WO2004067245A1 - Procede et dispositif pour produire une poudre essentiellement a base de matiere plastique, exempte de pvc - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour produire une poudre essentiellement a base de matiere plastique, exempte de pvc Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004067245A1
WO2004067245A1 PCT/EP2004/000506 EP2004000506W WO2004067245A1 WO 2004067245 A1 WO2004067245 A1 WO 2004067245A1 EP 2004000506 W EP2004000506 W EP 2004000506W WO 2004067245 A1 WO2004067245 A1 WO 2004067245A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nozzle
flow channel
powder
spray
atomizing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2004/000506
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gerhard Barich
Original Assignee
Zapf Creation Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10302979A external-priority patent/DE10302979A1/de
Priority claimed from DE10339545A external-priority patent/DE10339545A1/de
Application filed by Zapf Creation Ag filed Critical Zapf Creation Ag
Publication of WO2004067245A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004067245A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00—Making granules
    • B29B9/10—Making granules by moulding the material, i.e. treating it in the molten state
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/02—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops
    • B01J2/04—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops in a gaseous medium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00—Making granules
    • B29B9/12—Making granules characterised by structure or composition
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
    • C08J3/12—Powdering or granulating
    • C08J3/122—Pulverisation by spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00—Making granules
    • B29B9/12—Making granules characterised by structure or composition
    • B29B2009/125—Micropellets, microgranules, microparticles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a powder containing at least one plastic, in particular PVC-free, a device for producing a powder containing at least one plastic, in particular PVC-free, in particular for use in the method, and a use of a powder in particular with the method produced at least one plastic-containing, in particular PVC-free powder.
  • microgranulation has proven itself for the production of plastic particles with particle sizes larger than 500 ⁇ m. With smaller particle sizes, however, this method quickly reaches its limits. So far, it has been possible to produce particles down to around 300 ⁇ m using this process.
  • the starting material is processed into correspondingly small particles, for example in a pelletizer connected inline with an extruder.
  • hot-cut microgranulation e.g. underwater microgranulation or droplet granulation can be used.
  • Smaller plastic particles can be produced, for example, by grinding plastic.
  • the grain size of the individual grains can be set to values below 100 ⁇ m or even 1 ⁇ m.
  • the milling of plastics is possible both at room temperature and at very low temperatures and has proven itself for many applications.
  • Very soft plastics in particular are preferably cryogenically milled, ie at very low temperatures, since they have a higher strength in this temperature range.
  • liquid nitrogen in the grinding process however, the economic viability is very quickly put into question.
  • the particle shape obtainable during the grinding process is very irregular, for example fibrous, hedgehog-shaped or fissured.
  • a further possibility for the production of plastic powders is provided by spraying processes. In the known processes, however, mostly melts or liquids with very low viscosities, of the order of magnitude of the viscosity of water, are required.
  • DE 197 58 111 discloses a process for producing fine powders with a preferably spherical shape by atomizing melts with gases, in which the melt flows out of a melt nozzle and then passes through an initially converging and then diverging, laminar-flow gas nozzle with an atomizing gas.
  • the melt flows through the action of gravity in the form of a film from the melt nozzle with an essentially rectangular exit cross section and is then passed together with the atomizing gas through the gas nozzle with an essentially rectangular cross section in the form of a linear Laval nozzle such that the laminar, accelerated gas flow In the convergent part of the Laval nozzle, the melt film is stabilized and at the same time stretched until the melt film is atomized evenly over its entire length after passing through the narrowest cross section.
  • a metal, a metal alloy, a salt, a salt mixture or a meltable plastic can be used as the melt.
  • the particle size is given as approximately 10 ⁇ m for the atomization of molten metal.
  • a viscous starting mass is produced in at least one extruder, the starting mass is sprayed into melt droplets in an atomizing device connected inline with the extruder, and the melt droplets become inline with the atomizing device connected cooling device cooled so far that powder particles formed from the melt droplets have essentially no surface tack.
  • the device for producing a powder containing at least one plastic, in particular PVC-free, according to claim 37, which is optionally related to claim 1 or one of the claims dependent on claim 1, comprises at least one extruder for producing a starting material, at least one inline with the extruder connected spraying device for spraying the starting mass and at least one cooling device connected inline with the spraying device for producing the powder.
  • a main advantage of the method according to the invention is that the targeted cooling of the sprayed starting material or the melt droplets in the cooling device until the powder particles produced no longer have any surface stickiness, the powder properties, for example very fine particles with a narrow particle size distribution, very set exactly let len.
  • the thermal conductivity of plastics is very low compared to the thermal conductivity of metals.
  • Thermosets and thermoplastics have a coefficient of thermal conductivity between 1.47 and 0.37 kj / (mh K), while copper and aluminum, on the other hand, have a much higher one at 1344 kj / (mh K) and 1050 kj / (mh K) Thermal conductivity (plastic compendium, Adolf Franck, 5th edition, Würzburg, Vogel Verlag, 2000).
  • the plastic melt droplets produced in a spray nozzle therefore cool down very slowly under the same ambient conditions, in contrast to droplets produced from a metal melt, which solidify into powder particles very quickly after exiting the nozzle, and the particles have a sticky surface for a very long time.
  • Controlled cooling of the plastic-containing powder particles is carried out by using the cooling device connected inline with the atomizing device, so that the powder particles do not stick together or cake on their way from the atomizing device (or: high-pressure atomization) to the discharge from the device.
  • the powder properties can be varied in the cooling device on the one hand by the design and on the other hand by the temperature control.
  • the process is carried out inline has the further advantage that the starting mass produced in the extruder, which usually leaves the extruder in a plasticized and homogenized state, does not have to be treated again in the spraying device before processing, for example heated to a high degree or even melted. This can save energy, for example.
  • the method according to the invention can usually prevent the starting mass from having to be homogenized again. For example, in the case of a starting mass consisting of several components, for example a compound composed of plastics, fillers and additives, segregation can easily occur when stored or standing for a long time.
  • the extruder inline with the atomizing device can also be used as a pressure-generating device which builds up a pressure for conveying the starting mass through the device and through the atomizing device. In this way, even forth viscous starting masses are fed into the atomization device as a uniform melt flow.
