WO2004113975A1 - ホログラフィック光学素子、その製造方法、及びホログラフィック記録システム - Google Patents
ホログラフィック光学素子、その製造方法、及びホログラフィック記録システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004113975A1 WO2004113975A1 PCT/JP2004/007491 JP2004007491W WO2004113975A1 WO 2004113975 A1 WO2004113975 A1 WO 2004113975A1 JP 2004007491 W JP2004007491 W JP 2004007491W WO 2004113975 A1 WO2004113975 A1 WO 2004113975A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- light
- holographic
- intensity distribution
- holographic recording
- optical element
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001093 holography Methods 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium niobate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
- G02B27/0944—Diffractive optical elements, e.g. gratings, holograms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/32—Holograms used as optical elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
- G03H2001/0208—Individual components other than the hologram
- G03H2001/0216—Optical components
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
- G03H1/0402—Recording geometries or arrangements
- G03H2001/0413—Recording geometries or arrangements for recording transmission holograms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
- G03H1/0402—Recording geometries or arrangements
- G03H2001/0415—Recording geometries or arrangements for recording reflection holograms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H2222/00—Light sources or light beam properties
- G03H2222/35—Transverse intensity distribution of the light beam
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a holographic optical element used for recording and reproducing information using holography, a manufacturing method thereof, and a holographic recording system.
- holographic recording in which information is recorded on a recording medium using holography, for example, a laser beam from a laser diode is split into an object beam and a reference beam by a beam splitter, and an information beam based on the object beam is separated from the laser beam.
- the information is recorded on the holo-drama recording medium by an interference pattern with the reference light.
- the holographic recording medium is irradiated with reference light to reproduce information by diffraction due to an interference pattern.
- the relationship between the spot diameter and the light intensity of the laser beam used in the optical system is as shown in FIG. It can be seen that the light intensity has an intensity distribution (Gaussian distribution) that is considerably larger than the light intensity at a position away from the optical axis.
- the spot diameter represents the diameter of a circle having a light intensity of 1 / e 2
- the integrated value represents the amount of light (normalized) whose distance from the optical axis is inside the value. .
- the reference light and the object light have a uniform light intensity distribution.
- IBM J. RES. DEVELOP. VOL. 44 NO. 3 MAY 2000 (P341-P368)
- the light intensity distribution of the laser light is made uniform using an apodizer (APODIZER) constituted by a lens and an intensity modulation filter, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-157,1992.
- an apodizer using a lens is expensive and can cope only with a specific light intensity distribution.
- the intensity modulation by a filter or an iris diaphragm can reduce the incident light from the laser light source. There is a problem that utilization efficiency is extremely low.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and it is not necessary to reduce the utilization efficiency of incident light nor to use a lens to uniformly generate reference light and object light. It is an object of the present invention to provide a holographic recording system capable of obtaining a light intensity distribution, a holographic optical element suitable for the holographic recording system, and a method of manufacturing the same.
- a holographic optical element capable of emitting light having an intensity distribution closer to a rectangular function than incident light as refracted light produces a beam with a uniform light intensity distribution. It has been found that holographic recording and z-reproduction can be performed without reducing the utilization efficiency of incident light and without using an apodizer using a lens.
- a diffraction grating is formed such that incident light having an intensity distribution of substantially Gaussian function is emitted as a diffracted light having an intensity distribution closer to a rectangular function, which is made of a photosensitive material.
- Holographic optical element is formed such that incident light having an intensity distribution of substantially Gaussian function is emitted as a diffracted light having an intensity distribution closer to a rectangular function, which is made of a photosensitive material.
- the laser light is split into reference light and object light, and the object light is converted into a rectangular function by a filter having a low light transmittance near the center of the beam and having an intensity distribution of approximately Gaussian function.
- the collimated light having a near-intensity distribution is incident on the photosensitive material.
- the reference light is incident on the photosensitive material at a different angle with respect to the object light, and the light is incident on the photosensitive material.
- a method for manufacturing a holographic optical element characterized in that interference fringes between object light and reference light are formed as a diffraction grating.
