WO2004065032A1 - 金属箔チューブおよびその製造方法並びに製造装置 - Google Patents
金属箔チューブおよびその製造方法並びに製造装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004065032A1 WO2004065032A1 PCT/JP2004/000360 JP2004000360W WO2004065032A1 WO 2004065032 A1 WO2004065032 A1 WO 2004065032A1 JP 2004000360 W JP2004000360 W JP 2004000360W WO 2004065032 A1 WO2004065032 A1 WO 2004065032A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal foil
- foil tube
- tube according
- welding
- core rod
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/06—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating using roller electrodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
- B21C37/0815—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams without continuous longitudinal movement of the sheet during the bending operation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D33/00—Special measures in connection with working metal foils, e.g. gold foils
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
- B21D5/01—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves between rams and anvils or abutments
- B21D5/015—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves between rams and anvils or abutments for making tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/08—Seam welding not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups
- B23K11/082—Seam welding not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups of three-dimensional seams
- B23K11/084—Seam welding not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups of three-dimensional seams of helicoïdal seams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/08—Seam welding not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups
- B23K11/087—Seam welding not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups for rectilinear seams
- B23K11/0873—Seam welding not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups for rectilinear seams of the longitudinal seam of tubes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
- G03G15/08—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer
- G03G15/0806—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer on a donor element, e.g. belt, roller
- G03G15/0818—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer on a donor element, e.g. belt, roller characterised by the structure of the donor member, e.g. surface properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/20—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat
- G03G15/2003—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat using heat
- G03G15/2014—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat using heat using contact heat
- G03G15/2053—Structural details of heat elements, e.g. structure of roller or belt, eddy current, induction heating
- G03G15/2057—Structural details of heat elements, e.g. structure of roller or belt, eddy current, induction heating relating to the chemical composition of the heat element and layers thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G2215/00—Apparatus for electrophotographic processes
- G03G2215/06—Developing structures, details
- G03G2215/0634—Developing device
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G2215/00—Apparatus for electrophotographic processes
- G03G2215/20—Details of the fixing device or porcess
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
- Y10T29/49925—Inward deformation of aperture or hollow body wall
- Y10T29/49927—Hollow body is axially joined cup or tube
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel metal foil tube, a method for producing the same, and a production apparatus. More specifically, a new metal suitable for use in electrophotographic printers, laser beam printers (LBP), copiers, facsimile and other toner printing rolls, development rolls, and fixing rolls.
- LBP laser beam printers
- the present invention relates to a foil tube, a method for manufacturing the same, and a manufacturing apparatus. Background art
- a photosensitive drum is exposed by an image signal, and a developing device forms a toner image.
- the toner image formed on the photoreceptor drum is transferred to a recording sheet, and is further thermally fixed by a fixing device and output.
- various roll members such as the photoreceptor drum, the toner printing roll, the developing roll, the pressure roll, and the fixing roll are used.
- this roll member is formed in a cylindrical shape or a column shape, and is driven by a driving device (such as a motor).
- Metal thin-walled tubes require the high elasticity, high rigidity, and high thermal conductivity of metal.
- the ultra-thin technology enables light and sharp full-color images to achieve high rotational accuracy without vibration or rotational unevenness that adversely affects image quality. Is also required to be smooth and durable. For this reason, such metal thin-walled tubes are formed into a cylindrical shape by press working, laser welding, plasma welding, etc., from stainless steel plates and welded to form a raw tube (metal thick tube). In addition, this is added to the ultra-thin thickness by thinning techniques such as ironing, spying, drawing, and pulging (see, for example, JP-A-2002-55557). ).
- metal thin-walls that can be used as toner printing rolls, current image rolls, and fixing rolls for image forming equipment such as electrophotographic printers, laser beam printers ( LBPs ), copiers, and facsimile machines.
- LBPs laser beam printers
- copiers copiers
- facsimile machines As a method of manufacturing a tube, a method of joining a metal thin film sheet end face with a thermoplastic resin has been proposed (for example, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-280339).
- metal thin-walled tubes made by press processing, laser welding, plasma welding, etc., and processed by thinning technology for metal tubes are welded by laser welding or plasma welding.
- Hv hardness
- Hv hardness
- Rz surface roughness
- the manufacturing process is complicated and the manufacturing cost tends to be high.
- the resin film covering the metal thin film needs to be a thermoplastic resin, and a non-thermoplastic or thermosetting polyimide is used. Molding is not possible with such resins.
- resin bonding has low bonding strength and it is difficult to provide long-term durability.Particularly when used at high temperatures, bonding is performed by the load applied to the bonding part. It is not suitable for a toner baking roll, etc., for example, due to thermal embrittlement such as peeling off at the part.
- it is necessary to uniformly coat the resin on the metal thin film and there is a problem that the manufacturing cost is increased.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an extremely smooth surface, high elasticity, high rigidity, and high heat of metal without using press working, laser welding or plasma welding, thinning technology, resin materials, and the like.
- a new metal that is conductive, ultra-thin and lightweight, has high rotational accuracy without vibration and rotational unevenness that adversely affects sharp full-color image quality, and has excellent durability.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a thin tube, a method of manufacturing the same, and a manufacturing apparatus.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies on a novel metal thin-walled tube, a method for manufacturing the same, and a manufacturing apparatus in order to achieve the above-mentioned object.
- conventional press working, laser welding or plasma welding, and thinning By welding and Z or pressure welding metal foils such as stainless steel foils almost without melting without using technology or resin materials, there is no or very few molten parts, and therefore hardness may decrease.
- the present inventors have made intensive improvements without being satisfied with the novel metal foil tube obtained by the above-described novel production method and the production apparatus, and as a result, have obtained the following knowledge, and have further obtained the present invention. Made some improvements.
- the shape of the welded portion tends to be slightly irregular with respect to the metal foil base material, and the surface roughness tends to be large.
- the metal foil is welded and Z-welded in a substantially non-melting manner. Therefore, the welded portion can be finished smoothly.
- the welded portion does not have an irregular shape with respect to the foil base material, and the surface roughness can be reduced.
- the use of a soft foil material would make it easier for the two-layered part to be crushed and the electrode flaws to be reduced.
- the annealed foil is welded and / or pressed in a substantially non-molten state, and thereafter, swaging, split roller rolling, and hole die method are performed.
- swaging split roller rolling, and hole die method are performed.
- to smooth the welded part to adjust the shape and surface roughness of the welded part, and at the same time to work harden the material.
- the fatigue life of the metal foil tube can be extended.
- the work hardening is remarkable due to the formation of a martensite phase by cold working, and it can be hardened to a Vickers hardness of about 600. Ma Even if not so much, the work hardening is large even with high nitrogen stainless steel such as SUS304N1, SUS304N2, SUS316N, SUS836L and high Mn stainless steel such as SUS201 and SUS202, and Vickers hardness up to about 500 is possible. .
- Other ordinary austenitic stainless steels have been found to be capable of work hardening to a Pickers hardness of about 430, and further improved the present invention.
- a means for joining metal foils by electric resistance welding such as seam welding or matsushi seam welding, which is supposed to be welded and / or pressure-bonded in a substantially non-melting manner.
- electric resistance welding such as seam welding or matsushi seam welding, which is supposed to be welded and / or pressure-bonded in a substantially non-melting manner.
- a seam welded weld has a continuous nugget along the weld line (melted and solidified part) or an intermittent nugget at 50% or more along the weld line. It has been found that the presence thereof can stably increase the strength of the weld. That is, in almost unmelted welding and seam welding in which Z or pressure welding is performed, when a nugget is generated, a large amount of current flows even if the disk-shaped electrode (see reference numeral 32 in FIG. 6) rotates.
- the optimal ratio between the energizing time and the non-energizing time is 1/12 to 1/8, and an intermittent nugget is generated at less than 1/12 or more than 1/8 to 1/6.
- the nugget covers 50% or more of the length of the weld line even if it becomes an intermittent nugget. It turned out that there was no problem with strength.
- seam welding is performed using a pulse power supply with the ratio of energizing time to non-energizing time set to 1/15 to 1/7. The present invention was found to be necessary, and the present invention was further improved.
- the fixing roll of the printer may be scratched on the surface due to foreign matter or the like, and once scratched, there is an adverse effect on the printing result later.
- the first one is that the surface of the foil tube and the inner surface of the foil tube formed by joining metal foil by resistance welding or the like.
- At least one is a metal foil tube that has been surface hardened by a hard glazing layer.
- the second one is mainly composed of one or more metals of chromium, nickel, cobalt, and palladium in the composition of the plating layer.
- the above metal foil tube is mainly composed of one or more metals of chromium, nickel, cobalt, and palladium in the composition of the plating layer.
- the third one is the above metal foil tube in which the composition of the plating layer is a Ni_P-based alloy.
- the fourth one is an alloy containing at least one of Group 10 to 11 elements or one or more of these elements in the vicinity of at least one joint on both surfaces of the stainless steel foil, or a metal having a melting point of 1200 ° C or less. And a method of manufacturing the metal foil tube by subjecting the foil to resistance welding.
- the fifth one is the above-mentioned metal foil tube in which the composition of the plating layer is a Ni—P alloy containing 1 to 14% of P by weight and the method for producing the same.
- the sixth is a metal foil tube in which a stainless steel foil is joined or formed by resistance welding or the like and further subjected to a heat treatment at a temperature of 800 to 1100 ° C, and a method for producing the same.
- the seventh type after a foil tube formed by joining or forming a stainless steel foil by resistance welding or the like is heat-treated at a temperature of 800 to 1100 ° C, at least one of the inner and outer surfaces of the foil tube is hardly adhered. And a method for manufacturing the same.
- the metal foil is a stainless steel foil
- the stainless steel is any one of ferrite stainless steel, martensite stainless steel, austenitic stainless steel, and precipitation hardening stainless steel.
- Foil tube is any one of ferrite stainless steel, martensite stainless steel, austenitic stainless steel, and precipitation hardening stainless steel.
- the absolute value of the hardness difference between the joined or welded portion and the base material portion is not more than 25% of the hardness of the base material portion in Vickers hardness (Hv) (1).
- the metal foil tube described in any one of (1) to (10) above is subjected to cold working to reduce the wall thickness, and the joint or welded portion is smoothed to reduce the thickness of the joint.
- the metal foil is a stainless steel foil
- Ni 5 to 25 mass. /. ,.
- At least one of the joints on both surfaces of the stainless steel foil is coated with a Group 10-11 element or an alloy containing these elements, or a metal with a melting point of 1200 ° C or less.
- the metal foil tube has a welded portion having a continuous nugget along a welding line or an intermittent nugget in a portion of 50% or more along a welding line. 1) The metal foil tube according to any one of the above (25).
- the metal foil tube has a durability of 1 ⁇ 10 6 times or more in a fatigue test in which a strain of 0.2% or less is given to the metal foil tube in a cycle of 60 cycles or more of Zmin or more. 29) The metal foil tube according to any one of the above.
- Thickness 10 to: Forming step of forming a pair of opposing sides of a metal foil blank with LOC m, and welding the superposed opposing sides
- a method for producing a metal foil tube comprising:
- the metal foil base plate is held in a molding device which is always parallel to and away from the core bar, and the molding device is brought close to the core bar so that the metal foil plate and the core bar are
- the molding device further approaches the core rod, and the metal foil element is formed between the core rod and a concave portion having a semicircular cross section formed in the molding device.
- the forming step includes a stacking margin adjusting step of adjusting a stacking margin by displacing a part of a circumference of the metal foil base plate in a radial direction after the winding step.
- the welding step is the above-mentioned (32) or an electric resistance welding method. (33) The method for producing a metal foil tube according to (33).
- the electric resistance welding uses a pulse power source to set the ratio of energizing time and non-energizing time to 1/15 to 1/7 and performs seam welding.
- each of the fixed electrode member and / or the movable electrode member is made of molybdenum or an alumina-dispersed copper alloy. Tube manufacturing method.
