WO2005003194A1 - 固相転移現象を示す結晶性ポリマー、およびその応用 - Google Patents
固相転移現象を示す結晶性ポリマー、およびその応用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005003194A1 WO2005003194A1 PCT/JP2004/009653 JP2004009653W WO2005003194A1 WO 2005003194 A1 WO2005003194 A1 WO 2005003194A1 JP 2004009653 W JP2004009653 W JP 2004009653W WO 2005003194 A1 WO2005003194 A1 WO 2005003194A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- crystalline polymer
- crystal transition
- temperature
- thermally responsive
- trans
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
- C08C19/04—Oxidation
- C08C19/06—Epoxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F36/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F36/02—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F36/04—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
- C08F36/06—Butadiene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/06—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
- C09K5/063—Materials absorbing or liberating heat during crystallisation; Heat storage materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/02—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having positive temperature coefficient
- H01C7/028—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having positive temperature coefficient consisting of organic substances
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a crystalline polymer having novel physical properties and undergoing a crystal transition in a solid state, and an application thereof.
- Trans-1,4-polybutadiene is well known as a crystalline polymer that undergoes reversible crystal transition in a solid state.
- trans-1,4-polybutadiene may be referred to as TPB.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-230103 by the present applicant discloses a mixture containing trans-1,4-polybutadiene, a thermoplastic resin and a main component, and application to a heat storage material.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-81135 by the present applicant discloses trans-1,4-polybutadiene having a specific structure and physical properties and exhibiting a reversible phase transition.
- the material according to the prior art disclosed in the above-mentioned document has a crystal transition enthalpy.
- the heat storage performance itself deteriorates due to repeated use, and improvements have been required.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-268208 by the present applicant discloses that trans-1,4-polybutadiene having a trans bond content of 95 mol% or more, a weight average molecular weight of 1,000,000 or less, and an A Htr of 70 jZg or more.
- a heat storage material using the same is disclosed, and in particular, a polymer having a number average molecular weight of 800,000 and a relatively high phase transition heat of 92 jZg at a crystal transition temperature of 60 ° C is disclosed.
- this conventional technology an improvement was required because the crystal transition temperature was high, or when the crystal transition temperature was low, the improvement was required because the molecular weight was as high as 800,000 and the workability was low. .
- a report by Antipov et al. (Macromol. Chem. Phys. Vol. 202, p82_89 (2001)) states that the ratio of 1,4-trans bond to 1,2-bul bond in polybutadiene is controlled and trans A crystalline polybutadiene having a lower crystal transition temperature (minimum 40 ° C) by reducing the bonding ratio to 98% or less is disclosed (however, the quantified phase transition enthalpy change is disclosed). Absent).
- the melting point decreases as the crystal transition temperature decreases, so that the function manifestation temperature and the flow temperature of the polymer are close to each other. Therefore, improvement was demanded because the ambient temperature that could be used as a heat storage material was restricted due to the cancellation.
- thermally responsive switch utilizing the thermal expansion of a polymer
- an electrical connection between a pair of metal member electrodes described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-85756 is used.
- a switch that opens and closes based on the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the two is known. It is disclosed that such a switch can be used in place of a metal switch for the purpose of controlling the temperature of a heater or the like.
- the opening and closing temperature of the switch depends on its mechanical structure and resin. It is difficult to design the operating temperature, and there is a danger that the operating temperature will change due to deformation due to pressure, etc. Good was sought.
- a PTC element described in JP-A-2003-45704 based on a volume change of a phase transition polymer crystal in a composite material is known. Such an element can also be used in place of a metal-type switch for the purpose of controlling the temperature of a heater or the like.
- a PTC element in which such a conductive material is dispersed in a crystalline polymer has a large influence on the mass production scale because its conductivity is affected by the dispersion state of conductive particles such as carbon black. It is difficult to make the dispersion state of these conductive particles constant, and there is a problem that the dispersion of characteristics is large.
- a crystalline polymer that generates a reversible crystal transition in the solid state can be applied to functional materials such as heat storage materials and PTC elements by utilizing the heat transfer and volume change phenomenon accompanying the crystal transition (for example, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-23942 by the present applicant).
- the crystal transition temperature at the time of temperature rise measured by DSC is equivalent to the temperature at which functions such as the heat absorption temperature when used as a heat storage material and the electric resistance jump temperature when used as a PTC, and
- the crystal transition enthalpy affects the magnitude of functions such as heat storage.
- the crystalline polymer according to the prior art has a sufficiently high heat of phase transition, in which case the crystal transition temperature is high, and the temperature for exhibiting the function is limited.
- the heat of phase transition is remarkably reduced, or the function such as heat storage is inferior. There are restrictions. For this reason, improvement of physical properties has been required in any aspect.
- the present invention when used as a material for a heat storage medium or the like, not only is the balance of the three requirements of low phase transition temperature, high heat of phase transition, and high workability (low molecular weight) improved. , A polymer having the required high melting point is provided. Further, according to the present invention, a thermally responsive switch, a PTC element, and a heat storage medium using a polymer having such physical properties are provided.
- the polymer according to the present invention has the following formula (1)
- ⁇ Htr indicates endothermic (jZg) accompanying the crystal transition
- Ttr indicates the crystal transition temperature (° C).
- a crystalline polymer satisfying the above conditions is particularly preferable. Since the crystalline polymer according to the present invention has a low phase transition temperature, a high heat of phase transition, and a high melting point, it can be used particularly as a heat storage material used near an ambient temperature (20 ° C to 50 ° C). Is high.
