WO2005025283A1 - 半田付け方法とそのための液体塗布装置 - Google Patents
半田付け方法とそのための液体塗布装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005025283A1 WO2005025283A1 PCT/JP2004/013252 JP2004013252W WO2005025283A1 WO 2005025283 A1 WO2005025283 A1 WO 2005025283A1 JP 2004013252 W JP2004013252 W JP 2004013252W WO 2005025283 A1 WO2005025283 A1 WO 2005025283A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- soldering
- solder
- wiring board
- printed wiring
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
- H05K3/32—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
- H05K3/34—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
- H05K3/3494—Heating methods for reflowing of solder
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/07—Treatments involving liquids, e.g. plating, rinsing
- H05K2203/0736—Methods for applying liquids, e.g. spraying
- H05K2203/075—Global treatment of printed circuits by fluid spraying, e.g. cleaning a conductive pattern using nozzles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/07—Treatments involving liquids, e.g. plating, rinsing
- H05K2203/0756—Uses of liquids, e.g. rinsing, coating, dissolving
- H05K2203/0776—Uses of liquids not otherwise provided for in H05K2203/0759 - H05K2203/0773
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for soldering a printed wiring board on which electronic components such as ICs are mounted at a high density, and a liquid coating apparatus therefor.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-158433
- Patent Document 2 “Approach to Lead-Free Soldering” (Risho Kogyo Co., Ltd., RI SHO Products)
- Non-Patent Document 1 "Forced Convection Type N2 Reflex Port Device for Lead-Free Solder” (YAMATO WORKS Corporation, 2000 and below, Non-Patent Document 2)
- lead-free solder is required, and lead-free solder has been used instead of conventional lead-based solder (eutectic solder: melting point 180 degrees).
- Fig. 4 shows a typical temperature curve in a reflow furnace.
- a temperature profile as shown in the graph is necessary from the relation of the heat-resistant temperature of the component (at about 240).
- the heat-resistant temperature of the component at about 240.
- it is exposed to a temperature above the melting point at 180 for 1 hour (50 to 70 sec) and exposed to a temperature above the melting point for a sufficient time, but the melting point at a higher temperature than 40
- T2 time (20-40 sec) is applied to the temperature above the melting point, and the melting conditions are very disadvantageous. It was required, and in many cases the solder did not melt sufficiently depending on various conditions.
- Q 60 to 90 sec is the preheating time, which is used to uniformly warm the work and more reliably perform the final soldering.
- the difficulty of lead-free soldering is that especially in ICs such as SOPs and QFPs, where the IC lead pitch is small, irregular shapes such as the flow direction in the printed wiring board line, mounting density, and electrolytic capacitors It greatly changes depending on how the parts are gathered.
- IC leads provided near the tip of the printed circuit board that enters the reflow furnace are often not soldered sufficiently.
- the temperature state when mounted and entering the reflow soldering furnace is the temperature of the SOP or QFP-shaped IC lead terminal when flowing in the direction of the line indicated by the arrow in FIG. Is affected by the flow direction of the board, the heat capacity of the components, the density, the position of the heater, the flow of air in the furnace, etc.
- the F1, F2 portions in front of the lead terminals of the IC in FIG. The temperature is lower than the Rl and R2 portions behind the lead terminals. Then, the soldering of the portions Fl and F2 tends to be defective.
- the actual measurement of the temperature over time for the F1 and F2 parts This is shown by the B curve in FIG. 5 of the explanatory diagram showing the upper temperature state.
- a carp is a temperature curve of the R 1 and R 2 portions where no failure of the present invention described later is observed.
- the C curve is the surface temperature of the upper surface of the substrate and the surface of the electrolytic capacitor. If the curve in this graph exceeds the heat-resistant temperature of the part (about 240 ° C), the part will fail. For example, in the case of an electrolytic capacitor, deterioration starts.
- Graph B it can be seen from the graph that the heating time equal to or higher than the melting point of the present solder is only t 2, and the solder melting is not sufficient.
- Fig. 6a For reference, the actual nature of the defect is shown in Fig. 6a, where the part where the defect is partially damaged is enlarged, and a peeling part (crack) occurs in the intermediate layer of the solder part (low melting point metal concentration phenomenon). .
- the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems against the spread of lead-free solder, avoids high-temperature and long-time heating from the viewpoint of component protection, and ensures reliable soldering at as low a temperature as possible for a short time. It is an object of the present invention to provide a soldering method that can be performed and a liquid applying apparatus for the method.
- the soldering method of the present invention includes a step of applying a liquid to a mounting surface between a partial crystal mounting step and a solder reflow step as shown in FIG. 1 in a printed wiring board mounting. It is characterized by having been inserted.
