WO2005021043A2 - Prodrogues a haut poids moleculaire - Google Patents
Prodrogues a haut poids moleculaire Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005021043A2 WO2005021043A2 PCT/FR2004/002162 FR2004002162W WO2005021043A2 WO 2005021043 A2 WO2005021043 A2 WO 2005021043A2 FR 2004002162 W FR2004002162 W FR 2004002162W WO 2005021043 A2 WO2005021043 A2 WO 2005021043A2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/62—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being a protein, peptide or polyamino acid
- A61K47/64—Drug-peptide, drug-protein or drug-polyamino acid conjugates, i.e. the modifying agent being a peptide, protein or polyamino acid which is covalently bonded or complexed to a therapeutically active agent
- A61K47/643—Albumins, e.g. HSA, BSA, ovalbumin or a Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin [KHL]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/56—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule
- A61K47/59—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyureas or polyurethanes
- A61K47/60—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyureas or polyurethanes the organic macromolecular compound being a polyoxyalkylene oligomer, polymer or dendrimer, e.g. PEG, PPG, PEO or polyglycerol
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/62—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being a protein, peptide or polyamino acid
- A61K47/65—Peptidic linkers, binders or spacers, e.g. peptidic enzyme-labile linkers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of prodrugs and more particularly prodrugs intended for the treatment and / or diagnosis of cancerous tumors and / or inflammatory reactions.
- Prodrugs are pharmacologically inactive molecules capable of transforming in vivo into drugs (active therapeutic agents) after certain chemical or enzymatic changes in their structure. Prodrugs allow the release of the drug, that is, the transformation of the prodrug into a drug, at an action site or target tissue rather than in the circulatory system or tissue non-target.
- prodrugs have so far been developed in order to obtain a high specificity of action, reduced toxicity and improved stability in the blood and / or serum.
- Prodrugs having the following basic structure have been described in the prior art: therapeutic agent, oligopeptide cleavable by an enzyme present in the extracellular environment of target cells, stabilizing or masking group.
- PCT patent application publication number WO 96/05863 describes in particular a prodrug of formula beta- Alanyl-Leucyl-Alanyl-Leucyl-Doxorubicin (or beta-ALA-LEU-ALA-LEU-Dox or beta-ALAL-Dox).
- This prodrug is stable in the blood, that is to say relatively insensitive to cleavage by peptidases from the blood, and is reactivated in vivo by peptidases secreted by a large number of tumor cells.
- the prodrug is successively hydrolyzed to Ala-Leu-Dox and then to Leu-Dox in the peritumoral extracellular environment.
- Leu-Dox enters the cell by diffusion where it is activated in the form of Doxorubicin (Trouet et al. 2001).
- the in vivo toxicity and activity studies with the above prodrug show a reduction in toxicity and a greater inhibition of tumor growth compared to Doxorubicin alone.
- pharmacokinetic studies show that its renal elimination half-life is short.
- the prodrug appears to be eliminated rapidly through the urinary tract (Dubois et al. 2002).
- PCT patent application publication number WO 00/33888 proposes the addition to the beta-Ala-Leu-Ala-Leu-Dox prodrug of a group masking the positive charge of beta-Alanine in order to improve its effectiveness.
- This masking group can be, for example, a polyethylene glycol (PEG).
- PCT patent application publication number WO 01/91798 describes prodrugs with improved stability in the circulatory system.
- the prodrugs can be PEGylated, i.e. PEG is used as a stabilizing and / or masking group.
- PEG PEGylated
- the binding of this polymer (PEG) leads to an improvement in the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the prodrugs and therefore a reduction in renal elimination, due to the size of the molecule. Indeed, the more the molecule is the greater the slower its elimination (Harris & Chess, 2003).
- the Applicant has prepared PEGylated prodrugs from a prodrug of Doxorubicin (described in patent application WO 96/05863) using different sizes of PEG, in order to to decrease its renal ultrafiltration by the bulky size of the compound, while retaining its prodrug properties
- the Applicant has coupled PEGs of increasing sizes (molecular weights from 350 to 20,000 passing through 750, 2000, 5000) to the beta-Ala-Leu-Ala-Leu-Dox prodrug.
- PEGs of increasing sizes (molecular weights from 350 to 20,000 passing through 750, 2000, 5000)
- cleavage tests were carried out in vi tro. The purpose of these tests was to evaluate the reactivation of PEGylated derivatives by the enzymes secreted by tumor cells (LS-174T and MCF-7/6) compared to the beta-Ala-Leu-Ala-Leu-Dox which is hydrolyzed in Leu-Dox in the presence of the conditioned medium of these cancer cells.
- the object of the present invention is precisely to offer a new prodrug structure in order to eliminate this phenomenon of steric bulk and to allow or facilitate the cleavage of the oligopeptide when the masking and / or stabilizing group is of large size, while by maintaining a high specificity of action, reduced toxicity and stability in the blood and / or serum, preferably in a mammal.
- This object is achieved by inserting a “molecular arm” or “molecular spacer” between the masking and / or stabilizing group (for example PEG) and the peptide sequence cleavable by an enzyme “specific” for this sequence.
- the molecular spacers according to the invention also referred to below as "spacers”, were chosen taking into account the hydrophilic properties of the units constituting the spacer.
- the present invention therefore firstly relates to a compound of formula (A) p - (EB) n - (I) m : in which: I is a substance of active interest on target cells, - A is a group increasing the half-life time of BI in the blood circulation, - EB is a linking group between A and I, where: - B is a structure selectively cleavable by an enzyme present only or preferably near or at the level of said cells targets - E is a hydrophilic spacer group, stable in the circulatory system, which moves A away from B so as to allow or facilitate the cleavage of B near or at the level of said target cells and thus allow or facilitate the release of I or the release of I with a remainder of B, - n is an integer between 1 and either the total number of reactive functions of I on which the EB bonding groups can be attached, or the total number of reactive functions of A on which the EB link groups can be attached - m is an integer between 1 and the total number of reactive functions of
- p, n and m are equal to 1.
- the compound is then represented by the formula according to AEBI.
- m is equal to 1 and n and p are identical and greater than 1.
- the compound is then represented by the following formula (AEB) t > ⁇ ⁇ I ⁇ where t represents a integer between 2 and the total number of reactive functions of I on which the AEB- group can be fixed.
- I can be represented by a polypeptide, such as a TNF-alpha cytokine molecule to which several AEB- groups are connected.
- p is equal to 1 and n and m are identical and greater than 1.
- A- (EBI) k> ⁇ or k represents an integer between 2 and the total number of reactive functions of A on which the group -EBI can be fixed.
- A can be represented by a polymer, such as a branched PEG molecule, to which several groups - EBI are connected.
- the active substance of interest (I) can be attached either directly to one or more structures B by a covalent bond, or indirectly via a “link arm”.
- the covalent bond can then be produced at the N-terminal or C- end end of the amino acid sequence according to its orientation, or at any other site of the oligopeptide (for example at the side chain of one of the amino acids).
- the link arm can have several functions such as facilitating the cleavage between B and I, providing an appropriate chemical bonding means between B and I, improving the process of synthesis of the compound , improve the physical properties of the substance of interest (I), provide an additional mechanism for intracellular or extracellular release of the substance of interest (I).
- This connection indirect can be carried out by any chemical, biochemical, enzymatic or genetic coupling process known to those skilled in the art.
- a homo- or heterofunctional bridging reagent of the succinimidyl 4- (N-maleimidomethyl) cyclohexane-1-carboxylate type (SMCC), bi or multifunctional agents containing groups alkyl, aryl, aralkyl or peptide, esters, aldehydes or acids of alkyl, aryl or arylalkyl, anhydride, sulfhydrile or carboxy groups such as derivatives of maleymil benzoic acid, maleymil propionic acid and derivatives succynimidyl, groups derived from bromide .
- SMCC succinimidyl 4- (N-maleimidomethyl) cyclohexane-1-carboxylate type
- the spacer (E) links the group A to the structure B. It is preferably hydrophilic and stable in the circulatory system.
