WO2004072289A1 - 新規ウイルスベクター - Google Patents
新規ウイルスベクター Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004072289A1 WO2004072289A1 PCT/JP2004/001739 JP2004001739W WO2004072289A1 WO 2004072289 A1 WO2004072289 A1 WO 2004072289A1 JP 2004001739 W JP2004001739 W JP 2004001739W WO 2004072289 A1 WO2004072289 A1 WO 2004072289A1
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- soluble polymer
- amino acid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
- C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
- C12N15/85—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for animal cells
- C12N15/86—Viral vectors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K48/00—Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseases; Gene therapy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2710/00—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA dsDNA viruses
- C12N2710/00011—Details
- C12N2710/10011—Adenoviridae
- C12N2710/10311—Mastadenovirus, e.g. human or simian adenoviruses
- C12N2710/10341—Use of virus, viral particle or viral elements as a vector
- C12N2710/10343—Use of virus, viral particle or viral elements as a vector viral genome or elements thereof as genetic vector
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2810/00—Vectors comprising a targeting moiety
- C12N2810/40—Vectors comprising a peptide as targeting moiety, e.g. a synthetic peptide, from undefined source
- C12N2810/405—Vectors comprising RGD peptide
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a virus vector having a structure in which a water-soluble polymer is bonded to the surface of a virus particle, and a foreign peptide having affinity for integrin is bonded to the water-soluble polymer.
- adenovirus vectors At present, adenovirus vectors, adeno-associated virus vectors, retrovirus vectors, liposomes and the like are known as vectors used for gene transfer.
- adenovirus vectors have 1) high gene transfer efficiency and high gene expression efficiency, 2) transfection of cells and many other cell types, and 3) in vivo tissue It is also effective for direct gene transfer into cells, 4) It is possible to introduce a relatively large foreign gene, 5) It is easy to prepare high titer vectors, and 6) It is less likely to cause cytotoxicity. It is widely used because it has
- the mode of infection of adenovirus is as follows: first, a fiber protruding from the surface of the virus particle binds to the adenovirus receptor CAR (coxackie-adenovirus receptor) present on the surface of the infected cell, and then penton-based (Arginine (R)-Glycine (G)-Aspartic acid (D) with 5 sequences) binds to integrins (aV3, aV] 35) present on the cell surface, causing virus particles. It is known to be taken up into cells and establish infection (T'Wickham et al., Cell J, Vol. 73, pp. 309-319, 1993) ).
- CAR coxackie-adenovirus receptor
- adenoviruses when used as a vector for gene transfer, adenoviruses 1) cause an inflammatory response in individuals depending on the dose due to their high immunogenicity, 2) have a short half-life in blood, 3> High S rights, risk of liver damage, 4> Low gene transfer efficiency to CAR low expressing cells (for example, airway epithelial cells, smooth muscle cells, skeletal muscle cells, T cells, hematopoietic stem cells, dendritic cells, etc.) 5) High antigenicity
- CAR low expressing cells for example, airway epithelial cells, smooth muscle cells, skeletal muscle cells, T cells, hematopoietic stem cells, dendritic cells, etc.
- PEG polyethylene glycol
- a peptide motif (hereinafter referred to as the RGD motif) having a basic sequence of arginine (R) -glycine (G) -aspartic acid (D), which is known to bind to integrin, is genetically engineered.
- Adenovirus vector inserted into the knob at the fiber tip hereinafter referred to as fiber mutant adenovirus vector) (H. Mizuguchi et al., Gene Ther. (Gene Ther.>), Vol. 8, pp. 730-735, 2001) and the PEG of the PEG of the adenovirus vector described above.
- Adenovirus vector to which a peptide having specificity for airway epithelial cells (sss.17 peptide, SDQLAS PYSHPR) is added to the outermost part (hereinafter referred to as airway epithelial cell-specific peptide PEG-adenovirus vector) H.
- airway epithelial cell-specific peptide PEG-adenovirus vector H.
- the PEG-adenovirus vector described above has a problem that PEG inhibits the binding of the virus particle to CAR and reduces the gene transfer efficiency in CAR-expressing cells (SiR. R. 0, riordan et al.>"Human Gene Theranv" J, Vol. 10, pp. 1349-1358, 1999).
- PEG inhibits the binding of the virus particle to CAR and reduces the gene transfer efficiency in CAR-expressing cells
- the fiber mutant adenovirus vector since only the RGD motif is inserted into the virus fiber, it has the same antigenicity as a normal adenovirus vector, so that neutralizing antibodies and phagocytic cells can be used. There is a problem that the gene transfer efficiency is reduced by the action.
- the airway epithelial cell-specific peptide PEG-adenowinoresbetata cannot transfect only the airway epithelial cells, and the sss.17 peptide targets the airway epithelial cell surface. No substance has been identified. Furthermore, from Table 1 and FIG. 2 by H. Romanczuk et al., It is clear that binding to airway epithelial cells requires a total of 12 amino acid residues of sss. In general, peptides consisting of as many as 12 amino acid residues are likely to show immunogenicity to the administered organism, and viral vectors containing sss. There is a problem to administer.
- the airway epithelial cell-specific peptide-PEG-adenovirus vector also has various problems in its production method.
