WO2005082569A1 - Procede de soudage de pieces metalliques de nature differente a joindre, en particulier de sites de liaison aluminium-cuivre - Google Patents

Procede de soudage de pieces metalliques de nature differente a joindre, en particulier de sites de liaison aluminium-cuivre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005082569A1
WO2005082569A1 PCT/EP2005/001875 EP2005001875W WO2005082569A1 WO 2005082569 A1 WO2005082569 A1 WO 2005082569A1 EP 2005001875 W EP2005001875 W EP 2005001875W WO 2005082569 A1 WO2005082569 A1 WO 2005082569A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
joining
joining partners
laser beam
welding
layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2005/001875
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ihor Mys
Michael Schmidt
Gerd Esser
Manfred Geiger
Original Assignee
BLZ Bayerisches Laserzentrum Gemeinnützige Forschungsgesellschaft mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BLZ Bayerisches Laserzentrum Gemeinnützige Forschungsgesellschaft mbH filed Critical BLZ Bayerisches Laserzentrum Gemeinnützige Forschungsgesellschaft mbH
Publication of WO2005082569A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005082569A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/22—Spot welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B23K26/323—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved involving parts made of dissimilar metallic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • B23K2103/12—Copper or alloys thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for welding dissimilar metallic joining partners and in particular aluminum-copper connection points.
  • Another problem is that the materials copper and aluminum show great differences in the melting temperature and thermal expansion, which on the one hand lead to segregation of high and low melting phases during fusion welding and on the other hand can cause the build-up of residual stresses in the joining zone.
  • both materials show complete solubility in one another in liquid state and limited solubility in solid state.
  • a copper content of less than 1 mass% or an aluminum concentration of less than 8 mass%, slow cooling leads to mixed crystal formation, while in the intermediate concentration range the structure contains parts of intermetallic compounds in the equilibrium case.
  • the microhardness of such intermetallic phases that can occur in the Cu-Al system is significantly greater than that of pure aluminum or copper. Higher hardnesses of intermetallic compounds cause a reduction in ductility and lead to a notch and crack sensitivity of the connections. Because of their non-purely metallic nature, intermetallic phases also show a fundamentally higher specific resistance than the base materials.
  • connection points between different metallic base materials depend very much on the distribution of the intermetallic phases formed during welding.
  • these so-called “intermetallics” impair the deformability of the connection and the electrical resistance more than in the form of small, separate deposits.
  • the generally good basic properties of the individual materials are often significantly deteriorated by the intermetallics.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for welding dissimilar metallic joining partners and in particular aluminum-copper connection points, which achieves improved mechanical and electrical properties of the transition.
  • this object is achieved in that a layer of a welding filler consisting of a third metallic material is layered between the two joining partners from different metallic materials.
  • the two joining partners are then welded to one another using the welding filler material with the aid of an energy beam, preferably a laser beam.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that when welding dissimilar metals, intermetallic phases can be reduced by using additional materials that are used with both base materials. Substances have a certain solubility.
  • the filler material acts as an enriched melt between the two joining partners, so that the "incompatible" components are no longer in pure contact with each other.
  • Nickel, silver and tin and their lightly doped alloys are preferred as an additional material in the copper-aluminum system.
  • zinc is also conceivable, but due to its high vapor pressure, it will hardly be usable in fusion welding.
  • the filler material layer can be formed by a separate film layer with a thickness order of magnitude in the micrometer range from a few ⁇ m to, for example, about 100 ⁇ m, which is inserted between the two joining partners before welding.
  • the provision of the filler material layer by a coating on at least one of the two joining partners is particularly elegant in terms of process technology, since this eliminates the need to position and fix the intermediate film.
