WO2005027554A1 - Procede de transfert d'un terminal mobile entre le systeme amdc et le reseau local sans fil - Google Patents

Procede de transfert d'un terminal mobile entre le systeme amdc et le reseau local sans fil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005027554A1
WO2005027554A1 PCT/CN2003/001078 CN0301078W WO2005027554A1 WO 2005027554 A1 WO2005027554 A1 WO 2005027554A1 CN 0301078 W CN0301078 W CN 0301078W WO 2005027554 A1 WO2005027554 A1 WO 2005027554A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mobile terminal
cdma2000
service node
local area
data service
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2003/001078
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Xiuli Xu
Original Assignee
Zte Corporation
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Publication date
Application filed by Zte Corporation filed Critical Zte Corporation
Priority to AU2003292855A priority Critical patent/AU2003292855A1/en
Priority to JP2005508851A priority patent/JP4399418B2/ja
Priority to US10/569,983 priority patent/US7561548B2/en
Publication of WO2005027554A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005027554A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
    • H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
    • H04B7/2628—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile using code-division multiple access [CDMA] or spread spectrum multiple access [SSMA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/14—Reselecting a network or an air interface
    • H04W36/144—Reselecting a network or an air interface over a different radio air interface technology
    • H04W36/1446—Reselecting a network or an air interface over a different radio air interface technology wherein at least one of the networks is unlicensed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/14—Reselecting a network or an air interface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/16—Performing reselection for specific purposes
    • H04W36/18—Performing reselection for specific purposes for allowing seamless reselection, e.g. soft reselection

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for a mobile terminal to switch between two wireless systems, and in particular, to a method for a mobile terminal to switch between a CDMA2000 IX system and a wireless local area network (Wi reless LAN, WLAN for short).
  • Wi reless LAN wireless local area network
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • the CDMA2000 IX system follows the IS-2000 standard and is a CDMA2000 cellular mobile communication.
  • the first stage of technological development can provide a packet data transmission rate of 153.6Kbps.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a network combining a CDMA2000 IX system and a wireless local area network system. Outside the dashed box is a functional node of an existing CDMA2000 IX system, and inside the dashed box is a functional node added after the CDMA2000 IX system is combined with a wireless LAN system. .
  • the base station transceiver 11 establishes a wireless coverage area in the cell for mobile terminal communication; the base station controller 12 can control each base station transceiver, and the packet control function node PCF is generally synthesized in The base station controller 12 is configured to forward messages between the wireless subsystem and the packet data serving node PDSN 14, and the packet control function node PCF if is connected to the base station controller 12 through an A8 / A9 interface.
  • the packet data service node PDSN 1 is an interface for the CDMA2000 IX system to access the Internet.
  • the packet data service node PDSN 14 and the packet control function node PCF 12 are standard R-P (Radio-Packet) interfaces, that is, A10 / A11 interfaces.
  • A10 is the data channel and Al l is the control channel.
  • the packet data service node PDSN 14 provides access services for users of CDMA2000 IX. The users use PDSN 14 to access the authentication authorization and accounting server 19, the intermediate authentication authorization and accounting server 17, and the home authentication authorization and accounting server 18 for authentication. And billing.
  • a user requests a packet data service, first, the identity verification of the identity is performed through the mobile switching center 13 to the home location register HLR 20; when the legitimacy verification is passed, an A8 / A9 interface is established between the base station controller BSC 12 and the PCF 12. After that, the PCF 12 sends a message to the PDSN 14 to establish an R-P connection between the PCF 12 and the PDSN 14.
  • a PPP connection is established between the mobile terminal and the PDSN 14.
  • the data service can be started. If it is a mobile IP user, perform MIP registration again. Only after the MIP registration is successful, the mobile IP data service starts.
  • PPP uses asynchronous HDLC framing.
  • Wireless local area network is the product of the combination of computer network and wireless communication technology. It supports the communication between computers through the use of wireless multiple-access channels. It can provide data transmission rates up to 54Mbps.
  • Wireless LAN terminals usually use Ethernet-based point-to-point protocols (Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet, referred to as PPPoE for short) or Web + DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol).
  • WLANs wireless local area networks
  • WLANs have the advantages of convenient installation, flexible use, economical savings, and easy expansion. Therefore, WLANs have been rapidly applied to the occasions where networking on the move and roaming between networks are especially applicable.
  • the characteristics of wireless local area network are low price, flexible networking, easy installation, and support for high-speed wireless data access, which is suitable for applications in hotspots such as airports and hotels.
  • a wireless terminal accesses a fixed telecommunications network through an access point AP.
  • the AP provides users with wireless access functions, as well as voice and data access services, and completes 802.11 and 802.3 protocols. After conversion, the data packet converted by the AP is an Ethernet data packet.
  • the wireless LAN provides limited authentication and charging mechanisms for terminal access. It can only provide authentication at the physical transport layer. Provides a charging mechanism for end users, so it cannot meet the needs of carrier-grade applications, and the coverage of wireless local area networks is limited to hotspots, which greatly limits the widespread application of wireless local area networks.
