for processing.
- the reproduction unit 72 includes a PRML equalization circuit 81 for performing PRML equalization and binarization on the reproduction signal from the optical disc 1, and a 17-parity preserving modulation for the PRML equalized reproduction data sequence.
- a 17PP demodulation circuit 82 that performs demodulation, an ECC decoder 83 that performs error correction processing on the reproduced data sequence demodulated with the 17 parity storage modulation, and a reproduced data sequence demodulated with the 17 parity storage modulation
- a bypass switch 84 for outputting without performing error correction processing.
- the reproducing section 72 is different from the ordinary reproducing apparatus in that a bypass switch 84 is provided.
- the bypass switch 84 outputs the data string output from the ECC decoder 83 to the information processing unit 73 at the subsequent stage during normal reproduction, and outputs data that has not been corrected by the ECC decoder 83 when a unique ID is detected.
- the column is output to the information processing section 73 at the subsequent stage.
- the information reproduced by the reproducing unit 72 is stored in a memory 85 in the information processing unit 73 and, if it is ordinary information, stored and then output to the outside.
- the UID detection unit 74 detects the unique ID data sequence from the reproduction data stored in the memory 85 in the information processing unit 73, and performs an error correction process on the unique ID data sequence. And a UID-ECC decoder 67.
- the UID detecting section 74 is additionally provided in a normal reproducing apparatus for detecting a unique ID.
- the UID detection unit 74 can be configured by hardware, or can be configured by software executed by a CPU or the like.
- the UID detecting unit 74 generates a bit string (12) for generating a write-once pattern for recording a unique ID from the bit string obtained by equalizing and binarizing the PRML and demodulating 1-7 parity preserving modulation. UID generation bit string) is detected.
- the UID detection unit 74 determines whether the data value of the 12-bit UID generation bit string before writing is added, for example, the force that is the value of the first column in FIGS. 13 and 15, or the data value after writing. For example, FIG. 13 and It is detected whether the value is in the fourth column in FIG.
- the UID detecting unit 74 makes the above determination for all the areas where the unique ID is recorded, , And outputs the bit string of the unique ID.
- the UID detecting section 74 can detect the unique ID recorded on the optical disc 1.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Optical Recording Or Reproduction (AREA)
- Optical Record Carriers And Manufacture Thereof (AREA)
- Signal Processing For Digital Recording And Reproducing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
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US11/578,554 US7684303B2 (en) | 2004-04-21 | 2005-04-08 | Read-only optical recording medium on which unique identification information is written |
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JP2004125893A JP2005310270A (ja) | 2004-04-21 | 2004-04-21 | 固有の識別情報が書き込まれた再生専用の光記録媒体 |
JP2004-125893 | 2004-04-21 |
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US (1) | US7684303B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2005310270A (ja) |
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WO (1) | WO2005104105A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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WO2008062675A1 (fr) | 2006-11-22 | 2008-05-29 | Sony Corporation | Support de disque optique dédié à la reproduction uniquement et son procédé de fabrication |
Families Citing this family (6)
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JP2006004541A (ja) | 2004-06-18 | 2006-01-05 | Sony Corp | 情報記録媒体、マスタリング装置、識別情報記録装置、識別情報再生装置、マスタリング方法、識別情報記録方法、及び識別情報再生方法 |
JP2006134385A (ja) | 2004-11-02 | 2006-05-25 | Sony Corp | 光ディスク製造方法及び装置、光ディスク、並びに、光ディスク再生方法及び装置 |
JP2006134386A (ja) * | 2004-11-02 | 2006-05-25 | Sony Corp | 光ディスク再生方法及び装置、並びに、光ディスク製造方法 |
JP2008159212A (ja) * | 2006-12-26 | 2008-07-10 | Sony Disc & Digital Solutions Inc | 光ディスク記録媒体、ディスク製造方法、追記装置、防犯方法 |
TW201521405A (zh) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-06-01 | 萬國商業機器公司 | 查找網路纜線連接器之方法、資訊設備及程式產品 |
US10453800B1 (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-22 | International Business Machines Corporation | Optical chip ID definition using nanoimprint lithography |
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JP2004005919A (ja) * | 2002-03-25 | 2004-01-08 | Sony Corp | 記録媒体の管理方法および記録媒体の管理システム |
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SE514352C2 (sv) * | 1996-07-05 | 2001-02-12 | Ifunga Test Equipment Bv | Sätt att förse en optisk databärare med identitetsinformation |
JP2001094543A (ja) * | 1999-09-20 | 2001-04-06 | Yamaha Corp | キー情報伝送・記録方式 |
JP2002260286A (ja) * | 2000-12-28 | 2002-09-13 | Victor Co Of Japan Ltd | 情報記録担体、その再生装置及びその記録装置 |
US7012865B2 (en) * | 2001-05-08 | 2006-03-14 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Recording apparatus and recording method |
CN1264145C (zh) * | 2001-06-08 | 2006-07-12 | 新力光碟科技股份有限公司 | 数据记录方法及数据记录装置 |
JP4652641B2 (ja) * | 2001-10-11 | 2011-03-16 | ソニー株式会社 | ディスク記録媒体、ディスクドライブ装置、再生方法 |
JP3979088B2 (ja) * | 2001-12-27 | 2007-09-19 | ソニー株式会社 | データ記録媒体、データ記録方法および装置 |
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2004
- 2004-04-21 JP JP2004125893A patent/JP2005310270A/ja active Pending
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2005
- 2005-04-08 US US11/578,554 patent/US7684303B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-04-08 WO PCT/JP2005/006954 patent/WO2005104105A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-04-14 TW TW094111845A patent/TW200606870A/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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JP2004005919A (ja) * | 2002-03-25 | 2004-01-08 | Sony Corp | 記録媒体の管理方法および記録媒体の管理システム |
JP2004087082A (ja) * | 2002-04-01 | 2004-03-18 | Sony Corp | 記録方法 |
JP2005078212A (ja) * | 2003-08-28 | 2005-03-24 | Sony Corp | 情報処理装置及び情報処理方法、コンテンツ識別装置及びコンテンツ識別方法、並びにコンテンツ識別システム |
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WO2008062675A1 (fr) | 2006-11-22 | 2008-05-29 | Sony Corporation | Support de disque optique dédié à la reproduction uniquement et son procédé de fabrication |
EP2053602A1 (en) * | 2006-11-22 | 2009-04-29 | Sony Corporation | Reproduction-only optical disc medium and method for manufacturing the same |
EP2053602A4 (en) * | 2006-11-22 | 2010-07-28 | Sony Corp | OPTICAL DISC DISK MEDIUM FOR REPRODUCTION ONLY AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME |
Also Published As
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US20070274177A1 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
US7684303B2 (en) | 2010-03-23 |
JP2005310270A (ja) | 2005-11-04 |
TWI316237B (ja) | 2009-10-21 |
TW200606870A (en) | 2006-02-16 |
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