EP2031580B1 - Capteur à ultrasons doté d'un élément de support et d'une membrane, la membrane étant installée dans l'élément de support - Google Patents

Capteur à ultrasons doté d'un élément de support et d'une membrane, la membrane étant installée dans l'élément de support Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2031580B1
EP2031580B1 EP20080104810 EP08104810A EP2031580B1 EP 2031580 B1 EP2031580 B1 EP 2031580B1 EP 20080104810 EP20080104810 EP 20080104810 EP 08104810 A EP08104810 A EP 08104810A EP 2031580 B1 EP2031580 B1 EP 2031580B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
diaphragm
carrier element
ultrasound sensor
membrane
core
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP20080104810
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2031580A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Knoll
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2031580A1 publication Critical patent/EP2031580A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
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Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
    • G10K9/18—Details, e.g. bulbs, pumps, pistons, switches or casings
    • G10K9/20—Sounding members

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an ultrasonic sensor having a carrier element, with a membrane and with an actuator which is connected to the membrane, wherein in the carrier element and the membrane, a dilution region for enabling the vibration of the membrane is present.
  • Ultrasonic sensors are known from the prior art. Ultrasonic sensors are used in vehicles to detect the distance to objects.
  • An ultrasonic sensor is about from the US 6 639 339 B1 known.
  • a membrane is mounted on a porous layer structure and occupied by metallic electrodes. There is a gap between the membrane and the porous layer structure.
  • the membrane rests on the porous layer structure and is connected to it in a conventional manner.
  • the porous layer structure is in turn connected to a carrier structure.
  • a spacing element is present between the membrane and the porous layer structure.
  • Ultrasonic sensors known from the prior art which are also referred to as ultrasonic oscillators, have the disadvantage that they only work in narrowband mode, ie they emit light only in a specific, narrow frequency range. Although it is possible to use integer multiples of the natural frequency when using piezo-ultrasonic sensors due to appropriate excitation, it is not possible to use a wide Frequency range to use.
  • Piezo-ultrasonic sensors have a membrane, to which a piezoelectric element is applied. The piezo elements are usually glued on. Although a piezoelectric element has the advantage that it can very quickly result in movement due to electrical stimulation, however, such a piezoelectric element is very brittle. At high pressure, especially at high sudden pressure, such as a shock, these brittle piezo elements often break, resulting in a total failure of such an ultrasonic sensor.
  • An inventive ultrasonic sensor can enable the detection of objects in terms of shape and texture, so that in parking systems a more complex environment can be modeled. As a result, entry and Ausparkvortician for motor vehicles can be controlled much better.
  • the actuator comprises a coil with ferromagnetic core, wherein the core is so in connection with the membrane that movement of the core causes movement of the membrane.
  • An embodiment of the actuator as Coil with ferromagnetic core requires more space than a piezo element, but is much more robust.
  • different frequencies of the ultrasonic sensor can be emitted independently of the natural frequency of the actuator.
  • the core is connected to the membrane, preferably via a metal plate.
  • a metal plate allows the use of low-cost construction materials, which are particularly durable.
  • the dilution range is caused by grooves introduced into the carrier element, it is possible to set the diaphragm to vibrate according to the desired degree.
  • the preparation of the dilution region can not only be particularly cost-effective, but also with the aid of known and numerous existing tools.
  • the thickness of the dilution zone can be adjusted to a predetermined value in a symmetrical manner.
  • a further advantageous embodiment is achieved when the grooves are made on the top and bottom of the support element, preferably circular for the realization of a circularly symmetrical emission characteristic.
  • the production times can be significantly reduced if the membrane and the carrier element consist of an integral component.
  • the decoupling elements can then be produced particularly inexpensively if they are made of rubber and are preferably rubber buffers.
  • the support member is a preferably molded plastic bumper of a motor vehicle, so can dispense with additional elements, which reduces the production times and increases the ease of maintenance.
  • FIG. 1 shows an ultrasonic sensor 1 with a support member 2 and a membrane 3.
  • the support member 2 is formed as a bumper of a motor vehicle.
  • the membrane 3 is surrounded on all sides by a dilution area 4.
  • the dilution region 4 has semi-circular or circular recesses 5, which are also referred to as grooves.
  • the recesses 5 are placed on the top and bottom or only on one of the two sides of the carrier element 2 in this. Between the recesses 5 webs 6 are present.
  • a damping element is present in the carrier element 2.
  • the damping element is listed as Entkoppelungselement 7.
  • the decoupling element 7 is in this case, for example, in the form of a hollow cylinder such that the dilution region 4 and the membrane 3 are located in the interior of the hollow cylinder.
  • two decoupling elements 7 completely separate a region of the carrier element 2 from the remaining carrier element 2, that the two dilution regions 4 and the membrane 3 are located within these decoupling elements 7.