- the vector synthesizes an sss.17, peptide derivative by adding a cysteine having an active SH group to the end of the sss.17 peptide, while synthesizing a sss.17 peptide derivative with a group that reacts with a lysine residue on the adenovirus surface.
- Heterobifunctional PEG having both an active SH group and a group that reacts with the active SH group of the sss.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a virus vector in which the respective disadvantages have been overcome, while maintaining the useful points of the above-mentioned conventionally used virus vectors.
- PEG-adenovirus vector above fiber-modified Adenowiru scan vectors and airway epithelial cell-specific peptidase Puchido p EG - while retaining useful point of adeno Ui Roh-less solid data and foremost, the virus base compactors which are overcome the respective disadvantages
- the purpose is to do. That is, 1) reducing the immunogenicity of the adenovirus vector and avoiding an inflammatory response to an individual; 2) reducing the antigenicity of the adenovirus vector and avoiding attacks from neutralizing antibodies and phagocytes; 3) Improve the problem of reduced gene transfer efficiency in PEG-adenovirus vector.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above problems, and as a result, have found that a water-soluble polymer binds to the surface of a virus particle, and an exogenous peptide having an affinity for integrins present on the cell surface. Found that a virus vector having a structure linked to the water-soluble polymer was useful for solving the problems of a conventional virus vector for gene transfer and maintaining its usefulness. Thus, the present invention has been completed.
- the present invention provides, in the first aspect,
- a water-soluble polymer is directly or indirectly bound to the virus particle surface, and an exogenous peptide having an affinity for integrin present on the target cell surface is bound to the water-soluble polymer.
- the water-soluble polymer is a virus particle via a linker amino acid and a crosslinking agent;
- the virus vector according to 4> wherein the molecular weight of the poly'ethylene glycol is 3,000 to 4,000;
- the exogenous peptide is tyrosine ( ⁇ ) -glycine (G) -glycine (G) -arginine (R) .- glycine (G) -aspartic acid (D) -threonine ( ⁇ ) —proline ( ⁇ ) — ⁇ Alanine (X)-lysine ( ⁇ )- ⁇ -alanine (X)-proline ( ⁇ >-threonine ( ⁇ )-aspartic acid (D)-glycine (G) monoanoreginin (R)-glycine (G)-glycine (G > The virus vector according to 11), which has an amino acid sequence represented by -tyrosine (Y).
- the present invention provides, in the second aspect, 1 3) A gene transfer method characterized by using the virus vector according to any one of 1) to 1 2).
- the present invention provides, in a third aspect thereof,
- a foreign peptide having an affinity for integrin is bound to the water-soluble polymer of the water-soluble polymer 1 ⁇ -linkeramino acid to obtain a foreign peptide-a water-soluble polymer-a linker-amino acid;
- a cross-linking agent is bound to the resulting exogenous peptide-water-soluble polymer ⁇ -linker-amino acid linker-amino acid;
- a method for producing a viral vector comprising the steps of:
- Steps a) and b) are performed by linking a linker amino acid to the resin (Resin), and then the exogenous peptide-soluble water-soluble polymer-monolinker-amino acid is cleaved from the resin. And c) and d), wherein the method for producing a viral vector according to 14) is performed;
- the present invention has low immunogenicity and low antigenicity with respect to a living body to be administered, so that it is hardly attacked by neutralizing antibodies or poor phagocytes, has a relatively long half-life in blood, and has a high Efficient gene transfer is also possible, which results in low flurogenicity, easy and efficient production of the virus without reducing its usefulness, and thawing and refreezing after long-term cold storage. If the vector for gene transfer is stable even after repetition, the gene transfer method is particularly used.
- virus particle surface refers to the outer shell (force) of the virus.
- exogenous peptide j refers to a peptide artificially added to a vinoresbetter.
- integratedin refers to a non-covalently bound transmembrane glycoprotein composed of ⁇ - subunit and subunit, which has an ability to bind to an extracellular matrix. It has affinity for laminin, such as 4j81, ⁇ 1, ⁇ 8 ⁇ 1, aVj31, ⁇ Vj33, ⁇ Vj36, aHb] 33, which have an affinity for the extracellular matrix component fibronectin.
- Figure 1 shows the results of using human lung epithelial carcinoma A549 cells (ATCC: CCL-185, Fig. 1A) and mouse melanoma B16BL6 cells (Tohoku University Institute of Aging: TKG0598, Fig. IB).
- Performed control adenovirus vector, PEG-adenowinores vector, fiber mutant adenovirus resetter and RGD-PE A graph showing the results of a comparative experiment on the gene expression efficiency of the G-adenovirus vector is shown.
- Figure 2 shows a control adenovirus vector, a PEG-adenovirus vector, and a fiber obtained from human lung epithelial carcinoma A549 cells (Figure 2A) and mouse melanoma B16BL6 cells ( Figure 2B).
- 4 is a graph showing the results of an experiment comparing the gene expression efficiency of a mutant adenovirus vector and an RGD-PEG-adenovirus vector in the presence of a neutralizing antibody.
- Figure 3 shows a control adenovirus vector and a PE G-adenowinores vector obtained using human lung epithelial carcinoma A549 cells (Figure 3A) and mouse melanoma B16BL6 cells ( Figure 3B).
