WO2004108921A1 - 核酸導入法 - Google Patents
核酸導入法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004108921A1 WO2004108921A1 PCT/JP2004/008020 JP2004008020W WO2004108921A1 WO 2004108921 A1 WO2004108921 A1 WO 2004108921A1 JP 2004008020 W JP2004008020 W JP 2004008020W WO 2004108921 A1 WO2004108921 A1 WO 2004108921A1
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- nucleic acid
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- introduction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/87—Introduction of foreign genetic material using processes not otherwise provided for, e.g. co-transformation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K48/00—Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseases; Gene therapy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel nucleic acid introduction method. More specifically, the present invention relates to a novel nucleic acid introduction method utilizing a difference in osmotic pressure. Background technology
- oligonucleotides such as antisense nucleic acids and short interfering RNAs (siRA)
- siRA short interfering RNAs
- Conventional gene transfer methods are based on the negative charge of a functional molecule and the negative charge of a cell membrane and a cationic ribosome that ion-bonds them (Feigner, et al, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 84, 7413 (1987), Positive charges such as Invitrogen, FOCUS, Vol. 21, No. 3 (1999)) and polyethyleneimine (Boussif, et al, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 92, 7297 (1995)).
- a method of introducing a carrier complex into a cell or a method of introducing a fusion molecule in which a cell-permeable peptide and an oligonucleotide are covalently linked (Thoren et al, FEBS Letters, 482, 265 (2000), Nagahara, et al. al, Nature medicine, 4, 1449 (1998)), a method of transiently piercing cells and introducing them into cells (Neumann, et al, EMBO J, 1, 841 (1982)). there were.
- the transfer method using a complex with a positively-charged carrier is generally good in the efficiency of introduction into adherent cultured cell lines. Since the internal uptake mechanism is used for uptake, it was difficult to introduce it into cells with low uptake activity. In addition, because the carrier itself has cytotoxicity and immunoadjuvant activity, it was difficult to introduce it into floating cells such as lymphocytes and primary cultured cells.
- the method of introducing a fusion molecule in which a cell permeable peptide and an oligonucleotide are covalently bonded is not only a problem of the efficiency of the covalent bond formation reaction and the complexity of the reaction, but also the effect of the cell permeable peptide as well as the action of the oligonucleotide alone.
- the method of introducing a functional molecule by temporarily electrically piercing a cell is a method in which the cell is extremely damaged due to an electric pulse.
- the problem that many cells ruptured due to the page As described above, each of the conventional methods for introducing a nucleic acid has a problem. Therefore, there has been a demand for a new method for introducing a nucleic acid capable of efficiently introducing a nucleic acid regardless of a cell type. Disclosure of efforts
- An object of the present invention is to provide a novel nucleic acid introduction method. More specifically, an object of the present invention is to provide a novel nucleic acid introduction method utilizing a difference in osmotic pressure.
- the present invention utilizes the osmotic pressure difference between the extracellular fluid and the intracellular fluid, promotes pinocytosis (drinking action), which is one of the phenomena in which cells take up an external solution, It enables efficient introduction to
- the present invention has been completed based on such findings.
- a nucleic acid introduction method comprising the following steps (a) and (b):
- step (b) a step of reducing the osmotic pressure of the hypertonic solution after the step (a),
- nucleic acid introduction method according to (1) or (2), wherein the nucleic acid is an oligonucleotide
- oligonucleotide is a single-stranded oligonucleotide, a double-stranded oligonucleotide, or an analog thereof.
- Oligonucleotides are deoxyribonucleotides (DNA), liponucleotides (RNA), phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides, 2'-O- (2-methoxy) ethyl mono-modified nucleic acids (2, (3) or (4), which is one M) E-modified nucleic acid), short interfering RNA (siRNA), cross-linked nucleic acid (LNA), peptide nucleic acid (PNA) or morpholino antisense nucleic acid Nucleic acid introduction method,
- the nucleic acid introduction method according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the hypertonic solution contains at least one substance belonging to oligosaccharides or polyhydric alcohols;
- polyethylene glycol is PEG 200, PEG 300, PEG 400, PEG 600, PEG 1000, PEG 1500, PEG 1540 or PEG 2000.
- the hypertonic solution contains (a) at least one substance belonging to an oligosaccharide or a sugar alcohol, and (b) at least one substance belonging to a diol, a triol or a polyol.
- the hypertonic solution is (a) at least one selected from sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol and xylitol, and (b) PEG 200, PEG 300 PE G400, PEG600, PEG1000, PEG1500, PEG1540, containing at least one selected from PEG2000 and glycerin, the nucleic acid introduction method according to (22),
- a reagent for introducing a nucleic acid comprising as an ingredient at least one substance belonging to oligosaccharides or polyhydric alcohols,
- the reagent for nucleic acid introduction according to (63), wherein the polyethylene glycol is PEG200, PEG300, PEG400, PEG600, PEG1000 PEG1500, PEG1540 or PEG2000;
- nucleic acid introduction reagent according to (50) or (51), wherein the reagent comprises one kind of a substance belonging to an oligosaccharide or a sugar alcohol as a component.
- nucleic acid introduction reagent according to (87), wherein the monosaccharide alcohol is mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol or erythritol.
- nucleic acid introduction reagent which comprises sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol, or maltitol as a component;
- each component is in the form of an independent solid or liquid when two or more components belonging to oligosaccharides or polyhydric alcohols are contained.
- nucleic acid transfer agent comprising the reagent or kit according to any of (50) to (96) above,
- FIG. 1 shows the results of introduction of oligonucleotides into mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7 cells by the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention (upper), the Oligofectamine method (middle), and the polyethyleneimine method (lower).
- the left side shows the bright field image of the transfected cells
- the right side shows the fluorescence field image.
- FIG. 2 shows the results of introducing TLR4 siRNA into RAW264.7 cells by the nucleic acid transfer method of the present invention and measuring the siRNA effect by quantitative PCR.
- TLR4 siRNA shows the results of transfection of TLR4 siRNA
- Negative Control siRNA The result of the introduction is shown.
- the vertical axis indicates the relative amount of TLR4 mRNA after normalization with the amount of GAPDH mRNA.
- FIG. 3 shows the results obtained by introducing TLR4 siRNA into RAW 264.7 cells by the nucleic acid transfer method of the present invention, and measuring the effect of suppressing TNFa production by LPS or GLA-60 stimulation.
- TLR4 siRNA shows the result of transfection of TLR4 siRNA
- Negative Control siRNA shows the result of transfection of siRNA that is a negative control.
- the vertical axis indicates the amount of TNFa production.
- FIG. 4 shows the results of measuring the transfection efficiency (upper figure) and cytotoxicity (lower figure) by introducing FITC-labeled oligonucleotide into MW264. 7 cells by the nucleic acid transfer method of the present invention.
- the horizontal axis shows the fluorescence level of the transfection efficiency marker FITC (upper figure) and the fluorescence level of the cytotoxicity marker 7MD (lower figure), and the vertical axis shows the number of events.
- FIG. 5 shows the results of using RAW 264.7 cells and measuring the effect of the type of oligosaccharide / polyhydric alcohol contained in the hypertonic solution on the introduction of siRNA into cells.
- GAPDH siRNA shows the result of introducing GAPDH siRNA
- Negative Control siRNA shows the result of introducing siRNA which is a negative control.
- the vertical axis indicates the relative amount of GAPDH mRNA after normalizing the amount of Cyclophilin mRNA.
- FIG. 6 shows the results of measuring the effect of a combination of sucrose and polyhydric alcohol (PEG) contained in the hypertonic solution on the introduction of siRNA into cells using RAW 264.7 cells.
- GAPDH siRNA shows the result of introduction of GAPDH siRNA
- Negative Control siRNA shows the result of introduction of siRNA as a negative control.
- the vertical axis shows the relative amount of GAPDH mRNA after normalizing the amount of Cyclophilin mRNA.
- FIG. 7 shows the results of using MW 264.7 cells and measuring the effect of the combination of sorbitol and polyvalent alcohol (PEG) contained in the hypertonic solution on the introduction of siRNA into cells.
- GAPDH siRNA shows the result of introduction of GAPDH siRNA
- Negative Control siRNA shows the result of introduction of siRNA as a negative control.
- the vertical axis indicates the relative amount of GAPDH mRNA after normalization with the amount of cyclophilin raRNA.
- FIG. 8 shows the results obtained by examining whether the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention can be applied to uncharged nucleic acids using D011.10.
- the upper figure shows the results of the introduction of the uncharged nucleic acid analog morpholino 'antisense nucleic acid
- the lower figure shows the results of the introduction of the charged nucleic acid analog phosphorothioate oligodoxynucleotide.
- the horizontal axis shows the amount of fluorescence of the introduced marker Fluorescein
- the vertical axis shows the number of events.
- the horizontal axis indicates the amount of fluorescence of the introduced marker FITC
- the vertical axis indicates the number of events.
- FIG. 9 shows the results of examining the effect of repeated introduction of siRNA by the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention using D011.10.
- GAPDH siRNA shows the result of introduction of GAPDH siRNA
- Negative Control siRNA shows the result of introduction of siRNA as a negative control.
- the vertical axis shows the relative amount of GAPDH mRNA after normalization with the amount of Cyclophilin mRNA.
- Figure 10 shows the transfection efficiency (knockdown activity) of siRNA introduced into rat primary cultured differentiated adipocytes by the nucleic acid transfer method of the present invention. The results obtained are shown.
- GAPDH siRNA shows the result of introduction of GAPDH siRNA
- Negative Control siRNA shows the result of introduction of siRNA which is a negative control.
- the vertical axis indicates the relative amount of GAPDH mRNA after normalization with the amount of Cyclophilin mRNA.
- FIG. 11 shows the results obtained by repeatedly introducing siRNA into RAW 264.7 cells by the nucleic acid transfer method of the present invention, and measuring the transfer efficiency (knockdown activity) at the protein level.
- Ctrl indicates a negative control siRNA
- TLR2 indicates an siRNA against TLR2.
- Anti_T anti_T
- LR2 indicates the TLR2 protein detected by the anti-TLR2 antibody
- Anti-GAPDH indicates the GAPDH protein detected by the anti-GAPDH antibody.
- the present invention comprises at least the following steps (a) and (b):
- step (b) a step of reducing the osmotic pressure of the hypertonic solution after the step (a),
- nucleic acid introduction method comprising:
- the nucleic acid used in step (a) is not limited in its type in principle of the method, and any nucleic acid can be used as a target to be introduced. That is, it may be either an oligonucleotide or a polynucleotide, and may be a single-stranded / double-stranded or any form thereof. When the nucleic acid of the present invention is single-stranded, either a sense strand or an antisense strand can be used. Further, when the nucleic acid of the present invention is a polynucleotide, it may be in the form of a plasmid. The nucleic acid of the present invention is preferably an oligonucleotide.