  • the invention also enables high production outputs at low costs.
  • the starting mass in the atomizing device is sprayed with a atomizing gas through a spray nozzle.
  • Spraying with a atomizing gas enables plastic masses of higher viscosity to be broken down into very fine drops of melt.
  • a high pressure gradient is generated via the spray nozzle, which helps the viscous starting mass to be broken down into fine drops of melt.
  • the drop size can be adjusted via the height of the pressure gradient, the properties of the starting mass (e.g. temperature, composition) and the subsequent cooling device can influence the drop shape, so that, for example, either approximately spherical or approximately fibrous powder particles are produced.
  • a spray nozzle can preferably be a converging Laval nozzle or a two-substance nozzle with an inner flow channel for the starting mass and a preferably converging outer flow channel for the atomizing gas, which diverges from the smallest nozzle cross section.
  • the atomizing gas is first accelerated when flowing through the convergent part of the Laval nozzle, since the flow channel cross-section decreases (continuity line V ⁇ -mg).
  • the atomizing gas can then accelerate and / or reduce its thickness by transferring kinetic energy to the surface of the starting mass flowing through the Laval nozzle, which is usually in the form of a melt film.
  • the viscous starting mass behaves in the gas flow field of the atomizing gas like a foreign body carried along. For this purpose, it is advantageous to provide a correspondingly large amount of atomizing gas in relation to the starting mass.
  • the flow velocity of the atomizing gas in the Laval nozzle is now set so that the atomizing gas reaches the speed of sound in the smallest cross section of the Laval nozzle, the speed normally increases further in the diverging part of the Laval nozzle.
  • the atomizing gas therefore flows at supersonic speed and the atomizing gas pressure drops sharply again.
  • the gas particles can then no longer stabilize the melt film and the starting mass is broken up.
  • the melt droplets in the resulting droplet jet are then formed into spheres, for example by the surface tension, and solidify in the cooling device as powder particles, preferably of a substantially spherical shape.
  • the flow behavior of the atomizing gas in the Laval nozzle can be influenced by geometric factors such as the ratio of the length of the spray nozzle to its inside diameter or by the pressure on the inlet side and on the outlet side of the Laval nozzle.
  • the ratio of the length of the spray nozzle to its inner diameter for example, mainly affects the flow type (laminar or turbulent) in the narrowest cross section of the nozzle.
  • a further advantage that the atomizing gas with the starting mass is passed through the Laval nozzle is that the stabilization of the melt film of the starting mass by the atomizing gas prevents the melt from splashing onto the inner wall of the Laval nozzle, as a result of which blockages in the spray nozzle can be avoided.
  • the starting mass or melt is guided in the inner flow channel and the atomizing gas flows through the outer flow channel, which generally runs in a ring around the inner flow channel.
  • the atomizing gas flows into the outer flow channel at high pressure. If the two-component nozzle has an outer flow channel converging in the direction of flow, the atomizing gas is additionally accelerated. In a smallest cross-section of the outer flow channel, for example the outlet opening, the atomizing gas can then reach a maximum speed of sound.
  • a turbulent atomizing gas flow can also be generated.
  • the atomizing gas After exiting the outer flow channel, the atomizing gas then hits the starting mass flowing out of the inner flow channel and breaks it up into melt droplets.
  • the size of the melt droplets depends both on the properties of the initial mass (e.g. temperature, composition) as well as on the energy content (e.g. flow velocity) and the flow behavior (e.g. turbulent or laminar) of the atomizing gas emerging.
  • the outer flow channel of the two-substance nozzle has the shape of a converging Laval nozzle that diverges from a smallest nozzle cross section. If the flow rate of the atomizing gas in the Laval nozzle is then set such that the atomizing gas in the smallest cross-section of the Laval nozzle reaches the speed of sound, the atomizing gas in the diverging part of the Laval nozzle or the outer flow channel is accelerated to supersonic speed and can, for example, also flow out of the flow channel at supersonic speed , In this case, the energy released during post-compression, when the atomizing gas adjusts to the ambient level after exiting the Laval nozzle, can be used to spray the initial mass flow.
  • the starting mass is led out of the extruder into the atomizing device via a feed nozzle.
  • the delivery nozzle can pass directly into the inner flow channel of the two-substance nozzle.
  • the delivery nozzle then either continues into the inner flow channel or is releasably or non-releasably connected to it.
  • the starting mass can preferably be conveyed via the delivery nozzle and / or the inner flow channel of the two-substance nozzle into a prechamber in the atomizing device, into which the atomizing gas flows.
  • the atomizing gas hits the starting mass in the antechamber before it emerges together with the latter from the atomizing device.
  • the melt droplets are generally generated when the starting material and atomizing gas emerge from the atomizing device.
  • the Laval nozzle forms the outlet opening from the atomization device, and the prechamber is then preferably arranged upstream of the Laval nozzle in the direction of flow.
  • the prechamber can also be omitted for the two-component nozzle. The atomizing gas and the starting mass then meet only after they have emerged from the atomizing device or from the spray nozzle.
  • the viscous starting mass is first produced in the extruder, that is to say the starting product (s), at least one plastic, generally in the form of granules, and if necessary liquid or solid additives are mixed and / or melted in the extruder.
  • This process is also known as plasticizing.
  • the product from the extruder ie the starting mass for the powder manufacturing process, is then ideally available as an approximately homogeneous mass.
  • This homogeneous starting mass is then conveyed or directed into the atomizing device connected inline with the extruder via the conveying nozzle.
  • the necessary delivery pressure can be generated, for example, by the extruders of a screw extruder.
  • the extruder and / or the feed nozzle and / or the prechamber and / or the spray nozzle, ⁇ n / or little least a gas supply device can be heated. It is possible for the starting mass to be plasticized in the extruder at a lower temperature and to be heated in the feed nozzle to the processing temperature in the atomizing device or to higher temperatures. Furthermore, it is possible to heat the starting mass, the extruder and the feed nozzle and / or the prechamber and / or the spray nozzle to the same temperature which may possibly correspond to a processing temperature of the starting mass in the atomizing device. If the flowability of the starting material for its transport to the spray nozzle is to be improved, it can be heated to temperatures above the processing temperature both in the extruder and in the feed nozzle.
