WO2004096611A1 - Dispositif de protection contre les chocs - Google Patents

Dispositif de protection contre les chocs Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2004096611A1
WO2004096611A1 PCT/CN2004/000235 CN2004000235W WO2004096611A1 WO 2004096611 A1 WO2004096611 A1 WO 2004096611A1 CN 2004000235 W CN2004000235 W CN 2004000235W WO 2004096611 A1 WO2004096611 A1 WO 2004096611A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tube
collision
rack
vehicle
cutting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2004/000235
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hongjun Guan
Original Assignee
Hongjun Guan
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CNA03118331XA external-priority patent/CN1541868A/zh
Priority claimed from CNB031183328A external-priority patent/CN1319783C/zh
Application filed by Hongjun Guan filed Critical Hongjun Guan
Publication of WO2004096611A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004096611A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/24—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles
    • B60R19/26—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means
    • B60R19/34—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means destroyed upon impact, e.g. one-shot type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/24—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles
    • B60R19/26—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means
    • B60R19/36—Combinations of yieldable mounting means of different types

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a crash protector, in particular to a bumper that can withstand and absorb impact.
  • Cida patent 00225135. 3 discloses a car safety automatic protector, which relates to a safety automatic protection device while the car is running. It includes a car beam, a bumper, a shock absorbing device is installed between the bumper and the car beam, and there is a flame-out brake mechanism that can immediately realize flame-out and brake when the car collides.
  • the above-mentioned patents for automotive safety automatic protectors are regarded as the best in this field, but their structure and functions have not been completely and optimized, and their energy-absorbing structure design for cutting 3-4 screws has not yet reached the optimal design and application state. .
  • the protector cannot extend a certain distance to meet the collision first, that is, it is difficult to resolve the impact impact force of the vehicle above the high speed from the protector itself, that is, the lack of sufficient and thorough to resolve the impact force.
  • Sex. The use of screws as impact cutting energy absorbing members is the same as other common standard screws, so there is confusion in storage, use and maintenance. If screws of other strength levels are used by mistake, collision protection energy absorption will be caused The loss of uncertainty can be imagined.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a cutting-type energy absorbing collision protector, so as to optimally protect the life and property safety of passengers; meanwhile, the products of the technology are easy to standardize, have low cost, and are convenient for storage, use, and maintenance.
  • the technical solution adopted to solve the technical problem of the present invention is:
  • the collision protector provided by the present invention is composed of members slidingly matched with each other, and tooth-shaped protrusions are provided along the sliding fitting surface.
  • a buffer compression spring is provided between the two components slidingly fitted to each other.
  • a sliding groove for positioning may be provided.
  • Toothed protrusions can be square teeth, rectangular teeth, diamond teeth, round teeth, rod teeth, bar teeth, spline teeth, various thread-shaped or spiral-shaped teeth, various regular or irregular shapes Tooth, friable material layer.
  • the invention provides a crash protector that can be applied to a vehicle.
  • a cutting slide (a slide of a rack pipe) or a cutting ring is installed on the end of the longitudinal beam of the frame, and the teeth used for cutting energy absorption on the rack pipe are distributed on the circumferential surface of the rack pipe (or other closed-loop surfaces, openings, etc.).
  • Toroidal surface and one end of the racket tube is engaged with the cutting slide or cutting ring and has a circumferential surface (or other closed-loop surface or open-loop surface) for sliding fit, and the other end of the racket tube is connected to the bumper collision plate .
  • crash protectors can be applied to vehicles. At the same time, further changes can be made to the crash protectors used on vehicles.
  • a spring seat is provided in the middle of the rack pipe member, and a buffer compression spring is provided between the spring seat and the bumper collision plate.
  • One end of the rack pipe member is connected to the bumper collision plate, and the other end of the rack pipe member is connected.
  • a cutting support cylinder is provided, a pull-position coupling pin is provided to connect the rack rod tube member with the cutting support cylinder, one end of a pull rod is connected to the middle of the pull-connection pin, and the other end of a return rope connecting rod is provided,
  • a pull pin is provided to lock the tie rod on the vehicle body hinge joint.
  • the cutting support tube is provided in the support tube slideway cavity at the end of the longitudinal beam of the frame.
  • a horizontal slider cavity is provided on the support tube slideway cavity, and the slider cavity is provided in the slide cavity.
  • a spring seat may also be provided in the middle of the cutting slide tube, a buffer compression spring for resetting is provided between the bumper collision plate and the spring seat, and a cutting slide tube is connected to the bumper collision plate to cut the slide tube.
  • the other end of the bracket is provided with a carry-in type rack bar tube that is connected with a sleeve.
  • a unidirectional block is provided to automatically limit the carry rack bar tube. The unidirectional block is set in a support cavity at the end of the longitudinal beam of the frame.
  • a tension spring group is arranged outside the circumference of the clamping block, and the tension spring group can automatically reset the unidirectional clamping block at any time.
  • a rack rod tube with sliding fit connection can also be provided at the end of the frame longitudinal beam, and a cutting rod group capable of automatic feeding, a cutting rod group seat and a compression spring group for advancement are provided at the end of the frame longitudinal beam.
  • the other outer end of the lever tube is connected to the bumper collision plate.
  • a spring seat is provided in the middle of the rack pipe, and a buffer compression spring is provided between the spring seat and the bumper collision plate.
  • the present invention is composed of basic components (that is, cutting chute or rack pipe) which are slidingly matched with each other, and tooth-shaped protrusions are provided along the sliding mating surface, such that when the basic components are relatively slid, continuous cutting
  • the number of tooth-shaped protrusions so as to absorb the collision energy, that is to finally dissolve the rigid impact between the objects, so that the object will not be subjected to the rigid impact to protect the object.
  • the present invention is provided with a cutting slide or a cutting ring on the end of a specific longitudinal beam of the frame, One end fits on the cutting rail of the longitudinal beam or the cutting ring and slides on the circumferential surface (or other closed-loop surface or open-loop surface), and the other end of the rack bar tube is connected with the bumper collision plate.
  • the rack pipe is driven to slide along the longitudinal beam cutting slide or cutting ring, and the end face of the longitudinal beam cutting slide or cutting ring continuously cuts the circumferential surface of the rack tube (or other closed loop) Surface, open-loop surface), so as to absorb the collision energy, that is, to finally resolve the rigid impact on the vehicle, so that the vehicle will not be subjected to the rigid impact to protect the safety of the vehicle and the passengers in the vehicle.
  • the invention provides a basic cutting-type energy absorbing collision protector, which can effectively absorb collision energy, thereby achieving an effective protection effect.
  • the application range is wide, not only can be applied to various vehicles, various parts of the vehicle, but also Apply to other collision protection such as seats, trains, helicopters, ships, etc. Therefore, the invention has the advantages of wide application range, simple structure, more thorough energy absorption, ideal effect, good application effect, and easier standardization in promotion and application.
  • the invention provides a specific vehicle collision protector which can also be connected to the vehicle's brake device and can be equipped with a flameout mechanism (the ignition wire is installed in a small hole in the rack tube, and the flameout is cut off by cutting off the ignition wire during a collision slide),
  • the vehicle can be automatically turned off and braked during a collision to further ensure the safety of the vehicle and the passengers in the vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the most basic single-stage structure of the present invention, which is an embodiment of a circumferential surface or other closed-loop surface and an open-loop surface sliding-fitted axially-compressed external-tooth external impact protector;
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a circumferential surface or other closed-loop surface and open-loop surface sliding-fitted axially-compressed internal-tooth internal impact protector
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a circumferential surface or other closed-loop surface, open-loop surface sliding cooperation with axially-compressed inner and outer toothed collision protectors
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a circumferential surface or other closed-loop surface, open-loop surface sliding and axially tensioned externally toothed collision protector
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of an internal tension type collision protector with a sliding surface on the circumferential surface or other closed-loop surfaces and open-loop surfaces that cooperates with axial tension;
  • FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of a circumferential surface or other closed-loop surface, open-loop surface sliding cooperation with an axial two-way tensile compression external toothed collision protector
  • FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of an inner-tooth collision protector with a sliding surface on the circumferential surface or other closed-loop surfaces and an open-loop surface with axial bidirectional tension and compression;
  • FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of a plane or curved surface sliding fit axially compressed protector with a sliding groove
  • FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of a biplane or curved surface sliding fit axially compressed impact protector
  • FIG. 10 shows a circumferential surface or other Closed-loop surface, open-loop surface sliding cooperation with buffer compression spring, axially compressed external tooth type collision protector embodiment
  • FIG. 11 shows an embodiment of a three-stage axially-compressed externally toothed impact protector with sliding fit on a circumferential surface or other closed-loop surfaces and open-loop surfaces;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view showing the most typical vehicle crash protector of the present invention, as shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 11 A basic structural diagram of an embodiment of a level 2 specific vehicle crash protector
  • FIG. 13 is a partial axial cross-sectional view at the front end of the longitudinal beam of the vehicle frame in FIG. 12; FIG.
