WO2005064589A1 - Transducteur d'ultrasons - Google Patents

Transducteur d'ultrasons Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2005064589A1
WO2005064589A1 PCT/EP2004/013208 EP2004013208W WO2005064589A1 WO 2005064589 A1 WO2005064589 A1 WO 2005064589A1 EP 2004013208 W EP2004013208 W EP 2004013208W WO 2005064589 A1 WO2005064589 A1 WO 2005064589A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ultrasonic transducer
transducer device
piezo elements
membrane
longitudinal section
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2004/013208
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Anton Lill
Nicolas Jecker
Thomas Jung
Jörg Weyland
Original Assignee
Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh filed Critical Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh
Publication of WO2005064589A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005064589A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
    • G10K9/12—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated
    • G10K9/122—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated using piezoelectric driving means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
    • G10K9/12—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated
    • G10K9/122—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated using piezoelectric driving means
    • G10K9/125—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated using piezoelectric driving means with a plurality of active elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an ultrasonic transducer device, in particular for a parking space measurement system in a motor vehicle.
  • a piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer is known in principle from the prior art, in particular from DE 195 12 417 AI.
  • the ultrasound transducer disclosed there comprises a plurality of lamellae made of piezoceramic material, which can be designed, for example, as a bending oscillator.
  • the individual slats are arranged either on a common cover plate (membrane) or on the individual slats individually assigned cover plates.
  • Such a design is particularly suitable for variable and different control with respect to frequency, phase position and / or amplitude of the individual lamellae, as a result of which both the radiation angle of the sound lobe and the direction of sound propagation, that is to say the overall directional characteristic, can generally be influenced within wide limits.
  • By actuation with arbitrarily selectable pulse patterns in space and time it is possible in principle to use the ultrasound transducer to arrange bodies in their vicinity in space, to determine their distance, size and position and to track their movement.
  • an ultrasonic transducer with a membrane that can be excited to vibrate is known from German published patent application DE 101 38 892 A1, the area of which is limited by vibration-damping means.
  • a plurality of piezo elements are arranged on the membrane, which can be excited with the aid of a control device in order to control the To make the membrane vibrate.
  • the ultrasonic transducer has a cup-shaped housing, the bottom of which is partially designed as a membrane.
  • the membrane is advantageously delimited by the walls of the cup-shaped housing; that is, the walls of the housing form the anti-vibration means which delimit the membrane surface.
  • the membrane and the housing can be formed in one piece.
  • the membrane can be produced, for example, using end mills.
  • This object is achieved by the ultrasonic transducer device claimed in claim 1.
  • This ultrasonic transducer device is characterized in that the vibration-damping means delimit the surface of the membrane in a cross shape in the form of two intersecting longitudinal sections.
  • the provision of a second longitudinal section in addition to the first longitudinal section, which is generally known from the prior art, and the cruciform arrangement of these two longitudinal sections in the geometric configuration of the membrane surface advantageously enable a significantly enlarged range or variety of different directional characteristics in the overall sound field of the ultrasonic transducer device compared to the total sound fields of State of the art ultrasonic transducer devices.
  • Advantageous in the claimed The configuration of the ultrasound transducer device, in particular in the case of its membrane, is furthermore such that this expanded range of directional characteristics can be implemented without the overall dimension of the ultrasound transducer device having to be enlarged. It is furthermore advantageous that the enlargement of the possible adjustable directional characteristics can be realized with very limited additional costs.
  • the area of the pot bottom, i.e. the membrane, is usually that part of the housing which is exposed to any environmental influences when the ultrasonic transducer device is installed in a motor vehicle.
  • a one-piece design of the housing and the membrane has the advantage that there is no transition between the membrane and the housing, but rather that the housing rather at least in the region of its pot bottom, i.e. the membrane is completely closed.
  • the piezo elements installed therein are effectively shielded against any harmful environmental influences due to the closed construction of the housing.
  • the individual piezo elements are advantageously uniformly distributed over the first and the second longitudinal section and can be activated or controlled independently of one another, but preferably in sections. If the ultrasound transducer device is installed such that the longitudinal axis of the first longitudinal section is aligned horizontally and the longitudinal axis of the second section is aligned vertically, suitable control can be used to adjust a horizontally narrow and vertically wide, a horizontally wide and vertically narrow or a horizontally and vertically narrow, for example Generate sound field. These three different directional characteristics are for the detection of differently positioned objects respectively Obstacles in relation to the position of the ultrasonic transducer device are differently suited.
