WO2005088794A1 - 放電装置 - Google Patents
放電装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005088794A1 WO2005088794A1 PCT/JP2005/004689 JP2005004689W WO2005088794A1 WO 2005088794 A1 WO2005088794 A1 WO 2005088794A1 JP 2005004689 W JP2005004689 W JP 2005004689W WO 2005088794 A1 WO2005088794 A1 WO 2005088794A1
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- discharge
- electrode
- discharge electrode
- discharge device
- tip
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T23/00—Apparatus for generating ions to be introduced into non-enclosed gases, e.g. into the atmosphere
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a discharge device that performs streamer discharge, and particularly to an electrode material of the discharge device.
- an air purifier equipped with a discharge device has been used as a means for decomposing and removing odor components, harmful components, and the like using plasma generated by discharge.
- the streamer discharge air purifier that generates low-temperature plasma by streamer discharge has a lower power consumption than other discharge air purifiers such as glow discharge and corona discharge. This is a technology suitable for decomposing and deodorizing harmful components because high air purification efficiency can be obtained.
- An air purifying device of a streamer discharge method includes, for example, a plurality of discharge electrodes, a counter electrode facing the discharge electrode, and power supply means for applying a voltage to both electrodes as a discharge device.
- a voltage is applied to both electrodes from the power supply means, a streamer discharge is performed between the discharge electrode and the counter electrode, and low-temperature plasma is generated.
- harmful components and odor components in the air to be treated are brought into contact with active species (high-speed electrons, ions, radicals, and other exciting molecules) generated by the low-temperature plasma, whereby these components are decomposed. Removed (see Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-2002-336689
- the streamer discharge type discharge device disclosed in Patent Document 1 and the like has high decomposition efficiency for odor components and harmful components, but the state of the streamer discharge is affected by various influence factors. Has easy characteristics.
- the influencing factor is the distance (gap length) between the tip of the discharge electrode and the counter electrode. For this reason, in order to perform streamer discharge stably, it is desirable to maintain this gap length at an optimum interval.
- the tip of the discharge electrode melts and oxidizes. there is a possibility.
- the gap length becomes large, and it becomes impossible to stably perform streamer discharge.
- a spark may be generated due to the tip force of the discharge electrode and the counter electrode.
- the present invention has been made in view of the power, and an object of the present invention is to provide a streamer discharge type discharge device in which a discharge electrode retreats with respect to a counter electrode during streamer discharge. And to maintain a stable streamer discharge. Means for solving the problem
- a metal material having a high melting point and a high melting point is used as the discharge electrode in order to suppress the retreat of the discharge electrode during streamer discharge.
- a first invention includes a discharge electrode (41) and a counter electrode (42) arranged to face the discharge electrode (41), and the power supply means (18) provides both electrodes. It is assumed that the discharge device performs a streamer discharge between the discharge electrode (41) and the counter electrode (42) by applying a voltage to (41, 42).
- the discharge device is characterized in that the discharge electrode (41) is made of a material containing a metal element having a melting point of 1000 ° C. or more.
- a streamer discharge is performed between the discharge electrode (41) made of a material containing a metal element having a melting point of 1000 ° C or more and the counter electrode (42).
- the streamer discharge is performed between the two electrodes (41, 42)
- the electrons generated in the air during the generation of the low-temperature plasma concentrate and flow into the tip of the discharge electrode (41).
- the tip of the discharge electrode (41) is heated.
- a metal material having a melting point of 1000 ° C. or more is used as the discharge electrode (41). For this reason, the tip of the discharge electrode (41) is heated, and even if the temperature rises, the discharge The tip of the electrode (41) can be melted. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the tip of the discharge electrode (41) from retreating with respect to the counter electrode (42) due to the melting of the tip.
- a second invention is characterized in that, in the discharge device of the first invention, the discharge electrode (41) is made of a material containing nickel.
- the discharge electrode (41) is made of a material containing nickel having a melting point of 1000 ° C. or higher. For this reason, at the time of streamer discharge, it is possible to melt the tip of the discharge electrode (41), and it is possible to suppress the tip from retreating with respect to the counter electrode (42).
- a third invention is the discharge device according to the second invention, characterized in that the discharge electrode (41) is made of a material containing 1S nickel and aluminum.
- the streamer discharge is performed between the discharge electrode (41) made of a material containing at least nickel and aluminum and the counter electrode (42).
