WO2005093340A1 - Dispositif thermoacoustique et systeme thermoacoustique - Google Patents

Dispositif thermoacoustique et systeme thermoacoustique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005093340A1
WO2005093340A1 PCT/JP2005/005220 JP2005005220W WO2005093340A1 WO 2005093340 A1 WO2005093340 A1 WO 2005093340A1 JP 2005005220 W JP2005005220 W JP 2005005220W WO 2005093340 A1 WO2005093340 A1 WO 2005093340A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stack
thermoacoustic
heat exchanger
temperature side
side heat
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2005/005220
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoshiaki Watanabe
Shinichi Sakamoto
Original Assignee
The Doshisha
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by The Doshisha filed Critical The Doshisha
Priority to US10/594,278 priority Critical patent/US20070193281A1/en
Publication of WO2005093340A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005093340A1/fr
Priority to US13/441,264 priority patent/US20120247569A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/003—Gas cycle refrigeration machines characterised by construction or composition of the regenerator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used 
    • F25B2309/1403—Pulse-tube cycles with heat input into acoustic driver
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used 
    • F25B2309/1404—Pulse-tube cycles with loudspeaker driven acoustic driver
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used 
    • F25B2309/1405—Pulse-tube cycles with travelling waves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used 
    • F25B2309/1415—Pulse-tube cycles characterised by regenerator details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used 
    • F25B2309/1416—Pulse-tube cycles characterised by regenerator stack details
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/0318—Processes
    • Y10T137/0391—Affecting flow by the addition of material or energy

Definitions

  • thermoacoustic apparatus and thermoacoustic system
  • the present invention relates to a thermoacoustic device capable of cooling or heating an object using a thermoacoustic effect, and a system using the thermoacoustic device.
  • Patent Document 1 With regard to a conventional technology of a heat exchange device using an acoustic effect, there are those described in Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1 below.
  • the device described in Patent Document 1 relates to a cooling device utilizing a thermoacoustic effect, and a high-temperature side heat exchanger and a low-temperature side heat exchanger are provided inside a loop pipe filled with a working fluid. And a regenerator sandwiched between a high-temperature side heat exchanger and a low-temperature side heat exchanger, and heats the high-temperature side heat exchange on the first stack side. A self-excited sound wave is generated, and the low-temperature heat exchange on the regenerator side is cooled by a standing wave and a traveling wave based on the sound wave.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 similarly discloses an experimental study of a cooling device using the thermoacoustic effect.
  • the cooling device used in this experiment also has a first stack sandwiched between a loop tube made of metal and having a substantially rectangular cross section, a heater (heat exchanger on the high temperature side) and a heat exchanger on the low temperature side. And a second stack provided at a position facing the one stack.
  • thermometer is provided under predetermined conditions by transferring heat energy in a direction to cool the vicinity of the thermometer at the other end of the second stack. A temperature drop of about 16 ° C was confirmed in the part.
  • Patent Document 1 JP-A-2000-88378
  • Non-Patent Document 1 Shinichi Sakamoto, Kazuhiro Murakami, Yoshiaki Watanabe, ⁇ Experimental Study on Acoustic Cooling Phenomena Using Thermoacoustic Effect, '' IEICE Technical Report Technical Report, US2002-118 (2003 -02)
  • thermoacoustic effect it is necessary to shorten the time from heating to generation of a standing wave and a traveling wave. In this case, it is necessary to improve the efficiency of heat exchange. In such a case where a standing wave and a traveling wave are generated quickly, it is necessary to form a temperature gradient in the stack as quickly as possible and to stabilize the wavefront of the generated sound wave as quickly as possible. Required.
  • the first stack which is a source of sound waves
  • the first stack is provided in a straight tube portion horizontal to the ground, so that the high-temperature heat exchange of the first stack is ⁇ .
  • the heat input into the straight tube portion spreads in the left-right direction in the straight tube portion, and this heat enters the first stack and cannot form a large temperature gradient in the stack. Therefore, it takes a long time to generate self-excited sound waves, and there is a problem that cooling efficiency cannot be improved.
  • the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by providing a thermoacoustic apparatus using a loop tube, which generates a standing wave and a traveling wave quickly to perform heat exchange quickly and efficiently. It is an object to provide an acoustic device.