- a metal core tube is put into the metal foil tube obtained by the method according to any of (32) to (48) above, and is further subjected to a swaging, a split roller rolling method, a hole die method, a spatula drawing method, or a combination thereof.
- the thickness of the joint or weld is reduced by smoothing the joint or weld, and the shape and surface roughness of the joint or weld are adjusted by at least the joint or weld.
- a method for producing a metal foil tube comprising: working and hardening a material.
- At least one of the two surfaces of the stainless steel foil is bonded with a Group 10-11 element or an alloy containing these elements, or a metal having a melting point of 1200 ° C or less, in the vicinity of at least one of the joints.
- a metal foil tube to which a stainless steel foil is bonded or further processed is heat-treated at a temperature of 800 to L100 ° C, and then at least one of the inner and outer surfaces of the metal foil tube is hard-plated.
- a metal characterized by having a forming portion for forming a metal foil plate having a thickness of 10 to 100 ⁇ m into a predetermined shape, and a welding portion for welding opposing sides of the metal foil plate.
- the forming section is provided with a core rod having a circular cross section perpendicular to an axis, a molding device provided so as to be able to approach and separate from the core rod, and holding a metal foil base plate; A positioning member for pressing the metal foil base plate and positioning the metal foil base plate with respect to the core bar when the metal foil base plate and the core bar come into line contact with the core bar;
- the molding device is moved so that the positioned metal foil base plate approaches the core bar, and the metal foil base plate is wound around the core bar in a U-shape in advance.
- the forming device is provided so as to be kept close to and separated from the core bar while always maintaining a parallel position, and a concave portion having a semicircular cross section around which the metal foil base plate is wound in a U-shape with the core bar.
- a first pressing member that presses one side of the U-shaped metal foil plate so as to be in close contact with the outer periphery of the core rod; and the other side of the U-shaped metal foil plate
- a second pressing member that presses toward the outer periphery of the core rod
- the forming section may form a radius of a part of the circumference of the metal foil base plate such that the overlapping margin of the overlapping portion of the opposing sides becomes a predetermined value.
- the overlap margin (X) ⁇ m is configured so as to satisfy x ⁇ 40 + 5 t as the plate thickness (t) ⁇ ni.
- the welded portion is provided on an outer surface of the core rod along an axial direction. And a movable electrode member provided so as to face the fixed electrode member, and welding is performed with the overlapped portion of the metal foil plate sandwiched between the two electrode members.
- the metal foil tube is detached from the core rod by ejecting a fluid in a radial direction from inside the core rod, and is detached from the core rod.
- the core bar is composed of a plurality of members, and a part thereof is moved in the axial direction.
- the metal foil tube manufacturing apparatus according to any one of the above (56), (57), and (66), wherein the metal foil tube is separated from the core rod by moving the core rod.
- Fig. 1 (A) is a plan view of a metal foil blank to be formed into a metal foil tube.
- FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the metal foil tube before welding.
- FIG. 1 (C) is a perspective view of a metal foil tube having a straight joining portion.
- FIG. 1 (D) is a perspective view of a metal foil tube having a spiral joining portion.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the metal foil tube manufacturing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line 4-4 in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of FIG.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view showing a welding state of the metal foil tube manufacturing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view along the axis of the core rod of the metal foil tube manufacturing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing another example of the core rod of the metal foil tube manufacturing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the present invention relates to a metal foil tube obtained by joining or welding metal foils having a thickness force S of 10 to 100 ⁇ , preferably 20 to 50 / zm.
- the metal foil tube of the present invention has high elasticity and high rigidity, which are characteristics of metal, is extremely thin and lightweight, has excellent durability, and has high thermal conductivity.
- Image formation for electrophotographic printers, laser beam printers (LBP), copiers, facsimile machines, etc. which require high rotational accuracy without vibration or uneven rotation that adversely affects sharp full-color image quality It can be applied to the toner baking port and the development port of the device.
- the surface is inevitably rough and difficult to smooth, and a surface roughness Rz of 3 ⁇ m or less could not be obtained.
- a metal foil for example, a rolled stainless steel foil is used by joining or welding, a material having a smooth surface and a surface roughness of 2 ⁇ m or less can be provided.
- the conventional method of joining to a thermoplastic resin does not provide sufficient joining strength and is inferior in durability, but in the present invention, the joining strength is sufficient because of metal joining. It has excellent properties.
- thermoplastic resin in the conventional method of joining with a thermoplastic resin, it is necessary to apply the thermoplastic resin to the surface of the metal foil so as to have a uniform thickness, resulting in high cost. Such a process is not required, the productivity is excellent, and a low-cost metal foil tube can be provided. Furthermore, it consumes less power, has excellent mechanical repetitive stress, and has excellent durability in fatigue tests, etc., has a long product life, and has thermal embrittlement even at a high operating temperature range of about 200 to 400 ° C. It is possible to provide a metal foil tube which can be suitably used for a toner baking roll or the like without causing the same and can use an alloy such as stainless steel. Further, the size and weight of image forming apparatuses such as an electrophotographic printer, a laser-beam printer (LBP), a copying machine, and a facsimile can be reduced, and energy can be saved.
- LBP laser-beam printer
- the thickness (wall thickness) of the metal foil tube of the present invention exceeds ⁇ , heat conduction becomes poor, and it takes time to start up from the energy saving mode.
- the weight increases and the thickness of the foil increases, it becomes difficult to achieve a reduction in thickness and weight, so that it is possible to sufficiently meet the demands of users and manufacturers who are seeking to reduce the size and weight. It may not be possible.
- the thinner the thickness of the stainless steel foil the better, but if it is less than 10 ⁇ m, the strength and rigidity are low and it is difficult to handle.
- the surface roughness Rz is 2 ⁇ m or less, preferably 0 :! to 1 ⁇ m. It can be. This is because, as described above, the metal foil tube can be finished by joining without impairing the surface roughness of the metal foil after rolling. The surface may be further finished after rolling if necessary. Also, if the surface roughness Rz of the metal foil after rolling is less than ⁇ . ⁇ , the cost becomes high, so it is desirable that the surface roughness Rz of the metal foil be 0.1 xm or more.
- the measurement method of the roughness Rz can be determined by the measurement method specified in JIS B0601-2001 (maximum height roughness), but is not limited thereto.
- the metal foil material used for the metal foil tube of the present invention is not particularly limited, and an optimum material may be appropriately selected according to the intended use.
- an optimum material may be appropriately selected according to the intended use.
- applications such as fixing rollers, developing rolls, and heating rolls in image forming equipment such as laser beam printers (LBP), copiers, and facsimile machines, high elasticity, high rigidity, and extremely thin
- stainless steel foil is desirable because it can provide a product that is lightweight, has excellent durability, and has high rotation accuracy without vibration or rotation unevenness that adversely affects sharp full-color image quality.
- the material is one of ferritic stainless steel, martensitic stainless steel, austenitic stainless steel, and precipitation hardening stainless steel.
- the precipitation hardening stainless steel was joined by electric resistance welding or the like to form a metal foil tube and subjected to a finishing process such as polishing, as in Example 7 described later.
- a solution heat treatment if necessary, an intermediate treatment, a precipitation hardening heat treatment, etc., can be performed to precipitate and harden to obtain high power resistance. This is advantageous in that the hardness of the welded portion can be made substantially the same, and the durability can be significantly improved.
- the solution heat treatment at this time is necessary Then, the optimum conditions such as intermediate treatment and precipitation hardening heat treatment can be selected for each stainless steel type.
- the joining technology of the present invention can be widely used for various materials from soft stainless steel to hard stainless steel depending on the purpose of use.
- the material of the metal foil tube of the present invention is not limited to these materials, and may be, for example, Fe-based superalloy, Ni and Ni alloy, Co and Co alloy, Ti and Ti alloy, Nb and Nb alloy, Zr and Zr alloy, Ta and Ta alloy can also be used.
- any one of stainless steels of ferrite stainless steel, martensite stainless steel, austenitic stainless steel, and precipitation hardening stainless steel is used.
- an original sheet an as-rolled material obtained by rolling afterwards, an annealed material obtained by performing annealing after rolling, and other materials such as a tension-twenty-two ring material are suitable, but are not limited thereto. It is not something.
- the strength of ferritic stainless steel foil specified in SUS400 series in JIS ferrite stainless steel foil such as SUSXM27 and Tp.409 series, and JIS400 stainless steel foil.
- austenitic stainless steel foil specified in JIS 200 series and 300 series austenitic stainless steel such as SUSXM7, SUSXM15J1, ⁇ .302 ⁇ , ⁇ .314, etc.
- SUS630, SUS631 and other precipitation-hardening stainless steels as one of the stainless steel sheets, and then as-rolled material obtained by performing foil rolling, and further, annealed material obtained by annealing after rolling. Precipitation treatment materials and the like can be mentioned.
- the metal foil tube of the present invention is preferably joined by electric resistance welding, and more specifically, the electric resistance welding is preferably seam welding, preferably matsushi seam welding. Further, the metal foil tube of the present invention is superior in surface smoothness as compared with the conventional thinning technology, but in order to achieve such surface smoothness, the joining portion and the base material are required. Excellent surface smoothness between parts
- the difference in hardness between the joint and the base material be 25% or less of the Vickers hardness (Hv) of the hardness of the base material.
- the electric resistance welding is seam welding, preferably matsushiu seam welding.
- seam welding which is a resistance welding method for joints performed by applying electrode pressing force, and crushing joints under strong pressure with a disk electrode
- mash seam welding which is a welding method to obtain a joint near the butt joint
- the foils at the joint are continuously crushed by moderate electrode pressure, and the joint near the butt joint Can be formed.
- the thickness of the welded portion is flattened, and it is not necessary to apply an excessive load to the joint between the foils at the time of the subsequent surface finishing, and the smooth finishing after the joining is simple and easy. Manufacturing costs can be reduced. As a result, a smooth surface (joined portion) having a low surface roughness Rz as described above can be obtained.
- the welded portion of the metal foil tube is formed into a continuous nugget (melted and solidified portion) along the weld line or a portion of 50% or more along the weld line. It is desirable to have intermittent nuggets. This is because when welding is performed by seam welding or the like which can be welded and / or pressed in a substantially non-molten state, the welded portion is formed by a continuous nugget (melted and solidified portion) along the welding line, Ma Alternatively, the strength of the weld can be stably increased by the presence of intermittent nuggets at 50% or more along the weld line.
- the present inventors performed seam welding using a pulse power supply, provided a relatively long non-energization time after a short energization time, and repeated the cycle to repeat the cycle. Successfully obtained a nugget.
- the optimum ratio of the energizing time to the non-energizing time at this time is 1Z12 to 1/8, and an intermittent nugget is generated at less than 1/12 or more than 1/8 to 1/6.
- the ratio of energizing time to non-energizing time must be 1 Z 15 to 1/7.
- the metal foil tube of the present invention is desirably formed by seam welding using a pulse power source and setting the ratio of the energizing time to the non-energizing time to 1/15 to 1/7.
- matsushi seam welding which can be welded and / or welded in a non-molten manner, and this matsushi seam welding has the advantage of not being melted because it is not melted, so that the hardness does not decrease.
- matsu seam welding using a pulse power source. It was found that there was a ratio of charge times. That is, in the metal foil tube of the present invention, it is also possible to say that a metal foil tube formed by mash seam welding using a pulse power source and setting the ratio of the energizing time to the non-energizing time to 1/3 to 1Z1 is one of the desirable embodiments.
- the welded portion of the metal foil tube of the present invention is in a solid-state joining state in which no molten phase remains except for a portion of a nugget generated along a joining surface, the molten phase extends over the entire thickness of the welded portion.
- the mechanical properties such as hardness at the joint and the non-joined part (base material) are almost the same, rapid metal concentration due to stress concentration at the boundary between the joint and the base material and at the joint surface It is resistant to cracking and peeling due to fatigue, etc., and has excellent durability.
- the metal foil tube is used as a toner baking roll or a developing roll of an image forming apparatus, a long life can be achieved.