- the discharge electrode (41) made of a material containing at least nickel and aluminum
- the counter electrode (42) the discharge electrode
- the distal end portion of the discharge electrode is heated during streamer discharge, it is melted and oxidized before aluminum force nickel having a lower melting point than nickel.
- the molten and oxidized aluminum covers the tip surface of the discharge electrode (41). Since such an aluminum oxide sword has extremely stable properties against heat, even if the temperature of the tip of the discharge electrode (41) rises during streamer discharge, the tip melts. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of acidification.
- a fourth invention is characterized in that, in the discharge device of the first invention, the discharge electrode (41) is made of a material containing copper.
- the discharge electrode (41) is made of a material containing copper having a melting point of 1000 ° C. or more. For this reason, at the time of streamer discharge, it is possible to melt the tip of the discharge electrode (41), and it is possible to suppress the tip from retreating with respect to the counter electrode (42). Further, since copper has a higher thermal conductivity than aluminum, for example, even when the temperature of the tip of the discharge electrode (41) rises during streamer discharge, this heat is applied to the entire discharge electrode (41). Heat transfer becomes easier. Therefore, the heat radiation effect of the discharge electrode (41) is improved, and the melting of the tip of the discharge electrode (41) can be suppressed.
- a fifth invention is the discharge device according to the first invention, wherein the discharge electrode (41) contains molybdenum. It is characterized in that it is composed of a material
- the discharge electrode (41) is made of a material containing molybdenum having a melting point of 1000 ° C. or higher. For this reason, at the time of streamer discharge, the tip of the discharge electrode (41) can be melted, and it is possible to prevent the tip from retreating with respect to the counter electrode (42).
- a sixth invention is the discharge device of the first invention, wherein the discharge electrode (41) is made of a material containing tungsten.
- the discharge electrode (41) is made of a material having a very high melting point and containing tungsten. For this reason, at the time of streamer discharge, melting of the tip of the discharge electrode (41) can be effectively suppressed.
- a seventh invention is characterized in that, in the discharge device of the first invention, the discharge electrode (41) is made of a material containing platinum.
- the electrode material (41) is made of platinum having a melting point of 1000 ° C. or higher and having characteristics that are extremely difficult to oxidize. Therefore, during streamer discharge
- melting and oxidation of the tip of the discharge electrode (41) can be suppressed, and the tip can be prevented from retreating with respect to the counter electrode (42).
- An eighth invention is characterized in that, in the discharge device of the first invention, the discharge electrode (41) is made of a material containing 1S gold.
- the electrode material (41) is made of gold having a melting point of 1000 ° C or more and having characteristics that are extremely resistant to oxidation. For this reason, at the time of streamer discharge, melting and oxidation of the tip of the discharge electrode (41) can be suppressed, and it is possible to prevent the tip from retreating with respect to the counter electrode (42).
- a ninth invention is characterized in that, in the discharge device according to the first invention, the discharge electrode (41) is made of a material containing silicon.
- the discharge electrode (41) is made of a material containing silicon having a melting point of 1000 ° C. or more.
- a tenth invention is characterized in that, in the discharge device of the first invention, the discharge electrode (41) is made of a material containing vanadium.
- the discharge electrode (41) is made of a material containing vanadium having a melting point of 1000 ° C or more. For this reason, at the time of streamer discharge, the tip of the discharge electrode (41) can be melted, and it is possible to prevent the tip from retreating with respect to the counter electrode (42).
- An eleventh invention is characterized in that, in the discharge device of the first invention, the discharge electrode (41) is made of a material containing niobium.
- the discharge electrode (niobium-containing material having a melting point of 1000 ° C or more)
- the material of the discharge electrode (41) As the material of the discharge electrode (41), a metal material having a melting point of 1000 ° C or more is used. Then, melting at the tip of the discharge electrode (41) is suppressed, so that the tip of the discharge electrode (41) is prevented from retreating with respect to the counter electrode. Therefore, the distance (gap length) between the discharge electrode (41) and the counter electrode (42) can be maintained at an appropriate interval, and the above-described spark can be suppressed and the streamer discharge can be performed stably. be able to.
- the discharge device can be used for a long period of time, so that the frequency of replacement of the discharge electrode (41) can be reduced.
- a material containing nickel is used as the material of the discharge electrode (41), so that melting of the tip of the discharge electrode (41) can be suppressed. Therefore, the stability of the streamer discharge can be improved, and the frequency of replacing the discharge electrode (41) can be reduced.