- 7 is a graph showing gene expression efficiencies immediately after production of a fiber mutant adenovirus vector and an RGD-PEG-adenovirus vector, and when freeze-thawing was repeated after long-term low-temperature storage.
- the virus that can be used in the virus vector of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a virus that is known to be used in a virus vector for gene transfer.
- Viruses such as adeno-associated virus, particularly preferred are adenoviruses.
- a virus appropriately modified by genetic engineering can be used as an adenovirus used for a viral vector for gene introduction.
- an adenovirus in which the E1 gene region or E3 gene region of the adenovirus genome has been deleted, an adenovirus in which a foreign gene has been inserted into the region, or the like can be used as a virus for producing a vector.
- the water-soluble polymer that can be used in the virus vector of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a pharmaceutically acceptable water-soluble polymer, and polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 300 to 400 is preferably used.
- Polyolylene glycol such as polypropylene daricorn, polystyrene copolymer such as styrene-maleic acid copolymer, polyvinylinolepyrrolidone, and polybutyl alcohol are preferred, and polyethylene diol is particularly preferred.
- this water-soluble polymer includes water-soluble poly Derivatives in which the terminal of the mer is protected and / or activated are also included.
- Water-soluble polymers with protected ends are suitable for peptide synthesis, especially those protected with fmoc (9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl) or t-Boc (tert-butoxycarbonyl).
- Preferred eg, Shearwater: Cat No. 1P2Z0F02, 2Z530F02.
- Examples of the water-soluble polymer having an activated terminal include those having an active group that binds to a part of an amino acid (an amino group, a carboxyl group, a thionole group, and the like).
- exogenous peptide having an affinity for integrin that can be used in the virus vector of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has a substantial affinity for integrin, but is not limited to fibronectin.
- fibronectin motifs (RGD, LDV, REDV), laminin motifs (RYVVLPR, L GT IPG, PDSGR, YI GSR, LRE, I KVAV, RN IAE IIKDI, RGD), vitronectin peptide comprising cutin motif (RGD) is preferably t also, a 4 j3 1 above, ⁇ 5 J3 1, ⁇ 8 ] 3 1, aV ⁇ 1, ⁇ ⁇ 3 ⁇ ⁇ 6.
- ⁇ ⁇ b 3 3 (Integrin with affinity for buipronectin), ⁇ 1 / 31, a.21, ⁇ 3 ⁇ 1, ⁇ 6 ⁇ la7 ⁇ 1, a6 ⁇ 4, aV ⁇ 8 (affinity for laminin having Integurin), o; 8 i3 l, aV ⁇ 1, aV ⁇ S aV ⁇ 5, aV ⁇ 8 N a U b ⁇ 3 ( Yes Surupe peptide with affinity for integrin) having an affinity for the vitronectin also present invention It can be suitably used as an exogenous peptide having an affinity for integrin.
- peptides are known peptide motifs (for example, CK5j31: RGD, ⁇ 21: DEGA, ⁇ 4j31 or K4J37: EIL DV, a61: RGD, YIGSR or IKVAV).
- a peptide having an affinity for the integrin can be searched for and obtained by a phage display method.
- peptides having an affinity for QjVjS3 or Q; , RGD, LDV, REDV, GPRP, etc. can also be suitably used as the exogenous peptide having an affinity for integrin of the present invention.
- peptide derivatives in which an amino acid or the like is appropriately added to one or both ends of the amino acid sequence of a peptide having an affinity for integrin as described above may be used in the present invention unless they exhibit significant antigenicity. Can be.
- the virus vector of the present invention can be prepared by using the virus, the water-soluble polymer and the exogenous peptide as essential elements, and the number of bonds of each element between the virus particle, the 7-soluble polymer and the exogenous peptide
- the binding site and the binding format are not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired, and can be appropriately increased or decreased or changed according to the following method or a method known per se.
- the viral vector of the present invention comprises (i) a linker amino acid bound to one end of a water-soluble polymer to obtain a water-soluble polymer 1 ⁇ -linker amino acid, and (ii) a water-soluble polymer At the other end of the water-soluble polymer of linker amino acid, an exogenous peptide having an affinity for integrin is sequentially synthesized at its carboxyl terminal force to obtain an exogenous peptide water-soluble polymer 1 ⁇ one linker amino acid; (iii) a cross-linking agent is bound to the resulting exogenous peptide 7J-soluble polymer-linker-amino-acid linker amino acid; and (i V) an exogenous peptide-water-soluble polymer linker via the cross-linking agent.
- the water-soluble polymer is polyethylene glycol (PEG)
- the linker is one amino acid
- the cross-linking agent is a cross-linking agent capable of binding to a thiol group or a diamino group.
- PEG polyethylene glycol
- the linker is one amino acid
- the cysteine and the cross-linking agent is a cross-linking agent capable of binding to a thiol group or a diamino group.
- a foreign peptide having an affinity for integrin present on the surface of a target cell can be synthesized by a known peptide synthesis method (for example, a solid phase method).
- the exogenous peptide of the present invention includes not only an amino acid sequence having an affinity for integrin present in a target cell but also other amino acids. It can be used as a server.
- the exogenous peptide can have a branched structure by including one or more amino acids having two amino groups. This enhances the ability of the viral vector of the present invention to bind to integrin present on the surface of the target cell.