  • the CDMA2000 IX system has recently been used on a large scale. Not only has its authentication and charging mechanism developed more mature and complete, but its coverage is ubiquitous. However, due to bandwidth limitations, the CDMA2000 IX system has limited ability to provide high-speed access services to end users. Therefore, if the CDMA2000 IX system and the wireless local area network system are organically combined, their respective advantages can be brought into full play.
  • One of the key issues in the combination of the two systems is how to achieve seamless switching between the end users between the two systems. There is currently no technical literature on end users switching between the two systems. Summary of the invention
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for a mobile terminal to switch between a code division multiple access system and a wireless local area network, so as to realize seamless switching of the mobile terminal between the two systems.
  • the present invention provides a method for switching a mobile terminal from a wireless local area network system to a CDMA2000 IX system, including the following steps:
  • Step 1 When the mobile terminal detects that the signal of the wireless local area network system is weakened or has been lost, the mobile terminal determines whether to switch from the wireless local area network system to the CDMA2000 IX system. If it is switched, go to step 2; otherwise, continue to use the original wireless local area network system. Services provided or disconnected;
  • Step 2 The mobile terminal makes a call of the CDMA2000 IX system. After the base station allows the mobile terminal to access, the packet control function node establishes an R-P connection with the packet data service node;
  • Step 3 After the packet data service node determines that the mobile terminal is a switching user, establish a data transmission channel to the CDMA2000 IX system for the mobile terminal;
  • Step 4 The mobile terminal and the packet data service node perform data transmission through the packet control function node, and at the same time, the packet data service node disconnects the mobile terminal established in the wireless local area network system. RP connection between the group data service node and the wireless access point gateway.
  • the data is forwarded through the wireless access point gateway.
  • step 3 above the packet data service node directly uses the PPP connection information of the original link, and does not re-negotiate the point-to-point link during the handover process.
  • the present invention also provides a method for switching a mobile terminal from a CDMA2000 IX system to a wireless local area network system, including the following steps:
  • Step 1 After detecting the wireless LAN signal, the mobile terminal connects with the access point in the wireless LAN, and the mobile terminal determines whether to switch from the CDMA2000 IX system to the wireless LAN system. If the switching is determined, go to step 2; otherwise, continue to use the original There are services provided by CDMA2000 IX;
  • Step 2 The mobile terminal makes a dial-up connection to the wireless local area network system and establishes a connection with the wireless access point gateway;
  • Step 3 After the wireless access point gateway allows mobile terminal access, an R-P connection is established between the wireless access point gateway and the packet data service node;
  • Step 4 After the packet data service node determines that the mobile terminal is a switching user, establish a data transmission channel to the wireless local area network system for the mobile terminal;
  • Step 5 The mobile terminal and the packet data service node perform data transmission through the wireless access point gateway, and at the same time, the packet data service node disconnects the packet data service node and the packet control function node established by the mobile terminal in the CDMA2000 IX system. R-P connection.
  • the packet control function node During the handover process, if data transmission is needed between the packet data serving node and the mobile terminal, the data is forwarded by the packet control function node.
  • step 1 above the mobile terminal uses PPPoE to dial.
  • step 3 after the wireless access point gateway allows the mobile terminal to access, The service node sends an All registration request message. If the packet data service node receives the registration request message, it returns an All registration response message to the wireless access point gateway. After the wireless access point gateway receives this response message, the R-P connection is established. success.
  • the packet data service node directly uses the PPP connection information of the original link.
  • a method of first establishing a new link and then disconnecting the original link is adopted, and the packet data service node remains unchanged during the handover process, and is not performed with the mobile terminal.
  • the re-negotiation of the point-to-point link can enable mobile terminals to maintain uninterrupted data transmission when switching between the CDMA2000 IX system and the wireless local area network system, and minimize the interaction signaling during the handover process.
  • the characteristics of high-speed wireless LAN data transmission provide users with data services, enabling end users to seamlessly switch between the CDMA2000 IX system and the wireless LAN system, and achieving the organic integration of the CDMA2000 IX system and the wireless LAN system.
  • FIG. 1 is a network structure diagram of a combination of a CDMA2000 IX system and a wireless local area network system
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a handover of a mobile terminal according to the present invention from a wireless local area network system to a CDMA2000 IX system;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a mobile terminal switching from a CDMA2000 IX system to a wireless local area network system according to the present invention.
  • the switching method of the present invention is applicable to a network combining a CDMA2000 IX system and a wireless local area network system as shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 the function nodes of the CDMA2000 IX system are shown outside the dashed box, and the function nodes added after the CDMA2000 IX system is integrated with the wireless local area network function are shown inside the dashed box.
  • FIG. 1 the function nodes of the CDMA2000 IX system are shown outside the dashed box, and the function nodes added after the CDMA2000 IX system is integrated with the wireless local area network function are shown inside the dashed box.
  • the main functional nodes of the CDMA2000 IX system are introduced, and the main functional nodes involved in the present invention are described below.
  • the packet control function node PCF 12 mainly realizes the connection between the air radio interface and the packet data service node PDSN14.