  • the prechamber and / or the spray nozzle and / or the at least one gas supply device is or are cooled. If, for example, the starting mass in the extruder and / or in the feed nozzle is heated to temperatures above the processing temperature in the spray nozzle, it must be cooled to the desired temperature in the prechamber and / or in the spray nozzle.
  • the extruder and / or the feed nozzle and / or the pre-chamber and / or the spray nozzle and / or the at least one gas supply device are or are preferably heated to temperatures between 150 ° C. and 500 ° C., in particular between 200 ° C. and 300 ° C. heated.
  • the processing temperature of the starting material is then within these temperature intervals, depending on its composition and the desired particle properties.
  • air or a noble gas preferably argon or helium, or nitrogen is used as the atomizing gas.
  • the use of air as the atomizing gas is particularly inexpensive.
  • nitrogen or noble gases is that, depending on the plastic composition, they are inert towards the plastic, i.e. usually none Reactions with the initial mass occur.
  • the suitable atomizing gas is to be selected in individual cases depending on the composition of the starting material.
  • the atomizing gas is introduced into the atomizing device at room temperature or elevated temperature, in particular between 30 ° C. and 500 ° C., preferably between 200 ° C. and 300 ° C., in particular at approximately 290 ° C.
  • the atomizing gas can, for example, be heated to the desired temperature in the heatable gas supply device. If the temperature of the atomizing gas is higher than the room temperature, the starting mass can also be heated by the atomizing gas.
  • the atomizing gas is introduced into the atomizing device at a temperature which essentially corresponds to the temperature of the starting mass emerging from the conveying nozzle. This ensures an even temperature distribution in the starting mass.
  • the atomizing gas is cooler than the starting mass, there is a risk that it cools down in an edge region of the melt film and forms a skin, if the atomizing gas is much warmer than the starting mass, the melt in the edge region of the melt film is very likely to become more liquid when it comes into contact with the atomizing gas are at the core, which can result in an uneven droplet size distribution after the spray nozzle.
  • the ⁇ ⁇ ground gas flows at a flow angle (or: inflow angle) between 15 ° and 85 °, preferably at a flow angle between 45 ° and 60 °, to the starting mass emerging from the delivery nozzle.
  • the atomizing gas preferably flows into the prechamber at this flow angle or, in particular in the case of a two-substance nozzle without a prechamber, out of an outlet opening of the outer flow channel of the two-substance nozzle.
  • the inflow of the atomizing gas into the prechamber of the Laval nozzle at such a flow angle to the starting mass has the consequence that the melt film of the starting mass is stabilized and the stabilized melt film with the atomizing gas enters the Laval nozzle.
  • this flow angle or inflow angle can be advantageous in order to achieve a division of the starting mass flow into melt droplets of the desired size.
  • the atomizing gas has a higher flow rate than the starting mass.
  • the faster flowing gas particles then enclose and stabilize the melt film, the starting mass from both sides.
  • the initial mass or the melt film emerging from the delivery nozzle or from the inner flow channel can be guided through the gas stream out of the atomization device and / or optionally stretched.
  • the atomizing gas reaches the speed of sound in the smallest Laval nozzle cross section or in the smallest cross section of the outer flow channel of the two-substance nozzle.
  • the atomizing gas is accelerated to supersonic speed when the nozzle then expands further.
  • the spray nozzle designed as a Laval nozzle the atomizing gas is then no longer able to stabilize the melt film of the starting mass due to the greatly falling pressure, so that it is broken down into very fine droplets.
  • the supersonic flow or flow at the speed of sound when the outer flow channel has the narrowest nozzle cross section at the outlet opening, provides a great deal of energy for atomizing the starting mass.
  • the atomizing gas can preferably flow through the spray nozzle in a laminar manner or with a flow with an essentially laminar character or preferably in a turbulent manner.
  • the atomizer solution gas flows through the Laval nozzle with a flow with an essentially laminar character in order to achieve the effect of the supersonic flow.
  • a turbulent flow is preferred in the two-fluid nozzle.
  • the pressure in the prechamber and / or in the outer flow channel is preferably higher than on an outlet side of the spray nozzle, in particular at least twice. preferably at least 12 times as high.
  • the pressure of the atomizing gas in the prechamber and / or in the outer flow channel is preferably between 1 and 50 bar.
  • the pressure in the prechamber and / or in the outer flow channel and / or the pressure on the outlet side of the spray nozzle and / or the temperature of the starting mass are set such that a powder is formed from the starting mass with a grain size of less than 300 ⁇ m or less than 50 ⁇ m or less than 20 ⁇ m or less than 1 ⁇ m.
  • a spray tower is used as the cooling device.
  • the starting mass is preferably sprayed vertically into the cooling tower from above via the spray nozzle in the direction of gravity.
  • the drops then cool down on their way towards the spray tower base to form powder particles.
  • a spray tube with at least one suction opening for sucking in cooling medium preferably according to the Venturi principle, is used as the cooling device.
  • the starting mass is then sprayed vertically from the top to the top via the spray nozzle sprayed into the spray tube at the bottom or in the horizontal direction. Only through the atomizing gas flow in the spray tube can a cooling medium be sucked in via the at least one suction opening, which flows around the melt droplets and cools to powder particles.
  • an additional cooling medium can be fed into the spray tube or the spray tube can be cooled by an internal and / or external cooling device.
  • Ambient air, nitrogen, cooled air or cooled nitrogen can advantageously be used as the cooling medium for the cooling devices spray tower and spray tube.
  • the cooling medium can flow in cocurrent to the melt droplets or in countercurrent to the melt droplets through the cooling device.
  • the cooling medium and the shape of the powder particles can be influenced by the cooling medium.
  • the powder produced in the cooling device is then preferably separated from the atomizing gas in a powder separation device, in particular a cyclone, and / or conveyed away in a powder discharge device, in particular a screw discharge device.
  • a powder separation device in particular a cyclone
  • a powder discharge device in particular a screw discharge device.