- a spacer is "stable in the circulatory system" when less than 20%, preferably less than 10%, more preferably less than 2%, of the spacer is degraded or cleaved (especially by enzymes) in the blood circulating or during its storage in human blood at 37 ° C, for more than 2 hours.
- the spacer allows or facilitates the cleavage of the structure B near or at the level of the target cells and thus allows or facilitates the release of I or the release of I with a remainder of B.
- the spacer may have a size in length which may be the equivalent of the order of 1 to 100 amino acids.
- the size of the spacer can vary according to the molecular weight of the group A. According to this aspect, the size of
- the spacer is all the more important that the molecular weight of A is important.
- the spacer according to the present invention consists of or comprises at least one group chosen from: amino acid sequences; peptidomimetics; pseudopeptides; peptoids; alkyl, aryl or substituted arylalkyl chains; polyalkylglycols; polysaccharides; polyols; polycarboxylates; poly (hydro) esters.
- the spacer can also consist of a combination of at least two of these groups.
- the spacer is made up or comprises from 1 to 100, preferably from 1 to 20 and most preferably from 2 to 10, identical or different amino acids, chosen from the group comprising natural amino acids in D conformation, amino acids not genetically coded or synthetic amino acids and not cleavable by an enzyme present in the circulatory system, such as beta or gamma amino acids or the like.
- natural amino acids in D conformation is meant amino acids which are normally coded by the genetic code but which, instead of being naturally in L conformation, are synthesized in D conformation.
- amino acids not genetically encoded can be prepared synthetically or be derived from a natural source.
- the spacer consists of or comprises a sequence of identical amino acids chosen from: (D-serine) x or (D-threonine) x , where x is an integer between 1 and 20, preferably between 2 and 10, and most preferably between 2 and 6.
- the spacer is: (D-serine) - (D-serine) - (D-serine) - (D-serine), noted indifferently DSeryl-DSeryl-DSeryl-DSeryl, or (D-threonine) - (D-threonine) - (D-threonine) - (D-threonine), noted indifferently DThreonyl-DThreonyl-DThreonyl-DThreonyl.
- Amino acids are noted in the present invention either in three letter code or in one letter code, well known to those skilled in the art.
- the group A is a group which increases in vi vo the half-life time of BI in the circulatory system.
- This object is notably achieved when A reduces the renal elimination of the substance of interest I or of the compound BI; this elimination being based on the ultrafiltration by the kidneys of the compounds as a function of the size.
- the larger the compound the slower its elimination; renal elimination is ineffective for compounds with a molecular weight of at least 50,000 Dalton.
- This object can also be achieved by reducing the degradation by the hepatic metabolism of the compounds according to the invention.
- increasing the half-life time means increasing the residence time means of compounds in the blood or decrease blood or plasma clearance.
- the term “circulatory system” is understood to mean bodily fluids, more particularly the blood, and preferably the circulatory system of a mammal.
- the group A is hydrophilic or amphipatic.
- Groups A which are stable in the circulatory system are preferred (that is to say when less than 20%, preferably less than 2%, of the compound of formula (A) p - (E- B) n - (I) m is degraded or cleaved in the circulating blood (in particular by enzymes), during its conservation in human blood at 37 ° C for more than 2 hours), non-toxic for healthy cells, non-immunogenic, not - coagulants, or masking (that is to say preventing the substance of interest (I) from acting on the surface of a cell until it has been released from the prodrug).
- group A can also have one or more of the following properties: preventing non-specific cleavage and / or degradation of the EB linking group; inhibit the biological effects of the substance of interest until the substance of interest has been released from the prodrug; increase the stability of the compound in the circulatory system; solubilization properties (or increase solubilization) in water, blood and / or serum of the compound of formula (A) p - (EB) n - (I) m; targeting properties (or favoring targeting) of the compound of formula (A) p - (EB) n - (I) m towards the target cells.
- targeting properties of the compound of formula (A) p - (EB) n - (I) m towards the target cells it is meant that the group A allows the compound of formula (A) p - (EB) n - ( I) m to accumulate near or at the level of the target cells.
- This group A will then be said to be “biospecific”, that is to say capable of developing specific biological interactions and therefore of being recognized by biological entities of the living system.
- it can be grafted onto the surface of group A of peptide sequences such as antibodies, antigens or amino acid motifs such as arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) making it possible to selectively increase the adhesion of the compound according to the invention on the surface of certain cell types.
- RGD arginine-glycine-aspartic acid
- the group A can also consist of a biospecific copolymer by functionalization of pre-existing macromolecular chains by appropriate chemical groups with the aim of being recognized or also by copolymerization of functionalized monomers.
- group A is chosen from: polypeptides (such as polyglutamate, polyaspatate), immunoglobulins, albumin, polysaccharides, polymers or copolymers.
- Polymers can include polyvinylpyrrolidone, pyran copolymer, polyhydroxypropyl-methacrylamide-phenol, polyhydroxy-ethyl-aspanamide-phenol, poly (ethylene oxide) - polylysine substituted by palmitoyl residues, pol (lactic acid), poly (epsilon-caprolactone), poly (hydroxybutyric acid), polyorthoesters, polyacetals, polydihydropyranes, polycyanoacrylates and crosslinked or amphipatic block hydrogel copolymers.
- the group A is chosen from: a polyalkylene glycol, polyalkylene oxide, polyalkylene imine, copolymers of vinyl chloride.
- the group A is a copolymer of vinyl chloride
- the presence of sulfonate groups, or sulfonate and carboxylate is necessary so that the polymer does not develop a coagulating activity.
- the group A is chosen from a polyethylene oxide, a polyethylene imine, sodium styrene sulfonate (NaSS), sodium butyl maleate (MMBE), hydroxypropyl methacrylate or N- (2-hydroxypropyl ) methacrylamide (HPMA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), poly- [N- (2-hydroxyethyl) -L-glutamine] (PHEG), poly- [N- (hydroxyethyl) -DL-aspartamide] (PHEA ).
- the group A is a polyethylene glycol (PEG).
- PEG polyethylene glycol
- the size of the PEG can be between 200 and 50,000 Da, preferably between 350 and 20,000 Da and more preferably between 1,000 and 10,000 Da.
- the presence of these PEGs makes it possible to improve the pharmacokinetic (Duncan et al., 1994), pharmacodynamic properties and therefore a reduction in the renal elimination of the compounds according to the invention.
- another advantage known from the prior art is that PEG allows preferential accumulation in tumors. Indeed, PEGs with a molecular weight of 10 4 Da or more show a greater accumulation in tumors than in normal tissues (Greenwald et al., 2003, Seymour et al, 1995).
- the group A can also be an agent with therapeutic activity or agent with diagnostic activity.
- a group A having properties of agent with diagnostic activity may have elements with paramagnetic properties, that is to say possess in its electronic layers single electrons such as gadolinum, manganese and iron which in particular strengthen the contrast in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
- MRI magnetic resonance imaging
- polystyrene sulfonate to which iron is fixed.
- the subject of the invention is also compounds using one or more targeting substances capable of vectorizing the compound of formula (A) p - (EB) n - (I) m towards the target cells.
- the targeting substances can be antibodies, antigens, liposomes.
- the targeting substance (s) is (are) coupled (s) to the compound of formula (A) p - (EB) n - (I) m at the level of one or more group (s) A .
- structure B is selectively cleavable by an enzyme present only or preferably in the environment of the target cells.
- target cells is understood more particularly to mean cells which are involved in a pathology or which are of therapeutic or diagnostic interest. These target cells are preferably chosen from the group comprising primary or secondary tumor cells (metastases), stromal cells of primary or secondary tumors, neoangiogenic endothelial cells of tumors or tumor metastases, macrophages, monocytes, lymphocytes or polynuclear cells infiltrating tumors and tumor metastases. More particularly by
- “Selectively cleavable” means a cleavage which is dependent on the sequence to be cleaved.
- the sequence to be cleaved is preferably recognized by an enzyme present in the environment of the target cells and it is little or not degraded in the circulatory system or near non-target cells.