  • the ultrasonic transducer device designed according to the invention enables a more precise determination of the distance from obstacles delimiting the parking space and their contours.
  • a cost saving without significant losses in the detection capability of the ultrasonic transducer device is achieved according to the invention in that no piezo element is arranged in the region of an intersection of the two longitudinal sections.
  • Excitation of the piezo elements of the two longitudinal sections with different transmission frequencies advantageously enables an assignment of received echo signals to the piezo elements as ultrasonic transmitters in the individual longitudinal sections, even when these echo signals are received at the same time. This distinction is made by frequency-selective filtering of the received echo signals.
  • the piezo elements are preferably in longitudinal sections either as a longitudinal oscillator, ie as a rod or rod made of piezoelectric material, or as Radial oscillator, ie as a flat disc or cylinder made of piezoelectric material.
  • Figure 1 shows the structure of the ultrasonic transducer device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a first cross section through the ultrasound transducer device designed according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a second cross section through the ultrasonic transducer device designed according to the invention
  • FIG. 4a shows the directional characteristic when the piezo elements of a first longitudinal section are activated
  • FIG. 4b shows the profile of the directional characteristic when the piezo elements according to FIG. 4a are activated
  • FIG. 5a shows the directional characteristic when the piezo elements of a second longitudinal section are activated
  • FIG. 5b shows a profile of the directional characteristic of the ultrasound transducer device, as is produced when the piezo elements are excited in the second longitudinal section.
  • Figure 1 shows the structure of an ultrasonic transducer device 100 according to the invention. It is used in particular in parking space measurement systems installed in the side area of a motor vehicle.
  • Ultrasonic transducer device 100 comprises a cup-shaped housing, a part of the bottom of which is designed as a membrane 140.
  • the membrane is delimited by the walls 130 'of the housing 130 as vibration-damping means.
  • the housing and the membrane can be formed in one piece, preferably from metal, for example aluminum.
  • FIG. 1 shows a view into the interior of the pot-shaped housing 130 on the pot base and in particular the membrane 140.
  • the piezo elements can be designed both as a bending oscillator and as a piston oscillator.
  • the surface of the membrane 140 is cruciform in the form of a first and a second intersecting longitudinal section A-B, C-D. Accordingly, a first group of piezo elements 110-4, 110-2 and 110-5 assigned to the first longitudinal section A-B can be distinguished from a second group of piezo elements 110-1, 110-2 and 110-3 assigned to the second longitudinal section C-D.
  • the piezo element 110-2 was assigned to both the first and the second longitudinal section because it lies in the region of intersection of the two longitudinal sections AB and CD.
  • This central piezo element 110-2 can also be omitted in the ultrasonic transducer device 100 according to the invention. This saves costs without the functionality of the Ultrasonic transducer device 100 would be significantly restricted thereby.
  • the control is preferably carried out in such a way that an overall sound field of the ultrasonic transducer device 100 resulting from a superposition of the sound fields of the individual piezo elements has a desired directional characteristic.
  • Various methods for particularly advantageous control of the piezo elements are described below by way of example with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • FIG. 2 shows a first cross section through the ultrasound transducer device 100 designed according to the invention along the section line II according to FIG. 1.
  • the housing 130 and the membrane 140 are made in one piece from metal. It should be pointed out that the thickness of the membrane, even with this first cross section II, with a thickness of only a few ⁇ m, for example, is considerably thinner than the wall 130 'of the housing 130 delimiting the membrane 140.
  • the lines a and b in FIG. 2 represent the corner points of the walls 130 'according to the invention according to FIG. 1.
  • the piezo elements 110-4, 110-2 and 110-5 arranged on the inside of the housing on the membrane 140 can be seen.
  • the piezo elements are preferably designed as bending vibrators and are then operated in a radial mode, that is to say they expand in the radial direction, that is to say in the direction of the membrane plane. Because of this direction of expansion and its presupposed fixed Connected to the membrane 140, the membrane is forced to bend when the piezo elements 110-4, 110-2 and 110-5 are excited by the control device 120; more precisely, the membrane then swings in the radiation direction R.
  • FIG. 3 shows a second cross section through the converter device 100 designed according to the invention along the section II-II in FIG. 1. This figure shows that the walls 130 ′ of FIG.
  • Ultrasonic transducer device 130 in the sectional plane shown here are much thicker than in the sectional plane according to FIG. 2.
  • the piezo element 110-3 on the membrane 140 inside the housing of the ultrasonic transducer device can be seen here.
  • the structural design of the membrane of the ultrasound transducer device 100 illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 has the advantage that it can be implemented inexpensively, for example by face milling cutters or extrusion presses.