- a holographic recording medium emits a laser beam between the light source and the beam splitter as diffracted light toward the beam splitter.
- An optical element is provided, and this holographic optical element has a diffraction grating formed so that incident light having an intensity distribution of a substantially Gaussian function is emitted as diffracted light having an intensity distribution closer to a rectangular function.
- the diffracted light between the holographic optical element and the beam splitter, the object light from the beam splitter to the holographic recording medium, the information light obtained by modulating the object light, and the reference light are light intensities.
- the holographic recording medium on which the interference pattern is recorded can be irradiated with the object light or the reference light, and reproduction is performed by reading reproduction light emitted from the holographic recording medium by the irradiation.
- the holographic recording system according to any one of (3) to (5), further including a device.
- a holographic recording medium on which information is recorded in advance by an interference pattern is irradiated with a laser beam having a substantially Gaussian function intensity distribution from a light source as reference light to form diffracted light by the interference pattern.
- a holographic reproduction system that reproduces the information, wherein the laser light incident from the light source is rectangular on the optical path of the reference light from the light source to the holographic recording medium, as compared with the intensity distribution of the substantially Gaussian function.
- a holographic reproduction system comprising a holographic optical element having a diffraction grating for diffracted light having an intensity distribution close to a function.
- FIG. 1 is an optical system diagram showing an apparatus for manufacturing a holographic optical element according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a light intensity distribution in a portion II in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a rectangular function in cylindrical coordinates.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a light intensity distribution in a portion IV in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 5 is an optical system diagram showing a holographic recording / reproducing system according to an example of an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing interference contrast of incident light having a Gaussian distribution.
- FIG. 7 is for manufacturing a holographic optical element according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention. It is an optical system diagram which shows the apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 8 is an optical system diagram showing a holographic recording / reproducing system according to another example of an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing a relationship between a general object light or reference light intensity distribution and a spot diameter.
- holographic optical element 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
- the apparatus 12 for manufacturing the holographic optical element 10 includes a laser light source 14 such as a laser diode, and a beam including, for example, a half mirror for splitting laser light from the laser light source 14 into reference light and object light. It has a splitter 16, an object optical system 20, and a reference optical system 30.
- the object optical system 20 includes a beam expander 22 for expanding the beam diameter of the object light transmitted through the beam splitter 16, and a collimated light from the beam expander 22 having a substantially Gaussian function intensity distribution. Is used as a collimated light having an intensity distribution closer to a rectangular function (detailed description will be given later), and an area of the collimated light transmitted through the intensity filter 24 having a uniform light intensity distribution. And an iris diaphragm 26 that transmits only the light and blocks the outer periphery.
- the beam expander 22 includes a condenser lens 22A, a pinhorn lens 22B, and a collimator lens 22C.
- the condenser lens 22A transfers the object light transmitted through the beam splitter 16 to the position of the pinhole 22B.
- the light is condensed, and the collimator lens 22C converts the divergent light passing through the pinhole 22B into collimated light and guides the divergent light to the intensity filter 24.
- the reference optical system 30 for the reference light includes a mirror 32 for reflecting the light reflected from the beam splitter 16 and a beam diameter for enlarging the beam diameter of the reference light reflected by the mirror 32.
- the beam expander 34 includes a light collecting lens 34A, a pinhole 34B, and a collimator lens 34C as in the beam expander 22.
- the object light from the object optical system 20 and the reference light from the reference optical system 30 interfere in the photosensitive material 11 provided at a position where the object light intersects, and due to the interference pattern, the photosensitive material 11
- a diffraction grating is formed in 11.
- the photosensitive material 11 for example, a holographic recording medium such as lithium niobate (Fe: LiNbO) doped with iron, which is a photorefractive crystal, or a photopolymer is used.
- a holographic recording medium such as lithium niobate (Fe: LiNbO) doped with iron, which is a photorefractive crystal, or a photopolymer is used.
- the intensity filter 24 in the object optical system 20 has a low light transmittance near the center optical axis, and as shown in FIG. 2, converts the object light into an intensity component closer to a rectangular function.
- the collimated light of the cloth is used.