- the material to be used is a soft material
- the welding pressure can be reduced to leave a molten phase in the welded portion, thereby reducing the difference in hardness from the base metal.
- the solid phase bonding may be a part of the bonding surface or may be the whole.
- X satisfying x ⁇ 40 + 5 t as the foil thickness (t) of the metal foil.
- Metal foil tubes are preferred.
- the overlap margin (X) is larger than 40 + 5 t, further surface finishing may be performed.
- the unit of the overlap margin (X) and the thickness of the metal foil (t) is ⁇ m.
- the absolute value of the hardness difference (Vickers hardness) between the welded portion and the base material (non-welded portion) is 25% or less of the hardness of the base material in Vickers hardness (Hv). It is desirable that If the absolute value of the hardness difference between the welded part and the base metal part (non-welded part) exceeds 25% of the hardness of the base metal part in Vickers hardness ( ⁇ ), the welded part and the base metal part (non-welded part) The metallurgical notch effect due to the difference in hardness at the boundary of the part) tends to cause cracks and cracks due to metal fatigue and the like. In the conventional laser welding method, the weld is melted and the hardness remains low.
- the method for measuring the Vickers hardness ( ⁇ ) is based on JIS S2244 (1998).
- the difference in hardness between the welded portion and the base material portion (non-welded portion) can be suppressed, and the overall durability of the metal foil tube can be increased. This makes it possible to achieve high rotational accuracy without rotational unevenness or vibration due to mechanical strength (hardness difference).
- the stainless steel foil is made of as-rolled material of ferritic stainless steel copper or martensitic stainless steel, and a material in which a martensite phase precipitates at a weld portion.
- ferritic stainless steel such as SUS410L
- martensitic stainless copper such as SUS403, SUS410, SUS420, SUS431, SUS440, etc.
- SUS410L ferritic stainless steel
- martensitic stainless copper such as SUS403, SUS410, SUS420, SUS431, SUS440, etc.
- the weld is hardened by precipitation of martensite due to welding heat
- the base metal is hardened using work hardening by rolling, and the hardness difference between the weld and the base metal Can be reduced.
- the hardness of martensitic stainless steel can be adjusted over a wide range from Hv300 to 600 by heat treatment at an appropriate temperature after welding.
- a metal foil tube using a hard material as such a stainless steel foil can be suitably used, for example, for a metal foil tube having a thickness of 30 ⁇ m or less.
- the mechanical properties of the weld can be enhanced. Therefore, the fatigue life can be prolonged, which can contribute to the improvement of durability. Furthermore, it is possible to shorten the rise time from the power saving mode.
- an austenitic stainless steel specified in JIS 300 series such as SUS304
- the welded portion is not so hardened and the base material portion is a soft material, so that a soft tube as a whole can be obtained.
- an electrode material having substantially the same hardness as that of the metal foil it is possible to join both the electrode material and the metal foil without damaging them.
- an austenitic stainless steel annealing material is used for the metal foil, it is advantageous in that a material having excellent electrical conductivity such as copper can be combined with the electrode material.
- the base material has a Vickers hardness (Hv) of 180 or less. This has characteristics such as excellent workability at the manufacturing stage and easy molding into a tube. Also, when cutting (punching) metal foil with high precision, it is excellent in that it is unlikely to cause warpage or distortion of the peripheral edge. Also, as an electrode material having a hardness almost equal to the hardness of the metal foil, for example, there are molybdenum, alumina-dispersed copper alloy, and the like, and since such an electrode material can be used, damage to the electrode material or the tube at the manufacturing stage can also be suppressed.
- Hv Vickers hardness
- the above metal foil tube is made of a material, that is, a material of a base material portion and a joint portion (welded portion) of the metal foil tube, from the viewpoint of excellent durability and abrasion resistance and prolonging a long fatigue life.
- the Vickers hardness (Hv) is from 300 to 600, preferably from 400 to 500.
- the base material has a Pickering hardness of 180 or less.
- the metal foil tube obtained by joining or welding the metal foil is further cold-worked to reduce the wall thickness, to smooth the joint, to adjust the shape and surface roughness of the joint, and to reduce the thickness.
- the material of the joint may be work-hardened.
- the Vickers hardness (Hv) of the material including the joint can be increased to the range specified above, and the durability and abrasion resistance can be enhanced as the use performance.
- both workability at the welding stage and high cycle fatigue life in terms of serviceability can be achieved at the same time.
- the entirety including the welded portion of the metal foil tube is processed to reduce the wall thickness, the welded portion is smoothed to adjust the shape and surface roughness of the welded portion, and the entire tube including the welded portion is formed.
- the material may be work hardened. This is because, as described above, when welding and / or pressure welding are performed in a substantially non-molten state as in the present invention, the use of a soft foil material makes it easier to crush the overlapped portion of the two sheets, and the electrode flaws are also reduced. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of performance, it is often desirable to use a harder tube material in order to extend the high cycle fatigue life.
- the annealed foil is welded and then cooled by swaging, split roller rolling, hole die, spatula or a combination of these methods.
- the thickness of the weld is reduced by performing interworking, and the shape and surface roughness of the weld are adjusted by smoothing the weld.
- the material is work hardened. This can prolong the fatigue life of the metal foil tube. That is, as the metal foil tube suitable for the above-mentioned processing method, it is desirable to use a tube formed by welding an annealed foil as described above, but to exclude the use of a tube formed by welding an unannealed foil. is not.
- the metal foil tube obtained by joining or welding the metal foil is subjected to cold working to reduce the wall thickness, smooth the welded part to adjust the shape and surface roughness of the welded part, and simultaneously work harden the material
- an unannealed foil welded is also included in the above-mentioned technical scope of the present invention.
- cold working can be performed by swaging, split-roller rolling method, hole die method, spatula drawing method, or a combination of these methods.
- these cold working methods can be used as long as the shape of the welded portion and the surface roughness can be adjusted by smoothing the welded portion and at least the material of the welded portion can be work-hardened. It should not be restricted to.
- the welded part By performing cold working by the above processing method and smoothing the welded part, the welded part can be arranged so that it cannot be distinguished from the base material in terms of appearance, shape, surface roughness and hardness. desirable. As a result, it is possible to achieve a high rotational accuracy without vibration or rotational unevenness that adversely affects sharp full-color image quality, and to provide a metal foil tube having a smooth tube surface and excellent durability. it can.
- the surface roughness can be reduced to JIS B0601-20 It is desirable that the surface roughness Rz specified by 01 (maximum height roughness) be 2.0 ⁇ m or less, and preferably 0.1 to 1 zm.
- the cold working by the above working method is suitable for adjusting the surface roughness, and can be adjusted to a value close to the lower limit of the above-mentioned preferable range (see Table 1 in Example 9 described later). It is extremely effective in that respect.
- the material, the base material of the metal foil tube and the material of the joining portion (welded portion) are subjected to work hardening, so that the material has a picker hardness ( ⁇ ⁇ ) of 300 to 600, preferably. It is desirable that the value be 400 to 600, more preferably 450 to 550. As a result, as described above, it has excellent durability and abrasion resistance that can be used as a toner baking port / development port of an image forming apparatus and prolongs a high cycle fatigue life. Thus, it is possible to provide a welded metal foil tube having a hardness that is effective in the process.
- the austenitic stainless steel annealing material when used as the metal foil, when the metal foil is cut out (punched out) with high precision, the metal foil does not generate cracks or the like.
- the content of nitrogen element in the entire stainless steel foil (bulk) is desirably 0.06% by mass or less, more preferably 0.03% by mass or less.
- the maximum nitrogen concentration in the surface layer of the stainless steel foil is 3% by mass or less.
- the surface layer of the stainless steel foil means an oxide film formed on the surface by annealing.
- the oxide film refers to a portion of the oxygen concentration from the outermost layer to a depth of 50% from the peak of the oxygen concentration.
- the nitrogen content of the stainless copper foil exceeds 0.06% by mass, the stainless steel foil becomes hard, so that the metal foil can be easily broken (cut out) and easily cracked when it is cut out. is there.
- the nitrogen content of ordinary stainless steel sheets and rolled stainless steel foil does not increase significantly, In this case, the N 2 gas in the atmosphere is taken into the stainless steel foil, and significant nitriding occurs. Therefore, at the same time as the nitrogen content of the pulp increases, the nitrogen content in the surface oxide film also increases. Since the nitrogen content in the surface layer increases relatively to the inside of the pulp, the hardness becomes higher than that in the pulp. As a result, when cutting (punching) metal foil with high precision, shallow cracks occur in the surface layer, which progresses in the thickness direction and leads to cracks.
- the material is specifically, in the SUS series, S US304, SUS304L, SUS304J1 (with Cu), SUS304J2 (17 Nippon Steel, such as% Cr-7% Ni-4% Mn-2% Cu), SUS316 (Mo added), SUS316L (Mo added Caro), SUS305, SUSXM7 (Cu added Caro), SUS317, SUS317L, SUS309S
- stainless steel such as YUS304UL, YUS316UL (M0 added), YUS27A (Cu added caro), YUS110M (Cu, Si, Mo added caro), YUS170 etc.
- the base plate is used as the base plate and then rolled.
- Those obtained by annealing can be used, but are not limited thereto. It is most widely used as stainless steel, and is already marketed as a stable and inexpensive stainless steel sheet for use in the rolling process, and the technology for processing stainless steel foil by rolling has been established. Further, it is more preferable that the above-mentioned stainless steel such as SUS316 or SUS304, which is also suitable for annealing treatment, is used as a base plate, and then rolled and annealed to obtain the base plate.
- SUS304J1 (17% Cr-7% Ni-2% Cu) and SUS304J2 (17% Cr-7% Ni-4% Mn-2% Cu) were used as the base plates, and the C, N and Cu decreased.
- those using an austenitic stable system such as SUS316 or SUS305 as a base plate do not generate work-induced martensite and have no danger of aging cracking.
- Domo electrophotographic printer 16% Cr-18% Ni
- SUSXM15J1 18% Cr - 13% Ni - 4% Si
- a copying machine such as a full ⁇ Kushimi Li It can be used as a toner baking port or a development port of an image forming apparatus.
- the stainless steel is used as the metal foil.
- soft austenitic stainless steel such as the above-described annealed austenitic stainless steel or a high-strength austenitic stainless steel (hard material)
- hard material a soft austenitic stainless steel
- the preferred ranges of each component are as follows.
- C is an austenite stabilizing element, but if it is higher, the material becomes harder. Therefore, when obtaining a soft material, the content is 0.05% by mass or less, and when obtaining a hard material, the content is 0.05 to 0.2% by mass. .
- Si must be 0.05% by mass or more for deoxidation.
- Si although it works effectively on oxidation resistance, it is a strong ferrite-forming element. If it exceeds 3.6% by mass, workability is impaired and descaling during hot rolling becomes difficult, so the upper limit is 3.6%. %.
- Mn is effective as an austenite stabilizing element, and is added to fix S and improve hot workability.
- the content is less than 0.05% by mass, the effect is poor.
- the content exceeds 1.0% by mass, the material becomes hard. Therefore, when obtaining a soft material, the content is set to 0.05 to 1.0% by mass to obtain a hard material. In this case, it is 1.0 to 5.0 mass.
- Cr Cr is a basic component of stainless steel and requires at least 15% by mass to obtain excellent corrosion resistance. On the other hand, if it exceeds 26% by mass, the steel becomes brittle and the workability deteriorates, so the upper limit is set to 26% by mass. The preferred range is 17 to 19% by weight.
- Ni is one of the basic components of austenitic stainless steel . It is an element effective for workability and corrosion resistance, and is added in an amount of 5% by mass or more. However, these effects reach saturation even if they are added in excess of 25% by mass or more, so that the content is preferably in the range of 5 to 25% by mass.
- Mo is an element that improves corrosion resistance and is added as needed. However, if the content exceeds 2.5% by mass, the steel hardens, and if it exceeds 5.0% by mass, the steel becomes brittle. Therefore, when obtaining a soft material, the upper limit is set to 2.5% by mass, and When obtaining a material, the upper limit is set to 5.0% by mass.
