WO2005035179A1 - Procede d'assemblage de deux pieces par soudage par fusion, avec utilisation de detecteurs permettant de localiser des cavites dans les pieces - Google Patents

Procede d'assemblage de deux pieces par soudage par fusion, avec utilisation de detecteurs permettant de localiser des cavites dans les pieces Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005035179A1
WO2005035179A1 PCT/EP2004/010832 EP2004010832W WO2005035179A1 WO 2005035179 A1 WO2005035179 A1 WO 2005035179A1 EP 2004010832 W EP2004010832 W EP 2004010832W WO 2005035179 A1 WO2005035179 A1 WO 2005035179A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
workpieces
bead
depression
welding
welding head
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2004/010832
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Sascha Debuan
Albrecht Krüger-Eppstein
Original Assignee
Daimlerchrysler Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimlerchrysler Ag filed Critical Daimlerchrysler Ag
Publication of WO2005035179A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005035179A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/04—Automatically aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam, e.g. using the back-scattered light
    • B23K26/044—Seam tracking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/04—Automatically aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam, e.g. using the back-scattered light
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/24—Seam welding
    • B23K26/244—Overlap seam welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/006—Vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/18—Sheet panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/34—Coated articles, e.g. plated or painted; Surface treated articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/34—Coated articles, e.g. plated or painted; Surface treated articles
    • B23K2101/35—Surface treated articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for connecting two workpieces by fusion welding according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • DE 38 12 448 Cl shows a connection area between two coated thin sheets, in which degassing chambers for receiving the gaseous coating materials formed during the laser welding process are produced by the sheets colliding with one another along the weld seam with different radii of curvature and on both sides of the
  • the radii of curvature produced by bending or embossing do not offer any geometric features by means of which the laser beam can be guided.
  • Channels for the zinc evaporating during welding are formed.
  • an overhead sheet is deformed in advance of the welding focus of a laser beam in such a way that line contact with an underlying sheet occurs.
  • Degassing pockets are formed on the side of the line contact.
  • the positioning of the laser beam results directly from the positioning of a tool that causes the deformation.
  • the object of the invention is to develop a method for connecting two workpieces by fusion welding a high positioning accuracy of a heat source along a weld seam and a large tolerance range for the dimensions of degassing channels is possible.
  • a welding head is positioned relative to the workpieces on the basis of geometric features of one or more depressions.
  • the indentation is made in advance in one of the workpieces.
  • a detector is directed onto the depression, so that signals are formed which represent the position of the depression relative to the welding head.
  • the depressions forming the degassing channels are equipped with features that can be detected particularly well by the detector. Control signals for a device for relative movement between the heat source and the workpiece are generated from the detector signals.
  • the detector can be attached to the welding head and be movable with it.
  • an optical detector e.g. a camera
  • the depression has at least one sharp edge which runs in the direction of the weld seam.
  • a tactile detector it is advantageous if the depression is designed as a bead with a sharp inner edge.
  • the tactile detector e.g. a probe tip can be guided along the sharp inner edge in this case.
  • the depression can be continuous or interrupted. In the event of an interrupted weld seam, the start and end of a depression can be determined with the detector and the Heat source, such as a laser, can be switched on and off.
  • a depression can be formed along a straight line or can take any shape that is recognized by the detector.
  • the invention can be used particularly advantageously in the production of vehicle bodies.
  • beads are introduced by means of stamping dies or stamping jaws after the workpieces are deep-drawn before welding.
  • a bead can be embossed using a roller after rolling.
  • the dimension of the depression is variable over a wide range.
  • the bead depth can be in the range of 0.1 mm - 1.0 mm, which means that the process can be used in large series production. In any case, there is a constant weld quality and the possibility of outgassing on both sides of the recess.
  • Joining flanges can be made narrower, which saves material and makes better use of the installation space.
  • the method enables a reduction in production time and costs. Furthermore, the strength of welded assemblies can be increased with the method, whereby the sheet thickness can be reduced.
  • Fig. 1 a scheme of a welding device for performing the method
  • Fig. 2 a scheme for using a tactile detector
  • Fig. 3-6 different designs of recesses.
  • 1 shows a schematic of a laser beam welding device.
  • a welding head 1 is attached to a flange 2 on an arm 3 of a robot 4.
  • the welding head 1 has a coupling point 5 for a laser beam 6, which is supplied here by way of example via glass fibers.