- the light intensity distribution is a “rectangular function” means that the light intensity takes a constant finite value in a region where the distance from the optical axis is equal to or less than a constant value R, and the distance from the optical axis is r. It means that the light intensity becomes 0 in the larger area.
- the light intensity distribution force becomes a rectangular function with respect to 3 ⁇ 4, and does not depend on ⁇ and z. Indicates the situation.
- the iris diaphragm 26 blocks the outer peripheral portion of the object light and transmits only the portion near the center as described above, the iris diaphragm 26 is indicated by a symbol A in FIG. Only the range (the range of the radius R in FIG. 3) is incident on the photosensitive material 11.
- the reference optical system 30 since the reference light that has passed through the iris diaphragm 36 is not particularly subjected to intensity modulation or the like, the light intensity has a Gaussian distribution as shown in FIG. I have.
- the diffraction grating serving as the interference pattern has the same Gaussian distribution light intensity as the reference light. It is formed to emit light as diffracted light having an intensity distribution close to a rectangular function as shown in FIG. Thereafter, the holographic optical element 10 is completed through necessary processing.
- the holographic recording / reproducing system 40 uses the holographic optical element 10 manufactured by the manufacturing apparatus 12 shown in FIG. 1 and emits laser light from a laser light source 42.
- the beam is split into object light and reference light by a half-mirror force beam splitter 44, and a holographic recording medium 46 is formed by using an interference pattern between the information light and the reference light obtained by modulating the object light using holography.
- Information is recorded in
- the hologram for emitting the incident laser light between the laser light source 42 and the beam splitter 44 as diffracted light toward the beam splitter 44.
- a graphic optical element 10 is provided.
- the laser light transmitted through the beam splitter 44 is reflected by a mirror 48 as reference light, and is incident on the holographic recording medium 46.
- the laser light reflected by the beam splitter 44 is reflected by the mirror 50 as object light, and is incident on the holographic recording medium 46.
- a spatial light modulator (SLM) 52 composed of a transmissive liquid crystal panel is arranged, and data displayed here is displayed.
- the object light is modulated in accordance with the information light to become information light.
- the holographic recording medium 46 is made of, for example, a photorefractive crystal of iron-doped lithium niobate (Fe: LiNb ⁇ 3) or a photopolymer, similarly to the holographic optical element 10. Inside, a diffraction grating is formed by an interference pattern between the reference light and the information light.
- the object light (information light) is blocked by the SLM 52, for example, so that only the reference light is irradiated onto the holographic recording medium 46. .
- the reference light is diffracted according to the recorded data, and is read by the CCD 54 arranged on the optical path of the diffracted light.
- the CCD 54 arranged on the optical path of the diffracted light.
- the reference light and the object light are close to a rectangular function by the holographic optical element 10 arranged between the laser light source 42 and the beam splitter 44. Since the diffracted light having the intensity distribution, that is, the collimated light having the uniform intensity distribution, is incident on the beam splitter 44, the uniform light intensity distribution is always obtained in both the object light optical system and the reference light optical system. It is possible to record / reproduce information on the holographic recording medium 46 without using a beam expander, an iris diaphragm, or the like.
- the recording beam since the recording beam has no intensity distribution and is uniform during holographic recording, there is no decrease in the diffraction efficiency of the diffraction grating and no increase in the BER as described above. Therefore, more precise grating design, in other words, high-density information recording can be performed.
- the present invention relates to a transmission type holographic optical element
- the present invention is not limited to this, but is also applicable to a reflection type holographic optical element.
- FIG. 7 An apparatus 62 for manufacturing a reflective holographic optical element 60 is shown in FIG. 7, and a holographic recording / reproducing system 64 is shown in FIG.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 the same parts as those in FIGS.
- the example of the above-described embodiment relates to a holographic recording / reproducing system capable of performing both holographic recording and reproduction.
- the present invention is not limited to this. Alternatively, the present invention is naturally applied to a holographic reproduction only system.
