WO2005069254A1 - 形状記憶合金を用いた駆動機構及びこの駆動機構を備える装置 - Google Patents
形状記憶合金を用いた駆動機構及びこの駆動機構を備える装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005069254A1 WO2005069254A1 PCT/JP2005/000939 JP2005000939W WO2005069254A1 WO 2005069254 A1 WO2005069254 A1 WO 2005069254A1 JP 2005000939 W JP2005000939 W JP 2005000939W WO 2005069254 A1 WO2005069254 A1 WO 2005069254A1
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- memory alloy
- shape memory
- drive
- magnetic
- coils
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B21/00—Teaching, or communicating with, the blind, deaf or mute
- G09B21/001—Teaching or communicating with blind persons
- G09B21/003—Teaching or communicating with blind persons using tactile presentation of the information, e.g. Braille displays
- G09B21/004—Details of particular tactile cells, e.g. electro-mechanical or mechanical layout
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B21/00—Teaching, or communicating with, the blind, deaf or mute
- G09B21/001—Teaching or communicating with blind persons
- G09B21/007—Teaching or communicating with blind persons using both tactile and audible presentation of the information
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a drive mechanism using a shape memory alloy and an apparatus provided with the drive mechanism.
- the present invention relates to a drive mechanism using a shape memory alloy and various devices provided with the drive mechanism. Akira Background technology
- the pins that move actively are arranged vertically on a two-dimensional plane, and the shape of the characters (ink print) and the information of the figures are moved by each pin. That is, a tactile display which can be displayed as information of a convex position and a concave position is known.
- driving means such as an electromagnetic actuator, electrostatic attraction, and a piezoelectric actuator are employed. It is configured to move to the concave position.
- a device using an electromagnetic actuator as the driving means is disclosed in the following document 1
- a device using a piezoelectric actuator as the driving device is disclosed in the following document 2, for example.
- the following document 1 based on the electromagnetic force generated by the coil, Because the pins are driven, the smaller the size, the smaller the coil, and the weaker the electromagnetic force.
- the electric resistance of the coil increases, and the power consumption increases.
- Reference 2 below for example, in order to displace the pin by l mm or more by a plate-shaped piezoelectric piemorph element as a driving means, the piezoelectric bimorph element itself becomes large, and the tactile display itself becomes large. And the drive voltage is relatively high.
- a Braille pin driving device with a reduced driving power and a simplified structure is disclosed in the following document 3.
- This Braille pin driver uses a shape memory alloy coil to displace the pin by, for example, an extension operation at the time of energization, and a stopper attached to the pin at two displacement positions, that is, a convex position and a concave position. It is fixed and held by abutting and magnetically attracting the fixedly arranged magnet plate.
- Reference 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-200704
- the pins are arranged at intervals of about 2.5 mm pitch, for example, which is close to the Braille standard, and are driven between the convex position and the concave position. It is driven by means and is fixedly held at the convex position or the concave position. Therefore, although it is possible to represent the above-mentioned 6-point braille, for example, when a graphic display is performed by using a large number of pins arranged in a dot matrix, a narrower pitch is required to perform a finer expression. preferable. If each pin is fixedly held at a plurality of positions in the axial direction, multi-value display can be performed, and so-called gradation can be expressed.
- Patent Documents (1), (3) and (3) pin driving methods are configured to arrange the pins at a narrower pitch or to fix and hold the pins at a plurality of positions in the axial direction.
- graphic display is performed by using a large number of pins. In such a case, when each pin is driven by a driving device using an electromagnetic actuator, there is a problem that a display speed is reduced and an operation sound is relatively loud.
- the present invention has a simple configuration, can be configured in a small size, has a large operating displacement, can be easily integrated and can operate at high speed, and more preferably has a large number of pins.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a drive mechanism using a shape memory alloy that can be fixedly held at a stage, a display device including the same, and various devices such as a writing device including the same.
- the above object is achieved by connecting first and second shape memory alloy coils connected in series in the axial direction to each other, and connected to the first and second shape memory alloy coils.
- a driving member that supplies current to the first and second shape memory alloy coils; and a magnetic latch unit that holds the driving member.
- the circuit selectively heats the first and second shape memory alloy coils by current driving and heats, and the heated first or second shape memory alloy coil contracts or expands to move the driving member along the axial direction.
- This is achieved by a drive mechanism using a shape memory alloy, characterized in that the drive member is magnetically attracted to the magnetic latch portion and fixedly held in the axial direction.
- the drive member in the drive mechanism using the shape memory alloy, can be moved in the axial direction by heating and contracting or expanding the first or second shape memory alloy coil. Then, when the drive member moves in the axial direction, the drive member is fixedly held at the axial latch position by the magnetic latch portion. Therefore, the shape memory alloy coil and the driving member are configured simply by connecting the respective electrodes of the shape memory alloy coil to the wiring pattern of the drive circuit, and can be easily and inexpensively assembled with a simple configuration. Since the fixed holding of the driving member at the moving position is performed by the magnetic latch portion, each driving member is fixed and held without constantly energizing the shape memory alloy coil, so that power consumption is reduced and running costs are reduced.
- Each drive member is fixedly held at an axial position corresponding to a plurality of magnetic bodies. Instead of the two positions of the convex position and the concave position as in the case of the Braille display device, it is fixed and held at the axial position of more stages.
- the magnetic latch section preferably includes a magnetic plate having a through-hole through which the driving member penetrates in a non-contact manner, and a plurality of magnetic bodies provided in the driving member, wherein the magnetic bodies are arranged alternately in the axial direction of the driving member. !
- the magnet plate is magnetized in the axial direction of the driving member.
- the driving member is fixedly held at the corresponding latch position in the axial direction, and the magnet plate is magnetized in the axial direction of the driving member, so that a plurality of driving members are provided on one magnet plate, respectively. The same magnetized state can be obtained in each of the through holes even if the through holes are provided.
- the drive mechanism using the shape memory alloy of the present invention is characterized in that the first and second shape memory alloy coils, which are connected in series in the axial direction, and the drive member and the fixed member are formed on a common substrate.
- a plurality of sets of the arranged module and a magnetic latch portion for holding the driving member are provided, and the first and second shape memory alloy coils are formed by a natural length portion of the first shape memory alloy coil and an extension portion thereof.
- the compression part, the extension part or the compression part of the second shape memory alloy coil, and the natural length part thereof are connected in series in this order, and the natural length of each of the first and second shape memory alloy coils is A series connection part of one end of the part and one end of the expansion part or the compression part is connected to the driving member via a fixing member arranged in an opening provided in the substrate, and the first and second shape memory alloys are connected. Make sure that the coil, drive member, and fixed member And the other end of the natural length portion of the first shape memory alloy coil and the other end of the natural length portion of the second shape memory alloy coil are held movably and substantially parallel to the substrate.
- the other end of the extension or compression section of the first shape memory alloy coil and the other end of the extension or compression section of the second shape memory alloy coil are connected to the ground electrode pattern provided on the substrate, respectively.
