WO2004092368A1 - 肥満又は痩せの検査方法 - Google Patents
肥満又は痩せの検査方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004092368A1 WO2004092368A1 PCT/JP2004/003452 JP2004003452W WO2004092368A1 WO 2004092368 A1 WO2004092368 A1 WO 2004092368A1 JP 2004003452 W JP2004003452 W JP 2004003452W WO 2004092368 A1 WO2004092368 A1 WO 2004092368A1
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- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
- C12Q1/6883—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for diseases caused by alterations of genetic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/02—Nutrients, e.g. vitamins, minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/5005—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells
- G01N33/5008—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics
- G01N33/5082—Supracellular entities, e.g. tissue, organisms
- G01N33/5088—Supracellular entities, e.g. tissue, organisms of vertebrates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
- G01N33/6893—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids related to diseases not provided for elsewhere
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- C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
- C12Q2600/136—Screening for pharmacological compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
- C12Q2600/156—Polymorphic or mutational markers
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
- C12Q2600/158—Expression markers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2800/00—Detection or diagnosis of diseases
- G01N2800/04—Endocrine or metabolic disorders
- G01N2800/044—Hyperlipemia or hypolipemia, e.g. dyslipidaemia, obesity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2800/00—Detection or diagnosis of diseases
- G01N2800/52—Predicting or monitoring the response to treatment, e.g. for selection of therapy based on assay results in personalised medicine; Prognosis
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for testing obesity or leanness using a MCP-1 (Monocyte Chemoatractant protein-1: monocyte chemotactic factor) gene or protein, and a test agent containing the gene or protein. Etc.
- MCP-1 Monocyte Chemoatractant protein-1: monocyte chemotactic factor
- Etc a test agent containing the gene or protein.
- the present invention also relates to a method for evaluating a compound effective for treating or preventing obesity or leanness using the gene or protein.
- Obesity is a risk factor for various adult diseases represented by hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, ischemic heart disease and the like. In addition, many of these are chronic diseases, which are thought to cause a rise in medical expenses in the future, and are a major social problem.
- BMI Body mass index: weight (kg) height (m) / height (m)
- MCP-1 is a protein belonging to the CC chemokine subfamily with an open reading frame consisting of 99 amino acids (in the case of human) (accession number: human rabbit 002982 ( SEQ ID NO: 9 and 10), mouse Marauder 011333 (SEQ ID NOS: 11 and 12)). MCP-1 was cloned in 1989 (Yoshimura T et al., FEBS Letters, 244, 487-493 (1989); Furutani Y et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res.
- chemokines are a group of proteins having chemotactic activity on leukocytes, and are apparently involved in the onset, progression, and ashamed of the disease state in the acute and chronic phases of inflammation. I'm familiar. Among them, MCP-1 is known to have a strong chemotactic and activating effect on monocytes, and it is thought that it can be used for applications such as an immune activating effect and an antitumor effect. I have.
- MCP-1 is involved in various biological phenomena in a living body.
- leptin which is known as a satiety factor
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the related art, and provides an obesity or leanness test method that can be determined at a molecular level, and an obesity or leanness test using the molecule.
- the purpose is to provide medicine.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating a compound, such as screening for a therapeutic agent for obesity or leanness, and a compound which is evaluated as an effective therapeutic agent for obesity or leanness by the evaluation method.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, have found that there is a certain correlation between the change in body weight and the expression level or blood concentration of MCP-1, The present invention has been completed.
- the method for testing obesity or leanness of the present invention is characterized by measuring the expression level of the MCP-1 gene in a test tissue or test cell. That is, obesity can be tested based on the MCP-1 gene expression level.
- the expression level is measured using a DNA microarray.
- the method for testing obesity or leanness of the present invention is characterized by measuring the expression level of MCP-1 protein in a test tissue or test cell. That is, obesity can be examined based on the expression level of MCP-1 protein.
- the method for testing obesity or leanness of the present invention is characterized by detecting a change in the expression level of the MCP-1 gene in a test tissue or test cell. That is, comparing the initial value of the expression level of the MCP-1 gene with the measured value of the expression level after a predetermined period (for example, the difference or ratio between the initial value and the measured value), a method of examining or predicting the degree of obesity Is provided.
