WO2005016557A1 - Procede et dispositif pour enduire des substrats colores ou non d'un revetement transparent - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour enduire des substrats colores ou non d'un revetement transparent Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005016557A1
WO2005016557A1 PCT/EP2004/008227 EP2004008227W WO2005016557A1 WO 2005016557 A1 WO2005016557 A1 WO 2005016557A1 EP 2004008227 W EP2004008227 W EP 2004008227W WO 2005016557 A1 WO2005016557 A1 WO 2005016557A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pigmented
actinic radiation
coating
layer
coated
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2004/008227
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hubert Baumgart
Gudrun Wiemann
Wolfgang Duschek
Andreas Janssen
Christian Bornemann
Original Assignee
Basf Coatings Ag
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Application filed by Basf Coatings Ag filed Critical Basf Coatings Ag
Publication of WO2005016557A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005016557A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C9/00—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important
    • B05C9/08—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material and performing an auxiliary operation
    • B05C9/14—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material and performing an auxiliary operation the auxiliary operation involving heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/06—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
    • B05D3/061—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation using U.V.
    • B05D3/065—After-treatment
    • B05D3/067—Curing or cross-linking the coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2202/00—Metallic substrate
    • B05D2202/10—Metallic substrate based on Fe
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0254—After-treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/56—Three layers or more
    • B05D7/57—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat
    • B05D7/576—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat each layer being cured, at least partially, separately

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new method for coating colorful and non-colored substrates with a transparent or pigmented coating.
  • the present invention relates to a new device for coating colored and colored substrates with a transparent or pigmented coating.
  • the present invention relates to the use of the new device for carrying out the new method.
  • the present invention relates to the use of the new method and the new device for producing substrates with color and / or effect (multi-layer) coatings.
  • Coating materials in particular clearcoats, which can be cured with actinic radiation or thermally and with actinic radiation (dual-cure) and which serve to produce transparent coatings, in particular clearcoats, have long been known.
  • actinic radiation includes electromagnetic radiation, such as near infrared (NIR), visible light, UV radiation, X-rays and gamma radiation, especially UV radiation, and corpuscular radiation, such as electron radiation, beta radiation, proton radiation, neutron radiation and alpha radiation, in particular electron radiation , Roger that.
  • the coating materials are solid, essentially or completely water and solvent-free powder clearcoats, liquid, essentially or completely water and solvent-free 100% systems, conventional, ie organic solvents containing, clearcoats and aqueous clearcoats, in particular powder slurry clearcoats.
  • the clearcoats and the clearcoats produced from them have numerous technological advantages. In this way, the clear coats can be applied without problems and hardened particularly quickly.
  • the resulting clear coats are, among other things, highly glossy and scratch-resistant.
  • a disadvantage is the tendency of the applied coating materials, in particular clear lacquers, to yellow when hardened with actinic radiation, so that yellowed (clear) lacquers are produced. Due to the yellowing, however, in the case of color and / or effect (multi-layer) lacquers, the hues and possibly the optical effects of the color and / or effect coatings under the clear lacquers can be changed in an undesirable manner. The yellowing can also adversely affect the hues and possibly the optical effects of the coating in the case of coloring and / or effect-giving single-layer coatings.
  • actinic radiation especially ultraviolet radiation
  • the dependency of the crosslinking density on the radiation dose is very small, ie the crosslinking is generally in accordance with the specification.
  • the low radiation doses lead to practical networking and to a certain extent solve the problem of yellowing, but it has been shown that the scratch resistance of the (clear) coatings is slightly lower than that of (clear) coatings that come with higher radiation doses have been cured.
  • the gap between scratch resistance or the visibility of the scratches and yellowing is a particularly serious problem in all continuous coating processes which are operated in a continuous system and in which there is a change in the hue of the substrates, i. that is to say that differently colored substrates have to be coated in succession.
  • This problem weighs particularly heavily in automotive OEM painting. In a paint shop in the line of an automobile factory, the number and sequence of hue changes depends on the receipt of customer orders. Thus, for example, a silver metallic painted body after a black painted body often has to be coated with a UV-curable clear coat. If a radiation dose which is advantageous with regard to yellowing is used, it may be that the black-painted automobile is no longer sufficiently scratch-resistant in the sense mentioned above.