- oligonucleotide there is no limitation on the type of oligonucleotide to be introduced in the principle of the method, and any of single-stranded oligonucleotides, double-stranded oligonucleotides and analogs thereof can be used.
- deoxyribonucleotide DNA
- ribonucleotide RNA
- phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide see Example 1, etc.
- 2, -0- ( 2 -methoxy) ethyl-modification Nucleic acid 2 , _M0E-modified nucleic acid
- short interfering RNA small interfering RNA: siRNA, see Examples 2 and 3
- cross-linked nucleic acid Locked Nucleic Acid: LNA; Singh, et al, Chera.
- the concentration of the nucleic acid of the present invention in the hypertonic solution may be any concentration as long as it can be introduced into cells, but is usually in the range of 0.01 // M to 1 mM. And preferably in the range of 1 ⁇ M to 100%.
- the hypertonic solution used in the step (a) is a solution that maintains an osmotic pressure of isotonic or higher and enables the uptake of nucleic acids into cells by contacting the cells with the hypertonic solution containing nucleic acids.
- Any solution can be used as the hypertonic solution of the present invention.
- a hypertonic solution containing at least one (one) substance belonging to oligosaccharides or polyhydric alcohols is used.
- the oligosaccharide specifically includes a disaccharide, a trisaccharide, a tetrasaccharide, a pentasaccharide or a decasaccharide, and preferably a disaccharide.
- the disaccharides include sucrose, maltose, sucrose, trehalose, levanbiose, chitobiose, visiananose, sanbubyose, melibiose, episeobiobiose, lleranose, rutinose and lobinobiose, and preferably sucrose, maltose or lactose. Is mentioned.
- the polyhydric alcohol mentioned above specifically includes diols, triols, polyols and sugar alcohols. More preferred are triols, polyols and sugar alcohols.
- the glycol includes a glycol derivative.
- the glycol derivative ethylene dalicol is exemplified.
- a glycerin derivative can be used.
- the glycerin derivative includes glycerin.
- polystyrene resin examples include polyethylene dalicol.
- the polyethylene glycol may have any molecular weight as long as it has a molecular weight of 2000 or less. Specifically, PEG 200, PEG G300, PEG 400, PEG 600, PEG 1000, PEG 1500, PEG 1540 and PEG 2000 are exemplified.
- sugar alcohol examples include monosaccharide alcohols and oligosaccharide alcohols.
- Monosaccharide alcohols include mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol or erythritol.
- oligosaccharide alcohol examples include disaccharide alcohols.
- Disaccharide alcohols include maltitol, lactitol or reduced palatinose.
- the hypertonic solution used in the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention may contain at least one substance belonging to the above-mentioned various oligosaccharides or polyhydric alcohols.
- the substances listed above e.g., sucrose, maltose, lactose, trehalose, lebambiose, chitobiose, vicinaose, sanbuviose, meribios, episelobiose, llanonose, noretinose, mouth.binobiose, ethylene glycol , Glycerin, polyethylene glycol (PEG with a molecular weight of 2000 or less-PEG200, PEG300, PEG400, PEG600, PEG1000, PEG1500, PEG1540, PEG2000, etc.), mannitol, sonolevitol, xylitol, erythritol, multi At least one substance arbitrarily selected from substances such as toll, lact
- a hypertonic solution containing one substance, two substances, three substances, or four or more substances arbitrarily selected from the above-listed substances is exemplified.
- the oligosaccharide and / or polyhydric alcohol present in the hypertonic solution is used to allow the uptake of the nucleic acid into the cells when the hypertonic solution, the nucleic acid and the cells are brought into contact.
- Must be adjusted so that the total concentration of is within the range of 0.29 M to 3 M. Any molar concentration may be used within this range, preferably in the range of 0.35 M to 2.5 M, more preferably 0.35 M to 2.1 M, and still more preferably. Is in the range of 0.5 M to 2.1 M.
- the appropriate molar concentration differs depending on the cells.For example, by examining the desired cells at three concentrations of 1 M, 1.5 M, and 2 M, etc. The appropriate molarity for the cells can be easily determined.
- the hypertonic solution used in the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention may contain at least one (one) substance belonging to oligosaccharides or polyhydric alcohols as described above.
- the substance may contain only one kind or two or more kinds. When two or more kinds are contained, it is preferable to contain (1) at least one kind of substance belonging to oligosaccharide or sugar alcohol and (2) at least one kind of substance belonging to diol, triol or polyol.
- Oligosaccharides used herein specifically include disaccharides, trisaccharides, tetrasaccharides, pentasaccharides, or decasaccharides, and preferably disaccharides.
- disaccharide examples include sucrose, maltose, lactose, trehalose, levanbiose, chitobiose, vicianose, sanbubioose, melibiose, episelovobiose, lleranose, noretinose, and robinobiose, and preferably sucrose and maltose.
- sugar alcohol monosaccharide alcohols or oligosaccharide alcohols are mentioned.
- Monosaccharide alcohols include mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol or erythritol.
- oligosaccharide alcohol examples include disaccharide alcohols.
- Disaccharide alcohols include maltitol, ratatitol or reduced palatinose.
- Examples of the diol include a glycol derivative.
- Examples of the glycol derivative include ethylene glycol.
- a glycerin derivative can be used as the triol.
- the glycerin derivative includes glycerin.
- examples of the polyol include a polyglycol derivative.
- Polyglycol derivatives include polyethylene glycol.
- the polyethylene glycol may have any molecular weight as long as it has a molecular weight of 2000 or less. Specifically, PEG200, PEG300, PEG400, PEG600, PEG1000, PEG1500, PEG1540 and PEG2000 are exemplified.
- Preferred combinations of the hypertonic solution of the present invention containing (1) at least one substance belonging to oligosaccharide or sugar alcohol and (2) at least one substance belonging to diol, triol or polyol as described above (1) at least one selected from sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol and xylitol, and (2) from PEG200, PEG300, PEG400, PEG600, PEG1000, PEG1500, PEG1540, PEG2000 and glycerin.
- a hypertonic solution containing at least one selected from is exemplified.
- a hypertonic solution containing (1) one substance belonging to an oligosaccharide or a sugar alcohol, and (2) one substance belonging to a diol, a triol or a polyol is mentioned.
- a hypertonic solution containing 1) sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol or xylitol tonole, and (2) PEG200, PEG300, PEG400, PEG600, PEG1000, PEG1500, PEG1540, PEG2000 or glycerin is exemplified.
- the hypertonic solution of the present invention containing two or more substances belonging to oligosaccharides or polyhydric alcohols has a total molar concentration of oligosaccharide and Z or polyhydric alcohol of 0.29 M in the hypertonic solution.
- Each of the components may be in any molar concentration as long as it is prepared to be in the range of ⁇ 3M.
- the total molar concentration is in the range of 0.35M to 2.5M, more preferably, in the range of 0.35M to 2.1M. More preferably, the range is 0.5M to 2.1M.
- the appropriate molarity varies depending on the cell, but for example, by examining the desired cell at three concentrations of 1M, 1.5M and 2M, etc. However, it is possible to easily determine an appropriate monole concentration for the cell.
- the molar concentration of each component may be any value as long as the total molar concentration is within the above range as described above.
- the molar concentration may be in the range of 0.5 M to 2 M, and (2) the molar concentration of one substance belonging to diol, trio-monole or polyol may be 0.1 M. it can.
- the hypertonic solution used in the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention contains only one substance belonging to oligosaccharides or polyhydric alcohols, it is preferable to select from oligosaccharides or sugar alcohols.
- Oligosaccharides used herein specifically include disaccharides, trisaccharides, tetrasaccharides, pentasaccharides, or decasaccharides, and preferably disaccharides.
- disaccharide examples include sucrose, maltose, lactose, trehalose, levanbiose, chitobiose, vicianose, sanbubioose, melibiose, episelovobiose, lleranose, noretinose, and robinobiose, and preferably sucrose and maltose.
- sugar alcohol monosaccharide alcohols or oligosaccharide alcohols are mentioned.
- Monosaccharide alcohols include mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol or erythritol.
- oligosaccharide alcohol examples include disaccharide alcohols.
- Disaccharide alcohols include maltitol, ratatitol or reduced palatinose.
- hypertonic solution of the present invention containing only one substance belonging to oligosaccharide or sugar alcohol as described above, a hypertonic solution containing sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol or maltitol is preferable.
- the hypertonic solution of the present invention containing only one substance belonging to oligosaccharides or polyhydric alcohols has a molar concentration of 0.29 M of the oligosaccharide or polyhydric alcohol present in the hypertonic solution.
- the molar concentration is in the range of 0.35 M to 2.5 M, more preferably, in the range of 0.35 M to 2.1 M. More preferably, the range is from 0.5 M to 2.1 M.
- the appropriate molar concentration differs depending on the cells.For example, by examining the desired cells at three concentrations of 1 M, 1.5 M, and 2 M, etc. Mozole concentrations suitable for cells can be readily determined.
- the hypertonic solution of the present invention contains at least one substance belonging to oligosaccharides or polyhydric alcohols, and makes it possible to take up nucleic acids into cells by contacting the hypertonic solution with the nucleic acids and cells.
- any solution can be used as the hypertonic solution of the present invention.
- the hypertonic solution of the present invention preferably contains a culture solution, a buffer solution and / or serum, and more preferably contains any of a culture solution, a buffer solution and serum.
- the culture solution used here may be any culture solution as long as it is a culture solution suitable for each cell.
- RPMI1640 Invitrogen
- DULBECCO'S MODIFIED EAGL E MEDIA Invitrogen
- F-10 Nutrient Mixture Invitrogen3 ⁇ 4 :
- F-12 Nutrient Mixture Invitrogen i
- Iscove's Modified Dulbecco's Media (Invitrogen) or MINIMUM ESSENTIAL MEDIA (Invitrogen).
- the concentration of the buffer in the hypertonic solution may be any molarity.
- the molar concentration ranges from 0 M to 1 M, more preferably, from 1 mM to 100 ⁇ , most preferably, from 1 mM to 10 mM.
- the serum examples include fetal calf serum, calf serum, calf serum, and calf serum.
- the serum concentration in the hypertonic solution may be any concentration. Preferably, the range is 0 to 20% (v / v), and more preferably, the range is 5 to 10% (v / v).
- the total molarity of the entire hypertonic solution of the present invention may be in the range of isotonicity to 3M.
- the cells used in the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention are not limited in the type of cell adapted to the principle of the method. That is, as shown in the Examples, the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention enables nucleic acid introduction into various cell types, which have been extremely difficult to introduce nucleic acids up to now. Therefore, the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention can be applied without limiting the cell type.
- nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention can be applied.
- the method of the present invention is not limited in principle to the species from which cells are derived, and is applicable not only to animal cells but also to plant cells, protoplast-containing plant cells, insect cells, nematode cells, and the like.
- the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention is characterized in that (a) after contacting a nucleic acid, a hypertonic solution and a cell, and (b) reducing the osmotic pressure of the hypertonic solution.
- the cell in order to reduce the osmotic pressure of the hypertonic solution in the above (b), specifically, the cell may be brought into contact with an isotonic solution or a solution having a lower osmotic pressure (hypotonic solution), More preferably, the osmotic pressure is reduced by contacting the cell with a hypotonic solution.
- the composition include a hypotonic solution in which a medium: water (preferably DEPC-treated water) is mixed at a ratio of 6: 4, or water (distilled water, DEPC-treated water, etc.).
- cells to be introduced are cultured.
- the culture may be performed under a normal condition (37 ° C., 5% CO 2 ) using a culture solution suitable for each cell.
- the cell number (density) may be any number as long as each cell can grow well.
- the hypertonic solution and the hypotonic solution may be appropriately prepared so as to have the above-mentioned composition of the hypertonic solution and the hypotonic solution of the present invention.
- a nucleic acid into a cell is performed as follows. First, the culture supernatant is removed from the cells, and the nucleic acid and the hypertonic solution are brought into contact. Any method may be used as long as the nucleic acid and the cell finally come into contact in the hypertonic solution. Specifically, a method of preparing a hypertonic solution containing a nucleic acid in advance and adding the same to the cells, a method of first adding a nucleic acid (a solution containing a nucleic acid) to the cells, and then adding the hypertonic solution, etc. are exemplified.
- the heat retention time is preferably about 2 to 20 minutes, more preferably about 10 to 15 minutes.
- the hypertonic solution containing the nucleic acid is removed, and the hypotonic solution is added.
- it may be made hypotonic by adding water without removing the hypertonic solution.
- the solution may be kept warm for an appropriate period of time. You may keep it warm for an appropriate amount of time with added calories.
- the heat retention time is preferably about 2 to 10 minutes.
- the heating temperature after the addition of the hypertonic solution and the hypotonic solution is not particularly limited as long as the temperature maintains the liquid state, but is preferably in the range of 0 ° C to 42 ° C, and more preferably in the range of room temperature to The range is 37 ° C.
- the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention can introduce oligonucleotides with an unprecedentedly high efficiency (50% or more, preferably 60% or more, more preferably 70% or more, and still more preferably 80% or more). Moreover, efficient introduction of oligonucleotides into cell types, which was extremely difficult with conventional techniques, is possible. In addition, since this method does not use adjuvants (ribosome, polyethyleneimine, etc.) which have been used conventionally, cytotoxicity and immunoadjuvant activity which were problems of the conventional method are not observed. Therefore, oligonucleotides can be efficiently introduced not only into adherent cell lines but also into primary cultured cells / lymphocytes which are highly sensitive to cytotoxicity.
- adjuvants ribosome, polyethyleneimine, etc.
- the present invention provides a nucleic acid introduction reagent used for the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention.
- the nucleic acid introduction reagent of the present invention is characterized by containing at least one substance belonging to oligosaccharide or polyhydric alcohol as a component.
- Oligosaccharides and polyhydric alcohols can be prepared by a conventionally known ordinary technique.
- the oligosaccharide is specifically a disaccharide.
- the disaccharides include sucrose, maltose, lactose, trehalose, levanbiose, chitobiose, vicianose, sanbubioose, melibiose, episelovobiose, llananose, tinose and robinobiose, and preferably sucrose, maltose and lactose.
- the polyhydric alcohol mentioned above includes diol, triol, polyol and sugar alcohol. More preferred are triols, polyols and sugar alcohols.
- the diol includes a glycol derivative.
- glycol derivative ethylene dalicol is exemplified.
- triol a glycerin derivative can be used.
- the glycerin derivative includes glycerin.
- polyol examples include a polyglycol derivative.
- polyglycol derivative examples include polyethylene dalicol.
- the polyethylene glycol may have any molecular weight as long as it has a molecular weight of 2000 or less. Specifically, PEG200, PEG G300, PEG400, PEG600, PEG1000, PEG1500, PEG1540 and PEG2000 are exemplified.
- sugar alcohol examples include monosaccharide alcohols and oligosaccharide alcohols.
- Monosaccharide alcohols include mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol or erythritol.
- oligosaccharide alcohol examples include disaccharide alcohols.
- Disaccharide alcohols include maltitol, ratatitol or reduced palatinose.
- the reagent for nucleic acid introduction may contain at least one substance belonging to the above-mentioned various oligosaccharides or polyhydric alcohols.
- the substances listed above for example, sucrose, maltose, lactose, trehalose, levanbiose, chitobiose, vicianose, sanbubioose, melibiose, episelobiose, llanonose, noretinose, robinobiose, ethylene glycolinole, polyethylene glycolone (Eg, PEG with a molecular weight of 2000 or less—for example, PEG 200, PEG300, PEG400, PEG600 N PEG1000, PEG1500, PEG1540, PEG2000, etc.), Maneto monole, Sonorebitonore, Xylitolonele, Erythritol, Maltitol, It suffices to contain at least one arbitrarily
- the nucleic acid and the cells may contain one, two, three or four or more substances arbitrarily selected from the above-listed substances.
- the nucleic acid and the cells are brought into contact with the hypertonic solution prepared using the nucleic acid introduction reagent of the present invention, the nucleic acid and the oligosaccharides present in the hypertonic solution can be incorporated into the cells.
- HI If the total molar concentration of the polyvalent alcohol is in the range of 0.29M to 3M, the core of the present invention The concentration of each component in the acid introduction reagent may be any.
- the total molar concentration of the oligosaccharide and / or polyhydric alcohol in the hypertonic solution may be any molar concentration as long as it is within the above range, but is preferably in the range of 0.35 M to 2.5 M.
- the range is more preferably from 0.35 M to 2.1 M, still more preferably from 0.5 M to 2.1 M.
- the appropriate molar concentration differs depending on the cells.For example, by examining the desired cells at three concentrations of 1 M, 1.5 M, and 2 M, etc.
- the monole concentration suitable for the cells can be easily determined.
- the nucleic acid introduction reagent of the present invention only needs to contain at least one (one) substance belonging to oligosaccharides or polyhydric alcohols as described above.
- the substance may contain only one kind, or may contain two or more kinds. When two or more kinds are contained, it is preferable to contain (1) at least one kind of substance belonging to oligosaccharide or sugar alcohol and (2) at least one kind of substance belonging to diol, triol or polyol.
- Oligosaccharides include disaccharides.
- disaccharide examples include sucrose, maltose, lactose, trehalose, levanbiose, chitobiose, bicyanose, sanbubiose, melibiose, episelovobiose, llanose, noretinose, and robinobiose, and preferably sucrose, maltose, and lactose.
- sugar alcohol monosaccharide alcohols or oligosaccharide alcohols are mentioned.
- Monosaccharide alcohols include mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol or erythritol.
- oligosaccharide alcohol examples include disaccharide alcohols.
- Disaccharide alcohols include maltitol, lactitol or reduced palatinose.
- Examples of the diol include a glycol derivative.
- Examples of the glycol derivative include ethylene glycol.
- a glycerin derivative can be used as the triol.
- the glycerin derivative includes glycerin.
- examples of the polyol include a polydalicol derivative.
- Polyglycol derivatives include polyethylene glycol (PEG).
- the polyethylene dalicol may have any molecular weight as long as it is polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 2000 or less. Specifically, PEG 200, PEG G300, PEG 400, PEG 600, PEG 1000, PEG 1500, PEG 1540 and PEG 2000 are exemplified.
- nucleic acid introduction reagents of the present invention containing (1) at least one substance belonging to oligosaccharides or sugar alcohols and (2) at least one substance belonging to diols, triols or polyols as described above (1) at least one selected from sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol and xylitol, and (2) PEG 200, PEG 300, PEG 400, PEG 600, PEG 1000, PEG 1500, PEG 1540, PEG 2000 And at least one selected from glycerin as a component.
- nucleic acid introduction reagent containing (1) one substance belonging to an oligosaccharide or a sugar alcohol and (2) one substance belonging to a diol, a triol, or a polyol is mentioned.
- the nucleic acid introduction reagent of the present invention containing two or more substances belonging to oligosaccharides or polyhydric alcohols is a hypertonic solution (that is, a nucleic acid to be used for nucleic acid introduction) prepared using the nucleic acid introduction reagent of the present invention.
- a hypertonic solution that is, a nucleic acid to be used for nucleic acid introduction
- the total molar amount of the oligosaccharide and Z or polyhydric alcohol present in the hypertonic solution is used.
- the concentration of each component in the nucleic acid introduction reagent of the present invention may be any molar concentration.
- the total molar concentration of the oligosaccharide and / or polyhydric alcohol in the hypertonic solution is in the range of 0.35 M to 2.5 M, more preferably 0.35 M to 2.1 M, and still more preferably 0.5 M to 2. 1M range.
- the nucleic acid introduction reagent of the present invention contains two substances belonging to oligosaccharides or polyhydric alcohols, if the total molar concentration of these two components in the hypertonic solution is within the above range, as described above.
- the molar concentration of each component may be any value.
- the molar concentration of one substance belonging to (1) oligosaccharide or sugar alcohol in the hypertonic solution is in the range of 0.5 M to 2 M.
- the molar concentration of one substance belonging to diol, triol or polyol is 0.1 M.
- the nucleic acid introduction reagent of the present invention contains only one kind of substance belonging to oligosaccharide or polyhydric alcohol, it is preferable to contain one kind of substance belonging to oligosaccharide or sugar alcohol.
- Oligosaccharides used herein specifically include disaccharides, trisaccharides, tetrasaccharides, pentasaccharides, or decasaccharides, and preferably disaccharides.
- disaccharide examples include sucrose, maltose, lactose, trehalose, levanbiose, chitobiose, vicianose, sampbiose, melibiose, episelobiose, llananose, noretinose, and robinobiose, and preferably sucrose and maltose.
- sugar alcohol monosaccharide alcohols or oligosaccharide alcohols are mentioned.
- Monosaccharide alcohols include mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol or erythritol.
- oligosaccharide alcohol examples include disaccharide alcohols.
- Disaccharide alcohols include maltitol, ratatitol or reduced palatinose.
- the reagent for nucleic acid introduction of the present invention containing only one kind of substance belonging to oligosaccharides or sugar alcohols may contain sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol or maltitol. preferable.
