Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
  • C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
  • C07D207/30—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
  • C07D207/32—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D207/33—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D207/333—Radicals substituted by oxygen or sulfur atoms
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
  • A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
  • A61P13/12—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the kidneys
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
  • A61P17/06—Antipsoriatics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
  • A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C309/00—Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
  • C07C309/01—Sulfonic acids
  • C07C309/02—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
  • C07C309/24—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton containing six-membered aromatic rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C309/00—Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
  • C07C309/63—Esters of sulfonic acids
  • C07C309/64—Esters of sulfonic acids having sulfur atoms of esterified sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
  • C07C309/65—Esters of sulfonic acids having sulfur atoms of esterified sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a saturated carbon skeleton
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C309/00—Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
  • C07C309/63—Esters of sulfonic acids
  • C07C309/72—Esters of sulfonic acids having sulfur atoms of esterified sulfo groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of a carbon skeleton
  • C07C309/73—Esters of sulfonic acids having sulfur atoms of esterified sulfo groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of a carbon skeleton to carbon atoms of non-condensed six-membered aromatic rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C311/00—Amides of sulfonic acids, i.e. compounds having singly-bound oxygen atoms of sulfo groups replaced by nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
  • C07C311/01—Sulfonamides having sulfur atoms of sulfonamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
  • C07C311/02—Sulfonamides having sulfur atoms of sulfonamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
  • C07C311/08—Sulfonamides having sulfur atoms of sulfonamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the sulfonamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C311/00—Amides of sulfonic acids, i.e. compounds having singly-bound oxygen atoms of sulfo groups replaced by nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
  • C07C311/01—Sulfonamides having sulfur atoms of sulfonamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
  • C07C311/12—Sulfonamides having sulfur atoms of sulfonamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an unsaturated carbon skeleton containing rings
  • C07C311/13—Sulfonamides having sulfur atoms of sulfonamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an unsaturated carbon skeleton containing rings the carbon skeleton containing six-membered aromatic rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C311/00—Amides of sulfonic acids, i.e. compounds having singly-bound oxygen atoms of sulfo groups replaced by nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
  • C07C311/22—Sulfonamides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
  • C07C311/23—Sulfonamides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms having the sulfur atoms of the sulfonamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
  • C07C311/27—Sulfonamides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms having the sulfur atoms of the sulfonamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an unsaturated carbon skeleton containing rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C311/00—Amides of sulfonic acids, i.e. compounds having singly-bound oxygen atoms of sulfo groups replaced by nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
  • C07C311/30—Sulfonamides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by singly-bound nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
  • C07C311/31—Sulfonamides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by singly-bound nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups having the sulfur atoms of the sulfonamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
  • C07C311/35—Sulfonamides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by singly-bound nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups having the sulfur atoms of the sulfonamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an unsaturated carbon skeleton containing rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C311/00—Amides of sulfonic acids, i.e. compounds having singly-bound oxygen atoms of sulfo groups replaced by nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
  • C07C311/50—Compounds containing any of the groups, X being a hetero atom, Y being any atom
  • C07C311/51—Y being a hydrogen or a carbon atom
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
  • C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
  • C07D207/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
  • C07D207/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D207/24—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
  • C07D207/26—2-Pyrrolidones
  • C07D207/263—2-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms
  • C07D207/27—2-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom

Definitions

• the present invention relates to sulfonic acids and derivatives thereof and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them, which are used in the prevention and treatment of tissue damage due to the exacerbated recruitment of polymorphonucleated neutrophils (PMN leukocytes) at inflammation sites.
• PMN leukocytes polymorphonucleated neutrophils
• chemokmes particularly blood cells (macrophages, granulocytes, neutrophils, polymorphonucleated) respond to a chemical stimulus (when stimulated by substances called chemokmes) by migrating along the concentration gradient of the stimulating agent, through a process called chemotaxis.