  • the powder separation device and the powder discharge device can be integrated in the cooling device, form a unit with the cooling device or can be arranged after the cooling device.
  • the powder particles produced in the cooling device are subjected to a heat treatment, in particular inline, preferably for post-treatment of the surfaces of the powder particles.
  • the heat treatment is preferably connected inline with the cooling device, so that the heat treatment can be carried out in the cooling device or directly after it.
  • the surfaces of the particles can be smoothed by the heat treatment.
  • the shape of the particles can also be influenced within certain limits by the heat treatment if, for example, a uniform or pronounced geometric shape of the particles, for example spherical shape, is desired.
  • the starting mass comprises at least one thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) and / or at least one thermoplastic, with the exception of PVC.
  • TPE thermoplastic elastomer
  • TP thermoplastics
  • a compound composed of one or more thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) and / or one or more thermoplastics (TP) and additionally at least one filler and / or at least one fluid and / or at least one additive and / or at least one can also be used as the starting material Dye are produced.
  • the thermoplastic elastomer (s) can preferably be one or more of the group of thermoplastic elastomers comprising styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS), styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) become. It is particularly advantageous if the thermoplastic (s) which are added to the starting material are polypropolylene (PP) and / or polyethylene (PE) and / or polybutylene (PB) and / or polystyrene (PS) and / or include polyethylene terephthalate (PETP) and / or polybutylene terephthalate (PBTP).
  • SEBS styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene
  • SBS styrene-butadiene-styrene
  • TPU thermoplastic polyurethane
  • the thermoplastic (s) which are added to the starting material are polypropoly
  • thermoplastic elastomer From 1 to 100% of thermoplastic elastomer and / or 0 to 80% of thermoplastic and / or 0 to 80% of fillers can then preferably be used for the starting material.
  • flow improvers and / or heat stabilizers and / or light stabilizers and / or aging stabilizers and / or release agents and / or anti-foaming agents and / or emulsifiers and / or fluids are preferably added to the starting material.
  • Color pigments and / or liquid color and / or Color auxiliary materials are used.
  • Talc and / or chalk and / or mineral powder and / or thermoset powder and / or glass powder and / or carbon black and / or titanium dioxide and / or CaCO 3 are preferably used as filler (s).
  • a high-pressure nozzle is connected inline with the extruder, by means of which essentially spherical Melt droplets with a diameter of substantially less than 300 ⁇ m are generated, the melt droplets are cooled inline after the high-pressure atomization in a cooling device to such an extent that they no longer have any surface stickiness, and the cooled powder is conveyed away in a powder discharge device.
  • the device for producing a powder containing at least partially plastic comprises at least one spray nozzle.
  • the spray nozzle can be designed as a converging Laval nozzle that diverges from a smallest nozzle cross-section or as a two-substance nozzle with an inner flow channel for the starting mass and an outer flow channel for the atomizing gas that essentially runs around the inner flow channel. It can also be advantageous if the outer flow channel of the two-component nozzle is in the form of a converging Laval nozzle that diverges from a smallest nozzle cross section.
  • the two-component nozzle is made in two parts from the inner flow channel and one that surrounds it Cap constructed, wherein the space between the inner flow channel and the cap forms the outer flow channel and wherein the cap has at least one gas inlet opening into the outer flow channel.
  • the cap can have an inner diameter that decreases in the direction of flow of the atomizing gas, so that the free flow cross section for the atomizing gas becomes smaller in the direction of flow and the atomizing gas is thereby accelerated.
  • the cap on its inner wall can have a projection protruding into the outer flow channel, which is shaped such that a Laval nozzle is formed in the outer flow channel with a corresponding projection on the outer wall of the inner flow channel.
  • the end of the cap is generally open at right angles to the main flow direction, that is to say in the direction in which the starting mass flows through the device.
  • the outer flow channel of the two-substance nozzle can preferably have an essentially annular cross-section and / or the inner flow channel of the two-substance nozzle can preferably have an essentially circular cross-section.
  • the inner flow channel can, however, also have a rectangular cross section, which can correspond, for example, to a delivery nozzle designed as a slot die.
  • both the outer and the inner flow channel are not limited to these cross-sectional shapes.
  • an inner surface of the outer flow channel is smooth or has swirl-generating and / or flow-disturbing devices.
  • Swirl-generating and / or flow-disturbing devices can be indentations or elevations in the form of slits or webs which are made in the inner wall of the cap or in the outer wall of the inner flow channel.
  • the slots or webs can be parallel or at a predetermined angle to the direction of flow of the atomizing gas or spiral around the inner wall of the cap or outer wall of the inner. Flow channel run.
  • cap and the outer wall of the inner flow channel may be connected to a web which has through-openings for the atomizing gas which are parallel or at a predetermined angle to the flow direction of the atomizing gas run. These measures produce a swirl flow and / or a turbulent flow. If the inner wall of the outer flow channel is smooth, the atomizing gas will flow through the flow channel essentially in a laminar manner.
  • a single-screw or a double-screw extruder can preferably be provided in the device as the extruder.
  • a delivery nozzle through which the starting mass reaches the atomizing device.
  • the conveying nozzle can in particular be designed as a slot die if the starting mass is to be conveyed into a Laval nozzle.
  • the starting mass is then introduced into the atomizing device as a narrow melt film.
  • the delivery nozzle preferably has a substantially rectangular exit opening for the starting mass. If the starting mass is to be conveyed into a two-substance nozzle, the conveying nozzle preferably continues into the inner melt channel of the two-substance nozzle.
  • the feed nozzle can then preferably have a circular or a rectangular cross section or can also be designed as a slot die.
  • the atomization device comprises a prechamber into which the atomization gas flows and which is arranged in the flow direction in front of an outlet opening of the atomization device.
  • the starting mass is brought together with the atomizing gas before they flow together out of the atomizing device.
  • the prechamber is preferably approximately cylindrical, but it can also have any other suitable geometric shape and has only one opening for the starting mass and one or more openings for the atomizing gas and an outlet opening from the atomizing device.
  • the outlet mass flow preferably enters the antechamber on the side opposite the outlet opening, so that it can be passed through the outlet opening without being deflected.
  • the Laval nozzle forms the outlet opening from the atomization device.