- the water-soluble polymer In order to bind the water-soluble polymer to which the exogenous peptide having affinity for integrin present on the surface of the target cell is bound to the virus particle surface, the water-soluble polymer can be directly bound to the virus particle surface. At least one amino acid capable of binding to a divalent cross-linking agent (preferably, a hetero-reactive divalent bi-valent cross-linking agent) is added to one end of the water-soluble polymer. After binding the linker monoamino acid and the divalent cross-linking agent, one end of the divalent cross-linking agent is bonded to the virus particle surface, that is, the water-soluble polymer and the virus particle surface It is preferred that a linker monoamino acid and a divalent cross-linking agent be present in between.
- a linker monoamino acid and a divalent cross-linking agent be present in between.
- This method is effective when an exogenous peptide having an affinity for an integrin present on the surface of a target cell contains an acidic amino acid. Because, when a water-soluble polymer to which an exogenous peptide having affinity for integrin present on the surface of a target cell is bound is directly bonded to the virus particle surface, it is necessary to activate the terminal of the water-soluble polymer. This is because when an exogenous peptide having an affinity for an integrin present on the surface of a target cell contains an acidic amino acid, the acidic amino acid is also activated and its original properties are changed.
- the exogenous peptide having an affinity for the integrin present on the target cell surface contains an acidic amino acid
- the exogenous peptide having an affinity for the integrin present on the target cell surface is bound.
- the water-soluble polymer be bound to the virus particle surface using a linker amino acid and a divalent crosslinking agent without activating the water-soluble polymer.
- linker amino acid cysteine having a thiol group, lysine as a basic amino acid, alanine as a neutral amino acid, aspartic acid as an acidic amino acid, and other amino acids can be used. It is preferable that the number is included.
- an active group When binding only a water-soluble polymer to a linker amino acid, it is necessary to add an active group to the terminal of the water-soluble polymer.
- the active group that binds to the amino group of the amino acid include an N-hydroxysuccinimide group, a succinimidinole group, a force / repoxynole group, an aldehyde group, and a benzotriazole group.
- the active group that binds to the carboxyl group of an amino acid include an amino group.
- Amino acid Examples of the active group that binds to the all group include a maleimide group and a vinyl / resnolephone group. Among them, it is preferable to use a derivative having an active group that binds to an amino group of an amino acid, and particularly preferable to use a derivative having a terminal N-hydroxysuccinimide group or a succinimidyl group.
- One or several amino acids can be introduced as a spacer between the crosslinking agent and the water-soluble polymer, if necessary.
- the above-mentioned linker amino acid and amino group, lipoxyl group, thiol group it is preferable to use a divalent cross-linking agent capable of bonding to the above.
- a cross-linking agent capable of binding at least to the amino group since it is preferable to target the amino group present on the virus particle surface for binding to the virus particle surface, it is necessary to use a cross-linking agent capable of binding at least to the amino group.
- cysteine is used as the linker amino acid, it is necessary to use a cross-linking agent capable of binding to at least a thiol group.
- the divalent cross-linking agent examples include a cross-linking agent having a binding ability to a thiol group or a diamino group (mainly a maleimide group, an N-hydroxysuccinimide group or a succinimidyl group in a molecule), for example, technochemica / EMC S (N- (6-Maleiraidocaproyloxy succinimide), GMB S (N- (4-Maleimidobutyryloxy) succinimide), MBS (m-Maleimidobenzyl-N-hydroxy succinimide ester), SA TA (N-Succinimidyl S-acethylthioacetate), S MC C (Succinimidyl 4- (N-maleiraidomethyl)-cyclohexane-l-carboxylate), S MP B (Succinimidyl 4-p-ma ⁇ eimidophenyi butyrate), SPDP (N- Succinimidyl)
- a divalent crosslinking agent a
- a cross-linking agent capable of binding to an amino group and a carboxyl group for example, EDC commercially available from Techno Chemical Co., Ltd. (1-Ethyl-3- (3-DimethylaminopropyD carbodiimide) etc.
- a bivalent cross-linking agent a cross-linking agent that has the ability to bind to two thiol groups (mainly a maleimide group in the molecule )
- BMH marketed by Techno Chemical Co., Ltd.
- thiol groups and amino groups are used as divalent cross-linking agents used to bind a water-soluble polymer having an exogenous peptide having an affinity for integrin present on the surface of a target cell to the virus particle surface.
- Crosslinking agents having a binding ability to the compound mainly having a maleimide group, N-hydroxysuccinimide group, and succinimidyl group in the molecule are preferable.
- a linker is linked to a resin (formation of a linker amino acid-resin), and then a linker-amino acid is linked to a water-soluble polymer (a water-soluble polymer-linker-amino acid-resin). Then, an exogenous peptide having an affinity for integrin present on the surface of the target cell is bound to a water-soluble polymer (formation of an integrin-affinity exogenous peptide-a water-soluble polymer-a linker-amino acid-a resin).
- the integrin-affinity foreign peptide-water-soluble polymer—linkeramino acid is cleaved from the resin to obtain an integrin-affinity foreign peptide-water-soluble polymer “linker-amino acid.
- a bridging agent is bound (formation of integrin-affinity exogenous peptide-water-soluble polymer-linker-amino acid-bivalent cross-linking agent), and finally it is bound to the virus particle surface (integrin-affinity exogenous).