• the main known stimulating agents or chemokines are represented by the breakdown products of complement C5a, some N-formyl peptides generated from lysis of the bacterial surface or peptides of synthetic origin, such as formyl-methionyl-leucyl- phenylalanine (f-MLP) and mainly by a variety of cytokines, including Intcrleukin-8 (IL-8, also referred to as CXCL8).
• Interleukin-8 is an endogenous chemotactic factor produced by most nucleated cells such as fibroblasts and macrophages.
• IL-8 The biological activity of IL-8 is mediated by the interaction of the interleukin with
• CXCR1 and CXCR2 membrane receptors which belong to the family of seven transmembrane receptors, expressed on the surface of human neutrophils and of certain types of T-cells (L. Xu et al., J. Leukocyte Biol., 57, 335, 1995).
• Selective ligands are known which can distinguish between CXCR1 and CXCR2: GRO- ⁇ is an example of a
• CXCR1 activation is known to play a crucial role in IL-8-mediated chemotaxis
• CXCR2 activation could play a pathophysiological role in cronic inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis.
• cronic inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis
• IL-8 in psoriasis is also supported by the effects of IL-8 on keratinocyte functions. Indeed, IL-8 has been shown to be a potent stimulator of epidermal cell proliferation as well as angiogenesis, both important aspects of psoriatic pathogenesis (A. Tuschil et al. J Invest Dermatol, 99, 294, 1992; Koch AE et al, Science, 258, 1798, 1992). In addition, there is accumulating evidence that the pathophysiological role of IL-8 in melanoma progression and metastasis could be mediated by CXCR2 activation (L.R. Bryan et al., Am J Surg, 174, 507, 1997).
• IL-8 IL-8 in pulmonary diseases (lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, asthma, chronic lung inflammation, and cystic fibrosis) and, specifically, in the pathogenesis of COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) through the CXCR2 receptor pathway has been widely described (D. WP Hay and H.M. Sarau., Current Opinion in Pharmacology 2001, 1 :242-247).
• Ketoprofen shares the property to inhibit the IL-8 biological activity with other molecules belonging to the class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NS ⁇ IDs) such as flurbiprofen, ibuprofen and indomethacin.
• NS ⁇ IDs non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
• COX cyclo-oxygenase enzyme
• the present invention thus provides use of sulfonic acids and derivatives of formula (I) :
• ⁇ r is a phenyl group, unsubstituted or substituted by one to three substituents, independently selected from halogen, Ci-G t -alkyl, Ci-Gj-alkoxy, hydroxy, Ci-Gj-acyloxy, phenoxy, cyano, nitro, amino, C ⁇ -C_t-acylamino, halogen-C)-C 3 -alkyl, halogen C1-C3- alkoxy, benzoyl, or ⁇ r is a substituted or unsubstituted 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring;
• X represents either a -CH 2 - or a -CH(CHs)- group or an ethylenic group of formula (II) in the E configuration, wherein R' is H or CH 3 ;
• Y is selected from O (oxygen) and NH;
• R is selected from - H, C ⁇ -C 5 -alkyl, C,-C 5 -cycloalkyl, C ⁇ -C 5 -alkenyl, C
• W represents a single bond, CH2, O, S, N-Rc, Re being H, Ci- -alkyl or Ci- C ⁇ -alkylphenyl, in the preparation of a medicament for the inhibition of IL-8 induced human PMNs chemotaxis.
• substituted in the above definition means substituted with a group selected from Ci-Cs-alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, Ci-Cs-alkoxy, amino, Ci-Cs-alkylamino, nitro, or a cyano group.