  • the dilution regions 4 are formed separately from each other, so that the membrane 3 extends from one end of the support element 2 to the other, i. in the cutting plane from the front or back.
  • the actuator 8 comprises a coil 9 and a ferromagnetic core 10.
  • the ferromagnetic core 10 is movable relative to the coil 9. In the illustrated embodiment, the core 10 is movable along the arrow A, such that the core 10 penetrates into the coil 9, and also out of it is designed to be moved out, depending on the application of electrical energy.
  • the ferromagnetic core 10 is connected to a metal plate 11. Also plates of other material, such as rigid plastic, are usable. The kinetic energy is transmitted to the membrane 3 via the metal plate 11.
  • a plastic part is inserted into the outer skin of a bumper.
  • the plastic part is formed in the present case as a carrier element 2.
  • a dilution region 4 is formed, it is also possible, this dilution region 4 only on one side of the support element, ie left and right of the membrane on the underside of the support element or on the top of the To attach carrier element. This makes it possible that the structure of the dilution region 4 is not visible to an observer looking from the outside onto the bumper.
  • the membrane 3 in FIG. 1 is movable in the direction of arrow A up and down. This makes it possible to send several tones simultaneously with this structure and also to modulate them in their frequency. It is thus created an ultrasonic sensor, with which the sound emission of a bat can be partially reproduced. In addition, this ultrasonic sensor has some robust mechanical properties and is much better protected against the risk of damage by stone impact than is the case with conventional ultrasonic sensors with a membrane and glued piezo element. It is possible to use a high sound pressure of about 120 dB and at the same time send out three harmonics. Ie signals over three octaves, for example.
  • CF-FM signal is understood as meaning constant frequency-frequency modulated signals.
  • About the frequency deviation can also be close to the shape of the object to be detected, which can be found on the different frequencies, the nature of the object in the way.
  • a movement of the membrane 3 can result, which leads to the emission of sound signals, in particular of ultrasonic signals.
  • Their echo can be collected via suitable sensors and determined by determining the duration of the distance to the object.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Capteur à ultrasons (1) pour mesurer des distances avec un élément de support (2), une membrane (3) et un actionneur (8) qui est connecté à la membrane (3), une région d'amincissement (4) pour permettre l'oscillation de la membrane (3) étant prévue entre l'élément de support (2) et la membrane (3), la membrane (3) étant encastrée dans l'élément de support (2), et l'actionneur (8) comprenant une bobine (9) avec un noyau ferromagnétique (10), le noyau (10) étant en liaison fonctionnelle avec la membrane (3) de telle sorte qu'un mouvement du noyau (10) provoque un mouvement de la membrane (3), caractérisé en ce que le noyau (10) est connecté à la membrane (3) par le biais d'une plaque métallique (11).
  2. Capteur à ultrasons (1) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'actionneur (8) comprend une bobine (9) avec un noyau ferromagnétique (10), le noyau (10) étant en liaison fonctionnelle avec la membrane (3) de telle sorte qu'un mouvement du noyau (10) provoque un mouvement de la membrane (3).
  3. Capteur à ultrasons (1) selon la revendication 2, dans lequel le noyau (10) est connecté à la membrane (3), de préférence par le biais d'une plaque métallique (11).
  4. Capteur à ultrasons (1) selon la revendication 1, 2, ou 3, dans lequel la région d'amincissement (4) est réalisée par des rainures pratiquées dans l'élément de support (2).
  5. Capteur à ultrasons (1) selon la revendication 4, dans lequel les rainures sont réalisées sur le côté supérieur et inférieur de l'élément de support (2), de préférence en forme de demi-cercle pour réaliser une caractéristique de rayonnement sélective avec une plage d'émission restreinte verticalement pour éviter les échos du sol.
  6. Capteur à ultrasons (1) selon la revendication 4, dans lequel les rainures sont réalisées sur le côté supérieur et inférieur de l'élément de support (2), de préférence en forme de cercle pour réaliser une caractéristique de rayonnement à symétrie circulaire.
  7. Capteur à ultrasons (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel la membrane (3) et l'élément de support (2) se composent d'un composant intégral.
  8. Capteur à ultrasons (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel, entre la membrane (3) et l'élément de support (2) sont prévus des éléments de désaccouplement (7) des deux côtés de la membrane (3), désaccouplant la membrane (3) de l'élément de support (2), lesquels empêchent un transfert des bruits corporels de la membrane (3) à l'élément de support (2) et inversement.
  9. Capteur à ultrasons (1) selon la revendication 8, dans lequel les éléments de désaccouplement (7) se composent de caoutchouc et sont de préférence des tampons en caoutchouc.
  10. Capteur à ultrasons (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, dans la mesure où l'élément de support (2) est un pare-chocs d'un véhicule automobile de préférence formé en plastique.
  11. Procédé pour mesurer des distances à des objets situés à une certaine distance d'un capteur avec un capteur à ultrasons selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10.
EP20080104810 2007-09-03 2008-07-21 Capteur à ultrasons doté d'un élément de support et d'une membrane, la membrane étant installée dans l'élément de support Expired - Fee Related EP2031580B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200710041850 DE102007041850A1 (de) 2007-09-03 2007-09-03 Ultraschallsensor mit einem Trägerelement und einer Membran, wobei die Membran in das Trägerelement eingebettet ist