- the magnetic latch portion includes a magnet plate and a plurality of magnetic bodies, and the driving member passes through the magnet plate without contact.
- the magnetic material is axially separated from each other in the axial direction, and the drive circuit provided on the substrate selectively current-drives the first and second shape memory alloy coils.
- the drive member moves in the axial direction by heating and expanding or compressing the second shape memory alloy coil, and the drive member is magnetically attracted to the magnetic latch portion and fixedly held in multiple steps in the axial direction. It is characterized by being done.
- a plurality of sets of the first and second shape memory alloy coils, the driving member, and the fixing member are arranged on the common substrate and the common magnet plate. Narrower pitches are feasible.
- the drive circuit has a shift register, and a plurality of sets of the first and second shape memory alloy coils are driven by the shift register. Since data can be sent out by a shift register using one drive circuit and a plurality of sets of the first and second shape memory alloy coils can be driven by current, the overall configuration can be simplified and the cost can be reduced. Reduced. In addition, since serial data is transmitted from the drive circuit and the first and second shape memory alloy coils of each set can be driven by current, the first and second shape memory alloy coils of each set can be driven at high speed. I can do it. Further, only one data transfer wiring is required. Even when a plurality of shift registers are connected, the so-called cascade connection eliminates the need to increase the number of data transfer wirings, and simplifies the configuration.
- the magnetic latch portion is separated from one or more magnetic bodies disposed on the drive member in the axial direction so as to face a displacement region of the magnetic bodies.
- a latch member provided with a plurality of recessed portions, wherein magnetism is applied to the region of the recessed portion of the latch member. Therefore, when the driving member moves in the axial direction, the magnetic material of the magnetic latch portion disposed on the driving member is magnetically attracted in any one of the plurality of concave portions disposed on the latch member. The driving member is fixedly held at the corresponding latch position in the axial direction.
- At least one drive mechanism using a shape memory alloy there is provided at least one drive mechanism using a shape memory alloy, and at least one drive member of each of the drive mechanisms is parallel to the magnet plate in a region at the tip of each drive member.
- a display sheet having a through hole through which each driving member vertically penetrates; and a control unit to which data is further input.
- the first and second shape memory alloy coils include a natural length portion of the first shape memory alloy coil and an extension or compression portion thereof, and an extension or compression portion of the second shape memory alloy coil. Part and its natural length part are connected in series in the following order:
- each of the first and second shape memory alloy coils a series connection portion between one end of the natural length portion and one end of the extension portion or the compression portion is connected via a fixing member disposed in an opening provided in the substrate.
- the first shape is connected to the driving member, and the first and second shape memory alloy coils, the driving member, and the fixing member are movably held substantially parallel to the substrate without contacting the substrate and have the first shape.
- the other end of the natural length portion of the memory alloy coil and the other end of the natural length portion of the second shape memory alloy coil are connected to the ground electrode pattern provided on the substrate, respectively, to extend the first shape memory alloy coil.
- the other end of the compression section or the compression section and the other end of the extension section or the compression section of the second shape memory alloy coil are connected to a common electrode wiring pattern provided on the substrate, and the magnetic latch section has a
- the magnetic plate is driven by the driving member without contact.
- a magnetic body is axially spaced apart from each other, and a drive circuit provided on the substrate selectively current-drives the first and second shape memory alloy coils, and drives the first or second shape memory alloy coil.
- the driving member moves in the axial direction, and the driving member is magnetically attached to the magnetic latch portion and fixed in multiple stages in the axial direction.
- the present invention is attained by a display device having the above-mentioned drive mechanism, wherein the display device is configured to be held and perform display based on a protrusion amount of each drive member corresponding to data.
- each drive member is formed based on the amount of protrusion of the leading end of the drive member from the display sheet surface in these drive mechanisms.
- braille display or the like can be displayed.
- the drive current for the first and second shape memory alloy coils of each drive mechanism is not required, so that power consumption can be reduced. Further, since the distance between the driving members can be narrowed, a smaller display can be performed.
- each driving mechanism since the driving member of each driving mechanism is fixed and held at an axial position corresponding to a plurality of magnetic bodies, the conventional Braille Rather than two-stage display such as a convex position and a concave position in a display device, it is possible to perform gradation display based on the protrusion amount on the display sheet at more axial positions.
- each drive member in the drive mechanism is preferably arranged in a dot matrix on the surface of the display sheet.
- the above object is achieved by providing at least one drive mechanism having the above-described second configuration, and a magnet plate in a region at the tip of each drive member of these drive mechanisms.
- a detachable display sheet that is arranged in parallel and has a through hole through which each driving member penetrates vertically, a display pin that is removably inserted into the tip of each driving member, and a display sheet that further inputs data.
- a control unit for writing data based on the amount of protrusion of each display pin corresponding to the data. The control unit latches the display pin to the display sheet according to the amount of axial movement of each driving member, and latches the display pin.
- the present invention is attained by a display sheet writing device including the above-mentioned driving mechanism, wherein the display sheet writing device is detached from a driving member by the magnetic force and fixedly held on the display sheet. With this display sheet writing device, a display sheet on which data is written can be obtained.
- the display pins can be latched on the magnet plate of the display sheet to write a display such as Braille according to the combination of the protrusion amounts of the respective drive members.
- the display pins are non-volatile because they are latched to the magnet plate, so that any data can be detected by touching the data. Since the display sheet can be removed from the writing device, writing can be performed on the same display sheet, and the display sheet can be handled like printing paper. Then, after detecting the data on the display sheet, the data can be erased by returning to a state where the display pins do not protrude.
- Another aspect of the drive mechanism using the shape memory alloy according to the present invention includes a first and a second shape memory alloy coils connected in series in an axial direction to each other, and a drive mechanism connected to the first and the second shape memory alloy coils.
- the shape memory alloy coil is selectively current-driven and heated, and the heated first or second shape memory alloy coil contracts or expands to drive the driving member along the plurality of recesses of the latch member.
- the drive member is moved and the drive member is magnetically attracted to the magnetic latch portion to fix and hold the drive member.
- the first and second shape memory alloy coils each include an extension portion or a compression portion, and one ends of the extension portion or the compression portion of the first and second shape memory alloy coils, respectively.
- the series connection part of the first and second shape memory alloy coils is connected to the driving member and serves as a common electrode, and the extension part or the compression part of the first and second shape memory alloy coils
- Both ends of the portion that are not connected in series are connected to both ends of the latch member where the plurality of recesses are not provided, and serve as ground electrodes.
- the driving member made of a magnetic material moves in the axial direction due to the expansion and contraction of the shape memory coupling coil, it is magnetically attracted in any one of the plurality of concave portions arranged on the latch member.
- the driving members are fixedly held at the corresponding latch positions in the axial direction. It would be extremely advantageous if the drive mechanism using this shape memory alloy was mounted on various devices such as an optical fiber switch, a lens focus adjustment mechanism, a liquid injector, and a matrix type optical switch capable of selectively driving a large number of mirrors. Various devices can be realized.