  • the present invention provides, inside a loop tube, a first stack sandwiched between a first high-temperature side heat exchanger and a first low-temperature side heat exchange ⁇ Heat exchange ⁇ and a second stack sandwiched between the second low temperature side heat exchange ⁇ , wherein the first high temperature side heat exchange To generate a self-excited standing wave and a traveling wave, and to cool the second low-temperature side heat exchanger by the standing wave and the traveling wave, or to generate Z and the first low-temperature side heat exchange.
  • thermoacoustic apparatus that generates a self-excited standing wave and a traveling wave by cooling, and heats the second high-temperature side heat exchanger with the standing wave and the traveling wave.
  • a plurality of straight pipe sections that stand up to the pipe, and a connecting pipe section that is shorter than the straight pipe sections.
  • the first stack is the longest of the plurality of straight pipe sections. It is provided in the straight tube section.
  • the wavefront of the sound wave generated in the first stack can be stabilized in the longest set straight tube portion, and the standing wave and the traveling wave can be generated quickly.
  • the first stack is provided in the straight pipe section that rises with respect to the ground, the time until the generation of sound waves can be reduced by using the ascending or descending airflow generated on the first stack side. You will be able to dagger.
  • the efficiency of heat exchange can be improved.
  • the straight tube portion becomes relatively long as described above, so that the wavefront of the sound wave can be stabilized. It is preferable to make the length of the straight tube as long as possible.
  • La: Lb ⁇ l: 0.5 is set so that the wavefront of the generated sound wave can be more stabilized. Become.
  • the first stack is provided below the center of the straight tube portion.
  • the first stack is provided above the center of the straight tube portion. I do.
  • the cold heat applied to the first low-temperature side heat exchanger (hereinafter referred to as "cold heat") )
  • a large space for generating a downdraft can be secured below, and by using this downdraft, standing waves and traveling waves can be generated quickly.
  • the pressure fluctuation of the working fluid along the circuit has a first peak near the first stack, and further at a position advanced by about 1Z2 of the total circuit length.
  • the second stack is provided such that the center of the second stack is located at a position past the second peak.
  • a sound wave generator for generating a standing wave and a traveling wave is provided on an outer peripheral portion or inside the loop tube.
  • a stack having a conduction path whose inner diameter is gradually increased outward is used as the first stack and / or the second stack.
  • the inner diameter of the conduction path near the boundary layer inside the loop tube can be increased, so that energy can be efficiently exchanged in this portion.
  • first stack and / or the second stack a stack having a conduction path whose inner diameter is gradually reduced outwardly is used.
  • the inner diameter of the conduction path at the center portion inside the loop tube can be increased, so that energy can be efficiently exchanged at this center portion. I'm sorry to come out.
  • a stack having a conduction path in which a flow path length is sequentially reduced outward is used as the first stack or Z and the second stack.
  • the flow path length of the conduction path near the boundary layer of the loop pipe is shortened, so that the velocity gradient can be made uniform. It can be heated or cooled uniformly.
  • thermoacoustic device ( ⁇ : angular frequency of the working fluid, ⁇ : temperature relaxation time) is in the range of 0.2 to 20.
  • thermoacoustic devices are provided, and the second low-temperature side heat exchange of one thermoacoustic device and the first low-temperature side heat exchange of a thermoacoustic device adjacent thereto are connected.
  • the second high-temperature side heat exchanger of the thermoacoustic device is connected to the first high-temperature side heat exchange of the thermoacoustic device adjacent thereto.
  • thermoacoustic device With this configuration, the temperature gradient in the first stack increases sequentially for each thermoacoustic device adjacent to the thermoacoustic device, so that the thermoacoustic device on the terminal side can output higher heat or colder heat. become.
  • thermoacoustic apparatus includes a first stack sandwiched between a first high-temperature side heat exchanger and a first low-temperature side heat exchange ⁇ , and a second high-temperature side heat exchange ⁇ inside a loop tube. ⁇ And a second stack sandwiched between the second low-temperature side heat exchanges, wherein the first high-temperature side heat exchanges can be heated. Generates a standing wave and a traveling wave by self-excitation, and cools the second low-temperature side heat exchanger with the standing wave and the traveling wave, or Z and the first low-temperature side heat exchanger.
  • a self-excited standing wave and a traveling wave are generated by cooling the heat pipe, and the second high-temperature side heat exchanger is heated by the standing wave and the traveling wave.