  • the pressure required for the pressure gradient via the Laval nozzle is set in the antechamber.
  • the design of the essentially closed prechamber has the advantage that a high pressure in front of the spray nozzle can be generated with relatively little effort and a relatively small amount of gas. Furthermore, the melt film is stabilized and stretched in the antechamber before it enters the Laval nozzle.
  • the size of the prechamber can be predetermined or specified by a distance in the direction of flow between an outlet opening of the outer flow channel and an outlet opening of the inner flow channel, in particular by moving or rotating the cap or by moving or rotating the inner flow channel , If the outlet opening of the outer flow channel and the outlet opening of the inner flow channel are set to the same height, that is to say the distance between the outlet openings is zero, then the antechamber and the atomizing gas flow and the outlet mass flow meet outside of the atomizing device.
  • the delivery nozzle and / or the inner flow channel preferably tapers in the direction of flow. It is thereby achieved that the starting mass is pressed out of the delivery nozzle or the inner flow channel at a higher pressure or higher speed, as a result of which a more stable melt film is produced.
  • the atomization device comprises gas supply devices in order to guide the atomization gas inside the atomization device to the melt flow of the starting material.
  • the gas supply devices can preferably have gas inlet openings into the prechamber which are oriented such that the atomizing gas is at a flow angle between 15 ° and 85 °, preferably between 45 ° and 60 °, flows into the prechamber to the starting mass emerging from the delivery nozzle.
  • the gas inlet opening into the antechamber then corresponds to the outlet opening of the outer flow channel.
  • the conveying nozzle projects with part of its total length into the antechamber of the spray nozzle designed as a Laval nozzle. This prevents the initial mass emerging from the delivery nozzle from flowing along the inner wall of the prechamber.
  • the inner wall of the pre-chamber preferably has an incline from a certain distance from the delivery nozzle in the direction of the end of the delivery nozzle protruding into the pre-chamber with an angle of inclination ⁇ to the starting mass emerging from the delivery nozzle. This ensures that the atomizing gas emerging from the gas inlet openings is directed directly to the outlet mass emerging from the delivery nozzle in order to flow around it.
  • the angle of inclination preferably corresponds to the flow angle of the atomizing gas.
  • the gas inlet openings are then preferably located opposite the spray nozzle, at a certain distance from the delivery nozzle on the inner wall of the prechamber, but not in the area of the inner wall inclined at an angle of inclination.
  • the extruder and / or the feed nozzle have or have at least one heating device in order to heat the output mass flow, so that it remains conveyable on the one hand on its way into the spray device and / or on the other hand that for the Spraying process maintains and / or reaches the intended viscosity.
  • the prechamber and / or the spray nozzle and / or the at least one gas supply device has or has at least one heating device and / or at least one cooling device. The temperature in the entire device can thus be optimally adjusted.
  • the sum of the cross-sectional areas of all gas inlet openings into the antechamber is larger, in particular at least twice as large, preferably five times as large, as a smallest Laval nozzle cross-sectional area of the spray nozzle designed as a Laval nozzle.
  • the Laval nozzle cross-sectional area itself is preferably essentially rectangular.
  • the melt film emerging from the feed nozzle or wide slot nozzle can then enter the rectangular Laval nozzle unhindered.
  • Another advantage of the rectangular Laval nozzle cross section is that an increase in the capacity of the device or a scale-up from the laboratory or pilot plant scale, for example by lengthening the Laval nozzle along the longitudinal axis of the rectangular cross-sectional area, is relatively easy.
  • the rectangular cross section has the advantage that a more uniform energy input into the starting mass for spraying can take place.
  • the smallest Laval nozzle cross-sectional area is larger, in particular up to 500 times, preferably 20 times larger, than the cross-sectional area of an outlet opening of the delivery nozzle.
  • the sum of the cross-sectional areas of all gas inlet openings in the cap of the two-component nozzle and the cross-sectional areas of the outer flow channel is larger, in particular at least twice as large, preferably five times as large as a cross-sectional area of the outlet opening of the outer flow channel.
  • the smallest cross-sectional area of the outlet opening of the outer flow channel of the two-substance nozzle is larger, in particular up to 500 times, preferably about 20 times larger, than the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening of the inner flow channel of the two-substance nozzle. This ensures that there is a large amount of atomizing gas in relation to the starting mass emerging from the inner melt channel, so that optimal atomization can take place.
  • a spray tower is provided as the cooling device for cooling the starting mass sprayed with the spray nozzle.
  • a cooling medium can also enter the cooling device via inlet openings in the spray tower, or an external cooling device can be provided for cooling the spray tower.
  • a spray tube with at least one suction opening is provided as the cooling device for the suction of cooling medium, preferably according to the Venturi principle.
  • the at least one suction opening is preferably designed as a bore and / or slot and / or gap, the gap preferably being formed by overlapping two tube parts of the spray tube of different sizes, which are fastened with spacers.
  • the pipe adjoining the spray device is preferably smaller in diameter than a pipe of the spray pipe that partially overlaps it.
  • the cooling medium may as well as' flow in the spray tower in the spray tube in co-current to the molten droplets or in countercurrent to the melt droplets through the cooling device.
  • a powder separation device preferably a cyclone, and / or a powder discharge device, preferably a screw discharge device, is or is preferably provided in the cooling device or after it.
  • the at least partially plastic, in particular PVC-free powder in particular produced by the method according to one or more of claims 1 or one of the claims dependent on claim 1, in particular with the aid of the device according to claim 37 or one of the claims dependent on claim 37 Claims used according to claim 63 for the production of a paste or suspension, the powder being mixed with a fluid, in particular a natural vegetable oil or a petroleum derivative or a paraffinic white oil, in particular in a vacuum mixer, and wherein from 5 to 90% Paste or suspension proportions of fluid is used.
  • a fluid in particular a natural vegetable oil or a petroleum derivative or a paraffinic white oil, in particular in a vacuum mixer, and wherein from 5 to 90% Paste or suspension proportions of fluid is used.
  • finely ground silica is also added to the powder.