- the concave portion is arranged to be curved. Therefore, the magnetic member moves along the curved concave portion with the movement of the driving member, and is magnetically attracted into any of the concave portions, and is fixed and held at the corresponding latch position. It is fixed and held at any of the latch positions arranged side by side, and for example, it is possible to realize a latch mechanism in a curved member.
- the recess of the drive mechanism may be configured to be bendable.
- the magnetic body moves along the concavely arranged concave portion and is magnetically attracted in any of the concave portions and is fixed and held at the corresponding latch position.
- the drive member is fixedly held at any of the latch positions arranged to bend, and it is possible to realize a latch mechanism in a tube such as a bendable catheter.
- the latch member has a magnetic sensor
- the position where the magnetic body has moved can be detected by the magnetic sensor in accordance with the movement or setting of the driving member. Also, by setting the position of the driving member, it can be used as an input device for that position.
- an optical device including the drive mechanism of the present invention includes a drive mechanism using a shape memory alloy, and a drive unit driven by the drive mechanism, wherein the drive mechanisms are connected in series in the axial direction with each other.
- a magnetic latch portion for holding the driving member wherein the magnetic latch portion has a plurality of concave portions spaced apart from each other in the axial direction, and magnetism is applied to a region of the concave portion.
- the drive circuit selectively heats the first and second shape memory alloy coils by current driving, and the heated or contracted or expanded first or second shape memory alloy coil causes the drive member to move. More than one of the above latch members
- the drive member is moved along the concave portion and fixedly held by magnetically attracting the drive member to the magnetic latch portion, and the drive portion of the optical device is fixed to the drive member made of a magnetic material of the drive mechanism, and the position thereof is drive controlled It is characterized by being performed.
- the drive unit of the optical device is preferably a drive unit of an optical fiber or a drive unit of a lens. According to the above configuration, it is possible to drive the optical fiber and the lens of the optical device based on the latch positions of the driving members in the driving mechanisms by using the driving mechanisms.
- the operation displacement amount is multi-step and large, it can be used for an optical switch using an optical fiber or a focus adjusting device for a lens, etc., and the drive mechanism of these optical devices is compactly and densely integrated.
- the drive mechanism using the shape memory alloy includes first and second shape memory alloy coils connected in series in the axial direction to each other; A driving member made of a magnetic material connected to the memory alloy coil; a driving circuit for supplying current to the first and second shape memory alloy coils; and a magnetic latch unit for holding the driving member.
- the latch portion has a plurality of recesses spaced apart from each other in the axial direction, and magnetism is applied to a region of the recesses, and the driving circuit
- the first and second shape memory alloy coils are selectively current-driven and heated by heating, and the heated first or second shape memory alloy coil contracts or expands, thereby driving the driving member to a plurality of latch members. It is fixed and held by moving along the individual recessed portions and magnetically attracting the drive member to the magnetic latch portion.
- a shape memory alloy coil is electrically and mechanically connected, and a driving member of each driving mechanism fixed and driven to the shape memory alloy coil Can be fixedly held at an axial position corresponding to a plurality of magnetic bodies, that is, can be latched. Since this latch state is maintained without passing a current through the shape memory alloy coil, power consumption is low. Then, instead of the conventional two-stage display such as the convex position and the concave position, it is possible to perform a multi-stage gradation display at the axial position.
- the driving member is configured to be planar with respect to the displacement of the shape memory alloy coil, the size is reduced, so that the integration is easy. Also, since a thin shape memory alloy coil can be used, power consumption can be reduced by low current operation, and the surface area / volume ratio is reduced, and the time constant of heating and heat radiation is shortened to operate at high speed.
- the display device equipped with the above-mentioned drive mechanism by making the drive mechanism using the above-mentioned shape memory alloy coil modularized, can perform multi-stage gradation display at the axial position of one-dimensional or two-dimensional arrangement, with low power consumption, It operates at high speed.
- the display sheet writing device provided with the above-mentioned drive mechanism can modularize the above-mentioned drive mechanism using the shape memory alloy coil, and can perform multi-stage gradation display at one-dimensional or two-dimensional axial position. Data can be written on a removable display sheet, and it operates at low power consumption and at high speed.
- the optical device provided with the above driving mechanism can drive driving components in the optics, such as an optical fiber and a lens, and operates at low power consumption and at high speed.
- the catheter provided with the above driving mechanism can drive various driving mechanisms of the catheter, and operates at low power consumption and at high speed.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a drive mechanism using a shape memory alloy according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2A and 2B show a configuration of a magnet plate in a drive mechanism module using the shape memory alloy of FIG. 1, wherein FIG. 2A is a partial perspective view and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the shape and dimensions of the shape memory alloy coil.
- FIGS. 4A and 4B are diagrams for explaining the operation of the drive mechanism using the shape memory alloy of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4A shows a state in which the shape memory alloy coil 2 is not heated,
- FIG. ) Indicates when the shape memory alloy coil 1 is energized.
- FIG. 5 is a view showing the configuration of a second embodiment of a drive mechanism using a shape memory alloy according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 shows a configuration of a main part of a third embodiment of a drive mechanism using a shape memory alloy according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view showing a configuration of a modification of the third embodiment of the drive mechanism using the shape memory alloy according to the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view showing a configuration of an optical fiber switch as an optical device using a drive mechanism using the shape memory alloy shown in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a main part of a modification of the optical fiber switch shown in FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a modification of the optical fiber switch shown in FIG.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective perspective view showing a configuration of an endoscope 48 having a focus adjustment mechanism as an optical device including the drive mechanism 40 using the shape memory alloy shown in FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective perspective view showing the configuration of a liquid injector having a drive mechanism using the shape memory alloy shown in FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a view showing a configuration of a main part of a fourth embodiment of a drive mechanism using a shape memory alloy according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic side view showing a configuration of a catheter bending mechanism.
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a display device using a shape memory alloy according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing an electric configuration of a control unit and a drive circuit of each drive mechanism module in the display device using the shape memory alloy of the present invention of FIG. 15.
- FIG. 17 is a flowchart at the time of operation of the display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a main part of a second embodiment of the display device using the shape memory alloy of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a main part of a third embodiment of the display device using the shape memory alloy according to the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a main part of a fourth embodiment of the display device using the shape memory alloy according to the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a main part of a fifth embodiment of the display device using the shape memory alloy according to the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram schematically showing (a) the configuration of a display sheet writing device using a shape memory alloy according to the third embodiment of the present invention, and (b) a display sheet on which data is written. is there.
- FIG. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of a drive mechanism using a shape memory alloy according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a drive mechanism module in the drive mechanism, (a) is a plan view, and (a) is a plan view. b) is a sectional view.
- a drive mechanism 20 using a shape memory alloy has a plurality of drive mechanism modules 20a incorporated in a body.
- Each drive The mechanism module 20 a includes a plurality of sets of the first shape memory alloy coil 1 and the second shape memory alloy coil 2, the driving member 3, the fixing member 5, and the magnetic latch section 9, each of which is a common one.
- a substrate 4 having a drive circuit 4a.
- the driving member 3 has a pitch between adjacent driving members 3 of, for example, 1.27 mm.