  • the object of the present invention is to find a new method for coating colored and achromatic substrates of different hues with a transparent or pigmented coating, in which at least one transparent or pigmented, with actinic radiation or thermally and with actinic radiation (dual-cure) curable coating material is applied to the colored or achromatic surfaces of the substrates, after which the resulting layer is cured with actinic radiation or with dual-cure, and which no longer has the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • the new process is also intended to deliver non-or only slightly yellowed, scratch-resistant, transparent or pigmented coatings, especially clearcoats, on completely differently colored surfaces.
  • the new process should be able to be carried out continuously, so that even with frequent changes of hue no longer lasting and therefore uneconomical interruptions in production are necessary.
  • a control variable is to be provided for the new process, which allows the radiation dose used during curing to be optimally adapted to the respective hue of the surface to be coated or the pigmented layer of the substrates. Furthermore, it was the object of the present invention to provide a new device for coating successive, colored and achromatic substrates of different hues with a transparent or pigmented coating, in particular a clear coat, which no longer has the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • the new device should be able to be operated continuously. It should make it possible to optimally adapt the radiation dose used during curing to the respective hue of the surface to be coated or the pigmented layer of the substrates, without a more or less prolonged standstill in production when the hue is changed.
  • the new device should allow the new method to be carried out in a technically and economically particularly advantageous manner, particularly in continuous operation.
  • Coating material (4.1) is applied to the colored or achromatic surfaces (2.1) of the substrates (2), after which the resulting layer
  • the new device (1) for coating successively passing, colored and achromatic substrates (2) different hues with a transparent or pigmented coating was found, possibly including a conveying device (3) for transporting the substrates (2) which, through and away from the device (1), has a station (4) for applying at least one transparent or pigmented coating material (4.1) curable with actinic radiation or thermally and with actinic radiation (dual-cure) to the colored or achromatic surfaces (2.1) of the substrates (2),
  • the station (5) has at least one device (6) for regulating and limiting the total dose D of radiated actinic radiation, which is in the range from 500 to 5,000 mJcm "2 , depending on the hue of the surface (2.1) or the pigmented layer ( 4.2) of the substrate (2) just passing through the station (5).
  • the new process delivered coatings that were not or only slightly yellowed, scratch-resistant, transparent or pigmented, especially clearcoats.
  • the new process could be carried out continuously, so that even with frequent changes of hue no longer lasting and therefore uneconomical interruptions in production were necessary.
  • a control variable could be provided for the new process, which allowed the radiation dose used during curing to be optimally adapted to the respective hue of the surface to be coated or the pigmented layer of the substrates. It was particularly surprising that it needed the optimal adjustment
  • the control variable for each hue could already be derived from the dependence of the colorimetric measured yellowing on the radiation dose or in a further refinement from the dependence of the colorimetric measured yellowing on the radiation dose and the colorimetrically measured brightness of the hue. It was particularly surprising that the adjustment could already be carried out on the basis of colorimetric measurements at one measuring angle and in the further refinement on the basis of a colorimetric variable.
  • the device (1) according to the invention could be operated continuously. It made it possible to optimally adapt the radiation dose used during curing to the respective hue of the surface to be coated or the pigmented layer of the substrates, without causing a more or less long stoppage in production when changing the hue.
  • the device (1) according to the invention allowed the new method to be carried out, particularly in continuous operation, in a technically and economically particularly advantageous manner.
  • FIG. 1 The method according to the invention and the device (1) according to the invention are schematically explained in more detail by FIG. The reference symbols given above and below refer to FIG. 1.
  • conveyor device for transporting the substrates (2) to, through and away from the device (1), (4) station for applying at least one transparent or pigmented coating material (4.1) curable with actinic radiation or thermally and with actinic radiation (dual-cure) to the surfaces (2.1),
  • station which is upstream of station (4) and in which the substrates (2) are provided with a surface (2.1).
  • the method according to the invention serves to coat colored or achromatic substrates (2).
  • colorful and achromatic reference is made to Römpp-Online, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, New York, 2002, "achromatic color”, “achromatic dot”, “chromaticity” and “hue”.