  • thermoacoustic device 1 According to the present invention, a first embodiment of the thermoacoustic device 1 according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
  • the thermoacoustic apparatus 1 includes a first high-temperature side heat exchanger 4 and a first low-temperature side inside a loop tube 2 that is formed in a substantially rectangular shape as a whole.
  • a self-excited standing wave and a traveling wave are generated by heating the first high-temperature side heat exchange 4 on the first stack 3a side, and the standing wave and the traveling wave are propagated to the second stack 3b side.
  • the second low-temperature side heat exchange 7 provided on the second stack 3b side is cooled.
  • the heat exchanger in order to shorten the time from the heating of the first high-temperature side heat exchanger 4 to the generation of the standing wave and the traveling wave, the heat exchanger is provided in the vertical direction (the direction of gravity).
  • a pair of straight tube portions 2a and a connecting tube portion 2b shorter than these straight tube portions 2a are provided, and a first high-temperature side heat exchanger 4 and a first low temperature
  • the first stack 3a sandwiched between the side heat exchangers 5 is provided.
  • the sound wave generated from the first stack 3a is generated.
  • the wavefront must be stabilized as quickly as possible.However, if the length of the straight pipe section 2a on which the first stack 3a is provided is short, the sound waves are generated at the corners 20b provided at both ends of the connecting pipe section 2b. Is reflected and the wavefront is disturbed due to phase inversion and the like.
  • the first stack 3a is provided in the longest straight tube portion 2a of the loop tube 2.
  • the length of the straight pipe section 2a is set to be longer than the length of the connecting pipe section 2b, and when the length of the straight pipe section 2a is La and the length of the connecting pipe section 2b is Lb,
  • Is preferably set in the range.
  • the connecting tube portion 2b for connecting the straight tube portion 2a is formed by providing corner portions 20b at both ends thereof, and the sound waves transmitted from the straight tube portion 2a are connected by the corner portions 20b. The light is reflected to the tube 2b.
  • a structure as shown in FIG. 2 is used in order to efficiently reflect a sound wave to the connecting tube portion 2b.
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of a corner portion 20b at the upper end portion of the straight tube portion 2a.
  • the description of the configuration of the corner portion 20b in other portions is omitted.
  • FIG. 1 shows an enlarged view of a corner portion 20b at the upper end portion of the straight tube portion 2a.
  • the corner 20b is configured to have an inner diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the straight pipe portion 2a, and to have a diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the pipe centering on the inner corner portion of the loop pipe 2. Is done. As a result, all the sound energy transferred from the straight tube portion 2a is reflected at the corner portion 20b and transferred to the connecting tube portion 2b side without returning to the straight tube portion 2a. In addition, since the inner diameter of the corner portion 20b is substantially equal to that of the straight tube portion 2a, the inner walls of the straight tube portion 2a and the corner portion 20b can be made smooth, thereby preventing sound energy loss. As a result, sound energy can be efficiently transferred.
  • the shape of the corner portion 20b is not limited to an arc shape, but may be a straight shape as shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view of a corner 200b at the upper end of the straight tube portion 2a.
  • the corner 200b is straight so that its outer corner is at approximately 45 degrees to the straight tube 2a. Is provided. Then, all the sound waves propagating in the straight tube portion 2a are reflected by the straight corner portion toward the connecting tube portion 2b.
  • the straight tube portion 2a and the connecting tube portion 2b are not limited to metal and the like, and may be made of a transparent glass or a resin, for example. When it is made of a material such as transparent glass resin, it is possible to confirm the positions of the first stack 3a and the second stack 3b in experiments and the like and easily observe the state in the tube.
  • the first stack 3a sandwiched between the first high-temperature side heat exchange 4 and the first low-temperature side heat exchange 5 and the second high-temperature side A second stack 3b sandwiched between the heat exchange 6 and the second low-temperature heat exchange 7 is provided.
  • the first stack 3a is formed in a cylindrical shape so as to be in contact with the inner wall of the loop tube 2, and is made of a material having a large heat capacity such as ceramics, a sintered metal, a wire mesh, or a metal nonwoven fabric. It has a porosity penetrating in the axial direction of the tube.
  • the first stack 3a has a stack 3c having a large number of conduction paths 30 whose inner diameters are sequentially increased toward the outside, and the inner diameter is sequentially increased from the center to the outside.