- the reagent for nucleic acid introduction of the present invention containing only one substance belonging to oligosaccharides or polyhydric alcohols is a hypertonic solution prepared using the reagent for nucleic acid introduction of the present invention (that is, used when introducing nucleic acid).
- the hypertonic solution of the present invention If the molar concentration of oligosaccharides or polyhydric alcohols present in the hypertonic solution is in the range of 0.29 M to 3 M in order to allow the nucleic acid to be
- the concentration of the substance (component) in the reagent for nucleic acid introduction of the present invention may be any molar concentration.
- the molar concentration of the oligosaccharide or polyhydric alcohol in the hypertonic solution is in the range of 0.35 M to 2.5 M, more preferably 0.35 M to 2.1 M: Preferably, the range is 0.5 M to 2.1 M.
- the appropriate molar concentration differs depending on the cells.For example, by examining the desired cells at three concentrations of 1 M, 1.5 M, and 2 M, etc. The appropriate molarity for the cells can be easily determined.
- Each component in the nucleic acid introduction reagent of the present invention may be in a solid form or a liquid form.
- the solid form refers to a wax-like (wax or the like) form, a petrolatum-like form, a flake-like form, a crystallized form, a powdery form, and the like.
- the shape of a liquid refers to a high-viscosity form, a low-viscosity form, a non-viscous form, and the like.
- each component may be in the form of an independent solid or liquid, or in the form of a mixed solid or liquid. There may be.
- an independent solid means that each component is separately solidified.
- Each component may be enclosed in one container, or may be enclosed in separate containers.
- the term “independent liquid” means that each component is sealed in a separate container in a liquid state.
- the above-mentioned mixed solid refers to a form in which each component is mixed in a solid form, or a form in which each component is solidified in a mixed state and sealed in one container.
- the liquid mixed as described above means that each component is mixed in a liquid state and sealed in one container, or one component is mixed in a liquid state and the other component is a solid state. Refers to the form enclosed in one container.
- the case where it is in the shape of a letter is illustrated. In this case, both can be enclosed in one container. More specifically, (1 ) Crystallized sucrose and (2) wax (wax) -like polyethylene glycol are enclosed in one container.
- each component When each component is in the form of a solid, it may be dissolved by a method (heating, dilution, etc.) appropriate for each component. Finally, a culture solution, a buffer solution, Z or serum or the like may be added to prepare the hypertonic solution of the present invention having the above-mentioned molar concentration.
- the nucleic acid introduction reagent of the present invention as described above can be used as a component of a nucleic acid introduction kit.
- the kit may be a kit comprising only the nucleic acid introduction reagent of the present invention or a kit containing the nucleic acid introduction reagent of the present invention and other components.
- Other components in the kit include fluorescently labeled oligonucleotides, positive control siRNAs, and the like.
- the nucleic acid introduction reagent and kit of the present invention can be used as a nucleic acid introduction agent for enabling introduction of a nucleic acid.
- the present invention provides a cell into which a nucleic acid has been introduced by the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention.
- the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention has made it possible to introduce nucleic acids into cells with high efficiency.
- the present invention provides a cell into which a nucleic acid has been introduced by the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention.
- the cell of the present invention may be any cell into which nucleic acid has been introduced by the nucleic acid transfer method of the present invention.
- examples include the macrophage-like cell line RAW264.7 cell, hybridoma D011.10 cell, primary cultured hepatocyte, and primary culture.
- examples include a cell obtained by introducing a nucleic acid into a myoblast, a primary cultured myocyte, a primary cultured preadipocyte, a primary cultured adipocyte, or a primary cultured neuron by the nucleic acid transfer method of the present invention.
- cells into which nucleic acid transfer has been conventionally difficult i.e., macrophage-like cell line RAW264.7 cells, Hypri-Doma D011.10 cells, primary cultured hepatocytes, primary cultured myoblasts, primary cultured myocytes, primary cultured precursors
- examples include cells into which a nucleic acid has been introduced into adipocytes, primary cultured adipocytes, or primary cultured neurons by the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention.
- These cells can be prepared by the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention.
- the present invention relates to a cell-derived RNA or protein prepared from the cell of the present invention.
- I will provide a. Methods of preparing these cell-derived RNA and proteins are already known, 7 it xJiMo ⁇ ecular Cloning 3 rd Edition (Cold Spring Harbor Press), Curren t Protocols in Molecular Biology (John Wiley & Sons, Inc) and reference It can be done easily.
- the present invention also provides a method for analyzing the function of a gene or protein related to an introduced nucleic acid, characterized by using the cell of the present invention or the RNA or protein of the present invention.
- nucleic acid transfer method of the present invention enables any nucleic acid transfer as described above, it is particularly preferable when suppressing the expression and function of the target gene, that is, when producing knockdown cells. Can be used.
- knockdown cells For example, functional analysis using knockdown cells involves introducing antisense nucleic acids, short interfering RNAs or decoy nucleic acids, suppressing the production or function of the target gene or the protein encoded by that gene, and Investigating how they work.
- the function analysis method of the present invention is applied to cells that have conventionally been difficult to introduce nucleic acids, i.e., macrophage-like cell line RAW264.7 cells, hybridoma D011.10 cells, primary cultured hepatocytes, primary cultured myoblasts, primary cultured It can be performed using a cell transfected into a muscle cell, a primary cultured preadipocyte, a primary cultured adipocyte, or a primary cultured neuron by the nucleic acid transfection method of the present invention, or RNA or protein derived from the cell. preferable.
- nucleic acids i.e., macrophage-like cell line RAW264.7 cells, hybridoma D011.10 cells, primary cultured hepatocytes, primary cultured myoblasts, primary cultured It can be performed using a cell transfected into a muscle cell, a primary cultured preadipocyte, a primary cultured adipocyte, or a primary cultured neuron by the nucleic acid transfection method
- RAW264.7 cells (ATCC No. TIB-71) were suspended in RPMI 1640 (Invitrogen) containing 10% (v / v) ⁇ fetal serum, and the density of 100 000 cells / ⁇ in a 24 ⁇ plate (Nalge Nunc) The cells were inoculated at 37 ° C. and 5% C02 and cultured at room temperature.
- the oligonucleotide-containing hypertonic solution was composed of 10 / i M FITC-labeled oligonucleotide (20-mer; 5'-GGA ACT TCC CTA AAG GGA GG_3,; SEQ ID NO: 1), 1M sucrose, 10 M % (w / v) polyethylene glycol 1000, RPMI1640 (Invitrogen), 5 ° /. (V / v) ⁇ fetal serum, 10 mM HEPES buffer (pH 7.4).
- the hypotonic solution was prepared to be a mixed solution of RPMI1640 medium: DEPC-treated water (6: 4).
- RPMI1640 (Invitrogen) with 10% fetal serum and kanamycin sulfate (v / v
- MW264.7 cells (ATCC No. TIB-71) were suspended in RPMI 1640 (Invitrogen) containing 10% (v / v) fetal calf serum, and cells were placed on a 24-well plate (Nalge Nunc) at a density of 100,000 cells / well. , And cultured under conditions of 37 ° C and 5% C02.
- oligonucleotide / oligofectamine mixture was prepared according to the recommended manual of Invitrogen. Specifically, 9 ⁇ l of Oligofectamine was suspended in 0 /-1 (Invitrogen) at 150 / i1 and allowed to stand at room temperature for 5 minutes.
- RAW264.7 cells (ATCC No. TIB-71) were suspended in RPMI 1640 (Invitrogen) containing 10% (v / v) ⁇ fetal serum, and the density of 100 000 cells / ⁇ in 24 wells 1 and (Nalge Nunc) The cells were seeded and cultured at 37 ° C. and 5% C02.
- JetPEI (PolyPlus) was used as polyethyleneimine. Preparation of the oligonucleotide / polyethyleneimine mixture was performed according to the recommended manual of PolyPlus. Specifically, 8 ⁇ l of 7.5 mM jetPEI was added to a 192/1 150 raM NaCl aqueous solution (Nacalite The mixture was mixed with a dilute isotonic oligonucleotide diluent (20 ⁇ M FITC-labeled oligonucleotide 401 and 160 ⁇ l of a 150 mM NaCl aqueous solution), and left at room temperature for 15 minutes. Used as a min mixture.
- the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention can introduce an oligonucleotide without causing morphological change or damage to cells.
- TLR4 siRA into RAW264.7 cells by the nucleic acid transfer method of the present invention and measurement of siRNA effect by quantitative PCR
- TLR4 siRNA (sense sequence 5, -AUCCACMGUCMUCUCUCUU-3 ;; SEQ ID NO: 2, antisense sequence 5, -GAGAGAUUGACUUGUGGAUUU-3 '; double-stranded RNA of SEQ ID NO: 3) was synthesized by Proligo.
- Negative Control # 1 siRNA was purchased from Ambion. Introduction of TLR4 siRNA and Negative Control # 1 siRNA into RAW264.7 cells by the nucleic acid transfer method of the present invention A hypertonic solution containing 10 / zM TLR4 siRNA or Negative Control # 1 siRNA was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1-1), and the same procedure as in Example 1-1) was performed.
- cDNA synthesis was performed using TaqMan Reverse Transcription Reagents (Applied Biosystems) for 1 ⁇ g of total RNA type ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ according to the protocol of the kit.
- the obtained cDNA derived from 50 ng of total RNA is mixed with Type I specific Primer Set for detection and SYBR Green PCR Master Mix and RT-PCR Kit (Applied Biosystems) according to the protocol of the kit. It was measured by PCR system ABI7700.
- the expression level of GAPDH in the Negative Control # 1 siRNA-introduced group and the TLR4 siRNA-introduced group was regarded as equal, and the reduction ratio of TLR4 mRNA was calculated. The result is shown in figure 2.
- TLR4 siRNA into RAW264.7 cells by the nucleic acid transfer method of the present invention and bioassay using knockdown cells
- TLR4 is a receptor for LPS (Calbiochem) and GLA-60 (WAK0 CHEMICAL), and it is known that stimulation of MW264.7 cells with these compounds induces the production of TF ⁇ .
- TLR4 siRNA was introduced into RAW 264.7 cells as described in Example 2 and 24 hours later. Cells are scraped off with a scraper, suspended in a growth medium, and 10,000 cells are seeded in each well of a 96-well plate at 37 ° C, 5 ° /. Culture was performed in C02.
- TNFa contained in the culture supernatant of the TLR4 siRNA-introduced cells and the control cells was quantified using a Mouse TNF-a AN'ALYZA ELISA kit (Cosmo Bio). The results are shown in Figure 3. As a result, it was found that in the TLR4 siRNA-transfected cells, the production of TF by LPS stimulation was reduced by 45% and the production of TNF ⁇ by GLA-60 stimulation was reduced by 66% as compared with the control cells.