- the substrate 4 has a terminal portion 4b on a lower edge thereof for connection to a connection portion in the drive mechanism 20.
- the board 4 is connected to a control section described later via the terminal section 4b.
- the substrate 4 may include a cover 14 surrounding the first shape memory alloy coil 1, the second shape memory alloy coil 2, the driving member 3 and the fixing member 4.
- the substrate 4 is a printed circuit board or the like, and has an opening 12 into which the first shape memory alloy coil 1 and the second shape memory alloy coil 2 are inserted.
- a wiring pattern 11 for supplying a current to the shape memory alloy coil 1 and the second shape memory alloy coil 2 and a wiring pattern (not shown) for connecting a drive circuit are formed.
- the first shape memory alloy coil 1, the second shape memory alloy coil 2, the driving member 3 and the fixing member 4 are movable in a non-contact manner with the substrate 4, and are held substantially parallel to the substrate 4. ing.
- the upper first shape memory alloy coil 1 and the lower second shape memory alloy coil 2 are connected to each other in series.
- a driving member 3 is connected to each of the first shape memory alloy coil 1 and the second shape memory alloy coil 2 via a fixing member 5.
- the first shape memory alloy coil 1 has an upper natural length portion 1a and a lower extension portion 1b connected in series, and this series connection portion is a series connection portion lc of the first shape memory alloy coil. is there.
- the second shape memory alloy coil 2 the lower natural length portion 2a and the upper extension portion 2b are connected in series, and this series connection portion is the second shape memory alloy coil.
- This is a series connection part 2c.
- the extension 1b of the first shape memory alloy coil 1 and the extension 2b of the second shape memory alloy coil 2 are connected to each other to form a common electrode 15.
- the common electrode 15 is connected to a common electrode wiring pattern 11 a on the substrate 4.
- One end of the natural length portion 1a of the first shape memory alloy coil 1 is connected to a ground electrode wiring pattern 1 lb.
- One end of the natural length portion 2a of the second shape memory alloy coil 2 is connected to the ground electrode wiring pattern 11c.
- each of the first shape memory alloy coil 1 and the second shape memory alloy coil 2 can be connected.
- An electric current can be supplied to heat.
- the drive circuit 4a the current supply to the first shape memory alloy coil 1 and the second shape memory alloy coil 2 can be selectively switched and controlled.
- the extension portion 1b of the first shape memory alloy coil 1 is contracted by heating, and the driving member 3 is displaced downward. Further, when a current is supplied to the lower second shape memory alloy coil 2, the extension 2b of the second shape memory alloy coil 2 is contracted by heating, and the driving member 3 is displaced upward.
- the driving member 3 is formed of a linear member such as a round bar or a square bar extending in the axial direction (vertical direction in FIG. 1), and the first shape memory alloy coil 1 and the Each of the shape memory alloy coils 2 is connected via a fixing member 5.
- the upper end of each driving member 3 is formed as a pin 3a having a larger diameter.
- the magnetic latch unit 9 includes a magnet plate 9c disposed above the substrate 4 and two magnetic tubes 9a and 9b.
- the magnet plate 9c is provided in common for each drive mechanism 20, and one for all drive mechanisms or one for a plurality of drive mechanisms appropriately divided.
- the magnet plate 9c is held at predetermined intervals with respect to the substrate 4 by spacers 9d, and a plurality of through holes 9 are provided so that the driving member 3 of each driving mechanism penetrates in a non-contact manner.
- the magnet is vertically magnetized so that the upper side is the N pole and the lower side is the S pole (see the up and down arrows in Fig. 2 (a)).
- the magnet plate 9c has an upper outer frame 9f surrounding the pins 3a of the driving member 3 displaced downward on the upper side.
- the fixed holding force due to the magnetic attraction of the driving member 3 by the magnetic latch portion 9 is selected to be smaller than the driving force of the first and second shape memory alloy coils 1 and 2.
- the magnetic material tips 9a and 9b are axially spaced below the pin 3a in a region between the portion of the driving member 3 extending upward from the upper edge of the substrate 4 and the tip of the driving member. And attached to the drive member 3.
- the magnetic tubes 9 a and 9 b are made of, for example, iron, nickel, or the like, and are fixed to the driving member 3.
- the magnetic latch section 9 is arranged above the substrate 4 and is configured separately from the substrate 4.
- the magnetic tubes 9b of the first and third drive members 3 from the left are fixedly held at the latch position, and the magnetic tubes 9 of the second and fourth drive members 3 from the left are 9a is fixedly held in the latch position.
- the magnetic plate 9 of the magnetic latch 9. Is integrally formed with the spacer 9 d and the outer frame 9 f and can be separated from the substrate 4 at the time of maintenance or the like of the drive mechanism 20.
- shape memory alloy used in the present invention.
- shape memory alloy Ti-Ni alloy and CuZn-A1 alloy are often used.
- heat energy is converted into kinetic energy by heating, and is expanded or contracted to its original shape. In order to increase the displacement at this time, it is effective to use a coil rather than a wire.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the shape and dimensions of the shape memory alloy coil.
- the coil has a pitch P, an average diameter of 13, a wire diameter d, a number of turns n, a dimension of Ll in a natural length portion, and a dimension of L2 in a stretched portion.
- the repetitive life of a shape memory alloy coil is determined by the amount of strain generated in the coil. Cycle life of the coil, the distortion amount becomes approximately about 10 e times with 1%, 2% in about 1 0 5 times. Therefore, for the shape of the shape memory alloy coil, the strain amount, that is, the displacement amount and the generated force may be calculated in consideration of the above equation and the repeated life.
- the drive mechanism using the shape memory alloy according to the first embodiment of the present invention operates as follows.
- FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate the operation of the drive mechanism using the shape memory alloy according to the first embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 4A shows a state without heating, and FIG. 4B shows a state when the shape memory alloy coil 2 is energized.
- (C) shows when the shape memory alloy coil 1 is energized, and the latch part is not shown.
- the positive terminal of the current source 13 is connected to the common power supply wiring pattern 11a, and the negative terminal is connected to the ground electrode pattern 1. 1c, a current is applied, and the second shape memory alloy coil 2 generates heat by Joule heat generated by the resistance and the flowing current.
- the extended portion 2b which is stretched beyond the natural length of the second shape memory alloy coil 2, contracts, and the natural length portion 2a is stretched.
- the driven member 3 contracts and moves upward in the drawing. Even when the current is stopped, the position of the driving member 3 is maintained by the latch portion 9 (FIG. 1).
- FIG. 4 (c) the negative terminal of the current source 13 is connected to the ground electrode wiring pattern 11 while the positive terminal of the current source 13 and the common power supply wiring pattern 11a remain connected.
- the first shape memory alloy coil 1 is heated. Due to this heat, the elongated portion 1b, which is stretched beyond the natural length of the first shape memory alloy coil 1, contracts, and the natural long portion 1a is stretched.
- the driven member 3 contracts and moves below the paper surface. Even when the current is stopped, the position of the driving member 3 is maintained by the latch portion 9 (FIG. 1).