- a predetermined period for example, the difference or ratio between the initial value and the measured value
- the method for testing obesity or leanness of the present invention is characterized by detecting a change in the expression level of MCP-1 protein in a test tissue or test cell. That is, a method for examining or predicting the degree of obesity is provided in which the initial value of the expression level of the MCP-1 protein is compared with the measured value of the expression level after a predetermined period (for example, the difference or ratio between the initial value and the measured value). You.
- the obesity or leanness test method of the present invention is characterized by detecting a polymorphism present in the MCP-1 gene in a test tissue or a test cell. That is, it becomes possible to test or predict the degree of obesity based on the MCP-1 gene polymorphism. Further, the method for testing obesity or leanness of the present invention provides a method for producing a protein that affects the expression level of the MCP-1 gene by interacting with the MCP-1 protein. It is characterized by detecting the present amount or activity. That is, it becomes possible to examine or predict the degree of obesity based on the expression level or activity of a protein that affects the expression level of the MCP-1 gene.
- the obesity or lean test agent of the present invention is characterized by containing an antibody against MCP-1 protein as an active ingredient.
- the kit for detecting obesity or leanness of the present invention is characterized by containing an antibody against the MCP-1 protein.
- the kit preferably comprises the antibody
- the method for evaluating a compound effective for treating or preventing obesity or leanness comprises a step of administering or contacting a test compound with a test animal or a test cell; Confirming whether the test compound modulates the expression level of the MCP-1 gene or a gene functionally equivalent to the gene in the test animal or test cell. I do.
- the method for evaluating a compound effective for treating or preventing obesity or leanness comprises the steps of: administering or contacting a test compound with a test animal or a test cell; Confirming whether the compound regulates the expression level of the MCP-1 protein or a protein functionally equivalent to the protein in the test animal or test cell.
- the method for evaluating a compound effective for treating or preventing obesity or leanness comprises the steps of: contacting a test compound with an MCP-1 protein; And confirming whether or not it has an effect.
- the compound of the present invention is characterized in that it has been evaluated by the method of evaluating the compound of the present invention to be effective in treating or preventing Mitsuru Tsukimae or leanness.
- FIG. 1 is a graph comparing the blood levels of MCP-1 between DI0 mice and a control group.
- FIG. 2 is a graph comparing the body weights of the DI0 mouse and the control group.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between body weight and blood concentration of MCP-1 in DI0 mice.
- FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the weights of model mice before and after dietary restriction.
- FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the expression levels of MCP-1 in white adipocytes of model mice before and after dietary restriction.
- FIG. 6 is a graph comparing the blood levels of MCP-1 in model mice before and after dietary restriction.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the administration of an obesity-suppressing compound and the expression level of MCP-1 in DI0 mice.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the administration of an obesity-suppressing compound and the blood concentration of MCP-1 in DI0 mice.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the administration of an obesity-suppressing compound and the blood concentration of MCP-1 before and after dietary restriction.
- FIG. 10 are graphs each showing the relationship between the fluorescence intensity of CDllb and the number of cells in various cells.
- (C) and (F) are graphs showing the number of CDllb-positive cells in various cells.
- “Expression level” in the present invention refers to the absolute amount or relative amount of a transcript of the MCP-1 gene.
- the gene includes either DNA or mRNA.
- the “expression level” refers to the absolute or relative amount of the translation product of the MCP-1 gene.
- the "MCP-1 protein” in the present invention includes a precursor protein having a signal peptide and a mature protein V and a shift having no sidanal peptide, but is preferably a mature protein.
- human MCP-1 protein is a precursor protein consisting of 99 amino acids (SEQ ID NO: 10) having a signal peptide consisting of 23 amino acids (amino acids 1 to 23 of SEQ ID NO: 10).
- mouse MCP-1 protein is a precursor protein consisting of 148 amino acids (SEQ ID NO: 12) having a signal peptide consisting of 23 amino acids (1st to 23rd amino acids of SEQ ID NO: 12). Quality protein and mature protein consisting of 125 amino acids without the signal peptide (24th to 14th amino acids of SEQ ID NO: 12).
- the “test tissue” in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a tissue that can be extracted from a living body when an obesity or lean test is performed.
- liver tissue adipose tissue, muscular tissue, and blood tissue are preferable from the viewpoint that the effects of the above are easily reflected.
- tissue from the viewpoint that the tissue can be easily isolated, it is preferable that the tissue be a blood tissue.