  • the laser beam 6 runs through a lens system 7 and strikes movably arranged mirrors 8. From there, the laser beam 6 is directed in different directions 9, 10 directed onto the surface of a fixed galvanized sheet 11.
  • the sheet 11 is paired with a second galvanized sheet 12 to which it is to be connected by welding.
  • a laser is controlled so that it is activated when predetermined welding positions are reached.
  • At least one of the lenses of the lens system 7 can be adjusted in the axial direction 13 with a motor. This makes it possible to change the distance between the focal point 14 and the welding head 1.
  • the laser beam 6 can act in a three-dimensional working area.
  • a camera 15 and a light source 16 are also attached to the welding head 1 and are directed towards the work area.
  • the arm 3 of the robot 4 is arranged movably, so that there is the possibility of moving the laser beam 6 with that of the
  • the motors for the movement of the arm 3 of the robot 4, the focus lens of the lens system 7 and the mirror 8 and the camera 15 are connected to a control device 17, which contains a computer for processing the camera signals and for generating motor control signals.
  • the sheet 11 facing the welding head has a bead 18 with sharp edges 19-22.
  • the bead 18 is seated on the sheet 12, so that the sheets 11, 12 have a distance a in the range of 0.1 mm - 1.0 mm on both sides of the bead 18. ⁇ -v>
  • the light source 16 is switched on so that the bead 18 is illuminated in the working area of the laser 6.
  • the edges 19-22 of the bead 18 result in a defined contrast profile, which is captured by the camera 15.
  • the signals from the camera 15 are evaluated in the control device 17. In this evaluation, the position of the welding head 1 in relation to the bead 18 is determined. If the position of the welding head 1 or the focal point 14 deviates from a predetermined position, then the position of the welding head 1 or the focal point 14 is adjusted to the desired position using the robot 4.
  • the laser 6 is activated, the metal sheets 11, 12 are partially melted on, so that they are connected along a weld seam 23.
  • the zinc coatings 24-27 partially evaporate. The vapors can be drawn off unhindered via the free spaces existing between the sheets 11, 12, without impairing the quality of the weld seam 23.
  • FIG. 2 shows a variant with tactile measurement of the relative position of a welding head 1 to a bead 28 in a galvanized sheet metal 11.
  • a probe ball 29 is provided on a probe lever 30.
  • the feeler lever 30 is seated on a position detector 31 which is movable with a welding head.
  • the diameter of the probe ball 29 is adapted to the width of the bead 28.
  • the signals of the position detector 31, which reflect the position of the probe ball 29 in the bead 28 become control signals in a control device 17 for a device for positioning the welding head 1 processed.
  • a weld seam 23 can thus be produced exactly in the middle of the bead 28.
  • the sheets 11, 12 are spaced apart from one another by the bead 28, so that channels 32, 33 for outgassing zinc vapors exist between the sheets 11, 12 on both sides of the bead.
  • the sheets 11, 12 are connected with a continuous weld.
  • the weld seam runs in a straight bead 34.
  • the sheets 11, 12 are connected with an interrupted weld.
  • a plurality of beads 35 lying one behind the other were formed in the sheet 11 above.
  • the sensor signals can be used to control a laser in such a way that it is switched on in the area of a bead 35 and is switched off between two beads 35.
  • the sheets 11, 12 are connected with Z-shaped or S-shaped weld seams.
  • Beads 36 or S-shaped beads 37 are formed in the upper plate 11 along a straight track 38, 39 parallel to the edge of the plate 11.
  • the beads 36, 37 can be detected with an optical detector, such as a camera 15.
  • the position of the beads 36, 37 can be determined from the camera signals determine with regard to a welding head 1 and adjust the welding head 1 as desired.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé d'assemblage de deux pièces (11, 12) par soudage par fusion. Elle a pour but de développer un procédé permettant d'avoir une haute précision de positionnement d'une source de chaleur le long d'un cordon de soudure, et une grande marge de tolérance pour les dimensions des canaux de dégazage. L'invention a en conséquence pour objet un procédé d'assemblage de deux pièces (11, 12) par soudage par fusion, dans lequel on applique dans au moins l'une (11) des pièces (11, 12), au moins une trace ayant au moins une cavité (18), les pièces (11, 12) étant appariées à la cavité (18), la chaleur étant transmise le long de la trace jusqu'à amener les pièces (11, 12) à fusion, le procédé utilisant une tête de soudage (1) dont la source de chaleur est positionnée vis-à-vis des pièces (11, 12), procédé caractérisé en ce que, pour le positionnement de la tête de soudage (1), on détermine en continu la position de la cavité (18) au moyen des signaux des détecteurs (15, 16) qui reproduisent les caractéristiques géométriques de la cavité (18), et en ce qu'à partir des signaux des détecteurs (15, 16), des signaux de réglage sont générés pour un dispositif à déplacement relatif entre la source de chaleur (6) et les pièces (11, 12).
PCT/EP2004/010832 2003-10-06 2004-09-28 Procede d'assemblage de deux pieces par soudage par fusion, avec utilisation de detecteurs permettant de localiser des cavites dans les pieces WO2005035179A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10346264A DE10346264A1 (de) 2003-10-06 2003-10-06 Verfahren zum Verbinden zweier Werkstücke durch Schmelzschweißen
DE10346264.3 2003-10-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005035179A1 true WO2005035179A1 (fr) 2005-04-21

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Country Status (2)