- the heat responsive plate according to the present invention is a heat responsive plate comprising a flexible substrate and a layer of a material which is provided on one surface thereof and which exhibits a reversible crystal transition accompanied by a volume change.
- a material which is provided on one surface thereof and which exhibits a reversible crystal transition accompanied by a volume change.
- the above-mentioned crystalline polymer which undergoes a crystal transition in a solid state is particularly preferably used.
- This thermally responsive plate can be used as a thermally responsive switch or PTC element.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing a crystal transition point between the crystalline polymer according to Example 1 of the present invention and the crystalline polymer of Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing a change in an expansion coefficient in a uniaxial direction with a rise in temperature of the crystalline polymers according to Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention and the crystalline polymer of Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 3 (a) is a schematic view showing a configuration of a thermally responsive plate according to the present invention as an overheating prevention element, showing a normal state of the element.
- FIG. 3 (b) is a schematic view showing a configuration of a heat responsive plate according to the present invention as an element for preventing overheating, showing a state of the element when the temperature is overheating.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a thermally responsive switch according to the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration when a thermally responsive switch is in an ON state.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration when the thermally responsive switch force S is in an OFF state.
- FIG. 7 shows a model test using the crystalline polymer according to the present invention as a heat storage material.
- 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the heat release time and the water temperature.
- the polymer according to the present invention has the following formula (1)
- ⁇ Htr indicates endothermic Ci / g accompanying the crystal transition
- Ttr indicates the crystal transition temperature (° C).
- This is a crystalline polymer which can satisfy the relationship defined in (2) and undergoes crystal transition in the solid state.
- the crystalline polymer which undergoes crystal transition in the solid state of the present invention preferably has a weight average molecular weight of 30,600,000, preferably 50,000 to 500,000, particularly preferably 81,400,000.
- the temperature (Ttr) is 67 ° C or less, preferably 65 ° C or less, particularly preferably 20 ° C to 60 ° C, and the following formula (2)
- ⁇ Htr indicates endothermic Ci / g accompanying the crystal transition
- Ttr indicates the crystal transition temperature (° C). This is a crystalline polymer that satisfies the conditions specified in ()).
- crystalline polymer examples include trans-1,4-polybutadiene, a copolymer of butadiene and olefin, and a modified product of trans-1,4-polybutadiene.
- ethylene or propylene is used as olefin.
- ethylene is preferable.
- the harm of the butadiene unit and the refining unit is preferably 92: 8—60: 40 force S, particularly preferably 90: 10—70: 30 is preferred.
- the crystalline polymer is a trans-1,4-polybutadiene modified product
- the polymer before modification is
- the content of trans 1,4 structure is 97 mol% or more, preferably 98 mol% or more.
- the modified product since the epoxy modified products are preferred instrument low crystal transition temperature of the material is obtained, the epoxidation ratio of 1 mol% one 60 mole 0/0, especially 2 mol 0/0 - 55 mole 0 / 0 things preferred ,.
- MCPBA m-chloroperbenzoic acid
- the melting point (Tm) of the crystalline polymer is preferably 100 ° C or higher, particularly preferably 110 to 140 ° C.
- the heat of crystal fusion (A Hm) l / g) of the crystalline polymer is preferably 35-60 s, more preferably 40-55 s.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is 30,600,000, more preferably 50,500,000, and particularly preferably 80,400,000.
- the weight-average molecular weight is determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using styrene as a standard substance and o-dichlorobenzene as a solvent.
- the number average molecular weight (Mn) is 200,000 or less, preferably 11,100,000.
- the molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) is preferably 1-125 S, and particularly preferably 2-22.
- the trans-1,4 polybutadiene of the present invention can be produced by polymerization using a catalyst comprising (A) a vanadium compound and (B) alkylaluminum chloride.
- Examples of the (A) vanadium compound catalyst include vanadium compounds such as vanadium triacetyl acetonate, vanadium trichloride THF complex, vanadium trichloride, vanadium naphthenate, and vanadium alkoxide. Of these, vanadium trioxychloride (VOC1) is preferred.
- vanadium trioxychloride VOC1
- alkylaluminum chloride examples include dimethylaluminum chloride, dimethylaluminum chloride, diisobutylaluminum chloride, and methylaluminum dichloride. And ethyl ethyl sesqui-mouth ride and ethyl aluminum dichloride. Among them, getyl aluminum chloride (DEAC) is preferable.
- the ratio of the component (A) to the component (B) is preferably 1: 300 to 10: 1 in terms of mol ratio.
- solvents that can be used in solution polymerization include, for example, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, heptane, and cyclohexane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; chromate form; methylene chloride; dichloroethane; Halogenated hydrocarbons such as benzene and mineral oils.
- hypolefin may be added only at the beginning of polymerization or may be continuously supplied.
- the polymerization time is 1 minute to 12 hours, preferably 5 minutes to 12 hours, and the polymerization temperature is -10 to 60 ° C, preferably 0 to 40 ° C. it can.
- a thermally responsive plate composed of a flexible substrate and a layer disposed on one surface of the substrate and made of a material that undergoes a reversible crystal transition accompanied by a volume change.
- the material which undergoes a reversible crystal transition accompanied by a change in volume include trans-1,4-polybutadiene described in JP-A-2001-81135 and transformers _1, 4_ described in JP-A-9-268208.
- Polybutadiene, and further, the crystalline polymer that undergoes a crystal transition in the solid state according to the present invention can be used.