  • the packet data service node PDSN14 is used to implement CDMA2000 IX system and wireless LAN system terminal access. It provides two access methods for CDMA2000 IX system and wireless LAN system terminals: single IP service and mobile IP service. PPP connection information;
  • the packet data service node PDSN14 is also used to identify whether the current mobile terminal is a switching user, that is, to determine whether the mobile terminal requiring the switching also has CDMA2000 For the access capabilities of the IX system and the wireless local area network system, if it is a switching user, a corresponding data transmission channel is opened for it.
  • An access point (Acces s Point, AP for short) 16 is used to implement conversion of wireless local area network signals into signals transmitted by the wired network, and complete simple management of wireless users and dynamic allocation of wireless channels.
  • Wireless access point gateway (Acces s Point Gateway, APGW for short) 15 is mainly used to implement the three-layer encapsulation of wireless LAN terminal data (that is, the Ethernet data packets converted by the AP are encapsulated into IP packets) and decapsulation, and the wireless LAN terminal
  • the data is sent to the packet data service node PDSN14, or the data sent by the packet data service node PDSN14 is forwarded to the wireless local area network terminal.
  • the interfaces between the packet control function node 12 and the packet data service node 14 and between the wireless access point gateway 15 and the packet data service node 14 are all standard R-P interfaces.
  • the wireless LAN terminal accesses the packet data service node 14 using the PPPoE dial-up method.
  • the PPPoE dial-up access is negotiated in two phases: the discovery phase and the session phase.
  • the discovery phase is to find the wireless access point gateway 15 of the service node. ;
  • the session phase implements the point-to-point link negotiation between the terminal and the packet data serving node 14.
  • For a mobile terminal to achieve seamless switching between a CDMA2000 IX system and a wireless local area network system, it is necessary to have two independent air interfaces, which can be connected to both the CDMA2000 IX system and the wireless local area network system.
  • the function of autonomously switching between the two systems for example, when the mobile terminal detects that the signal of the wireless local area network is weakened to a certain degree, or when the signal of the wireless local area network has not been detected, the CDMA2000 IX system is used to initiate a call; or After the terminal reaches the coverage area of the wireless local area network, it automatically connects to the wireless local area network. At the same time, mobile users should have the ability to access from both systems.
  • the mobile terminal needs to automatically switch from the wireless LAN system to the CDMA2000 IX system.
  • a mobile terminal accesses the system through a wireless LAN, it is necessary to continuously detect the strength of the wireless LAN signal. If the signal of the wireless local area network is relatively weak, or the signal of the wireless local area network has not been detected, the mobile terminal then decides to switch from the wireless local area network according to certain principles, such as a predetermined signal strength threshold or a predetermined switching criterion. The system switches to the CDMA2000 IX system.
  • connection between PCF12 and PDSN14 in the CDMA2000 IX system and the connection between APGW15 and PDSN14 in the WLAN system have common features in function and networking. Both PCF12 and APGW15 serve as the conversion interface between wireless and wired, but the protocols processed on the wireless side are different:
  • the PPPoE protocol is used in the wireless local area network system, while in CDMA2000 In IX system, the asynchronous HDLC encapsulated PPP protocol is used.
  • the PPP session phase it is exactly the same as the asynchronous HDLC encapsulated PPP protocol. And the user information of the two is basically the same.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which a mobile terminal accesses a wireless local area network system and switches from the wireless local area network system to a CDMA2000 IX system.
  • the packet data service node does not change during the handover process.
  • the steps for the mobile terminal to access the wireless local area network system are as follows.
  • a connection is established between the mobile terminal and the wireless access point AP (step 201).
  • the mobile terminal uses PPPoE to dial up and negotiates with the wireless access point gateway APGW during the PPPoE discovery phase (step 202).
  • the wireless access point gateway allows the mobile terminal to access, it sends an All registration request message to the packet data service node. If the packet data service node receives the registration request message, it returns an All registration response message to the wireless access point gateway.
  • the RP connection between the wireless access point gateway and the packet data service node is successfully established (step 203).
  • the mobile terminal and the packet data service node negotiate a point-to-point PPP link.
  • the packet data service node assigns an IP address to the mobile terminal, and if it is a mobile IP user, it also needs to perform MIP registration (step 204).
  • MIP registration After the PPP link between the mobile terminal and the packet data service node is successfully established (for mobile IP users, the MIP registration is also successful), the packet data service node starts to provide data transmission services for the mobile terminal (step 205).
  • the mobile terminal continuously detects the signal of the wireless local area network. When the signal of the wireless local area network weakens to a predetermined switching threshold, the mobile terminal performs the following handover steps from the wireless local area network system to the CDMA2000 IX system. The mobile terminal performs the access call of the CDMA200G IX system (step 206). After the base station allows the mobile terminal to access, an R-P connection is established between the packet control function node and the packet data service node (step 207).
  • the packet data service node determines that the user is a switching user, that is, a user who has established a link connection with the packet data service node, and then the mobile terminal and the packet Data service nodes are controlled by packets
  • the functional node performs data transmission (step 208), and finally the packet data service node releases the R-P connection between the wireless access point gateway and the packet data service node (step 209).
  • the process of accessing the mobile terminal from the wireless local area network system and then switching to the CDMA2000 IX system is completed.
  • the method of first establishing a new link and then disconnecting the original link is adopted.