- the liquid is a liquid that is compatible with a flux or a solder cream.
- the liquid is characterized in that no residue remains after evaporation such as coal and water, and the liquid may be applied only to a specific portion of a printed circuit board.
- the liquid coating apparatus of the present invention for solving these problems includes a liquid tank containing at least a coating liquid, a pump for feeding the coating liquid, and spraying the coating liquid onto the mounting surface of the printed wiring board. It is provided with a spray section, a pipe for transporting the coating liquid, and the like.
- a plurality of spray nozzles and a coating masking template for preventing coating on unnecessary portions may be provided for specific portion coating. Further, in this apparatus, a vacuum for collecting the coating liquid and a cooling liquefaction apparatus may be provided.
- this apparatus may be integrated with a reflow furnace as a pre-process of preheating.
- the above-mentioned soldering method and the above-mentioned liquid application device allow the soldering portion before reflow to be wet with a liquid, thereby increasing the temperature to the melting point of the solder in a short time and sufficiently heating the solder. This ensures that soldering can be performed reliably and prevents poor soldering.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing each step of a soldering method according to one embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid application device according to one embodiment
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state of applying a liquid to a printed wiring board by a liquid applying apparatus
- FIG. 4 is a view showing a temperature profile in a reflow furnace
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a temperature state on the printed wiring board
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state of defective soldering
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a defective portion in a conventional soldering method
- FIG. 8 is a diagram of a conventional soldering method.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing each step. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing each step of a soldering method according to one embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid coating apparatus according to one embodiment
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a liquid application state of FIG.
- portions corresponding to those in FIG. 8, which is an explanatory diagram of each conventional process, are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the steps of the soldering method of the present embodiment include a cream solder printing step 101, an adhesive applying step 111, an electronic component mounting step 121, a liquid applying step 131, a reflow soldering step.
- the process consists of 14 1 to obtain the finished product 15 1.
- the squeegee 10 is pressed by pressing the metal plate 104 from above with the electronic component mounting surface 103 of the printed wiring board 102 facing up. 5 is moved from one end to the other end, and cream solder 106 is printed and printed on electronic component mounting surface 103. In other words, a suitable amount of cream solder 106 is applied to the portion to be soldered.
- the adhesive 1 1 5 is mounted on the printed wiring board 1 1 2 that has completed the previous process from the adhesive application section 1 1 4 of the X-Y mobile robot 1 1 3, and the electronic components are mounted. Apply it where it should be.
- the IC 1 2 5, the chip component 1 2 6, and the electronic component chuck 1 2 4 of the X-Y moving robot 1 2 3 Mount capacitors 127, etc.
- the printed circuit board 1 3 2 Spray the liquid 1 3 4 with the spray nozzle 1 3 3 on the mounting surface. This liquid will be described later.
- the printed wiring board 14 2 which has been subjected to the previous step, is placed on a conveyor 144 of a reflow furnace 144 and transferred at an appropriate speed. In the meantime, it is heated by the heater 145 at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time. A plurality of sets of the heaters 145 are arranged, and a temperature profile as shown in FIG. 4 is obtained by lowering the temperature near the entrance and gradually increasing the temperature. Then, it is cooled by the cooling device 146 to obtain the finished product 155. Air is blown into the furnace from the fan hole 147 to equalize the temperature in the direction perpendicular to the printed wiring board transfer direction.
- a printed wiring board mounted on the basis of such a principle is to be heated in a reflow furnace at least at a portion where the coating liquid is applied quickly and uniformly at all portions, and to perform a uniform soldering without defects. It is.
- the liquid application means that the liquid may be manually applied with a brush, a brush, or the like.
- the transfer may be performed with a paddle roller, or the liquid may be sprayed and ejected with a liquid application device as shown in FIG.
- the liquid applicator shown in Fig. 2 has a liquid tank 203 containing an application liquid 202 in an apparatus housing 201, a pump 204 for feeding the application liquid 202, and sprays the application liquid.
- a printed wiring board transport conveyor 210 that transports a certain printed wiring board 209, a vacuum fan 211 that sucks the vaporized coating liquid, a cooling device 221 that cools and liquefies the vaporized coating liquid, liquefied It comprises a collection tank 2 13 for storing the coating liquid, a control circuit 2 14 for controlling the liquid coating apparatus, and the like.
- the coating liquid 202 is sent to the spraying section 208 by the feed pump 204, and is sprayed by the spray nozzle 205 to print the printed wiring board 209 on the printed circuit board conveyor 210.