  • substrates (2) are usually coated with protective, decorative and / or functional coatings.
  • the coatings can be color-imparting, optically effect-imparting, electrically conductive, magnetically shielding, fluorescent, phosphorescent, corrosion-inhibiting or protecting against mechanical damage.
  • you can also perform several of these functions. They are preferably color and / or effect. In particular, these are what are known as color and / or effect multi-layer coatings. However, it can also be a one-coat paint and / or effect paint.
  • the substrates (2) can be made from a wide variety of materials, such as metals, plastics, wood, ceramics, stone, textiles, paper, synthetic and natural fiber composites, leather, glass, glass fibers, glass and rock wool, mineral and resin-bound building materials, such as plaster - And cement slabs or roof tiles, as well as composites of these materials, exist or be built up. They are preferably metals and plastics.
  • the substrates (2) can be used to manufacture means of transportation, including aircraft, ships, rail vehicles, muscle-powered vehicles and motor vehicles, and parts thereof, indoor and outdoor structures and parts thereof, doors, windows and furniture, as well as in the context of industrial painting of hollow gaskets, coils, containers, packaging, small industrial parts such as nuts, screws or hubcaps, optical components, electrotechnical components such as winding goods, including coils and stators and rotors for electric motors, mechanical components and components for white goods, including household appliances, boilers and Radiators.
  • the bodies and parts thereof are preferably used for the production of automobiles.
  • the substrates (2) have colored or achromatic surfaces (2.1). The colors or non-colors of the surfaces (2.1) can be adjusted using a wide variety of measures.
  • the substrates (2) as such can have their own hue or achromatic tone, such as the metals copper or aluminum. They can also be colored in the mass, such as pigmented plastic molded parts.
  • the sparkleness or non-colourfulness can also be adjusted by pigmented plastic films (2.2) which are laminated onto the substrates (2).
  • Thedazzlingness or non-colourfulness is preferably caused by appropriately pigmented paints (2.1), in particular basecoats (2.1).
  • the basecoats can be produced using customary, known, pigmented coating materials (2.2).
  • Suitable pigmented coating materials (2.2), in particular water-based paints (2.2), are found in patent applications EP 0 089 497 A1, EP 0 256 540 A1, EP 0 260 447 A1, EP 0 297 576 A1, WO 96/12747 , EP 0 523 610 A1, EP 0 228 003 A1, EP 0 397 806 A1, EP 0 574 417 A1, EP 0 531 510 A1, EP 0 581 211 A1, EP 0 708 788 A1, EP 0 593 454 A1, DE 43 28 092 A1, EP 0 299 148 A1, EP 0 394 737 A1, EP 0 590 484 A1, EP 0 234 362 A1, EP 0 234 361 A1, EP 0 543 817 A1, WO 95/14721, EP 0 521 928 A1, EP 0 522 420 A1, EP 0 522 419 A1, EP 0 649 865 A1, EP 0 536 712
  • a transparent coating material (4.1) it is usually the described clearcoats of a multi-layer coating.
  • a pigmented coating material (4.1) is used, it is usually a one-coat finish that achieves the function of the basecoat and clearcoats with a one-coat top coat, as is customary in commercial vehicles.
  • the coating material (4.1) can be hardened with actinic radiation or thermally and with actinic radiation (dual-cure). It is preferably curable with actinic radiation, in particular UV radiation.
  • the coating materials (4.1), in particular the clearcoats (4.1), are solid, essentially or completely water and solvent-free powder clearcoats, liquid, essentially or completely water and solvent-free 100% systems, conventional, ie containing organic solvents, clearcoats and aqueous clear coats, in particular powder slurry clear coats.
  • the application of the transparent or pigmented coating materials (4.1) has no peculiarities, but can be done by all the usual and known application methods suitable for the respective coating material, such as spraying, spraying, knife coating, brushing, pouring, dipping, trickling, fluidized bed coating or rolling respectively. Spray application methods are preferably used. When applying, it is recommended to work with the exclusion of actinic radiation in order to avoid premature crosslinking.
  • the resulting transparent, in particular clear, or pigmented layer (4.2) is cured with actinic radiation or with dual cure, resulting in the transparent, in particular clear, or pigmented coating (4.3).