  • the individual piezo elements are controlled independently of one another by the control unit 120 of the ultrasound transducer device 100 in accordance with a method according to the invention.
  • different directional characteristics of the overall sound field emitted by the ultrasound transducer device 100 can be implemented.
  • the different directional characteristics inevitably lead to different received echo signals because the sound waves of the emitted sound field are then reflected in different ways at obstacles in the vicinity of the ultrasound transducer device 100.
  • the individual piezo elements are preferably not arbitrary, but in groups according to the above-mentioned first or second longitudinal sections AB, CD driven. This has proven to be advantageous in particular for the use of the claimed ultrasonic transducer device for parking space measurement.
  • the device is preferably installed in a vehicle such that the first longitudinal section AB with the piezo elements 110-4, 110-2 and 110-5 is horizontal and the second longitudinal section CD with the piezo elements 110-1 and 110-3 is aligned vertically to the road surface.
  • Ultrasonic transducer device 100 then generates a vertically oriented sound field, as indicated by the dashed line in FIG. 4a.
  • a vertically oriented sound field With a suitable arrangement and alignment of the ultrasound transducer device 100 in the vehicle, that is to say in particular with a suitable inclination, at least parts of this vertically oriented sound field will also reach the road surface and can be reflected on said deep-lying obstacles.
  • FIG. 4b shows the profile or the cross section of the sound field according to FIG. 4a, as can be seen when the ultrasound transducer device 100 is installed in the side region of the vehicle and the sound field is viewed in the vertical direction.
  • the club in Figure 4b is relatively slender in the horizontal direction.
  • the piezo elements are not of the first longitudinal section CD, but rather the piezo elements of the second group, that is to say the piezo elements 110-1, 110-2 and 110-3, are preferably activated simultaneously.
  • the ultrasound transducer device 100 then forms a sound field, as indicated by the dashed line in FIG. 5a.
  • this sound field is now oriented horizontally, which can also be seen in FIG. 5b when the sound field is viewed in the vertical direction, that is to say perpendicular to the plane of the paper or roadway.
  • Such a horizontally wide-aligned ultrasound field is particularly well suited for the detection of narrow obstacles or obstacles, the reflection surfaces of which are at an unfavorable angle to the
  • Ultrasonic transducer device 100 are. Such obstacles are, in particular, the fenders of a motor vehicle parked on the side of the road when it limits a parking space.
  • the piezo elements 110-1 ... -5 are actuated simultaneously. This then results in a narrow, slender sound field (not shown) with a radiation direction perpendicular to the plane of the membrane 140.
  • This sound field is essentially rotationally symmetrical, that is to say is not particularly pronounced in either the vertical or the horizontal direction.
  • Such a sound field is particularly well suited for the detection of obstacles that are located at a great distance from the ultrasound transducer device.
  • CD makes sense to operate the piezo elements in the two longitudinal sections with different transmission frequencies.
  • This has the advantage that the associated received echo signals also have these two frequencies.
  • suitable frequency filters it is then possible to draw conclusions about the piezo element or the longitudinal section which was responsible for generating the received echo signal in the case of a received echo signal on the basis of its frequency.
  • the described assignment of piezo elements and echo signal can also be realized without activating the piezo elements with different transmission frequencies and without using the said frequency filter.
  • the method according to the invention is preferably implemented in the form of a computer program for the control device 120 of the ultrasound transducer device 100.
  • This computer program can optionally be stored on a data carrier together with other computer programs.
  • the data carrier can be a floppy disk, a compact disc, a so-called flash memory or the like.
  • the computer program stored on the data carrier can then be transferred to a customer or sold as a product.
  • the computer program can also be transmitted to the customer without the aid of the data carrier, for example via an electronic communication network, in particular the Internet.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un transducteur d'ultrasons, notamment pour un système de mesure d'espace libre de stationnement dans une automobile. Les transducteurs d'ultrasons de ce type connus comprennent une membrane qui présente une pluralité d'éléments piézo-électriques. La surface de la membrane (140) est généralement délimitée par des systèmes amortisseurs de vibrations, en particulier les parois (130') d'un boîtier (130) de transducteur d'ultrasons. L'objectif de la présente invention est d'élargir la gamme de caractéristiques directionnelles potentiellement réalisables d'un tel transducteur d'ultrasons et ce, de la manière la plus économique et la plus compacte possible. A cette fin, les systèmes amortisseurs de vibrations délimitent la surface de la membrane en formant une croix, sous forme de deux sections longitudinales qui se croisent.
PCT/EP2004/013208 2003-12-19 2004-11-20 Transducteur d'ultrasons WO2005064589A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10361316.1 2003-12-19
DE10361316.1A DE10361316B4 (de) 2003-12-19 2003-12-19 Ultraschallwandlervorrichtung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005064589A1 true WO2005064589A1 (fr) 2005-07-14