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DE (1) DE10346264A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005035179A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2884448A1 (fr) * 2005-04-18 2006-10-20 Renault Sas Procede d'assemblage par soudage laser par transparence de toles recouvertes d'une couche de proctection
WO2006114088A1 (fr) * 2005-04-27 2006-11-02 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Element comprenant une protuberance de soudage presentant une saillie et partie de boitier de lampe munie d'un element presentant une protuberance de soudage
WO2007128586A2 (fr) * 2006-05-10 2007-11-15 Edag Gmbh & Co. Kgaa Brasage ou soudage de composants par faisceau d'énergie
WO2008025672A1 (fr) * 2006-08-30 2008-03-06 Thyssenkrupp Steel Ag Procédé pour fabriquer une structure double tôle
CN103386554A (zh) * 2012-10-19 2013-11-13 南通大学 焊缝应力消除移动机器人跟踪系统
CN105149771A (zh) * 2015-10-15 2015-12-16 莱州市得利安数控机械有限公司 一种激光焊缝智能跟踪控制器
CN105665931A (zh) * 2016-04-18 2016-06-15 哈尔滨工业大学 一种预填焊材的t型结构双激光束焊接方法
DE102018216501A1 (de) * 2018-09-26 2020-03-26 applicationtechnology GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Schweißverbindung, Bauteileinheit und Kraftfahrzeug

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US20110192824A1 (en) * 2007-08-17 2011-08-11 Danfoss A/S Laser welding of highly reflective materials
DE102008054040A1 (de) 2008-10-31 2010-05-06 Audi Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Blechverbindungen durch Nahtschweißen
DE102010041863B4 (de) 2010-10-01 2019-01-17 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Blechbauteil
DE102011005004A1 (de) 2011-03-03 2012-09-06 Brose Fahrzeugteile Gmbh & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, Coburg Verfahren zur Überwachung eines Lateralversatzes eines Ist-Schweißnahtverlaufs bezüglich eines Soll-Schweißnahtverlaufs, Baugruppe sowie Kraftfahrzeugssitz
DE102011080483B4 (de) 2011-08-05 2015-07-09 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils oder eines aus mehreren Bauteilen bestehenden Bauteilverbunds
DE102012204207B4 (de) 2012-03-16 2015-02-19 Trumpf Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh + Co. Kg Verfahren zum Laserstrahlschweißen
DE102021113597A1 (de) * 2021-05-26 2022-12-01 Trumpf Laser Gmbh Verfahren und Laserbearbeitungsvorrichtung zur Herstellung einer Bipolarplatte

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2884448A1 (fr) * 2005-04-18 2006-10-20 Renault Sas Procede d'assemblage par soudage laser par transparence de toles recouvertes d'une couche de proctection
WO2006111671A2 (fr) * 2005-04-18 2006-10-26 Renault S.A.S Procede d ' assemblage par soudage laser par transparence de toles recouvertes d ' une couche de protection et espacees les unes des autres a l ' aide de protubérances
WO2006111671A3 (fr) * 2005-04-18 2006-12-07 Renault Sa Procede d ' assemblage par soudage laser par transparence de toles recouvertes d ' une couche de protection et espacees les unes des autres a l ' aide de protubérances
WO2006114088A1 (fr) * 2005-04-27 2006-11-02 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Element comprenant une protuberance de soudage presentant une saillie et partie de boitier de lampe munie d'un element presentant une protuberance de soudage
WO2007128586A3 (fr) * 2006-05-10 2008-06-05 Edag Gmbh & Co Kgaa Brasage ou soudage de composants par faisceau d'énergie
WO2007128586A2 (fr) * 2006-05-10 2007-11-15 Edag Gmbh & Co. Kgaa Brasage ou soudage de composants par faisceau d'énergie
EP2036654A3 (fr) * 2006-05-10 2009-09-02 EDAG GmbH & Co. KGaA Soudage ou soudure par faisceau d'énergie de composants
US8686314B2 (en) 2006-05-10 2014-04-01 Fft Edag Produktionssysteme Gmbh & Co. Kg Method of soldering or welding components
WO2008025672A1 (fr) * 2006-08-30 2008-03-06 Thyssenkrupp Steel Ag Procédé pour fabriquer une structure double tôle
CN103386554A (zh) * 2012-10-19 2013-11-13 南通大学 焊缝应力消除移动机器人跟踪系统
CN105149771A (zh) * 2015-10-15 2015-12-16 莱州市得利安数控机械有限公司 一种激光焊缝智能跟踪控制器
CN105665931A (zh) * 2016-04-18 2016-06-15 哈尔滨工业大学 一种预填焊材的t型结构双激光束焊接方法
CN105665931B (zh) * 2016-04-18 2017-05-03 哈尔滨工业大学 一种预填焊材的t型结构双激光束焊接方法
DE102018216501A1 (de) * 2018-09-26 2020-03-26 applicationtechnology GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Schweißverbindung, Bauteileinheit und Kraftfahrzeug

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