  • the transparent, in particular clear, or pigmented layer (4.2) generally hardens after a certain period of rest or flashing off. It can have a duration of 30 s to 2 h, preferably 1 min to 1 h and in particular 1 to 45 min.
  • the rest period is used, for example, for the course and degassing of the transparent, in particular clear, or pigmented layer (4.2) and for the evaporation of volatile constituents, such as any solvent and / or water present.
  • the ventilation can be accelerated by an elevated temperature, which is not yet sufficient for hardening, and / or by a reduced air humidity.
  • the transparent, in particular clear, or pigmented layer (4.2) is thermally hardened, for example with the aid of a gaseous, liquid and / or solid, hot medium, such as hot air, heated oil or heated rollers, or by microwave radiation, Infrared light and / or near infrared light (NIR).
  • the heating is preferably carried out in one Fan oven or by irradiation with IR and / or NIR lamps.
  • thermal curing can also be carried out in stages. The thermal curing advantageously takes place at temperatures from room temperature to 200.degree.
  • the underlying, colored or achromatic surface (2.1) itself is not yet or only partially hardened, as can be the case with one of the basecoat layers (2.3), especially with a waterborne basecoat layer (2.3), it is also hardened. This process is also called wet-on-wet process.
  • the transparent, in particular clear, or pigmented layer (4.2) is preferably hardened with UV radiation.
  • it is cured with UV radiation, the spectrum of which, in addition to UV-A and UV-B, has a UV-C component which is 2 to 80%, preferably 5 to 60% and in particular 10 to, in the wavelength range from 200 to 280 nm
  • a UV-C component which is 2 to 80%, preferably 5 to 60% and in particular 10 to, in the wavelength range from 200 to 280 nm
  • the relative spectral radiance of the UV-C component always being smaller than the relative spectral radiance of the spectrum of a medium pressure mercury vapor lamp in this wavelength range in the wavelength range from 200 to 240 nm (see R.
  • the relative spectral radiance of the UV-C component is also particularly preferably always smaller than the relative spectral radiance of the spectrum of a medium-pressure mercury vapor lamp in this wavelength range.
  • the UV-C component in the wavelength range ⁇ 200 nm very particularly preferably has a relative spectral radiance of zero or almost zero.
  • the term “almost zero” means that the radiation in the wavelength range ⁇ 200 nm has no or a negligible influence on the application properties of the materials according to the invention.
  • a radiation dose of 500 to 5,000, preferably 1,000 to 3,000, mJcm "2 is used for the irradiation.
  • the radiation intensity can vary widely. It depends in particular on the radiation dose on the one hand and the radiation duration on the other. For a given radiation dose, the radiation duration depends on the belt or feed speed of the substrates in the radiation system and vice versa.
  • the radiation intensity is preferably from 1x10 ° to 3x10 5 , preferably 2x10 ° to 2x10 5 , particularly preferably 3x10 ° to 1, 5x10 5 and in particular 5x10 ° to 1, 2x10 5 Wm "2 .
  • UV lamps can be used as radiation sources for the UV radiation.
  • UV lamps are preferably used which, as such, emit the preferred spectrum described above. However, combinations of at least two UV lamps can also be used which do not emit the above-described, preferably used UV radiation, the spectra of which, however, add to this UV radiation. Furthermore, UV lamps can be used in which the preferred spectrum is set using filters. Flash lamps are also possible, but are less preferred.
  • Mercury vapor lamps preferably low-pressure, low-pressure and high-pressure vapor lamps, in particular low-pressure mercury vapor lamps, are used. Unmodified mercury vapor lamps plus suitable filters or modified, in particular doped, mercury vapor lamps are particularly preferably used.
  • Gallium-doped and / or iron-doped, in particular iron-doped, mercury vapor lamps are preferably used, as described, for example, in R. Stephen Davidson, "Exploring the Science, Technology and Applications of UN. and E.B. Curing «, Sita Technology Ltd., London, 1999, Chapter I,» An Overview «, page 16, Figure 10, or Dipl.-Ing. Peter Klamann, “eltosch system competence, UV technology, guidelines for users”, page 2, October 1998.
  • Suitable flash lamps are flash lamps from VISIT.