  • the packet data service node remains unchanged, and no point-to-point PPP renegotiation is performed, thereby ensuring uninterrupted user data. Transmission, achieving a seamless connection.
  • the mobile terminal accesses the CDMA2000 IX system, it will continuously detect the signal of the wireless local area network. If the signal of the wireless local area network is detected, the mobile terminal can determine the signal strength threshold value in advance, or determine it in advance. The criteria for switching are to switch from a CDMA2000 IX system to a wireless LAN system.
  • Figure 3 shows a handover example of a mobile terminal accessing a CDMA2000 IX system and a handover from a CDMA2000 IX system to a wireless local area network system.
  • the packet data service node remains unchanged during the handover process.
  • the steps for a mobile terminal to access the CDMA2000 IX system are as follows.
  • the mobile terminal makes a dial-up call to the CDMA2000 IX system (step 301), and establishes an R-P connection between the packet control function node and the packet data service node (step 302).
  • the mobile terminal and the packet data service node negotiate a point-to-point PPP link (step 303).
  • the packet data service node provides data transmission for the mobile terminal. Service.
  • a connection is established between the mobile terminal and the wireless access point (step 305).
  • the mobile terminal selects whether to perform handover according to certain criteria.
  • the mobile terminal decides to switch from the CDMA2000 IX system to the wireless local area network system, it performs PPPoE dial-up, and negotiates with the wireless access point gateway in the PPPoE discovery phase (step 306).
  • the wireless access point gateway allows the mobile terminal to access, it sends an Al l registration request message to the packet data service node. If the packet data service node receives the registration request message, it returns an Al l registration response message to the wireless access point gateway. After the wireless access point gateway receives the response message, the RP connection is successfully established (step 307).
  • the packet data service node determines that the mobile terminal is a switching user, and the mobile terminal and the packet data service node perform data transmission through the wireless access point gateway (step 308), and at the same time, the packet data service node releases the packet control function node and the packet data service. RP connection between nodes (step 309).
  • the above steps can complete the process of mobile terminal access from CDMA2000 IX system and handover to wireless LAN system.