- the flexible substrate is not particularly limited as long as the material exhibits flexibility, but a substrate made of metal such as A1 or copper or a substrate made of various resins such as PET or polyimide is preferably used. Is done. It is preferable that the substrate surface has been subjected to a surface roughening treatment or has a porous structure in order to improve the peel strength.
- the method is not particularly limited.
- the reversible crystal transition accompanied by a volume change is provided.
- a method is available. From the viewpoint of workability and the like, the latter method of applying and drying the solution is preferable.
- a solution of a material that undergoes a reversible crystal transition with a change in volume for example, a solution of trans-1,4-polybutadiene is adjusted using a solvent having a solubility parameter of preferably about 14 to 30 MPa 1/2. can do.
- Solubility parameter is Macromol. Chem. Phys. Vol. 202,
- Specific examples of usable solvents include hexane, cyclohexane, toluene, tetrahydrofuran, methylethylketone, chloroform, dimethylformamide, and dimethylacetamide. it can. Among them, tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, toluene and the like are preferable.
- the polymer concentration can be increased to approximately 0.01% by weight and approximately 30% by weight.
- a solution suitable for producing the thermally responsive plate according to (1) is obtained.
- the dried film is undesirably fragmented into small pieces.
- the fluidity of the solution is impaired, making it difficult to apply the solution.
- the polymer concentration is
- a method of applying the solution a method of casting the solution on the surface of the substrate by a bar coater or the like, a method of spin coating, or the like can be used.
- the solvent is volatile, and from this viewpoint, a highly volatile solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, chlorophonolem, and toluene is preferably used. .
- a reversible crystal transition accompanied by a volume change prepared in a temperature range higher than the crystal transition temperature occurs. Even when a solution of a material such as trans-1,4-polybutadiene is cooled to a temperature lower than the above temperature, remarkable precipitation of trans-1,4-polybutadiene does not immediately occur. For this reason, the step of applying the solution on the substrate may be performed at a high temperature equal to or higher than the crystal transition temperature, or may be performed at a lower temperature range such as room temperature than the above temperature range.
- the film of the semi-crystalline polymer material formed on the substrate as described above may be a uniform dense film, but may be a porous or net-like structure. .
- a porous film is formed.
- a trans-1,4-polybutadiene film formed from a polar solvent that is volatile in the atmosphere often exhibits a porous structure.
- the above-mentioned porous structure causes the polymer to crystallize in the solution film during drying, causing the solution to become non-uniform, and water vapor in the air to condense due to the cooling of the film due to the latent heat of solvent evaporation. It is considered that this is caused by the non-uniformity of the solution caused by the treatment.
- the layer A expands in volume at the crystal transition temperature (Ttr) of a material that undergoes a reversible crystal transition accompanied by a volume change, a sharp displacement occurs at the temperature Ttr. It operates and can be used as a thermoresponsive plate.
- the thermally responsive plate is a rectangle having a length of 1 and a width of w
- the thickness of the layer A of the material causing the crystal transition accompanied by the volume change is h
- the thickness of the substrate B is h
- ⁇ is a linear strain generated in the longitudinal direction of the thermally responsive plate. If the layer ⁇ is isotropic, the following equation (5)
- the thickness of the thermally responsive plate be small in order to cause a large displacement operation in the manufactured thermally responsive plate. From this surface, a thin film can be easily formed using a solution process or the like.
- a material that can be produced and undergoes a reversible crystal transition with a change in volume for example, a semi-crystalline polymer material such as trans 1,4-polybutadiene is suitably used as the layer.
- the layer A that is laminated may be easily peeled off in some cases, so that the materials that can be used are limited.
- the materials that can be used are limited.
- trans-1,4 polybutadiene is used as A and an A1 plate is used as B
- layer A is easily separated from substrate B due to the strain generated at the crystal transition point.
- Substrate having a roughened surface on which an anchor effect can be expected to suppress peeling And a porous substrate are preferably used.
- the material A that causes a volume change can penetrate into the pores of the substrate, so that the apparent value of h can be increased, and the porous structure can be further increased.
- the elastic modulus E of the substrate is smaller than the elastic modulus E of the substrate material B.
- the quality substrate it is easy to satisfy the above-mentioned conditional expression (6) that gives a large displacement while using a rigid substrate material B having excellent shape stability, and is preferably used in the present invention. .
- an overheating prevention element can be manufactured using the thermally responsive plate according to the present invention.
- a silver paste is used on the surface of the thermally responsive plate having the above-described structure on the surface opposite to the surface on which the layer made of a material that undergoes a reversible crystal transition accompanied by a volume change is disposed.
- the conductive film By forming the conductive film by using this method, it is possible to manufacture an excessive temperature rise prevention element.
- the film shape changes rapidly around the temperature exceeding the crystal transition temperature Ttr of the crystalline polymer used, and the contact opening (resistance ⁇ ) occurs.
- the overheating prevention element according to the present invention can be used as an overheating prevention element that causes reversible and sharp contact opening and contact formation near the temperature Ttr of the crystalline polymer used.
- a conductive film C such as a metal is formed on the surface of the substrate, and the conductive film C comes into contact with the contact D by the displacement operation of the thermally responsive plate at the crystal transition temperature Ttr.
- the conductive film C can be formed by various methods such as application of a conductive paste, deposition of a metal film, and metal plating.
- a pair of electrodes, and an insulating member made of a crystalline polymer and a member made of a conductive substance of the present invention, which undergoes a crystal transition in a solid state are disposed between the electrodes.