  • a stack 3d having a reduced conducting path 30 can be used. Further, as shown in FIGS.
  • a stack 3e having a conductive path 30 (a conductive path 30 shown by a thick line) meandering by laying a large number of small spherical ceramics or the like, and an inner circumference of the loop pipe 2 are provided.
  • a stack 3f or the like in which the flow path length of the conduction path 30 on the side close to the surface is shortened may be used.
  • the first high-temperature side heat exchanger 4 and the first low-temperature side heat exchanger 5 are both made of thin metal, and provided with through holes for conducting standing waves and traveling waves inside thereof. It is composed of Of these heat exchanges, the first high-temperature heat exchange 4 is configured to be heated by electric power to which an external force is also supplied, or waste heat or unused energy.
  • the first low-temperature side heat exchanger 5 is set so that water is circulated around the first low-temperature side heat exchanger 5 to have a temperature relatively lower than that of the first high-temperature side heat exchange 4.
  • the first stack 3a sandwiched between the first high-temperature side heat exchanger 4 and the first low-temperature side heat exchanger 5 is in a state where the first high-temperature side heat exchanger 4 is provided on the upper side. Is provided below the center of the straight tube portion 2a. Thus, the first stack 3a is positioned at the center of the straight tube portion 2a.
  • the reason why the first high-temperature side heat exchanger 4 is provided is that the first high-temperature side heat exchanger 4 can be quickly generated with the use of the upward airflow generated when the first high-temperature side heat exchanger 4 is heated.
  • the heat exchanger 4 is provided on the upper side because the warming fluid and the working fluid generated when the first high-temperature side heat exchanger 4 is heated are prevented from entering the first stack 3a. This is to allow a large temperature gradient to be formed between the heat exchange 5 and the heat exchange.
  • the second stack 3b is formed in a columnar shape so as to be in contact with the inner wall of the loop tube 2, and is made of a ceramic material such as a ceramitas, a sintered metal, a wire mesh, a metal nonwoven fabric, or the like.
  • the heat pipe is made of a material having a large heat capacity and has a porosity penetrating in the axial direction of the loop tube.
  • This second stack 3b has a pressure fluctuation force of the working fluid along the loop pipe 2, a first peak near the first stack 3a, and a first peak at a position further advanced by about 1Z2 of the entire circuit length.
  • the center of the stack 3b is provided so as to be located at a position past the second peak.
  • the second stack 3b like the first stack 3a, has a stack 3c having a large number of conductive paths 30 whose inner diameters gradually increase toward the outside as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • a stack 3e having a conductive path 30 (a conductive path 30 indicated by a thick line) meandering by laying a large number of minute spherical ceramics or the like, or an inner peripheral surface of the loop tube 2 It is also possible to use a stack 3f or the like in which the flow path length of the conduction path 30 on the side closer to the side is shortened.
  • the second high-temperature side heat exchange 6 and the second low temperature the side heat exchanger 7 is also made of a thin metal, and is provided with a through hole for conducting a standing wave and a traveling wave inside. Then, water is circulated around the second high-temperature side heat exchange 6 and an object to be cooled is connected to the second low-temperature side heat exchange 7.
  • the object to be cooled may be outside air, home electric appliances that generate heat, the CPU of a personal computer, or the like, but other objects may be cooled.
  • An inert gas such as helium, argon, or the like is sealed inside the loop tube 2 configured as described above.
  • a working fluid such as nitrogen or air is not limited to such an inert gas, and may be filled. These working fluids are set to 0. IMPa-1. OMPa.
  • helium having a small Prandtl number and a small specific gravity is sealed in the loop tube 2 to quickly generate a sound wave. Then, in order to reduce the sound speed of the generated sound waves, a gas having a large Prandtl number and a large specific gravity, such as argon, is injected.
  • a gas injection device 9 is provided at the center of the connecting pipe portion 2 provided on the upper side, and when the gas is injected from there, the argon is uniformly supplied to the left and right straight pipe portions 2a. Injection is performed, whereby argon having a relatively high specific gravity is caused to flow downward to homogenize the gas inside.
  • the method is not limited to the case where helium is sealed first and then argon is injected, and conversely, argon may be sealed first and helium may be injected later.
  • a gas injection device 9 is provided in the central part of the lower connecting pipe portion 2b, and helium is injected from the gas injection device 9, so that when the helium having a relatively low specific gravity rises, the gas becomes uniform. .