- a material containing nickel and aluminum is used as the material of the discharge electrode (41). Then, the aluminum is melted and oxidized during the streamer discharge so that the tip of the discharge electrode (41) can be covered with the aluminum oxide. I have to. Therefore, the retreat of the tip of the discharge electrode (41) can be effectively suppressed as compared with the second aspect of the invention. Therefore, the stability of the streamer discharge can be improved, and the frequency of replacing the discharge electrode (41) can be reduced.
- the material of the discharge electrode (41) a material containing copper having a high melting point and a high thermal conductivity and containing copper is used. Then, during the streamer discharge, the discharge electrode (41) can be dissipated and the retreat of the tip of the discharge electrode (41) can be suppressed. Therefore, the stability of the streamer discharge can be improved, and the replacement frequency of the discharge electrode (41) can be reduced.
- a material containing molybdenum is used as a material for the discharge electrode (41), so that melting of the tip of the discharge electrode (41) can be suppressed. Therefore, the stability of the streamer discharge can be improved, and the frequency of replacing the discharge electrode (41) can be reduced.
- the material of the discharge electrode (41) a material having an extremely high melting point and containing tungsten is used, so that the tip of the discharge electrode (41) is effectively melted. We are trying to control it. Therefore, the stability of the streamer discharge can be effectively improved, and the frequency of replacing the discharge electrode (41) can be reduced.
- the material of the discharge electrode (41) a material having a high melting point and containing platinum which is difficult to be oxidized is used. Oxidation can be effectively suppressed. Therefore, the stability of the streamer discharge can be effectively improved, and the frequency of replacement of the discharge electrode (41) can be reduced.
- the material of the discharge electrode (41) a material having a high melting point and containing hard-to-oxidize gold is used. Oxidation can be effectively suppressed. Therefore, the same function and effect as the seventh invention can be obtained.
- a material containing silicon is used as a material for the discharge electrode (41), so that melting of the tip of the discharge electrode (41) can be suppressed. Therefore, the stability of the streamer discharge can be improved, and the frequency of replacing the discharge electrode (41) can be reduced.
- a material containing vanadium is used as a material for the discharge electrode (41), so that melting of the tip of the discharge electrode (41) can be suppressed. Therefore, the stability of the streamer discharge can be improved, and the frequency of replacement of the discharge electrode (41) can be reduced.
- the material of the discharge electrode (41) a material containing niobium is used, so that the melting of the tip of the discharge electrode (41) can be suppressed. Therefore, the stability of the streamer discharge can be improved, and the frequency of replacing the discharge electrode (41) can be reduced.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing the overall configuration of an air purification device according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 (A) is an enlarged view of a horizontal section of a discharge device according to an embodiment
- FIG. 2 (B) is an enlarged view of a main part of a discharge electrode according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a test apparatus according to the embodiment for verifying the retreat amount of the discharge electrode.
- FIG. 4 is a table showing test results for verifying a retreat amount of a discharge electrode according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a table showing test results for verifying a retreat amount of a discharge electrode according to a modification of the embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a table showing test results for verifying durability of a discharge electrode according to a modification of the embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the air purification device (1)
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of the discharge device (40) according to the present embodiment.
- the air purification device (1) generates a low-temperature plasma by performing streamer discharge in the discharge device (40), and decomposes and removes odorous and harmful components in the air to be treated. It is a purification device.
- the air purifying apparatus (1) is a consumer air purifying apparatus used in ordinary households and small stores.
- the air purification device (1) includes a box-shaped casing body (2) having an open front, and a front cover (3) fitted into an opening of the casing body (2). / Air inlets (4) through which air to be processed flows are formed at both left and right ends of the front cover (3). An air discharge port (5) through which air to be processed flows out is formed on the upper surface of the casing body (2). Further, inside the casing body (2), a flow path (6) of the air to be treated is formed. In the distribution channel (6), various functional components (7) provided for performing air cleaning are arranged. A fan (not shown) for circulating the air to be processed through the circulation path (6) is provided in the casing body (2).
- the functional component (7) includes a prefilter (8), an ionization unit (9), a dust collection filter (10), a discharge device (40), and a catalyst arranged in order from the upstream side of the air to be treated. It consists of a part (12).
- the pre-filter (8) is for collecting relatively large dust and the like contained in the air to be processed.