  • the method of first establishing a new link and then disconnecting the original link is also adopted, and no point-to-point PPP renegotiation is performed during the handover process, and the transmission of user data is not interrupted.
  • the user's identity is unique, so that the user can use his NAI or MS ID in the CDMA2000 IX system for authentication and charging in the WLAN mode.
  • the method for switching between a CDMA2000 IX system and a wireless local area network system uses a wireless access point gateway APGW, using a standard RP interface and a packet data service node switching function to achieve two Seamless switching between systems has achieved the organic integration of CDMA2000 IX system and wireless local area network system.
  • the switching method described in the present invention is also applicable to switching between CDMA2000 IX EV-D0, CDMA2000 IX EV-DV and a wireless local area network system.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Description

移动终端在码分多址系统与无线局域网间切换的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及移动终端在两个无线系统间切换的方法， 具体地说， 涉及移动 终端在 CDMA2000 IX系统与无线局域网 （Wi reless LAN, 简称 WLAN )之间切换 的方法。
背景技术
码分多址 ( Code Divi s ion Mul t iple Access , 简称 CDMA )技术是一种常 用的以宽带扩频技术为基础的多址调制技术， CDMA2000 IX 系统遵循 IS-2000 标准， 是 CDMA2000蜂窝移动通信技术发展的第一阶段， 可以提供 153. 6Kbps 的分组数据传输速率。
图 1给出了 CDMA2000 IX系统与无线局域网系统相结合的网络示意图， 虚 线框外是现有的 CDMA2000 IX系统的功能节点， 虛线框内是 CDMA2000 IX系统 与无线局域网系统结合后增加的功能节点。 在现有的 CDMA2000 IX系统中， 基 站收发信机 11在小区建立无线覆盖区， 用于移动终端通信； 基站控制器 12可 对各个基站收发信机进行控制， 分组控制功能节点 PCF—般合成在基站控制器 12中， 用于转发无线子系统与分组数据服务节点 PDSN 14之间的消息， 分组控 制功能节点 PCF if过 A8/A9接口与基站控制器 12连接。分组数据服务节点 PDSN 1 是 CDMA2000 IX系统接入 Internet的接口， 分组数据服务节点 PDSN 14与 分组控制功能节点 PCF 12之间是标准的 R- P ( Radio-Packet )接口， 即 A10/A11 接口， A10为数据通道， Al l为控制通道。分组数据服务节点 PDSN 14为 CDMA2000 IX的用户提供接入服务， 用户通过 PDSN 14到拜访鉴权授权计费服务器 19、 中 间鉴权授权计费服务器 17和归属鉴权授权计费服务器 18进行鉴权和计费。 当用户请求进行分组数据服务时，首先经移动交换中心 13到归属位置寄存 器 HLR 20进行身份合法性的鉴定； 当合法性鉴定通过以后， 基站控制器 BSC 12 与 PCF 12之间建立 A8/A9接口， 之后， PCF 12发送消息到 PDSN 14， 在 PCF 12 和 PDSN 14之间建立 R- P连接。 然后， 移动终端和 PDSN 14之间建立 PPP连接。 当 PPP连接建立成功后， 如果是简单（Simple ) IP用户， 则即可开始数据业务。 如果是移动（Mobi le ) IP用户， 则再进行 MIP注册， 当 MIP注册成功后， 才开 始移动 IP的数据业务。在用户接入时，要与 PDSN 14进行完整的 PPP协商流程， PPP采用异步 HDLC的组帧方式。
无线局域网是计算机网络与无线通信技术相结合的产物， 它通过使用无线 多址信道来支持计算机之间的通信，可以提供高达 54Mbps的数据传输速率，无 线局域网的终端通常采用基于以太网的点对点协议 ( Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet , 简称 PPPoE ) 或 Web+DHCP ( Dynamic Hos t Conf igura t ion Protocol , 动态主机配置协议） 的方式进行拨号。
与有线网络相比， 无线局域网 WLAN具有安装便捷、 使用灵活、 经济节约、 易于扩展等优点，因此 WLAN被迅速地应用于需要在移动中联网和在网间漫游的 场合， 尤其适用于不易布线的地方以及远距离的数据处理，特别是在一些领域， 如展览、 会议、 旅游服务、 金融服务、 移动办公系统等方面， WLAN有着非常大 的发展机会。 无线局域网的特点在于价格低廉、 组网灵活、 安装方便、 支持无 线数据高速接入， 适宜于机场、 酒店等热点地区的应用。