- the expression "in the environment of the target cells” means that the enzyme is present either only or preferably near or at the level of the target cells. It should be noted that even if the cleavage is not carried out only near or at the level of the target cells, the fact that the cleavage is preferably performed (or for the most part or in the majority of cases) near or at the level of the cells targets, makes this cleavage selective.
- the cleavage is said to be selective when the enzyme is found in greater concentration near or at the level of the target cells compared to the rest of the organism.
- the term “enzyme” more particularly means a hydrolase.
- the enzyme can be chosen from the group comprising peptidases, endopeptidases, lysosomal enzymes, lipases, glycosidases.
- the enzyme is a peptidase specific for tumor cells, tumor stromal cells, neoangiogenic endothelial cells, macrophages or monocytes.
- specific enzyme means a membrane enzyme or secreted only or preferably by the target cells in the extracellular medium of these target cells.
- the enzyme when the enzyme is specific for tumor cells, this can be chosen from the group comprising neprilysine (CD10), Thi and oligopeptidase (TOP), Prostate Specifies Antigen (PSA), plasmin , legumaine, collagenases, urokinase, cathepsins, matrix metallopeptidases.
- CD10 neprilysine
- TOP Thi and oligopeptidase
- PSA Prostate Specifies Antigen
- plasmin plasmin
- legumaine collagenases
- urokinase urokinase
- cathepsins matrix metallopeptidases
- structure B will comprise an amino acid sequence (or oligopeptide) cleavable by this peptidase; if the enzyme is a glycosidase (for example a sucrase), then structure B will comprise an oligosaccharide cleavable by this glycosidase; if the enzyme is a lipase, then structure B will comprise a lipid chain cleavable by this lipase, and so on.
- the invention preferably targets structures B comprising or consisting of an oligopeptide selectively cleavable by an enzyme present in the environment of tumor cells. These oligopeptides preferably comprise between 2 and 10 amino acids, and more preferably from 3 to 7.
- the invention relates to the following sequences (preferably in L conformation): Ala-Phe-Lys (SEQ ID n ° l), Ala-Leu-Ala-Leu (SEQ ID n ° 2) or beta-Ala-Leu-Ala-Leu, Ala-Leu-Lys-Leu-Leu (SEQ ID n ° 3), Ala-Tyr- Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu (SEQ ID No.4), His-Ser-Ser-Lys- Leu-Gln-Leu (SEQ ID No.5), Gly-Pro-Leu-Gly-Ile-Ala-Gly- Gln (SEQ ID No.
- the enzymes according to the invention are capable of selectively cleaving the structure B so as to allow the release of I or the release of I with a residue of B.
- the expression "release of I with a residue of B” is explained by l 'next example. If structure B is an amino acid sequence whose sequence is Ala-Leu-Ala- Leu, the substance of interest doxorubicin (BI being Ala- Leu-Ala-Leu-Dox) and the enzyme CD10, then this enzyme will cleave the amino acid sequence between Ala-Leu-Ala and
- Reactivation in the extrasanguinal compartment means the cleavage of the peptide link B of the prodrug of structure (A) p- (EB) n- (I) m by specific endopeptidases present in any organ or tissue (healthy or tumor for example) other than blood and preferably at the level of the target cells.
- the cleavage of structure B (for example a peptide) resulting in the release of an active form of the substance of interest I (for example a therapeutic agent).
- a substance of interest active on target cells (I) means a substance whose site of action is located or whose effect will be exerted on the surface or in target cells.
- such a substance of interest can be chosen from the group comprising a chemical agent, a polypeptide, a protein, a nucleic acid (DNA, sense or antisense RNA, single or double strand, complementary DNA, interfering RNA , and the like), an antibiotic, a virus or a marker, optionally coupled to a carrier substance (eg an antibody).
- Said substance of interest (I) is preferably an agent with therapeutic activity and more preferably an agent with therapeutic anti-tumor, anti-angiogenic or anti-inflammatory activity.
- the agent can have an extracellular or intracellular target (eg receptor) or site of action. It can also include a penetrating peptide sequence such as a sequence described in PCT patent application number WO 01/64738.
- I is chosen from the group of agents to anti-tumor therapeutic activity, comprising: vinca alkaloids such as vincristine, vinblastine, vindesine, vinorelbine; taxanes or taxoids such as paclitaxel, docetaxel, 10-deacetyltaxol, 1-epitaxol, baccatin III, xylosyltaxol; alkylating agents (or alkylating agents) such as ifosfamide, melphalan, chloraminophene, procarbazine, chlorambucil, thiophosphoramide, busulfan, dacarbazine (DTIC), mitomycins including mitomycin C, nitrosoureas and their derivatives (eg estramustine, BCNU, CCNU, fotemustine); platinum derivatives such as cisplatin and the like (e.g.
- antimetabolites such as methotrexate, eminopterin, 5-fluorouracil, 6-mercaptopurine, raltitrexed, cytosine arabinoside (or cytarabine), adenosine arabinoside, gemcitabine, cladribine, pentostatin, fludarabine phosphate, hydroxyureas; topoisomerase I or II inhibitors such as camptothecin derivatives (for example irinotecan and topotecan or 9-dimé thylaminomé-hydroxy-camptothécine hydrochloride), epipodophyllotoxins (for example etoposide, teniposide), amsacrine; mitoxanthrone; L-canavanine; antibiotics such as anthracyclines and for example adriamycin or doxorubicin, THP-adriamycin, daunorubicin,
- antimetabolites such as methotrex
- markers enzymes, antibodies, fluorescent or phosphorescent chemical molecules, molecules which can be used in scintigraphy.
- markers enzymes, antibodies, fluorescent or phosphorescent chemical molecules, molecules which can be used in scintigraphy.
- coumarin 7-amido-trifluoramethyl coumarin, paranitroanilide, 8-naphthylamide and 4-methoxy naphthylamide, fluorosceine, biotin, rhodamine, tetramethylrhodamine, GFP (green fluorescent protein), agents used in scintigraphy as radioactive isotopes, and derivatives of these compounds.
- the invention also relates to basic or pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts, hydrates, solvates, precursors, metabolites or stereoisomers, of said compounds according to the present invention.
- pharmaceutically acceptable salts refers to the non-toxic salts of the compounds according to the invention which can generally be prepared by reacting a free base of the compound according to the invention with a suitable organic or inorganic acid. These salts retain the biological efficiency and the properties of the free bases.
- water-soluble and water-insoluble salts such as acetates, ansonates (4, 4-diaminos t ilbene s -2, 2 '- disulf onates), benzenesulfonates, benzonates, bicarbonates, bisulfates, bitartrates , borates, bromides, buryrates, calcium edetates, camsylates, carbonates, chlorides, citrates, clavulariates, dihydrochlorides, edetates, edisylates, estolates, esylates, fumarates, gluceptates, gluconates, glutamates, gl co 1 y lar s any 1 ates, hexaf luorophosphates, hexylresorcinates, hydrabamines, hydrobromides, hydrochlorides, hydroxynaphtoates, iod
- the invention also relates to a composition comprising, as active principle at least one compound according to the present invention. It also relates to the use of such compositions for the formulation and preparation of biological, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, agrifood, diagnostic or tracing products.
- the invention relates more particularly to pharmaceutical formulations comprising at least one compound according to the present invention, which can be in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle, vector, diluent or excipient.
- a subject can be treated with a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound according to the invention.
- pharmaceutically effective amount means an amount capable of inducing the biological or medical response of a tissue, system, animal or human as expected by the researcher or the attending physician.
- compositions defined above can also comprise or be associated with at least one other active drug ingredient or at least one adjuvant well known to those skilled in the art (vitamin C, antioxidant agents, etc.) for being used in synergy with the compound according to the invention to improve and prolong the treatment.
- the compositions are particularly useful in that they have very low toxicity, or are not toxic.
- the pharmaceutical formulations according to the invention are capable of being used in vivo for preventive or curative purposes, for example viral infections, metastases, cell apoptosis (degenerative diseases, tissue ischemia ...), infectious diseases (viral, bacterial, by mycoses, ...), cancer and pathological neo-angiogenesis.