- Peptide water-soluble polymer (1) formation of one linker, one amino acid, one divalent cross-linking agent, and one virus particle).
- the method for producing the virus vector of the present invention can be performed by a known peptide synthesis method.
- the linker amino acid contains cysteine
- the divalent crosslinking agent has a binding ability to a thiol group or a diamino group (mainly, a maleimide group, an N-hydroxysuccinimide group, (With a simimidinole group in the molecule).
- a thiol group or a diamino group mainly, a maleimide group, an N-hydroxysuccinimide group, (With a simimidinole group in the molecule.
- the exogenous peptide sequence that binds to the 7J-soluble polymer preferably has a chain length as short as possible from the viewpoint of reducing the immunogenicity of a living body as a virus vector as described above. Further, from the viewpoint of enhancing the affinity for the target cell as a viral vector, one or more exogenous peptides may be included. The chain length and the number of exogenous peptides can be adjusted as appropriate while taking into account the effect as a wheel / less vector. Further, the foreign peptide may contain one or more integrin affinity motifs.
- the modification rate of the water-soluble polymer in the virus vector of the present invention prepared as described above was determined by the residual amino group of the water-soluble polymer-adenovirus vector using the fluororesin-min method (Edcloyl 'Maria ( A. Croyle Maria) et al. Human Gene Therapy ”, Vol. 11, pp. 1713-1722, 2000>. Accordingly, those skilled in the art can appropriately determine the optimal water-soluble polymer modification rate in terms of the gene transfer efficiency, and this can be applied to the present invention. Specifically, 0 4 2 ni g /: .
- the particle size of the water-soluble polymer-11 adenovirus vector can be measured using ZETASIZER 3000HS (Malverni). Similarly to the above modification ratio, those skilled in the art can appropriately determine the optimal particle size in terms of gene transfer efficiency and select a water-soluble polymer having an optimal molecular weight, and this can be applied to the present invention. it can. In addition, the present inventors found that the modification ratio of the water-soluble polymer of the water-soluble polymer adenovirus vector and the average particle size measured by ZETASIZER increased in correlation with the amount and the number of additions of the water-soluble polymer. I have confirmed. Therefore, the modification of the water-soluble polymer of the adenovirus vector can be controlled by the amount and the number of additions of the water-soluble polymer.
- the number of virus particles can be measured according to the method of Maizel et al. (JV Jr. Maizel et al., "Pirology J, Vol. 36, pp. 115-125, 1968).
- a person skilled in the art can appropriately determine the number of viruses to be used for gene transfer, that is, take an appropriate amount of the purified virus solution, dissolve it in 1% SDS / PBS (1), and use the absorbance meter to measure the OD26. measured at 0 nm. number viral particles are calculated as 1. 1 X 1 0 1 2 particles / OD 260.
- the target individual includes, for example, humans, mice, rats, hamsters, monoremots, and the like.
- the target administration site of the virus vector of the present invention includes brain, liver, kidney, spleen, prostate, small intestine, large intestine, lung, bronchi, skin, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, skeletal muscle, etc. Is mentioned.
- Cells targeted by the virus vector of the present invention include living cells (epithelial cells, muscle cells, brain nerve cells, etc.), cancer cells, cultured cells, and the like.
- the target cells include A549 cells, B16BL6 cells, HepG2 cells, COS1 cells, CHO cells, and the like.
- cells to be targeted include T cells, B cells, hematopoietic stem cells, ES cells, and the like.
- Integrins are expressed or exert physiological functions at various sites.At least ⁇ 11 is neurite, lymphocyte, ⁇ 2 ⁇ 1 is platelet, cancer cell, ⁇ 3 ⁇ 1 is kidney, lung, Cancer cells, hi 41 are lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, «5 ⁇ 1 are various cells, a 6 ⁇ 1 is epithelial cells, neurites, cancer cells, ⁇ 71 is skeletal muscle, ⁇ 8] 3 1 is kidney, neuron, ⁇ 9] 31 is tracheal epithelium, ⁇ V / 31 is various cells, cancer cells, ⁇ ; V j33 blood vessels, bone, blood vessels, epithelium, a Vi36 is epithelium, a V 8 is Neurites, sp 4; 87 are lymphocytes, sp 6; 84 are epithelial cells, sp L2 is leukocytes, ⁇ 2 is neutrophils, monocytes, ⁇ 2 is monocytes, granulocytes, a D 2
- the spleen 91 is expressed in the tracheal epithelium
- the ⁇ 2 chain is expressed on the surface of leukocytes
- aL / 32 is LFA-1 (a protein with lymphocyte function), ⁇ ; ⁇ ] 3 2 Is expressed on Mac-1 (macrophage surface protein).
- the three chains are expressed in various cells including platelets.
- An exogenous peptide having an affinity for the integrin expressed in a cell or site-specific manner is obtained (for example, obtained by screening by a phage display method or the like).
- a gene By applying to a viral vector, a gene can be specifically introduced into a cell or site where the target integrin is expressed.
- the administration route of the viral vector of the present invention when used in in vivo, can be appropriately selected, such as local administration to a tissue or organ, intravenous administration, transmucosal administration, intramuscular administration, oral administration.