- a thermally responsive switch wherein the crystalline polymer undergoes a transition in a solid state and a volume expansion coefficient in a transition temperature range opens and closes an electrical connection between a pair of electrodes. Is done. The operation of this switch will be described with reference to FIGS. 4, 5, and 6.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective explanatory view showing an outline of the switch of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a partial longitudinal sectional view when the switch shown in FIG. 4 is in a closed (ON) state.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the switch shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a partial vertical sectional view in an open (OFF) state.
- the switch 10 shown in FIG. 5 uses a crystalline polymer member 12 having a plurality of through holes lla and l ib, and each of the through holes l la and l ib has a member 13a made of a conductive material. 13b is arranged so as to be in contact with the pair of electrodes 14a and 14b at room temperature.
- the polymer member 12 is formed so as to be pressed against the electrodes 14a and 14b.
- the shape of the through-hole 11 constituting the switch is not limited to a true circular cross section, but may be an elliptical shape, a strip shape, or the like in consideration of workability and the strength of the molded body.
- the size of the through hole may be uniform or not uniform in the vertical direction in the member, but the members 13a and 13b made of a conductive material are fixed anywhere in the member. It is preferable to make such a selection.
- the number of through holes can be selected according to the required resistance value and processing conditions.
- the positions of the through holes 11 in the polymer member 12 can be arbitrarily selected. However, it is preferable that the through holes 11 be uniformly distributed in consideration of the operation stability.
- the through holes 11 are used so that the members 13a and 13b made of the conductive material do not appear on the side surfaces of the switch for the purpose of holding the members 13a and 13b made of the conductive material and maintaining the insulation of the side surfaces of the switch. If the insulating property of the side surface is not required, the through hole 11 may be formed by forming a part of the side surface of the polymer member 12. Further, when the members 13a and 13b made of a conductive substance are held by other means, the polymer member 12 and the conductive member 13 are simply arranged between the pair of electrodes 14a and 14b without using the through hole 11. It may be.
- the material of the polymer member 12 constituting the switch is a crystalline polymer that undergoes crystal transition in the solid state according to the present invention, and has a volume expansion coefficient in a transition temperature range and a thermal expansion coefficient in a temperature outside the transition temperature range. Is preferably large. Also, it is preferable that the change in volume in the transition temperature range is sharp.
- the polymer member 12 undergoes a crystal transition in a solid state, and has a volume expansion coefficient exceeding the thermal expansion coefficient outside the transition temperature range due to a transition temperature range and an insulating material such as another polymer or inorganic material. It can be made of a composite material mixed with an insulating material, or it can have a laminated structure with other insulating materials.
- a heat storage material and a heat storage medium comprising a crystalline polymer which undergoes a crystal transition in a solid state according to the present invention are provided.
- the heat storage material or the heat storage medium may be formed from a crystalline polymer that undergoes a crystal transition in a solid state according to the present invention, and formed into a desired shape.
- the molding method is not particularly limited, but a molding method usually used for molding a resin, such as compression molding, injection molding, or extrusion molding, may be employed.
- the size, shape, and the like may be appropriately selected depending on the application. Of course, it may be manufactured in a form stored in a case depending on the use.
- the heat storage material or heat storage medium according to the present invention stores heat at the crystal transition temperature, and when placed in a low-temperature environment, exhibits a heat-dissipating effect at the crystal transition temperature at the time of temperature drop, and exhibits heat dissipation near the same temperature. It shows the characteristic that time is significantly extended.
- the crystalline polymer of the present invention can be formed into a lamination with a pellet, a thin plate, a metal plate, a hollow fiber, a structure, a cast film, or the like. It is used in contact with a heat medium as pellets or molded articles. Further, it may be used by mixing with another polymer which does not show a phase transition phenomenon. Moreover, you may mix and use with solid materials other than a polymer. It can also be used as a PTC element by mixing with conductive particles.
- Weight average molecular weight was determined as follows. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using Waters 150C type (2 columns of Showa Denko Shodex HT-806M and Shodex HT_800Pl as pre-column) using styrene as a standard substance, solvent 0-dichlorobenzene, column temperature 135 ° C , Measure standard polystyrene under the same conditions, create a calibration curve, and calibrate It shows the value obtained from the GPC curve obtained from the above.
- GPC Gel permeation chromatography
- the “content of trans_1,4 bond” and “content of olefin” were calculated from the intensity ratio of each peak in a 13 C-NMR spectrum measured using EX-400 manufactured by JEOL Ltd.
- Crystal phase transition point and “crystal phase transition heat” were determined as follows. Using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) of SSC5200 manufactured by Seiko Instruments Inc., seal about 5 mg of the sample in an aluminum sample pan and heat it at 200 ° C for 10 minutes in a nitrogen atmosphere. After complete melting, the temperature was lowered to -30 ° C in -5 ° CZ and recrystallized. The temperature of this polymer is raised by 10 ° CZ, and the temperature at which the endothermic peak accompanying the crystal transition is maximized is defined as the crystal transition temperature (Ttr). (A Htr). The temperature at which the endothermic peak due to crystal melting was maximum was defined as the melting point (Tm), and the total amount of endothermic amount due to crystal melting per unit polymer amount was defined as the heat of fusion ( ⁇ Hm).
- DSC differential scanning calorimeter
- TMA Thermal Analyzer and 943 Thermomechanical Analyzer
- VOC1 vanadium oxytrichloride
- Example 2 The same operation as in Example 1 was repeated, except that the reaction time was changed.