  • Pressure of these mixed gases Is set to 0. OlMPa-5MPa.
  • a relatively low pressure such as 0. OlMPa.
  • thermoacoustic apparatus 1 configured as described above.
  • the straight tube portion 2a where the first stack 3a is present is set relatively long, so that the wavefront of the sound wave generated in the first stack 3a is stabilized, and the loop tube is quickly shortened.
  • a standing wave and a traveling wave can be generated within 2.
  • the sound energy due to the standing wave and the traveling wave is based on the law of energy conservation, and the heat energy transfer direction within the first stack 3a (first high temperature side heat exchange ⁇ 4 Heat exchange 5 direction), that is, in the direction from the first low-temperature heat exchanger 5 to the first high-temperature heat exchanger 4.
  • This sound energy is efficiently reflected at the corner 20b of the loop tube 2 and the like, and then transferred to the second stack 3b, where the second stack 3b operates based on the standing wave and the traveling wave.
  • the working fluid expands and contracts due to the pressure change and volume change of the fluid. Then, the heat energy generated at that time is transferred from the second low-temperature side heat exchange 7, which is in the opposite direction to the sound energy transfer direction, to the second high-temperature side heat exchanger 6 side. In this way, the second low-temperature side heat exchanger 7 is cooled, and the target object is cooled.
  • thermoacoustic apparatus 1 As described above, a force that generates a self-excited sound wave by a temperature gradient provided in the first stack 3a is actually used. It takes a relatively long time until the generated sound wave is generated. On the other hand, in order to shorten the generation time of the standing wave and the traveling wave, it is possible to reduce the frequency of the standing wave and the traveling wave by changing the diameter of the loop tube 2. Sufficient output cannot be obtained. In such a case, as shown in FIG. I'm sorry.
  • the sound wave generator 8 is constituted by a speaker, a piezoelectric element, and other devices for forcibly vibrating the working fluid from the outside, and is provided along the outer peripheral surface of the loop tube 2, or Provided inside tube 2.
  • the sound wave generator 8 is preferably installed with an interval of 1Z2 wavelength and 1Z4 wavelength of the generated standing wave and traveling wave, and the loop tube 2 is arranged in accordance with the traveling direction of the standing wave and the traveling wave. It is preferable to provide such that the working fluid is forcedly vibrated in the axial direction.
  • thermoacoustic system 100 in which a plurality of thermoacoustic devices 1 are connected is used as shown in FIG. You may make it.
  • la and lb '"In indicate the thermoacoustic devices 1 configured as described above, and the first thermoacoustic device la and the second thermoacoustic device lb...
  • the devices In are installed in series adjacent to each other.
  • the first high-temperature side heat exchange 4 in these thermoacoustic devices la ... is all heated by a heater or the like, while the second low-temperature heat exchange in each thermoacoustic device la ... is performed.
  • the side heat exchange 7 is connected to the first low-temperature side heat exchanger 5 of the thermoacoustic unit lb... Adjacent to the side heat exchanger 7. This makes it possible to reduce the temperature gradient of the first stack 3a in the first thermoacoustic unit la. Also, the temperature gradient of the second thermoacoustic device 1 can be made larger, whereby the temperature gradient of the thermoacoustic device In can be gradually increased toward the downstream side, and the thermoacoustic device In at the end can be increased. Can output lower heat from the thermoacoustic device l.
  • thermoacoustic device la When a... are connected, it takes a very long time before the standing acoustic wave and traveling wave are generated at the thermoacoustic device In at the end of the thermoacoustic device la... Therefore, it is preferable to provide a sound wave generator 8 on the outer peripheral surface or inside of the loop tube 2 so as to shorten the time until the standing wave and the traveling wave are generated in each thermoacoustic device la. Good ⁇ .
  • thermoacoustic apparatus 1 that heats the first stack 3a side and cools the second stack 3b side is described as an example.
  • the first stack 3a may be cooled and the second stack 3b may be heated.
  • Example of this thermoacoustic device 1 See Figure 8.
  • FIG. 10 those having the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 8 indicate those having the same structure as that described above.
  • the first stack 3a is provided above the center of the straight tube portion 2a, and the second stack 3b is provided at an appropriate position of the straight tube portion 2a opposed thereto.