- the viral vector of the present invention includes a p53 gene (apoptosis of cancer cells).
- Therapeutic genes such as thymidine kinase gene (inducing apoptosis of cancer cells), adenosine aminase (ADA) gene (adenosine aminase deficiency), and the like.
- RGD-PEG adenovirus vector from a mixture of Adenowinores
- RGD-PEG adenovirus vector that can be isolated from a mixture of Adenowinores
- centrifugation using a CsC1 density gradient Can be used. It can also be isolated by dialysis, or can be isolated by combining ultracentrifugation using a CsC1 density gradient with analysis.
- adenowinores vectors were prepared and compared. That is, as shown in the following 1) to 4), 1) an adenovirus vector as a control, 2) a PEG-adenovirus vector, 3) a fiber mutant adenovirus vector, and 4) an adenovirus vector of the present invention Produced.
- a vector prepared by Mizuguchi et al. was used (the vector lacks the E1 and E3 regions of the adenovirus vector, and the luciferase gene is incorporated into this E1-deficient region! /, Things.
- the virus was first added together with 5% Dulbeco, s modified eagle's medium (DMEM, manufactured by Sigma>) supplemented with 5% fetal serum. Cells were infected About 2-3 days later, CPE
- the PEG-adenovirus vector was prepared using the control adenovirus vector prepared in 1) above, followed by methoxy polyethylene glycol-succinimidyl propionate (mPEG-SPA). A molecular weight of 5,000, a product of Shearwater, catalog number: 2M4M0D01) was used.
- Mizuguchi et al. Produced a fiber mutant adenovirus vector in which a part of the amino acid sequence present in the knob of the adenovirus fiber was genetically engineered to a peptide consisting of arginine (R>-glycine (G)-aspartic acid (D)).
- This vector is an adenovirus vector.
- the ⁇ 1 region and the ⁇ 3 region are deleted, and the luciferase gene is integrated in the ⁇ 1 deleted region, which binds to non-CAR-expressing cells via integrin and efficiently expresses the gene.
- the gene sequence encoding the HI loop of the fiber is cleaved with Csp451 and the vector plasmid pAdHM15 having a Clal site with both restriction enzymes, and corresponds to the anoregiyun (R)-glycine (G)-aspartic acid (D) sequence.
- the synthesized oligo DNA was introduced by in vitro ligation. Then, the luciferase gene was inserted into the E1-deficient site.
- the resulting plasmid was cleaved with Pacl and transfected into 293 cells to obtain a luciferase-expressing adenowinores vector having the anoreginin (R) -glycine (G) -aspartate (D) sequence ⁇ ! In the fiber.
- a method for producing an adenovirus vector will be described with reference to the following reaction chart.
- Cysteine Cysteine
- a heteroreactive bivalent reagent that specifically binds to the SH group.
- 3Arayun (j3Ala) is present between the linker amino acid and PEG; it is used as a spacer to facilitate the reaction.
- a lysine (Lys) with two amino groups was introduced to link two RGD sequences per PEG molecule with the aim of increasing affinity for integrins.
- the synthesis was carried out according to the solid phase method using Fmoc as a protecting group. That is, 1.5 g of Fmoc-Amide Resin (functional group content 0.66 mol / g) (manufactured by Applied Biosystems) was weighed and placed in a propylene reaction vessel (Nippon Kagaku Co., Ltd.). Set on a shaker (IA company, VIBRAX VXR) and add dichloromethane (D
- CM methyl methacrylate
- DIPC diisopropylcarbodiimide
- EMCS has a maleimide group and N-hydroxysuccinimide active ester at both ends of the molecule. The active ester reacts with the amino group and the maleimide group selectively reacts with the SH group. It is known to react.
- the compound g (RDG-PEG) obtained in 4-1-1) of Example 1 was bound to the adenovirus vector prepared in Example 1-1-1). That is, 1 ⁇ 10 12 particles / g of compound g (RDG-PEG) at a 250-fold molar amount to the primary amine present in the outer shell protein (hexon, penton base, fiber) of one particle of adenovirus vector. Add the adenovirus to the adenovirus vector and react at 37 ° C for 15 minutes with stirring at 300 rpm to bind the adenovirus. Completed. As a result, an adenovirus vector (RGD-PEG-adenovirus vector) to which compound g was bound was obtained. a) Fmoc-Cys (Tit Resin
- B16BL6 cells were subcultured in DMEM containing 10% fetal serum, and subconfluent B16BL6 cells were used for Eagle, s minimum essential containing 7.5% fetal serum. The cells were subcultured in medium (MEM, Sigma II: ⁇ ), and those in a subconfluent state were used for the experiment.
- a 549 cells and B 16 BL 6 cells were seeded on a 48-well plate with 2 ⁇ 10 4 cells Z 0.5 ml LZ well and cultured for 24 hours. 300
- the luciferase activity was measured as an index of the gene expression efficiency of the virus vector by lysing the cells with 100 ⁇ L of Luciferase Cell Culture Lysis Reagent (Promega Neyring), then using Luciferase Assay System (Promega), Microluraat The activity was measured using Plus LB96 (manufactured by Perkin Elmer) The activity was expressed as Luciferase activity (RLU (relative light unit) / Veil).