- the animal species from which these tissues are derived is not particularly limited, but is preferably human because the main use of the present invention is clinical use of human.
- test cell in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a cell that can be extracted from a living body when performing an obesity or lean test.
- hepatocytes hepatocytes, adipocytes (white adipocytes, brown adipocytes, etc.), muscle cells (myoblasts, skeletal muscle cells, smooth muscle cells, etc.), knee cells (knee island cells, etc.)
- the blood cells Preferably, the blood cells.
- the animal species from which such a tissue is derived is not particularly limited, but is preferably human since the main use of the present invention is clinical use of human.
- the term "obesity” in the present invention refers to an excessive accumulation of adipose tissue.
- this includes so-called “obesity”, which is accompanied by complications such as diabetes and hypertension or visceral fat.
- “obesity” in the present invention also means a state where the body weight has been increased relative to the original body weight when the body weight was controlled by drug administration or the like.
- “lean” in the present invention means a concept opposite to the above-mentioned obesity, and when the weight is controlled by drug administration or diet, etc., the original weight is reduced. It also means a state in which the body weight is relatively reduced as compared with.
- the "test” in the present invention includes not only simply determining that the subject is obese or lean, but also "predicting" the future obesity or leanness. (1) Obesity or lean examination method of the present invention
- the test tissue or the test By detecting a change in the expression level of the MCP-1 gene in the test tissue or test cell described above, or by measuring the expression level, the test tissue or the test It is possible to detect and diagnose whether a living body (for example, a human) from which cells have been extracted is obese or lean. In addition, it is possible not only to examine obesity or leanness at the time of examination but also to predict whether obesity or leanness will occur in the future.
- a test tissue or a test cell is extracted from a living body to be tested.
- an extraction method There is no particular limitation on such an extraction method, and the extraction can be performed by a known method.
- a gene whose expression level is to be measured is prepared from the extracted test tissue or test cell.
- MCP-1 RNA total RNA or mRNA
- RNA total RNA or mRNA
- a gene amplification method such as RT-PCR
- a method using a DNA microarray for example, a DNA chip manufactured by Affymetrix
- a Northern hybridization method are used.
- the expression level can be measured.
- the expression level can also be measured by in situ hybridization using a test tissue or a test cell.
- the above-mentioned measurement of the expression level is performed before and after a period in which the expression level is predicted to change (for example, administration of a therapeutic agent for obesity) Before and after), and the difference in expression level may be measured.
- the expression level of the MCP-1 gene significantly increases before and after the period in which the expression level of the MCP-1 gene is predicted to change. If so, it can be diagnosed that the weight has increased or may increase in the future. On the other hand, when the expression level is significantly reduced, it can be diagnosed that the body weight has been reduced or may be reduced in the future.
- the test tissue or test cell was extracted by detecting a change in the expression level of MCP-1 protein in the test tissue or test cell, or by measuring the expression level. It is possible to examine and diagnose whether a living body (for example, a human) is obese or lean. In addition to simply examining obesity or leanness at the time of examination, it is possible to predict whether obesity or leanness may occur in the future.
- a method for measuring the expression level of a protein isolation from an organism There is a method for measuring the protein concentration in the blood ⁇ a method for measuring the blood concentration of the protein, and the specific method is not particularly limited.
- an MCP-1 protein is prepared from a test tissue or a test cell.
- a protein can be prepared by a known method, for example, by the method described in Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 86, 1850-1854 (1989).
- the expression level is measured by, for example, a method using a protein chip (for example, a protein chip system manufactured by CIPHERGEN) or an immunological method (for example, ELISA, EIA, Western blotting). be able to.
- the expression level can also be measured by immunostaining using a test tissue or test cell.
- a specific example of a method of measuring the blood concentration of a protein includes a method of quantifying the MCP-1 protein by the above-described immunological method using blood collected from a living body.
- obesity or leanness of a subject can be examined by measuring the expression level of the gene or protein of MCP-1 and analyzing the result. That is, since the present invention revealed that the expression level of MCP-1 protein and body weight have a certain correlation, the above test results and the expression level of MCP-1 protein in the control group (normal persons, etc.) By comparing the values, it is possible to determine the degree of obesity or leanness. Further, according to the test method of the present invention, it is possible to predict not only the obesity or leanness at the time of the test but also the possibility of obesity or leanness in the future.