  • the first stack 3a and the second stack 3b are preferably installed at positions where the same conditions as the installation conditions in the above embodiment are satisfied. Then, minus tens of degrees or lower cooling heat is input to the first low-temperature heat exchanger 5, and an antifreeze liquid is circulated to the first high-temperature heat exchanger 4 and the second low-temperature heat exchanger 7. Let it.
  • thermoacoustic effect principle a self-excited sound wave is generated by the temperature gradient formed in the first stack 3a, the wavefront is stabilized by the relatively long straight tube section 2a, and the cooling heat drops.
  • a standing wave and a traveling wave are quickly generated using an air current.
  • the traveling directions of the sound energy of the standing wave and the traveling wave depend on the transfer direction of the heat energy in the first stack 3a (the direction of the first high-temperature heat exchanger 4 to the first low-temperature heat exchanger 5). Occurs in the opposite direction.
  • the sound energy due to the standing wave and the traveling wave is efficiently reflected at the corner 20b of the loop tube 2 and then transmitted to the second stack 3b side, and is transmitted to the second stack 3b side.
  • the working fluid repeatedly expands and contracts due to the pressure change and volume change of the working fluid based on the standing wave and the traveling wave, and the heat energy generated at that time is transferred to the second low-temperature side heat exchange in the direction opposite to the direction of sound energy transfer. Transfer from ⁇ 7 to the second high temperature side heat exchanger 6 side. Thus, the second high-temperature side heat exchanger 6 is heated.
  • thermoacoustic devices 1 may be connected as shown in FIG. 9 to output higher V ⁇ heat from the thermoacoustic device 1 on the terminal side.
  • a pair of straight pipe sections 2a having the same length provided along the vertical direction and a connecting pipe section 2b connecting the straight pipe sections 2a are provided.
  • the straight pipe section 2a set longer than the connecting pipe section 2b the first stack 3a sandwiched between the first high-temperature side heat exchanger 4 and the first low-temperature side heat exchanger 5 is placed in the straight pipe section 2a. Because the wavefront of the self-excited sound wave generated in the first stack 3a is long, it is stabilized by the straight tube section 2a. Can.
  • the first stack 3a is provided in the straight pipe section 2a along the vertical direction, the time until the generation of sound waves is shortened by using the updraft and downdraft generated on the first stack 3a side. This makes it possible to improve the efficiency of heat exchange even after the sound waves are generated.
  • each length is set as ⁇ La: Lb ⁇ l: 0.5 '', so that the wavefront of the generated sound wave can be more quickly You can make it stable.
  • the first stack 3a when heating the first stack 3a side and cooling the second stack 3b side, the first stack 3a is provided below the center of the straight tube portion 2a. As a result, it is possible to secure a space for generating an updraft due to the heat applied to the first high-temperature side heat exchanger 4, and to quickly generate standing waves and traveling waves by using this updraft. I'm sorry to be out.
  • the first stack 3a is provided above the center of the straight tube portion 2a.
  • the end of the circuit is defined as the intersection of the respective central axes when one end of the straight tube portion 2a and one end of the connection tube portion 2b are connected, and the total circuit length is 1.00, Since the center of the stack 3a is set at 0.28 ⁇ 0.05 of the entire circuit length, self-excited sound waves can be generated more quickly.
  • the pressure fluctuation of the working fluid along the circuit has a first peak near the first stack, and further at a position advanced by about 1Z2 of the total circuit length.
  • the second stack 3b is provided so that the center of the second stack 3b is located at a position past the second peak. Cooling efficiency and heating efficiency can be improved.
  • a stack 3c having a conduction path 30 whose inner diameter is sequentially increased toward the outside is used as the first stack 3a and the second stack 3b.
  • the inside diameter of the conduction path 30 in the vicinity of the boundary layer inside the loop pipe 2 can be increased, and energy can be efficiently exchanged in this portion.
  • a stack 3d having a conduction path whose inner diameter is gradually reduced toward the outside is used as the first stack 3a and the second stack 3b.
  • the inner diameter of the conduction path 30 at the central portion inside the pipe 2 can be increased, and the energy exchange at this portion can be efficiently performed.
  • a stack 3e having a meandering conduction path 30 is used as the first stack 3a and the second stack 3b, so that the surface area of the working fluid and the stack 3d is reduced. Since a large amount can be secured, heat exchange with the working fluid can be promoted, and higher heat output can be performed.