  • FIG. 14 shows a schematic plan view of the structure of the outer collision frame of the second-stage vehicle in FIG. 12, or a specific vehicle collision protector embodiment of the most basic single-stage structure diagram of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 15 shows an axial partial cross-sectional view at the front end of the longitudinal beam of the vehicle frame in FIG. 14;
  • FIG. 16 shows a schematic plan view of a vehicle collision protector with a buffer compression spring added, which is a drawing
  • a basic single-stage vehicle bumper protector embodiment with buffer compression spring structure diagram shows a partial axial sectional view at the front end of a longitudinal beam of a vehicle frame in FIG. 16;
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic plan view showing the structure of a vehicle crash protector that can be ejected forward by the compression force of a buffer compression spring, which is another movable specific vehicle crash protector embodiment of the basic single-stage buffer spring compression structure of FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 19 shows an axial partial cross-sectional view at the front end of the side member of the frame in FIG. 18 (the state where the vehicle collision protector is not ejected);
  • FIG. 20 shows an axial partial cross-sectional view at the front end of the longitudinal beam of the frame in FIG. 18 (the state where the vehicle collision protector has been ejected forward, that is, the state protector has been extended forward);
  • Figure 21 shows the structure of the rack rod tube can be automatically fed schematic diagram, is a basic single-stage buffered compression spring structure diagram of Figure 10 is still another movable specific vehicle crash protector embodiment
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic structural view of a cutting rod group capable of automatic feeding, which is another movable specific vehicle crash protector embodiment of the basic single-stage buffer compression spring shown in FIG. 10.
  • the invention provides a basic cutting-type energy absorbing collision protector and a similar vehicle collision protector, which are composed of members slidingly matched with each other or a cutting slide, a cutting ring and a rack pipe, and teeth are arranged along the sliding fitting surface. Like protrusions.
  • the present invention has two types of compression and tension in terms of cutting force; plane and curved surface (ie, open-loop surface), circumferential surface (ie, circular tube) and other closed-loop surfaces and open-loop in terms of sliding mating surfaces.
  • the cut tooth-shaped protrusions are square, rectangular, diamond, round, rod-shaped, strip-shaped, spline-shaped, various thread-shaped or spiral-shaped, This kind of regular or irregular shape, fragile material layer, etc .; the cut tooth-shaped protrusions can be provided on the inner surface of the component or the rack tube, that is, internal teeth, or on the outer surface of the component or the rack tube, that is, external teeth, It can also be provided on the inner and outer surfaces of the component or the rack bar tube, that is, the inner and outer teeth.
  • the most basic single-stage structure diagram is an embodiment of a circumferential surface or other closed-loop surface or open-loop surface slidingly fitted with an externally pressurized externally toothed collision protector.
  • the two members 1 and 2 slidingly matched with each other are shaft holes.
  • toothed protrusions 22 of various regular or irregular shapes, fragile material layers, and the like are provided on the outer circumference of the member 2 or other closed and open loop surfaces, the member 2 is pressed, and the sliding of the member 1
  • the toothed protrusions 22 on the member 2 are continuously cut by the end wall of the canal to absorb the impact energy and protect the objects connected to the member 1 from the impact.
  • an embodiment of a circumferential surface or other closed-loop surface or open-loop surface sliding fit with an axially-compressed inner and outer toothed collision protector is provided.
  • Various rules are provided on the inner circumference or other closed-loop surface or open-loop surface of the component 1.
  • the toothed protrusions 11 are provided with various regular or irregular shapes, fragile material layers, etc. on the outer circumference of the component 2 or other closed-loop surfaces or open-loop surfaces.
  • Toothed protrusions 22, member 2 is under pressure, the slideway tube end wall of member 1 continuously cuts the toothed protrusions 22 on member 2, and the slideway tube end wall of member 2 continuously cuts the toothed member on member 1.
  • the protrusion 11 can absorb the impact energy and protect the object connected to the component 1 from the impact.
  • an embodiment of a circumferential surface or other closed-loop surface or an open-loop surface slidingly fitted with an axially tensioned external gear collision protector is provided.
  • Various rules are provided on the outer circumference of the component 2 or other closed-loop surface or open-loop surface. Or irregularly shaped, fragile material layers, etc., the toothed protrusions 22, the nozzle of the component 1 has a convex ring 10 and a tooth block outlet 14 inward, the component 2 is pulled, and the convex ring 10 of the component 1 is continuously cut
  • the tooth-shaped protrusions 22 on the component 2 can absorb the impact energy and protect the objects connected to the component 1 or the component 2 from the impact.
  • an embodiment of a circumferential surface or other closed-loop surface and an open-loop surface sliding-fitted with an axial tension internal toothed collision protector is provided.
  • Various rules are provided on the inner circumference of the component 1 or other closed-loop surface and open-loop surface. Or irregularly shaped, fragile material layers, etc., the toothed protrusions 11, the bottom of the component 2 is facing outward.
  • the toothed protrusions 11 on the component 1 can absorb the impact energy and protect the objects connected to the component 1 or the component 2 from the impact.
  • an embodiment of an external-tooth collision protector that slides on the circumferential surface or other closed-loop surfaces and open-loop surfaces with axial bidirectional tension and compression;
  • the nozzle of the component 1 has a convex ring 10 and a tooth block outlet 14 inward.
  • the middle of the component 2 has a groove 20 that cooperates with the convex ring 10 of the component 1.
  • Various regular or irregular shapes, fragile material layers, etc. are distributed on the left and right circumferential surfaces of the groove 20 or other closed-loop surfaces, and the open-loop surface.
  • FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of a circumferential surface or other closed-loop surface, a ring-shaped surface sliding and axially bidirectional tensile compression internal tooth type protector; the inner circumferential surface of the component 1 or other closed-loop surface, open-loop surface has a groove in the middle 13. Toothed protrusions 11 of various regular or irregular shapes, fragile material layers, etc.
  • the convex ring 21 of the component 2 continuously cuts the toothed protrusions 11 on the left or right side of the component 1 so as to absorb the impact energy and protect the objects connected to the component 1 from being collided.
  • FIG. 8 an embodiment of a collision protector with a flat or curved surface sliding fit and an axial compression with a sliding groove is shown; two members 1 and 2 slidingly mating with each other are a flat or curved mating structure, and various rules are distributed on the component 1 Or irregular protrusions, fragile material layers, etc., and are provided with sliding grooves 12, and the component 2 is connected by screws through the sliding groove 12 on the component 1; the component 2 is pressed along the sliding groove 12 slides and continuously cuts the toothed protrusions 11 to achieve the purpose of collision protection. Toothed protrusions 11 may be provided on both sides of the component 1; if necessary, the sliding grooves may not be provided.
  • Example 1 An axially-compressed crash protector showing a sliding fit of a biplane or a hyperbola is shown.
  • Example 1 The component 1 is a trough-shaped biplane or hyperbola (can be combined into a multi-layer plane or a multi-surface) structure, and the component 2 is inserted into the groove, and the collision is absorbed by sliding continuous cutting of toothed protrusions 11 such as bolts or rivets. energy.
  • an embodiment of an axially-compressed externally toothed impact protector with a circumferential compression surface or other closed-loop surface or open-loop surface sliding fit with a buffer compression spring is provided; a buffer compression spring 3 (also (Installed in the inner cavity of the component), it plays a certain buffering effect during the collision, and also has a role of resetting to meet the needs of multiple impacts; it is the most basic embodiment of Figure 1 in the component 1, Composed by adding buffer compression spring 3 between 2.
  • FIG. 11 an embodiment of a circumferential surface or other closed-loop surface and open-loop surface sliding fit with a three-stage axially-compressed externally toothed impact protector is shown; it is a multi-stage combination form of FIG.
  • the 212 and 212 are combined to form a 3-level collision protection structure, which can continuously resolve the collision force in ascending order.
  • the 12 and 13 are embodiments of a two-stage energy-absorbing vehicle crash protector according to the present invention.
  • the cutting rail 19 at the end of the longitudinal beam of the vehicle frame and the toothed tube 2 (toothed tube 22 with various regular or irregular shapes, fragile material layers, etc. are distributed on the toothed tube 2
  • the objects 22 are distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the rack pipe 2 or other closed-loop surfaces or open-loop surfaces.) Sliding fit connection, in order to facilitate or more ideal cutting effect, it is necessary to add a cutting ring 1 between them, and use a limit pin
  • the 33 ends of the racket tube 2 are pinned; the other end of the racket tube 2 and the second-stage racket tube 211 (various or irregular shapes, fragile material layers, etc.