- the above-described measurement of the expression level is carried out before and after a period in which the expression level is predicted to change (for example, fertilization). Before and after the administration of the full therapeutic drug) and measure the difference in the expression level.
- the expression level of the MCP-1 protein significantly increased before and after the period in which the expression level of the MCP-1 protein was predicted to change. In this case, it can be diagnosed that the weight has increased or may increase in the future. On the other hand, when the expression level is significantly reduced, it can be diagnosed that the body weight has been reduced or may be reduced in the future.
- the expression level of the MCP-1 gene or protein changes depending on the presence or absence of the polymorphism and the type, or the activity of the protein is abnormal. May occur. Therefore, by detecting such a genetic polymorphism, knowledge on the expression and activity of MCP-1 can be obtained, and further, a test for obesity or leanness of the test tissue or test subject from which the test cells are derived is performed. be able to.
- Specific examples of such genetic polymorphism include minisatellite, microsatellite, and SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism).
- Detection of a polymorphism in the MCP-1 gene can be performed as follows. That is, in the MCP-1 gene, a base sequence is determined for an obese or lean subject to be tested for a region whose expression level is controlled, and a polymorphic site is detected. The allele frequency of the detected polymorphic site is calculated and polymorphisms that are correlated with obesity or leanness are identified by finding alleles that are significantly increased or decreased in the subject population. Genetic polymorphisms detected in this way include, for example, analysis of the base sequence at the polymorphic site in genomic DNA from the subject, and the physical properties of DNA that vary depending on the type of bases present at the polymorphic site. It can be detected clinically by a method using a difference in chemical properties or a restriction enzyme site, a method using a detection probe suitable for detecting the polymorphic site, a method using mass spectrometry, or the like.
- MCP-1 protein is produced in vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, and is known to promote chemotaxis of monocytes, lymphocytes, and basophils via its receptor, CCR2. ing. Therefore, there is a certain correlation between the MCP-1 protein and the expression level and the activity of the protein that affects the expression level of the MCP-1 gene by interacting with the MCP-1 protein. By detecting one behavior, the other behavior can be inferred.
- interaction means that the MCP-1 protein and another protein act directly or indirectly.
- the MCP-1 protein interacts with another protein.
- examples include an action that causes modification of amino acids and the like by physical contact, and an action that interacts via a third protein and indirectly affects the expression of MCP-1 protein.
- proteins include, for example, proteins that exert physiological functions upstream or downstream of MCP-1 protein in signal transduction via MCP-1 protein. More specifically, for example, MCP-1 CCR2, a receptor for proteins, and signaling molecules located downstream of CCR2.
- a suitable means may be appropriately selected depending on the type of the target protein. The means is not particularly limited.
- the obesity or leanness test method of the present invention as described in the above (A) to (D) makes it possible to diagnose obesity or leanness at the molecular level, and it will be used in the future.
- the possibility of obesity or leanness can also be predicted, and a more accurate diagnosis can be made as compared with conventional diagnostic methods.
- the expression level of the MCP-1 protein is dependent on the change in weight based on obesity or leanness. It has a correlation. Therefore, obesity or leanness can be easily tested by detecting and measuring the amount of protein in test cells or test tissue using an antibody against the protein.
- antibody refers to an entire antibody molecule or a fragment thereof capable of binding to the MCP-1 gene product as an antigen.
- Such an antibody can be produced by a known method, and may be either a monoclonal antibody or a polyclonal antibody.
- the immunological assay using the antibody a known method may be used, and specific examples include a fluorescent antibody method and an enzyme antibody method.
- kits containing such an antibody may comprise, in addition to the antibody, for example, a secondary antibody labeled with a fluorescent label or a radioisotope for detecting the antibody, or a buffer used when performing an antigen-antibody reaction.
- test compound is administered to a test animal or a test cell, and the expression level of the MCP-1 gene or MCP-1 protein, which fluctuates when the test compound is brought into contact with the test compound, is measured. By examining the effect on the activity of the protein by contact with the protein, the test compound can be evaluated.
- the method for evaluating a compound of the present invention is effective for treating or preventing obesity or leanness using the expression level of MCP-1 gene or MCP-1 protein or MCP-1 protein activity as an index. In addition to being able to evaluate compounds, it is also possible to evaluate compounds that are effective in treating or preventing arteriosclerosis via obesity.