- Cu is an element that stabilizes austenite and improves workability and corrosion resistance, and is added as necessary. However, the effect reaches saturation even if the content exceeds 2.5% by mass for soft materials and 4.0% by mass for hard materials, so the upper limit is 2. The upper limit is set to 4.0% by mass when a hard material is obtained.
- N is a strong austenite stabilizing element and also an element that improves corrosion resistance. 0.005% by mass or more is added. If the content of the soft material exceeds 0.06% by mass, the workability (high-precision cutting or punching press workability) of the foil material after bright annealing is deteriorated, and cracks and cracks are likely to occur. . On the other hand, if the content of hard material is less than 0.06% by mass, it is difficult to obtain sufficient strength. If the content exceeds 0.4% by mass, the workability of the foil material (high-precision cutting or punching) (Press workability) and cracks and cracks are likely to occur. From the above, when obtaining a soft material, the content is 0.06% by mass or less, more preferably in the range of 0.007 to 0.03% by mass, and when obtaining a hard material, 0.06% by mass. Ultra-0.4% by mass.
- the stainless steel may contain additional trace elements such as Ti and Ca.
- the stainless steel has the above components (including the added trace elements) in the above-mentioned range (the amount of the added trace elements may be an appropriate amount depending on the purpose of use ( Usually, 1 ⁇ : 0.2% by mass or less, Ca: 0.0050% by mass or less) as long as it is contained, and there is no particular limitation.)
- the balance is Fe and inevitable impurities. It is. Inevitable impurity elements include P, S, Al, O and the like.
- the amount of inevitable impurities is usually P: 0.045 mass% or less, A1: 0.05 mass% or less, S: 0.030 mass% or less, and O: 0.01 mass% or less.
- the metal foil tube of the present invention at least one of the surface and the inner surface of the foil tube formed by joining and forming the metal foil by resistance welding or the like is surface-hardened by a hard plating layer.
- a hard plating layer the metal foil tube in which the surface and the inner surface of the foil tube of the present invention are hardened by a hard plating layer will be described in detail.
- the surface hardness of the roller is Vickers 400 or more. If less processing is performed after welding, this can be achieved by applying a hard plating to the inner and outer surfaces of the metal foil tube.
- the metal to be plated can be mainly composed of metals such as chromium, nickel, cobalt and palladium, and it is effective to add a small amount of an additive such as P to harden these metals. In the case of Ni—P based alloy plating, the concentration of P is preferably 1 to L4% by weight.
- the plating method is not limited to the case where a hard plating layer is provided on both the surface and the inner surface of the foil tube as described above, and a hard plating layer may be provided only on one of them. . That is, the toner baking roll When used for a developing roll, a fixing roll, or the like, it is effective to cure the surface (outer surface) of the foil tube in contact with the photoreceptor drum or other ports or paper.
- a heater may be installed in the roll. In such a case, it is effective to harden the inner surface of the foil tube.
- a hard plating layer may be provided on the inner and / or outer surface of the foil tube according to the intended use of the metal foil tube.
- the metal foil tube of the present invention is obtained by heat-treating a foil tube obtained by joining or further forming a stainless steel foil by resistance welding or the like at a temperature of 800 to 1100 ° C.
- the heat treatment is preferably performed in a vacuum heat treatment or in an inert atmosphere.
- An appropriate heat treatment temperature is 800 to 1100 ° C. If the stainless steel is ferrite or martensite, a lower temperature is required, and if it is austenitic, a higher temperature is required. Sa However, when the temperature is lower than 800 ° C, diffusion bonding is not sufficiently performed, and when the temperature is higher than 1100 ° C, deformation is large during heat treatment, and crystal grains are coarsened.
- the heat treatment releases the thermal stress around the welded portion, and there is also an effect of eliminating the feeling of bumpiness often seen around the welded portion. Further, when the above-mentioned hard plating is performed after the heat treatment, even small irregularities of the welded portion are hidden, so that the position of the welded portion cannot be known. Therefore, as the metal foil tube of the present invention, a foil tube obtained by joining or further forming a stainless steel foil by resistance welding or the like is heat-treated at a temperature of 800 to 1100 ° C. It is desirable that at least one has a hard plating. Since the hard plating is as described above, the description is omitted here.
- the second method is to use a metal foil prior to welding in advance, such as Au, Ag, Cu, Ni, etc., or an alloy containing these elements (for example, a Ni-P alloy) or A1.
- a metal foil with a melting point of 1200 ° C or less is deposited, and this is resistance-welded to obtain a metal foil tube.
- the plating layer melts when it exceeds the melting point of the plating layer, and the passivation film on the surface of the metal foil such as stainless steel is accompanied by a large amount. The part is pushed out of the joint along the joint line. Thus, a perfect metal bond is obtained along the weld line.
- a Group 10-11 element such as Au, Ag, Cu, or Ni, or an element thereof, is provided near at least one of the joints on both surfaces of the metal foil.
- Alloys containing more than one kind for example, Ni-P alloys), or metals (including alloys) having a melting point lower than the melting point of metal foil such as A1, preferably metals having a melting point of 1200 ° C or less (including alloys) And then the foil Those formed by resistance welding are desirable.
- the ratio of the inner diameter of the tube to the tube thickness is desirably 1Z300 or less, preferably 1/500 or less.
- the wall thickness and inner diameter of the tube used here have an allowable range error, so the average value at multiple locations (for example, about 5 to 10 locations) shall be used.
- the inner diameter of the metal foil tube is not particularly limited and may be appropriately determined according to the intended use. Examples thereof include an electrophotographic printer, a laser beam printer (LBP), and a copying machine. Since the demands for downsizing and weight reduction of toner baking tools and developing tools for image forming devices such as facsimile machines are strong, they should be able to handle the currently used inner diameter of 50 mm or less. Just fine. In particular, the manufacturing method and the manufacturing apparatus of the present invention described below can sufficiently cope with such a demand for miniaturization. Even when workability of steel is required, the use of an austenitic stainless steel annealed material of the above-mentioned stainless steel foil can sufficiently cope with small diameters of up to about 10 to inner diameter L5inni. You can do it.
- LBP laser beam printer
- the length of the metal foil tube is not particularly limited and may be appropriately determined according to the intended use.
- an electronic photo printer a laser beam printer (LBP)
- LBP laser beam printer
- the manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus of the present invention described later can sufficiently cope with such a demand for miniaturization.
- the austenitic system By using an annealed material of stainless steel, distortion or the like when cutting (punching) to a predetermined size is unlikely to occur, the punching dimensional accuracy can be made extremely high, and it can be adequately used for short cylinders.
- the metal foil tube of the present invention can be used in a fatigue test in which a strain of 0.2% or less is obtained at a cycle of 60 cycles / min or more, and 1 ⁇ 10 6 times or more, more preferably 2 times or more. it is desirable to have the X 10 6 times more durability.
- the fatigue test specified above is generally performed as a fatigue test, but if the durability in that case is about 1 to 2 million times or more, it sufficiently exceeds the durability of currently required parts It can have extremely high durability. If the fatigue test result of the metal foil tube is less than 1 to 2,000,000 times, the durability of the metal thin tube cannot be improved drastically.
- the term “durability” as used herein refers to a condition where there are no abnormalities such as cracks in the surface properties and no abnormalities such as peeling off at the joints. If any abnormality is found, it shall not have durability. However, in the present invention, depending on the intended use, the metal foil tube may be sufficiently usable if the result of the fatigue test is 500,000 times or more.
- the use of the metal foil tube of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an electrophotographic printer, a laser beam printer (LBP), a copying machine (copier), and a facsimile machine. It can be used for a toner baking port and a developing port of an image forming apparatus of the present invention, but is not limited thereto.
- LBP laser beam printer
- copier copying machine
- facsimile machine it can be used for a toner baking port and a developing port of an image forming apparatus of the present invention, but is not limited thereto.
- Fig. 1 (A) is a plan view of a metal foil blank to be formed into a metal foil tube
- Fig. 1 (B) is a cross-sectional view of the metal foil tube before welding
- Fig. 1 (C) is a straight-line joint
- Fig. 1 (D) is a perspective view of a metal foil tube obtained by welding such that the joint is formed in a spiral shape.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a metal foil tube manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 2
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 in FIG.
- the metal foil blank W used in the present embodiment has a rectangular overall shape.
- the length S i is lm
- the width S 2 is The thickness is about 100 mm, but the thickness t is as thin as 10 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the metal foil base plate W is rounded into a circular cross section, the opposite side ends are overlapped, and the overlapped portion G is welded to form a metal foil tube P.
- This metal foil tube P can be applied to various devices including, for example, a fixing roll of a copying machine.
- the metal foil tube manufacturing apparatus according to the present embodiment is roughly divided into a forming part 10 and a welding part 30.
- the forming unit 10 does not roll the rectangular metal foil blank W at once into a cylindrical shape, but gradually adheres it around the core rod 13 corresponding to the inner mold by the forming device 15 corresponding to the outer mold. It is formed into a cylindrical shape, and the welded portion 30 welds the overlapped portion G at the end of the opposite side of the metal foil base plate W.
- the forming unit 10 is a cylindrical core rod 13 cantilevered by a support part 12 erected on a base 11 and a lower part of the core rod 13. And a positioning member 16 for positioning the metal foil base plate W with respect to the core rod 13.
- the core rod 13 is slightly longer and thicker than the longitudinal length of the metal foil base plate W. Is the width direction of the length S 2 of the metal foil element plate W is the degree to which one rotation, with respect to the mandrel 13 this will be described in detail later.
- the molding device 15 includes a positioning member 16, a holding plate 17, a first pressing member 18, and a second pressing member 19, as shown in FIG.
- the positioning member 16 is a member for positioning the center of substantially W and the center of the lower surface of the core rod 13.
- the holding plate 17 is located below the core rod 13, and is connected to a cylinder provided on the base 11 so that the holding plate 17 is always parallel to the core rod 13 and is close to and away from the core rod 13.
- the holding plate 17 has a flat upper surface and a semicircular concave portion 20 formed in the center so that the core rod 13 can be fitted. The concave portion 20 and the core rod 13 are combined.
- the metal foil base plate W is deformed and wound in a U-shape around the lower surface of the core rod 13.
- the first pressing member 18 presses the side of the metal foil blank W deformed into a U-shape, which is raised on the side surface of the core rod 13, to the outer periphery of the core rod 13 to make it adhere to the outer periphery of the core rod 13.
- the second pressing member 19 also has the same configuration as the first pressing member 18, is provided at a position symmetrical to the first pressing member 18 around the core rod 13, and is provided on the core rod 13 by the cylinder C 3 . It operates so as to approach and separate, and presses the other side of the U-shaped metal foil base plate W toward the outer periphery of the core rod 13.
- the metal foil base plate W is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the core rod 13, and the metal foil base plate is The opposite end of W, that is, both ends in the width direction are overlapped to form an overlapped portion G.
- the transfer of the metal foil sheet W onto the holding plate 17 of the forming device 15 is performed by a suitable transporting means (not shown) such as a negative pressure suction means.
- the positioning member 16 is a port that passes through a through hole 21 formed in a semicircular recess 20 formed in the center of the molding device 15, and has a base end in the axial direction below the core rod 13. located in central and distal portions, it is provided so as to be close to or away from the lower surface of the core rod 13 by respective Siri Sunda C 4.
- the positioning member 16 abuts on the lower surface of the core rod 13 when approaching, and presses the metal foil base plate W to hold the metal foil base plate W in a fixed position.
- the timing at which the positioning member 16 operates is such that the metal foil base plate W placed on the upper surface of the holding plate 17 is pushed up by the upward movement of the holding plate 17, and is drawn into the core rod 13. This is the point of contact.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part in FIG.
- the overlap margin adjusting means 22 controls the metal foil base plate W so that the overlap margin X of the overlapped portion G of the opposing sides becomes a predetermined value, for example, about 0.1 mm before the pressing by the second pressing member 19 is completed. A part of the circumference of is displaced in the radius (radiation) direction.