- cells transfected with Negative Control siRNA by this method can induce TFa production in response to LPS or GLA-60 stimulation, as in normal cells. It was found that induction of TNFa production in response to these stimuli was significantly suppressed in the cells into which the siRNA had been introduced, indicating that cell function was suppressed by the introduction of the siRNA by the nucleic acid transfer method of the present invention. Showed that it was effective in analyzing gene functions such as identification of receptor-ligand pairs.
- Rat primary cultured hepatocytes were purchased from Hokudo Co., Ltd. Specifically, cells were seeded at a density of 100,000 cells / well in a 24 ⁇ plate (Nalge Nunc), and the cells were seeded. Immediately after receipt, the cells were replaced with the attached growth medium, and the conditions were changed at 37 ° C and 5% C02. Cultured overnight.
- the oligonucleotide-containing hypertonic solution had the following composition: 10 / M FITC-labeled oligonucleotide (20_mer; 5'-GGA ACT TCC CTA AAG GGA GG-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 1), 1M sucrose, 10% (w / v) Polyethylene glycol 1000, RPMI1640 (Invitrogen), 5 ° /. (V / v) ⁇ fetal serum, 10 mM HEPES buffer (pH 7.4).
- the hypotonic solution was prepared to be a mixture of RPMI 1640 medium: DEPC-treated water (6: 4). 4.Growth medium
- the medium attached to the Hokudo culture kit was used.
- the culture supernatant of hepatocytes was removed, and 400 1 of an oligonucleotide-containing hypertonic solution was added. After keeping at room temperature for 3 minutes, the oligonucleotide-containing hypertonic solution was removed, 3 ml of hypotonic solution was added, and the hypotonic solution was immediately removed. 3 ml of hypotonic solution was added again, and the mixture was kept at room temperature for 5 minutes, then the hypotonic solution was removed, and 3 ml of growth medium was added.
- Observation of the introduction efficiency is performed using a fluorescence microscope system: UV light source Axiobird 135 excitation spectroscopy (Carl Zeiss) Excitation light passes through a FITC bandpass filter, 20x objective lens, ultra-high sensitivity CCD camera (Hamamatsu Photonitas) Differential interference Performed using a microscope Axiobird 135 (Carl Zeiss). Twenty-four hours after the introduction, the fluorescence of FITC was exposed to the fluorescence microscope system for 2 seconds and photographed. The morphology of the cells was photographed by exposing for 0.03 seconds under the same system without visible light and no filter.
- Rat primary cultured myoblasts were purchased from Hokudo Co., Ltd. Specifically, the cells were seeded at a density of 100,000 cells / well in a 24-well plate (Nalge Nunc), and the cells were delivered. The cells were cultured under the conditions.
- the oligonucleotide-containing hypertonic solution has the following composition: 10 / i M FITC-labeled oligonucleotide (20-mer; 5, -GGA ACT TCC CTA AAG GGA GG-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 1), 1M sucrose, 10% ( w / v) Polyethylene glycol 1000, RPMI1640 (Invitrogen), 5 ° /. (V / v) ⁇ fetal serum, 10 mM HEPES buffer (pH 7.4).
- hypotonic solution was prepared to be a mixture of RPMI 1640 medium: DEPC-treated water (6: 4).
- the medium attached to the Hokudo culture kit was used.
- the myoblast culture supernatant was removed, and a hypertonic solution containing oligonucleotide was added at 400 / l. After incubation at room temperature for 10 minutes, the hypertonic solution containing the oligonucleotide was removed, 3 ml of the hypotonic solution was added, and the hypotonic solution was immediately removed. 3 ml of hypotonic solution was added again, and the mixture was kept at room temperature for 5 minutes, then the hypotonic solution was removed, and 3 ml of growth medium was added.
- Observation of the introduction efficiency is performed using a fluorescence microscope system: UV light source Axiobird 135 fluorescence spectroscope (Carl Zeiss) Excitation light passes through a FITC bandpass filter, 20x objective lens, ultra-high sensitivity CCD camera (Hamamatsu Photonitas) Differential interference Performed using a microscope Axiobird 135 (Carl Zeiss). Twenty-four hours after the introduction, the fluorescence of FITC was exposed for 2 seconds using the above fluorescence microscope system and photographed. The morphology of the cells was photographed by exposing for 0.03 seconds under the same system without visible light and no filter.
- Rat primary cultured myoblasts were purchased from Hokudo Co., Ltd. Specifically, cells were seeded at a density of 100,000 cells / well on a 24-well plate (Nalge Nunc), and the cells were delivered. The cells were cultured under the conditions. Thereafter, the culture supernatant was removed, the medium was replaced with the attached muscle differentiation medium, and the cells were cultured for 5 days to obtain differentiated muscle cells.
- the oligonucleotide-containing hypertonic solution has the following composition: ⁇ FITC-labeled oligonucleotide (20-mer; 5, -GGA ACT TCC CTA AAG GGA GG -3 '; SEQ ID NO: 1), 1M sucrose, 10% (w / v) polyethylene glycol 1000, RPMI1640 (Invitrogen), 5 0/0 (v / v) ⁇ Shi fetal serum, was adjusted to 10 mM HEPES buffer (pH7. 4).
- the hypotonic solution was prepared to be a mixed solution of RPMI1640 medium: DEPC-treated water (6: 4). 4.Growth medium
- the medium attached to the Hokudo culture kit was used.
- the culture supernatant of the differentiated muscle cells was removed, and 400 ⁇ l of an oligonucleotide-containing hypertonic solution was added. After incubation at room temperature for 10 minutes, the hypertonic solution containing the oligonucleotide was removed, and 3 ml of the hypotonic solution was added, and the hypotonic solution was immediately removed. 3 ml of hypotonic solution was added again, and after keeping at room temperature for 5 minutes, the hypotonic solution was removed, and 3 ml of growth medium was added.
- Observation of the introduction efficiency is performed with a fluorescence microscope system: excitation light from a fluorescence spectroscope for the UV light source Axiobird 135 (Carl Zeiss) passes through a FITC bandpass filter, a 20x objective lens, and an ultra-high sensitivity CCD camera (Hamamatsu Photonics) equipped with differential interference Performed using a microscope Axiobird 135 (Carl Zeiss). Twenty-four hours after the introduction, the fluorescence of FITC was exposed to the fluorescence microscope system for 2 seconds and photographed. The morphology of the cells was photographed by exposing for 0.03 seconds under the same system without visible light and no filter.
- oligonucleotides into rat primary cultured adipocytes by the nucleic acid transfer method of the present invention.
- Rat primary cultured precursor white adipocytes were purchased from Hokudo Co., Ltd. Specifically, cells are seeded at a density of 100,000 cells / well on a 24-well plate (Nalge Nunc), and the cells are seeded immediately after delivery. Obtained.
- the oligonucleotide-containing hypertonic solution is composed of the following fibrous components: ⁇ FITC-labeled oligonucleotide (20-mer; 5'-GGA ACT TCC CTA AAG GGA GG -3 '; SEQ ID NO: 1), 1 M sucrose, 10% (w / v) polyethylene glycol 1000, RPMI1640 (Invitrogen), 5 ° /. (V / v) ⁇ fetal serum, prepared in lOraM HEPES buffer (pH 7.4).
- the hypotonic solution was prepared to be a mixture of RPMI1640 medium and DEPC-treated water (6: 4).
- the medium attached to the Hokudo culture kit was used.
- the culture supernatant of the differentiated adipocytes was removed, and 400 ⁇ l of the oligonucleotide-containing hypertonic solution was added. After incubating at room temperature for 10 minutes, the hypertonic solution containing the oligonucleotide was removed, 3 ml of hypotonic solution was added, and the hypotonic solution was immediately removed. Again, 3 tnl of hypotonic solution was added, and the mixture was kept at room temperature for 2 minutes, then the hypotonic solution was removed, and 3 ml of a growth medium was added.
- Observation of the introduction efficiency is performed with a fluorescence microscope system: excitation light from a fluorescence spectroscope for the UV light source Axiobird 135 (Carl Zeiss) passes through a FITC bandpass filter, a 20x objective lens, and an ultra-high sensitivity CCD camera (Hamamatsu Photonics) equipped with differential interference Performed using a microscope Axiobird 135 (Carl Zeiss). Twenty-four hours after the introduction, the fluorescence of FITC was exposed to the fluorescence microscope system for 2 seconds and photographed. The morphology of the cells was photographed by exposing for 0.03 seconds under the same system without visible light and no filter.
- Fluorescent oligonucleotides were introduced into almost all cells in the field of view. No morphological change or cell death was observed in the cells in the bright field.
- Primary cultured rat neurons were purchased from Sumitomo Belite Co., Ltd. Specifically, cells were seeded at a density of 100,000 cells / tull on the attached 24-well plate (Sumitomo Bakelite), replaced with the attached medium, and cultured to obtain nerve cells. 2. Preparation of hypertonic solution containing oligonucleotide
- the oligonucleotide-containing hypertonic solution has the following composition: ⁇ FITC-labeled oligonucleotide (20-mer; 5'-GGA ACT TCC CTA AAG GGA GG _3;; SEQ ID NO: 1), 1 M sucrose, 10 ° / . (w / v) Polyethylene glycol 1000, RPMI1640 (Invitrogen), 5% (v / v) fetal serum, and 10 mM HEPES buffer (pH 7.4) were prepared.
- the hypotonic solution was prepared to be a mixture of RPMI1640 medium and DEPC-treated water (6: 4).
- the medium attached to the Hokudo culture kit was used.
- the culture supernatant of nerve cells was removed, and 400 ⁇ l of an oligonucleotide-containing hypertonic solution was added. After incubation at room temperature for 10 minutes, the hypertonic solution containing the oligonucleotide was removed, 3 ml of the hypotonic solution was added, and the hypotonic solution was immediately removed. 3 tnl of hypotonic solution was added again, and after keeping at room temperature for 2 minutes, the hypotonic solution was removed, and 3ral of growth medium was added.
- Observation of the introduction efficiency is performed with a fluorescence microscope system: excitation light from a fluorescence spectroscope for the UV light source Axiobird 135 (Carl Zeiss) passes through a FITC bandpass filter, a 20x objective lens, and an ultra-high sensitivity CCD camera (Hamamatsu Photonics) equipped with differential interference Performed using a microscope Axiobird 135 (Carl Zeiss). Twenty-four hours after the introduction, the fluorescence of FITC was exposed to the fluorescence microscope system for 2 seconds and photographed. The morphology of the cells was photographed by exposing for 0.03 seconds under the same system without visible light and no filter.