- a test compound is administered to or contacted with a test animal or a test cell, and the test compound is administered. By confirming whether a compound regulates the expression level of the MCP-1 gene or a gene functionally equivalent to the gene in a test animal or test cells, it is effective in treating or preventing obesity or leanness. Compounds can be evaluated.
- test compound is evaluated according to the following procedure.
- a test compound is administered or brought into contact with a test animal or a test cell.
- the compound to be tested is not limited as long as it is a candidate compound for a therapeutic or prophylactic drug for obesity or leanness, regardless of its structure or properties.
- examples of the test animal include a mouse, a rat, a heron, a dog, and a monkey.
- the method of administering the test compound to the test animal is not particularly limited, and specifically includes, for example, oral administration, parenteral administration (eg, transdermal administration, intramuscular injection, intravenous injection) Injection, subcutaneous injection).
- the method of bringing the test compound into contact with the test cells is not particularly limited, and specific examples include a method of mixing and contacting in a solution such as a buffer solution (phosphate buffer or the like). .
- test compound regulates the expression level of the MCP-1 gene or a gene functionally equivalent to the gene in the test animal or test cell.
- the method for confirming the presence or absence of regulation of the expression level of the gene is not particularly limited, and the change in the expression level of the gene is determined before administration or contact as described above as a control.
- the detection can be performed by a gene amplification method such as RT-PCR, a method using a DNA microarray, a Northern hybridization method, or the like.
- a gene amplification method such as RT-PCR, a method using a DNA microarray, a Northern hybridization method, or the like.
- an animal or a cell into which a fusion gene of the expression control region of the gene and a reporter gene has been artificially introduced may be used.
- specific examples of the reporter gene include a / 3-galactosidase gene, a luciferase gene and a green fluorescence protein gene.
- the term “gene functionally equivalent to the MCP-1 gene” refers to a gene having a relatively high homology, although having a different base sequence from the MCP-1 gene, and is the same as or similar to MCP-1. Shows genes with similar activity.
- the homology is not particularly limited as long as it is functionally equivalent, but the homology of the base sequence is preferably 70 to 100%, and preferably 80 to 100%. It is more preferable that the content be 90% to 100%. When the homology is lower than the lower limit, there is a high possibility that the homology does not show the same or similar function as that of MCP-1.
- the MCP-1 gene May have similar or similar functions.
- Such a gene may have a base sequence homology outside the above range. It can be suitably used.
- the gene having relatively high homology may be a gene in which one or two or more bases in the MCP-1 gene are naturally or artificially substituted, deleted, added, and inserted or inserted.
- Expression level of the MCP-1 gene or a gene functionally equivalent to the MCP-1 gene when the test compound is administered or contacted, compared to when the test compound is not administered or contacted The test compound can be evaluated as a compound that is effective for treating or preventing obesity when it decreases by 5% or more, preferably 10% or more, more preferably 20% or more.
- the expression level of the MCP-1 gene or a gene functionally equivalent to the MCP-1 gene when the test compound is administered or contacted is 5% or more compared to when the test compound is not administered or contacted.
- the increase is preferably at least 10%, more preferably at least 20%
- the test compound can be evaluated as a compound effective for treating or preventing leanness.
- test compound is administered to or contacted with a test animal or test cell, and the test compound is functionally equivalent to the MCP-1 protein or the protein in the test animal or test cell.
- the method for confirming the presence or absence of regulation of the expression level of the protein is not particularly limited, and a change in the expression level of the protein may be determined, for example, by using the above-mentioned administration or contact as a control.
- the detection can be performed by a method using a chip (for example, a protein chip system manufactured by CIPHERGEN), an immunological method (for example, ELISA, EIA, Western blotting), or the like.
- the presence or absence of regulation of the protein expression level was determined by measuring the blood concentration of MCP-1 protein. It is preferable to carry out.
- the term “protein functionally equivalent to the MCP-1 protein” means that although the amino acid sequence is different from the MCP-1 protein, it shows relatively high homology and is the same as the MCP-1 protein. Or a protein having similar activity.
- the homology is not particularly limited as long as it is functionally equivalent, but the homology of the amino acid sequence is preferably 50 to 100%, and more preferably 60 to 100%. Is more preferable, and particularly preferably 70 to 100%. When the homology is lower than the lower limit, there is a high possibility that the protein does not show the same or similar function as the MCP-1 protein.