- the driving member Since the positive terminal of the current source 13 is always connected to the common electrode wiring pattern 11a, the driving member is switched by switching the negative terminal of the current source 13 to the ground electrode wiring pattern 11b or 11c. 3 moves up and down, and a movement or displacement of ⁇ occurs as shown in the figure.
- ⁇ ⁇ displacement occurs, the difference of ⁇ ⁇ can be used for binary digital display by making it correspond to 0 or 1.
- the drive member 3 includes the magnetic tubes 9a and 9b, and the pulse is applied to each of the shape memory alloy coils 1 and 2. Since the displacement that occurs when a current is applied is immediately latched, there is no need for a current to hold the displacement. As a result, power consumption for displacing the driving member 3 of the driving mechanism 20 using the shape memory alloy can be significantly reduced.
- the case where there are two magnetic tubes 9a and 9b and the displacement is binary, that is, two stages, has been described. In order to make the displacement of the driving member more multi-step, the number of magnetic tubes to be latched may be reduced according to the number of displacement stages.
- the amount of current supplied to them may be changed.
- the displacement amount can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the drive member, the shape memory alloy coil, and the like, and the desired operation displacement amount can be obtained, and the operation displacement amount can be increased. Can be easily done.
- the drive member 3 is displaced by the heating and contraction of the extension portions lb, 2b of the first or second shape memory alloy coil.
- the extension portions lb and 2b of the second shape memory alloy coil may be configured as compression portions compressed from their natural length.
- the driving member 3 can be displaced by heating and expanding the compressed portion of the first or second shape memory alloy coil.
- the drive mechanism 20 using the shape memory alloy according to the first embodiment of the present invention has a structure in which the first and second shape memory alloy coils 1 and 2 and the drive member 3 are arranged on a plane on the substrate 4. Therefore, while the conventional pin driving device using a shape memory alloy coil in Patent Document 3 has a three-dimensional structure, the driving mechanism can be configured with a single board, and the number of parts is small. It is easy to assemble.
- the members of the drive mechanism 20 for the shape memory alloy coil can be configured on the substrate 4, the diameter of the shape memory alloy coils 1 and 2 can be made smaller, and the resistance of the shape memory alloy coils 1 and 2 is reduced , The current required for heating decreases. Since the diameter of the shape memory alloy coils 1 and 2 can be made smaller than that of Patent Document 3 of the conventional example, the heat capacity of the shape memory alloy coils 1 and 2 is reduced, heating can be performed in a short time, and at the same time, the shape memory Since the ratio of volume to surface area (volume / surface area) of alloy coils 1 and 2 is reduced, the heat accumulated in shape memory alloy coils 1 and 2 due to energized heating is quickly released to the outside air.
- the present invention can reduce the size of the device, increase the amount of operation displacement, drive with less power, and drive at high speed. Can be manufactured at low cost.
- FIG. 5 shows a configuration of a drive mechanism using a shape memory alloy according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- a drive mechanism 30 using a shape memory alloy has basically the same configuration as the drive mechanism module 20a shown in FIG. 1, and a magnetic latch section 31 is used instead of the magnetic latch section 9.
- the configuration is different only in that
- the magnetic latch portion 31 includes, at a portion extending upward from the upper edge of the substrate 4 of the driving member 3, one or a plurality of magnetic tubes 32 attached to the driving member 3, and the magnetic tube 3.
- a latch member 33 having two concave portions 33 a and 33 b axially spaced from each other in opposition to the two displacement regions, and a force member.
- the magnetic material cup 32 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape extending in the direction perpendicular to the paper of FIG. It is fixed to the driving member 3.
- the latch member 33 has a magnet 34 on a surface opposite to the surface having the concave portions 33a and 33b.
- the latch member 33 may be connected to the upper end of the cover 36 when the substrate 4 has the cover 36, or may be configured integrally with the cover 36. Instead of including the magnet 34, the latch member 33 itself may be formed of a magnet.
- the magnetic tube 32 In the drive mechanism 30 using the shape memory alloy, when a current is supplied to the second shape memory alloy coil 2 and the drive member 3 is displaced downward, the magnetic tube 32 attached to the drive member 3 The latch member 33 is displaced to a position facing the first concave portion 33a. Therefore, the magnetic tube 32 is magnetically attracted into the first recess 33a by the magnetic force of the magnet 34 on the back side, and is fixed and held in the axial direction.
- the magnetic tube 32 attached to the driving member 3 Is displaced to a position facing the concave portion 3 3 b of Therefore, the magnetic tube 32 is magnetically attracted into the second concave portion 33a by the magnetic force of the magnet 34 on the back side, and is fixed and held in the axial direction.
- a driving mechanism 40 using a shape memory alloy is provided with a rod 41 made of a magnetic material instead of the driving member 3 and the magnetic tube 32 in the driving mechanism 30 shown in FIG.
- the rod 4 is directly attached to the connection portion of the first and second shape memory alloy coils 1 and 2 by a fixing portion 5a such as soldering without passing through the force fixing member 5.
- the structure is different from that of the first embodiment in that it has a latch member 33 of the magnetic latch part 31 and three concave parts 33 a, 33 b, 33 c, 33 d and 33 e. I have.
- the rod 41 constitutes a driving member.
- the fixed part 5a of the mouth 41, the fixed part 5a of the first shape memory alloy coil 1, and the fixed part 5a of the second shape memory alloy coil supply power to the shape memory alloy coil, respectively.
- Lead wires 35a, 35b, and 35c are connected.
- the longitudinal direction of the first and second shape memory alloy coils 1 and 2 is referred to as an axial direction.
- the first shape memory alloy coil 1 is composed of an expanded portion or a compressed portion
- the gold coil 2 is also composed of an extension part or a compression part, and one ends of the extension part or the compression part of the first and second shape memory alloy coils are connected in series.
- the extension part or compression part of the first shape memory alloy coil 1 and the extension part or compression part of the second shape memory alloy coil 2 are connected in series.
- a series connection between one end of the extension part or the compression part of the first shape memory alloy coil 1 and one end of the extension part or the compression part of the second shape memory alloy coil 2 is connected to the rod 41 via the fixed part 5a.
- both ends of the first and second shape memory alloy coils 1 and 2 which are connected in series, that is, the other ends of the extension portion or the compression portion of the first and second shape memory alloy coils 1,
- the latch members 33 are connected to the upper surfaces of both ends where the concave portions 33a to 33e are not provided by fixing portions 5a such as soldering.
- Lead wires 35b and 35c are connected to the other ends of the first and second shape memory alloy coils 1 and 2, respectively, to serve as ground electrodes.
- the groove width is about 2 mm and the groove depth is about 1 mm.
- the diameter of the mouth 41 may be about 1 mm to 2 mm.
- the first and second shape memory alloy coils are selectively current-driven and heated by heating, and the heated first or second shape memory alloy coil contracts or expands.
- the rod 4 1 a plurality of concave portions of the latch member 3 3 3 3 a to the direction along the 3 3 e, i.e. is moved in the axial direction to magnetic adsorption rods 4 1 to the magnetic latch portion 3 1 by Can be fixedly held.