- the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention was compared with the conventional method. 9-1) Introduction of oligonucleotides into rat primary cultured preadipocytes by the nucleic acid transfer method of the present invention
- Rat primary cultured precursor white adipocytes were purchased from Hokudo Co., Ltd. Specifically, the cells were delivered in a state where the cells were seeded at a density of 100,000 cells / well on a 24-well plate (Nalge Nunc). Immediately after the delivery, the cells were replaced with the attached growth medium and cultured.
- the oligonucleotide-containing hypertonic solution has the following composition: ⁇ FITC-labeled oligonucleotide (20_mer; 5'-GGA ACT TCC CTA AAG GGA GG-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 1), 1 M sucrose, 10% O / v) Polyethylene glycol 1000, RPMI1640 (Invitrogen), 5% (v / v) fetal serum, 10 mM HEPES buffer (pH 7.4).
- the hypotonic solution was prepared to be a mixture of RPMI1640 medium: DEPC-treated water (6: 4).
- the medium attached to the Hokudo culture kit was used.
- the culture supernatant of the precursor white adipocytes was removed, and 400 ⁇ l of an oligonucleotide-containing hypertonic solution was added. After incubating at room temperature for 10 minutes, the hypertonic solution containing the oligonucleotide was removed, and 3 tnl of the hypotonic solution was added, and the hypotonic solution was immediately removed. 3 ml of hypotonic solution was added again, and the mixture was incubated at room temperature for 2 minutes, then the hypotonic solution was removed, and 3 ml of growth medium was added.
- Rat primary cultured precursor white adipocytes were purchased from Hokudo Co., Ltd. Specifically, the cells were delivered in a state where cells were seeded at a density of 100,000 cells / well on a 24-well plate (Nalge Nunc). Immediately after the delivery, the cells were replaced with the attached growth medium and cultured.
- oligonucleotide / Oligofectaraine mixture was prepared according to the recommended manual of Invitrogen. Specifically, 9 ⁇ l of Oligofectatnine was suspended in 150 ⁇ l of 0 ⁇ - ⁇ (Invitrogen), allowed to stand at room temperature for 5 minutes, and then diluted with an equal amount of oligonucleotide diluent (20 ⁇ M FITC-labeled oligonucleotide 9 1). And 150 ⁇ l of a mixture of 0 ⁇ - ⁇ ) and left at room temperature for 20 minutes to use as an oligonucleotide / Qligofectamine mixture.
- the cells prepared in the above 24-well plate were washed with 0PTI-MEMI, the culture supernatant was removed, and 318 ⁇ l of an oligonucleotide / Oligofectamine 2000 mixed solution was gently added, and the mixture was incubated at 37 ° C and 5% C02 for 6 hours. After standing, the supernatant was removed and 3 ml of growth medium was added. C, culture was performed for 24 hours after introduction under 5% C02.
- Rat primary cultured precursor white adipocytes were purchased from Hokudo Co., Ltd. Specifically, the cells were delivered in a state in which cells were seeded at a density of 100,000 cells / well on a 24-well plate (Nalge Nunc). Immediately after the arrival, the cells were replaced with the attached growth medium and cultured.
- the oligonucleotide / Lipofectatnine2000 mixture was prepared according to the recommended manual of Invitrogen. Specifically, 3 ⁇ l of Lipofectamine2000 was suspended in 150/1 0 ⁇ -MEMI (Invitrogen), allowed to stand at room temperature for 5 minutes, and then diluted with an equal volume of oligonucleotide diluent ( 20 ⁇ M FITC-labeled oligo). A mixture of nucleotides 3 ⁇ l and 150 ⁇ l of OPT I-MEMI) and left at room temperature for 20 minutes was used as an oligonucleotide / Lipofectamine2000 mixture.
- the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention can introduce oligonucleotides into rat primary cultured preadipocytes without causing morphological change or damage to cells.
- MW264.7 cells (ATCC No. TIB-71) were suspended in RPMI 1640 (Invitrogen) containing 10% (v / v) ⁇ fetal serum, and cells were placed in a 24-well plate (Nalge Nunc) at a density of 100,000 cells / ⁇ el. Was inoculated and subcultured at 37 ° C. and 5% C02 for 1 B.
- the oligonucleotide-containing hypertonic solution has the following composition: 10 / x M FITC-labeled oligonucleotide (20-mer; 5'-GGA ACT TCC CTA AAG GGA GG_3;; SEQ ID NO: 1), 0.5M, 0.75 M or 1M sucrose, 10% (w / v) polyethylene glycol 1000, RPMI1640 (Invitrogen ), 5% (v / v) fetal serum, 10 mM HEPES buffer (pH 7.4).
- the hypotonic solution was prepared to be a mixture of RPMI1640 medium: DEPC-treated water (6: 4).
- RPMI1640 (Invitrogen) with 10% fetal serum and kanamycin sulfate (v / v
- Observation of the introduction efficiency is performed using a fluorescence microscope system: excitation light from a fluorescence spectroscope for the Axiobird 135 UV light source (Carl Zeiss) passes through a FITC bandpass filter, a 20x objective lens, and an ultra-high sensitivity CCD camera (Hamamatsu Photonics) equipped with differential interference Performed using a microscope Axiobird 135 (Carl Zeiss). Twenty-four hours after the introduction, the fluorescence of FITC was exposed to the fluorescence microscope system for 2 seconds and photographed. The morphology of the cells was photographed using the same system for 0.03 seconds under a visible light source and without a filter.
- the concentration of sucrose in the hypertonic solution was more preferably 0.5M to 1M.
- RAW264.7 cells (ATCC No. TIB-71) were suspended in RPMI1640 (Invitrogen) containing 10% (v / v) fetal serum and placed in a 24-well plate (Nalge Nunc) at a density of 100,000 cells / ⁇ l. The cells were inoculated and subcultured at 37 ° C. and 5% C02 for 1 B.
- the oligonucleotide-containing hypertonic solution has the following composition: FITC-labeled oligonucleotide (20-tner; 5'-GGA ACT TCC CTA AAG GGA GG-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 1), 1 M of various sugars (sucrose) Mannitol, sorbitol or xylitol), 10% (w / v) polyethylene glycol 1000, RPMI1640 (Invitrogen), 5 ° /. (V / v) ⁇ fetal serum, 10 mM HEPES buffer (pH 7.4).
- FITC-labeled oligonucleotide (20-tner; 5'-GGA ACT TCC CTA AAG GGA GG-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 1), 1 M of various sugars (sucrose) Mannitol, sorbitol or xylitol), 10% (w / v) polyethylene glycol 1000, RPMI
- the hypotonic solution was prepared to be a mixed solution of RPMI1640 medium: DEPC-treated water (6: 4).
- RPMI1640 (Invitrogen) with fetal serum and kanamycin sulfate at 10 ° / each. (v / v) and 60 mg / L.
- Observation of the introduction efficiency is performed using a fluorescence microscope system: UV light source Axiobird 135 excitation spectroscopy (Carl Zeiss) Excitation light passes through a FITC bandpass filter, 20x objective lens, ultra-high sensitivity CCD camera (Hamamatsu Photonitas) Differential interference Performed using a microscope Axiobird 135 (Carl Zeiss). 24 hours after introduction, the fluorescence of FITC The system was exposed for 2 seconds and photographed. The morphology of the cells was photographed by exposing for 0.03 seconds under the same system without visible light and no filter.
- RAW264.7 cells ATCC No. TIB-71
- RPMI 1640 Invitrogen
- ⁇ / ⁇ fetal serum
- inoculate the cells at a density of 100000 cells / well in a 24 ⁇ L plate (Nalge Nunc) at 37 ° C and 5% C02. ⁇ ⁇
- the hypotonic solution was prepared to be a mixture of RPMI 1640 medium: DEPC-treated water (6: 4). 4.Growth medium
- RPMI 1640 (Invitrogen) was prepared by adding 10% (v / v) and 60 mg / L of fetal calf serum and kanamycin sulfate, respectively.
- Observation of the introduction efficiency is performed using a fluorescence microscope system: UV light source Axiobird 135 excitation spectroscopy (Carl Zeiss) Excitation light passes through a FITC bandpass filter, 20x objective lens, ultra-high sensitivity CCD camera (Hamamatsu Photonics) differential interference Performed using a microscope Axiobird 135 (Carl Zeiss). Twenty-four hours after the introduction, the fluorescence of FITC was exposed to the fluorescence microscope system for 2 seconds and photographed. The morphology of the cells was photographed by exposing for 0.03 seconds under the same system without visible light and no filter.
- RAW264.7 cells ATCC No. TIB-71 at 10 ° /. (V / v) Suspend in RPMI1640 (Invitrogen) containing fetal serum and inoculate cells at a density of 100,000 cells / well in a 24-well plate (Nalge Nunc) at 37 ° C and 5% C02. ⁇ Cultivated.
- the hypotonic solution was prepared to be a mixture of RPMI1640 medium and DEPC-treated water (6: 4).
- Observation of the introduction efficiency is performed using a fluorescence microscope system: UV light source Axiobird 135 excitation spectroscopy (Carl Zeiss) Excitation light passes through a FITC bandpass filter, 20x objective lens, ultra-high sensitivity CCD camera (Hamamatsu Photonitas) Differential interference Performed using a microscope Axiobird 135 (Carl Zeiss). Twenty-four hours after the introduction, the fluorescence of FITC was exposed for 2 seconds using the above fluorescence microscope system and photographed. The morphology of the cells was photographed by exposing for 0.03 seconds under the same system without visible light and no filter.
- R 264.7 cells (ATCC No. TIB-71) were suspended in RPMI1640 (Invitrogen) containing 10% ( ⁇ / ⁇ ) ⁇ fetal serum and placed in a 24 000 plate (Nalge Nunc) at a density of 100,000 cells / gel. Seed cells at 37 ° C, 5 ° /. The cells were cultured under the conditions of C02.
- the hypotonic solution was prepared to be a mixed solution of RPMI1640 medium: DEPC-treated water (6: 4).
- RPMI1640 (Invitrogen) with fetal serum and kanamycin sulfate at 10 ° / each. (v / v) and 60 mg / L.
- Observation of the introduction efficiency is performed with a fluorescence microscope system: excitation light from a fluorescent spectroscope for the Axiobird 135 UV light source (Carl Zeiss) passes through a FITC bandpass filter, a 20x objective lens, and an ultra-high sensitivity CCD camera (Hamamatsu Photonics) equipped with differential interference Performed using a microscope Axiobird 135 (Carl Zeiss). Twenty-four hours after the introduction, the fluorescence of FITC was exposed to the fluorescence microscope system for 2 seconds and photographed. The morphology of the cells was photographed using the same system for 0.03 seconds under a visible light source and without a filter.
- oligonucleotides can be introduced not only using a mixture of PEG. And sucrose, but also using various simple sugars (sucrose, sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol). I understood. From these results, it was found that not only a mixture of PEG and sucrose but also each component alone could be used as a solute of the hypertonic solution.