  • this filler material is essentially built into the alloy formed by welding from the two welding base materials, ie primarily a copper-aluminum alloy, as doping. Consequently, there is at least a ternary alloy in the melting range, which is in contrast to the prior art. There are flat additional materials in the joining area of such a thickness that only binary alloys are formed between the filler material as the central layer and the adjacent joining partners.
  • the second application strategy is particularly suitable for connections between a flat and a wire-shaped joining partner, such as are produced, for example, in electronics when contacting copper wires on solid aluminum bodies.
  • the laser beam is applied to the elongated joining partner from the direction facing away from the filler material layer and the flat joining partner.
  • a special feature of the method according to the invention is that which is also provided according to a preferred embodiment compared to the Application of the laser beam offset between the joining partners. Its focus is thus shifted towards one of the two joining partners, which means that the strength of the welded joint can be increased even without the interposition of a filler material layer compared to an undisplaced laser application. Offset paths in the order of magnitude of the thickness of the additional material layer or alternatively approximately half the diameter of the laser beam, in particular in the case of thin additional material layers, are to be assumed as preferred values.
  • 1 and 2 is a side view and plan view of a welding assembly
  • FIG. 3 shows an enlarged detail of detail III from FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 5 is a graph showing the tensile strength of welds between two joining partners Integration of silver foil as an additional material of different thickness
  • Fig. 6 is a graph showing the tensile strength of welded connections between two joining partners with the incorporation of different galvanic coatings as filler layers, and
  • FIG 7 and 8 are schematic perspective representations of joining partners with filler material layers with an alternative laser beam application.
  • two strip-shaped joining partners namely an aluminum strip 1 and a copper strip 2 are laid one on top of the other in an overlap area 3.
  • a film layer 4 made of a filler metal is positioned in this overlap area 3.
  • the aluminum layer 1, copper strip 2 and foil layer 4 with their longitudinal edge edges 5 are exposed.
  • the length of the two strips 1, 2 is approximately 50 mm, their thickness 1.2 mm.
  • Test strips made of nickel or silver foil with a thickness of 0.1 mm are used for the foil layer 5. These foils consisted of technical silver or nickel with a purity of 99.9 percent.
  • welding points 6 are set at a distance of approximately 5 mm with the aid of a Nd.YAG laser (not shown) by applying a single pulse.
  • the focus diameter of the Laser beam 7 is 400 ⁇ m, the pulse duration is 10 ms and the laser power is 5.2 kW.
  • the maximum tensile force is significantly increased by using foils as an intermediate layer - when using silver foils - between 40% and 70%.
  • the contact resistance drops by a corresponding amount.
  • the offset in the direction of the aluminum is also advantageous in that the copper surface shows little coupling for the laser beam 7 due to its high reflectivity. Appropriate welding results would therefore only be achieved by increasing the laser power.
  • FIG. 6 shows a diagram with which the strengths of copper-aluminum weldings are shown using different galvanic coatings as an additional material. All spot welds on the edge were carried out with a beam offset of 0.2 mm in the direction of the aluminum strip 1.
  • the galvanic coatings were nickel, silver and tin layers with a thickness of 3 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m.
  • a foil layer 4 made of silver in the form of a short, strip-shaped piece of foil is placed on an aluminum base 8 and a copper wire 9 with its end 10 is positioned thereon.
  • the two joining partners 8, 9 are welded by applying a laser beam 7 from the side of the copper wire 9 facing away from the aluminum base 8 and the foil layer 4, so that the silver foil layer 4 and the aluminum base 8 are heated and melted melted in the joining area and connected to each other.
  • the welding filler material is applied to the aluminum base 8 in the form of a strip-shaped silver coating 11. Due to the longitudinal expansion of the silver coating 11 compared to the silver strip 4 in FIG. 5, the copper wire 9 can be spot welded over a greater length at its end to the aluminum base 8 with the aid of several welding spots (not shown).