- the overlap margin adjusting means 22 includes an eccentric device (such as a force roller or a roller) inside the core rod 13 and at least at the base end and the distal end of the core rod 13.
- the eccentric device (such as a cam or a roller) 23 is driven by a driving device (such as a motor) to displace a part of the circumference of the metal foil base plate W in the radial direction.
- the amount of rotation of the eccentric device (cam or roller, etc.) 23 is controlled by a signal from the control unit 24 so that the overlap margin X becomes a predetermined value.
- the control unit 24 is provided with a detection device (CCD A camera, etc.) 25, and a computing unit 26 that monitors this and compares it with the predetermined value to determine a control amount.
- the driving device may be provided at the base end of the core rod 13 and the eccentric devices (cams, rollers, etc.) 23 provided at the base, center, tip, etc. may be operated collectively.
- each eccentric device (cam or roller, etc.) 23 may be operated independently to adjust the overlap margin X.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the eccentric device such as a cam or a roller '
- the metal foil base plate W is provided around the core bar 13 so that a non-adhered portion where the metal foil base plate W is not in close contact with the core bar 13 is generated. The part may be displaced in the radial direction.
- a part of the circumference of the metal foil plate W is formed by a pressing member 28 provided outside the core bar 13 toward the concave portion 27 formed in the core bar 13.
- pressure may be applied so as to be displaced in the radial direction as shown by the broken line in the figure.
- These pressing members may be any of a cam, a roll, a cylindrical body, and a rod-shaped member.
- the welding in the present embodiment is a resistance welding method. Because very thin metal foil sheets W are welded, the method must be a controlled and gentle welding method. In particular, among the resistance welding methods, a seam welding method is preferable, and a mash seam welding is more preferable. When this welding was used, the difference in hardness between the welded portion and the other portions was small, and favorable results were obtained. In addition, laser melting If contact welding or plasma welding is used, the hardness difference will be 30% or more, which is not practical.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view showing a welding state of the present embodiment.
- the welded portion 30 includes a conductive fixed electrode member 31 provided on the outer surface of the core rod 13 along the axial direction, and a conductive movable member provided opposite the fixed electrode member 31.
- An electrode member 32 is formed, and a metal foil base plate W is welded between both electrode members while sandwiching the overlapped portion G.
- the fixed electrode member 31 is of a conductive type provided in a groove 33 formed along the axial direction on the outer surface of the core rod 13.
- the movable electrode member 33 is a conductive electrode wheel 32 that rotates while pressing the overlapping portion G.
- the fixed electrode member 31 is provided in a groove 33 provided at the top of the core rod 13.
- the upper surface of the fixed electrode member 31 is preferably formed as a flat surface as a whole because the electrode wheel 32 performs welding while rolling on the electrode material. Therefore, as the fixed electrode member 31, for example, a flattened copper wire is used. However, the entire upper surface does not need to be a flat surface, and may be partially flat.
- the outer peripheral surface of the electrode ring 32 be a flat surface.
- a thing, that is, a drum-shaped thing is preferable.
- the radius of curvature in this case is preferably larger than the radius of curvature of the arc-shaped surface of the fixed electrode member 31.
- the electrode wheel 32 is connected to a power supply member 35 via a conductive flange-shaped rotating member 34 as shown in FIG. 4, but the power supply member 35 is supported by a non-conductive bracket 36.
- the brackets 36 are vertically movable coupled Ri by the sheet re Sunda C 5. Siri Sunda C 5 is attached to the moving block 37, the mobile professional click 37 has a pair
- the guide rod 38 is slidably supported by a guide rod 38 (see FIG. 3), and is moved along the axis of the core rod 13 by a screw shaft 39 provided so as to pass through the center.
- the screw shaft 39 is supported by a bearing portion 42 provided on the support bases 40 and 41, and is rotated by a driving device (such as a motor) M 2 connected via a coupling 43.
- a driving device such as a motor
- M 2 connected via a coupling 43.
- the electrode wheels 32 are summer to move from the proximal end of the sheet re Sunda C 5 I Ri lifting and while the screw shaft 39 and the driving device (motor, etc.) by the M 2 Rishinbo 13 to the tip.
- the hardness of each of the electrode members 31 and 32 is preferably substantially the same as the hardness of the metal foil base plate W in order to prevent uneven contact and uneven wear and to ensure reliable welding over a long period of time. Experiments have shown that if the Vickers hardness HV is less than 180, the electrode is less damaged.
- at least a part of each of the fixed electrode member 31 and the movable electrode member 33 may be made of molybdenum or an alumina-dispersed copper alloy.
- the welded portion 30 is heated, and if the welding operation is performed for a long time, the heat may deform the thin metal foil base plate W, and good welding may not be possible. Since the metal foil base plate W is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the relatively long core rod 13 to form the metal foil tube P, peeling or removing the metal foil tube P is also an issue.
- the core rod 13 itself as means for solving the problem of cooling (table deformation) and the problem of removal at once.
- the core rod 13 functions as a mold for forming the metal foil base plate W into a circular cross section
- the core rod 13 has a circular cross section as a whole, but as shown in FIG. Is provided with a core portion 13a made of normal carbon steel for mechanical structure having a Y-shaped cross section, and the core portion 13a has excellent strength for holding the fixed electrode member 31.
- An electrode support portion 13b made of chrome steel is attached, and a side plate portion 13c is provided on a side portion of the core portion 13a to finish the whole with a circular cross section.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view along the axis of the core rod.
- Air is introduced into the fluid passage 45 from a pipe 47 connected to the end of the core rod 13 via a rotary joint 46 (see FIG. 2), and when the air is cooled, the core rod 13 is cooled. In both cases, air is blown out from the branch passage 45b, whereby the metal foil tube P rises from the surface of the core rod 13 to facilitate removal.
- air has the effect of improving workability and providing a clean working environment, but is not limited to this.Other fluids, such as water or cutting oil, can also be used. is there.
- a notch R (see FIG. 6) formed to extend in the axial direction may be provided on the outer peripheral surface of the core rod 13. .
- the contact area between the metal foil base plate W and the core bar 13 is reduced, and the removal of the metal foil tube P becomes easier.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view along another axis showing another example of the core rod.
- the core rod 13 is divided into two core rod members 13 d and 13 e by a tapered surface 50 intersecting the axis, and after forming the metal foil tube, one core rod member 13 e is The metal foil tube P may be peeled from the core rod 13 by sliding in the axial direction with respect to the core rod member 13 d.
- the core rod 13 is supported at both ends and one of the core rods 13 is configured to be movable in the axial direction. .
- a metal foil tube having a joint where the overlapped portion G is welded linearly can be obtained.
- the present invention is not limited to these.
- a metal foil tube having a joint where the overlapped portion G ′ is welded in a spiral shape You can also get In this case, for example, a metal foil having an appropriate thickness is slit into an appropriate width, and this is spirally wound around a copper alloy electrode rod. At this time, the overlap X of the foils is adjusted to about O. lmin using a detector.
- the electrode rod is rotated left and right while rotating, and another electrode made of copper alloy or the like is rolled on the overlapped portion between the electrode rod and the electrode rod.
- Electric current may be applied and electric resistance welding (preferably seam welding, more preferably matsushiu welding) may be performed. Thereafter, this tube is cut into an appropriate length, and if necessary, the inner and outer surfaces near the joint are polished to obtain a desired metal foil tube.
- the ratio of the inner diameter of the metal foil tube to the thickness of the metal foil base plate is preferably 1/300 or less, more preferably 1/500 or less. Note that the thickness of the metal foil base plate and the inner diameter of the metal foil tube referred to here have an allowable range error. Average) shall be used.
- the welded portion When seam welding is performed by energizing between the electrode and the electrode, the welded portion is formed as a continuous nugget (melted and solidified portion) or a weld line along the weld line.
- the strength of the weld can be increased stably by the presence of intermittent nuggets in more than 50% of the area. That is, in seam welding, when a nugget is generated, a large part of the current flows to the nugget portion having a small electric resistance (reactive current) even if the disk-shaped electrode (see reference numeral 32 in FIG. 6) rotates. However, only a small amount of current flows at the interface to be newly joined due to high electrical resistance. Therefore, this portion is brought into a pressure contact state without reaching the melting temperature.
- this part also has a low electrical resistance, which prevents nugget generation beyond the nugget.
- the present inventors performed seam welding using a pulse power supply, provided a relatively long non-energization time after a short energization time, and repeated this cycle to obtain a continuous nugget. Successful in gaining money.
- the optimal ratio between the energizing time and the non-energizing time in this case is 1Z12 to 1Z8, and an intermittent nugget is generated at less than 1/12 or more than 1/8 to 1/6.
- the metal foil base plate W having a thickness of 10 or more: ⁇ ⁇ m is placed on the holding plate 17 of the forming apparatus 15 by carrying means such as negative pressure suction means.
- the metal foil base plate W is held by a guide member (not shown), and its center line is set so as to coincide with the center axis of the new rod 13 and the center line of the concave portion 20 formed in the holding plate 17. Is done.
- the holding plate 17 starts to rise by the cylinder, but the holding plate 17 always keeps a position parallel to the core rod 13. Therefore, when the metal foil base plate W comes into contact with the core bar 13, the metal foil base plate W has substantially the same width centering on the core bar 13. When the metal foil base plate W comes into contact with the core rod 13, the positioning member 16 operates.
- the positioning member 16 is actuated and by Ri Rod to Siri Sunda C 4, in contact with the center of the lower or et mandrel 13, sandwiching the metal foil workpiece W between the core rod 13 and the mouth head tip I do. This pinching is performed at the base end, the center, and the distal end of the core rod 13, so that the metal foil W comes into contact with the core rod 13 over its entire length. As a result, the metal foil base plate W is positioned substantially at the center in the width direction.
- the holding plate 17 rises, and the core rod 13 starts to enter the recess 20 of the holding plate 17.
- the metal foil blank W is gradually transformed into a U-shape.
- the metal foil base plate W is deformed into a part wound around the outer peripheral surface of the lower half of the core rod 13 and a pair of sides rising from the side surface. .
- First pressing member 18 toward the one side is the operation of silicon Sunda C 3 More protruding. This projection is performed until the arcuate surface portion 18a at the end of the protrusion comes into contact with the outer periphery of the core rod 13. One side of the metal foil base plate W is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the core rod 13 with the arcuate surface portion 18a to make close contact. .
- the second pressing member 19 similarly actuated by silica Sunda C 3, to press the other side of the metal foil material plates W until arcuate surface portion 19 a of the tip is in contact with the outer periphery of the core rod 13, this pressing Is stopped just before the final stage, so that the metal foil blank W does not completely adhere to the core rod 13.
- the metal foil base plate W is wound around the core bar 13 to form a superimposed portion G in which a pair of opposing edge portions are superimposed at the top of the core bar 13, but the other side is completely formed. It is not a fixed state but a displaceable state.
- the overlapping margin X of the overlapping portion G is adjusted.
- the detection device (CCD camera or the like) 25 of the control unit 24 detects the overlap X amount, compares it with a predetermined value in the calculation unit 26, determines whether it is normal, and if it is not normal,
- the driving device (motor, etc.) is driven to rotate the eccentric device (cam, roller, etc.) 23 to displace the metal foil blank W in the radial (radial) direction.
- the adjustment of the overlap allowance X is made. Complete.
- the second pressing member 19 is actuated by the cylinder C 3 , and completely presses the other piece of the metal foil base plate W against the core rod 13. As a result, the metal foil base plate W is fixedly held on the core bar 13.
- the position of the overlapping portion G is between the tip of the first pressing member 18 and the tip of the second pressing member 19, and immediately above the fixed electrode member 31,
- the electrode ring 32 is connected to the first pressing member 18 and the second pressing member 18. Since it can move up and down with the pressing member 19, welding can be started.
- the electrode wheel 32 is positioned at the base end of the core rod 13, and if the whole is welded, accurate welding can be performed.
- Welding is first performed from the operation of the serial Sunda C 5.