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2004/013208 WO2005064589A1 (fr) 2003-12-19 2004-11-20 Transducteur d'ultrasons

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DE (1) DE10361316B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005064589A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7540194B2 (en) * 2005-03-01 2009-06-02 Denso Corporation Ultrasonic sensor having transmission device and reception device of ultrasonic wave
WO2013139550A1 (fr) * 2012-03-22 2013-09-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Capteur d'ultrasons et procédé de mesure de la distance d'un objet
CN105393137A (zh) * 2013-06-11 2016-03-09 罗伯特·博世有限公司 具有宽频带的接收元件的声变换器阵列
EP3425424A4 (fr) * 2016-03-04 2019-03-20 Chen, Wuqiang Procédé de détection d'onde ultrasonore de véhicule et capteur
EP2650055B1 (fr) * 2012-04-12 2019-11-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Agencement de capteurs et procédé destinés à l'enregistrement de l'environnement d'un véhicule

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005042596A1 (de) * 2005-09-07 2007-04-26 Siemens Ag Ultraschallschwingungswandler
DE102008018110B4 (de) 2007-04-12 2022-10-06 Volkswagen Ag Nicht sichtbarer Ultraschallsensor
DE102008027970B4 (de) * 2008-06-12 2013-04-04 Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. Ultraschallsensor
DE102009040264A1 (de) 2009-09-04 2011-03-10 Volkswagen Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung oder zum Empfang von Ultraschallwellen sowie Ultraschallmessvorrichtung und Fahrzeug
DE102013211612A1 (de) * 2013-06-20 2014-12-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Ultraschallwandleranordnung und Kraftfahrzeug mit einer Ultraschallwandleranordnung
DE102015007698B4 (de) * 2015-06-18 2018-11-15 Baumer Electric Ag Sensorvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Distanzmessung mittels Ultraschall
DE102016122742A1 (de) * 2016-11-25 2018-05-30 Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh Ultraschallsensorvorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit zwei verschiedenen Wandlereinrichtungen, Sensoranordnung, Fahrerassistenzsystem, Kraftfahrzeug sowie Verfahren

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5446332A (en) * 1990-08-04 1995-08-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Ultrasonic transducer
EP0679907A2 (fr) * 1994-04-29 1995-11-02 The Whitaker Corporation Dispositif de mesure d'une courte distance à ultrasons
DE10009129A1 (de) * 2000-02-26 2001-08-30 Volkswagen Ag Ultraschallsensor
EP1202249A1 (fr) * 2000-10-26 2002-05-02 Imra Europe S.A. Transducteur étanche pour une array à demi-longeur d'onde
EP1283516A2 (fr) * 2001-08-08 2003-02-12 Valeo Schalter und Sensoren GmbH Transducteur à ultrasons avec une membrane entraínable et avec un vibreur piézoélectrique disposé sur cette membrane

Family Cites Families (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5768999A (en) * 1980-10-17 1982-04-27 Olympus Optical Co Ltd Ultrasonic wave probe
DE3721209C2 (de) * 1987-06-26 1997-04-30 Grieshaber Vega Kg Schall-/Ultraschallmeßgerät
DE19512417C2 (de) * 1995-04-03 1997-02-06 Marco Systemanalyse Entw Piezoelektrischer Ultraschallwandler

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5446332A (en) * 1990-08-04 1995-08-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Ultrasonic transducer
EP0679907A2 (fr) * 1994-04-29 1995-11-02 The Whitaker Corporation Dispositif de mesure d'une courte distance à ultrasons
DE10009129A1 (de) * 2000-02-26 2001-08-30 Volkswagen Ag Ultraschallsensor
EP1202249A1 (fr) * 2000-10-26 2002-05-02 Imra Europe S.A. Transducteur étanche pour une array à demi-longeur d'onde
EP1283516A2 (fr) * 2001-08-08 2003-02-12 Valeo Schalter und Sensoren GmbH Transducteur à ultrasons avec une membrane entraínable et avec un vibreur piézoélectrique disposé sur cette membrane

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7540194B2 (en) * 2005-03-01 2009-06-02 Denso Corporation Ultrasonic sensor having transmission device and reception device of ultrasonic wave
US7712368B2 (en) * 2005-03-01 2010-05-11 Denso Corporation Ultrasonic sensor having transmission device and reception device of ultrasonic wave
WO2013139550A1 (fr) * 2012-03-22 2013-09-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Capteur d'ultrasons et procédé de mesure de la distance d'un objet
CN104204844A (zh) * 2012-03-22 2014-12-10 罗伯特·博世有限公司 用于测量对象间距的超声波传感器和方法
EP2650055B1 (fr) * 2012-04-12 2019-11-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Agencement de capteurs et procédé destinés à l'enregistrement de l'environnement d'un véhicule
CN105393137A (zh) * 2013-06-11 2016-03-09 罗伯特·博世有限公司 具有宽频带的接收元件的声变换器阵列
CN105393137B (zh) * 2013-06-11 2019-01-01 罗伯特·博世有限公司 具有宽频带的接收元件的声变换器阵列
EP3425424A4 (fr) * 2016-03-04 2019-03-20 Chen, Wuqiang Procédé de détection d'onde ultrasonore de véhicule et capteur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10361316B4 (de) 2015-08-27
DE10361316A1 (de) 2005-07-21

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