在无线局域网中， 无线终端通过接入点 AP接入固定电信网中， AP为用户 提供无线接入的功能，以及提供话音和数据的接入服务，并完成 802. 11与 802. 3 协议的转换， 经过 AP转换后的数据包是以太网数据包。但无线局域网对终端接 入所提供的鉴权和计费机制有限， 仅能提供物理传输层的鉴权认证， 同时不能 提供针对终端用户的计费机制， 因此不能满足电信级的应用需要， 而且无线局 域网的覆盖范围仅限于热点地区 , 这对无线局域网的广泛应用造成了极大的限 制。
CDMA系统经过近 20年的发展， 最近 CDMA2000 IX系统也已有大规模的商 用， 不仅其鉴权和计费机制发展得比较成熟、 完善， 且其覆盖范围无处不在。 但由于带宽限制， CDMA2000 IX系统为终端用户提供高速接入服务的能力有限。 因此， 如果将 CDMA2000 IX系统与无线局域网系统有机结合， 可充分发挥各自 的优势， 而两个系统结合的一个关键问题就在于如何实现终端用户在两个系统 之间的无缝切换。目前尚没有看到关于终端用户在两个系统间切换的技术文献。 发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种移动终端在码分多址系统与无线局 域网间切换的方法， 以实现移动终端在两个系统之间的无缝切换。
为解决上述技术问题， 本发明提供一种移动终端从无线局域网系统切换到 CDMA2000 IX系统的方法， 包括以下步骤：
步骤 1、 当移动终端检测到无线局域网系统的信号减弱或已经丢失时， 移 动终端确定是否从无线局域网系统切换到 CDMA2000 IX系统， 如果切换， 则执 行步骤 2; 否则， 继续使用原有无线局域网系统提供的服务或断开连接；
步骤 2、 移动终端进行 CDMA2000 IX系统的起呼， 当基站允许移动终端接 入后， 分组控制功能节点建立与分组数据服务节点的 R-P连接；
步骤 3、 分组数据服务节点确定该移动终端为切换用户后， 为该移动终端 建立到 CDMA2000 IX系统的数据传输通道；
步骤 4、 移动终端和分组数据服务节点之间通过分组控制功能节点进行数 据传输， 同时分组数据服务节点断开该移动终端在无线局域网系统中建立的分 组数据服务节点与无线接入点网关之间的 R-P连接。
在切换过程中，如果分组数据服务节点和移动终端之间需要进行数据传输， 则数据通过无线接入点网关进行转发。
在上述步骤 3中， 分组数据服务节点直接使用原有链路的 PPP连接信息， 在切换过程中不进行点对点链路的重新协商。
为了解决上述技术问题， 本发明还提供了一种移动终端从 CDMA2000 IX系 统切换到无线局域网系统的方法， 包括以下步骤：
步骤 1、 移动终端检测到无线局域网信号后， 与无线局域网中的接入点连 接， 移动终端确定是否从 CDMA2000 IX系统切换到无线局域网系统， 如果确定 切换， 则执行步骤 2; 否则， 继续使用原有 CDMA2000 IX提供的服务；
步骤 2、 移动终端进行无线局域网系统的拨号连接， 与无线接入点网关建 立连接；
步骤 3、 无线接入点网关允许移动终端接入后， 无线接入点网关与分组数 据服务节点之间建立 R-P连接；
步骤 4、 分组数据服务节点确定该移动终端为切换用户后， 为该移动终端 建立到无线局域网系统的数据传输通道；
步骤 5、 移动终端与分组数据服务节点之间通过无线接入点网关进行数据 传输， 同时分组数据服务节点断开该移动终端在 CDMA2000 IX系统中建立的分 组数据服务节点与分组控制功能节点之间的 R- P连接。
在所述切换过程中， 如果分组数据服务节点与移动终端之间需要进行数据 传输， 则数据通过分组控制功能节点转发。
在上述步骤 1中， 移动终端采用 PPPoE方式进行拨号。
在上述步骤 3中， 当无线接入点网关允许移动终端接入后， 向分组数据服 务节点发送 All注册请求消息，如果分组数据服务节点接收到该注册请求消息， 则向无线接入点网关返回 All注册应答消息， 无线接入点网关接收到此应答消 息后， R- P连接建立成功。
在上述步骤 4中 , 分组数据服务节点直接使用原有链路的 PPP连接信息。 综上所述， 本发明切换方法在切换过程中， 采用先建新的链路， 然后再断 开原有链路的方法， 并且在切换过程中保持分组数据服务节点不变， 不与移动 终端进行点对点链路的重新协商， 可以使得移动终端在 CDMA2000 IX系统和无 线局域网系统之间进行切换时数据传输保持不间断， 并且使得切换过程中交互 的信令最少， 充分利用了 CDMA2000 IX系统覆盖广、 无线局域网高速数据传输 的特点为用户提供数据业务， 实现了终端用户在 CDMA2000 IX系统和无线局域 网系统之间的无缝切换， 达到了 CDMA2000 IX系统与无线局域网系统的有机融 合。
附图说明
图 1 是 CDMA2000 IX系统与无线局域网系统相结合的网络结构图； 图 2 是本发明移动终端从无线局域网系统切换到 CDMA2000 IX系统的流程 示意图；
图 3 是本发明移动终端从 CDMA2000 IX系统切换到无线局域网系统的流程 示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细说明。
本发明切换方法适用于如图 1所示的 CDMA2000 IX系统与无线局域网系统 相结合的网络。 在图 1中， 虛线框外为 CDMA2000 IX系统的功能节点， 虚线框 内为 CDMA2000 IX系统融合无线局域网功能后增加的功能节点。 在背景技术中 对 CDMA2000 IX系统的主要功能节点作了介绍， 下面再介绍一下本发明所涉及 的主要功能节点。
分组控制功能节点 PCF 12 主要实现空中无线接口与分组数据服务节点 PDSN14的连接。
分组数据服务节点 PDSN14则用于实现 CDMA2000 IX系统及无线局域网系统 终端的接入， 为 CDMA2000 IX系统及无线局域网系统终端提供两种接入方式： 筒单 IP服务和移动 IP服务， 同时保存终端的 PPP连接信息； 另外， 当移动终 端在无线局域网系统和 CDMA2000 IX 系统之间切换时， 分组数据服务节点 PDSN14还用于识别当前移动终端是否为切换用户， 即判断要求切换的移动终端 是否同时具有 CDMA2000 IX系统和无线局域网系统的接入能力， 如果是切换用 户， 则为其打开相应的数据传输通道。
接入点（Acces s Point , 筒称 AP ) 16用于实现将无线局域网信号转换成有 线网传输的信号， 并完成简单的对无线用户的管理和对无线信道的动态分配。