  • the tooth-shaped protrusions 22 are distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the rack bar tube 211 or other closed-loop surfaces or open-loop surfaces), and they are fixed and connected by using a coupling pin 26;
  • the outer end of the lever tube 2 is connected to the bumper collision plate 25, the outer end of the rack bar tube 211 is coupled to the vehicle outer collision frame 214, and a cut is provided between the bumper collision plate 25 and the second-stage rack bar tube 211.
  • Ring 210 sliding with rack tube 211 (Combined), an anti-tooth splash cylinder 213 is installed between the bumper collision plate 25 and the outer collision frame 214 of the vehicle; an ignition wire 32 may be installed in the small hole of the rack pipe 2 and the rack pipe 211.
  • an automatic brake device can be installed on the end 19 of the side member of the vehicle frame, that is, a movable brake rocker arm 15 is hinged on the top, and the upper end of the brake rocker arm 15 and the automatic brake device The brake cable 16 is connected, and the other end of the brake rocker arm 15 abuts on the end of the rack tube 2.
  • the impact force drives the vehicle's external collision frame 214 and the rack bar tube 211—moving in the direction of the frame longitudinal beam end 19, and the cutting ring 210 continuously cuts the
  • the toothed protrusions 22 achieve the purpose of first absorbing certain collision energy and protecting the vehicle body; at the same time, when the rack bar tube 211 starts to move, the point wire 32 can be cut off to automatically stop the vehicle and the anti-tooth splash tube 213 can During the continuous cutting of the teeth by the cutting ring 210, the cut teeth can be prevented from hurting people.
  • the cutting ring 210 cuts the teeth on the rack tube 211, it collides with the bumper collision plate 25 and the rack tube 2 together, and moves the rack tube 2 to the end 19 of the longitudinal beam of the frame, so that the cutting ring 1 can Then cut off the ignition wire 32 and continuously cut the toothed protrusions 22 on the rack tube 2 to achieve the purpose of absorbing large collision energy and finally protecting the vehicle body; at the same time, the end surface of the rack tube 2 drives the brake rocker of the automatic braking device The lower end of 15 moves the other end of the brake rocker arm 15 in the opposite direction, and then automatically brakes by pulling the brake rope 16, thereby further ensuring the safety of the vehicle and the occupants in the vehicle.
  • FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 are embodiments of a single-stage energy-absorbing vehicle crash protector according to the present invention.
  • the rack rod tube 211, the cutting ring 210, the vehicle outer collision frame 214, the anti-tooth splash cylinder 213, and the coupling pin 26 of the entire second-stage system are removed in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, and only the two-hole cover 27 is added.
  • the rest of the specific implementations are the same as those in Figures 12 and 13 of the above example, except that when the vehicle is impacted by a collision, The bumper bumper 25 and the like will be hit at the beginning.
  • FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 another embodiment of a single-stage energy-absorbing vehicle crash protector according to the present invention is shown.
  • the objects 22 are distributed on the toothed tube 2
  • the objects 22 are distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the rack pipe 2 or other closed-loop surfaces or open-loop surfaces.) Sliding-fit connection, a cutting ring 1 is installed between them, and the cutting ring 1 and the rack pipe 2 slide-fit, and The limit pin 33 limits the one end of the rack bar tube 2 and the other outer end of the rack bar tube 2 is connected to the bumper collision plate 25; a spring seat 31 is arranged in the middle of the rack bar tube 2, and the spring seat 31 is connected to the fuse A bumper compression spring 3 is installed between the bumper collision plates 25; an ignition wire 32 may be installed in the small hole of the rack pipe 2 near the cutting ring 1, and the vehicle will automatically stop the flame by cutting off the ignition wire during collision and sliding; An automatic brake device may also be installed on the end 19 of the side member of the frame, that is, a movable brake rocker arm 15 is hinged on the upper end. The upper end of the brake rocker arm 15 is connected to the brake rope 16
  • the impact force hits the bumper collision plate 25 of the vehicle and the rack pipe 2 to drive the rack pipe 2 to move toward the end 19 of the longitudinal beam of the frame, so that the cutting ring 1 is cut off and ignited first.
  • the wire 32 causes the vehicle to automatically stop, and at the same time, the buffer compression spring 3 plays a certain buffering force or resetting effect (can be used for multiple small impacts).
  • the cutting ring 1 continuously cuts the toothed protrusions 22 on the rack bar tube 2 to achieve the purpose of absorbing large collision energy and ultimately protecting the vehicle body;
  • the end surface of the rack tube 2 drives the lower end of the brake rocker arm 15 of the automatic brake device, so that the other end of the brake rocker arm 15 moves in the opposite direction, and then the brake rope 16 is pulled to perform automatic braking, thereby further ensuring the vehicle and the vehicle.
  • the safety of the crew FIG. 19, and FIG. 20, embodiments of a single-stage energy-absorbing vehicle crash protector that can be ejected forward in the present invention.
  • a buffer compression spring 3 is provided between the spring seat 31 and the bumper collision plate 25 for carrying.
  • a bumper tube 2 is connected to the bumper collision plate 25.
  • the other end of the racket tube 2 and the cutting support cylinder 17 are pulled.
  • the connecting pin 34 is connected, and the end of the tie rod 35 is connected to the middle of the connecting pin 34.
  • the other end of the tie rod 35 is connected with a reset rope 36, and the tie rod 35 is locked on the frame hinge joint by the pulling pin 37.
  • the cutting support tube 17 is installed in the support tube slideway cavity 18 of the frame side member end 19, and a support block 41, a compression spring 42 and a reset lever 43 are installed in the transverse slider cavity 40 above the support tube slideway cavity 18. .
  • the end of the cutting support cylinder 17 cuts the tooth-shaped protrusions 22 on the rack bar tube 2 to absorb the collision energy, and at the same time, the buffer compression spring 3 also plays a certain cushioning function, which plays a more important role. Protect the role of the vehicle and the occupants.
  • the support slider 41 is first returned to the slider cavity 40 by the reset lever 43, and then the entire bumper collision plate 25, the rack pipe 2 and the cutting support cylinder are reset by the reset rope 36 and the lever 35. 17—Pull the pull-back position, and finally insert the pull pin 37 back.
  • FIG. 21 another embodiment of a single-stage energy-absorbing vehicle crash protector capable of automatically feeding a rack bar tube in the present invention.
  • Bumper collision plate 25 and cutting slide tube 4 (its outer circumferential surface or other Toothed protrusions 22 can also be distributed on the closed loop surface and open loop surface, which can be used for large impact impacts.
  • the bumper collision plate 25 and the spring seat 31 are equipped with a cushioning compression spring 3 for resetting.
  • the cutting slide tube 4 is connected with the carrying rack tube 5 in a set.
  • the carrying rack tube 5 is supported by a unidirectional block 45 (usually 4 blocks are distributed on the circumference).
  • the block 45 is installed in the support cavity 44 of the end 19 of the longitudinal beam of the frame, and the one-way clamping block 45 is reset by the tension spring group 46 on the circumference.
  • the bumper collision plate 25 transmits force to the cutting slide tube 4, and the end face of the cutting slide tube 4 cuts the tooth-shaped protrusions 22 on the carry-type rack tube 5 to absorb the collision energy, and then The buffer compression spring 3 is used to reset the cutting slide tube 4 and the like.
  • the carry rack tube 5 When the cutting slide tube 4 is reset, the carry rack tube 5 is pulled (by a certain squeezing static friction force between the two), and the one-way block 45 With the pull spring group 46, the carry-on rack pipe 5 can be limited at any time and place, so as to accept the next collision impact, thereby protecting the vehicle and the occupants who have repeatedly collided.
  • FIG. 22 another embodiment of a single-stage energy-absorbing vehicle crash protector with an automatic feed cutting rod group is added in the present invention.
  • the frame longitudinal beam end 19 and the rack bar tube 2 (tooth rack tubes 2 are distributed with toothed protrusions 22 of various regular or irregular shapes, fragile material layers, etc., and the toothed protrusions 22 are distributed in
  • the outer circumferential surface of the rack bar tube 2 or other closed-loop surface (such as a square surface) is slide-fitted, and a cutting rod group 48 that can automatically feed is installed at the end 19 of the longitudinal beam of the frame (usually equipped with more than 2) ,
  • the cutting rod group seat 47 and the compression spring group 49 for carrying; the other outer end of the rack bar tube 2 is connected with the bumper collision plate 25, and there is a spring seat 31 and a spring seat in the middle of the rack tube 2
  • a buffer compression spring 3 is installed between 31 and the bumper collision plate 25.
  • the bumper impact plate 25 transmits force to the rack pipe 2, and the end of the rack pipe 2 cuts the cutting rod group 48 (generated in each collision) in the slideway of the frame side member end 19 to absorb A certain collision energy; when a large collision impacts, it is also necessary to continuously cut the toothed protrusions 22 on the rack pipe 2 by the end faces of the slide rails of the frame longitudinal beam ends 19 Receive large impact energy.