- the next ionizing part (9) is for charging relatively small dust and the like in the air to be treated.
- the charged dust and the like are collected by the dust collecting filter (10) (electrostatic filter).
- a discharge device (40) for performing streamer discharge and a catalyst section (12) are arranged downstream of the dust collection filter (10).
- the catalyst section (12) has, for example, a nod-cam structure, and has a catalytic action for enhancing the activity of low-temperature plasma generated by the discharge of the discharge device (40) and promoting the reaction! / Puru.
- the air purification device (1) is provided with power supply means (18) for applying a voltage to the discharge device (40).
- the power supply means (18) is built in the casing body (2) near the lower right side.
- FIG. 2 (A) is an enlarged view showing a horizontal section of the discharge device (40)
- FIG. 2 (B) is an enlarged view of a main part of the discharge electrode (41) of the discharge device (40).
- the discharge device (40) includes a discharge electrode (41) and a counter electrode (41) facing the discharge electrode (41) inside a frame (15) opening in the front-rear direction. 42) And!
- the discharge electrode (41) includes an electrode substrate (41a) extending in the vertical direction and a plurality of discharge terminals (41b) arranged side by side at predetermined intervals on the left and right ends of the electrode substrate (41a). It is composed of The electrode substrate (41a) is formed in a flat plate shape, and its upper end is supported by the upper lower surface of the frame (15), while its lower end is supported by the lower upper surface of the frame (15). The plurality of electrode substrates (41a) are arranged at predetermined intervals inside the frame (15). On the other hand, the discharge end (41b) is, as shown in FIG. 2 (B), formed of a triangular flat plate protruding horizontally from both ends of the electrode substrate (41a).
- the counter electrode (42) is formed in a flat plate shape, and the upper end is supported by the upper lower surface of the frame (15). The lower end is supported on the lower upper surface side of the frame (15).
- the opposing electrodes (42) are arranged on both left and right sides of each electrode substrate (41a).
- the electrode substrate (41a) and the counter electrode (42) are alternately arranged at regular intervals inside the frame (15).
- the discharge end (41b) of the discharge electrode ( 41 ) and the counter electrode (42) are in contact with each other while maintaining a predetermined interval.
- the distance (gap length) from the tip of the discharge end (41b) to the counter electrode (42) is about 5 mm.
- the discharge electrode (41) is made of a material containing a metal element having a melting point of 1000 ° C or more. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the discharge electrode (41) is made of nickel.
- the air to be processed flows into the air suction port (4) of the front cover (3) and flows through the flow path (6).
- This air to be treated is pre-filtered ( Go through 8). At this time, relatively large dust in the air to be treated is collected and removed by the pre-filter (8).
- the air to be treated flows through the ionizing section (9) in the second stage. At this time, relatively small dust in the air to be treated is charged to a positive charge by the ionizing part (9). The dust thus charged is collected and removed by a dust filter (10) disposed downstream of the ionizer (9). Dust in the air to be treated is generally collected and removed by the two-stage physical treatment as described above.
- the air to be treated which has been subjected to the two-stage treatment described above, flows through the discharge device (40) in the third stage.
- a voltage is applied from the power supply means (18) to the discharge electrode (41) and the counter electrode (42). Therefore, between the discharge end (41b) of the discharge electrode (41) and the counter electrode (42), low-temperature plasma is generated by the streamer discharge. Therefore, between the electrodes (41, 42), highly reactive active species (high-speed electrons, ions, radicals, other excited molecules, etc.) are generated due to the generation of low-temperature plasma. .
- the air to be treated from which dust and odor components have been removed and purified, is discharged from the casing body (2) to the outside of the casing body (2) through the air discharge port (5).
- FIG. 4 is a table showing the test results.
- the retreat amount of the discharge electrode (41) made of nickel 74 hours after the start of the streamer discharge was about 45 ⁇ m.
- the retreat amount after 74 hours was 500 / zm.
- the air purifying apparatus (10) according to the present embodiment has the following effects.
- nickel having a melting point of 1000 ° C. or more is used as the discharge electrode (41). Then, it is possible to prevent the distal end portion of the discharge electrode (41) from being melted by the streamer discharge and from being retracted with respect to the counter electrode (42). Therefore, the gap length between the discharge electrode (41) and the counter electrode (42) can be maintained at an optimum distance as much as possible, and the generation of sparks can be suppressed and the streamer discharge can be stabilized for a long time. it can.