- the hypertonic solution has the following composition: 1. 4 M sucrose, 100 mM (10%) PEG1000, RPMI 1640 (Invitrogen), 5% (v / v) fetal serum, lOmM HEPES buffer (pH 7.4) was prepared as follows. 3. Preparation of FITC-labeled oligonucleotide solution
- Otsuka distilled water (Otsuka Pharmaceutical) was used as the hypotonic solution.
- RPMI 1640 (Invitrogen) with 10% fetal serum and 10% kanamycin sulfate (v / v
- the oligonucleotides can be efficiently introduced into the mouse macrophage-like cell line MW 264.7 cells by using the method of the present invention.
- cytotoxicity during the transfection treatment was examined using the amount of fluorescence of 7-actinomycin D (7AAD), a reagent for staining dead cells, as an index.
- FIG. 4 shows the results of control cells treated in the same manner using a growth medium instead of hypertonic solution and hypotonic solution, and cells transfected by the transfection method of the present invention.
- the transfection method of the present invention can efficiently transfect nucleic acids and has no cytotoxicity.
- mice macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 cells Using the mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 cells, the effect of the type of oligosaccharide or polyhydric alcohol contained in the hypertonic solution on the introduction of siRNA into cells was examined.
- RAW264.7 cells (ATCC No. TIB-71) is 10% (v / v) RPM RPMI 1640 (Invitrogen) containing fetal calf serum, T-75 flask ( ⁇ ) at 37 ° C, 5% C02 And cultured.
- the hypertonic solution has the following composition: 1. 4M oligosaccharide or polyhydric alcohol, RPMI1640 (Invitrogen), 5 ° /. (v / v) ⁇ fetal serum was prepared to be lOraM HEPES buffer (pH 7.4). Sucrose (disaccharide, sigma) as oligosaccharide, sorbitol as polyhydric alcohol
- siRNA was purchased from Proligo Japan as a lyophilized product after double-stranded annealing. This was dissolved in DEPC-treated water (Nacalai Tesque) to a concentration of ImM.
- the siRNA used was the following sequence: ImM Negative Control siRNA (sense strand 21_mer; 5, -CAAGCUGACCCUGAAGUUCAU-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 4, antisense strand 21-mer; 5, -GAACUU
- Otsuka distilled water (Otsuka Pharmaceutical) was used as the hypotonic solution.
- RPMI1640 (Invitrogen) was prepared by adding 10% (v / v) and 60 mg / L of fetal calf serum and kanamycin sulfate, respectively.
- the cells were centrifuged at 2,000 rpm for 5 minutes using a high-speed centrifuge (Tomy Seie), the culture supernatant was removed, the cells were resuspended in 2 ml of growth medium, and plated on a 6-well plate (IWAKI).
- DH mRNA was 80.2% in the hypertonic solution group containing sucrose, 68.5% in the hypertonic solution group containing sorbitol, 75.6% in the hypertonic solution group containing mannitol, and 74.7% in the hypertonic solution group containing xylitol. It was found that 69.8% disappeared in the hypertonic solution group containing retitol and 38.2% in the hypertonic solution group containing glycerin.
- siRNA can be efficiently introduced as well as the FITC-labeled oligonucleotide, and that the introduced siRNA exhibits knockdown activity. Do you get it.
- siRNAs could be efficiently introduced, which is important. It was confirmed that the transfection effect depends on the contact between the cells and the hypertonic solution.
- mice macrophage cell line R264.7 cells Using the mouse macrophage cell line R264.7 cells, the effect of the combination of oligosaccharide and polyhydric alcohol contained in the hypertonic solution on the introduction of siRNA into the cells was examined.
- RAW264.7 cells (ATCC No. TIB-71) are 10% (v / v) RPM RPMI 1640 (Invitrogen) containing fetal calf serum in a T-75 flask ( ⁇ ⁇ ) at 37 ° C, 5% C02. Cultured under the conditions.
- the hypertonic solution has the following composition: 1. Prepare 4M oligosaccharide, lOOmM polyhydric alcohol, RPMI1640 (Invitrogen), 5% (v / v) fetal serum, lOraM HEPES buffer (pH 7.4) did . Sucrose or sorbitol was used as the oligosaccharide, and polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), PEG300, PEG400, PEG6Q0, PEG1000, PEG1500, PEG1540, and PEG2000 were used as the polyhydric alcohol. Sucrose and sorbitol were purchased from Sigma, and PEGs were purchased from Nakarai Tester.
- siRNA was purchased from Proligo Japan as a freeze-dried product after double-stranded annealing. This was dissolved in DEPC-treated water (Nacalai Tester) to a concentration of ImM.
- the siRNA used was the following sequence: ImM Negative Control siRNA (sense strand 21-mer; 5, -CAAGCUGACCCUGAAGUUCAU-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 4, antisense strand 21-mer; 5, -GAACUU CAGGGUCAGCUUGUU_3, SEQ ID NO: 5, Proligo Japan), ImM GAPDH siRNA (sense strand 21-mer; 5'-CCACGAGAAAUAUGACAACUC-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 6, antisense strand 21-mer; 5'-GUUGUCAUAUUUCUCGUGGUU-3'; : 7).
- Otsuka distilled water (Otsuka Pharmaceutical) was used as the hypotonic solution. ⁇
- RPMI1640 (Invitrogen) was prepared by adding 10% (v / v) and 60 mg / L of fetal calf serum and kanamycin sulfate, respectively.
- GAPDH mRNA was 69.2 ° C in the hypertonic solution group containing sucrose and PEG200, 77.9% in the hypertonic solution group containing sucrose and PEG300, and hypertonic containing sucrose and PEG400. 69.1% in the liquid group, 72.9% in the hypertonic solution group containing sucrose and PEG600, 68.7% in the hypertonic solution group containing sucrose and PEG1000, and 73.3 ° in the hypertonic solution group containing sucrose and PEG1500 /. It was found that it had disappeared.
- sorbitol and GAPDH mRNA is a combination of various PEG compound is 65.0% in sorbitol Le and PEG200 containing hypertonic solution group, sorbitol and PEG300 containing hypertonic solution group N 6 2. 9 ° Sol 49.6 ° / in hypertonic solution containing bitol and PEG400. 41.8% in the hypertonic solution group containing sorbitol and PEG600, 70.5% in the hypertonic solution group containing sorbitol and PEG1000, 57.7% in the hypertonic solution group containing sorbitol and PEG1500, and 37 in the hypertonic solution group containing sorbitol and PEG1540. 8%, and 45.4% in the hypertonic solution group containing sorbitol and PEG2000.
- siRNA can be efficiently introduced as in the case of the FITC-labeled oligonucleotide, and the introduced siRNA has a knockdown activity was found. Furthermore, not only the combination of oligosaccharides and PEGs, but also the combination of sugar alcohols and PEGs as the solute, siRNA could be efficiently introduced, and the introduced siRNA exhibited knockdown activity. It was confirmed that various combinations of oligosaccharides and polyhydric alcohols could be used as solutes in the hypertonic solution.
- the hypertonic solution was prepared to have the following composition: 2.0 M sucrose, lOOmM PEG1000, RPMI1640 (Invitrogen), 5% (v / v) fetal serum, lOmM HEPES buffer (pH 7.4).
- Fluorescein-labeled morpholino ⁇ Antisense nucleic acid was purchased from Funakoshi as a lyophilized product. This was dissolved in DEPC-treated water (Nacalai Tester) to the concentration of ImM.
- the fluorescein-labeled morpholino 'antisense nucleic acids used are as follows Sequence of: ImM morpholino antisense (25-mer; 5, -CCTCTTACCTCAGTTACAATTT ATA-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 8).
- Otsuka distilled water (Otsuka Pharmaceutical) was used as the hypotonic solution.
- RPMI1640 (Invitrogen) was prepared by adding 10% (v / v) and 60 mg / L of fetal calf serum and kanamycin sulfate, respectively.
- FIG. 8 shows the results of control cells using the same amount of DEP-treated water instead of morpholino ⁇ ⁇ antisense nucleic acid and cells transfected with morpholino ⁇ antisense nucleic acid by the method of the present invention.
- Figure 8 shows the results when a charged nucleic acid analog FITC-labeled phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide was introduced in place of morpholino antisense nucleic acid under the same conditions.
- the hypertonic solution has the following composition: 2.0M sucrose, lOOmM PEG1000, RPMI 1640 (Invitrogen),
- the siRNA was purchased from Proligo Japan as a freeze-dried product after double-stranded aging. This was dissolved in DEPC-treated water (Nacalai Tester) to a concentration of ImM.
- the siRNA used was the following sequence: ImM Negative Control siRNA (sense strand 21-mer; 5, -CAAGCUGACCCUGMGUUCAU-3,; SEQ ID NO: 4, antisense strand 21_mer; 5, -GAACUU CAGGGUCAGCUUGUU-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 5 , Proligo Japan), ImM GAPDH siRNA (sense strand 21-mer; 5, -CCACGAGAAAUAUGACAACUC-3,; SEQ ID NO: 6, antisense strand 21-mer; 5'-GUUGUCAUAUUUCUCGUGGUU-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 7) .
- Otsuka distilled water (Otsuka Pharmaceutical) was used as the hypotonic solution.
- RPMI 1640 (Invitrogen) was prepared by adding 10% (v / v) and 60 mg / L of fetal calf serum and kanamycin sulfate, respectively.
- the cells were centrifuged at 2,000 rpm for 5 minutes with a high-speed centrifuge (Tomy Seie), the culture supernatant was removed, and the cells were resuspended in 2 tnl of a growth medium and seeded on a 6-well plate (IWAKI). In repeated transfection, cells were collected every 24 hours after transfection, and reintroduced under the same conditions.
- the GAPDH siRNA single transfection group showed 72.3% GAPDH mRNA after 24 hours and 48.4 ° / h after 48 hours compared to the Negative Control siRNA transfection group. After 72 hours, it was found that 28.4% had disappeared. On the other hand, GAPDH mRNA was 71.4% at 24 hours and 70.4 ° / 48 hours at 48 hours in the GAPDH siRNA repetitive transfection group compared to the Negative Control siRNA transfection group. After 72 hours, it was found that 68.0% had disappeared.
- siRNA can be efficiently transfected into mouse hybridoma D011.10 cells as well as FITC-labeled oligonucleotides, and that the transfected siRNA exhibits knockdown activity. Do you get it.
- the knockdown effect was observed to decrease over time, but it was found that the knockdown effect of the siRNA could be maintained for an arbitrary period by repeating the introduction.