- the amino acid sequence of the domain having a function specific to the MCP-1 protein and the amino acid sequence corresponding to the domain of the protein When the homology is high, the protein may have the same or similar function as the MCP-1 protein. Such a protein can be suitably used even if the homology of the amino acid sequence is out of the above range.
- the protein having relatively high homology may be a protein in which one or more amino acid residues in MCP-1 protein have been naturally or artificially substituted, deleted, added, or inserted.
- the test compound can be evaluated as a compound effective for treating or preventing obesity.
- the expression level of the protein functionally equivalent to the MCP-1 protein or MCP-1 protein when the test compound is administered or contacted is 5% or more compared to when the test compound is not administered or contacted.
- the increase is preferably 10% or more, more preferably 20% or more, the test compound can be evaluated as a compound effective for treating or preventing leanness.
- test compound is evaluated according to the following procedure.
- a test compound is brought into contact with the MCP-1 protein.
- the method for bringing the test compound into contact with the protein is not particularly limited, and specifically, for example, mixing and contacting in a solution such as a buffer solution (phosphate buffer solution or the like). There is a method to make it.
- a solution such as a buffer solution (phosphate buffer solution or the like).
- test compound affects the activity of the protein.
- Conditions for measuring the activity of the protein may be appropriately set depending on the properties of the protein to be used. As such conditions, specifically, for example, in the case of the MCP-1 protein, monocyte chemotaxis can be used as an indicator. For example, J. Clin. Invest. 90, 772-779 ( 1992); Kidney Int. 44, 1036-1047 (1993) (Non-Patent Document 4).
- the activity of the MCP-1 protein when the test compound is brought into contact with the MCP-1 protein is 5% or more, preferably 1%, as compared with the case where the test compound is not brought into contact with the MCP-1 protein.
- the decrease is 0% or more, more preferably 20% or more
- the test compound can be evaluated as a compound effective for treating or preventing obesity.
- the activity of the MCP-1 protein when the test compound is brought into contact with the MCP-1 protein is 5% or more, preferably 10% or less.
- the increase is 20% or more, more preferably, the test compound can be evaluated as a compound effective for treating or preventing leanness.
- a model mouse exhibiting obesity by administering the NPYY5 agonist was prepared in the following manner.
- mice 9-: 12-week-old male mice (C57BL / 6J: Claire) were bred one per plastic gauge under the conditions of room temperature 23 ⁇ 2 ° C. and humidity 55 ⁇ 15%. . The light cycle during rearing was 12 hours, and the lights were turned on at 7 am and turned off at 7 pm. Mice were allowed to feed (CE-2 (protein: 25.4% by weight, carbohydrate: 50.3% by weight, lipid: 4.4% by weight): Clair) and water freely.
- CE-2 protein: 25.4% by weight, carbohydrate: 50.3% by weight, lipid: 4.4% by weight
- mice were anesthetized with 80 mg / kg sodium pentoparbital (manufactured by Dynabot), and a sterile 28-gauge brain injection neuron (manufactured by Alzet) was stereotactically injected into the right side of the brain. Transplanted. The force neuron was fixed 0.4 sq. Posterior to Bredama, 0.8 sq. Laterally, and 2 mm deep, perpendicular to the skull. The forcenula was fixed to the skull with dental cement. The force nucleus was connected to an osmotic pump (Model No. 2002: Arze) filled with lOmM phosphate buffer containing 0.05% ⁇ serum albumin (BSA) via a polyvinyl chloride tube. lOmM PBS (0.05%
- a solution of D-Try 34 NPY (prepared at 5 mic / g / g) in BSA) After filling the pump, the mouse was implanted subcutaneously on the back of the mouse, and an antibiotic (50 mg / kg cefamedine: Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) was injected subcutaneously.
- mice were divided into three groups (vehicle group injected with vehicle only) and D-Try 34 NPY (NPY Y5 agonist) injected with the average body weight (ad lib fed group) and D_Try. 34 NPY was injected into a pair-feed group (pair-fed group).
- mice C57BL / 6J: Claire
- mice were bred one at a time in a plastic gauge under the conditions of room temperature 23 ⁇ 2 ° C and humidity 55 ⁇ 15%.