无线接入点网关（Acces s Point Gateway, 简称 APGW ) 15主要用于实现无 线局域网终端数据的三层封装（即将经过 AP转换的以太网数据包封装成 IP包） 和解封装， 并将无线局域网终端的数据发送到分组数据服务节点 PDSN14 , 或将 分组数据服务节点 PDSN14发送来的数据转发给无线局域网终端。
分组控制功能节点 12与分组数据服务节点 14之间、 无线接入点网关 15 与分组数据服务节点 14之间的接口均为标准 R-P接口。
无线局域网的终端接入分组数据服务节点 14是采用 PPPoE的拨号方式， PPPoE拨号接入分两个阶段的协商： 发现阶段和会话阶段， 发现阶段是为了找 到提供服务的节点无线接入点网关 15; 会话阶段则实现终端与分组数据服务节 点 14之间的点对点链路的协商。 对于移动终端来说， 要实现在 CDMA2000 IX系统和无线局域网系统之间的 无缝切换， 需具有两个独立的空中接口， 既可以连接到 CDMA2000 IX系统， 也 可以连接到无线局域网系统， 并具备在两个系统之间自主切换的功能， 例如， 移动终端检测到无线局域网的信号减弱到一定程度， 或已经检测不到无线局域 网的信号时， 进行 CDMA2000 IX系统的接入起呼； 或者当移动终端到达无线局 域网的覆盖区后， 自动连接到无线局域网。 同时， 移动用户应当具有从两个系 统接入的能力。
由于目前无线局域网系统的覆盖仅限于热点地区， 因此当移动终端远离接 入点时， 会使得数据传输的误帧率增大， 而且传输速率明显下降。 这时需要移 动终端从无线局域网系统自动切换到 CDMA2000 IX系统。
另外， 当移动终端通过无线局域网接入系统后， 需不断检测无线局域网信 号的强弱。如果无线局域网的信号比较弱，或已经检测不到无线局域网的信号， 这时移动终端根据一定的原则， 如事先确定的信号强弱程度阈值， 或事先确定 的进行切换的准则， 决定从无线局域网系统切换到 CDMA2000 IX系统。
由上可知， CDMA2000 IX系统中 PCF12与 PDSN14之间的连接方式， 与 WLAN 系统中 APGW15 与 PDSN14之间的连接方式在功能及组网上有共同之处。 PCF12 与 APGW15 均是作为无线与有线之间的转换接口， 只是在无线侧处理的协议不 同： 在建立 PPP连接时， 需完成 PPP协商流程， 在无线局域网系统中采用的是 PPPoE协议， 而在 CDMA2000 IX系统中是异步 HDLC封装的 PPP协议； 在 PPPoE 的第二个阶段 -PPP会话阶段， 与异步 HDLC封装的 PPP协议是完全相同的。 而 且两者的用户信息也是基本一致的。 因此在 PDSN14原有功能的基础上，增加无 线局域网用户的接入， 可同时支持 PCF12与 APGW15的接入。 同时， 由于用户的 PPP连接信息是在 PDSN14中保存， 这也为移动终端在 WLAN系统与 CDMA2000 1) 系统之间的无缝切换提供了可能。
图 2 为移动终端接入无线局域网系统以及从无线局域网系统切换到 CDMA2000 IX系统的实施例， 在切换过程中分组数据服务节点不变。
移动终端接入无线局域网系统的步骤如下所述。 移动终端与无线接入点 AP 之间建立连接（步骤 201 )， 当无线局域网空中信道建立后，移动终端采用 PPPoE 方式进行拨号， 与无线接入点网关 APGW之间进行 PPPoE发现阶段的协商（步骤 202 )。 无线接入点网关允许移动终端接入后， 向分组数据服务节点发送 All注 册请求消息， 若分组数据服务节点接收到该注册请求消息， 则向无线接入点网 关返回 All注册应答消息， 无线接入点网关收到此应答消息后， 无线接入点网 关与分组数据服务节点之间的 R-P连接建立成功（步骤 203 )。 当无线接入点网 关与分组数据服务节点之间的 R-P连接建立成功后， 移动终端与分组数据服务 节点之间进行点对点 PPP链路的协商。 在建立 PPP连接的过程中， 如果是简单 IP用户， 则分组数据服务节点给该移动终端分配一个 IP地址， 如果是移动 IP 用户， 则还需进行 MIP的注册（步骤 204 )。 当移动终端与分组数据服务节点之 间的 PPP链路建立成功后 （对移动 IP用户， 其 MIP的注册也成功）， 分组数据 服务节点开始为移动终端提供数据传输的服务（步骤 205 )。
移动终端不断检测无线局域网的信号， 当无线局域网的信号减弱到事先确 定的切换阈值时， 移动终端执行如下的从无线局域网系统到 CDMA2000 IX系统 的切换步骤。 移动终端执行 CDMA200G IX系统的接入起呼（步骤 206 ), 基站允 许移动终端接入后， 在分组控制功能节点与分组数据服务节点之间建立 R- P连 接（步骤 207 )。 当分组控制功能节点与分组数据服务节点之间的 R-P连接建立 成功后， 分组数据服务节点确定该用户为切换用户， 即为与分组数据服务节点 已建立链路连接的用户， 然后移动终端与分组数据服务节点之间通过分组控制 功能节点进行数据传输（步骤 208 ), 最后分组数据服务节点释放无线接入点网 关与分组数据服务节点之间的 R- P连接（步骤 209 )。
通过上述步骤即完成了移动终端从无线局域网系统接入， 而后切换到 CDMA2000 IX 系统的过程。 在切换过程中， 采用了先建立新链路， 然后断开原 有链路的方法， 并且在切换过程中分组数据服务节点不变， 不进行点对点 PPP 的重新协商， 因而保证用户数据的不中断传输， 实现了无缝的连接。
同样， 当移动终端接入 CDMA2000 IX系统后， 会不断检测无线局域网的信 号， 如果检测到无线局域网的信号， 移动终端可根据一定的原则， 如事先确定 的信号强弱程度阔值， 或事先确定的进行切换的准则， 进行从 CDMA2000 IX系 统到无线局域网系统的切换。
图 3为移动终端接入 CDMA2000 IX系统以及从 CDMA2000 IX系统切换到无 线局域网系统的切换实施例， 在切换过程中分组数据服务节点不变。
移动终端接入 CDMA2000 IX系统的步骤如下所述。 移动终端进行 CDMA2000 IX系统的拨号起呼（步骤 301 ),在分组控制功能节点与分组数据服务节点之间 建立 R-P连接（步骤 302 )。 然后移动终端与分组数据服务节点之间进行点对点 PPP链路的协商 （步骤 303 )， 当移动终端与分组数据服务节点之间的 PPP链路 建立成功后， 分组数据服务节点为移动终端提供数据传输的服务。