- the present invention is configured as described above, it is possible to easily manufacture a holographic optical element including a diffraction grating that emits incident light as diffraction light having an intensity distribution closer to a rectangular function, and Use of the holographic optical element has an excellent effect that reference light and object light having a uniform intensity distribution can be formed without using a lens.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Holo Graphy (AREA)
- Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2003-176116 | 2003-06-20 | ||
JP2003176116A JP2005010585A (ja) | 2003-06-20 | 2003-06-20 | ホログラフィック光学素子、その製造方法、及びホログラフィック記録システム |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2004113975A1 true WO2004113975A1 (ja) | 2004-12-29 |
Family
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2004/007491 WO2004113975A1 (ja) | 2003-06-20 | 2004-05-31 | ホログラフィック光学素子、その製造方法、及びホログラフィック記録システム |
Country Status (2)
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JP (1) | JP2005010585A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004113975A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103472512A (zh) * | 2013-09-27 | 2013-12-25 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | 全息变间距光栅曝光光路的装调装置 |
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CN103698769A (zh) * | 2008-11-17 | 2014-04-02 | 法罗技术股份有限公司 | 测量六个自由度的装置和方法 |
US9482755B2 (en) | 2008-11-17 | 2016-11-01 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Measurement system having air temperature compensation between a target and a laser tracker |
US9772394B2 (en) | 2010-04-21 | 2017-09-26 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for following an operator and locking onto a retroreflector with a laser tracker |
US8619265B2 (en) | 2011-03-14 | 2013-12-31 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Automatic measurement of dimensional data with a laser tracker |
CN102087480B (zh) * | 2010-12-22 | 2012-02-08 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | 一种平面全息光栅曝光光路中实时监测装置的调整方法 |
GB2518543A (en) | 2011-03-03 | 2015-03-25 | Faro Tech Inc | Target apparatus and method |
GB2504890A (en) | 2011-04-15 | 2014-02-12 | Faro Tech Inc | Enhanced position detector in laser tracker |
US9482529B2 (en) | 2011-04-15 | 2016-11-01 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Three-dimensional coordinate scanner and method of operation |
JP6099675B2 (ja) | 2012-01-27 | 2017-03-22 | ファロ テクノロジーズ インコーポレーテッド | バーコード識別による検査方法 |
KR101953318B1 (ko) * | 2012-03-20 | 2019-02-28 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 광변환 필름의 제조장비 |
TWI475253B (zh) | 2012-05-04 | 2015-03-01 | Univ Nat Chiao Tung | 微型顯微鏡及其光學元件的製作方法 |
US9188430B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2015-11-17 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Compensation of a structured light scanner that is tracked in six degrees-of-freedom |
US9041914B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-05-26 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Three-dimensional coordinate scanner and method of operation |
US9395174B2 (en) | 2014-06-27 | 2016-07-19 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Determining retroreflector orientation by optimizing spatial fit |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06186900A (ja) * | 1991-10-25 | 1994-07-08 | Tandy Corp | 光学記録システム用ホログラフィー素子 |
JPH11258544A (ja) * | 1998-03-09 | 1999-09-24 | Fujitsu Ltd | 光強度変換素子及び光学装置及び光ディスク装置 |
JP2002513981A (ja) * | 1998-05-05 | 2002-05-14 | オプティリンク アクチボラグ | ホログラフィー記録媒体、好ましくは光カードに情報を記録するためのシステムおよび方法 |
-
2003
- 2003-06-20 JP JP2003176116A patent/JP2005010585A/ja not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-05-31 WO PCT/JP2004/007491 patent/WO2004113975A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06186900A (ja) * | 1991-10-25 | 1994-07-08 | Tandy Corp | 光学記録システム用ホログラフィー素子 |
JPH11258544A (ja) * | 1998-03-09 | 1999-09-24 | Fujitsu Ltd | 光強度変換素子及び光学装置及び光ディスク装置 |
JP2002513981A (ja) * | 1998-05-05 | 2002-05-14 | オプティリンク アクチボラグ | ホログラフィー記録媒体、好ましくは光カードに情報を記録するためのシステムおよび方法 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103472512A (zh) * | 2013-09-27 | 2013-12-25 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | 全息变间距光栅曝光光路的装调装置 |
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