- High caloric is one meal MHF in this mouse (protein: 1 8.2 wt 0/0, Carbohydrate: 55.6 wt%, the lipid: 1 5.5 wt%) given over a six month period, obesity
- DI0 mouse obesity
- "established MFD” refers to mice bred with MHF until the body weight no longer increases.
- HFD protein: 20.8% by weight, carbohydrate: 38.59% by weight, lipid: 32.88% by weight
- DI0 mice HFD
- mice C57BL / 6N, 17 weeks old were individually raised in one cage.
- the food was given a normal diet (CA-1, CLEA).
- the eating restriction was performed according to the following schedule. In other words, food (CA-1) was given only for 3 hours (10:00 to 13:00) per day, and water was freely available. The weight of the food was measured before and after the feeding time, and the difference was taken as the food consumption. During the period of food restriction, body weight and appearance were monitored. In addition, mice that seem to have failed in conditioning (such as extreme weight loss in a short period of time (eg, A mouse with a reduction of about 20%) was not used in the experiment. After breeding the mice under these conditions for 7 days, white adipocytes were excised.
- mMCPl-69F 5'-TCA GCC AGA TGC AGT TAA CGC-3, (SEQ ID NO: 2)
- raMCPl-163R 5 '_ TGA TCC TCT TGT AGC TCT CCA GC-3, (SEQ ID NO: 3)
- TaqMan Probe for mouse ⁇ -actin 5 '-CCT GAG GCT CTT TTC CAG CCT TCC TTC T -3'
- mMCPl-F 5'-TAT TGG C CGA GCG GTT C -3 '(SEQ ID NO: 5)
- mMCPl-R 5'-ATG CCA CAG GAT TCC ATA CCC -3 '(SEQ ID NO: 6)
- mMCPl 26F 5 '-CCT GCT GTT CAC AGT TGC C -3' (SEQ ID NO: 7)
- mMCPl-440R 5,-CAC TGT CAC ACT GGT CAC TCC -3 '(SEQ ID NO: 8).
- the blood concentration of MCP-1 in DI0 mice was measured to examine the relationship between obesity and MCP-1 concentration.
- the measurement of the blood concentration of MCP-1 in each mouse was performed as follows.
- FIG. 4 shows changes in body weight of the model mice before and after dietary restriction.
- the vertical axis indicates the weight after diet restriction in% with respect to the weight before diet restriction.
- FIG. 5 shows the expression levels of MCP-1 before and after dietary restriction in model mice. As is evident from FIG. 5, dietary restriction significantly reduced the expression level of MCP-1.
- the vertical axis indicates the expression level of MCP-1 when the expression level of MCP-1 before dietary restriction is set to 1.
- CDllb which is a surface antigen of macrophages, that is, how blood monocytes fluctuate due to administration of MCP-1.
- MCP-1 was injected subcutaneously into mice at a rate of lOng / 0.5 microliter / hour using an osmotic pump for 2 weeks.
- blood was collected from the tail vein of each of control mice (C57BL / 6), DI0 mice and MCP-1 treated mice using heparin-treated capillaries.
- Blood cells were collected by centrifugation at 300 ⁇ g for 5 minutes, and then incubated at room temperature for 15 minutes with a FITC-labeled anti-mouse CDllb antibody (manufactured by BD Biosciences). In addition, non-specific results As a control, the samples were also incubated with the IgG2b isotype.
- the red blood cells were lysed with lysis buffer at room temperature for 5 minutes. After washing the cells with PBS, the cells were suspended in PBS containing 0.5% formaldehyde.
- flow cytometry was performed using an EPICS Elite Flow Cytometer (manufactured by Beckman Coulter). Here, analysis by flow cytometry was performed by determining the aggregation of monocytes / macrophages in whole blood cells. Flow cytometry used fluorescence and scattered light as indices to analyze 40,000 cells for each sample.
- FIG. 10 (a) shows the results of blood cells derived from control mice
- FIG. 10 (b) shows the results of blood cells derived from DI0 mice
- FIG. 10 (c) shows the number of CDllb-positive monocytes in control mice and DI0 mice.
- FIG. 10 (d) shows the results of blood cells from control mice to which saline was administered
- FIG. 10 (e) shows the results of blood cells from mice to which MCP-1 was administered.