- Rat primary cultured precursor white adipocytes were purchased from Hokudo Co., Ltd. Specifically, the cells were seeded at a density of 100,000 cells / well on a 24-well plate (Nalge Nunc), and the cells were immediately replaced with the supplied differentiation medium and cultured to obtain differentiated white adipocytes. .
- the hypertonic solution was prepared to have the following composition: 1.0 M sucrose, lOOraM PEG1000, RPMI1640 (Invitrogen), 5 ° / o (v / v) fetal serum, 10 mM HEPES buffer (pH 7.4) .
- siRNA was purchased from Proligo Japan as a freeze-dried product after double-stranded annealing. This was dissolved in DEPC-treated water (Nacalai Tester) to a concentration of ImM.
- the siRNA used was the following sequence: IraM Negative Control siRNA (sense strand 21_mer; 5'_C AAGCUGACCCUGAAGUUCAU-3,; SEQ ID NO: 4, antisense strand 21-mer; 5, -GMC CA GGGUCAGCUUGUU-3,; No .: 5, Proligo Japan), ImM GAPDH siRNA (sense strand 21-mer; 5, -CCACGAGAAAUAUGACAACUC-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 6, antisense strand 21-mer; 5'-GUUGUCAUAUUUCUCGUGGUU-3'; SEQ ID NO: 7).
- the hypotonic solution was prepared to be a mixture of RPMI1640 medium: DEPC-treated water (6: 4). 4.Growth medium
- the medium attached to the Hokudo culture kit was used.
- the culture supernatant of the differentiated adipocytes was removed, and a hypertonic solution containing siRNA was added at 200 / il. After incubation at room temperature for 10 minutes, the hypertonic solution containing siRNA was removed, and 3 ml of hypotonic solution was added. After incubation at room temperature for 10 minutes, the hypotonic solution was removed, and 3ral of growth medium was added.
- the GAPDH siRNA-introduced group had a GAPDH tnRNA of 71.7 ° / 24 hours later compared to the Negative Control siRNA-introduced group. , After 48 hours, 56.6%, and after 72 hours, 24.3%.
- the transfection method of the present invention allows efficient introduction of siRNA as well as FITC-labeled oligonucleotide into primary cultured differentiated adipocytes, and that the introduced si-fragile exhibits knockdown activity.
- mice macrophage-like cell line MW 264.7 cells Using the mouse macrophage-like cell line MW 264.7 cells, the effect of repeated introduction of TLR2 siRNA was examined at the protein level.
- MW264.7 cells were 10% (v / v) at 37 ° C, 5 ° / ° C with RPMI 1640 (Invitrogen) and T-75 flask (IWAKI) containing fetal calf serum. The cells were cultured under the conditions of C02.
- the hypertonic solution was prepared so as to have the following composition: 1. 4M sucrose, lOOraM PEG1000 S RPMI 1640 (Invitrogen), 5% (v / v) fetal serum, lOmM HEPES buffer (pH 7.4). 3. Preparation of siRNA solution
- siRNA was purchased from Proligo Japan as a lyophilized product after double-stranded annealing. This was dissolved in DEPC-treated water (Nacalai Tesque) to a concentration of ImM.
- the siRNA used was the following sequence: ImM Negative Control siRNA (sense strand 21_mer; 5'-CAAGCUGACCCUGAAGUUCAU-3,; SEQ ID NO: 4, antisense strand 21-mer; 5, -GMCUU
- Otsuka distilled water (Otsuka Pharmaceutical) was used as the hypotonic solution.
- RPMI1640 (Invitrogen) was prepared by adding 10% (v / v) and 60 mg / L of fetal calf serum and kanamycin sulfate, respectively.
- TLR2 For detection of TLR2, filter was incubated with Anti-TLR2 antibody (IMG_526, IMGENEX) 1/250 diluent (diluted with BlockAce) at 4 ° C overnight, and then TBST (Tris-buffered saline 0.1% Tween 20) The filter was washed with. Next, keep the filter at room temperature for 2 hours with a dilute solution of goat anti-rabbit IgG-AP conjugate (BIOSOURCE) 1/1000, and filter the filter with TBST (Tris-buffered saline 0.1% Tween 20). After washing, stain with a filter " ⁇ Alkaline Phosphatase Conjugate Substrate Kit (BioRad).
- Anti-TLR2 antibody IMG_526, IMGENEX 1/250 diluent (diluted with BlockAce) at 4 ° C overnight
- TBST Tris-buffered saline 0.1% Tween 20
- TLR2 protein was reduced in the TLR2 siRA-introduced group as compared with the Negative Control siRNA-introduced group.
- the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention was found to have a higher nucleic acid introduction efficiency than the conventional method.
- the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention was found to be able to introduce nucleic acids without morphological change or damage to cells. It was also found that the introduced nucleic acid functions effectively in cells.
- the nucleic acid transfection method of the present invention employs a method which has been conventionally considered to be difficult to transfection, such as cells (macrophage-like cell line RAW264.7 cells, mouse hybridoma D011.10 cells, primary culture hepatocytes, primary culture It can be efficiently introduced into myoblasts, primary cultured myocytes, primary cultured preadipocytes, primary cultured fat cells, primary cultured neurons, etc.), and it can be used without limitation on the cell types used. 4) It has been found that the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention can be used regardless of whether or not the nucleic acid has a charge.
- Examples of the components of the hypertonic solution used in the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention include oligosaccharides and polyhydric alcohols. Specifically, polyethylene glycol, glycerin, sucrose, sugar alcohols (such as mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol, etc.) ) And so on, regardless of the type.
- the molar concentration of the entire solute in the hypertonic solution used in the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention is preferably about 0.5 to 2.1M.
- nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention can be used for repeated introduction.
- the novel nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention can introduce nucleic acids with higher efficiency than ever before.
- the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention can introduce a nucleic acid without morphological change or damage to cells, so that the introduced nucleic acid can function effectively in cells.
- the introduction method of the present invention can efficiently introduce a nucleic acid into a cell, which was conventionally said to be difficult to introduce a nucleic acid. Therefore, the nucleic acid introduction method of the present invention can be used very effectively in gene function analysis (for example, gene function analysis such as identification of a receptor-one ligand pair) targeting any cell that could not be analyzed conventionally.
- the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 is a synthetic oligonucleotide t
- the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2 is a synthetic oligonucleotide t
- the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3 is a synthetic oligonucleotide t
- the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4 is a synthetic oligonucleotide c
- the base sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 5 is a synthetic oligonucleotide c
- the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6 is a synthetic oligonucleotide t
- the base sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 7 is a synthetic oligonucleotide c
- the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8 is a synthetic oligonucleotide c
- the base sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 9 is a synthetic oligonucleotide c
- the base sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 10 is a synthetic oligonucleotide.
- the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11 is a PCR primer.
- the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12 is a PCR primer.
- the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 is a PCR primer.
- the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14 is a PCR primer.
- the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15 is a PCR primer.
- the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16 is one of the PCR primers.
- the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17 is a PCR primer.
- the base sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 18 is a PCR primer.
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EP04735817A EP1637597A4 (en) | 2003-06-06 | 2004-06-02 | NUCLEIC INFUSION PROCESS |
US10/559,661 US20060166914A1 (en) | 2003-06-06 | 2004-06-02 | Method of nucleic acid infusion |
JP2005506823A JPWO2004108921A1 (ja) | 2003-06-06 | 2004-06-02 | 核酸導入法 |
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EP (1) | EP1637597A4 (ja) |
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JP2008525043A (ja) * | 2004-12-29 | 2008-07-17 | ヨハネス グーテンベルグ−ウニヴェリジテート マインツ フェアトレーテン ドゥルヒ デン プレジデンテン | 核酸配列の機能およびそれにより核酸配列にコードされる発現産物の決定方法 |
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PT2056845T (pt) | 2006-08-08 | 2017-11-17 | Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn | Estrutura e uso de oligonucleótidos com fosfato 5 |
US20110045001A1 (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2011-02-24 | Biontex Laboratories Gmbh | Transfection results of non-viral gene delivery systems by influencing of the innate immune system |
JP5689413B2 (ja) | 2008-05-21 | 2015-03-25 | ライニッシュ フリードリッヒ−ウィルヘルムズ−ユニバーシタット ボン | 平滑末端を有する5’三リン酸オリゴヌクレオチドおよびその使用 |
EP2508530A1 (en) | 2011-03-28 | 2012-10-10 | Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn | Purification of triphosphorylated oligonucleotides using capture tags |
EP2712870A1 (en) | 2012-09-27 | 2014-04-02 | Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn | Novel RIG-I ligands and methods for producing them |
CN110522918B (zh) * | 2018-05-25 | 2023-04-07 | 成都瑞博克医药科技有限公司 | 靶向元件及其制备方法和运用 |
PL242705B1 (pl) * | 2021-03-17 | 2023-04-11 | Inst Chemii Fizycznej Polskiej Akademii Nauk | Roztwór hipertoniczny do wprowadzania do komórek makromolekuł oraz sposób wprowadzania makromolekuł do komórek ssaczych w hodowli in vitro |
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- 2004-06-02 JP JP2005506823A patent/JPWO2004108921A1/ja active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (6)
Title |
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GRUBER J. ET AL: "RNA interference by osmotic lysis of pinosomes: liposome-independent transfection of siRNAs into mammalian cells", BIOTECHNIQUES, vol. 37, no. 1, July 2004 (2004-07-01), pages 96 - 102, XP002981817 * |
OKADA C.Y. ET AL: "Introduction of Macromolecules into cultured mammalian cells by osmotic lysis of pinocytic vesicles", CELL, vol. 29, no. 1, 1982, pages 33 - 41, XP002981816 * |
PARK R.D. ET AL: "Hypertonic sucrose inhibition of endocytic transport suggests multiple early endocytic compartments", JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY, vol. 135, no. 3, 1988, pages 443 - 450, XP002981818 * |
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TAKAI T. ET AL: "DNA transfection of mouse lymphoid cells by the combination of DEAE-dextran-mediated DNA uptake and osmotic shock procedure", BIOCHIM BIOPHYS ACTA, vol. 1048, no. 1, 1990, pages 105 - 109, XP002981814 * |
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Cited By (2)
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JP2008525043A (ja) * | 2004-12-29 | 2008-07-17 | ヨハネス グーテンベルグ−ウニヴェリジテート マインツ フェアトレーテン ドゥルヒ デン プレジデンテン | 核酸配列の機能およびそれにより核酸配列にコードされる発現産物の決定方法 |
JP2012179049A (ja) * | 2004-12-29 | 2012-09-20 | Biontech Ag | 核酸配列の機能およびそれにより核酸配列にコードされる発現産物の決定方法 |
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US20060166914A1 (en) | 2006-07-27 |
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EP1637597A4 (en) | 2006-07-19 |
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