- the administration of the compounds according to the invention can be carried out by any of the modes of administration accepted for therapeutic agents. These methods include systemic administration for example oral, nasal, parenteral, or topical administration, for example transdermal, or even central administration, for example by intracranial surgery, or even intraocular administration.
- Oral administration can be by means of tablets, capsules, soft capsules (including delayed or prolonged-release formulations), pills, powders, granules, elixirs, tinctures, suspensions, syrups and emulsions. This form of presentation is more particularly adapted to the passage of the intestinal barrier.
- Parenteral administration is generally by subcutaneous, intramuscular or intravenous injection or by infusion.
- the injectable compositions can be prepared in conventional forms, either in suspension or liquid solution or in solid form suitable for extemporaneous dissolution in a liquid.
- One possibility for parenteral administration uses the implantation of a slow-release or prolonged-release system which ensures the maintenance of a constant level of dose, for example, according to US-A-3,710,795.
- intranasal administration suitable intranasal vehicles can be used.
- transdermal administration transdermal skin patches well known to those skilled in the art can be used.
- a transdermal release system allows continuous administration.
- Other preferred topical preparations include creams, ointments, lotions, aerosol sprays and gels.
- the compounds can be in solid, semi-solid or liquid form.
- the active principle can be combined with excipients such as: a) diluents, for example lactose, dextrose, sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol, cellulose and / or glycine; b) lubricants, for example silica, talc, stearic acid, its magnesium or calcium salt and / or polyethylene glycol; c) binders, for example magnesium aluminum silicate, starch paste, gelatin, tragacanth, methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and / or polyvinylpyrrolidone; where appropriate, d) disintegrants, for example starch, agar, alginic acid or its sodium salt, or effervescent mixtures; and / or e) absorbents, colors, flavors and sweeteners.
- excipients such as: a) diluents, for example lactose, dextrose, sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol,
- the excipient may, for example, be a fatty emulsion or suspension, or based on polyalkylene glycol, such as polypropylene glycol.
- Liquid compositions in particular injectable or to be included in a soft capsule, can be prepared for example by dissolution, dispersion, etc. of the compound according to the invention in a pharmaceutically pure solvent such as, for example, water, a saline solution of sodium chloride (NaCl), physiological saline, aqueous dextrose, glycerol, ethanol, an oil and like.
- a pharmaceutically pure solvent such as, for example, water, a saline solution of sodium chloride (NaCl), physiological saline, aqueous dextrose, glycerol, ethanol, an oil and like.
- the compounds according to the invention can also be administered in the form of delivery systems of the liposome or lipoplex type, such as in the form of small unilamellar vesicles, large unilamellar vesicles and multilamellar vesicles.
- Liposomes can be formed from a variety of phospholipids, containing cholesterol, stearylamine or phosphatidylcholines.
- a film of liquid components can be hydrated with an aqueous solution of the drug to form a lipid layer encapsulating the drug, as described in US-A-5,262,564.
- compositions according to the invention can be sterilized and / or contain non-toxic adjuvants and auxiliary substances such as preserving, stabilizing, wetting or emulsifying agents, agents promoting dissolution, salts for regulating the osmotic pressure and / or buffers. In addition, they may also contain other substances of therapeutic interest.
- auxiliary substances such as preserving, stabilizing, wetting or emulsifying agents, agents promoting dissolution, salts for regulating the osmotic pressure and / or buffers.
- auxiliary substances such as preserving, stabilizing, wetting or emulsifying agents, agents promoting dissolution, salts for regulating the osmotic pressure and / or buffers.
- agents promoting dissolution such as preserving, stabilizing, wetting or emulsifying agents, agents promoting dissolution, salts for regulating the osmotic pressure and / or buffers.
- they may also contain other substances of therapeutic interest.
- the compositions are prepared, respectively, by conventional methods
- the dosage for the administration of the compounds according to the invention is chosen according to a variety of factors including the type, species, age, weight, sex and medical condition of the subject; the severity of the condition to be treated; the route of administration; the state of the renal and hepatic functions of the subject and the nature of the particular compound, or salt, used.
- a normally experienced doctor or veterinarian will readily determine, and prescribe, the effective amount of the compound desired to prevent, reverse, or halt the progress of the medical condition to be treated.
- Any of the above pharmaceutical compositions can contain from 0.1 to 99%, preferably 1 to 70% of active ingredient.
- the oral dosages of the compounds according to the invention when they are used for the effects indicated will be 'between about 0.05 and 5000 mg / day, preferably between 5 and 1000 mg / day orally and preferably provided in the form of tablets containing 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 25.0, 50.0, 100.0, 250.0, 500.0 and 1000.0 mg of active ingredient.
- the effective levels of the compounds according to the invention will be in the range from 0.002 mg to 500 mg per kg of body weight per day.
- the compounds according to the invention can be administered in the form of single daily doses, or the total daily dosage can be administered in two, three or four doses per day.
- the present invention relates to a diagnostic agent, for implementation in vitro, consisting of or containing at least one compound according to the present invention.
- the compound according to the invention will then have as a substance of interest (I) a marker.
- a diagnostic agent can also be used in vivo.
- the present invention therefore also relates to a diagnostic kit which comprises said diagnostic agent. More particularly, the diagnostic kit comprises, in one or more containers, a predetermined quantity of a composition according to the invention.
- Figure 1 schematically represents the two methods of synthesis of PEGylees prodrugs of Doxorubicin.
- Figure 2 shows the cytotoxicity tests for Doxorubicin, beta-ALAL-Dox, PEG 2 ooo ⁇ beta-ALAL-Dox, PEG 20 oo-DSer-beta-ALAL-Dox and PEG 200 o- ( oSer) 4- beta-ALAL- Dox on MCF-7/6 cells.
- Cell survival was estimated by a cell viability test (WST-1, Roche Molecular Diagnostic).
- Graphs 2 A, B, C, D and E represent the survival of MCF 7/6 type cells (in% of the control) as a function respectively of the logarithm of the concentration of doxorubicin (A), beta-ALAL-Dox (B ), PEG 2 ooo-beta-ALAL-Dox (C), PEG 20 oo-DSer-beta-ALAL-Dox (D) and PEG 20 oo- (DSer) 4 -beta-ALAL-Dox (E).
- Figure 3 graphically shows the evolution of the average body weight of xenografted mice carrying LS-174-T tumors. The results are expressed as a percentage of the weights measured at the start of the treatment.
- Figure 4 graphically shows the change in the median of relative tumor volumes (RTV) in percentage from the start of treatment in days, groups of athymic mice carrying tumors of LS-174-T human colon carcinoma treated relative control (NaCl).
- RTV relative tumor volumes
- H Doxorubicin 6.69 ⁇ mol / kg
- A Doxorubicin 8.6 ⁇ mol / kg
- o Su-beta-ALAL-Dox 45 ⁇ mol / kg
- Figure 5 shows the inhibition of the first and the second phase of growth of LS-174T tumors Doxorubicin (Dox), PEG 20O Q- (DSer) 4 -ALAL-Dox and Su-beta-Dox to ALAL respective doses of 6.69 ⁇ mol / kg, 1 x 50 + 3 x 35 ⁇ mol / kg, and 50 ⁇ mol / kg, in comparison with the 0.9% NaCl control solution (/ v). All the mice received 4 iv injections on days 0, 7, 14, and 21.
- the minimum median T / C ratios (min T / C) of the relative tumor volumes (RTV) are given as a parameter of maximum efficiency.
- the time differences for a doubling of the medians of the RTVs of the treated groups compared to the control group (T - C) as well as the SGD (specific growth retardation) are calculated from the linear regression of the growth phase to determine the degree of activity according to the criteria established by the EORTC.
- the ratio of the slopes of the linear regressions of the evolution of the medians of the RTVs of the treated groups compared to the control group (Slope T / C), expressed in percent, are given as a growth speed comparison parameter.