  • the compression spring 3 is reliably buffered to reset the rack bar tube 2, and the cutting rod group 48 is automatically carried by the compression spring group 49. In this way, the vehicle can receive multiple small collision impacts and one large collision impact, thereby protecting the vehicle and the occupants' safety and so on.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)

Description

碰撞保护器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种碰撞保护器， 特别是承受和吸收冲击的保险杠。
背景技术
随着经济的发展， 越来越多的车辆出现在人们的生活中， 车辆的碰撞 不仅损坏车辆， 甚至威胁到车内乘员的生命安全。 因此， 在车辆的碰撞中 如何有效的保护生命和财产的安全， 就显得很重要。 就目前汽车的碰撞上 主要有普通保护杠、 安全气囊、 安全带、 ABS 防抱死系统。 普通保护杠只' 在车辆低速（ 6公里 /小时）运行下有微弱的保护作用； 而安全气囊只能 保护人， 不能保护车， 而且价格高， 结构复杂， 一次性使用， 存在误动作 的可能等不足； 安全带对人的保护作用小， 也不能保护车； ABS 防抱死系 统不但价格高， 结构复杂， 维护困难， 而且事故保护作用有限。
中国专利 00225135. 3公开了一种汽车安全自动保护器，涉及汽车行驶 中的一种安全自动保护装置。 它包括汽车大梁、 保险杠， 保险杠和汽车大 梁之间装有减震装置， 并有在汽车相碰时能立即实现熄火与刹车的熄火刹 车机构。 上述汽车安全自动保护器专利算是该领域的佼佼者， 但其结构与 功能等还没有达到彻底化和最优化，其切割 3— 4个螺钉的吸能结构设计还 不能达到最佳的设计应用状态。 另外其不能实现主动出击， 即保护器不能 欲先伸出一定距离来迎接碰撞， 也就是从保护器本身难以化解机动车中高 速以上的碰撞冲击力， 即在化解冲击力上缺乏充分性和彻底性。 采用螺钉 作为碰撞切割吸能件， 由于与其它普通标准螺钉相同， 故存在保管、 使用 和维修上的混乱， 如果误用了其它强度等级的螺钉， 会造成碰撞保护吸能 上的不确定性， 其损失可想而知。
在其他领域中， 也常需要对某些物体进行碰撞保护， 例如火车、船舶、 桥墩等。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种切割式吸能碰撞保护器，以求最佳地保护乘 员的生命安全和财产安全； 同时本技术的产品易于标准化、 成本低， 方便 保管、 使用和维修等。
解决本发明技术问题所采用的技术方案是： 本发明提供碰撞保护器是 由相互滑动配合的构件组成， 在沿滑动配合面上设置有齿状凸起物。
相互滑动配合的构件可为两个以上。
相互滑动配合的两构件之间设置有缓冲压缩弹簧。
若为平面、 曲面滑动配合时， 可设置有用于定位的滑动槽。
齿状凸起物可为方形齿、矩形齿、菱形齿、 圆形齿、 棒状齿、条状齿、 花键状齿、 各种螺紋状齿或旋条状齿、 各种规则或不规则形状齿、 碎性材 料层。
本发明提供碰撞保护器可具体应用在车辆上。 其中在车架纵梁端上装 有切割滑道 （齿杆管的滑道） 或切割圈， 齿杆管上用作切割吸能的齿分布 在齿杆管的圆周面 （或其它闭环面、 开环面） 上， 并且齿杆管的一端与切 割滑道或切割圈套合且为圆周面 （或其它闭环面、 开环面）滑动配合， 齿 杆管的另一端则与保险杠碰撞板相联接。
前述的其他各种碰撞保护器均可应用于车辆上。 同时对应用于车辆上的碰撞保护器还可做进一步的变化。
在齿杆管构件中间设置有弹簧座， 弹簧座与保险杠碰撞板之间设置有 可作进位用的缓冲压缩弹簧， 齿杆管构件的一端与保险杠碰撞板联接， 齿 杆管构件另一端设置有切割支承筒， 设置有拉位联接销栓把齿杆管构件与 切割支承筒联接一起， 设置有拉杆一端与拉位联接销栓中部相联接， 设置 有复位拉绳联接拉杆的另一端， 设置有拉销把拉杆锁定在车体铰接头上， 切割支承筒设置在车架纵梁端的支承筒滑道腔中， 在支承筒滑道腔上面设 置有横向滑块腔， 滑块腔内设置有支撑滑块、 压缩弹簧和复位拉杆。
也可以在切割滑道管中间设置有弹簧座， 在保险杠碰撞板与弹簧座之 间设置有作复位用的缓冲压缩弹簧， 设置切割滑道管与保险杠碰撞板相联 接， 切割滑道管的另一端设置有套合相联接的进位式齿杆管， 设置有单向 卡块能自动把进位式齿杆管限位，单向卡块设置在车架纵梁端的支撑腔内， 在单向卡块圆周外设置有拉弹簧组，拉弹簧组能随时自动使单向卡块复位。
还可以在车架纵梁端设置有滑动配合联接的齿杆管， 在车架纵梁端处 设置有能自动进给的切割杆组、 切割杆组座和作进位用的压缩弹簧组， 齿 杆管的另一外端与保险杠碰撞板相联接， 在齿杆管中间设置有弹簧座， 弹 簧座与保险杠碰撞板之间设置有缓冲压缩弹簧。
由于本发明是由相互滑动配合的基本构件 （即切割滑道或齿杆管） 组 成， 并且在沿滑动配合面上设置有齿状凸起物， 这样当基本构件相对滑动 时， 通过连续切割一定数量的齿状凸起物， 从而吸收碰撞能量， 即最终化 解物体间的刚性撞击， 使物体不会受到刚性冲击， 以保护该物体。 同理， 由于本发明在具体的车架纵梁端上装有切割滑道或切割圈， 吸能齿杆管的 一端与纵梁切割滑道或切割圈套合且为圆周面 （或其它闭环面、 开环面） 滑动配合， 齿杆管的另一端则与保险杠碰撞板相联接。 这样， 当保险杠碰 撞板受到碰撞撞击时， 便驱动齿杆管沿纵梁切割滑道或切割圈相对滑动， 纵梁切割滑道端面或切割圈便连续切割齿杆管圆周面 （或其它闭环面、 开 环面） 上的齿状凸起物， 从而吸收碰撞能量， 即最终化解对车辆的刚性撞 击， 从而使车辆不会受到刚性冲击， 以保护该车辆及车内乘员的安全。
本发明提供基本的切割式吸能碰撞保护器，可以有效地吸收碰撞能量， 从而起到有效的保护效果； 应用范围广， 不仅可以应用到各种车辆上、 车 辆的各个部位上， 而且还可以应用到.其它如座椅、 火车、 直升飞机、 船舶 等碰撞保护上。 因此， 本发明具有应用范围广泛， 结构简单， 吸能更彻底、 效果理想， 应用效果佳， 并且在推广应用上更易于标准化等优点。
本发明提供具体的车辆碰撞保护器还可以与车辆的刹车装置相联接， 可装熄火机构 （将点火导线装在齿杆管上的小孔中， 在碰撞滑动时通过切 断点火导线而熄火)， 使车辆在碰撞时能自动熄火、 自动刹车， 进一步确保 该车辆及车内乘员的安全。
附图说明
图 1表示本发明最基本的单级结构示意图， 为圆周面或其它闭环面、 开环面滑动配合轴向受压外齿式碰撞保护器实施例；
图 2表示圆周面或其它闭环面、 开环面滑动配合轴向受压内齿式碰撞 保护器实施例；
图 3表示圆周面或其它闭环面、 开环面滑动配合轴向受压内、 外齿式 碰撞保护器实施例； 图 4表示圆周面或其它闭环面、 开环面滑动配合轴向受拉外齿式碰撞 保护器实施例；
图 5表示圆周面或其它闭环面、 开环面滑动配合轴向受拉内齿式碰撞 保护器实施例；
图 6表示圆周面或其它闭环面、 开环面滑动配合轴向双向受拉压外齿 式碰撞保护器实施例；
图 7表示圆周面或其它闭环面、 开环面滑动配合轴向双向受拉压内齿 式碰撞保护器实施例；
图 8表示平面或曲面滑动配合带滑动槽的轴向受压的保护器实施例； 图 9表示双平面或曲面滑动配合的轴向受压的碰撞保护器实施例； 图 10表示圆周面或其它闭环面、开环面滑动配合带缓冲压缩弹簧轴向 受压外齿式碰撞保护器实施例；
图 11表示圆周面或其它闭环面、开环面滑动配合 3级轴向受压外齿式 碰撞保护器实施例；
'图 12表示本发明最具代表性的车辆碰撞保护器平面结构示意图，为图
11基本结构图的一种 2级具体车辆碰撞保护器实施例；
图 13表示图 12中车辆车架纵梁前端处的轴向局部剖视图；
图 14表示图 12中去掉第 2级车辆外碰撞架的平面结构示意图， 或为 图 1最基本单级结构图的一种具体车辆碰撞保护器实施例；
图 15表示图 14中车辆车架纵梁前端处的轴向局部剖视图； 图 16表示增加缓冲压缩弹簧的车辆碰撞保护器平面结构示意图，为图
10基本单级带缓冲压缩弹簧结构图的一种具体车辆碰撞保护器实施例； 图 17表示图 16中车辆车架纵梁前端处的轴向局部剖视图；
图 18 表示靠缓冲压缩弹簧的压缩力能向前弹出车辆碰撞保护器的平 面结构示意图，为图 10基本单级带缓冲压缩弹簧结构图的另一种活动式具 体车辆碰撞保护器实施例；
图 19表示图 18中车架纵梁前端处的轴向局部剖视图 （未弹出车辆碰 撞保护器的状态）；
图 20表示图 18中车架纵梁前端处的轴向局部剖视图 （向前已弹出车 辆碰撞保护器的状态， 即保护器向前已伸出的状态图）；
图 21表示齿杆管能自动进给的结构示意图， 为图 10基本单级带缓冲 压缩弹簧结构图的又一活动式具体车辆碰撞保护器实施例；.