- the reaction time in Example 2 was 10 minutes, and the reaction time in Example 3 was 5 minutes.
- Example 4 Using 0.8 ml of formic acid and 5 ml of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution as reaction reagent volumes, the reaction time in Example 4 was 5 minutes, the reaction time in Example 5 was 10 minutes, and the reaction time in Example 6 was Was repeated for 20 minutes, and the reaction time in Example 7 was changed to 30 minutes, and the same operation as in Example 1 was repeated.
- trans-1,4-polybutadiene lg and toluene 49g in a 100ml eggplant-shaped flask and dissolve the transpolybutadiene in a water bath at 60 ° C under a nitrogen atmosphere. 0.5 ml of water was injected, and then the reaction was performed in a closed system for 30 minutes. The reaction was stopped by precipitating it in a large amount of ethanol, followed by filtration, washing with ethanol and drying.
- Example 9 The same operation as in Example 8 was repeated, except that the amount of the reaction reagent was changed to the amount described below.
- 0.35 ml of formic acid and 0.25 ml of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution were used in Example 9, and in Example 10, 0.35 ml of formic acid and 0.5 ml of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution were used.
- Example 11 0.7 ml of formic acid and 0.25 ml of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution were used, and in Example 12, 2. lml of formic acid and 1.25 ml of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution were used.
- Trans-1,4-polybutadiene lg and 49 g of toluene are placed in a 100 ml eggplant-shaped flask, and the transpolybutadiene is dissolved in a water bath under a nitrogen atmosphere at 60 ° C., and then formic acid 1.4 ml, 30% hydrogen peroxide solution is added. 1. 25 ml was injected, and after the injection was completed, the reaction was performed in a closed system for 60 minutes. After the reaction was stopped by precipitating into a large amount of ethanol, the reaction mixture was filtered, washed with ethanol, and dried.
- Example 13 The same operation as in Example 13 was repeated, except that the formic acid amount was changed to 0.7 ml of the reaction reagent amount.
- trans-1,4-polybutadiene and 57 Og of toluene were placed in a 1000 ml eggplant-shaped flask, and the transpolybutadiene was dissolved in a water bath at 60 ° C under a nitrogen atmosphere, followed by lml of formic acid and 30% peroxide. 68.8 ml of hydrogen water was injected, and after the injection was completed, the reaction was performed in a closed system for 60 minutes. The reaction was stopped by precipitating into a large amount of ethanol, followed by filtration, washing with ethanol and drying.
- trans-1,4-polybutadiene and 900 g of toluene are put into a 2000 ml eggplant-shaped flask, and transpolybutadiene is dissolved in a water bath at 60 ° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere. Then, formic acid 21 ml, 30% hydrogen peroxide solution 42 2 ml was injected, and then the reaction was performed in a closed system for 90 minutes. After the reaction was stopped by precipitating into a large amount of ethanol, the reaction mixture was filtered, washed with ethanol, and dried.
- the amounts of the raw materials used, the reaction conditions, the crystal transition temperature (Ttr), the heat of transition ( ⁇ Htr), the melting point (Tm), and the heat of crystal fusion ( ⁇ Hm) of the obtained polymer for these examples are as follows. And shown in Table 1.
- Example 1 1 ⁇ 71.2 1 17.0 130.8 56.1 0.0
- Example 1 2.0 0.0 98.0 1 13.0 0.4 0.3 2.5 3.0 60.0 30.0 41.5 70.8 122.5 55.3 12.0
- Example 2 2.0 0.0 9B.0 113.0 0.4 0.3 2.5 3.0 60.0 5.0 64.7 108.0 128.5 56.6 2.0
- Example 3 2.0 0.0 98.0 1 13.0 0.4 0.3 2.5 3.0 60.0 10.0 59.7 101 .0 127.5 57.0 4.0
- Example 4 2.0 0.0 98.0 1 13.0 ⁇ . ⁇ 0.6 5.0 5.9 60.0 5.0 61.9 105.0 128.0 56.4 3.2
- Example 5 2.0 0.0 98.0 1 13.0 0.8 0.6 5.0 5.9 60.0 10.0 50.3 90.1 24.9 56.6 8.2
- Example 6 2.0 0.0 98.0 1 13.0 0.8 0.6 5.0 5.9
- Example 1 1.0 0.0 49.0 56.5 0.7 1.0 0.5 1.2 60.0 30.0 35.8 58.0 118.5 51.4 16.4
- Example 9 1.0 0.0 49.0 56.5 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.6 60.0 30.0 52.9 88.9 125.0 51 .0 7.0
- Example 10 1.0 0.0 49.0 56.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 1.2 60.0 30.0 47.0 78.0 122.9 51.4 9.6
- Example 1 1
- Example 1 1.0 0.0 49.0 56.5 0.7 1.0 0.3 0.6 60.0 30.0 58.9 94.1 126.2 52.7 4.5
- Example 1 2 1.0 0.0 49.0 56.5 2.1 3.0 ⁇ .3 3.0 60.0 30.0 23.0 22.4 91.0 32J 35.4
- Example 1 1.0 0.0 49.0 56.5 1.4 2.0 1.3 3.0 60.0 60.0 12.B 10.6 81.3 24.2 50,8
- Example 1 4 1.0 0.0 49.0 56.5 0.7 1.0 1.3 3.0 60.0 60.0 19.3 16.1
- FIG. 1 shows a DSC thermogram of the crystalline polymer obtained in Example 1 and the polymer obtained in Comparative Example 1 in the process of raising the temperature. From this data, it has become clear that the crystalline polymer according to the present application exhibits a crystal transition phenomenon at a relatively low temperature as compared with a conventionally known crystalline polymer.