- FIG. 6 represents an in vitro stability test for beta-ALAL-Dox (A), PEG 2 ooo-beta-ALAL-Dox (B) and PEG 2 ooo ⁇ (DSer) 4-beta-ALAL-Dox (C) in the serum medium.
- the results represent, as a function of time, the concentrations of the conjugates determined by HPLC.
- FIG. 7 represents an in vitro stability test of the compounds ALAL-Dox (A), beta-ALAL-Dox (B), PEG 2 ooo-beta- ALAL-Dox (C) and PEG 20 oo- (DSer) 4 - beta-ALAL-Dox (D) in human whole blood.
- the results represent the evolution as a function of time of the concentrations of the conjugates and of the possible metabolites formed, determined by HPLC.
- Figure 8 graphically represents the evolution of the average body weight of athymic mice carrying HCT-116 human colon carcinoma tumors. The results are expressed as a percentage of the weights measured at the start of the treatment.
- A PEG2000- (oSer) 4 -ALAL-Dox 53 ⁇ mol / kg;
- FIG. 9 represents the inhibition of HCT-116 tumor growth by the evolution of the ratio between the median of the RTV of the treated groups (T) and that of the control group (C) expressed as a percentage (T / C (%)) .
- Treatments (•) NaCl, (+) Su-beta-ALAL-Dox 30 ⁇ mol / kg; (A) PEG 2 ooo ⁇ (oSer) 4 -ALAL-Dox 53 ⁇ mol / kg; (*) PEG2000- (DSer) 4 -ALAL-Dox 110 ⁇ mol / kg.
- Figure 10 graphically shows the evolution of the survival of xenografted mice carrying HCT-116 tumors (in%).
- Figure 11 represents the inhibition of HCT-116 tumor growth by the evolution of the ratio between the median of the RTV of the treated groups (T) and that of the control group (C) expressed as a percentage (T / C (%)) .
- NaCl (- • -) PEG2 0 00- (DSer) 4-ALAL-D0X 200 ⁇ mol / kg (A), PEGooo-ALAL-Dox 200 ⁇ mol / kg (u).
- Figure 12 graphically represents the evolution of the survival of xenografted mice carrying melanoma B16-BL6 tumors (%).
- PBS control (•); (PEG 50 oo-ALAL) n -TNF ⁇ (m); (PEG5000- (DSer) 4 -ALAL) n ⁇ TNF ⁇ (A); (PEGsooo) n -TNF ⁇ ().
- Figure 13 graphically shows the evolution of the average body mass of xenografted mice carrying melanoma B16-BL6 tumors. The results are expressed as a percentage of the masses measured at the start of the treatment.
- PBS control (•); (PEG 50 o 0 -ALAL) n -TNF (B); (PEG 5 ooo- (DSer) 4 -ALAL) n -TNF ⁇ (A); (PEG 5000 ) n -TNF ⁇ ( ⁇ ).
- Figure 14 represents the inhibition of the growth of B16-BL6 tumors by the evolution of the ratio between the median of the RTV of the treated groups (T) and that of the control group (C) expressed in percentage (T / C (%) ).
- Example 1 Material & Methods 1.1) Cell Lines MCF 7/6 Cells: a variant of the MCF-7 line (Michigan Cancer Foundation Engel et al., 1978) which was obtained in 1970 from a pleural effusion in a patient with breast adenocarcinoma (Soûle et al, 1973). These cells come from Professor Mareel's laboratory in Ghent (Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology, University Hospital of Ghent, Belgium).
- LNCaP cells isolated in 1977 by Horosze ic et al. , from a biopsy of the supraclavicular lymph nodes of a patient with metastatic carcinoma of the prostate. This line comes from the ATCC (American Type Culture Collection. USA).
- LS-1 74 T cell line variant of the LS180 line, from a woman with colon adenocarcinoma. These cells very quickly form tumors after inoculation in athymic mice. These cells come from ECACC (European Collection of Cells Cultures. UK).
- HCT-11 cells 6 cell line established from a primary culture of human colon carcinoma cells. These cells form tumors after subcutaneous injection in athymic mice. These cells come from the ATCC (American Type Culture Collection. USA).
- Doxorubicin is supplied by Meiji Seika Kaisha Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan), succinyl-beta-Ala-Leu-Ala-Leu- Doxorubicin (Su-beta-Ala-Leu-Ala-Leu-Dox) (Fernandez et al., 2001), PEG 20 oo-Ala- Leu-Ala-Leu-Dox and PEG 2 ooo- (DSer) 4 -Ala-Leu-Ala-Leu-Dox were synthesized.
- PEGylated derivatives of Doxorubicin prodrugs were carried out using two different methods "A" and "B” ( Figure 1).
- the PEGylated derivatives of prodrugs of Doxorubicin synthesized according to one or the other of the two methods are the following: - PEG 2 ooo- (DSer) 4 -beta-Ala-Leu-Ala-Leu-Doxorubicine (1) - PEG2000 - (DSer) 4-Ala-Leu-Ala-Leu-Doxorubicin (2) - PEG 2 ooo _ (DSer) -beta-Ala-Leu-Ala-Leu-Doxorubicin (3) - PEG2ooo _ beta-Ala-Leu- Ala-Leu-Doxorubicin (4) - PEG 20 oo _ Ala-Leu
- Synthesis method "B” peptide synthesis on solid support (SPPS) by Fmoc chemistry (Fluorenyl-L-methoxycarbonyl) The principle of this method is the synthesis of the PEGylated peptide sequence on solid polymeric support (Wang type resin ) and then the coupling between the
- PEG 2 ooo "" peptide-OH obtained and Doxorubicin.
- the principle of SPPS is to successively hang on a solid support (Wang type resin) the different amino acids of the expected peptide according to procedures known to those skilled in the art (Merrifield, 1963 and 1965; Steward and Young, 1969).
- Peptide synthesis on solid support The synthetic peptides are obtained by peptide synthesis on solid support in a manual synthesis reactor (AnaSpec), by the chemistry of the Fmoc group, for example.
- All the resins used (AnaSpec or Novabiochem) during the synthesis on solid support are Wang resins having the first protected amino acid pre-attached with an initial substitution given by the supplier between 0.4 and 0.7 mmol / g of resin.
- the amino acids Fmoc were supplied by AnaSpec or Novabiocem, with the protective groups on the side chain as follows: trityl (Asn, Cys, Gin, and His), Acm (Cys), Boc (Lys and Trp), O-tert -Butyl (Asp and Glu), tert-Butyl (Ser, Thr, Tyr) and Pbf (Arg).
- PEG-SPA polyethylene glycols of desired molecular weight
- OSu pre-activated hydroxysuccinimidyl ester
- DMF dimethylformamide
- the coupling agent used during the synthesis is HCTU (3-oxide of ÎH-Benzotriazolium 1- [bis (dimethylamino) methylene] -5chlorohexafluorophosphate (1-)) or HBTU (2- (1H-benzotriazole-1 - yl) -1, -1, -3, -3-tetramethyluroniumhexafluorophosphate) or HATU (O- (7-Azabenzotriazol-l-yl) -N, -N, -N ', -N' - tetramethyluroniumhexafluorophosphate) in DMF .
- Standard amino acid coupling cycles are performed as follows: 3 x 30 seconds, washing with DMF; 3 x 2 minutes then 1 x 7 minutes, deprotection with piperidine diluted to 20% in DMF; 5 x 20 seconds, washes with DMF; 2 x 15 minutes of coupling with the amino acid (2 eq.), The coupling agent (2 eq.) And DIPEA (4 eq.) followed by 3 x 30 seconds of washing with DMF.
- the lowering of the substitution of the initial commercial resin is carried out by the addition of 0.5 to 0.3 molar equivalents of the first Fmoc-AA-OH to be coupled according to the desired sequence (desired final substitution of the order of 0 , 1 to 0.22 mmol / g) followed by acetylation of the remaining amino groups (Virender et al., 1981).
- the coupling of each amino acid is verified by a Kaiser test well known to those skilled in the art (Kaiser et al. 1970).