  • stacks 3f each having a conduction path shortened by outward force are used.
  • the heat exchangers 4, 5, 6, and 7 can be uniformly heated or It can be cooled.
  • a material of the first stack 3a and the second stack 3b a material having at least one force of ceramitas, sintered metal, wire mesh, and metal nonwoven fabric is used, and its ⁇ ( ⁇ : working fluid Since the angular frequency is set to fall within the range of 0.2 to 20 (temperature relaxation time), self-excited sound waves can be generated more quickly and efficiently.
  • thermoacoustic devices 1 are provided, and the second low-temperature side heat exchanger 7 in one thermoacoustic device 1 and the first Because the low-temperature side heat exchanger 5 or the second high-temperature side heat exchange 6 in one thermoacoustic apparatus 1 is connected to the first high-temperature side heat exchange 4 in the adjacent thermoacoustic apparatus 1, Sequentially adjacent thermoacoustics
  • the temperature gradient in the first stack 3a can be increased for each device 1, and higher heat and cold can be output from the thermoacoustic device 1 on the terminal side.
  • the loop tube 2 having a bilaterally symmetric shape is provided.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and an irregular meandering loop tube may be used. Is also good.
  • the straight tube portion 2a is provided along the vertical direction.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the straight tube portion may be slightly inclined with respect to the ground. A part may be provided.
  • the positions of the first stack 3a and the second stack 3b may be set at appropriate locations in various experiments and the like without being limited to the set conditions. .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermoacoustic apparatus showing one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a corner of a loop tube in the same embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a shape of a corner of a loop tube according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a shape of a stack according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a shape of a stack according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a view showing a shape of a stack according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a shape of a stack according to another embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a thermoacoustic apparatus provided with a sound wave generator.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an acoustic heating system in which acoustic heating devices are connected.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a thermoacoustic apparatus according to another embodiment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

Il est prévu un dispositif thermoacoustique à l’aide d’un tube en boucle et capable de réaliser rapidement et efficacement un échange thermique en générant rapidement une onde stationnaire et une onde progressive et un système thermoacoustique. Le dispositif thermoacoustique comprend, dans le tube en boucle (2), une première pile (3a) contenue par un premier échangeur thermique côté haute température (4) et un premier échangeur thermique côté basse température (5), et une seconde pile (3b) contenue par un échangeur thermique côté haute température (6) et un second échangeur thermique côté basse température (7). Une onde sonore par auto-excitation est générée par chauffage du premier échangeur thermique côté haute température (4), et le second échangeur thermique côté basse température (7) est refroidi par l’onde stationnaire et l’onde progressive. Le tube en boucle comprend une pluralité de parties tubulaires rectilignes (2a) dans la direction verticale et des parties tubulaires de connexion (2b) plus courtes que les parties tubulaires rectilignes (2a), et la première pile (3a) est installée dans la partie tubulaire rectiligne la plus longue (2a).
PCT/JP2005/005220 2004-03-26 2005-03-23 Dispositif thermoacoustique et systeme thermoacoustique WO2005093340A1 (fr)

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US10/594,278 US20070193281A1 (en) 2004-03-26 2005-03-23 Thermoacoustic apparatus and thermoacoustic system
US13/441,264 US20120247569A1 (en) 2004-03-26 2012-04-06 Thermoacoustic apparatus and thermoacoustic system

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JP2004091685A JP2005274100A (ja) 2004-03-26 2004-03-26 熱音響装置及び熱音響システム
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US8443599B2 (en) 2006-09-02 2013-05-21 The Doshisha Thermoacoustic apparatus
JP2008249223A (ja) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-16 Doshisha スタック及びその製造方法
JP5299107B2 (ja) * 2009-06-16 2013-09-25 いすゞ自動車株式会社 熱音響機関
JP5310287B2 (ja) * 2009-06-16 2013-10-09 いすゞ自動車株式会社 熱音響機関
JP5532938B2 (ja) * 2010-01-13 2014-06-25 いすゞ自動車株式会社 熱音響機関
US9163581B2 (en) * 2012-02-23 2015-10-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of National Aeronautics And Space Administration Alpha-stream convertor
JP6482350B2 (ja) * 2015-03-26 2019-03-13 大阪瓦斯株式会社 気化設備
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