- FIG. 8 shows the temperature dependence of the spacing between the polymer obtained from Example 1 and the polymer obtained from Comparative Example 1 obtained from the diffraction peak position, obtained from wide-angle X-ray diffraction measurement. . From this result, it was clarified that the discontinuous volume change of the crystalline polymer according to the present invention was caused by expansion of the crystal lattice due to crystal transition.
- FIG. 2 shows the uniaxial expansion coefficients of the crystalline polymers obtained in Examples 1 and 2 and the polymer obtained in Comparative Example 1. Based on these results, the crystalline polymer according to the present invention shows a discontinuous volume change in a low temperature range of 30 ° C to 60 ° C, and therefore, the switching element in a low temperature range closer to the living environment temperature. It is clear that it has desired characteristics as
- Trans-1,4 polybutadiene having a trans-1,4 bond content of 99% prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, was used as a material which caused a crystal transition accompanied by a volume change.
- the trans-1,4-polybutadiene had a polystyrene-equivalent weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 210,000 and a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 29,000.
- Mw polystyrene-equivalent weight average molecular weight
- Mn number average molecular weight
- the crystal transition temperature was 70.8 ° C and the heat of transition was 118j / g. Further, the melting point was 130.3 degrees and the heat of fusion was 56.7 j / g.
- the trans 1,4-polybutadiene was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran at a polymer content of 5% by weight.
- the solution was cloudy at room temperature, but became almost uniform by heating to 70 ° C.
- a 25-m-thick polyolefin porous membrane (Upore, manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd.) cut out to a length of 5 cm and a width of 1 cm was used. A heated solution of butadiene was applied and the solution was dried in air.
- the dried film had a greatly curved shape toward the trans-1,4_polybutadiene layer due to the modification accompanying the drying of the trans-1,4_polybutadiene solution.
- the above film is used as a seat heater The heating was performed in a room temperature power atmosphere.
- the shape of the film hardly changed until around the crystal transition temperature (Ttr), but the film shape changed rapidly around the temperature above the crystal transition temperature (Ttr).
- Ttr crystal transition temperature
- Ttr crystal transition temperature
- Example 17 Using the thermally responsive plate obtained in Example 17, a silver paste (Aremco's Bond 525 manufactured by Aremco) was applied to the polyimide porous membrane substrate 2 on the side opposite to the side on which the trans-1,4-polybutadiene layer 1 was formed.
- the conductive coating 3 is formed by applying and drying in advance, and the contacts 4 electrically connected to the conductive coating and the terminals 5 and 6 used to connect the external circuit are formed. It was fabricated (Fig. 3 (a)).
- the device showed a resistance of 20 ⁇ at room temperature.
- the resistance of the above device hardly changed up to around the crystal transition temperature (Ttr), but around the crystal transition temperature (Ttr).
- the film shape changed rapidly, and contact opening (resistance ⁇ ) occurred (Fig. 3 (b)).
- this element was cooled, the resistance returned to its initial value at temperatures below Ttr. In other words, this element operated as an over-temperature protection element that causes a reversible steep contact opening and short circuit at the temperature Ttr.
- Excessive temperature rise prevention element was produced in the same manner as in Example 18, except that the length of the thermally responsive plate was lcm, the width was 0.2 mm, and the conductive film was formed by vacuum deposition of A1.
- the above element showed conduction at room temperature.
- this element was heated on a sheet heater from room temperature to the atmosphere, the resistance of the above element hardly changed up to the vicinity of the crystal transition temperature (Ttr), but the film exceeded the crystal transition temperature (Ttr). The shape changed abruptly and the contacts opened.
- this device was cooled, a short circuit occurred when the temperature went around Ttr.
- this element operated as a temperature overheat prevention element that causes a reversible steep contact opening and short circuit at the temperature Ttr.
- Example 16 Except for using the epoxidized trans 1,4-polybutadiene of Example 16 The same operation as in Example 17 was repeated. Displacement was observed as the temperature changed.
- the trans-1,4-polybutadiene of Example 16 to which 0.3% by weight of an antioxidant (Ilganox 1076 manufactured by Ciba Geigy Co., Ltd.) was added was used as a press machine (compression molding machine S-37.5, manufactured by Shinto Metal Works), 160 using a cylinder diameter of 150 mm and a maximum pressure of 21 MPa (210 kgfZcm 2 )).
- C was compression-molded to produce a 10 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 0.5 mm polymer plate.
- the switching element thus fabricated was placed in an electric furnace, and the element resistance at room temperature and 61 ° C was measured by a four-wire resistance measurement method using a multimeter (Model 2700 manufactured by Keithley). .
- the resistance at room temperature was 11.1 ⁇
- the resistance at 61 ° C was 1.2 ⁇ 10 8 ⁇ (measurement limit of the device) or more.
- the temperature returned to the initial resistance value of 11.1 ⁇ at 44 ° C.
- Figure 9 shows the displacement situation as a function of temperature.