  • the suspension can then preferably be used to produce a PVC-free toy, technical objects, in particular bellows or car door backrests or seals or conveyor belts, leisure or sports articles, in particular balls or gloves, consumer articles, in particular garden gnomes or other figures, or hygiene articles or packaging or Tarpaulins or floor coverings or underbody protection layers or coatings of textiles or glass fabrics or of tool handles or hangers or garden fence wires are used.
  • the powders produced with the invention are particularly suitable for further processing to give good-flowing pastes or suspensions which replace the PVC plastisols which have hitherto been used mainly for the production of plastic parts.
  • the PVC plastisols are a plasticizer in a proportion of up to admit over 50%.
  • These PVC plastisols are used, for example, for rotationally cast hollow bodies in various areas such as bellows, car door backs, etc. in the technical area, as balls etc. in the leisure or sports area, or in the consumer area as garden gnomes or figures in general, etc., in the hygiene area or in the toy area as dolls or doll parts.
  • the powder produced by the process according to the invention can be processed into a suspension which can be processed in the same or similar production processes as the PVC plastisols, for example in a rotary casting process.
  • FIG 1 shows an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a modified embodiment of the device according to FIG. 1
  • 3 shows a further, modified embodiment of the device according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a modified embodiment of the device according to FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional illustration of a device according to the invention, with an extruder 10 and a spraying device 11 and a cooling device 12 connected in series in line.
  • a single-screw or twin-screw extruder can preferably be used as extruder 10.
  • the starting mass 20 is produced and plasticized in the extruder 10. From there, the starting mass 20 reaches a delivery nozzle 15 which is designed as a wide slot nozzle.
  • the pressure for conveying the starting mass 20 out of the extruder and through the device can be generated by the extruder screws, a punch, slide, piston or by a gas cushion.
  • the starting mass 20 then enters the atomizing device 11, specifically into a prechamber 16 of a Laval nozzle 13.
  • the starting mass is formed into a thin melt film.
  • a atomizing gas 21 is blown into the antechamber 16 via gas supply devices 27.
  • Gas inlet openings 28 in the pre-chamber 16 are arranged on the side of the pre-chamber 16 opposite the Laval nozzle and are oriented such that the atomizing gas 21 strikes the outlet mass 20 emerging from the outlet opening 26 at a flow angle ⁇ of approximately 45 °.
  • the melt film is guided very well stabilized through the antechamber 16 into the Laval nozzle 13.
  • the inner wall of the pre-chamber 16 is inclined in a region adjacent to the delivery nozzle 15 to the end of the delivery nozzle 15 protruding into the pre-chamber 16.
  • the inclination angle ß corresponds essentially to the flow angle ⁇ of the atomizing gas 21 of approximately 45 °. In this way, the atomizing gas 21 is conducted along the inner wall of the pre-chamber 16 to the exit mass 20 emerging from the outlet opening.
  • the atomizing gas 21 reaches the speed of sound. Due to the resulting pressure drop on an outlet side 17 of the Laval nozzle 13, the melt film then disintegrates into fine melt droplets which are cooled to powder particles in the cooling device 12, which is designed as a spray tower 18 in this device.
  • the starting mass is sprayed vertically into the spray tower 18 in the direction of gravity. The drops fall down due to gravity and cool down to powder particles.
  • the extruder 10 and the slot die 15 are equipped with heating devices (not shown here). In the spray tower 18 can
  • Supply openings for a cooling medium and internal cooling devices for example a cooling coil or a cooling register, can be introduced (not shown here).
  • a cooling device can also be provided on the outside (likewise not shown here) of the spray tower 18, the heat conduction then takes place through the wall of the spray tower 18.
  • FIG. 2 also shows a sectional illustration of a modified device according to FIG. 1.
  • An extruder 10 is connected in series with a spray device 11 and a cooling device 12.
  • a spray tube 19 is used here as the cooling device 12.
  • the entire device is aligned horizontally here.
  • the starting mass 20 passes from the extruder 10 into a feed nozzle 15 designed as a slot die. From the rectangular outlet opening 26, the starting mass 20 then enters the prechamber 16 of the Laval nozzle 13 as a thin melt film.
  • a spray gas 21 is blown into the prechamber 16 in the prechamber, as in the device shown in FIG.
  • the gas inlet openings 28 are also aligned here so that the atomizing gas 21 in a ne flow angle ⁇ of about 45 ° to the exit mass 20 emerging from the outlet opening 26 impinges on it and the exit mass 20 passes through the Laval nozzle 13.
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ of the inner wall of the prechamber 16 in turn essentially corresponds to the flow angle ⁇ of the atomizing gas (cf. FIG. 1).
  • the spray tube 19 has a suction opening 23 on its periphery for the entry of a cooling medium 22.
  • the suction opening 23 is designed as an annular gap, which is formed in that a part of the spray tube 19 adjacent to a powder separation device 24 has a larger diameter than a part of the spray tube 19 adjacent to the atomizing device. Both spray tube parts overlap, so that they form a concentric annular gap, which serves as a suction opening 23.
  • cooling medium is sucked in through the suction opening 23 by the atomizing gas 21 flowing past.
  • This effect can also be supported by reducing the internal pressure in the spray tube 19, e.g. by a suction fan connected to the cyclone.
  • Additional feed openings for a cooling medium and internal cooling devices for example a cooling coil or a cooling register, can be introduced into the spray tube 19 (not shown here).
  • a cooling device can also be provided on the outside (likewise not shown here) of the spray tube 19.
  • the powder particles leave the spray tube 19 into the powder separation device 24 connected to it, which is designed here as a cyclone.
  • the powder is separated from the atomizing gas 21 and removed.
  • Example 1 describes the production of a powder using the method according to the invention in the device shown in FIG.
  • a mixture of 70% SEBS, 10% polypropylene, 5% talc, 10% fluid and 5% other additives and dyes is plasticized and homogenized in extruder 10.
  • the melt leaves as a melt film from the outlet opening 26 of the slot die 15 at a temperature of 270 ° C.
  • the outlet opening 26 of the slot die 15 has the dimensions 0.5 mm ⁇ 10 mm.
  • air is blown into the prechamber 16 as atomizing gas 21 at 200 ° C. and approximately 20 bar.