- the discharge electrode (41) when the durability of the discharge electrode (41) is improved as described above, the discharge electrode (41) can be used for a long period of time. Therefore, the replacement frequency of the discharge electrode (41) can be reduced.
- each discharge electrode (41) was experimentally verified. Specifically, the same evaluation was performed by the above-described test for a material using an alloy of nickel and aluminum, a material using molybdenum, and a material using copper as the material of the discharge electrode (41).
- FIG. 5 is a table showing the test results. 74 hours after the start of the streamer discharge After the lapse of time, the retreat amount of the discharge electrode (41) made of an alloy that also has a nickel-aluminum force was 40 ⁇ m, 65 ⁇ m for molybdenum, and 75 ⁇ m for copper. Therefore, it can be confirmed that the discharge electrode (41) made of these materials is superior in durability to the discharge electrode (41) made of aluminum.
- the streamer discharge was continued for a longer time. It was continued and the time required for the retreat amount of each discharge electrode (41) to reach 300 ⁇ m was estimated. As a result, as shown in Fig. 6, in the discharge electrode (41) made of nickel, the force with which the receding amount reaches 300 ⁇ m after about 8000 hours is obtained by using the discharge electrode (41) made of an alloy of nickel and aluminum. ), It was estimated that the retreat amounted to 300 m after about 30,000 hours.
- the durability of the discharge electrode (41) made of an alloy of nickel and aluminum is approximately equal to the durability of the discharge electrode (41) made of nickel. It can be suggested that it is more than three times. In other words, by using the alloy of nickel and aluminum as the material for the discharge electrode (41), the distance between the discharge electrode (41) and the counter electrode (42) can be kept optimal for a long period of time. Thus, the streamer discharge can be stabilized for a long period of time.
- the present invention may be configured as follows in the above embodiment.
- the durability of the discharge electrode (41) can be improved by using nickel, nickel alloy of nickel and aluminum, molybdenum, or copper as the discharge electrode (40).
- other materials for the discharge electrode (41) include materials with an extremely high melting point, such as tungsten, materials that do not easily oxidize, materials containing the noble metals platinum or gold, materials containing silicon, and vanadium.
- a material containing niobium or a material containing niobium may be used. Since the melting points of the metal elements composing each of these materials are 1000 ° C or higher, the tip of the discharge electrode (41) becomes the counter electrode (42) due to the melting of the discharge electrode (41) during streamer discharge. On the other hand, retreat can be suppressed.
- the present invention relates to a discharger that performs streamer discharge. It is useful for the electrode material of the discharge device.
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- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2004-074400 | 2004-03-16 | ||
JP2004074400A JP2005262002A (ja) | 2004-03-16 | 2004-03-16 | 放電装置 |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20150282286A1 (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2015-10-01 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Silicon Based Charge Neutralization Systems |
US9510431B2 (en) | 2012-02-06 | 2016-11-29 | Illinois Tools Works Inc. | Control system of a balanced micro-pulsed ionizer blower |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH07282953A (ja) * | 1994-04-07 | 1995-10-27 | Toshiba Corp | コロナ放電用電極および静電気除去装置 |
JP2003053129A (ja) * | 2001-05-28 | 2003-02-25 | Daikin Ind Ltd | プラズマ式ガス浄化装置及びストリーマ放電回路 |
-
2004
- 2004-03-16 JP JP2004074400A patent/JP2005262002A/ja active Pending
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2005
- 2005-03-16 WO PCT/JP2005/004689 patent/WO2005088794A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH07282953A (ja) * | 1994-04-07 | 1995-10-27 | Toshiba Corp | コロナ放電用電極および静電気除去装置 |
JP2003053129A (ja) * | 2001-05-28 | 2003-02-25 | Daikin Ind Ltd | プラズマ式ガス浄化装置及びストリーマ放電回路 |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20150282286A1 (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2015-10-01 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Silicon Based Charge Neutralization Systems |
US9380689B2 (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2016-06-28 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Silicon based charge neutralization systems |
US9642232B2 (en) | 2008-06-18 | 2017-05-02 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Silicon based ion emitter assembly |
US10136507B2 (en) | 2008-06-18 | 2018-11-20 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Silicon based ion emitter assembly |
US9510431B2 (en) | 2012-02-06 | 2016-11-29 | Illinois Tools Works Inc. | Control system of a balanced micro-pulsed ionizer blower |
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