• Ar is a substituted phenyl group selected from 3'-benzoylphenyl, 3'-(4-chloro-benzoyI)- phenyl, 3'-(4-methyl-benzoyl)-phenyl, 3'-acetyl-phenyl, 3'-propionyl-phenyl, 3'- isobutanoyl-phenyl, 4'-trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy-phenyl, 4'-benzenesulfonyloxy- phenyl, 4'-trifluoromethanesulfonylamino-pheny], 4'-benzenesulfonylamino-phenyl, 4'- benzenesulfonylmethyl-phenyl, 4'-acetoxyphenyl, 4'-propionyloxy-phenyl, 4'- benzoyloxy-phenyl, 4'acetylamino-phenyl, 4'propion
• the salt is sodium salt.
• the ethanesulfonamides described above are chiral compounds and the invention provides both the racemic and the single (+) and (-) enantiomers.
• the compounds of the invention of formula (I), when bearing acidic or basic groups, are generally isolated in the form of their addition salts with both organic and inorganic pharmaceutically acceptable acids or bases.
• Examples of such acids are selected from hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, metansolfonic acid, fumaric acid, citric acid.
• Examples of such bases are selected from sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide , (D,L)-Lysine, L-Lysine, tromethamine.
• the compounds of the present invention are particularly useful as inhibitors of IL-8 induced human PMNs chemotaxis.
• the compounds of formula (I) were evaluated in vitro for their ability to inhibit chemotaxis of polymorphonucleate leukocytes (hereinafter referred to as PMNs) and monocytes induced by the fractions of IL-8 and GRO- ⁇ .
• PMNs polymorphonucleate leukocytes
• monocytes induced by the fractions of IL-8 and GRO- ⁇ .
• mononucleates were removed by means of sedimentation on dextran (according to the procedure disclosed by W.J. Ming et al, J. Immunol., 138, 1469, 1987) and red blood cells by a hypotonic solution.
• the cell vitality was calculated by exclusion with Trypan blue, whilst the ratio of the circulating polymorphonucleates was estimated on the cytocentrifugate after staining with Diff Quick.
• Human recombinant IL-8 (Pepro Tech) was used as stimulating agents in the chemotaxis experiments, giving practically identical results: the lyophilized protein was dissolved in a volume of HBSS containing 0.2% bovin serum albumin (BS ⁇ ) so thus to obtain a stock solution having a concentration of 10 5 M to be diluted in HBSS to a concentration of 10 "9 M, for the chemotaxis assays.
• BS ⁇ bovin serum albumin
• PVP-free filters with a porosity of 5 ⁇ m and microchambers suitable for replication were used.
• Ar groups are 3'- benzoylphenyl, 3'-(4-chloro-benzoyl)-phenyl, 3'-(4-methyl-benzoyl)-phenyl, 3'-acetyl- phenyl, 3'-propionyl-phenyl, 3'-isobutanoyl-phenyl, 4'-trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy- phenyl, 4'-benzenesulfonyloxy-phenyl, 4'-trifluoromethanesulfonylamino-phenyl, 4'- benzenesulfonylamino-phenyl, 4'-benzenesulfonylamino-phenyl, 4'-benzenesulfonylmethyl-phenyl, 4'-acetoxyphenyl, 4'- propionyloxy-phenyl, 4'-benzoyloxy-phenyl, 4'acetylamin
• the dual inhibitors of the IL-8 and GRO- ⁇ induced biological activities are strongly preferred in view of the therapeutical applications of interest, but the described compounds selectively acting on CXCR1 IL-8 receptor or CXCR2 GRO- ⁇ /IL-8 receptor can find useful therapeutical applications in tl e management of specific pathologies as below described.
• the compounds of formula (I) do not interfere with the production of PGE 2 induced in murine macrophages by lipopolysaccharides stimulation (LPS, 1 ⁇ g/mL) at a concentration ranging between 10 "5 and 10 "7 M. Inhibition of the production of PGE 2 which may be recorded, is mostly at the limit of statistical significance, and more often is below 15-20% of the basal value.