- Example 16 The polymer of Example 16 (transition temperature: 39 ° C at the time of temperature rise, 30 ° C at the time of temperature decrease) was pressed into a press machine (compression molding machine S-37.5, manufactured by Shindo Kinzoku Seisakusho, cylinder diameter 150 mm, maximum pressure 21 MPa ( Using 210 kgf / cm 2 )), compression molding was performed at 140 ° C. to produce two 40 ⁇ 60 ⁇ 5 mm plates. The total weight of the board was 17.8 g. The two plates were placed in a paper cup containing 100 g of hot water at 45 ° C or higher, and kept in a thermostat at 15 ° C to continuously measure the water temperature at the bottom of the cup. Figure 7 shows the relationship between the heat release time and the water temperature. (Comparative Example 2)
- Example 22 The same operation as in Example 22 was repeated, except that a plate (18.3 g in total) manufactured using LDPE resin (Umeri 1540F manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd.) was used instead of Epoxy Dani TPB. .
- LDPE resin Umeri 1540F manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd.
- Example 22 The same operation as that of Example 22 was repeated, except that 18.Og of hot water was added to the epoxidized TPB and a total of 118.Og of hot water was used. The results are shown in FIG.
- Example 22 As is clear from the data obtained in Example 22, when part of water was replaced with epoxidized TPB having the same weight and almost the same volume, the drop in water temperature near 30 ° C. was delayed. It was shown that. This indicates that when the crystalline polymer according to the present invention was used, latent heat storage occurred, and the heat accumulated at the crystal transition temperature at the time of cooling was released.
- Example 15 The polymer of Example 15 was compression-molded at 160 ° C using a press machine (compression molding machine S-37.5, manufactured by Shinto Metal Works, cylinder diameter 150 mm, maximum pressure 21 MPa (210 kgf / cm 2 )). , 40 X 60 X 1 mm plate was made. It was placed in this microwave oven (RE-4100 manufactured by Sharp Corporation, output 1100 W) and heated for a predetermined time. The temperature rise due to microwave irradiation was confirmed. Table 2 shows the irradiation time and the surface temperature of the polymer plate after irradiation.
- compression molding machine S-37.5 manufactured by Shinto Metal Works, cylinder diameter 150 mm, maximum pressure 21 MPa (210 kgf / cm 2 )
- 40 X 60 X 1 mm plate was made. It was placed in this microwave oven (RE-4100 manufactured by Sharp Corporation, output 1100 W) and heated for a predetermined time. The temperature rise due to microwave irradiation was confirmed. Table 2 shows the irradiation time and the
- Example 23 The same operation as in Example 23 was repeated, except that the TPB of Comparative Example 1 was used. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 23 the surface temperature of the sample plate was increased to 98 ° C by irradiation for 120 seconds. At this time, the temperature of the rotating dish at the bottom of the range was slightly increased. When the sample plate heated by microwave irradiation for 60 seconds or more was left at room temperature, heat dissipation at the time of cooling was observed, and it took about 8 minutes for the surface temperature to drop to 31 ° C to 25 ° C. did.
- Comparative Example 4 the force at which the temperature rose to 42 ° C in the case of irradiation for 180 seconds was caused by the propagation of the temperature rise at the bottom of the range, and the temperature was increased compared to the polymer of the present invention The effect is significantly lower. In addition, it took only 2.5 minutes to reduce the surface temperature from 31 ° C to 25 ° C at room temperature, and it became clear that the material did not function as a heat storage material near 30 ° C due to the high transition temperature. Was.
- the crystalline polymer of the present invention is a novel crystalline polymer which exhibits a solid phase transition phenomenon, is easy to mold, and has a large amount of heat exchange due to crystal transition at a low crystal transition temperature.
- the crystalline polymer of the present invention is useful as a material for a thermally responsive plate, an overheat prevention element using the thermally responsive plate, and a thermally responsive switch.
- it has a low phase transition temperature and a high heat of phase transition, and is therefore useful as a heat storage material and heat storage medium.
- it has high additivity, and is therefore highly industrially applicable.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005511394A JP4508109B2 (ja) | 2003-07-07 | 2004-07-07 | 固相転移現象を示す結晶性ポリマー、およびその応用 |
EP04747122A EP1642912A4 (en) | 2003-07-07 | 2004-07-07 | CRYSTALLINE POLYMER WITH SOLID PHASE TRANSITION PHENOMENON AND USE THEREOF |
US10/563,041 US20060155088A1 (en) | 2003-07-07 | 2004-07-07 | Crystalline polymer exhibiting solid phase transition phenomenon and use thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003192830 | 2003-07-07 | ||
JP2003-192830 | 2003-07-07 | ||
JP2003-396527 | 2003-11-27 | ||
JP2003396527 | 2003-11-27 | ||
JP2004168842 | 2004-06-07 | ||
JP2004-168842 | 2004-06-07 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005003194A1 true WO2005003194A1 (ja) | 2005-01-13 |
Family
ID=33568354