- Siri Sunda C 5 When Siri Sunda C 5 is operated, the piston Tonro head is lowered and bracket 36, the power supply member 35, the electrode wheels 32 via a flange-shaped rotary member 34 is lowered.
- the electrode wheel 32 enters between the tip of the first pressing member 18 and the tip of the second pressing member 19, and sandwiches the overlapping portion G with the fixed electrode member 31.
- the driving device such as a motor
- the screw shaft 39 rotates.
- the movement block 37 starts moving.
- the electrode wheel 32 moves on the overlapped portion G at about 0.3 to L. 5 m / min, and welds to the end of the metal foil blank W.
- the electrode wheel 32 may be positioned at the tip of the core rod 13 and the metal foil tube P may be pulled out while welding. In this way, welding can be performed quickly and with good workability.
- this welded part is finished smoothly. This finishing is performed until the surface of the metal foil tube P becomes smooth by polishing or lapping with a grindstone, crushing by roller panicing, etc., but the description is omitted because a known technique can be applied. Then, the metal foil tube P is removed from the core rod 13. This removal is achieved by supplying air to the fluid passage 45 from the end of the core rod 13 and ejecting air radially from the central passage 45a along the axis of the core rod 13 through the branch passage 45b. Peel the metal foil tube P from the core rod 13. If air flows even slightly between the core rod 13 and the metal foil tube P, The metal foil tube P can be easily removed from the core rod 13. After the removal, the finishing may be performed.
- the movable electrode member runs on the fixed electrode member or the metal foil tube P is moved, but the present invention is not limited to this, and when both electrode members relatively move, Alternatively, both electrode members and the metal foil tube P may move relatively.
- the welded metal foil tube obtained by the above welding method can be used as it is as the welded metal foil tube of the present invention widely for various applications.
- a core metal is put into the welded metal foil tube obtained by the above welding method, and further cold-rolled by swaging, split roller rolling method, hole die method (drawing method), spatula drawing method or a combination of these methods. Work may be performed to reduce the thickness, the welded portion may be smoothed to adjust the shape and surface roughness of the welded portion, and the material may be work hardened.
- cold working can be performed by the above-described swaging, split roller rolling method, hole die method, spatula drawing method, or a combination of these methods. . Since the swaging, the split-roller rolling method, the hole die method, and the spattling method are known cold working techniques, the description of the working method here is omitted. +
- the target is the welded portion of the welded metal foil tube, and it is difficult to handle the metal tube up to that point. Therefore, a core metal is put in the metal foil tube in advance and cold working (mainly plastic working) can be applied. It is sufficient to perform each processing in the state.
- the core metal for example, a material with a high hardness obtained by quenching S45C and using an outer diameter that matches the inner diameter of the welding tube at first, and if the inner diameter of the tube changes due to processing,
- the outer diameter of the core is also It is desirable to replace it with ivy.
- the wall thickness of the tube is reduced while hitting the tube surface with three or four tools arranged on the outside of the tube.
- the core metal described above is inserted into a welding tube, and a plurality of small-diameter rollers disposed outside the tube are pressed with another jig or a pack-up roll to form a plurality of tubes. Reducing the wall thickness of the tube while rotating the small diameter roller relatively.
- the hole die method is a method of squeezing a conical hole (die) through a somewhat thick material (in this case, a welded foil tube with a cored bar).
- the diameter of the tube can be reduced by using an appropriate lubricant.
- the wall thickness can be reduced without changing.
- one or more spatulaes are pressed against the outer surface of the tube while rotating the welded foil tube containing the metal core to reduce the wall thickness.
- the surface roughness of the tool or roller to be machined is made sufficiently small so that the shape of the weld is uniform and smooth. be able to.
- the surface roughness Rz specified by JIS B0601-2001 is 2.0 ⁇ m or less, preferably 0.1 to 1! J, m until the surface roughness Rz becomes 0.1 to 1! J, m. It is desirable to reduce the wall thickness by cold working and to make the welds smooth.
- the Vickers hardness (Hv) of the material becomes 300 to 600, preferably 400 to 600, and more preferably 450 to 550. It is desirable to do so. This results in excellent durability and abrasion resistance and high cycle fatigue as described above. It is possible to provide a welded metal foil tube having an effective hardness for extending the life.
- the Vickers hardness of the material includes the hardness of both the base material portion and the welded portion of the metal foil tube.
- the first method is to reinforce the strength by bonding a stainless steel foil by resistance welding or the like or heat-treating a formed foil tube to diffusely bond the bonding wires.
- the heat treatment is preferably performed in a vacuum heat treatment or in an inert atmosphere.
- the heat treatment temperature is 800 to 1100 ° C. A lower temperature is required if the stainless steel foil is ferrite or martensite, and a higher temperature is required if the stainless steel foil is austenitic. However, when the temperature is lower than 800 ° C, diffusion bonding is not sufficiently performed.
- the temperature is higher than 1100 ° C
- deformation is large during heat treatment, and crystal grains are undesirably coarse.
- the heat treatment releases the thermal stress around the welded portion, and there is also an effect that the feeling of bumpiness often seen around the welded portion is eliminated.
- the above-mentioned hard plating is applied after the heat treatment, the small irregularities of the weld are also hidden, and the position of the weld is unknown. I see.
- the above-mentioned metal having a hard plating property it is possible to use a metal mainly composed of chromium, nickel, cobalt, palladium, etc., and to add a small amount of an additive such as P to harden these metals. It is also effective.
- the P concentration is preferably 1 to 14%. The reason is that if it is less than 1%, the effect of hardening is small, and if it exceeds 14%, the plating layer becomes brittle and cracks easily occur. Electroless plating or electric plating is possible as the plating method, but electroless plating is convenient for plating the inside of the tube.
- the second method is to use a metal foil before welding on a Group 10-11 element such as Au, Ag, Cu, Ni or an alloy containing these elements (for example, Ni-P alloy) or A1 Metals (including alloys) with a melting point lower than the melting point of metal foil, such as metal, and preferably metals (including alloys) with a melting point of 1200 ° C or less are plated in advance and then resistance-welded to the metal foil tube.
- This is the method of obtaining.
- the plating layer is melted if the melting point of the plating layer is exceeded, and a passivation film on the surface of the metal foil such as stainless steel accompanies.
- a continuous nugget (melted and solidified portion) or a welding line is formed at the welded portion along the welding line.
- a weld such as a seam weld has a continuous nugget along the weld line (melted and solidified portion) or an intermittent nugget at 50% or more along the weld line. Stably increases the joint strength of the weld This is because we can do it.
- the present inventors performed seam welding using a pulsed power source, provided a short energizing time, followed by a relatively long non-energizing time, and repeated this cycle to continuously perform the cycle.
- the optimal ratio of the energizing time to the non-energizing time is 1 to 12 to 1/8, and an intermittent nugget is generated at less than 1/12 or more than 1/8 to 1/6. According to the experiments of the present inventors, it has been found that even if the nugget becomes an intermittent nugget, there is no problem in strength as long as the nugget can force 50% or more of the weld line.
- the ratio between the energizing time and the non-energizing time must be 1/15 to 17. From the above, in the method for manufacturing a metal foil tube of the present invention, it is desirable to perform seam welding by using a pulse power source and setting the ratio of energizing time to non-energizing time to 1/15 to 1 / ⁇ .
- the present inventors also have an optimal ratio between the energizing time and the non-energizing time in performing the mass seam welding using a pulse power source in order to more stably increase the strength of the welded portion. It was found that. That is, in the method for manufacturing a metal foil tube of the present invention, it is desirable to perform mash seam welding by using a pulse power source and setting the ratio of the energizing time to the non-energizing time to 1/3 to 1/1.
- Example 1 The effects of the present invention will be described using the following examples and comparative examples. However, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples. In addition, the dimensional unit that does not particularly indicate the unit shall be “” unit. Example 1
- stainless steel of SUS410L (ll% Cr-0.02% C) was used to reduce the surface roughness Rz of the foil to 40 ⁇ m and 1.5 ⁇ m and 0.8 ⁇ m, respectively. It was rolled to thickness and the as-rolled material was cut to 94.3mm LX 250mmW.
- the foils with these two types of surface roughness were wound around copper alloy jigs with a diameter of 30 mm each, and the overlapped portion of 100 ⁇ m was joined by mash seam welding.
- the periphery of the joint of both ((a) a tube with a surface roughness Rz of 1.5 ⁇ m and (b) a tube with a surface roughness Rz of 0.8 ⁇ m ) is cut out and polished and polished. It was confirmed that the hardness of the base metal was about 270 in Hv, and the hardness of the joint was about 230 in ⁇ . As a result of etching of both polishing samples and examining the metallographic structure, in both cases, there was no melt-solidified phase at the joint, the joint surface was in a solid-phase joined state, and a low-carbon martensite phase was found here. The thickness of the joint was 55 ⁇ m in both cases. Both tubes (see Fig.
- a 30 / m-thick annealed foil of SUS316L (16% Cr-12% Ni-2% Mo) with a surface roughness Rz of ⁇ . ⁇ and 0.5 / zm was slit to a width of 60mm each.
- the overlap between the foil and the foil was adjusted to be ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ m for both the one having the surface roughness Rz of ⁇ . ⁇ m and the one having the surface roughness Rz of 0.5 / Xm.
- a surface roughness R Z is 1.
- a tube (d) a surface roughness Rz of 0.5 mu m tube) were examined hardness of the peripheral joint, both The Hv was around 200 at the base metal and around 245 at the joint. In addition, the metal structures were examined, and it was confirmed that there was no melt-solidified phase in both cases. Further, both tubes (see FIG. 1 (D)) were cut to a length of 50 mm, the inner and outer surfaces near the joint were polished, and a fatigue test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1.
- a foil tube was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 using a 50 ⁇ -thick fully annealed foil of SUS304 (18% Cr-8% Ni) having a surface roughness Rz of 0.34 ⁇ m.
- the stainless steel foil was annealed in an ammonia decomposition gas, and the nitrogen concentration on the surface was 4.4%.
- the joint thickness was reduced from 77 m to 60 ⁇ m by polishing the inner and outer surfaces. In this case, the hardness of the base metal was around 190 in Hv, and the joint was around 230 in Hv.
- this tube was subjected to a micro crack at 500,000 times, and the fatigue test was discontinued. It was durable up to 10,000 times and could be used satisfactorily depending on the application.
- a foil tube was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 using a hard material of SUS304 (18% Cr-8% Ni) with a surface roughness Rz of 0.5 ⁇ m and a thickness of 50 ⁇ .
- the joint thickness was reduced from 90 m to 60 ⁇ by polishing the inner and outer surfaces.
- the hardness of the base material was around 410 in Hv
- the joint was around 230 in Hv
- the hardness difference between the joint and the base material was 43% of the hardness of the base material.
- a crack occurred at the boundary between the joint and the base metal at 500,000 times, and the tube was broken. Also in this case, it had a durability of up to 500,000 times depending on the intended use, and could be used sufficiently depending on the intended use.
- Example 2 Performed using as-rolled 20 ⁇ m thick foil of SUS630 (17% Cr—4% Ni-4% Cu—0.2% Nb-0.l% Ta) with a surface roughness Rz of 0.9 ⁇ m
- a foil tube was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. The joint thickness was reduced from 35 ⁇ m to 26 ⁇ m by polishing the inner and outer surfaces. Then, after heating to 1040 ° C in a vacuum heat treatment furnace, the precipitate was hardened by soaking at 480 ° C for 1 hour in the cooling process. In this case, the hardness of the base metal and the weld was almost the same, and was about 380 in Hv. As a result of a fatigue test performed in the same manner as in Example 1, this tube withstood more than 2 million fatigue tests.
- Example 1 Using an as-rolled 25 ⁇ m thick foil of YUS170 (Nippon Steel Standard: 24% Cr—12% Ni—0.7% Mo-0.35% N) with a surface roughness Rz of 0.85 ⁇ m A foil tube was prepared in the same manner as described above. The thickness of the joint was 30 ⁇ , but it was reduced to 22 ⁇ m by polishing the inner and outer surfaces. In this case, the hardness of the base metal was around 290 in Hv, and the joint was around 220 in Hv. As a result of a fatigue test performed in the same manner as in Example 1, this tube survived more than one million fatigue tests.