图 22表示能自动进给切割杆组的结构示意图， 为图 10基本单级带缓 冲压縮弹簧^构图的又一活动式具体车辆碰撞保护器实施例。
其中： 1构件或切割圈， 10凸环， 1.1齿状凸起物， 12滑动槽，
13凹槽， 14齿块出孔， 15刹车摇臂， 16刹车拉绳， 17切割支承筒， 18支承筒滑道腔， 19车架纵梁端或切割滑道; 2构件或齿杆管， 20凹槽， 21凸环， 22齿状凸起物，
24齿块出孔， 25保险杠碰撞板， 26联接销栓， 27孔盖， 210切割圈， 211构件或齿杆管， 212构件 齿杆管， 213防齿飞溅筒， 214车辆外碰撞架； 3缓冲压缩弹簧，
31弹簧座， 32点火导线，' 33限位销栓， 34拉位联接销栓， 35拉杆， 36复位拉绳， 37拉销， 39车轮； 4切割滑道管， 40滑块腔， 41支撑滑块， 42压缩弹簧， 43复位拉杆， 44支撑腔， 45单向卡块， 46拉弹簧组， 47切割杆组座， 48切割杆组， 49压缩弹簧组； 5进位式齿杆管。 具体实施方式
本发明提供基本的切割式吸能碰撞保护器以及同理的车辆碰撞保护 器， 是由相互滑动配合的构件或切割滑道、 切割圈、 齿杆管组成， 在沿滑 动配合面上设置有齿状凸起物。 本发明就切割受力形式来看有受压和受拉 两种； 就滑动配合面来看有平面与曲面 （即开环面）、 圆周面 （即圆管的） 和其它闭环面、开环面（如方管的矩形面）； 就被切割的齿状凸起物来看有 方形、 矩形、 菱形、 圆形、 棒状、 条状、 花键状、 各种螺纹状或旋条状、 各种规则或不规则形状、 碎性材料层等等； 被切割的齿状凸起物可以设置 在构件或齿杆管内表面即内齿，也可以设置在构件或齿杆管外表面即外齿， 还可以设置在构件或齿杆管内外表面即内外齿。 相互滑动配合的构件为两 个以上， 由两个构件组成一级碰撞保护器； 由三个构件组成二级碰撞保护 器等等。
参见图 1， 最基本的单级结构示意图， 为圆周面或其它闭环面、 开环 面滑动配合轴向受压外齿式碰撞保护器实施例； 相互滑动配合的两构件 1、 2为轴孔配合结构， 在构件 2的外圆周或其它闭环、 开环面上设置有各种 规则或不规则形状、 碎性材料层等等的齿状凸起物 22， 构件 2受压， 构件 1的滑道管端壁连续切割构件 2上的齿状凸起物 22， 达到吸收碰撞冲击能 量， 保护与构件 1联接的物体不被碰撞冲击。
参见图 2， 为圆周面或其它闭环面、 开环面滑动配合轴向受压内齿式 碰撞保护器实施例； 相互滑动配合的两构件 1、 2为轴孔配合结构， 在构件 1 的内圆周或其它闭环面、 开环面上设置有各种规则或不规则形状、 碎性 材料层等等的齿状凸起物 11， 构件 2受压， 构件 2的滑道管端壁连续切割 构件 1上的齿状凸起物 11， 达到吸收碰撞冲击能量， 保护与构件 1联接的 物体不被碰撞冲击。
参见图 3， 为圆周面或其它闭环面、 开环面滑动配合轴向受压内外齿 式碰撞保护器实施例； 在构件 1的内圆周或其它闭环面、 开环面上设置有 各种规则或不规则形状、 碎性材料层等等的齿状凸起物 11， 在构件 2的外 圆周或其它闭环面、 开环面上设置有各种规则或不规则形状、 碎性材料层 等等的齿状凸起物 22， 构件 2受压， 构件 1的滑道管端壁连续切割构件 2 上的齿状凸起物 22， 构件 2的滑道管端壁连续切割构件 1上的齿状凸起物 11， 达到吸收碰撞冲击能量， 保护与构件 1联接的物体不被碰撞冲击。
参见图 4， 为圆周面或其它闭环面、 开环面滑动配合轴向受拉外齿式 碰撞保护器实施例； 在构件 2的外圆周或其它闭环面、 开环面上设置有各 种规则或不规则形状、 碎性材料层等等的齿状凸起物 22， 构件 1的管口向 内有凸环 10和齿块出孔 14， 构件 2受拉， 构件 1的凸环 10连续切割构件 2上的齿状凸起物 22， 达到吸收碰撞冲击能量， 保护与构件 1或构件 2联 接的物体不被碰撞冲击。
参见图 5， 为圆周面或其它闭环面、 开环面滑动配合轴向受拉内齿式 碰撞保护器实施例； 在构件 1的内圆周或其它闭环面、 开环面上设置有各 种规则或不规则形状、 碎性材料层等等的齿状凸起物 11， 构件 2的底部向. 外有凸环 21和齿块出孔 24， 构件 2受拉， 构件 2上的凸环 21连续切割构 件 1上的齿状凸起物 11， 达到吸收碰撞冲击能量， 保护与构件 1或构件 2 联接的物体不被碰撞冲击。
参见图 6， 为圆周面或其它闭环面、 开环面滑动配合轴向双向受拉压 外齿式碰撞保护器实施例； 构件 1的管口向内有凸环 10和齿块出孔 14， 构件 2的中部有与构件 1的凸环 10配合的凹槽 20， 在凹槽 20的左右圆周 面或其它闭环面、 开环面上分布有各种规则或不规则形状、 碎性材料层等 等的齿状凸起物 22， 构件 2无论是受拉还是受压， 构件 1的凸环 10连续 切割构件 2左边或右边的齿状凸起物 22， 达到吸收碰撞冲击能量， 保护与 构件 1联接的物体不被碰撞冲击。 - 参见图 7， 表示圆周面或其它闭环面、 幵环面滑动配合轴向双向受拉 压内齿式保护器实施例； 构件 1内圆周面或其它闭环面、 开环面的中部有 凹槽 13， 凹槽 13的左右分布有各种规则或不规则形状、 碎性材料层等等 的齿状凸起物 11， 构件 2的管口向外有凸环 21和齿块出孔 24， 构件 2无 论是受拉还是受压，构件 2的凸环 21连续切割构件 1左边或右边的齿状凸 起物 11， 达到吸收碰撞冲击能量， 保护与构件 1联接的物体不被碰撞。
参见图 8， 表示平面或曲面滑动配合带滑动槽的轴向受压的碰撞保护 器实施例； 相互滑动配合的两构件 1、 2为平面或曲面配合结构， 在构件 1 上分布有各种规则或不规则形状、 碎性材料层等等的齿状凸起物 11， 并开 有滑动槽 12,构件 2通过构件 1上的滑动槽 12由螺钉联接在一起； 构件 2 受压， 沿滑动槽 12滑动， 连续切割齿状凸起物 11， 达到碰撞保护的目的。 构件 1两面可都有齿状凸起物 11 ; 根据需要， 也可以不带滑动槽。
参见图 9， 表示双平面或双曲面滑动配合的轴向受压的碰撞保护器实 施例； 构件 1为槽形双平面或双曲面 （可组合成多层平面或多层曲面） 结 构， 构件 2插入该槽内，通过滑动连续切割螺栓或铆钉等齿状凸起物 11吸 收碰撞能量。
参见图 10， 表示圆周面或其它闭环面、 开环面滑动配合带缓冲压缩弹 簧轴向受压外齿式碰撞保护器实施例； 在构件 1、 2之间装有缓冲压缩弹簧 3 (还可装在构件内腔里）， 在冲撞的过程中起到一定的缓冲作用， 同时还 有复位等作用， 以满足多次碰撞冲击等需要； 它是图 1最基本的实施例中 在构件 1、 2之间增加缓冲压缩弹簧 3而组成的。
参见图 11， 表示圆周面或其它闭环面、 开环面滑动配合 3级轴向受压 外齿式碰撞保护器实施例；它是图 1的多级组合的形式， 由构件 1、 2、 211、 212组合形成 3级碰撞保护结构， 可以按从小到大的顺序连续化解碰撞力。
参见图 12、 图 13， 为本发明的双级吸能式车辆碰撞保护器实施例。车 辆车架纵梁端的切割滑道 19与齿杆管 2 (在齿杆管 2上分布有各种规则或 不规则形状、 碎性材料层等等的齿状凸起物 22, 齿状凸起物 22分布在齿 杆管 2的外圆周面或其它闭环面、 开环面上） 滑动配合联接， 为方便或切 割功效更理想起见， 它们之间有必要增加切割圈 1， 并且用限位销栓 33把 齿杆管 2—端限位； 齿杆管 2的另一端与第二级齿杆管 211 (在齿杆管 211 上分布有各种规则或不规则形状、 碎性材料层等等的齿状凸起物 22， 齿状 凸起物 22分布在齿杆管 211的外圆周面或其它闭环面、开环面上）滑动配 合联接， 并且用联接销栓 26把它们固定起来； 齿杆管 2的外端与保险杠碰 撞板 25相联接， 齿杆管 211的外端与车辆外碰撞架 214相联接，在保险杠 碰撞板 25与第二级齿杆管 211之间装有切割圈 210 (与齿杆管 211滑动配 合）， 在保险杠碰撞板 25与车辆外碰撞架 214之间装有防齿飞溅筒 213; 在齿杆管 2和齿杆管 211的小孔里可装有点火导线 32， 在碰撞滑动时通过 切断点火导线而起车辆自动熄火作用.;在车辆车架纵梁端 19上面可装有自 动刹车装置， 即上面铰接有活动的刹车摇臂 15， 刹车摇臂 15的上端与自 动刹车装置的刹车拉绳 16相联接， 刹车摇臂 15的另一端靠在齿杆管 2的 端部。
其工作原理是：当车辆受到碰撞冲击时，冲击力驱动车辆外碰撞架 214 与齿杆管 211—起向车架纵梁端 19方向运动，切割圈 210通过滑动连续切 割齿杆管 211上的齿状凸起物 22， 达到首先吸收一定的碰撞能量、 保护车 体的目的； 同时， 齿杆管 211开始运动时， 便能切断点 导线 32， 使车辆 自动熄火， 并且防齿飞溅筒 213能在切割圈 210连续切割齿过程中， 可防 止切割出来的齿飞溅伤人。 当切割圈 210切割完齿杆管 211上的齿后， 就 一起撞冲保险杠碰撞板 25与齿杆管 2， ^动齿杆管 2向车架纵梁端 19运 动，使切割圈 1可再切断点火导线 32和连续切割齿杆管 2上的齿状凸起物 22, 达到吸收大的碰撞能量、 最终保护车体的目的； 同时， 齿杆管 2端面 驱动自动刹车装置的刹车摇臂 15的下端， 使刹车摇臂 15的另一端向相反 方向运动， 再通过拉动刹车拉绳 16进行自动刹车， 从而进一步确保了车辆 和车内乘员的安全。
参见图 14、 图 15， 为本发明的单级吸能式车辆碰撞保护器实施例。 为 上例图 12、 图 13中去掉整套第二级系统的齿杆管 211、 切割圈 210、 车辆 外碰撞架 214、 防齿飞溅筒 213和联接销栓 26， 仅加盖两孔盖 27而已； 其 余具体的实施方式同上例图 12、 图 13—样， 只是当车辆受到碰撞冲击时， 开始就要撞冲保险杠碰撞板 25等。