  • the areas (shadow areas) which are not directly accessible to radiation such as cavities, folds and other undercuts due to construction, with point, small area or all-round emitters, can be connected to an automatic movement device for the irradiation of cavities or edges can be cured.
  • the irradiation is preferably carried out under an oxygen-depleted atmosphere.
  • Oxygen-depleted means that the oxygen content in the atmosphere is less than the oxygen content in air (20.95% by volume).
  • the maximum content of the oxygen-depleted atmosphere is preferably 18, preferably 16, particularly preferably 14, very particularly preferably 10 and in particular 6.0% by volume.
  • the atmosphere can be essentially oxygen-free, i.e. that is, it is an inert gas.
  • this can result in a strong acceleration of radiation curing, which can result in inhomogeneities and stresses in the transparent coatings. It is therefore advantageous not to reduce the oxygen content of the atmosphere to zero vol%.
  • the minimum oxygen content is preferably 0.1, preferably 0.5, particularly preferably 1.0, very particularly preferably 1.5 and in particular 2.0% by volume.
  • the oxygen-depleted atmosphere can be provided in different ways.
  • a corresponding gas mixture can be produced and made available in pressure bottles.
  • the depletion is preferably achieved by introducing at least one inert gas in the amounts required in each case into the air cushion located above the surface of the layers to be hardened.
  • the oxygen content of the atmosphere above the surface in question can be continuously measured using conventional and known methods and devices for determining elemental oxygen and, if necessary, automatically set to the desired value.
  • Inert gas is understood to be a gas which, under the curing conditions used, is not decomposed by the actinic radiation, does not inhibit curing and / or does not adhere to those according to the invention using dual-cure mixtures.
  • Both thermal curing with dual-cure and curing with actinic radiation can be carried out in stages. In the case of dual-cure, they can take place in succession (sequentially) or simultaneously. Sequential curing is advantageous according to the invention and is therefore used with preference. It is particularly advantageous to carry out the thermal hardening after the hardening with actinic radiation.
  • the total dose D of the layer in the range from 500 to 5,000, preferably 1,000 to 3,000, mJcm "2 when the transparent, in particular clear, layer is hardened, depending on the respective hue of the surface (2.1) or pigmented layer (4.2) of the substrate (2) is set and limited.
  • db * yellowing difference between b * of a given surface (2.1) which is coated with a transparent or pigmented coating (4.3) hardened with actinic radiation of a certain total dose D, and b * of the same surface (2.1) which is coated with the same, however, only dried or physically or thermally hardened coating (4.3) is coated (reference);
  • the one-dimensional regression calculation can be carried out with the usual and known standard program packages, such as MS Excel.
  • variable L * has the following meaning: L * location on the coordinate "brightness" of the CIELAB color space;
  • the multidimensional regression calculation can be carried out using conventional, known standard program packages such as Statistica.
  • measuring angles X ° are 15 °, 25 °, 45 ° and 75 °; preferably at 45 °.
  • the function (I) resulting for all hues of the surface to be coated (2.1) or the pigmented layer (4.2) is preferably represented numerically or graphically in a two-dimensional coordinate system with the coordinates D / db * .
  • the function (II) resulting for each hue of the surfaces to be coated (2.1) or the pigmented layers (4.2) is preferably represented numerically or graphically in a multidimensional coordinate system with the coordinates D / db7L *.
  • a maximum yellowing db * ma ⁇ (X °) is then determined for each hue of the surfaces (2.1) or the pigmented layers (4.2) to be coated. This is a yellowing, which may only be so high that in practice the respective coated substrates (2) just meet the specifications of the user and are not rejected.
  • the associated maximum total dose D max of the actinic radiation is then determined numerically or graphically.
  • the total dose D of actinic radiation according to the invention is adapted to the hue of the surface (2.1) or the pigmented layer (4.2) by the transparent, in particular clear, or total dose D radiated in pigmented layer (4.2) is limited so that the maximum total dose D ma ⁇ determined for this surface (2.1) or pigmented layer (4.2) is not exceeded.
  • Measures are taken. For example, the removal of the UV lamps can be changed from the substrates (2). UV lamps can be switched on or off. Optical filters can be installed or removed between the UV lamps and the substrates (2). The intensity of the radiation emitted by the UV lamps can be varied. All of these measures can be combined. The measures can be carried out manually or automatically. Mechanical, optical and / or electronic measurement and control techniques can be used in the automated version.