  • the dimensions of the gas inlet opening 28 of the right and left gas supply device 27 into the antechamber 16 are each 20 mm ⁇ 10 mm in cross section.
  • the air takes the melt film with it and guides it through the Laval nozzle 13.
  • the Laval nozzle 13 has the smallest cross-section dimensions 20 mm x 5 mm.
  • the diverging and converging area of the Laval nozzle 13 is achieved by a curvature of the inner wall of the Laval nozzle in a radius of 10 mm. In the smallest nozzle cross section 14 of the Laval nozzle 13, the air reaches the speed of sound.
  • the melt in the diverging area of the Laval nozzle 13 is sprayed into melt droplets of a size of approximately 20 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the melt droplets fall freely into the spray tower 18 and form spheres during the free fall due to the surface tension.
  • the beads cool down to such an extent that they are no longer tacky on their surfaces and are removed at the end of the spray tower 18 by a powder discharge device 25.
  • Example 2 describes the production of a powder using the method according to the invention in the device shown in FIG.
  • a mixture of 40% SEBS, 30% polypropylene, 10% talc, 10% fluid and 10% other additives and dyes is compounded and homogenized in extruder 10.
  • the melt leaves the outlet opening 26 of the slot die 15 as a melt film.
  • the melt has a temperature of 290 ° C.
  • the outlet opening 26 of the slot die 15 has the dimensions 1 mm x 20 mm.
  • Air is blown into the prechamber 16 as a atomizing gas at 150 ° C. and approximately 20 bar through the gas supply device 27.
  • the dimensions of the gas inlet opening 28 of the right and left air supply into the antechamber are each 40 mm ⁇ 10 mm in cross section.
  • the air takes the melt film with it and guides it through the Laval nozzle 13.
  • the Laval nozzle 13 in the smallest Laval nozzle cross section 14 measures 32 mm x 6 mm.
  • the diverging and converging area of the Laval nozzle is achieved by curving the inner wall of the Laval nozzle within a radius of 10 mm. In the smallest Laval nozzle cross-section 14, the air reaches the speed of sound.
  • the melt in the diverging area of the Laval nozzle 13 is sprayed into melt droplets of a size of approximately 20 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the melt droplets are blown into a spray tube 19, which is arranged downstream of the Laval nozzle 13, and form into spheres during the flight due to the surface tension.
  • the two pipes overlap by approx. 100 mm.
  • FIG. 3 shows a sectional representation of a further modified embodiment of a device according to the invention, with an extruder 10 and an inline connection of a spray device 11 and a cooling device 12. In the device shown in FIG.
  • the spray nozzle in the spray device 11 is a two-substance nozzle 29 with a inner flow channel 30 for an output mass 20 produced in the extruder 10 and an outer flow channel 31 for a atomizing gas 21.
  • the two-component nozzle is made up of two parts.
  • a cap 33 with at least one gas inlet opening in the outer flow channel 31 is placed over the inner flow channel 30. The outer flow channel 31 is thus formed between the cap 33 and the inner flow channel 30.
  • a single-screw or twin-screw extruder can in turn be used as extruder 10.
  • the starting mass 20 is produced and plasticized in the extruder 10. From there, the starting mass 20 arrives in a delivery nozzle 15, which continues into the inner flow channel 30 of the two-substance nozzle 29.
  • the pressure to convey the starting mass 20 out of the extruder and through the device can be generated by the extruder screws.
  • the atomizing gas 21 is guided through a gas supply device 27 into the outer flow channel 31, which is designed to converge in the direction of flow of the atomizing gas 21.
  • the two-component nozzle shown in FIG. 3 has no prechamber in which the starting mass 20 and the atomizing gas 21 are brought together.
  • a prechamber could, however, be easily formed by advancing the cap 33 in the main flow direction, that is, in the flow direction of the starting mass 20 in the device.
  • the outlet opening 34 would then also shift in the main flow direction.
  • the atomizing gas 21 In a smallest cross section 32 of the outer flow channel 31, the atomizing gas 21 reaches the speed of sound. The atomizing gas 21 then flows at a flow angle .alpha. Of approximately 45.degree. Opening 34 emerging starting mass 20. Due to the pressure and the flow rate as well as the flow angle of the atomizing gas 21, the melt film is divided into very fine droplets, which are cooled to powder particles in the cooling device 12, which is designed as a spray tower 18 in this device.
  • the starting mass 20 is sprayed vertically in the device shown in FIG. 3 in the direction of gravity into the spray tower 18, which corresponds to the spray tower described in FIG. The drops fall down due to gravity and cool down to powder particles.
  • the extruder 10 and the feed nozzle 15 are equipped with heating devices (not shown here).
  • FIG. 4 likewise shows a sectional illustration of a modified device according to FIG. 3.
  • the device in FIG. 4 differs from the device described in FIG. 3 in that a spray tube 19 is used as the cooling device and the entire device is oriented horizontally.
  • An extruder 10 is connected in series with a atomizing device 11 and a cooling device 12.
  • the starting mass 20 passes from the extruder 10 into the conveying nozzle 15, which continues into an inner flow channel 30 of a two-component nozzle 29.
  • the structure of the two-substance nozzle 29 in FIG. 4 with the inner flow channel 30 for an initial mass 20 produced in the extruder 10 and an outer flow channel 31 for a atomizing gas 21 is identical to that of the two-substance nozzle 29 described in FIG. 3.
  • the atomizing gas 21 is guided through a gas supply device 27 into the outer flow channel 31, which is designed to converge in the direction of flow of the atomizing gas 21.
  • the two-component nozzle shown in FIG. 4 likewise has no prechamber.
  • the atomizing gas 21 reaches the speed of sound.
  • the atomizing gas 21 then flows at a flow angle ⁇ of approximately 45 ° to the outlet opening 34 - the starting mass 20.
  • the pressure and the flow rate as well as the flow angle of the atomizing gas 21 break the melt film into very fine droplets which are cooled to powder particles in the cooling device 12, which is designed as a spray tube 19 in this device.
  • the spray tube 19 is comparable to the spray tube 19 described in FIG.