• the reduced effectiveness in the inhibition of the CO constitutes an advantage for the therapeutical application of compounds of the invention in as much as the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis constitutes a stimulus for the macrophage cells to amplify synthesis of TNF- ⁇ (induced by LPS or hydrogen peroxide) that is an important mediator of the neutrophilic activation and stimulus for the production of the cytokine Interleukin-8.
• the compounds of the invention are particularly useful in the treatment of a disease such as psoriasis (R. J. Nicholoff et al., Am. J. Pathol., 138, 129,
• Inhibitors of CXCRl and CXCR2 activation find useful applications, as above detailed, particularly in treatment of chronic inflammatory pathologies (e.g. psoriasis) in which the activation of both IL-8 receptors is supposed to play a crucial pathophysiological role in the development of the disease.
• chronic inflammatory pathologies e.g. psoriasis
• IL-8 receptors e.g. IL-8 receptors
• CXCRl activation of CXCRl is known to be essential in IL-8-mediated PMN chemotaxis (Hammond M et al, J Immunol, 155, 1428, 1995).
• activation of CXCR2 activation is supposed to be essential in IL-8-mediated epidermal cell proliferation and angiogenesis of psoriatic patients (Kulke R et al., J Invest Dermatol, 110, 90, 1998).
• CXCR2 selective antagonists find particularly useful therapeutic applications in the management of important pulmonary diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD (D. WP Hay and H.M. Sarau., Current Opinion in Pharmacology 2001, 1:242-247).
• Pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention and a suitable carrier thereof, are also within the scope of the present invention.
• compositions and unit dosages thereof may, in fact, be placed into the form of pharmaceutical compositions and unit dosages thereof, and in such form may be employed as solids, such as tablets or filled capsules, or liquids such as solutions, suspensions, emulsions, elixirs, or capsules filled with the same, all for oral use, or in the form of sterile injectable solutions for parenteral (including subcutaneous) use.
• Such pharmaceutical compositions and unit dosage forms thereof may comprise ingredients in conventional proportions, with or without additional active compounds or principles, and such unit dosage forms may contain any suitable effective amount of the active ingredient commensurate with the intended daily dosage range to be employed.
• the acids of this invention are typically administered in the form of a pharmaceutical composition.
• Such compositions can be prepared in a manner well known in the pharmaceutical art and comprise at least one active compound.
• the compounds of this invention are administered in a pharmaceutically effective amount.
• the amount of the compound actually administered will typically be determined by a physician, in the light of the relevant circumstances, including the condition to be treated, the chosen route of administration, the actual compound administered, the age, weight, and response of the individual patient, the severity of the patient's symptoms, and the like.
• the pharmaceutical compositions of the invention can be administered by a variety of routes including oral, rectal, transdermaldermal, subcutaneous, intravenous, intramuscular, and intranasal.
• the compounds are preferably formulated as either injectable or oral compositions.
• the compositions for oral administration can take the form of bulk liquid solutions or suspensions, or bulk powders. More commonly, however, the compositions are presented in unit dosage forms to facilitate accurate dosing.
• unit dosage forms refers to physically discrete units suitable as unitary dosages for human subjects and other mammals, each unit containing a predetermined quantity of active material calculated to produce the desired therapeutic effect, in association with a suitable pharmaceutical excipient.
• Typical unit dosage forms include prefiUed, premeasured ampoules or syringes of the liquid compositions or pills, tablets, capsules or the like in the case of solid compositions.
• the acid compound is usually a minor component (from about 0.1 to about 50% by weight or preferably from about 1 to about 40% by weight) with the remainder being various vehicles or carriers and processing aids helpful for forming the desired dosing form.
• Liquid forms suitable for oral administration may include a suitable aqueous or nonaqueous vehicle with buffers, suspending and dispensing agents, colorants, flavors and the like.Liquid forms, including the injectable compositions described herebelow, are always stored in the absence of light, so as to avoid any catalytic effect of light, such as hydroperoxide or peroxide formation.