- each stainless steel foil material was used for each stainless steel foil material in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 8 except that each stainless steel foil was joined by laser welding instead of electric resistance welding (mash seam welding). A tube was created and a fatigue test was performed. In each case, cracks occurred at the boundary between the joint and the base metal at 100,000 to 300,000 times, and fractured. Comparative Example 2
- each stainless steel foil was subjected to the same method as in Examples 1 to 8 except that the stainless steel foils were joined by plasma welding instead of electric resistance welding (Matsushi seam welding). A Ube was created and a fatigue test was performed. In each case, cracks occurred at the boundary between the joint and the base metal at 100,000 to 300,000 times, and fractured.
- Ar- H annealed surface roughness Rz fully annealed foil having a thickness of 60 ⁇ ⁇ of SUS304 of 0. 9 mu m in 2 atmosphere (nitrogen concentration in the surface 1. was 2%) was used, implementation
- seven tubes of 24-30 mm ⁇ X 250 mm L were manufactured by matsushi seam welding. After that, six of these tubes were further filled with hardened S45C core metal in the tube and swaged, split roller rolling method, hole die method, spatula drawing method, or any of these methods.
- the thickness is reduced to around 30 ⁇ m by cold working and reducing the thickness of the combination, smoothing the welded part, adjusting the shape and surface roughness of the welded part, and simultaneously work hardening the material.
- a foil tube was obtained. The dimensions, materials, fatigue life, etc. of these foil tubes before and after cold working (ie, unprocessed and processed products) were measured, and the results are summarized in Table 1.
- the tube thickness is the thickness of the non-joined part (base material)
- the hardness is the Vickers hardness of the base material
- the surface roughness Ra of the weld is the
- JIS B0601 2001 arithmetic mean roughness
- the surface roughness Rz of the welded portion was measured according to JIS B0601-2001 (maximum height roughness) of the metal foil.
- the fatigue life in Table 1 above was determined by inserting a hard sponge cylinder into each foil tube and rotating it while pressing it against the surface of a 120 mm ⁇ X 80 mm L steel roller, as in Example 1. It was prepared. At this time, the rotation speed of the test tube was 360 rpm, and the test tube was crushed by about 4 mm in a state of being pressed most against the steel roller. The strain applied to the test tube surface at this time is (1) 0.34, (2) 0.16, (3) 0.18, (4) 0.19, (5) 0.17, (6) 0.16, and (7) 0.17%. The test was performed until abnormalities such as cracks were confirmed in the foil tube, and the operating time (hr) during this period was defined as the fatigue life. In addition, each cold working of (2) to (7) in Table 1 above is performed by each of the cold working methods described above, starting from each welding tube whose inner diameter before cold working is as follows. did.
- Ar_ H 2 surface roughness Rz which is annealed in an atmosphere of 1 ⁇ 2 ⁇ m SUS301, SU S201 , SUS316N, YUS170 (24% Cr - 12% Ni - 0.3% N) of full annealed foil having a thickness of 25 ⁇ ⁇ ( The nitrogen concentration on the surface was 1.7 to 2.4%), and a 30 mm ⁇ X 250 mm L tube was fabricated by mash seam welding in the same manner as in Example 1. Thereafter, these tubes were subjected to the same swaging and split-roller rolling method as in Example 9 (the above (6): (2) + (3) cold treatment) to obtain a foil tube having a thickness of about 25 ⁇ m.
- Table 2 shows the dimensions, materials, fatigue life, etc. of these foil tubes before and after cold working.
- the tube thickness (/ m), hardness CHv), surface roughness Ra ( ⁇ m), surface roughness Rz ( ⁇ m) and fatigue life (hr) of the weld in Table 2 are as shown in Table 1. As described in the above.
- the strain applied to the test tube surface in the fatigue life test was (8) 0.28 (9) 0.15 (10) 0.28 (11) 0.14, (12) 0.28 (13) 0.14, (14) 0.28, (15 ) was 0.14%.
- a SUS316 foil having a thickness of 25 am was seam-welded in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a foil tube of 30 mm ⁇ X 250 mm L. This was subjected to hard Cr plating with a target thickness of 2 ⁇ m. For the inner surface of the foil tube, a rod-shaped Cr electrode was inserted, and Cr plating was performed on the inner and outer surfaces.
- another SUS316 foil tube welded in the same manner was subjected to electroless plating with a target thickness of 2 ⁇ m for Ni-8% P, Co, and Pd. The ends of these tubes were cut and the section was buried and polished, and the thickness of the plating film (layer) was examined.
- Plating of the same material as above was performed to a thickness of about 30 ⁇ m each, embedded in resin, polished, and the hardness was measured.
- Plating of the same material as above was performed to a thickness of about 30 ⁇ m each, embedded in resin, polished, and the hardness was measured.
- Each of the above-mentioned plated foil tubes and a non-coated foil tube as a comparative material were incorporated into the fixing roll of the printer, and half a cup of iron powder was sprayed on the inner surface of the tube.
- the hardness of each plating layer was Hv of 400 or more, and these foil tubes did not generate flaws even in a poor environment where iron powder was sprayed on the inner surface of the fixing roll. Was. On the other hand, the non-stick foil tube had many linear scratches.
- Electroless plating of Ni—, 2% P, Ni—8% P, and Ni—12% P with a thickness of about 2 ⁇ m was performed on both sides of a 30/1 m thick SUS316 foil. Separately from these, electric plating of A1 and Ag with a thickness of about 2 ⁇ m was performed on the foil near the weld, that is, on both sides between 2 and 3 mm from the end of the foil.
- These foils were formed into tubes of 30 mm ⁇ X 250 mm L by matsushi seam welding. The weld was cut out, buried and polished to observe the cross-sectional shape and metal structure of the weld.
- the thickness of the base metal The thickness of the welded area where the two foils overlap was 35-37 ⁇ m, which was almost the same thickness as the base metal, while the thickness was 34 ⁇ including the welded layer. Furthermore, close bending was performed around the welded part, and this was embedded in resin, and the metal structure of the bent part was observed.
- non-adhesive SUS316 foil with a thickness of 40 / zm was similarly subjected to matsushi seam welding to cut out a welded portion, and this portion was bent tightly. This part was embedded in resin and polished, and the metal structure was observed. As a result, the welded part of the non-plated foil opened slightly at the part where the joining line reached the foil surface due to close bending, but the closed bent part of the welded part of the plated foil did not open at all.
- SUS304 and SUS420J2 foils with a thickness of 40 / im were formed into tubes of 30 mm ⁇ X 250 mm L by mash seam welding.
- the SUS304 tube was subjected to vacuum heat treatment at 1030 ° C for 3 minutes and SUS420J2 for 880 ° C for 10 minutes.
- the vicinity of the welded portion of the tube after heat treatment was cut out, bent tightly around the welded portion, embedded, polished and etched, and the structure of the welded portion was observed. As a result, the weld was found to withstand tight bending without opening the mouth at all.
- Electroless plating of Ni—8% P was performed on the inner and outer surfaces of the SUS304 and SUS420J2 foil tubes prototyped in Example 13. Each of these tubes was subjected to a flaw test using iron powder in the same manner as in Example 11, but no linear marks were generated. When these tubes were subjected to the fatigue test described above, no fracture was found in any of the tubes after 7.5 million cycles.
- Example 15
- a metal plate is joined by press-welding laser welding, plasma welding, or the like as in the conventional method to form a tube-shaped tube, and this tube is subjected to, for example, ironing or spinning.
- the metal plate is rolled, and if necessary, annealed and heat-treated. Since the thickness can be reduced and mass production of a metal foil tube with a desired thickness can be mass-produced, the production cost can be remarkably reduced as compared with the case where the thickness of each tube is reduced.
- the present invention provides excellent surface smoothness by rolling.
- Metal foil can be obtained, and can be used as a metal foil tube by using this metal foil. Further, the metal foil can be used as it is without being subjected to thinning processing, so that an excellent surface is obtained. It is also advantageous in that smoothness can be maintained.
- the metal foil welding is a tube using an electric resistance welding method
- the joining control is simple, and an extremely thin metal foil tube can be produced satisfactorily.
- the difference in hardness between the joined portion and the non-joined portion can be reduced as compared with a thin tube in which a base tube is formed by conventional laser welding, plasma welding, or the like, and this is made thinner. It is possible to suppress a decrease in durability due to metal fatigue and the like at the boundary between the metal and the non-joined part.
- the base tube is formed by conventional laser welding, plasma welding, or the like. Since large processing is applied, welding peeling is likely to occur in subsequent use. However, in the present invention, since large processing is not required after welding, problems such as welding peeling at the welded portion are less likely to occur. It is also advantageous in that it can be used.
- the present invention is advantageous in that an arbitrary material can be selected as the metal foil depending on the intended use. That is, in the present invention, an existing material from a hard material to a soft material can be used, and a material satisfying required performances such as high elasticity, high rigidity, light weight, ultra-thinness, and high thermal conductivity according to the use application. Can be appropriately selected.
- the present invention by applying a hard plating to the inner and outer surfaces of the tube, even if foreign matter is brought in together with the paper, it is possible to suppress the roller from being scratched, and to perform printing. The adverse effect on the result can be suppressed.
- by performing hard plating even when nuggets formed by melt-solidification may not be continuously generated during seam welding, it is also required. The layer melts and a perfect metal bond is obtained along the weld line. Therefore, in this portion, sufficient bonding strength can be obtained in the press contact state, and the yield and quality of the product can be improved.
- the metal foil tube is formed so as to form an overlapped portion, and the opposite sides are welded. Since this welded part is finished smoothly, even a very thin metal foil can be surely finished in a tube shape.
- forming instead of rolling the metal foil at once, positioning it, winding it around a core rod having an electrode, and then forming the overlapped portion and then welding it, it is possible to perform extremely precise forming and welding becomes easy. Since the overlapping portion is also formed while adjusting the overlap margin, more precise molding is possible. As long as the overlap margin (X) satisfies X ⁇ 40 + 5 t (unit: / zm) as the thickness (t), both ends can be welded and connected even with extremely thin metal foil.
- welding is an electric resistance welding method, welding control is simple and extremely thin metal foil can be produced satisfactorily.
- a fixed electrode member is provided on a core rod serving as an inner mold, a movable electrode member is provided opposite to the fixed electrode member, and a metal foil is sandwiched between the two members, and the both ends of the metal foil can be joined accurately.
- the manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is provided with a forming apparatus for holding a metal foil plate which can be closely separated from a core rod having a circular cross section perpendicular to the axis, so that the plate thickness is 10 to: L00 ⁇ m. Even if it is an extremely thin metal foil, the opposite side can be welded after forming so as to form the overlapped portion, and the tube can be surely finished.
- Adjustment of the overlap allowance of the overlapped part can be performed by eccentric devices (cams or rollers) provided inside or outside the core rod, by pressing the non-adhesive part of the metal foil base plate, or by pressing the metal toward the recess formed in the core rod. Since the pressing is performed by a pressing member into which the foil base plate is pressed, more precise forming is possible.
- a fixed electrode member is provided on an inner core rod, a movable electrode member is provided opposite to the fixed electrode member, and a metal foil is sandwiched between the two members. Can be connected well.
- the movable electrode member is an electrode wheel, smooth and accurate welding can be performed. If the hardness of each electrode member and the hardness of the metal foil base plate are almost the same, accurate welding can be performed over a long period of time. It becomes possible.