当移动终端检测到无线局域网的信号后， 移动终端与无线接入点之间建立 连接（步骤 305 )。 移动终端根据一定准则， 选择是否需要进行切换。 当移动终 端决定从 CDMA2000 IX系统切换到无线局域网系统时， 进行 PPPoE拨号， 与无 线接入点网关之间进行 PPPoE发现阶段的协商（步骤 306 )。 当无线接入点网关 允许移动终端接入后， 向分组数据服务节点发送 Al l注册请求消息， 如果分组 数据服务节点接收此注册请求消息，向无线接入点网关返回 Al l注册应答消息， 无线接入点网关收到此应答消息后， R-P连接建立成功 （步骤 307 )。 然后分组 数据服务节点确定该移动终端为切换用户， 移动终端与分组数据服务节点之间 通过无线接入点网关进行数据传输（步骤 308 ), 同时分组数据服务节点释放分 组控制功能节点与分组数据服务节点之间的 R-P连接（步骤 309 )。
通过上述步骤即可完成移动终端从 CDMA2000 IX系统接入， 以及切换到无 线局域网系统的过程。 在切换过程中， 同样采用先建立新的链路， 然后再断开 原有链路的方法， 并且在切换过程中不进行点对点 PPP的重新协商， 用户数据 的传输也不中断。
在 WLAN系统和 CDMA2000 IX系统中， 用户的身份是唯一的， 这样用户可以 在 WLAN模式下使用其在 CDMA2000 IX系统中的 NAI或 MS ID来进行认证和计费。
综上所述， 本发明提出的移动终端在 CDMA2000 IX系统与无线局域网系统 之间切换的方法， 通过无线接入点网关 APGW, 使用标准的 R-P接口和分组数据 服务节点的切换功能实现了两个系统之间的无缝切换， 达到了 CDMA2000 IX系 统与无线局域网系统的有机融合。 本发明所述切换方法也适用于 CDMA2000 IX EV- D0、 CDMA2000 IX EV-DV与无线局域网系统之间的切换。
最后所应说明的是， 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制 , 尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明， 本领域的普通技术人员应当理 解， 可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换， 而不脱离本发明技术方 案的精神和范围， 其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种移动终端从无线局域网系统切换到 CDMA2000 IX系统的方法， 其 特征在于， 包括以下步骤：
步骤 1、 当移动终端检测到无线局域网系统的信号减弱或已经丢失时， 移 动终端确定是否从无线局域网系统切换到 CDMA2000 IX系统， 如果切换， 则执 行步骤 2; 否则， 继续使用原有无线局域网系统提供的服务或断开连接；
步骤 2、 移动终端进行 CDMA2000 IX系统的起呼， 当基站允许移动终端接 入后， 分组控制功能节点建立与分组数据服务节点的 R-P连接；
步骤 3、 分组数据服务节点确定该移动终端为切换用户后， 为该移动终端 建立到 CDMA2000 IX系统的数据传输通道；
步骤 4、 移动终端和分组数据服务节点之间通过分组控制功能节点进行数 据传输， 同时分组数据服务节点断开该移动终端在无线局域网系统中建立的分 组数据服务节点与无线接入点网关之间的 R-P连接。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的移动终端从无线局域网系统切换到 CDMA2000 IX 系统的方法， 其特征在于， 在切换过程中， 所述移动终端与所述分组数据服务 节点之间的数据传输， 通过无线接入点网关转发。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的移动终端从无线局域网系统切换到 CDMA2000 IX 系统的方法， 其特征在于， 所述步骤 3中， 分组数据服务节点直接使用原有链 路的 PPP连接信息， 不进行点对点链路的重新协商。
4、 一种移动终端从 CDMA200G IX系统切换到无线局域网系统的方法， 其 特征在于， 包括以下步骤：
步骤 1、 移动终端检测到无线局域网信号后， 与无线局域网中的接入点连 接， 移动终端确定是否从 CDMA2000 IX系统切换到无线局域网系统， 如果确定 切换， 则执行步骤 2; 否则， 继续使用原有 CDMA2000 IX提供的服务；
步骤 2、 移动终端进行无线局域网系统的拨号连接， 与无线接入点网关建 立连接；
步骤 3、 无线接入点网关允许移动终端接入后， 无线接入点网关与分组数 据服务节点之间建立 R-P连接；
步骤 4、 分组数据服务节点确定该移动终端为切换用户后， 为该移动终端 建立到无线局域网系统的数据传输通道；
步骤 5、 移动终端与分组数据服务节点之间通过无线接入点网关进行数据 传输， 同时分组数据服务节点断开该移动终端在 CDMA2000 IX系统中建立的分 组数据服务节点与分组控制功能节点之间的 R-P连接。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的移动终端从 CDMA2000 IX系统切换到无线局域 网系统的方法， 其特征在于， 在所述切换过程中， 移动终端与分组数据服务节 点之间的数据传输通过分组控制功能节点转发。
6、 根据权利要求 4所述的移动终端从 CDMA2000 IX系统切换到无线局域 网系统的方法， 其特征在于， 在所述步骤 2中， 移动终端采用 PPPoE方式进行 拨号。
7、 根据权利要求 4所述的移动终端从 CDMA2000 IX系统切换到无线局域 网系统的方法， 其特征在于， 所述步骤 3进一步包括： 当无线接入点网关允许 移动终端接入后， 向分组数据服务节点发送 Al l注册请求消息， 如果分组数据 服务节点接收到该注册请求消息，则向无线接入点网关返回 Al l注册应答消息， 无线接入点网关接收到此应答消息后， R-P连接建立成功。
8、 根据权利要求 4所述的移动终端从 CDMA2000 IX系统切换到无线局域 网系统的方法， 其特征在于， 所述步骤 4中， 分组数据服务节点直接使用原有 链路的 PPP连接信息。
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