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2031580A1 EP2031580A1 (fr) 2009-03-04
EP2031580B1 true EP2031580B1 (fr) 2010-09-29

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20080104810 Expired - Fee Related EP2031580B1 (fr) 2007-09-03 2008-07-21 Capteur à ultrasons doté d'un élément de support et d'une membrane, la membrane étant installée dans l'élément de support

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2031580B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101384101B (fr)
DE (2) DE102007041850A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2473676B8 (fr) * 2009-08-31 2018-11-21 Compagnie Générale des Etablissements Michelin Procédé et appareil pour déterminer la profondeur d' un élément métallique dans un matériau en caoutchouc ou élastomère
DE102010049818A1 (de) 2010-10-27 2012-05-03 Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh Anordnung mit einem Außenverkleidungselement und einer Haltevorrichtung, Fahrzeug mit einer Anordnung und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Anordnung
DE102010049820A1 (de) 2010-10-27 2012-05-03 Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh Anordnung mit einem Außenverkleidungselement, Fahrzeug mit einer Anordnung und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Anordnung
DE102012208059B4 (de) * 2012-05-14 2022-05-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Trägerelement mit integrierter Sensoreinheit
EP2829841A1 (fr) * 2013-07-22 2015-01-28 Voestalpine Stahl GmbH Procédé et dispositif pour positionner un capteur et/ou actuateur sans contact
DE102015207309A1 (de) * 2015-04-22 2016-10-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Aussenden akustischer Signale in eine Primärrichtung und/oder Empfangen akustischer Signale aus der Primärrichtung
DE102016101007B4 (de) 2016-01-21 2022-12-01 Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh Ultraschallsensor für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit wasserundurchlässiger Abdeckeinrichtung, Fahrerassistenzsystem sowie Kraftfahrzeug
DE102018105268B3 (de) 2018-03-07 2019-04-25 Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Ultraschallwandlung

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4232254A1 (de) 1992-07-21 1994-04-07 Siemens Ag Ultraschallprüfverfahren
US5728089A (en) * 1993-06-04 1998-03-17 The Regents Of The University Of California Microfabricated structure to be used in surgery
JP3501860B2 (ja) * 1994-12-21 2004-03-02 日本碍子株式会社 圧電／電歪膜型素子及びその製造方法
GB9704486D0 (en) * 1997-03-04 1997-04-23 New Transducers Ltd Acoustic devices etc
US6028389A (en) * 1998-05-26 2000-02-22 The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. Micromachined piezoelectric transducer
US6639339B1 (en) 2000-05-11 2003-10-28 The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. Capacitive ultrasound transducer
DE10360800B4 (de) * 2003-12-23 2006-03-23 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Abstandssensor zur Verwendung bei Einparkhilfen in Kraftfahrzeugen
JP5064384B2 (ja) * 2005-05-31 2012-10-31 エモ・ラブズ・インコーポレーテッド 環境状態に感応するダイアフラム膜及び支持構造

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101384101B (zh) 2014-04-30
DE502008001428D1 (de) 2010-11-11
DE102007041850A1 (de) 2009-03-05
CN101384101A (zh) 2009-03-11
EP2031580A1 (fr) 2009-03-04

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