参见图 16、图 17，为本发明的单级吸能式车辆碰撞保护器另一实施例。 车辆车架纵梁端的切割滑道 19与齿杆管 2 (在齿杆管 2上分布有各种规则 或不规则形状、 碎性材料层等等的齿状凸起物 22, 齿状凸起物 22分布在 齿杆管 2的外圆周面或其它闭环面、 开环面上） 滑动配合联接， 在它们之 间加装有切割圈 1 , 切割圈 1与齿杆管 2滑动配合， 并且用限位销栓 33把 齿杆管 2—端限位， 齿杆管 2的另一外端与保险杠碰撞板 25相联接； 在齿 杆管 2中间设有弹簧座 31， 弹簧座 31与保险杠碰撞板 25之间装有缓冲压 缩弹簧 3; 在齿杆管 2靠近切割圈 1的小孔里可装有点火导线 32， 在碰撞 滑动时通过切断点火导线而起车辆自动熄火作用；在车辆车架纵梁端 19上 面同样可装有自动刹车装置， 即上面铰接有活动的刹车摇臂 15， 刹车摇臂 15的上端与自动刹车装置的刹车拉绳 16相联接， 刹车摇臂 15的另一端靠 在齿杆管 2的端部。 '
其工作原理是： 当车辆受到碰撞冲击时， 冲击力撞冲车辆保险杠碰撞 板 25与齿杆管 2， 驱动齿杆管 2向车架纵梁端 19方向运动， 使切割圈 1 先切断点火导线 32， 使车辆自动熄火， 同时缓冲压縮弹簧 3起一定的缓冲 力作用或复位作用（可用于多次小的碰撞冲击）。 当齿杆管 2继续向车架纵 梁端 19方向运动时， 切割圈 1开始连续切割齿杆管 2上的齿状凸起物 22， 达到吸收大的碰撞能量、 最终保护车体的目的； 同时， 齿杆管 2端面 驱动自动刹车装置的刹车摇臂 15的下端， 使刹车摇臂 15的另一端向相反 方向运动， 再通过拉动刹车拉绳 16进行自动刹车， 从而进一步确保了车辆 和车内乘员的安全。 参见图 18、 图 19和图 20， 为本发明中可向前弹出的单级吸能式车辆 碰撞保护器实施例。 弹簧座 31与保险杠碰撞板 25之间设置有可作进位用 的缓冲压缩弹簧 3， 与保险杠碰撞板 25联接有齿杆管 2， 齿杆管 2另一端 与切割支承筒 17用拉位联接销栓 34相联接，而拉杆 35—端与拉位联接销 栓 34中部相联接， 拉杆 35的另一端联接有复位拉绳 36， 且拉杆 35是用 拉销 37锁定在车架铰接头上；切割支承筒 17装在车架纵梁端 19的支承筒 滑道腔 18中， 在支承筒滑道腔 18上面的横向滑块腔 40内装有支撑滑块 41、 压缩弹簧 42和复位拉杆 43。
其工作原理是： 当车辆行驶在有碰撞情况发生前， 用手控制或电脑自 动控制等拔出拉销 37， 使拉杆 35得到解脱， 这样整个保险杠碰撞板 25、 齿杆管 2、 切割支承筒 17在缓冲压缩弹簧 3的弹力下， 向车辆前伸出或弹 出， 即实现车辆碰撞前的主动出击来迎接碰撞， 以减少车辆前部除本车辆 碰撞保护器系统外的破坏程度和增长碰撞吸能空间为目的； 同时， 支撑滑 块 41在压缩弹簧 42的弹力驱动下从滑块腔 40内快速滑出，进入支承筒滑 道腔 18内， 将切割支承筒 17限位。 在整个伸出后承受碰撞时， 切割支承 筒 17端面切割齿杆管 2上的齿状凸起物 22， 达到吸收碰撞能量， 同时缓 冲压缩弹簧 3也起一定的缓冲作用， 这样便起到了更好地保护车辆和车内 乘员的作用。 未发生碰撞不用时， 先通过复位拉杆 43将支撑滑块 41拉回 到滑块腔 40中， 再通过复位拉绳 36和拉杆 35将整个保险杠碰撞板 25、 齿杆管 2和切割支承筒 17—起拉回复位， 最后将拉销 37插回即可。
参见图 21所示，为本发明中能自动进给齿杆管的单级吸能式车辆碰撞 保护器另一实施例。 保险杠碰撞板 25与切割滑道管 4 (其外圆周面或其它 闭环面、 开环面上同理还可分布有齿状凸起物 22， 可用于大的碰撞冲击） 相联接， 在保险杠碰撞板 25与弹簧座 31之间装有复位用缓冲压缩弹簧 3， 切割滑道管 4与进位式齿杆管 5套合相联接， 进位式齿杆管 5靠单向卡块 45 (—般在圆周上分布有 4个卡块） 自动限位， 单向卡块 45装在车架纵梁 端 19的支撑腔 44内， 单向卡块 45靠圆周上的拉弹簧组 46复位。 当车辆 有连续多次碰撞时， 保险杠碰撞板 25传力给切割滑道管 4， 切割滑道管 4 端面切割进位式齿杆管 5上的齿状凸起物 22吸收一次碰撞能量，再靠缓冲 压缩弹簧 3使切割滑道管 4等复位， 切割滑道管 4复位时拉动进位式齿杆 管 5 (是靠两者之间一定的挤压静摩擦力拉动）， 而单向卡块 45与拉弹簧 组 46—起随时随处可使进位式齿杆管 5限位，以便接受下一次的碰撞冲击， 从而保护了多次碰撞的车辆及车内乘员等。
参见图 22所示，为本发明中增加自动进给切割杆组的单级吸能式车辆 碰撞保护器另一实施例。 车架纵梁端 19与齿杆管 2 (在齿杆管 2上分布有 各种规则或不规则形状、碎性材料层等等的齿状凸起物 22，齿状凸起物 22 分布在齿杆管 2的外圆周面或其它闭环面等如方形面上）滑动配合联接， 在车架纵梁端 19处加装能自动进给的切割杆组 48 (—般装有 2根以上）、 切割杆组座 47和作进位用的压縮弹簧组 49; 齿杆管 2的另一外端与保险 杠碰撞板 25相联攀， 在齿杆管 2中间设有弹簧座 31， 弹簧座 31与保险杠 碰撞板 25之间装有缓冲压缩弹簧 3。 当车辆受到碰撞冲击时， 保险杠碰撞 板 25传力给齿杆管 2， 齿杆管 2端在车架纵梁端 19的滑道中切割切割杆 组 48 (在每次碰撞中都产生）吸收一定的碰撞能量； 当大碰撞冲击时， 还 要靠车架纵梁端 19的滑道端面来连续切割齿杆管 2上的齿状凸起物 22吸 收大的碰撞冲击能量。 在多次小碰撞时， 可靠缓冲压缩弹簧 3使齿杆管 2 复位， 切割杆组 48靠压缩弹簧组 49自动进位。 这样车辆便可接受多次小 的碰撞冲击和一次大碰撞冲击等，从而多次保护了车辆及车内乘员安全等。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种碰撞保护器， 其特征在于由相互滑动配合的构件组成， 在沿滑动 配合面上设置有齿状凸起物。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的碰撞保护器， 其特征在于相互滑动配合的构件 为两个以上。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的碰撞保护器， 其特征在于相互滑动配合的两构 件之间设置有缓冲压縮弹簧 3。
4、根据权利要求 1所述的碰撞保护器，其特征在于相互滑动配合面为平面 或曲面时， 在构件上设置有定位的滑动槽。
5、根据权利要求 1或 2所述的碰撞保护器，其特征是相互滑动配合面为平 面、 曲面、 圆周面和其它闭环面、 开环面。
6、根据权利要求 1所述碰撞保护器的齿状凸起物， 其特征是为方形齿、矩 形齿、 菱形齿、 圆形齿、 棒状齿、 条状齿、 花键状齿、 各种螺纹状齿或旋 条状齿、 各种规则或不规则形状齿、 碎性材料层。
7、一种车辆碰撞保护器，其特征在于具有权利要求 1至 6之一所述的碰撞 保护器的结构； 其中一构件与车辆车架联接， 或车辆车架上开有与一构件 滑动配合的、 替代另一构件的滑道。
8、根据权利要求 7所述的车辆碰撞保护器，其特征在于在车辆车架纵梁端 的滑道中设置有滑动配合的齿杆管构件， 设置有限位销栓把齿杆管构件一 端限位， 齿杆管构件的外端与保险杠碰撞板相联接。
9、根据权利要求 8所述的车辆碰撞保护器，其特征在于在滑道与齿杆管之 间设置有切割圈。
10、 根据权利要求 8所述的车辆碰撞保护器， 其特征在于在齿杆管构件上 靠近切割圈处或齿状凸起物最前端开有容点火导线通过的小孔， 装有作为 自动熄火用的点火导线。
11、 根据权利要求 8所述的车辆碰撞保护器， 其特征在于在齿杆管构件中 间设有弹簧座， 在弹簧座与保险杠之间装有缓冲压缩弹簧。
12、 根据权利要求 8所述的车辆碰撞保护器， 其特征在于在车辆架纵梁端 上面设置有自动刹车装置， 即上面铰接有活动的刹车摇臂， 刹车摇臂的上 端与刹车拉绳相联接， 刹车摇臂的另一端靠在齿杆管的端部。
13、 根据权利要求 7所述的车辆碰撞保护器， 其特征在于车辆车架纵梁端 的切割滑道中设置有滑动配合的齿杆管构件； 滑道与齿杆管之间设置有切 割圈； 设置限位销栓把齿杆管一端限位， 齿杆管的另一端设置有滑动配合 联接的第二级齿杆管外碰撞架系统， 设置联接销栓把齿杆管与第二级齿杆 管固定起来， 齿杆管的外端与保险杠碰撞板相联接， 第二级齿杆管的外端 设置有相联接的车辆外碰撞架， 在保险杠碰撞板与第二级齿杆管之间设置 有切割圈， 在保险杠碰撞板与车辆外碰撞架之间设置有防齿飞溅筒。
14、 根据权利要求 7所述的车辆碰撞保护器， 其特征在于在齿杆管构件中 间设置有弹簧座， 弹簧座与保险杠碰撞板之间设置有可作进位用的缓冲压 缩弹簧， 齿杆管构件的一端与保险杠碰撞板联接， 齿杆管构件另一端设置 有切割支承筒，设置有拉位联接销栓把齿杆管构件与切割支承筒联接一起， 设置有拉杆一端与拉位联接销栓中部相联接， 设置有复位拉绳联接拉杆的 另一端， 设置有拉销把拉杆锁定在车架铰接头上， 切割支承筒设置在车架 纵梁端的支承筒滑道腔中， 在支承筒滑道腔上面设置有横向滑块腔， 滑块 腔内设置有支撑滑块、 压缩弹簧和复位拉杆。
15、 根据权利要求 7所述的车辆碰撞保护器， 其特征在于在切割滑道管中 间设置有弹簧座， 在保险杠碰撞板与弹簧座之间设置有作复位用的缓冲压 缩弹簧， 设置切割滑道管与保险杠碰撞板相联接， 切割滑道管的另一端设 置有套合相联接的进位式齿杆管， 设置有单向卡块能自动把进位式齿杆管 限位， 单向卡块设置在车架纵梁端的支撑腔内， 在单向卡块圆周外设置有 拉弹簧组， 拉弹簧组能随时自动使单向卡块复位。
16、 根据权利要求 Ί所述的车辆碰撞保护器， 其特征在于在车架纵梁端设 置有滑动配合联接的齿杆管， 在车架纵梁端处设置有能自动进给的切割杆 组、 切割杆组座和作进位用的压缩弹簧组， 齿杆管的另一外端与保险杠碰 撞板相联接， 在齿杆管中间设置有弹簧座， 弹簧座与保险杠碰撞板之间设 置有缓冲压缩弹簧。