- the metal foil tube after molding is ejected in the radial direction from the core rod or by using a divided core rod, the metal foil tube can be easily separated from the core rod, and even extremely thin metal foil tubes can be easily removed. It will be possible.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/542,929 US20060150388A1 (en) | 2003-01-12 | 2004-01-19 | Metal foil tube and method and apparatus for production thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003-401052 | 2003-01-12 | ||
JP2003011015 | 2003-01-20 | ||
JP2003-011015 | 2003-01-20 | ||
JP2003401052A JP2004243410A (ja) | 2003-01-20 | 2003-12-01 | 金属箔チューブおよびその製造方法並びに製造装置 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004065032A1 true WO2004065032A1 (ja) | 2004-08-05 |
Family
ID=32775157
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2004/000360 WO2004065032A1 (ja) | 2003-01-12 | 2004-01-19 | 金属箔チューブおよびその製造方法並びに製造装置 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060150388A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2004243410A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20050100623A (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200417428A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004065032A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104589066A (zh) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-05-06 | 浙江卓驰机械有限公司 | 衬圈成型焊接机 |
CN105642711A (zh) * | 2015-10-21 | 2016-06-08 | 北方工业大学 | 悬臂式变高度辊模成形装置以及成形方法 |
CN106077175A (zh) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-09 | 江苏省格来德净水科技有限公司 | 加工设备 |
CN116532905A (zh) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-08-04 | 西安航宇动力控制科技有限公司 | 一种圆柱薄壁耐高压壳体焊接装置 |
Families Citing this family (37)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2430150A1 (fr) * | 2003-06-03 | 2004-12-03 | Cascades Groupe Tissu Inc. | Distributrice de papiers en rouleau munie d'un dispositif de reconnaissance de rouleau |
US7754344B2 (en) | 2004-12-22 | 2010-07-13 | Nippon Steel & Sumikin Stainless Steel Corporation | Ferritic stainless steel welded pipe superior in expandability |
US20080277036A1 (en) * | 2007-05-11 | 2008-11-13 | Luxfer Group Limited | Method for manufacturing tanks |
US8230594B1 (en) * | 2009-05-09 | 2012-07-31 | Bossard Peter R | System and method for welding small diameter tubes into a high-density matrix |
JP5353496B2 (ja) * | 2009-07-06 | 2013-11-27 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 搬送ローラーの製造方法及び搬送ローラー |
US8278598B2 (en) * | 2009-08-14 | 2012-10-02 | Arcelormittal Investigacion Y Desarrollo, S.L. | Methods and systems for resistance spot welding using direct current micro pulses |
WO2011028333A1 (en) | 2009-09-03 | 2011-03-10 | Thermal Structures, Inc. | Planetary resistance welding device and methods therefor |
JP5381961B2 (ja) * | 2010-11-10 | 2014-01-08 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | シーム溶接装置及びシーム溶接方法 |
JP2012189889A (ja) * | 2011-03-11 | 2012-10-04 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | 無端ベルト、定着ベルト、定着装置、及び画像形成装置 |
CN102189360B (zh) * | 2011-03-23 | 2013-10-16 | 无锡华联精工机械有限公司 | 槽道型钢与锚钉自动焊接机的导电机构 |
BR112013030258B1 (pt) | 2011-05-26 | 2019-10-08 | Upl, L.L.C. D/B/A United Pipelines Of America Llc | Aço inoxidável austenítico de base metálica, aço forjado e aço fundido compreendendo o mesmo e método de preparação do referido aço inoxidável |
UA111115C2 (uk) | 2012-04-02 | 2016-03-25 | Ейкей Стіл Пропертіс, Інк. | Рентабельна феритна нержавіюча сталь |
KR101316261B1 (ko) * | 2012-04-10 | 2013-10-10 | 주식회사 포스코 | 심 용접 방법 그리고 용접부를 가지는 강판 |
JP6105993B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-25 | 2017-03-29 | 日新製鋼株式会社 | 抵抗熱により接合されたステンレス鋼箔製成型品 |
US9039814B2 (en) | 2013-04-18 | 2015-05-26 | Saes Pure Gas, Inc. | System and method for welding a plurality of small diameter palladium alloy tubes to a common base plate in a space efficient manner |
JP6378471B2 (ja) * | 2013-07-18 | 2018-08-22 | 日新製鋼株式会社 | 真空断熱パネル |
CN103481017B (zh) * | 2013-09-18 | 2015-11-25 | 沈阳飞机工业(集团)有限公司 | 长梁类薄壁零件的高效加工方法 |
WO2015103267A1 (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2015-07-09 | Methode Electronics, Inc. | Magnetoelastic sensor |
JP6472317B2 (ja) * | 2014-04-28 | 2019-02-20 | キヤノン株式会社 | 金属基材、定着部材及び熱定着装置 |
JP6379819B2 (ja) * | 2014-07-31 | 2018-08-29 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 重ね溶接部材、重ね溶接部材の重ね抵抗シーム溶接方法及び重ね溶接部を備える自動車用重ね溶接部材 |
KR101582095B1 (ko) * | 2014-08-18 | 2016-01-04 | (주) 세화정공 | 직선 자동 용접장치를 이용한 용접방법 |
US10610982B2 (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2020-04-07 | General Electric Company | Weld filler metal for superalloys and methods of making |
CN105478563B (zh) * | 2016-01-20 | 2017-12-26 | 江苏科技大学 | 一种蛋形耐压壳制作装置及制造方法 |
JP6551940B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-30 | 2019-07-31 | 日鉄日新製鋼株式会社 | 屋外用ケーブル保護管の製造方法 |
CN105904075B (zh) * | 2016-04-22 | 2018-01-23 | 燕山大学 | 一种erw管焊缝开口角柔性化闭环控制的实验装置 |
CN107312977B (zh) * | 2017-07-19 | 2018-05-18 | 广州鑫远金属科技有限公司 | 水冷滑轨的送粉式激光3d打印制作方法及水冷滑轨 |
JP6879133B2 (ja) * | 2017-09-05 | 2021-06-02 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | オーステナイト系ステンレス溶接部材 |
JP7027122B2 (ja) * | 2017-10-27 | 2022-03-01 | シロキ工業株式会社 | 車両用ドアサッシュのシーム溶接方法 |
US11207722B2 (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2021-12-28 | Amsted Rail Company, Inc. | Systems and methods for manufacturing a ring from a metal sheet |
GB201815121D0 (en) | 2018-09-17 | 2018-10-31 | Crown Packaging Technology Inc | Welding of can bodies |
CA3162004A1 (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2021-06-03 | Cascade Corporation | Connection between forks and hangers on forks |
KR102225376B1 (ko) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-03-09 | 조재훈 | 이중관의 용접장치 |
CN112296547A (zh) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-02-02 | 重庆长江电工工业集团有限公司 | 一种子弹盒片材焊接装置以及子弹盒片材焊接方法 |
KR102456491B1 (ko) * | 2020-11-06 | 2022-10-20 | 한국생산기술연구원 | 딥러닝 기반 깡통 용접 불량 검출 시스템과 이를 이용한 불량 검출 방법 |
CN113695436B (zh) * | 2021-09-03 | 2023-08-01 | 广西恒达电机科技有限公司 | 一种电机线圈并头套自动加工装置 |
CN114622144A (zh) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-06-14 | 威海多特瑞自动化设备有限公司 | 一种抗腐蚀一体成型涡街流量计壳体材料及其加工工艺 |
KR102530167B1 (ko) * | 2022-11-24 | 2023-05-08 | 양성희 | Sus 튜브 내 유리막 브레이징 방법 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH02197318A (ja) * | 1989-01-25 | 1990-08-03 | Nippon Steel Corp | 薄肉金属管の製造方法 |
JPH0361322A (ja) * | 1989-07-28 | 1991-03-18 | Nippon Steel Corp | 伸線性ならびに冷間圧延性に優れたオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼の製造方法 |
JPH08146804A (ja) * | 1994-11-15 | 1996-06-07 | Brother Ind Ltd | 定着用加熱ローラ |
-
2003
- 2003-12-01 JP JP2003401052A patent/JP2004243410A/ja active Pending
-
2004
- 2004-01-19 US US10/542,929 patent/US20060150388A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-01-19 KR KR1020057013294A patent/KR20050100623A/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2004-01-19 WO PCT/JP2004/000360 patent/WO2004065032A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-01-20 TW TW093101640A patent/TW200417428A/zh unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH02197318A (ja) * | 1989-01-25 | 1990-08-03 | Nippon Steel Corp | 薄肉金属管の製造方法 |
JPH0361322A (ja) * | 1989-07-28 | 1991-03-18 | Nippon Steel Corp | 伸線性ならびに冷間圧延性に優れたオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼の製造方法 |
JPH08146804A (ja) * | 1994-11-15 | 1996-06-07 | Brother Ind Ltd | 定着用加熱ローラ |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104589066A (zh) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-05-06 | 浙江卓驰机械有限公司 | 衬圈成型焊接机 |
CN105642711A (zh) * | 2015-10-21 | 2016-06-08 | 北方工业大学 | 悬臂式变高度辊模成形装置以及成形方法 |
CN105642711B (zh) * | 2015-10-21 | 2018-05-18 | 北方工业大学 | 一种基于悬臂式变高度辊模成形装置的悬臂式变高度辊模成形方法 |
CN106077175A (zh) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-09 | 江苏省格来德净水科技有限公司 | 加工设备 |
CN116532905A (zh) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-08-04 | 西安航宇动力控制科技有限公司 | 一种圆柱薄壁耐高压壳体焊接装置 |
CN116532905B (zh) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-09-01 | 西安航宇动力控制科技有限公司 | 一种圆柱薄壁耐高压壳体焊接装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20050100623A (ko) | 2005-10-19 |
JP2004243410A (ja) | 2004-09-02 |
US20060150388A1 (en) | 2006-07-13 |
TW200417428A (en) | 2004-09-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2004065032A1 (ja) | 金属箔チューブおよびその製造方法並びに製造装置 | |
US6515250B2 (en) | Electric joining method and apparatus and a joined unit of members | |
US11745287B2 (en) | Metal material solid-phase bonding method and solid-phase bonding device | |
EP1637270B1 (en) | Method of liquid phase diffusion bonding of metallic machine parts | |
JP4676421B2 (ja) | 連続製造工程のためのレーザー溶接方法 | |
US20080041922A1 (en) | Hybrid Resistance/Ultrasonic Welding System and Method | |
US4497102A (en) | Process for manufacturing a piston ring | |
JP2004114146A (ja) | 圧入接合構造及び圧入接合方法 | |
WO2021182444A1 (ja) | 固相点接合方法及び固相点接合装置 | |
US4499643A (en) | Process for manufacturing a piston ring | |
CN112589105B (zh) | 一种冷轧支承辊的修复方法 | |
JP6225717B2 (ja) | 溶接継手の形成方法 | |
JP3115982B2 (ja) | 電着ドラム用チタンリングの製造方法 | |
JP2002339094A (ja) | 電解金属箔製造用ドラムのチタンリング製造方法およびその装置 | |
JPS63260683A (ja) | 二相ステンレス鋼クラツド鋼管の製造法 | |
JPS594984A (ja) | ピストンリングの製造方法 | |
JPS63104789A (ja) | ステンレスクラツド鋼の製造方法 | |
JP3785420B2 (ja) | 直流バット溶接性に優れたホイールリム用アルミニウム合金板、その製造方法およびホイールリムの製造方法 | |
JP2006272545A (ja) | 圧入接合構造及び圧入接合方法 | |
JP2002263853A (ja) | 高温用機械部品の組み立て接合方法 | |
JPH11342478A (ja) | 溶射皮膜の接合方法及び該方法で製造された連続鋳造用鋳型 | |
JPH03248703A (ja) | 熱間圧延用作業ロールおよびその製造方法 | |
JPH08281458A (ja) | オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼溶接管の製造方法 | |
JPH10277752A (ja) | 多重巻金属管およびその製造方法 | |
JP2002263856A (ja) | 高温用機械部品の組み立て接合方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BW GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1020057013294 Country of ref document: KR |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2006150388 Country of ref document: US Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 10542929 Country of ref document: US Ref document number: 20048025060 Country of ref document: CN |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1020057013294 Country of ref document: KR |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase | ||
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 10542929 Country of ref document: US |