  • the method according to the invention can be used very flexibly and widely. On the one hand, it can be used to solve individual problems in research and development. On the other hand, it is ideal for production.
  • the method according to the invention has very particular advantages when it is carried out in the device (1) according to the invention.
  • the device (1) optionally comprises a conveying device (3) for transporting the substrates (2) to, through and away from the device (1), a station (4) for applying at least one, in particular one, of the above described transparent or pigmented coating materials (4.1) curable with actinic radiation or thermally and with actinic radiation (dual-cure) on the above-described, colored or achromatic surfaces (2.1) of the substrates (2), a station (5) for curing the transparent, in particular clear, or pigmented layer (4.2) applied in the station (4) described above with actinic radiation or dual-cure, as a result of which the transparent, in particular clear, or pigmented layer described above Coating (4.3) results.
  • a conveying device (3) for transporting the substrates (2) to, through and away from the device (1)
  • a station (4) for applying at least one, in particular one, of the above described transparent or pigmented coating materials (4.1) curable with actinic radiation or thermally and with actinic radiation (dual-cure) on the above
  • the selection of the conveyor (3) depends on the substrates (2) that are to be conveyed, i. H. in particular depending on whether the substrates (2) are, for example, automobile bodies, coils or small parts.
  • the corresponding suitable conveyor devices are common and known.
  • the selection of the station (4) depends on the transparent or pigmented coating material (4.1) to be applied to the substrates (2) or their colored or achromatic surfaces (2.1), i.e. H. especially depending on whether the transparent or pigmented coating material (4.1) is a powder (clear) lacquer or a liquid (clear) lacquer.
  • the selection depends on the substrates (2) to be coated, i.e. H. in particular depending on whether the substrates (2) are, for example, automobile bodies, coils or small parts.
  • the corresponding suitable application devices for the station (4) are also common and known.
  • the selection of the station (5) depends, on the one hand, on whether the transparent or pigmented coating material (4.1) or the layer (4.2) produced therefrom is dual-cure and, if appropriate, on whether a base coat layer is present in the station (5) (2.3) still needs to be thermally hardened.
  • the station (5) comprises at least one conventional and known device for thermal hardening. Otherwise the station (5) contains at least one device for irradiating the substrates (2), comprising the surfaces (2.1) and layers (4.2), with actinic radiation.
  • the dimensioning and the structural details of the station (5) depend in particular on the substrates (2) which are to be irradiated or irradiated and thermally treated, ie in particular on whether the substrates (2) are, for example, automobile bodies, coils or small parts. Appropriate suitable stations (5) are common and known.
  • the device (1) according to the invention can comprise at least one station (7) which is connected upstream of the station (4) as viewed in the direction of passage and in which uncoated substrates (2) with colored or achromatic colors
  • Colored or achromatic pigmented coating materials (2.2) are preferably used
  • the surfaces (2.1) produced from the colored or achromatic pigmented coating materials (2.2) can be separately in the station (7) and / or together with the layer
  • the device (1) according to the invention comprises customary and known mechanical, pneumatic, optical and electronic measuring and control units, devices for producing, supplying and transmitting mechanical, hydraulic and electrical energy, and devices for storing, transporting and applying coating materials (4.1 ) and optionally of foils (2.2) and coating materials (2.2). It is essential for the device (1) according to the invention that the station (5) has at least one device (6) for regulating and limiting the total dose D of irradiated actinic radiation, which is in the range from 500 to 5,000 mJcm-2, depending on the Hue of the surface (2.1) or the pigmented layer (4.2) of the substrate (2) just passing through the station (5).
  • the control variable S can preferably be derived by for individual, selected hues of the surfaces (2.1) to be coated or of the pigmented layer (4.2).
  • the dependence of db * (X °) on D is determined experimentally by colorimetric measurements at the measuring angle X ° and
  • control variable S can also be derived by numerically or graphically representing the function (I) resulting for all hues of the surfaces to be coated (2.1) or the pigmented layer (4.2) in a one-dimensional coordinate system with the coordinates D / db * ,
  • control variable S can be derived by, for individual, selected hues of the surface to be coated (2.1) or the pigmented layer (4.2), the dependence of db * (X °) on L * by colorimetric measurements at the measurement angle X ° is determined experimentally and function (II) is approximately determined from the data obtained by multidimensional regression calculation.
  • control variable S can also be derived by numerically or graphically using the function (II) resulting for all hues of the surfaces to be coated (2.1) or the pigmented layer (4.2) in a multidimensional coordinate system with the coordinates D / db * / L * is displayed.
  • a maximum yellowing db * m ax (X °) is then determined for each hue of the surfaces to be coated (2.1) or the pigmented layer (4.2), after which the associated maximum total dose Dm a x of the actinic radiation is determined numerically or graphically.
  • the control variable S implemented in the device (6) is designed in such a way that it corresponds to the surface to be coated for each hue ( 2.1) or the pigmented layer (4.2) determined maximum total dose D ma ⁇ is proportional.
  • the control variable S is preferably implemented mechanically and / or electronically in the device (6).
  • the device (6) uses the control variable S in continuous operation to control the total dose D in such a way that Dmax is not exceeded for each substrate (2) passing through the station (5).
  • the control by the device (6) can be automated very easily.
  • mechanical, optical and / or electronic measurement and control techniques can be used, through which mechanical, optical and / or electronic measures are controlled.
  • the distance of the UV lamps from the substrates (2) can be changed.
  • UV lamps can be switched on or off.
  • Optical filters can be installed or removed between the UV lamps and the substrates (2).
  • the intensity of the radiation emitted by the UV lamps can be varied. All of these measures can also be combined with one another.
  • the device (1) according to the invention can be adapted very flexibly to the substrates (2) and can therefore be used extremely widely.
  • the substrates produced with the aid of the device (1) according to the invention show no or only very slight yellowing and they are scratch-resistant. Rejection of coated substrates (2) due to non-compliance with the specifications therefore no longer occurs at all or only very rarely.
  • the method and the device (1) according to the invention are therefore particularly technically and economically particularly advantageous.
  • Test boards as are usually used for the assessment of automotive OEM coatings, were produced in the following way:
  • Steel panels were successively coated with a cathodically deposited electro-dipping coating baked at 170 ° C. for 20 minutes and having a dry layer thickness of 18 to 22 ⁇ m.
  • the steel sheets were then coated with a commercially available two-component water filler from BASF Coatings AG, as is usually used for plastic substrates.
  • the resulting filler layer was baked at 90 ° C. for 30 minutes, so that a dry layer thickness of 35 to 40 ⁇ m resulted.
  • the brightness L * of the test panels was determined. All colorimetric measurements were carried out here and below in accordance with CIELAB regulations at a measuring angle of 45 °. A measuring device of the type MA60 + BA from X-Rite GmbH (Cologne) was used for this.
  • test panels of each series "polar white”, “light silver”, “denim blue” and “brilliant black” were each irradiated with UV radiation at a dose D of 1,000, 1,500, 2,000 and 3,000 mJcm "2.
  • the yellowness index b * of the test panels were then also exposed determined the hardened clear coat and calculated the difference db * to the yellow value b * of the respective reference.
  • the data obtained could also be represented by a multi-dimensional surface 1 in the coordinate system db * / L7D.
  • the data were approximately evaluated by multi-dimensional regression analysis.
  • the Statistica program was used.
  • Table 3 summarizes the observation values from Table 1 and the forecast values and residuals.
  • Table 3 Observation values from Table 1, forecast values and residuals observation
  • Table 2 shows that the coefficient of determination r 2 was approximately 95%.
  • the mean square error (MQ residuals) was 0.011.
  • Table 3 shows the "recalculation”, ie the determination of the experimentally determined data from Table 1 on the basis of the model function (III). Overall, the agreement - except for one outlier - was very good.
  • the multidimensional surface modeled using the model function (III) could be represented in the coordinate system db * / L7D.
  • db * max (45 °) 1
  • a contour plot ie a projection of the modeled multidimensional surface onto the surface of the coordinates L7D, could be generated for this value. From the contour plot, it was qualitatively easy to see which maximum radiation dose D max had to be applied at a given brightness L * in order not to exceed the given maximum value db * max (45 °). Table 4 gives an overview.