- the masking spray cover 206 and the vacuum cover 206 are uneconomical even when sprinkling unnecessary liquid at the time of application and have environmental problems, so they are used so that they are not applied to unnecessary places. Further, for masking, an unillustrated template or the like may be prepared for each printed wiring board.
- the scattered cloth liquid is vacuumed by the vacuum fan 211, cooled by the cooling device 212, and collected in the collection tank 211.
- the liquid to be applied here must be one that has little effect on the state of the cream solder and electronic components in the reflow oven. Even after soldering, the electrical properties, insulation properties and durability of the electronic crystal should not be affected. It is desirable that no residue remains after evaporation. Therefore, solvents that are compatible with cream solder and flats, such as alcohol, especially isopropyla Preferred are alcohol, a diluent thereof, high-purity water, and the like. It is also possible to use petroleum or tkov solvents.
- the liquid used is not limited to those exemplified above.
- isopropyl alcohol which is a solvent for the general cream solder.
- the viscosity of the cream solder is reduced by using isopropanol which is compatible with the terminating solder, the thinned terminating solder is drawn to the lead terminals by the surface tension due to the melting of the solder. There is no problem in practice.
- Patent Document 2 a water-soluble solder flux composition as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-14747 (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 2). And compatible water would be used.
- FIG. 4 showing a temperature profile in a reflow furnace by the above-described method and apparatus
- a conventional method is used, a certain portion on a printed wiring board is According to the present invention, the temperature rise is in a state like curve B in FIG. 5, but the printed wiring board is heated quickly by wetting with a liquid and becomes a temperature state like carp A according to the present invention.
- the cream solder is sufficiently heated and heated to a sufficient temperature and melted in a short time, so that defects such as peeling do not occur.
- the temperature difference exceeding the melting point of lead-free solder (in this example, 220 ° C.) should be minimized. Even if the time during which the temperature exceeding the melting point of the lead-free solder is applied is made as short as possible, sufficient soldering performance was obtained with the same peeling strength as when using conventional methods and equipment.
- liquid coating apparatus is provided independently in the figure, it may be provided integrally with a reflow furnace (not shown) as a preceding stage of the reflow furnace.
- the printed wiring board is described as being transported by the printed wiring board transport conveyor. However, there is no conveyor, and the printed wiring board may be fixed and the liquid may be applied. Alternatively, the material may be transported to a predetermined position, stopped there, and then applied. This method is suitable when using a fixed spray nozzle or when applying only a specific part using a template. Further, the configuration of the liquid application device in the above embodiment is an example, and any other method, such as transfer using a roller or application using a brush using a hand, may be used as long as the liquid can be applied.
- the actual temperature rise of the printed wiring board in the conventional method is as shown by force B in FIG.
- the printed wiring board is quickly heated by being wetted by the liquid, so that a temperature state like a curve A is obtained. If the temperature reaches this level, the cream solder will be sufficiently heated in a short time and the printed circuit board will be heated to a sufficient temperature even if the heating time at high temperature is short or the temperature slightly exceeds the solder melting point. This has an industrially advantageous effect that the solder melts, defects such as peeling do not occur, and component deterioration is suppressed.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Electric Connection Of Electric Components To Printed Circuits (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003355669A JP2005086191A (ja) | 2003-09-08 | 2003-09-08 | 半田付け方法とそのための液体塗布装置 |
JP2003-355669 | 2003-09-08 |
Publications (1)
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WO2005025283A1 true WO2005025283A1 (ja) | 2005-03-17 |
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PCT/JP2004/013252 WO2005025283A1 (ja) | 2003-09-08 | 2004-09-02 | 半田付け方法とそのための液体塗布装置 |
Country Status (2)
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JP (1) | JP2005086191A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005025283A1 (ja) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0747466A (ja) * | 1993-08-06 | 1995-02-21 | Tamura Seisakusho Co Ltd | 気相式はんだ付け方法およびその装置 |
JP2002314239A (ja) * | 2001-04-10 | 2002-10-25 | Seiko Epson Corp | 電子部品の実装方法、マスキング部材及び電気光学装置の製造方法 |
-
2003
- 2003-09-08 JP JP2003355669A patent/JP2005086191A/ja active Pending
-
2004
- 2004-09-02 WO PCT/JP2004/013252 patent/WO2005025283A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0747466A (ja) * | 1993-08-06 | 1995-02-21 | Tamura Seisakusho Co Ltd | 気相式はんだ付け方法およびその装置 |
JP2002314239A (ja) * | 2001-04-10 | 2002-10-25 | Seiko Epson Corp | 電子部品の実装方法、マスキング部材及び電気光学装置の製造方法 |
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JP2005086191A (ja) | 2005-03-31 |
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