- Luciferase activity RLU (relative light unit) / Veil
- the results are shown in FIG. 1 as changes in luciferase activity when virus particles per cell were changed.
- the RGD-PEG-adenovirus vector showed gene expression several hundred times higher than that of the PEG-adenowinores vector in A549 cells, which are high CAR-expressing cells, and the same gene expression as the control adenovirus vector.
- the RGD-PEG-adenovirus vector showed more than 100-fold higher gene expression than the control adenovirus vector, compared to B16BL6 cells, which are low CAR expressing cells in the control adenovirus vector. .
- its expression is expressed in fibers that protrude from the adenovirus particle surface. Insertion of the RGD sequence was equivalent to that of the fiber mutant adeno-inores vector, which enabled high gene expression even in cells with low CAR expression.
- the fiber mutated adenovirus vector is considered to be approximately equivalent to the virus particle size and virus mass of the control adenovirus vector due to the incorporation of RGD into its own fiber.
- the PEG-adenovirus vector has significantly larger virus particle diameter and virus mass than the fiber mutant adenovirus vector and the control adenovirus vector.
- the RGD-PEG-adenovirus vector of the present invention uses PEG having a molecular weight of 3400, and the molecular weight of PEG is 20% because of the addition of RGD, which is an exogenous peptide with affinity for integrin. Compared to a PEG-adenovirus vector of 0, the virus particle size and virus mass are both greater.
- those having a large structure can be used as a virus vector even if the structure has a peptide having an affinity for integrin. It is expected that the ability to bind to DNA will be weaker, resulting in a lower gene transfer efficiency than the fiber-mutated adenovirus vector.
- the RGD-PEG-adenovirus vector having such a large structure was able to transduce genes as efficiently as the fiber mutant adenovirus vector, and therefore, it was considered that the integrin affinity was maintained at a high level.
- the experiments were performed using human lung epithelial carcinoma A549 cells (FIG. 2A), which are high CAR expressing cells, and mouse melanoma B16BL6 cells (FIG. 2B), which are low CAR expressing cells.
- A549 cells were subcultured in DMEM containing 10% fetal calf serum, and were used in a subconfluent state for the experiment.
- B16BL6 cells were subcultured in Eagle's minimum essential medium (thigh, manufactured by Sigma) containing 7.5% of bovine serum, and those in a subconfluent state were subjected to the experiment.
- a 549 cells and B 16 BL 6 cells were seeded on a 48-well plate with 1 ⁇ 10 4 cells Z 0.5 mL, and cultured for 24 hours.
- ICR mouse serum containing anti-adenovirus vector antibody add each vector prepared in the culture medium of each cell at 1000 particles / cell //0.5 mL to each well, and add 37 ° C. C, saturated vapor pressure, and cultured 5% C0 2 under 24 hours.
- the luciferase activity was measured according to 5) of Example 1.
- the ICR mouse serum was prepared by administering the control adenovirus vector to the ICR mouse three times at about 10 10 particles / mouse.
- RGD-PEG-adenovirus vector maintains high gene expression in both CAR-high and low-expressing cells in the presence of anti-adenovirus vector antibody, far exceeding control and fiber-mutated adenovirus vectors was.
- A549 cells Assuming that the gene expression in the absence of antibody of each vector is 100%, the gene expression of the control adenovirus vector and the mutant adenovirus vector in the presence of the antiserum 1/10000 dilution is 24% and Although reduced to 42%, the RGD-PEG-adenovirus vector retained 100% gene expression.
- the RGD-PEG-adenowinores vector of the present invention could be a superior gene transfer vector than the fiber mutant adenovirus vector, and was an integrin-affinity foreign peptide via PEG.
- PEG By adding RGD, it was found that PEG can be attached to target cells while retaining the advantages of PEG, and subsequent gene transfer and gene expression can be efficiently achieved.
- a PEG-adenovirus vector to which an integrin-affinity exogenous peptide such as RGD has been imparted has a high gene transfer and expression ability like a fiber mutant adenovirus vector, and furthermore, the antibody that the PEG-adenovirus vector has It was found to have evasion ability.
- the mutant adenovirus vector and the RGD-PEG-adenovirus vector were respectively stored in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at 180 ° C for one month. After thawing various adenowinores vectors at room temperature and repeating the freezing step at -80 ° C five times, each gene A comparative experiment of the current efficiency was performed.
- PBS phosphate buffered saline
- the experiments were performed using human lung epithelial carcinoma A549 cells (FIG. 3A), which are high CAR expressing cells, and mouse melanoma B16BL6 cells (FIG. 3B), which are low CAR expressing cells.
- A549 cells were subcultured in DMEM containing 10% fetal calf serum, and those in a subconfluent state were used for the experiment.
- B16BL6 cells were subcultured in Eag1 e's minimum essential maximrn (MEM, Sigma) containing 7.5% germ-free serum and subconfluent. Were subjected to the experiment.
- A549 cells and B16BL6 cells were seeded on a 48-well plate at 2 ⁇ 10 4 cells / 0.5 mL Nowell and cultured for 24 hours.
- Each vector prepared in the medium of each cell was added to the well with 3000 mL of Z cell ⁇ .5 mL, and cultured for 24 hours at 3.7 ° C., saturated vapor pressure, and 5% CO 2 .