- the amount of displacement in the axial direction can be adjusted, so that the desired amount of operation displacement can be obtained. Can be easily increased.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view showing a configuration of a modification of the third embodiment of the drive mechanism using the shape memory alloy according to the present invention.
- the latch member 33 itself may be made of a magnet.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view showing a configuration example of an optical fiber switch 44 as an optical device using the drive mechanism 40 using the shape memory alloy shown in FIG.
- the rod 41 is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape to hold one end of the optical fiber 142, and to face the concave portions 33a to 33e of the latch member 33.
- An optical fiber switch 45 in which one end of each of the other optical fibers 43a to 43e is arranged at a position can also be formed.
- the rod 41 is displaced in multiple stages in the direction of the recesses 33a to 33e depending on the selective current supply and the amount of current supplied to the first and second shape memory alloy coils 1 and 2, and When fixedly held in the concave portions 33a to 33e of the optical fiber, one end of the optical fiber 42 held by the rod 41 is connected to one of the other optical fibers 43a to 43e. Optically connected to the part.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a modified example of the drive mechanism 40 using the shape memory alloy shown in FIG. 7 and the optical fiber switch 44 shown in FIG.
- a magnetic sensor array 45 is arranged on the opposite side of the recessed portions 33a to 33e of the latch member 33, and The magnetic sensors 45a to 45e may correspond to the recesses 33a to 43e, respectively.
- the magnetic sensors 45 a to 45 e corresponding to the recesses 33 a to 33 e in which the rod 41 is fixedly held detect this rod 41, and the rod 41 detects which recess 33 It is possible to detect whether switching has been made to a to 33 e.
- the drive mechanism 46 using this shape memory alloy can detect the concave portion, that is, the latch position by the magnetic sensor array 45 if the position of the concave portion of the rod 41 is set to an arbitrary position with a finger. It can also be used as a latch position sensor. By setting the position of the concave portion of the rod 41, it can also be used as an input device for that position.
- FIG. 10 shows a modification of the optical fiber switch shown in FIG.
- the optical fiber switch 47 has substantially the same configuration as the optical fiber switch 44 shown in FIG. 8, and is different only in that the optical fiber switch 47 is curved and fan-shaped as a whole.
- the optical fibers 43a to 43e are also arranged in a fan shape.
- the optical axis is radially arranged at the end facing the recessed portions 33a to 33e.
- the optical fiber switch 47 of this configuration operates in the same manner as the optical fiber switch 44 shown in FIG. 8, and one end of the optical fiber 142 held by the rod 41 is moved by the displacement of the rod 41. Move in an arc.
- the distance between these opposing optical fiber end faces can be kept constant, and the transmitted light intensity can also be kept constant.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective perspective view showing an endoscope 48 having a focusing mechanism as an optical device using the drive mechanism 40 shown in FIG.
- an optical fiber 110 1 for guiding light from a light source such as a light emitting diode (LED) (not shown) and a lens 102 are provided. 2 is driven by a drive mechanism 40 using a shape memory alloy.
- the lens 102 is fixed to a rod 41 made of a magnetic material of a drive mechanism 40 using a shape memory alloy with an adhesive or the like.
- the illustrated lens 102 is a biconvex lens, the lens 102 may be a plano-convex shape, a cylindrical shape, a spherical shape, or the like.
- the rod 41 is displaced in multiple steps in the direction of the recesses 33a to 33e by the selective current supply and the amount of current supplied to the first and second shape memory alloy coils 1 and 2, and When fixedly held in the concave portions 33a to 33e, the position of the lens 102 held by the rod 41 also changes. For this reason, the focal position 103 of the light emitted from the optical fiber 1 is changed by the lens 102 held by the drive mechanism 40 using the shape memory alloy (see the arrow A in FIG. 11), and the shape memory is stored.
- the lens 102 held by the drive mechanism 40 using the alloy operates as a focus adjustment mechanism.
- the number of the recesses is 33 a to 33 e. However, the number of the recesses and the interval between the recesses can be appropriately designed so as to obtain a desired focus adjustment.
- An accurate and low power consumption focusing mechanism can be realized by the drive mechanism 40 using a shape memory alloy.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective perspective view showing a configuration example of a liquid injector 49 using the drive mechanism 40 shown in FIG.
- the liquid injector includes a liquid chamber 105 and a syringe 106.
- the axis of the syringe 106 is driven by a drive mechanism 40 using a shape memory alloy.
- the shaft of the syringe 106 is fixed to the rod 41 made of a magnetic material of the drive mechanism 40 using a shape memory alloy by an adhesive or the like.
- the rod 41 is displaced in multiple steps in the direction of the recesses 33a to 33e by the selective current supply to the first and second shape memory alloy coils 1 and 2 and the amount of current supply,
- the position of the syringe 106 driven by the rod 41 also changes (see the arrow B in FIG. 12).
- the liquid in the liquid chamber 105 is injected outside through the opening 49a. Is done.
- the syringe 106 is displaced in the right direction of the arrow B, the liquid outside the liquid chamber 105 can be sucked into the liquid chamber 105 through the opening 49a.
- the position of the syringe 106 is fixed by the latch mechanism of the drive mechanism 40 using a shape memory alloy, so that the shape memory alloy can be driven only when liquid injection is necessary.
- An accurate and low power consumption liquid injector 49 can be realized by a drive mechanism 40 using a shape memory alloy.
- the liquid injector 49 can be used as a drug injector when the liquid in the liquid chamber 105 is a drug, for example. For example, a predetermined amount of drug can be accurately injected into a lesion by implanting a drug injector into a lesion in the body and driving a drive mechanism 40 using a shape memory alloy as necessary. .
- FIG. 13 shows a configuration of a main part of a fourth embodiment of a drive mechanism using a shape memory alloy according to the present invention.
- the drive mechanism 50 using the shape memory alloy has basically the same configuration as the drive mechanism 40 using the shape memory alloy shown in FIG. 6, but instead of the latch member 33.
- the configuration is different in that a latch member 51 is provided.
- the latch member 51 includes a flexible sheet 52 made of a flexible material and a magnetic latch portion 53 made of a magnetic material or a magnet formed on the flexible sheet 52. Between the latch portions 53, five concave portions 51a to 51e are defined.
- the mouth 41 is made of a magnet or a magnetic material.
- the drive mechanism 50 using this shape memory alloy has a structure in which the rod 41 is recessed by the selective current supply of the first and second shape memory alloy coils 1 and 2.
- the rod 41 is inserted into one of the recesses 51a to 51e corresponding to the displaced position. It is magnetically attracted by the magnetic force of the rod 3 or the rod 41, and is fixed and held in any of the concave portions.
- the rod 41 is selectively fixed and held in the five recesses 51a to 51e, thereby acting as a multi-stage actuator.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic side view showing a configuration example of a catheter bending mechanism using the drive mechanism shown in FIG.