  • the powder particles leave the spray tube 19 into the powder separation device 24 connected to it, which is designed here as a cyclone. In the cyclone, the powder is separated from the atomizing gas 21 and removed.
  • Example 3 describes the production of a powder using the method according to the invention in the device shown in FIG.
  • An extruder 10 plasticizes and homogenizes a mixture of 70% SEBS, 10% polypropylene, 5% talc, 10% fluid and 5% other additives and dyes.
  • the starting mass 20 leaves the melt channel or the inner flow channel 30 of the two-substance nozzle 29 at a temperature of 270 ° C. as a melt strand.
  • the opening of the melt channel or inner flow channel 31 has a diameter of 1.5 mm. Air is blown into the annular outer flow channel 31 at 270 ° C. and approx. 10 bar through the gas supply device.
  • the air takes the melt strand at the outlet area of the melt from the inner flow channel 30 and guides it through the outlet opening 34 of the two-substance nozzle 29.
  • the two-substance nozzle 29 has an area of approximately 1, 766 mm 2 in the smallest cross section. In this narrowest cross-section when exiting the two-substance nozzle 29, the air reaches the speed of sound.
  • the pressure and speed then atomize and atomize the melt into melt droplets of a size of approximately 20 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the melt droplets fall freely into the spray tower 18 and form spheres during the free fall due to the surface tension.
  • the beads cool down by countercurrent cooling to such an extent that they are no longer sticky to the surface and are at the end of the spray tower 18 transported away from the powder discharge 25 with a conventional screw discharge.
  • Example 4 describes the production of a powder using the method according to the invention in the device shown in FIG.
  • a mixture of 40% SEBS, 30% polypropylene, 10% talc, 10% fluid and 10% other additives and dyes is compounded and homogenized in the extruder 10.
  • the starting mass 20 leaves the melt channel or inner flow channel 30 of the two-substance nozzle 29 as a melt strand.
  • the starting mass 20 has a temperature of 290 ° C.
  • the opening of the melt channel has a diameter of 1.2 mm. Air is blown into the annular outer flow channel 31 at 250 ° C. and approximately 10 bar through the gas supply device.
  • the air takes the melt strand at the outlet area of the starting mass 20 from the inner flow channel 31 and guides it through the outlet opening 34 of the two-substance nozzle 29.
  • the two-substance nozzle 29 has an area of approximately 1.13 mm 2 in the smallest cross section. In this narrowest cross-section when exiting the two-substance nozzle 29, the air reaches the speed of sound. The pressure and the speed then atomize and atomize the melt into melt droplets with a size of approx. 10 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the melt droplets are blown into a spray tube 19, which is arranged downstream of the outlet opening 34 of the two-substance nozzle 29, and form into spheres during the flight due to the surface tension.
  • a spray tube 19 which is arranged downstream of the outlet opening 34 of the two-substance nozzle 29, and form into spheres during the flight due to the surface tension.
  • the two pipes overlap by approx. 100 mm. Due to the air flow in the spray pipe 19, cooling air is sucked in through the suction opening 23 between the smaller and larger pipe diameters. The cooling air continues to cool the beads until there is no surface stickiness there is more.
  • the spray tube 19 is about 10 m long.
  • the spray tube opens into a cyclone 24, in which the powder and the air are separated in a conventional manner. The powder and the air are discharged from the cyclone 24 separately.

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de produire une poudre contenant au moins une matière plastique et notamment exempte de PVC, selon lequel une matière de départ visqueuse est produite dans au moins une extrudeuse. Selon ledit procédé, la matière de départ est pulvérisée pour former des gouttelettes de matière fondue, dans un dispositif d'atomisation relié en direct avec l'extrudeuse. Les gouttelettes de matière fondue sont ensuite refroidies dans un dispositif de refroidissement relié en direct avec le dispositif d'atomisation, jusqu'à ce que les particules pulvérulentes produites à partir de la matière de départ ne présentent sensiblement plus d'adhésivité superficielle. L'invention concerne en outre un dispositif permettant de produire une poudre contenant au moins une matière plastique et notamment exempte de PVC, en particulier pour mettre ledit procédé en oeuvre.
PCT/EP2004/000506 2003-01-25 2004-01-22 Procede et dispositif pour produire une poudre essentiellement a base de matiere plastique, exempte de pvc WO2004067245A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10302979A DE10302979A1 (de) 2003-01-25 2003-01-25 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines PVC-freien im wesentlichen aus Kunststoff bestehenden Pulvers
DE10302979.6 2003-01-25
DE10339545A DE10339545A1 (de) 2003-08-26 2003-08-26 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines wenigstens einen Kunststoff enthaltenden Pulvers
DE10339545.8 2003-08-26

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WO2006072461A1 (fr) * 2005-01-10 2006-07-13 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Procede de production de particules de polyurethane thermoplastiques
DE202016106243U1 (de) 2016-09-21 2016-11-17 Dressler Group GmbH & Co. KG Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von pulverförmigen Kunststoffen mit möglichst kugelförmiger Struktur
WO2019052806A1 (fr) 2017-09-12 2019-03-21 Dressler Group GmbH & Co. KG Procédé et dispositif pour l'arrondissement ou la sphéronisation thermique de particules plastiques pulvérulentes
CN112496330A (zh) * 2020-11-17 2021-03-16 航天海鹰(哈尔滨)钛业有限公司 一种可调角度的雾化喷嘴
US20220016830A1 (en) * 2018-12-06 2022-01-20 Jabil Inc. Apparatus, system and method of forming polymer microspheres for use in additive manufacturing

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006072461A1 (fr) * 2005-01-10 2006-07-13 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Procede de production de particules de polyurethane thermoplastiques
DE202016106243U1 (de) 2016-09-21 2016-11-17 Dressler Group GmbH & Co. KG Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von pulverförmigen Kunststoffen mit möglichst kugelförmiger Struktur
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CN112496330A (zh) * 2020-11-17 2021-03-16 航天海鹰(哈尔滨)钛业有限公司 一种可调角度的雾化喷嘴
CN112496330B (zh) * 2020-11-17 2023-12-08 航天海鹰(哈尔滨)钛业有限公司 一种可调角度的雾化喷嘴

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