• Solid forms may include, for example, any of the following ingredients, or compounds of a similar nature: a binder such as microcrystalline cellulose, gum tragacanth or gelatine; an excipient such as starch or lactose, a disintegrating agent such as alginic acid, Primogel, or corn starch; a lubricant such as magnesium stearate; a glidant such as colloidal silicon dioxide; a sweetening agent such as sucrose or saccharin; or a flavoring agent such as peppermint, methyl salicylate, or orange flavoring.
• Injectable compositions are typically based upon injectable sterile saline or phosphate- buffered saline or other injectable carriers known in the art.
• the acid derivative of formula I in such compositions is typically a minor component, frequently ranging between 0.05 to 10% by weight with the remainder being the injectable carrier and the like.
• the mean daily dosage will depend upon various factors, such as the seriousness of the disease and the conditions of the patient (age, sex and weight).
• the dose will generally vary from 1 mg or a few mg up to 1500 mg of the compounds of formula (I) per day, optionally divided into multiple administrations. Higher dosages may be administered also thanks to the low toxicity of the compounds of the invention over long periods of time.
• the above described components for orally administered or injectable compositions are merely representative.
• Racemic 1-arylethanesulfonic acid sodium salt is filtered through a column packed with Amberlite IR-120 resin (H+ form) eluted with water to give the product as pasty oil.
• the two isomers separation is achieved by crystallisation of the corresponding (+) or (-) ⁇ - phenylethylammonium salts in ethanohc solution as described for the optical resolution of arylpropionic acids in ⁇ kgun H. et al., ⁇ rzneim.-Forsch./Drug Res., 46(11), Nr.9, 891-894 (1996).
• the pure enantiomers are isolated as sodium salts.
• the compound has been synthesised starting from commercial isobutylbenzene.
• the compound has been prepared according to the above described method starting from the intermediate 4-(l-oxo-2-isoindolinyl)acetophenone.
• This intermediate has been prepared from the commercially available reagents phtalaldehyde and 4- aminoacetophenone on the basis of the method described in Ichiro, T. et al., Heterocycles
• the compound has been prepared according to the above described method starting from the intermediate 4-(l-oxo-2-isoindolinyl)acetophenone.
• This intermediate has been prepared from the commercially available reagents phtalaldehyde and 4- aminoacetophenone on the basis of the method described in Ichiro, T. et al., Heterocycles 43: 11, 2343-2346 (1996).
• the compound has been prepared according to the above described method starting from the intermediate 4-benzenesulfonyloxyacetophenone obtained from the commercial 4-hydroxyacetophenone following known experimental procedures.
• the procedure involves the diastereoselective C- methylation of N-sulfonylcamphorimine generated from 4-isobutylbenzylsulfonamide (27) and N,N-diisopropyl-(lS)-(+)-10-camphorsulfonamide or N,N-diisopropyl-(lR)-(-)-10- camphorsulfonamide.
• the diastereoisomers acid hydrolysis allows to obtain the desired compounds, both as transparent oils.
• the final compound l-(3-isopropylphenyl)ethanesulfonamide (31) has been obtained by oxidation with 3-chloroperbenzoic acid (2 equivalents) and cleavage of the phtalimido moiety by treatment with hydrazine according to methods well known in the art.
• the compound has been synthesised, as above described, by acylation with acetyl chloride of the related l-(4-isobutylphenyl)ethanesulfonamide.
• the E/Z 2-aryl-2-methylethensulfonamides are prepared according to the above described method of general procedure for the synthesis of E-arylethenesulfonamides to obtain E/Z-2-aryl-2-methyl-ethensulfonamides (0.75-0.85 mmol) (yield 85-95%) as colourless oils.

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  • 2004-03-11 CN CNB2004800068672A patent/CN100372831C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-03-11 PT PT04719463T patent/PT1606248E/pt unknown
  • 2004-03-11 ES ES04719463T patent/ES2386811T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2005
  • 2005-10-11 NO NO20054672A patent/NO332782B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation

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