- a drive mechanism 50 using this shape memory alloy is attached along the vicinity of the distal end of the catheter 54, and the rod 41 is connected to a movable part of a bending mechanism (not shown) of the catheter. Can also be connected.
- a rod is formed by the action of the drive mechanism 50 using a shape memory alloy.
- the bending state of the catheter 54 can be adjusted based on any of the positions of the recesses 51 a to 51 e where the 41 is fixedly held.
- the actuators utilizing the drive mechanisms 40, 50 of the present invention include optical fiber switches 44, 47, a lens focus adjustment mechanism 48, a liquid injector 49, a catheter 5 4 has been described, but the drive mechanism of the present invention can be applied not only to the optical device and the catheter, but also to an actuator of various devices.
- the drive mechanism of the present invention can be applied not only to the optical device and the catheter, but also to an actuator of various devices.
- the object to be driven can be anything. For example, a large number of mirrors arranged at high density can be driven. In this case, a matrix type optical switch that can selectively drive a large number of mirrors can be realized.
- the number of latch positions of the driving member 3 or the rod 41 is set to 2, 3, or 5, but it is apparent that 4 or 6 or more latch positions may be provided.
- the magnetic latch portions 9 and 31 are composed of a combination of a magnet 1 and a living body tube 9a, 9b and a magnet plate 9c, or a combination of a magnetic tube 32 and a latch member 33 having a concave portion.
- a magnetic latch unit having another configuration may be used.
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a display device using a shape memory alloy according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the display device 60 includes a drive mechanism 20 using a shape memory alloy, a display sheet 61 disposed thereon, and a control unit 62 (not shown) which will be described later.
- the display sheet 61 is placed on the upper surface of the magnet plate 9c above the substrate 4 and has through holes 61a corresponding to the respective through holes 9e of the magnet plate 9c. .
- through-holes 61a from which the pins 3a at the upper ends of the driving members 3 of the respective driving mechanisms selectively protrude are arranged in a two-dimensional plane, that is, in a dot matrix form.
- FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of a control unit and a drive circuit of each drive mechanism module in the display device using the shape memory alloy of the present invention of FIG. 15.
- the control unit 62 includes a computer 63 such as a personal computer and a control CPU 65 controlled from the computer 63 via an interface 64 such as a USB. Drive control of the 20a drive circuit 4a.
- the display data is created by the computer 63 and sent to the control CPU 65 via the interface 64 so that the control CPU 65 drives each drive mechanism 20 based on the display data.
- the control CPU 65 sends a control signal to the shift register 4c of each drive circuit 4a and sends serial data to the first drive circuit 4a.
- the serial data is sequentially transmitted to the shift register 4c of each drive circuit 4a by the so-called cascade connection of the shift registers 4c of each drive circuit 4a. Therefore, the number of wires between the control CPU 65 and the drive circuit 4 can be reduced because the control signal line for the shift register 4c and one serial data signal line can be reduced.
- Each of the driving members 3 is arranged at a pitch of, for example, 1.27 mm. However, in the case of displaying braille, by selectively moving every other driving member 3, a pitch of 2.5 mm can be obtained. And a so-called tactile display device.
- the display device 60 using the shape memory alloy according to the second embodiment of the present invention operates as follows.
- FIG. 17 is a flowchart at the time of operation of the display device 60 using the shape memory alloy according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- step ST 1 first, the computer 63 of the control unit 12 selects and reads the output data file created in advance, and transfers it to the control CPU 65 via the interface 64. I do.
- step ST2 the control CPU 65, based on the read output data file, stores the drive data of the lower second shape memory alloy coil 2 corresponding to the drive member 3 to be displaced downward. Then, in step ST3, data for driving the upper first shape memory alloy coil 1 corresponding to the driving member 3 to be displaced upward is processed.
- step ST4 the control CPU 65 transfers the drive data of the second shape memory alloy coil 2 processed in step ST2 to the drive circuit 4a of each drive mechanism module 20a.
- step ST5 each drive circuit 4a sequentially drives the corresponding second shape memory alloy coil 2 via the shift register 4c based on the drive data, and sets a predetermined setting. Wait for time.
- the drive member 3 to be displaced downward is displaced downward by supplying current to the second shape memory alloy coil 2 from the drive circuit 4a, and the magnetic tube 9a located above is moved to the magnet plate 9c. Due to the magnetic attraction, it is fixed and held at the latch position displaced downward.
- each drive circuit 4a sequentially drives the second shape memory alloy coil 2 via the shift register 4c, whereby each second shape memory alloy coil 2 is driven at high speed, and The member 3 can be displaced downward at high speed.
- step ST6 the driving of the corresponding second shape memory alloy coil 2 is stopped. At this time, even if the driving of the second shape memory alloy coil 2 is stopped, the driving members 3 displaced downward are fixedly held by the magnetic latch portions 9 respectively.
- step ST6 the control CPU 65 transfers the drive data of the first shape memory alloy coil 1 processed in step ST3 to the drive circuit of the drive mechanism module 20a using each shape memory alloy. 4 Transfer to a. Each drive circuit 4a goes to step ST7 Then, based on the driving data, the corresponding first shape memory alloy coils 1 are sequentially driven via the shift register 4c, and wait for a predetermined time.
- the drive member 3 to be displaced upward is supplied with current from the drive circuit 4a to the first shape memory alloy coil 1 and displaced upward, and the magnetic tube 9b located below is magnetized by the magnet plate 9c. It is sucked and fixedly held at the latch position displaced upward.
- each drive circuit 4a sequentially drives the first shape memory alloy coil 1 via the shift register 4c, each first shape memory alloy coil 1 is driven at high speed, and each drive member 3 Can be displaced upward at high speed.
- step ST8 the driving of the corresponding first shape memory alloy coil 1 is stopped. At this time, even if the driving of the first shape memory alloy coil 1 is stopped, the driving members 3 displaced upward are each fixedly held by the magnetic latch 9.
- one drive control of the drive mechanism 20 is completed, and the pins 3a of the selected drive member 3 protrude by a predetermined amount on the surface of the display sheet 61.
- Two-dimensional display of figures and the like is performed. Then, returning to step ST1 described above, the above operation is repeated, and two-dimensional display is successively performed sequentially.
- the display sheet 61 may be removable. Even if the display sheet 61 is removed, the pin 3a of the driving member 3 is held by the magnetic latch 9, so that the unevenness display formed by the pin 3a is not lost!
- the display device 70 using the shape memory alloy is a modified example of the display device 60 using the shape memory alloy described above, and the display sheet 61 also serves as the magnet plate 9 c of the magnetic latch unit 9. It is configured to In this case, the display sheet 61 includes a plate-like magnet whose surface area is vertically magnetized, and a lower plate 61b made of a non-magnetic material is disposed below the display sheet 61.
- the plate-shaped magnet and the lower plate 61b are provided with through holes 61a capable of receiving the pins 3a of the driving member 3 in a non-contact manner.
- the upper end 3b and the lower end 3c of the pin 3a of the driving member 3 are made of a magnetic material, and the middle is made of a non-magnetic material 3i. According to this configuration, like the first and third drive members 3 from the left in FIG.