- the PEG-adenovirus vector immediately after its production in A549 cells had a low gene expression efficiency as compared to other vectors, as in 5) of Example 1.
- the control adenovirus vector, PEG-adenovirus vector, fiber mutant adenowinores vector, and RGD-PEG-adenovirus vector obtained by freezing and thawing 5 times after storage for 1 month have almost the same genes as when they were made. He kept his efforts.
- the gene expression of the RGD-PEG-adenovirus vector in B16BL6 cells immediately after construction was approximately 100 times higher than that of the control adenovirus vector, similar to 5> in Example 1, and equivalent to that of the fiber mutant adenovirus vector. It was confirmed that it was.
- the RGD-PEG-adenovirus vector maintained gene expression almost equal to that at the time of production, even after five months of freezing and thawing after storage for one month.
- the gene expression of the RGD-PEG-adenovirus vector of the present invention was confirmed. At present, even after repeated freezing and thawing after long-term low-temperature storage, the protein is sufficiently retained and has high stability.
- the RGD-PEG-adenovirus vector of the present invention maintained excellent gene expression efficiency even when freeze-thawing was repeated after long-term low-temperature storage. It was an unexpected result that the stability of an adenovirus vector having a large structure such as RGD-PEG was sufficiently maintained even after repeated freezing and thawing after long-term cold storage.
- the present invention has low immunogenicity and low antigenicity with respect to the living body to be administered, so that it is not easily attacked by neutralizing antibodies or phagocytic cells, has a relatively long half-life in blood, and is suitable for a wide range of cells.
- SEQ ID NO: 5 Peptide motif having integrin-binding activity.
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JP2005505035A JP4566129B2 (ja) | 2003-02-17 | 2004-02-17 | 新規ウイルスベクター |
DE602004032330T DE602004032330D1 (de) | 2003-02-17 | 2004-02-17 | Neuartiger virusvektor |
EP04711732A EP1626090B1 (en) | 2003-02-17 | 2004-02-17 | Novel virus vector |
US10/544,986 US20060258005A1 (en) | 2003-02-17 | 2004-02-17 | Novel virus vector |
AT04711732T ATE506445T1 (de) | 2003-02-17 | 2004-02-17 | Neuartiger virusvektor |
US11/544,986 US7367688B1 (en) | 2003-02-17 | 2006-10-06 | Outdoor lighting lamp with water-resistant cover |
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EP (1) | EP1626090B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4566129B2 (ja) |
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Cited By (3)
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WO2008068945A1 (ja) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-12 | Osaka University | 細胞内移行ペプチドを有効成分とする遺伝子導入補助剤および該遺伝子導入補助剤を利用した遺伝子導入方法 |
JP2008182921A (ja) * | 2007-01-29 | 2008-08-14 | Osaka Univ | 磁性粒子を用いた遺伝子導入方法 |
JP2014534245A (ja) * | 2011-11-22 | 2014-12-18 | ザ チルドレンズ ホスピタル オブフィラデルフィア | 効率の高いトランスジーン送達のためのウイルスベクター |
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USD654192S1 (en) | 2009-05-13 | 2012-02-14 | Lighting Science Group Coporation | Body portion of a lamp |
USD652564S1 (en) | 2009-07-23 | 2012-01-17 | Lighting Science Group Corporation | Luminaire |
USD663446S1 (en) | 2010-05-04 | 2012-07-10 | Lighting Science Group Corporation | Body portion of a bulb |
USD658791S1 (en) | 2010-05-04 | 2012-05-01 | Lighting Science Group Corporation | Luminaire |
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US8388186B2 (en) * | 2011-05-26 | 2013-03-05 | Arcadia | Lamp shade having interlocking sections |
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US11421698B2 (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2022-08-23 | Hunter Fan Company | Ceiling fan sealing assembly |
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- 2004-02-17 US US10/544,986 patent/US20060258005A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2008068945A1 (ja) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-12 | Osaka University | 細胞内移行ペプチドを有効成分とする遺伝子導入補助剤および該遺伝子導入補助剤を利用した遺伝子導入方法 |
WO2008068982A1 (ja) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-12 | Osaka University | 細胞内移行ペプチドを有効成分とする遺伝子導入補助剤および該遺伝子導入補助剤を利用した遺伝子導入方法 |
JP2008182921A (ja) * | 2007-01-29 | 2008-08-14 | Osaka Univ | 磁性粒子を用いた遺伝子導入方法 |
JP2014534245A (ja) * | 2011-11-22 | 2014-12-18 | ザ チルドレンズ ホスピタル オブフィラデルフィア | 効率の高いトランスジーン送達のためのウイルスベクター |
US10640785B2 (en) | 2011-11-22 | 2020-05-05 | The Children's Hospital Of Philadelphia | Virus vectors for highly efficient transgene delivery |
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US20060258005A1 (en) | 2006-11-16 |
JPWO2004072289A1 (ja) | 2006-06-01 |
US7367688B1 (en) | 2008-05-06 |
EP1626090A1 (en) | 2006-02-15 |
DE602004032330D1 (de) | 2011-06-01 |
JP4566129B2 (ja) | 2010-10-20 |
EP1626090A4 (en) | 2007-07-04 |
EP1626090B1 (en) | 2011-04-20 |
ATE506445T1 (de) | 2011-05-15 |
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