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé de soudage de pièces métalliques de nature différente à joindre, qui consiste à préparer une pièce à joindre (1, 8) constituée d'une première matière métallique, à préparer l'autre pièce à joindre (2, 9) constituée d'une deuxième matière métallique, à appliquer une couche de métal d'apport (4, 11) constituée d'une troisième matière métallique entre les deux pièces à joindre (1, 8; 2, 9) et à souder les deux pièces à joindre (1, 8; 2, 9) par liaison du métal d'apport (4, 11) à l'aide d'un faisceau d'énergie, de préférence d'un faisceau laser (7).
PCT/EP2005/001875 2004-02-27 2005-02-23 Procede de soudage de pieces metalliques de nature differente a joindre, en particulier de sites de liaison aluminium-cuivre WO2005082569A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004009651.1 2004-02-27
DE102004009651A DE102004009651B4 (de) 2004-02-27 2004-02-27 Verfahren zum Schweißen artungleicher metallischer Fügepartner, insbesondere von Aluminium-Kupfer-Verbindungsstellen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005082569A1 true WO2005082569A1 (fr) 2005-09-09

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PCT/EP2005/001875 WO2005082569A1 (fr) 2004-02-27 2005-02-23 Procede de soudage de pieces metalliques de nature differente a joindre, en particulier de sites de liaison aluminium-cuivre

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102004009651B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005082569A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102035080A (zh) * 2009-09-30 2011-04-27 徐卓辉 采用侧面复合金属结构的导电连接片及其生产方法
CN102394388A (zh) * 2011-07-15 2012-03-28 山东达驰电气有限公司 一种铜铝导体联结接触面的处理方法
EP2995414A1 (fr) * 2014-07-30 2016-03-16 Karlsruher Institut für Technologie Liaison de matière entre aluminium et cuivre et son procédé de fabrication
CN110253146A (zh) * 2019-07-03 2019-09-20 湖南科技大学 一种高强度铜铝异种材料双螺旋焊接工艺
CN113146037A (zh) * 2021-04-16 2021-07-23 北京工业大学 一种铝/铜异种材料薄板激光高速螺旋点焊方法

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DE102005059544A1 (de) * 2005-12-13 2007-06-14 Ecka Granulate Gmbh & Co. Kg Sn-haltige hochbelastbare Materialzusammensetzung; Verfahren zur Herstellung einer hochbelastbaren Beschichtung und deren Verwendung
DE102010033221A1 (de) 2010-08-03 2012-02-09 Wieland-Werke Ag Verfahren zum Schweißen artungleicher Fügepartner
DE102011077458A1 (de) * 2011-06-14 2012-12-20 Brose Fahrzeugteile Gmbh & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, Coburg Verfahren zum Verschweißen von Bauteilen eines Kraftfahrzeuges, Schweißbaugruppe sowie Fahrzeugsitz für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE102012221617A1 (de) 2012-11-27 2014-06-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Verbinden von artungleichen metallischen Fügepartnern mittels einer Strahlungsquelle
DE202013012314U1 (de) 2013-10-08 2016-04-27 Engeser Gmbh Innovative Verbindungstechnik Elektrische Verbindung sowie Batteriezellkontakt
DE102013113650A1 (de) * 2013-12-06 2015-06-11 INTER CONTROL Hermann Köhler Elektrik GmbH & Co KG Thermische Schalteinrichtung, Heizungsanordnung sowie Verfahren zur Montage einer thermischen Schalteinrichtung an einer Heizungseinrichtung
DE102014015805B3 (de) 2014-10-24 2016-02-18 Isabellenhütte Heusler Gmbh & Co. Kg Widerstand, Herstellungsverfahren dafür und Verbundmaterialband zum Herstellen des Widerstands
DE102014226411A1 (de) 2014-12-18 2016-06-23 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Beeinflussung der Schweißmetallurgie beim Widerstandsschweißen von Mischverbindungen
DE102015009664B3 (de) * 2015-07-25 2016-12-15 INPRO Innovationsgesellschaft für fortgeschrittene Produktionssysteme in der Fahrzeugindustrie mbH Verfahren zum Schweißen artungleicher metallischer Fügepartner
DE102016008395B3 (de) * 2016-07-09 2017-12-07 INPRO Innovationsgesellschaft für fortgeschrittene Produktionssysteme in der Fahrzeugindustrie mbH Verfahren zum Verschweißen artungleicher metallischer Fügepartner
DE102021213241A1 (de) 2021-11-24 2023-05-25 Hugo Kern Und Liebers Gmbh & Co. Kg Platinen- Und Federnfabrik Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schweißen artungleicher metallischer Fügepartner

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102035080A (zh) * 2009-09-30 2011-04-27 徐卓辉 采用侧面复合金属结构的导电连接片及其生产方法
CN102394388A (zh) * 2011-07-15 2012-03-28 山东达驰电气有限公司 一种铜铝导体联结接触面的处理方法
EP2995414A1 (fr) * 2014-07-30 2016-03-16 Karlsruher Institut für Technologie Liaison de matière entre aluminium et cuivre et son procédé de fabrication
CN110253146A (zh) * 2019-07-03 2019-09-20 湖南科技大学 一种高强度铜铝异种材料双螺旋焊接工艺
CN113146037A (zh) * 2021-04-16 2021-07-23 北京工业大学 一种铝/铜异种材料薄板激光高速螺旋点焊方法

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Publication number Publication date
DE102004009651A1 (de) 2005-09-22
DE102004009651B4 (de) 2008-10-09

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