- PEGylation on the Wang solid support is obtained by coupling 2 x 2 days of the active form of PEG-SPA ester (Nektar) and DIPEA.
- the chemical cleavage of the covalent link connecting the PEGylated peptide to the solid Wang support is obtained with a mixture consisting of t rifluoroacetic acid (TFA): water: triisopropylsilane (TIS) in the proportions 95: 2.5: 2.5, added to the resin well dried in the manual synthesis reactor and for three hours.
- TSA t rifluoroacetic acid
- TIS triisopropylsilane
- the acid peptide is analyzed by HPLC chromatography with a column (reverse phase) of VYDAC type (C8, 5 ⁇ m, 250 x 4.6 mm), with a first solvent (solvent A) consisting of 0.1% Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in water and a second solvent (solvent B) consisting of 0.1% TFA in acetonitrile (ACN), with a gradient from 0% to 70% in 25 minutes for the solvent B.
- solvent A consisting of 0.1% Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in water
- solvent B consisting of 0.1% TFA in acetonitrile (ACN)
- the mixture is protected from light and stirred for 15 minutes at room temperature before the addition of 1.3 molar equivalents of HATU (coupling agent, PE Biosystem).
- the reaction is followed by analysis by HPLC chromatography (point 2.3. Above) for approximately 3 hours.
- the solvent is evaporated in vacuo.
- the residual product is taken up in water and extracted with dichloromethane.
- the product (2) preferably accumulates in the organic phase while the product (5) is mainly recovered in the aqueous phase.
- the organic phase containing the product (2) is concentrated by evaporation under vacuum and the product is precipitated with ether at room temperature.
- the precipitate obtained is dissolved in water before being lyophilized.
- the aqueous phase containing product 5 is recovered, frozen in an acetone and dry ice bath and lyophilized. Before lyophilization, the products were analyzed by HPLC (see point 2.2 above).
- the products are dissolved in a minimum volume of water and sterilized by filtration through a filter with a porosity of 0.22 ⁇ m.
- the culture medium used for the tests described below is RPMI 1 640 with Glutamax-1 containing 10% fetal bovine serum (serum medium) (SBF; Gibco-BRL).
- Cytotoxicity tests Cytotoxicity tests for Doxorubicin and derivatives were carried out with MCF-7/6 cells and LNCaP cells. The cells are removed by trypsinization, counted and then seeded in 96-well plates in 200 ⁇ L of serum medium. The cells are incubated for 24 hours at 37 ° C.
- the conditioned medium is recovered, centrifuged for 10 minutes at 300 g, buffered with 1 M Tris-HCl pH 7.5 (1 vol buffer + 19 vol medium) and concentrated 20 times by ultrafiltration (threshold of 10 kDa cut-off) (Tris: Trishydroxymethyl-aminomethane).
- Reactivation of PEGylated derivatives of the prodrug "peptide of Doxorubicin (beta-SAFER-Dox) by peptidases secreted by tumor cells was compared to that of the initial prodrug, beta-SAFER-Dox, which is hydrolysed in Leu- Dox and Doxorubicin during an incubation in medium conditioned by tumor cells.
- the compounds are diluted to 20 ⁇ M in the conditioned medium and incubated for 6 to 18 hours at 37 ° C. in a thermostated bath.
- the hydrolysis of the compounds is quantified by HPLC analysis (see point 7.1 below)
- the following PEGylee prodrugs were used: PEG 35 o-beta-ALAL-Dox PEG 75 o-beta-ALAL-Dox PEG 2 ooo-beta-ALAL-Dox PEG 50 oo-beta-ALAL-Dox 6.2) Stability in the culture medium PEG 2 000- (DSer) 4 -beta-Ala-Leu-Ala-Leu-Dox (1), PEG 2 0 00 - beta-Ala-Leu- Ala-Leu-Dox.
- beta-Ala-Leu-Ala-Leu-Dox (control) are diluted to 20 ⁇ M in 500 ⁇ L of medium containing 10% calf serum fetal (serum environment). samples are distributed in 24-well plates and incubated at 37 ° C in an atmosphere saturated with water and containing 5% of CO 2 . For each product, an extraction (Extraction method with acetonitrile see point 7.3 below) is carried out in triplicate at time 0 and after 1, 2, 6 and 24 hours of incubation. The samples are then analyzed by HPLC chromatography (see point 7.3 below).
- the samples are dissolved by adding 500 ⁇ L of a mixture containing 30% acetonitrile and 10% ammonium formate buffer (pH 4). The samples are then filtered and analyzed by HPLC chromatography (see point 7.3 below). 7.2) Extraction with acetonitrile In tubes containing 50 ⁇ L of sample to be extracted, 10 ⁇ L of internal standard (prolyl-daunorubicin) and 50 ⁇ M and 150 ⁇ L of acetonitrile are added. The tubes are shaken and centrifuged for 10 minutes at 13,000 g. The supernatant is diluted 4 times in formate buffer pH 4, centrifuged, then analyzed by HPLC chromatography (see point 7.3 below).
- internal standard prolyl-daunorubicin
- the clinical signs are monitored regularly (every hour during the first day and daily until the end of the study), as well as the weight which is measured at the same time as the tumor volume (mm 3 ).
- the growth of the tumor is checked twice a week by measuring with a caliper two diameters (or “diagonals") perpendicular to the tumor (the largest and the smallest “diagonal”).
- the median of the relative tumor volumes (RTV for "relative tumor volume") which express in percent the evolution of the medians of the tumor volumes compared to day 0 is calculated.
- growth inhibition is determined by calculating the ratio between the median of the RTV of the treated groups (T) and that of the control group (C) expressed as a percentage (T / C (%) ). The lowest T / C value is used as a parameter to estimate the maximum efficiency of the products used.
- the duration of tumor growth inhibition was evaluated by calculating the growth retardation between the treated groups and the control group (T - C) for a doubling (DT ("Doubling Time")) of the medians of the RTV (l '200% indication in Figure 5 representing the doubling time of the control group).
- the specific growth retardation (SGD for “Specifies Growth Delay”) is also calculated from the time necessary for a doubling of the median of the RTV in the different study groups.
- SGD is equal to (DT tra ity - DT Roie cont) / (U ⁇ control) •
- the activity of the various products tested was also evaluated based on the criteria recommended by the EORTC (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer) (Boven et al., 1992; Langdon et al., 1994) and presented in Table I. However, the way to estimate the effectiveness of the compounds has been adapted since the criteria proposed in the literature (Boven et al., 1992) are only valid for tumors which exhibit linear monophasic growth.
- the LS-174-T tumor used is characterized by growth in 2 phases; the terminal phase (phase 2) being much faster than the first phase (phase 1).
- T - C growth retardation
- SGD specific growth retardation
- the conjugates (PEG 50 oo) n-TNF, (PEGsooo-Ala-Leu-Ala- Leu) n-TNF ⁇ and (PEG5000- (DSer) 4 -Ala-Leu-Ala-Leu) n-TNF ⁇ were synthesized.
- N varies from 1 to 18 (18 being the total number of lysine per molecule of TNF ⁇ in its trimer form, knowing that each TNF monomer contains 6 lysine residues).
- the rhTNF ⁇ dissolved in 20 mM phosphate buffer pH 7.4 containing 1% mannitol is then added and the reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature overnight.
- the coupling product is recovered and the excess PEG-peptide-OH is removed by ultracentrifugation.
- the concentration of the final products is determined by a protein assay. 1.3)
- Male C57BL / 6J mice (from 5 weeks to delivery by Charles River Laboratories, France) were used.
- mice All animal handling is done in accordance with the recommendations of the UKCCCR (United Kingdom Co-ordinating Committee on Cancer Research; Workman et al., 1998) and FELASA (Federation of European Laboratory Animal Science Associ a ti ons; Nicklas et al., 2002; Rehbinder et al., 2000; Rehbinder et al., 1996) on the use and welfare of animals in experimental chemotherapy studies.
- the experimental chemotherapy study is carried out on conventional male mice of type C57BL / 6J carrying tumors of murine origin B16-BL6 (murine melanoma) previously grafted intradermally. The mice are selected and distributed in the different study groups so as to have an equitable distribution of tumor volumes.