- FIG. 10 (f) shows the number of CDllb-positive blood cells in control mice administered with saline and mice administered with MCP-1.
- Fig. 10 (a) shows the results of blood cells derived from control mice
- FIG. 10 (b) shows the results of blood cells derived from DI0 mice
- FIG. 10 (c) shows the number of CDllb-positive monocytes in control mice and DI0 mice.
- FIG. 10 (d) shows the results of blood cells from control mice to which saline was administered
- FIG. 10 (e) shows the results
- the detection method of the present invention obesity or leanness can be tested and predicted at the molecular level, and more accurate diagnosis can be performed as compared with conventional diagnosis methods. Further, according to the method for evaluating a compound of the present invention, various evaluations such as screening for a therapeutic drug for obesity or leanness or a diagnostic drug can be performed.
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JP2005505343A JPWO2004092368A1 (ja) | 2003-03-13 | 2004-03-12 | 肥満又は痩せの検査方法 |
CA002518760A CA2518760A1 (en) | 2003-03-13 | 2004-03-12 | Method for examining obesity or leanness |
EP04720266A EP1602723A4 (en) | 2003-03-13 | 2004-03-12 | METHOD FOR THE STUDY OF OBESITY AND EXCEPTION |
US10/548,772 US7510833B2 (en) | 2003-03-13 | 2004-03-12 | Method for examining obesity or leanness |
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JP2003067759 | 2003-03-13 | ||
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US (1) | US7510833B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1602723A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2004092368A1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2518760A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004092368A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2008178363A (ja) * | 2007-01-25 | 2008-08-07 | Tohoku Univ | レプチンシグナル伝達障害モデル動物 |
US7713521B2 (en) | 2005-08-12 | 2010-05-11 | Schering Corporation | MCP1 fusions |
JP2013059332A (ja) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-04-04 | Tohoku Univ | マウスの生育過程において社会的隔離に対する肥満又は糖尿病発症の感受性を解析する方法 |
US8524217B2 (en) | 2010-05-11 | 2013-09-03 | Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. | MCP1-Ig fusion variants |
Families Citing this family (1)
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US8524656B2 (en) * | 2008-07-08 | 2013-09-03 | Jacques Galipeau | GM-CSF and truncated CCL2 conjugates and methods and uses thereof |
Family Cites Families (1)
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US20040157253A1 (en) * | 2003-02-07 | 2004-08-12 | Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Methods and compositions for use of inflammatory proteins in the diagnosis and treatment of metabolic disorders |
-
2004
- 2004-03-12 CA CA002518760A patent/CA2518760A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-03-12 WO PCT/JP2004/003452 patent/WO2004092368A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-03-12 EP EP04720266A patent/EP1602723A4/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-03-12 US US10/548,772 patent/US7510833B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-12 JP JP2005505343A patent/JPWO2004092368A1/ja active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
GERHARDT C.C. ET AL: "Chemokines control fat accumulation and leptin secretion by cultured human adipocytes", MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY, vol. 175, no. 1-2, 2001, pages 81 - 92, XP002979901 * |
See also references of EP1602723A4 * |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7713521B2 (en) | 2005-08-12 | 2010-05-11 | Schering Corporation | MCP1 fusions |
US7972591B2 (en) | 2005-08-12 | 2011-07-05 | Schering Corporation | Methods for treating rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis using MCP1 fusions |
US8282914B2 (en) | 2005-08-12 | 2012-10-09 | Merck, Sharp & Dohme Corp. | Method for treating atherosclerosis by administering human MCP1 fusions |
JP2008178363A (ja) * | 2007-01-25 | 2008-08-07 | Tohoku Univ | レプチンシグナル伝達障害モデル動物 |
US8524217B2 (en) | 2010-05-11 | 2013-09-03 | Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. | MCP1-Ig fusion variants |
JP2013059332A (ja) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-04-04 | Tohoku Univ | マウスの生育過程において社会的隔離に対する肥満又は糖尿病発症の感受性を解析する方法 |
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US20070031833A1 (en) | 2007-02-08 |
US7510833B2 (en) | 2009-03-31 |
CA2518760A1 (en) | 2004-10-28 |
JPWO2004092368A1 (ja) | 2006-07-06 |
EP1602723A4 (en) | 2007-04-18 |
EP1602723A1 (en) | 2005-12-07 |
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