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2004/009653 WO2005003194A1 (ja) | 2003-07-07 | 2004-07-07 | 固相転移現象を示す結晶性ポリマー、およびその応用 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060155088A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1642912A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4508109B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005003194A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11098229B2 (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2021-08-24 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Resin composition and use thereof |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS4960256U (ja) * | 1972-09-04 | 1974-05-27 | ||
JPH1077305A (ja) * | 1996-07-11 | 1998-03-24 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | エポキシ化ポリエン |
JPH10316715A (ja) * | 1997-05-20 | 1998-12-02 | Jsr Corp | エポキシ変性重合体の水性分散液 |
JP2001213917A (ja) * | 2000-02-03 | 2001-08-07 | Ube Ind Ltd | トランス−1,4−ポリブタジエン及びその製造方法 |
WO2001057889A1 (fr) * | 2000-02-01 | 2001-08-09 | Ube Industries, Ltd. | Composition polymère conductrice et élément ptc |
JP2002124172A (ja) * | 2000-10-13 | 2002-04-26 | Uchiya Thermostat Kk | サーマルプロテクタ |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2286150A1 (fr) * | 1974-09-27 | 1976-04-23 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede d'epoxydation de polybutadienes 1-2 amorphes, nouveaux produits obtenus et leurs applications |
JP3709613B2 (ja) * | 1996-01-31 | 2005-10-26 | 宇部興産株式会社 | 蓄熱材 |
WO1997048749A1 (fr) * | 1996-06-17 | 1997-12-24 | Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Polyene epoxyde, composition de resine epoxy et produit resultant de son durcissement, et materiau de revetement pulverulent |
US5993698A (en) * | 1997-11-06 | 1999-11-30 | Acheson Industries, Inc. | Electrical device containing positive temperature coefficient resistor composition and method of manufacturing the device |
JP2001081135A (ja) * | 1999-07-12 | 2001-03-27 | Ube Ind Ltd | トランス−1,4−ポリブタジエン、および、その製造方法 |
-
2004
- 2004-07-07 WO PCT/JP2004/009653 patent/WO2005003194A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-07-07 US US10/563,041 patent/US20060155088A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-07-07 JP JP2005511394A patent/JP4508109B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-07-07 EP EP04747122A patent/EP1642912A4/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS4960256U (ja) * | 1972-09-04 | 1974-05-27 | ||
JPH1077305A (ja) * | 1996-07-11 | 1998-03-24 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | エポキシ化ポリエン |
JPH10316715A (ja) * | 1997-05-20 | 1998-12-02 | Jsr Corp | エポキシ変性重合体の水性分散液 |
WO2001057889A1 (fr) * | 2000-02-01 | 2001-08-09 | Ube Industries, Ltd. | Composition polymère conductrice et élément ptc |
JP2001213917A (ja) * | 2000-02-03 | 2001-08-07 | Ube Ind Ltd | トランス−1,4−ポリブタジエン及びその製造方法 |
JP2002124172A (ja) * | 2000-10-13 | 2002-04-26 | Uchiya Thermostat Kk | サーマルプロテクタ |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP1642912A4 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1642912A1 (en) | 2006-04-05 |
JP4508109B2 (ja) | 2010-07-21 |
US20060155088A1 (en) | 2006-07-13 |
JPWO2005003194A1 (ja) | 2007-11-01 |
EP1642912A4 (en) | 2008-03-12 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
KR100974007B1 (ko) | 프리프레그 및 인쇄배선기판용 전도성 적층 기판 | |
KR101670087B1 (ko) | 열경화성 수지, 이를 포함한 수지 조성물, 및 이를 이용하여 제조된 인쇄회로기판 | |
CN108047978B (zh) | 绝缘包覆材料及其制造方法、绝缘缆线及其制造方法 | |
KR20220112248A (ko) | 경화성 조성물 및 그 경화체 | |
Huang et al. | Studied on mechanical, thermal and dielectric properties of BPh/PEN-OH copolymer | |
TWI772946B (zh) | 聚醯亞胺薄膜之製造方法、由該方法製得的聚醯亞胺薄膜、及包含其的多層薄膜、可撓性金屬箔層壓板和電子部件 | |
Wang et al. | Thermoreversible cross-linking of ethylene/propylene copolymer rubbers | |
KR20230065929A (ko) | 조성물 및 그 경화체 | |
TW201620977A (zh) | 芳香族四官能乙烯苄基樹脂組成物及其應用 | |
US20230002613A1 (en) | Low-dielectric-constant polyimide composite powder, and method for producing same | |
Shi et al. | Design and synthesis of low dielectric poly (aryl ether ketone) from incorporation bulky fluorene groups and regular hydroquinone structure | |
CA2835199A1 (en) | Halogen free thermoset resin system for low dielectric loss at high frequency applications | |
WO2005003194A1 (ja) | 固相転移現象を示す結晶性ポリマー、およびその応用 | |
Ma et al. | High performance polyimide films containing benzimidazole moieties for thin film solar cells | |
Yang et al. | Super engineering plastics and forms | |
CN116194512A (zh) | 低介电聚酰亚胺膜及其制造方法 | |
CN102532543A (zh) | 共聚型可热封接聚酰亚胺及其制备方法与应用 | |
Darie-Nita et al. | Micro-and macrostructure of polyimide blends and composites: Methods of investigations | |
JP7570901B2 (ja) | 組成物及びその硬化物 | |
KR102644738B1 (ko) | 폴리이미드 분말의 제조 방법 | |
KR102230494B1 (ko) | 마이크로파를 이용한 폴리이미드 필름의 제조방법 | |
TWI755133B (zh) | 聚醯亞胺薄膜之製造方法、由該方法製得的聚醯亞胺薄膜、及包含其的多層薄膜、可撓性金屬箔層壓板和電子部件 | |
JP5125317B2 (ja) | 重合性組成物、架橋性樹脂および架橋体 | |
JP6661878B2 (ja) | 環状オレフィン系共重合体およびその製造方法 | |
JP2024074136A (ja) | ブロック共重合体、硬化物、電子回路基板材料、樹脂フィルム、プリプレグ、積層体、及び半導体チップパッケージ |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
DPEN | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed from 20040101) | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2005511394 Country of ref document: JP |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2006155088 Country of ref document: US Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 10563041 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2004747122 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2004747122 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 10563041 Country of ref document: US |