PCT/CN2004/000235 2003-04-28 2004-03-22 Dispositif de protection contre les chocs WO2004096611A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNA03118331XA CN1541868A (zh) 2003-04-28 2003-04-28 切割式吸能物体碰撞保护器
CNB031183328A CN1319783C (zh) 2003-04-28 2003-04-28 车辆碰撞保护器
CN03118332.8 2003-04-28
CN03118331.X 2003-04-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004096611A1 true WO2004096611A1 (fr) 2004-11-11

Family

ID=33419304

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2004/000235 WO2004096611A1 (fr) 2003-04-28 2004-03-22 Dispositif de protection contre les chocs

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2004096611A1 (zh)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100460249C (zh) * 2007-05-17 2009-02-11 长沙理工大学 自适应冲击能量吸收装置
WO2010037460A2 (de) * 2008-10-02 2010-04-08 Autoliv Development Ab Kraftbegrenzungseinrichtung für ein kraftfahrzeug
RU2475392C1 (ru) * 2011-11-22 2013-02-20 Открытое акционерное общество Научно-исследовательский и конструкторско-технологический институт подвижного состава (ОАО "ВНИКТИ") Модуль для гашения энергии при соударении транспортных средств
US9242617B2 (en) 2011-01-12 2016-01-26 Autoliv Development Ab Seat belt retractor with a speed-regulated force-limiting device
US9327681B2 (en) 2011-11-30 2016-05-03 Autoliv Development Ab Belt retractor with two force-limiting devices acting in parallel
US9487184B2 (en) 2010-07-06 2016-11-08 Autoliv Development Ab Force limiting device for a motor vehicle
US9884605B2 (en) 2012-08-15 2018-02-06 Autoliv Development Ab Force-limiting device for a seat belt system
US9969353B2 (en) 2013-10-16 2018-05-15 Autoliv Development Ab Force-limiting device for a seat belt system
US10046731B2 (en) 2014-03-12 2018-08-14 Joyson Safety Systems Japan K.K. Energy absorption apparatus, seatbelt retractor, and seatbelt apparatus
US10053051B2 (en) 2014-02-06 2018-08-21 Autoliv Development Ab Seat belt retractor with a velocity-controlled load limiting device
US10099652B2 (en) 2014-12-12 2018-10-16 Joyson Safety Systems Japan K.K. Energy absorbing device, seat belt retractor and seat belt device
CN109058690A (zh) * 2018-09-11 2018-12-21 大连海事大学 一种新型的停车场显示屏
US10173638B2 (en) 2014-03-12 2019-01-08 Joyson Safety Systems Japan K.K. Energy absorbing device, seat belt retractor and seat belt apparatus
CN109229038A (zh) * 2018-08-02 2019-01-18 孙丕祥 车辆碰撞缓冲装置
US10189439B2 (en) 2014-06-27 2019-01-29 Joysoft Safety Systems Japan K.K. Seat belt retractor and seat belt device
US10207673B2 (en) 2014-06-10 2019-02-19 Joyson Safety Systems Japan K.K. Seat belt retractor and seat belt device
US10300883B2 (en) 2014-09-22 2019-05-28 Joyson Safety Systems Japan K.K. Pretensioner, retractor, and seat belt device
CN110641405A (zh) * 2019-10-15 2020-01-03 南通理工学院 一种气压缓冲汽车碰撞吸能装置
CN110789481A (zh) * 2019-11-21 2020-02-14 国唐汽车有限公司 一种汽车防撞结构

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2215047A5 (zh) * 1973-01-18 1974-08-19 Imaz Ignacio
FR2528928A1 (fr) * 1982-06-21 1983-12-23 Picand Roland Dispositif absorbeur d'energie par decoupage continu
US4889374A (en) * 1988-06-16 1989-12-26 Choun Sain Lu Two-stage automobile bumper
US5090755A (en) * 1990-06-25 1992-02-25 Austria Metall Aktiengesellschaft Impact absorber, especially as a vehicle bumper support
US5403113A (en) * 1992-08-12 1995-04-04 Energy Absorption Systems, Inc. Shear loading energy absorbing device
CN2265932Y (zh) * 1996-07-23 1997-10-29 张明德 汽车缓撞保险架装置
CN2299770Y (zh) * 1997-04-29 1998-12-09 殷玉树 汽车碰撞能量吸收器
WO1999015364A2 (en) * 1997-09-22 1999-04-01 Jeremic Vlado Multistage bumper for cars

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2215047A5 (zh) * 1973-01-18 1974-08-19 Imaz Ignacio
FR2528928A1 (fr) * 1982-06-21 1983-12-23 Picand Roland Dispositif absorbeur d'energie par decoupage continu
US4889374A (en) * 1988-06-16 1989-12-26 Choun Sain Lu Two-stage automobile bumper
US5090755A (en) * 1990-06-25 1992-02-25 Austria Metall Aktiengesellschaft Impact absorber, especially as a vehicle bumper support
US5403113A (en) * 1992-08-12 1995-04-04 Energy Absorption Systems, Inc. Shear loading energy absorbing device
CN2265932Y (zh) * 1996-07-23 1997-10-29 张明德 汽车缓撞保险架装置