  • the method was thus extremely suitable for deriving control variables S, with the aid of which UV exposure systems, for example in the line of painting systems for automotive series painting, could be easily ensured that with a continuous automobile body that had a basecoat layer of a certain brightness L * and had been coated with a UV-curable clearcoat layer, and when the clearcoat layer was hardened, only a radiation dose D was irradiated that high enough that the resulting yellowing was still within specification.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour enduire des substrats (2), dont la surface (2.1) comporte des teintes différentes, au moyen d'un revêtement (4.3) transparent ou pigmenté. Selon ce procédé, une matière d'enduction (4.1) transparente ou pigmentée, durcissant par rayonnement actinique, est appliquée sur les surfaces (2.1) colorés ou non, puis la couche (4.2) ainsi obtenue est durcie par rayonnement actinique, la dose totale D des rayons actiniques irradiés, lesquels sont dans une fourchette allant de 500 à 5.000 mJcm-2, étant réglée et limitée en fonction de la teinte de la surface (2.1) ou de la couche pigmentée (4.2). L'invention concerne également un dispositif (1) pour réaliser ce procédé, ce dispositif comportant éventuellement un élément (3) pour transporter les substrats (2), un poste (4) pour appliquer la matière d'enduction (4.1) et un poste (5) pour durcir la couche (4.2) et réaliser ainsi un revêtement (4.3) transparent ou pigmenté, ce poste (5) comportant un dispositif (6) pour régler et limiter la dose totale D de rayons actiniques irradiés.
PCT/EP2004/008227 2003-08-08 2004-07-23 Procede et dispositif pour enduire des substrats colores ou non d'un revetement transparent WO2005016557A1 (fr)

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DE10336426.9 2003-08-08
DE2003136426 DE10336426A1 (de) 2003-08-08 2003-08-08 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Beschichten bunter und unbunter Substrate mit einer transparenten Beschichtung

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006125723A1 (fr) * 2005-05-27 2006-11-30 Basf Coatings Ag Procede de production de materiaux durcis resistants aux eraflures
CN105689229A (zh) * 2016-04-26 2016-06-22 福建中科晶创光电科技有限公司 一种紫外固化热固化一体系统

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999019074A1 (fr) * 1997-10-15 1999-04-22 Revlon Consumer Products Corporation Appareil et procede pour l'impression au cadre de compositions sechant sous rayonnement
WO2001014482A1 (fr) * 1999-08-25 2001-03-01 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Procede de realisation de revetements antirayures insensibles aux conditions atmospheriques
WO2003002268A2 (fr) * 2001-06-27 2003-01-09 Basf Coatings Ag Procede de production de revetements au moyen de substances de revetement pouvant etre durcies thermiquement et par rayonnement actinique
US20030148039A1 (en) * 2000-03-01 2003-08-07 Rainer Blum Method for producing coatings, adhesive layers or sealing layers for primed or unprimed substrates

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999019074A1 (fr) * 1997-10-15 1999-04-22 Revlon Consumer Products Corporation Appareil et procede pour l'impression au cadre de compositions sechant sous rayonnement
WO2001014482A1 (fr) * 1999-08-25 2001-03-01 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Procede de realisation de revetements antirayures insensibles aux conditions atmospheriques
US20030148039A1 (en) * 2000-03-01 2003-08-07 Rainer Blum Method for producing coatings, adhesive layers or sealing layers for primed or unprimed substrates
WO2003002268A2 (fr) * 2001-06-27 2003-01-09 Basf Coatings Ag Procede de production de revetements au moyen de substances de revetement pouvant etre durcies thermiquement et par rayonnement actinique

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006125723A1 (fr) * 2005-05-27 2006-11-30 Basf Coatings Ag Procede de production de materiaux durcis resistants aux eraflures
CN105689229A (zh) * 2016-04-26 2016-06-22 福建中科晶创光电科技有限公司 一种紫外固化热固化一体系统
CN105689229B (zh) * 2016-04-26 2018-11-23 福建中科晶创光电科技有限公司 一种紫外固化热固化一体系统

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