- the magnetic body 3b at the upper end of the pin 3a is magnetically attracted to a plate-like magnet (magnet plate 9c), and the area below the pin 3a is It falls within the thickness of 1 a.
- the driving member 3 is displaced upward, as shown in the second, fourth, and fifth driving members 3 from the left in FIG. 18, the magnetic body 3b at the lower end of the pin 3a is shaped like a plate.
- the magnet (magnet plate 9 c) is magnetically attracted, and the area above the pin 3 a protrudes upward from the surface of the display sheet 61.
- a display device 80 using a shape memory alloy is a modified example of the above-described display device 70, and further has a non-magnetic display on the display sheet 61. It has a plate 61c.
- the upper position of the pin 3a of the driving member is the same as the surface position of the upper plate 61c. V, not pushed down further.
- a fourth embodiment of a display device using a shape memory alloy according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
- the display device 90 using this shape memory alloy has basically the same configuration as the display device 60 using the shape memory alloy shown in FIG.
- the control CPU 65 controls the drive members 3 of each drive mechanism module 20a to move downward, in the middle, and upward.
- each driving member 3 One of the magnetic tubes 9a, 9b, and 9g is magnetically attracted by the magnet plate 9c, and each latch position
- the display device 90 using the shape memory alloy has three gradations by the pin 3 a of each drive member 3 protruding in three steps on the surface of the display sheet 61. Display can be performed.
- a fifth embodiment of the display device using the shape memory alloy of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
- the display device 100 using this shape memory alloy is a modified example of the above-described display device 70 or 80, and is also used as the display sheet 61 and the magnetic plate 9c of the magnetic latch portion 9.
- the magnetic member 3 h is formed at five places between the upper end and the lower end 3 of the pin 3 a of the driving member 3, and the non-magnetic member 3 i is formed between them.
- the driving member 3 has the magnetic material 3h of the pin 3a magnetically attracted to a plate-like magnet (magnet plate 9c), and is fixedly held at each latch position. Is done. Therefore, the display device 90 using the shape memory alloy can display five gradations by protruding the pin 3a of each driving member 3 from the surface of the display sheet 11 in five steps.
- the driving member 3 includes the magnetic materials 3 b, 3 c, and 3 h, and supplies a current to each of the shape memory alloy coils 1 and 2 in a pulsed manner. Since the displacement that occurs when this occurs is immediately latched, no current is needed to hold the displacement. As a result, power consumption for applying displacement to the driving member of the driving mechanism 20 using the shape memory alloy can be significantly reduced. For this reason, if the height of the pins 3a arranged in two dimensions is driven in multiple steps, for example, a mountain shape on a map can be displayed in three dimensions with high accuracy and high speed with low power consumption. A three-dimensional display can be realized. In addition, by arranging a plurality of pins 3a in a line at a high density, it is possible to realize, for example, a display such as a playground equipment in which various parts move and various switches.
- the pin driving device using the shape memory alloy coil of Patent Document 3 of the related art has a three-dimensional structure, one substrate is used.
- the driving mechanism can be constituted by the above. For this reason, the number of parts is reduced and assembly is easy. In this way, the device can be made smaller than a conventional display device using a shape memory alloy coil, and can be driven with less power and at high speed, and can be manufactured at low cost.
- FIG. 22 shows a display sheet using a shape memory alloy according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing (a) the configuration of the printer and (b) a display sheet on which data is written.
- the display sheet writing device 110 using the shape memory alloy is composed of a drive mechanism module 20b using the shape memory alloy, a removable display sheet 1 1 1 and a display pin 1 1 2 disposed thereon. And a control unit 62 (not shown).
- the drive mechanism module 20b using the shape memory alloy has basically the same configuration as the drive mechanism 20a using the shape memory alloy, except that the drive mechanism module 20b using the shape memory alloy is provided.
- the display sheet 111 is composed of an upper plate 113 and a lower plate 115 made of non-magnetic material and a magnet plate 114 serving as a magnetic latch portion, and is formed at a position corresponding to the driving member 3.
- the holes 113a, 114a and 115a are open.
- the display pins 112 are detachably inserted into each of the driving members 3 in the upper direction of the paper, that is, in the axial direction.
- an opening may be provided at the uppermost part of the driving member 3 and the lower part 112c of the display pin may be fitted so as to be detachable.
- Display pins 1 1 2 are magnetic tube 1
- the display pins 1 1 and 2 are arranged in the up and down direction in accordance with the data, and the data is written in a concave and convex state (see FIG. 22 (b)). After detecting the data on the display sheet 1 1 1, the data can be erased by returning the display pins 1 1 2 to the original state without protruding.
- the configurations of the driving member 3, the driving mechanism, and the control unit 62 are the same as those of the display device using the shape memory alloy.
- the configuration of the display pins can be a desired multi-value display depending on the number of magnetic tubes.
- the display sheet writing device 110 using the shape memory alloy it is possible to write braille data and image data on the display sheet 111.
- the display sheet 111 thus manufactured is nonvolatile data because the display pin 112 is latched, and is touched anytime after writing. Or can be kept. After reading the data on the display sheet 111, the data can be erased in order to prevent rewriting and leakage of the data. Further, since the display sheet can be removed from the writing device, the display sheet can be used like printing paper.
- a display device capable of two-dimensional display of 10 ⁇ 10 shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 was prototyped.
- a linear 50 ⁇ Ni-Ti line was used.
- a tightly wound (no pitch) shape memory alloy coil with an outer diameter of 2 mm was manufactured.
- Pin 3 was a 0.3 mm diameter piano wire or brass wire.
- NdFeB was used as the magnet plate 9c of the magnetic latch part 9, and Ni tubes were used for the magnetic members 3b and 3c of the pins.
- each drive member 3 When the control signal for current drive to the shape memory alloy coil 1 or 2 is set to 120 mA / 0.3 seconds, each drive member 3 must be continuously displaced and latched in 0.3 seconds. Was completed. At that time, the holding force of the magnetic latch was about 10 gf, and the displacement was about 2 mm.
- the generated force, displacement and driving speed of the driving member 3 are values satisfying the driving speed of 8 gf and 0.8 mm displacement of the pin required for the braille display device and the stylus display device. Met.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
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US10/585,998 US7723896B2 (en) | 2004-01-20 | 2005-01-19 | Driving mechanism using shape memory alloys including a magnetic latch |
JP2005517150A JP4465684B2 (ja) | 2004-01-20 | 2005-01-19 | 形状記憶合金を用いた駆動機構及びこの駆動機構を備える装置 |
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JP2014075124A (ja) * | 2012-09-11 | 2014-04-24 | Univ Of Electro-Communications | 毛状で柔軟なユーザインタフェース |
CN104036672A (zh) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-09-10 | 游启麟 | 一种高续航低成本的便携式盲文点显器 |
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US7723896B2 (en) | 2010-05-25 |
JPWO2005069254A1 (ja) | 2007-11-01 |
US20080227060A1 (en) | 2008-09-18 |
JP4465684B2 (ja) | 2010-05-19 |
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