CN2299770Y (zh) * 1997-04-29 1998-12-09 殷玉树 汽车碰撞能量吸收器
WO1999015364A2 (en) * 1997-09-22 1999-04-01 Jeremic Vlado Multistage bumper for cars

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100460249C (zh) * 2007-05-17 2009-02-11 长沙理工大学 自适应冲击能量吸收装置
WO2010037460A2 (de) * 2008-10-02 2010-04-08 Autoliv Development Ab Kraftbegrenzungseinrichtung für ein kraftfahrzeug
WO2010037460A3 (de) * 2008-10-02 2010-07-01 Autoliv Development Ab Kraftbegrenzungseinrichtung für ein kraftfahrzeug
RU2491187C2 (ru) * 2008-10-02 2013-08-27 Отолив Дивелопмент Аб Механизм ограничения нагрузки для автомобиля
US8529398B2 (en) 2008-10-02 2013-09-10 Autoliv Development Ab Force limiting device for a motor vehicle
US9487184B2 (en) 2010-07-06 2016-11-08 Autoliv Development Ab Force limiting device for a motor vehicle
US9242617B2 (en) 2011-01-12 2016-01-26 Autoliv Development Ab Seat belt retractor with a speed-regulated force-limiting device
RU2475392C1 (ru) * 2011-11-22 2013-02-20 Открытое акционерное общество Научно-исследовательский и конструкторско-технологический институт подвижного состава (ОАО "ВНИКТИ") Модуль для гашения энергии при соударении транспортных средств
US9327681B2 (en) 2011-11-30 2016-05-03 Autoliv Development Ab Belt retractor with two force-limiting devices acting in parallel
US9884605B2 (en) 2012-08-15 2018-02-06 Autoliv Development Ab Force-limiting device for a seat belt system
US9969353B2 (en) 2013-10-16 2018-05-15 Autoliv Development Ab Force-limiting device for a seat belt system
US10053051B2 (en) 2014-02-06 2018-08-21 Autoliv Development Ab Seat belt retractor with a velocity-controlled load limiting device
US10046731B2 (en) 2014-03-12 2018-08-14 Joyson Safety Systems Japan K.K. Energy absorption apparatus, seatbelt retractor, and seatbelt apparatus
US10173638B2 (en) 2014-03-12 2019-01-08 Joyson Safety Systems Japan K.K. Energy absorbing device, seat belt retractor and seat belt apparatus
US10207673B2 (en) 2014-06-10 2019-02-19 Joyson Safety Systems Japan K.K. Seat belt retractor and seat belt device
US10189439B2 (en) 2014-06-27 2019-01-29 Joysoft Safety Systems Japan K.K. Seat belt retractor and seat belt device
US10300883B2 (en) 2014-09-22 2019-05-28 Joyson Safety Systems Japan K.K. Pretensioner, retractor, and seat belt device
US10099652B2 (en) 2014-12-12 2018-10-16 Joyson Safety Systems Japan K.K. Energy absorbing device, seat belt retractor and seat belt device
CN109229038A (zh) * 2018-08-02 2019-01-18 孙丕祥 车辆碰撞缓冲装置
CN109058690A (zh) * 2018-09-11 2018-12-21 大连海事大学 一种新型的停车场显示屏
CN109058690B (zh) * 2018-09-11 2024-02-13 大连海事大学 一种新型的停车场显示屏
CN110641405A (zh) * 2019-10-15 2020-01-03 南通理工学院 一种气压缓冲汽车碰撞吸能装置
CN110789481A (zh) * 2019-11-21 2020-02-14 国唐汽车有限公司 一种汽车防撞结构

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2004096611A1 (fr) Dispositif de protection contre les chocs
EP3199420B1 (en) Telescopic energy-absorbing device for rail vehicle collisions
US7735427B2 (en) Shock absorber
US5482230A (en) Vehicle bulkhead safety system
US8051995B2 (en) Energy dissipation device for a car body of a multi-member rail vehicle
US20120031299A1 (en) Energy-Absorbing Device Particularly For A Shock Absorber For A Track-Guided Vehicle
JP3164256U (ja) 衝撃吸収装置
RU2520632C2 (ru) Лобовая часть транспортного средства для прикрепления к передней части рельсового транспортного средства, в частности, железнодорожного транспортного средства
CA2214681C (en) Child safety seat assembly
US3831998A (en) Automobile construction for safety of occupants
EP2845784B1 (en) A buffer
CN105083317A (zh) 一种车钩组件及具有该车钩组件的轨道车辆
US8915385B2 (en) Shock-absorbing coupler head for a coupling arrangement
CN108297892B (zh) 一种用于轨道列车的碰撞吸能系统及轨道列车
CN101479133A (zh) 防钻撞保护器和提供防钻撞保护的方法
CN106394457A (zh) 一种主动保护装置
CN210554641U (zh) 一种汽车一体化防撞系统
JPH04505738A (ja) 自動車用衝撃吸収装置
KR100645869B1 (ko) 도로 갓길에 설치되는 차량의 비상정지 장치
CN107472289A (zh) 一种高铁列车车钩吸能保护装置
JPH0664489A (ja) 車両用安全装置
CN205256343U (zh) 一种车钩组件及具有该车钩组件的轨道车辆
RU2181677C2 (ru) Аварийное энергопоглощающее устройство для вагонов железнодорожного транспорта
KR102141113B1 (ko) 철도차량 연결기용 충격흡수장치
CN207208094U (zh) 一种高铁列车车钩吸能保护装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): BW GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase