WO2004060800A1 - 単層カーボンナノチューブの製造方法および製造装置 - Google Patents
単層カーボンナノチューブの製造方法および製造装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004060800A1 WO2004060800A1 PCT/JP2003/017056 JP0317056W WO2004060800A1 WO 2004060800 A1 WO2004060800 A1 WO 2004060800A1 JP 0317056 W JP0317056 W JP 0317056W WO 2004060800 A1 WO2004060800 A1 WO 2004060800A1
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- Prior art keywords
- walled carbon
- organic solvent
- organometallic compound
- producing
- carbon nanotube
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
- C01B32/158—Carbon nanotubes
- C01B32/16—Preparation
- C01B32/162—Preparation characterised by catalysts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2202/00—Structure or properties of carbon nanotubes
- C01B2202/02—Single-walled nanotubes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a single-walled carbon nanotube comprising a graphene sheet layer, and particularly to a method for spraying an organometallic compound dissolved in an organic solvent into a high-temperature reactor to obtain high purity and high yield.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing single-walled carbon nanotubes by using the method and an apparatus for performing the method. Background art
- a carbon nanotube is a single carbon cluster with a cross-sectional diameter of 10 Onm or less, in which a graph ensheet in which carbon atoms are arranged in a hexagonal mesh has a cylindrical shape.
- SWNTs single-walled carbon nanotubes
- SWNTs are produced by arc discharge.
- a carbon electrode is mixed with metal and carbon by using a hydrocarbon gas as a carbon source and a mixed gas of helium and hydrogen as a carrier gas.
- a method using an electrode is disclosed.
- researchers at Rice University used a conventional laser pulse method such as Sma 11ey to vaporize carbon and float metal catalyst fine particles such as konoleto near the focal point of the laser.
- Japanese Patent No. 27377736 discloses a method as a high-frequency plasma method, in which a hydrocarbon gas and a powdery metal catalyst are blown into a rare gas atmosphere into electrodeless high-frequency plasma.
- a method of supporting a metal fine particle catalyst such as iron or cobalt on an anodized film and generating low-pressure low-ionization gas plasma by microwave discharge to react carbon and hydrogen is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-111. It is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 0191917.
- the metal catalyst is brought into contact with the carbon source in a reaction space in a substantially real space in a reaction field, so that the collision between the carbon source and the metal catalyst is efficient, and the amount of carbon source Requires a relatively large amount of metal catalyst.
- these catalysts remain as impurities in the SWNTs, and this metal removal operation results in defects on the highly reactive SWNT surface.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for producing high-purity single-walled carbon nanotubes with a small amount of impurities such as catalyst metals by a gas phase synthesis method by chemical pyrolysis in a high yield. I do. Disclosure of the invention
- a raw material gas serving as a carbon source is introduced into a reaction vessel together with a carrier gas, and at the same time, a metal ultrafine particle catalyst is introduced to carry out the reaction at 800 to L200 ° C. This is a method for obtaining bon nanotubes.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing a conventional reactor used for the pyrolysis method.
- metal fine particles of a catalyst are placed on a substrate and stored in a reaction furnace, and when heated to a reaction temperature, the raw material gas and a carrier gas are passed through to decompose the raw material gas to generate carbon nanotubes. Collect in one.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an entire apparatus for carrying out the present invention
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a reaction furnace.
- the present invention relates to a method for synthesizing single-walled carbon nanotubes by a gas phase synthesis method of carbon nanotubes by thermal decomposition, wherein the carbon nanotubes are heated to 50 to 600 ° C. in a rare gas atmosphere of 500 T 0 rr or less.
- a solution obtained by dissolving a catalyst made of an organometallic compound in an organic solvent is pressurized with an inert gas and injected from a pore nozzle.
- the mixed gas of the organic solvent and the organometallic compound degassed in the preheating furnace is heated to 550 to 100 ° C. in a rare gas atmosphere of 500 Torr or less adjacent to the preheating furnace.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a SWNT reactor of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a view showing the entire manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a scanning electron micrograph of the SWNT manufactured in Example 2.
- FIG. 4 is a transmission electron micrograph of the SWNT manufactured in Example 2.
- FIG. 5 is a Raman spectrum diagram of the SWNTs manufactured in Examples 1 to 3.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing a conventional SWNT reactor.
- FIG. 7 is a scanning electron micrograph of SWNT manufactured in Comparative Example 2.
- FIG. 8 is a Raman spectrum diagram of SWNTs manufactured in Comparative Examples 1 to 3.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the results of thermomass spectrometry of the SWNTs manufactured in Example and Comparative Example 4.
- the organometallic compound is decomposed in a reaction furnace to generate fine metal particles and acts as a catalyst.
- Such compounds include Feguchisen, Conoretocene, and Nickel Examples thereof include meta-mouth sen such as ruthene, and iron pen carbonate carbonyl (Fe (CO) 5 ).
- the organic solvent is a solvent for dissolving the organometallic compound and also a raw material for the carbon nanotube.
- examples of the organic solvent include alcohols such as ethanol, methanol, and propanol, ethers such as dimethyl ether, and ethyl ether, and ketones.
- the organometallic compound is used after being dissolved in an organic solvent to a concentration of 0.01 to: L mass%, preferably 0.05 to 0.2 mass%. If the amount is less than 0.01% by mass, the effect as a catalyst is not exhibited. If the amount exceeds 1% by mass, the metal in the catalyst is increased in the single-walled carbon nanotube of the product, which is not preferable.
- the inert gas that can be used in the present invention is preferably a rare gas such as helium or argon, and the inert gas introduced into the reactor may contain 5% by mass or less of hydrogen.
- the reactor shown in FIG. 1 includes a preheating section, a main heating section, a growth section, and holding means for heating and holding each section at a predetermined temperature.
- the operating temperature of the preheating section is 50-600 ° C, preferably 100-400 ° C; the main heating section is 550-1000 ° C; Thermal decomposition of carbon raw material).
- the growth section anneals the carbon atoms generated by the decomposition of the carbon material in the main heating section at a lower temperature than the main heating section to grow the graph ensheet.
- the nozzle that sprays the solution of the organometallic compound in the organic solvent has a diameter of 0.01 to 1 mm, and sprays the solution as fine droplets to the preheating section of the reactor at a back pressure of 100 to 1000 Torr. I do.
- the reactor before spraying should be no more than 1 Torr with noble gas.
- the sprayed droplets are heated and vaporized in the preheating unit. Since all of the sprayed liquid is vaporized, the mixed gas is kept at a constant mixing ratio between the organometallic compound and the organic solvent.
- the organic metal compound is thermally decomposed in the main heating section to generate fine metal particles, and the organic solvent as a carbon source is decomposed by using the metal particles as a catalyst to generate carbon atoms.
- this is annealed in the growth section to form a graph ensheet. Lengthen.
- the supply of the raw materials to the reaction furnace may be performed after evaporating a solution in which an organic metal compound is dissolved in an organic solvent.
- This method is the most effective method for industrialization because it is not necessary to vaporize the solution by spraying the above solution into the furnace.
- an evaporator for evaporating the solution a supply system for supplying the evaporated solution into the furnace, a preheating unit and a main heating unit similar to the above configuration are provided. It is desirable to have a growth part.
- the preheating furnace is 20 cm long and the main heating furnace is 30 cm long.
- the preheating furnace maintained at 300 ° C and the main heating furnace maintained at 800 ° C, 900 ° C, and 1000 ° C
- 0.2 mass% ferrocene was pressurized with argon gas to a back pressure of 50 OTor.
- the evening solution was sprayed from a 0.1 mm nozzle into the glass tube at a rate of 1 g / min.
- the Hue-mouth ethanol solution was vaporized in the preheating furnace, and the gas pressure became about 2 OO Torr.
- SWNT was observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Raman spectroscopy was performed. SEM photographs, TEM photographs and Raman spectra at a main heating temperature of 900 ° C are shown in Figs. Comparative Examples 1 to 3
- SWNTs were manufactured using the conventional reactor shown in FIG. 6 by the process shown in FIG. 2 in the same manner as in Example 1 above.
- the heating furnace is 30 cm long. Put solid fluorocene as a catalyst in the substrate and put it in the heating part. With the heating furnace kept at 800 ° C, 900 ° C, and 1000 ° C, evacuate the equipment, and then pressurize the ethanol vapor pressure at room temperature. Flowed ethanol through the tube at approximately 10 Torr. Ethanol was decomposed in the reactor to form SWNTs. The generated SWNTs were trapped in a membrane with a membrane filter with a pore size of 5 zm.
- the SWNT yield at each reaction temperature was about 30% on a mass basis with respect to the mass of iron and total carbon in Fe-ethanol.
- the obtained SWNT was observed by SEM, and Raman spectroscopy was performed.
- the amount of SWNT generated in the reaction system is determined according to the number of collisions between the carbon source ethanol and the catalyst. Therefore, the system
- the ethanol is supplied at a pressure of 500 Torr, many carbon sources exist in the system. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a sufficient collision probability without using a large amount of the catalyst with respect to the amount of the carbon source in the system, and it is possible to generate SWNT at a high yield. Further, since the amount of the catalyst with respect to the carbon source is small, the amount of the catalyst adhering to SWNT can be reduced.
- a solution comprising a carbon source and a catalyst source is sprayed.
- a carbon source and a catalyst source are supplied to the reactor (main heating section).
- both are present in a state of molecules that are not aggregated in the reaction furnace, and can be efficiently decomposed into a catalyst and carbon atoms, so that the raw material efficiency can be further increased.
- an organic metal compound is heated in an atmosphere of an inert gas to decompose and aggregate the organic metal to form fine metal particles of about 1 nm.
- a carbon source such as alcohol at a higher temperature using a catalyst to grow carbon nanotubes. If the heating rate is not appropriate, a large amount of catalyst having a large particle size is generated.
- a catalyst with a large particle size does not effectively contribute to the production of single-walled carbon nanotubes, And adhere to SWNTs as impurities.
- FIG. 9 shows the thermomass spectrometry data of SWNT generated by the above method together with the thermomass spectrometry data of SWNT generated in the example of the present invention.
- the thermal mass spectrometry data of SWNT according to the embodiment of the present invention are different from those of comparative example 4 in that (1) the combustion temperature is higher, and (2) the amount of increase in mass around 300 ° C. (3) There is a large difference between the three points: (3) The amount of mass reduction at 400 ° C or more is large.
- the difference in combustion temperature indicates the difference in the amount of defects in the generated single-walled carbon nanotubes and the difference in the amount of catalyst that has not been used effectively in the system. Defective SWNTs burn at low temperatures. When a large amount of catalyst metal is not used effectively, the catalyst metal becomes a combustion catalyst and induces the combustion of SWNT, so that SWNT burns at a low temperature. Therefore, it can be seen that the SWNT of this example having a high combustion temperature in the thermal mass spectrometry has few defects and is produced by effectively utilizing the catalytic metal.
- An increase in mass below 300 ° C indicates oxidation of the catalyst metal, and a difference in the increase indicates a difference in the amount of catalyst metal that was not used effectively.
- Catalyst metal that has not been effectively used is easily oxidized, whereas catalyst metal that has been effectively used is present inside the SWNT and is not oxidized until the SWNT is burned. Therefore, it can be seen that the SWNT of the present example having a small increase in mass has a smaller amount of catalyst metal that has not been used effectively than the sample of Comparative Example 4.
- the catalyst metal that is not used effectively forms particles of about 1 Onm, but the particles of about 10 nm found in the TEM photograph correspond to this. In addition, it can be seen from the TEM photograph that amorphous carbon is hardly recognized.
- a decrease in mass above 400 ° C indicates combustion of carbon nanotubes, and the difference in mass ratio between a mass reduced and saturated state indicates the amount of impurities contained in carbon nanotubes. Is shown. That is, in the method of the present invention, SWNTs with higher purity than the SWNT of Comparative Example 4 can be produced. According to the production method of the present invention, SWNTs with clearly high purity can be obtained in high yield. Industrial applicability
- the single-walled carbon nanotube produced according to the present invention is useful as an electronic material and a functional material.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AU2003292716A AU2003292716A1 (en) | 2002-12-27 | 2003-12-26 | Process and apparatus for producing single-walled carbon nanotube |
US10/540,826 US20060073275A1 (en) | 2002-12-27 | 2003-12-26 | Process and apparatus for producing single-walled carbon nanotube |
JP2004564564A JP4443423B2 (ja) | 2002-12-27 | 2003-12-26 | 単層カーボンナノチューブの製造方法および製造装置 |
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JP2002382007 | 2002-12-27 | ||
JP2002-382007 | 2002-12-27 |
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WO2004060800A1 true WO2004060800A1 (ja) | 2004-07-22 |
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PCT/JP2003/017056 WO2004060800A1 (ja) | 2002-12-27 | 2003-12-26 | 単層カーボンナノチューブの製造方法および製造装置 |
Country Status (4)
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US (1) | US20060073275A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4443423B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003292716A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004060800A1 (ja) |
Cited By (7)
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JPWO2006030642A1 (ja) * | 2004-09-17 | 2008-05-15 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | ナノカプセル型構造体 |
US7518045B2 (en) * | 2004-09-20 | 2009-04-14 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Method of preparing carbon nanocages |
CN101941695A (zh) * | 2010-09-09 | 2011-01-12 | 北京化工大学 | 一种石墨烯的合成方法 |
JP2015143187A (ja) * | 2009-07-27 | 2015-08-06 | アプライド グラフェン マテリアルズ ユーケー リミテッド | 金属アルコキシドからグラフェンの製造 |
KR20150122943A (ko) * | 2014-04-24 | 2015-11-03 | 재단법인 한국탄소융합기술원 | 금속캡슐 탄소나노튜브 필러의 제조방법 |
JP2016222530A (ja) * | 2015-05-28 | 2016-12-28 | コリア インスティチュート オブ エナジー リサーチ | 窒素ドーピングされた多孔質グラフェンカバーの形成方法 |
CN117165914A (zh) * | 2023-11-03 | 2023-12-05 | 山东海化集团有限公司 | 一种气相沉积碳包覆改性普鲁士蓝类钠电正极材料的方法及由该方法制备的正极材料 |
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US8354294B2 (en) | 2006-01-24 | 2013-01-15 | De Rochemont L Pierre | Liquid chemical deposition apparatus and process and products therefrom |
CN100443403C (zh) * | 2006-11-09 | 2008-12-17 | 上海交通大学 | 连续合成大直径单壁碳纳米管的方法 |
US20090004075A1 (en) * | 2007-06-26 | 2009-01-01 | Viko System Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for mass production of carbon nanotubes using high-frequency heating furnace |
WO2009029984A1 (en) * | 2007-09-03 | 2009-03-12 | Newsouth Innovations Pty Limited | Graphene |
US7790242B1 (en) | 2007-10-09 | 2010-09-07 | University Of Louisville Research Foundation, Inc. | Method for electrostatic deposition of graphene on a substrate |
WO2012105777A2 (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2012-08-09 | Samsung Techwin Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for manufacturing graphene |
KR101912798B1 (ko) | 2011-01-31 | 2018-10-30 | 한화에어로스페이스 주식회사 | 그래핀 합성장치 및 합성방법 |
CA2857947C (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2015-08-04 | Peerless Worldwide, Llc | Facile synthesis of graphene, graphene derivatives and abrasive nanoparticles and their various uses, including as tribologically-beneficial lubricant additives |
US9896338B1 (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2018-02-20 | Mainstream Engineering Corporation | Segregated flow reactor and method for growth of ultra-long carbon nanotubes |
KR101813584B1 (ko) | 2015-09-02 | 2017-12-29 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 탄소나노구조체 및 이의 제조 방법 |
CN116692834B (zh) * | 2023-07-26 | 2024-02-20 | 烯格沃(上海)纳米技术有限公司 | 一种单壁碳纳米管反应装置及制备方法 |
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- 2003-12-26 AU AU2003292716A patent/AU2003292716A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-26 US US10/540,826 patent/US20060073275A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-26 JP JP2004564564A patent/JP4443423B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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RAO C.N.R. ET AL.: "Synthesis of multi-walled and single-walled nanotubes, aligned-nanotube bundles and nanorods by employing organometallic precursors", MATERIALS RESEARCH INNOVATIONS, vol. 2, no. 3, November 1998 (1998-11-01), pages 128 - 141, XP002903792 * |
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Cited By (10)
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JPWO2006030642A1 (ja) * | 2004-09-17 | 2008-05-15 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | ナノカプセル型構造体 |
JP5168683B2 (ja) * | 2004-09-17 | 2013-03-21 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | ナノカプセル型構造体 |
US7518045B2 (en) * | 2004-09-20 | 2009-04-14 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Method of preparing carbon nanocages |
JP2015143187A (ja) * | 2009-07-27 | 2015-08-06 | アプライド グラフェン マテリアルズ ユーケー リミテッド | 金属アルコキシドからグラフェンの製造 |
CN101941695A (zh) * | 2010-09-09 | 2011-01-12 | 北京化工大学 | 一种石墨烯的合成方法 |
KR20150122943A (ko) * | 2014-04-24 | 2015-11-03 | 재단법인 한국탄소융합기술원 | 금속캡슐 탄소나노튜브 필러의 제조방법 |
KR101627407B1 (ko) | 2014-04-24 | 2016-06-07 | 재단법인 한국탄소융합기술원 | 금속캡슐 탄소나노튜브 필러의 제조방법 |
JP2016222530A (ja) * | 2015-05-28 | 2016-12-28 | コリア インスティチュート オブ エナジー リサーチ | 窒素ドーピングされた多孔質グラフェンカバーの形成方法 |
US9947926B2 (en) | 2015-05-28 | 2018-04-17 | Korea Institute Of Energy Research | Method of forming nitrogen-doped porous graphene envelope |
CN117165914A (zh) * | 2023-11-03 | 2023-12-05 | 山东海化集团有限公司 | 一种气相沉积碳包覆改性普鲁士蓝类钠电正极材料的方法及由该方法制备的正极材料 |
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JPWO2004060800A1 (ja) | 2006-05-11 |
JP4443423B2 (ja) | 2010-03-31 |
AU2003292716A1 (en) | 2004-07-29 |
US20060073275A1 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
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