- the different treatments are assigned to groups formed randomly.
- the treatments are administered by the iv route on days 0 and 3.
- the animals receive a constant volume of 10 ⁇ l / g of product (Workman et al., 1998).
- the clinical signs are followed regularly (every hour during the first day and daily until the end of the study), as well as the weight which is measured at the same time as the tumor volume.
- the growth of the tumor is checked twice a week by measuring with a caliper two diameters (or "diagonals") perpendicular to the tumor (the largest and the smallest "diagonal").
- the antitumor efficacy is quantified by the value of the T / C ratio (the lower corresponding to the maximum efficiency).
- Example 2 Effect of PEGylation on the Reactivation of a Doxorubicin Prodrug, Beta-ALAL-Dox, by Peptidases Secreted by Tumor Cells Beta-ALAL-Dox, PEG 3 5o-beta-ALAL-Dox Compounds , PEG 750 -beta-ALAL-Dox, PEG 20 oo-beta-ALAL-Dox and PEG 5 ooo-beta-ALAL-Dox (20 ⁇ M) were incubated for 6 hours in conditioned medium of MCF-7 tumor cells / 6 or LS-174T.
- Example 3 In Vivo Study of the Tumor Reactivation of PEGylated Derivatives of a Doxorubicin Prodrug
- the In Vivo Tumor Reactivation of PEGylated Derivatives of a Doxorubicin Prodrug was evaluated using an athymic mouse model carrying xenografts of LS-174T human colon carcinoma tumors.
- Table 3 below represents the average (obtained from 18 mice) of the concentrations of Dox and Leu-Dox accumulated in tumors at 2 and 72 hours after the injection of the test compound. Table 3
- EXAMPLE 4 Effect of the Insertion of a Spacer on the Reactivation by the Peptidases Secreted by the Tumor Cells of Doxorubicin PEGylee Prodrugs Beta-ALAL-Dox prodrugs (20 ⁇ M) were incubated for 6 to 18 hours conditioned medium of LS-174T or LNCaP tumor cells. The reactivation of the prodrugs (release of Doxorubicin and Leu-Dox) was measured by HPLC chromatography.
- Example 5 Cytotoxicity Tests of PEGylated Derivatives of a Doxorubicin Prodrug
- the MCF-7/6 tumor cells were cultured for 48 hours in a serum medium containing increasing concentrations of Doxorubicin, beta-ALAL-Dox, PEG 2000 - beta -ALAL-Dox, PEG 2 ooo-DSer-beta-ALAL-Dox or PEG2000- (DSer) 4 -beta-AL ⁇ L-Dox. They are then post-incubated for 24 hours in the presence of serum medium.
- the cytotoxicity of the products is estimated by a cell viability test (WST-1, Roche Molecular Diagnostic). The results of 3 independent experiments are presented in Figure 2.
- IC 50 values (inhibitory concentration at 50%) of Doxorubicin and of the beta-ALAL-Dox compound are respectively 0.045 ⁇ M and 158.48 ⁇ M which confirms the character beta-ALAL-Dox prodrug.
- Comparison of mean IC 50 values obtained for beta compounds ALAL-Dox and PEG 2 ooo _ beta-ALAL-Dox indicate that PEGylation inhibits the reactivation of the prodrug since PEG 2 ooo ⁇ beta-ALAL-Dox is not cytotoxic up to a concentration of 500 ⁇ M.
- the prodrug comprising a DSer between PEG and beta-ALAL-Dox (PEG 2 ooo-DSer-beta-ALAL-Dox) is not cytotoxic either.
- the prodrug comprising the molecular spacer (DSer) 4 between the PEG and beta-ALAL-Dox, (PEG 2 ooo _ (dare) 4 -beta-ALAL-Dox) is cytotoxic
- EXAMPLE 6 Efficacy Study of a PEGylated Derivative of a Doxorubicin Prodrug, Beta-ALAL-Dox, in a Xenograft Model of Human Colon Carcinoma LS-174T
- the Anti-Tumor Activity of Doxorubicin, succinyl-beta-Ala-Leu-Ala-Leu-Dox, and PEG20 0 0- (DSer) 4 -Ala- Leu-Ala-Leu-Dox was tested in an athymic mouse model (nu / nu NMRI ) carrying ectopic LS-174T human tumor xenografts.
- PEG2000- (oSer) 4-ALAL-D0X was administered for the first time by iv bolus at doses of 50 ⁇ mol / kg and 45 ⁇ mol / kg. Mortality was observed at the two doses administered. The doses administered were reduced from day 7.
- PEG2000- (DSer) -ALAL-Dox was injected at 35 ⁇ mol / kg and 25 ⁇ mol / kg (once a week, 3 injections).
- Figure 4 represents the evolution of the median of the relative tumor volumes (RTV) of the groups of treated mice (T) compared to the control (C) (NaCl). Although administered in doses below the maximum tolerated dose (BAT), all the products tested have anti-tumor activity.
- RTV relative tumor volumes
- C control
- BAT maximum tolerated dose
- two phases of tumor growth were observed ( Figure 5).
- the activity of PEG 2 ooo _ (oSer) -ALAL-Dox (1 x 50 + 3 x 35 ⁇ mol / kg) is comparable to that of Doxorubicin (6.69 ⁇ mol / kg) and is lower than that of Succinyl-beta-ALAL-Dox (50 ⁇ mol / kg).
- Example 8 Stability of PEGylated Derivatives of Doxorubicin Prodrugs in Human Whole Blood.
- the beta-ALAL-Dox, PEG 2 ooo _ ALAL-Dox, PEG 2 ooo _ beta-ALAL-Dox and PEG 2 ooo ⁇ (Dser) 4 -ALAL-Dox compounds were diluted to 20 ⁇ M in citrated human blood and incubated at 37 ° C. At different time points, the concentrations of the conjugates and of the possible metabolites formed were evaluated by HPLC.
- Figure 7 illustrates the evolution of the concentration of the products as a function of the incubation time.
- the ALAL-Dox compound was used as a control. The latter is not stable in the blood.
- the stability of the PEGylated derivatives tested may be due to the presence of unnatural amino acids (_Alanine or dSerine) but also to the PEG used as stabilizing group.
- Example 9 Efficacy study of a PEGylated derivative of a prodrug of Doxorubicin, beta-ALAL-Dox, in a xenograft model of human colon carcinoma HCT-116 The antitumor efficacy of PEG 2 ooo _ ( DSer) 4 -ALAL-Dox was compared to that of Succinyl-_ALAL-Dox in a model of human colon carcinoma xenograft HCT-116 implanted subcutaneously in Swiss nu / nu mice.
- PEG2000- (DSer) 4 -ALAL-Dox is toxic at 300 and 400 ⁇ mol / kg and induces weight loss and animal death (Figure 10). This toxicity suggests a greater reactivation in the extrasanguin compartment of PEG2000- (DSer) 4 -ALAL-Dox compared to PEG 2 ooo-ALAL-Dox. At an equimolar and non-toxic dose (200 ⁇ mol / kg), PEG2000- (DSer) -ALAL-Dox has better anti-tumor efficacy than PEG 2 ooo-ALAL-Dox ( Figure 10).
- TNF- ⁇ ⁇ The anti-tumor activity of (PEG 50 oo ⁇ (oSer) 4 -ALAL) n -TNF ⁇ was compared with that of (PEG5000) n-TNF ⁇ , and (PEG 5 ooo-Ala-
- FIG. 13 shows the evolution of the average body weight in percent from the start of treatment as a function of time.
- the day after the first injection significant weight loss was observed in the groups treated with (PEG 50 oo-ALAL) n -TNF ⁇ and (PEG 50 oo- (DSer) 4 -ALAL) n-TNF ⁇ (from 15 and 28%, respectively).
- this weight loss was accentuated in the group treated with (PEG 5 ooo _ (oSer) 4 -ALAL) n -TNF ⁇ .
- the toxicity is low or zero (in weight loss) in the absence of a peptide between PEG and TNF ⁇ .
- the insertion of an ALAL link between these two parts induces a greater toxicity of the product reflecting its greater extrasanguine reactivation.
- the extension of this peptide (ALAL) by the insertion of a hydrophilic spacer (DSer) 4 induces a significant increase in the toxicity of the conjugate probably resulting from its increased sensitivity to reactivation in the extrasanguin compartment.
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006523656A JP2007503382A (ja) | 2003-08-22 | 2004-08-19 | 高分子量プロドラッグの活性化の可能性 |
AU2004268405A AU2004268405A1 (en) | 2003-08-22 | 2004-08-19 | Potentiation of the activation of high-molecular-mass prodrugs |
EP04786328A EP1701743A2 (fr) | 2003-08-22 | 2004-08-19 | Potentialisation de haut poids moleculaire |
CA002536442A CA2536442A1 (fr) | 2003-08-22 | 2004-08-19 | Potentialisation de l'activation de prodrogues de haut poids moleculaire |
BRPI0413843-0A BRPI0413843A (pt) | 2003-08-22 | 2004-08-19 | potencialização da ativação de pró-medicamentos de elevado peso molecular |
IL173760A IL173760A0 (en) | 2003-08-22 | 2006-02-16 | Potentialization of the activation of high-molecular-mass prodrugs |
US11/357,966 US20060281897A1 (en) | 2003-08-22 | 2006-02-22 | Potentialization of the activation of high molecular weight prodrugs |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0310114A FR2858936A1 (fr) | 2003-08-22 | 2003-08-22 | Potentialisation de l'activation de prodrogues de haut poids moleculaire |
FR0310114 | 2003-08-22 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/357,966 Continuation-In-Part US20060281897A1 (en) | 2003-08-22 | 2006-02-22 | Potentialization of the activation of high molecular weight prodrugs |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005021043A2 true WO2005021043A2 (fr) | 2005-03-10 |
WO2005021043A3 WO2005021043A3 (fr) | 2006-06-15 |
Family
ID=34112859
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2004/002162 WO2005021043A2 (fr) | 2003-08-22 | 2004-08-19 | Prodrogues a haut poids moleculaire |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1701743A2 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2007503382A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2004268405A1 (fr) |
BR (1) | BRPI0413843A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2536442A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2858936A1 (fr) |
IL (1) | IL173760A0 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2005021043A2 (fr) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005094898A2 (fr) * | 2004-03-23 | 2005-10-13 | Amgen Inc. | Compositions de protéines chimiquement modifiées et procédés |
WO2007105027A1 (fr) * | 2006-03-10 | 2007-09-20 | Diatos | Médicaments anticancéreux conjugués à un anticorps au moyen d'un lieur dissociable par une enzyme |
EP2208501A1 (fr) * | 2009-01-14 | 2010-07-21 | University of Ulsan Foundation For Industry Cooperation | Promédicament anti-cancer sensible à la protéase cible |
EP1966389B1 (fr) * | 2005-12-27 | 2019-07-10 | McMASTER UNIVERSITY | Essai pour effectuer des mesures sur des enzymes au moyen d'un substrat modifie comprenant un substrat fixe a une macromolecule via un espaceur |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BRPI0920655A2 (pt) * | 2008-10-07 | 2019-07-09 | Rexahn Pharmaceuticals Inc | conjugados e hpma-docetaxel ou gencitabina e usos dos mesmos |
AU2010306917B2 (en) | 2009-10-13 | 2014-11-27 | Rexahn Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Polymeric systems for the delivery of anticancer agents |
GB201700557D0 (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-03-01 | Peptinnovate Ltd | Novel peptides |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1996005863A1 (fr) * | 1994-08-19 | 1996-02-29 | La Region Wallonne | Composes, composition pharmaceutique et dispositif de diagnostic les comprenant et leur utilisation |
WO2001091798A2 (fr) * | 2000-06-01 | 2001-12-06 | Universite Catholique De Louvain | Composes de promedicaments a activation tumorale et procedes de fabrication et d'utilisation de ces derniers |
WO2001095945A2 (fr) * | 2000-06-14 | 2001-12-20 | Medarex, Inc. | Composes de promedicament a clivage enzymatique |
-
2003
- 2003-08-22 FR FR0310114A patent/FR2858936A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-08-19 JP JP2006523656A patent/JP2007503382A/ja active Pending
- 2004-08-19 BR BRPI0413843-0A patent/BRPI0413843A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-08-19 EP EP04786328A patent/EP1701743A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-08-19 WO PCT/FR2004/002162 patent/WO2005021043A2/fr active Application Filing
- 2004-08-19 AU AU2004268405A patent/AU2004268405A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-08-19 CA CA002536442A patent/CA2536442A1/fr not_active Abandoned
-
2006
- 2006-02-16 IL IL173760A patent/IL173760A0/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1996005863A1 (fr) * | 1994-08-19 | 1996-02-29 | La Region Wallonne | Composes, composition pharmaceutique et dispositif de diagnostic les comprenant et leur utilisation |
WO2001091798A2 (fr) * | 2000-06-01 | 2001-12-06 | Universite Catholique De Louvain | Composes de promedicaments a activation tumorale et procedes de fabrication et d'utilisation de ces derniers |
WO2001095945A2 (fr) * | 2000-06-14 | 2001-12-20 | Medarex, Inc. | Composes de promedicament a clivage enzymatique |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
GREENWALD R B ET AL: "Effective drug delivery by PEGylated drug conjugates" ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS 10 FEB 2003 NETHERLANDS, vol. 55, no. 2, 10 février 2003 (2003-02-10), pages 217-250, XP002275066 ISSN: 0169-409X cité dans la demande * |
KRATZ FELIX ET AL: "Development and in vitro efficacy of novel MMP2 and MMP9 specific doxorubicin albumin conjugates" BIOORGANIC AND MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS, vol. 11, no. 15, 6 août 2001 (2001-08-06), pages 2001-2006, XP002360788 ISSN: 0960-894X * |
MANSOUR AHMED M ET AL: "A new approach for the treatment of malignant melanoma: Enhanced antitumor efficacy of an albumin-binding doxorubicin prodrug that is cleaved by matrix metalloproteinase 2." CANCER RESEARCH, vol. 63, no. 14, 15 juillet 2003 (2003-07-15), pages 4062-4066, XP002360787 ISSN: 0008-5472 * |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005094898A2 (fr) * | 2004-03-23 | 2005-10-13 | Amgen Inc. | Compositions de protéines chimiquement modifiées et procédés |
WO2005094898A3 (fr) * | 2004-03-23 | 2007-03-15 | Amgen Inc | Compositions de protéines chimiquement modifiées et procédés |
EP1966389B1 (fr) * | 2005-12-27 | 2019-07-10 | McMASTER UNIVERSITY | Essai pour effectuer des mesures sur des enzymes au moyen d'un substrat modifie comprenant un substrat fixe a une macromolecule via un espaceur |
EP3660162A1 (fr) * | 2005-12-27 | 2020-06-03 | McMaster University | Analyse de mesure enzymatique utilisant un substrat modifié comprenant un substrat fixé sur une macromolécule par l'intermédiaire d'un espaceur |
WO2007105027A1 (fr) * | 2006-03-10 | 2007-09-20 | Diatos | Médicaments anticancéreux conjugués à un anticorps au moyen d'un lieur dissociable par une enzyme |
EP2208501A1 (fr) * | 2009-01-14 | 2010-07-21 | University of Ulsan Foundation For Industry Cooperation | Promédicament anti-cancer sensible à la protéase cible |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2004268405A1 (en) | 2005-03-10 |
IL173760A0 (en) | 2006-07-05 |
EP1701743A2 (fr) | 2006-09-20 |
WO2005021043A3 (fr) | 2006-06-15 |
CA2536442A1 (fr) | 2005-03-10 |
FR2858936A1 (fr) | 2005-02-25 |
JP2007503382A (ja) | 2007-02-22 |
BRPI0413843A (pt) | 2006-10-24 |
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