WO2004040344A1 - 光合分波器及び光合分波器の製造方法 - Google Patents
光合分波器及び光合分波器の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004040344A1 WO2004040344A1 PCT/JP2003/013899 JP0313899W WO2004040344A1 WO 2004040344 A1 WO2004040344 A1 WO 2004040344A1 JP 0313899 W JP0313899 W JP 0313899W WO 2004040344 A1 WO2004040344 A1 WO 2004040344A1
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- demultiplexer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
- G02B6/2938—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device for multiplexing or demultiplexing, i.e. combining or separating wavelengths, e.g. 1xN, NxM
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29346—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by wave or beam interference
- G02B6/29361—Interference filters, e.g. multilayer coatings, thin film filters, dichroic splitters or mirrors based on multilayers, WDM filters
- G02B6/29362—Serial cascade of filters or filtering operations, e.g. for a large number of channels
- G02B6/29365—Serial cascade of filters or filtering operations, e.g. for a large number of channels in a multireflection configuration, i.e. beam following a zigzag path between filters or filtering operations
- G02B6/29367—Zigzag path within a transparent optical block, e.g. filter deposited on an etalon, glass plate, wedge acting as a stable spacer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/32—Optical coupling means having lens focusing means positioned between opposed fibre ends
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
- G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
- G02B6/3897—Connectors fixed to housings, casing, frames or circuit boards
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B2006/12083—Constructional arrangements
- G02B2006/12102—Lens
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B2006/12083—Constructional arrangements
- G02B2006/12114—Prism
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B2006/12133—Functions
- G02B2006/12164—Multiplexing; Demultiplexing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
- G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
- G02B6/381—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a multi-channel and small optical multiplexer / demultiplexer, and to a method for manufacturing the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer. '' Background technology '''
- optical communication using an optical fiber cable as a signal transmission medium has been developed until it can be used in each home, and a wavelength multiplexing transmission method in which optical signals having different wavelengths are multiplexed and transmitted through a single optical fiber has been developed.
- the communication networks used are expanding. Along with this, it is necessary to multiplex a plurality of lights with different wavelengths, to reduce the size of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer that demultiplexes the wavelength-multiplexed light for each wavelength, and to mass-produce it at low cost. ing.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing a configuration of an optical demultiplexer 1 according to a conventional example (Japanese Patent Publication No. JP-A-60-184425).
- the optical demultiplexer 1 shown in FIG. 1 has five collimators 3 a, 3 b, and 5 in which a ball lens 4 and optical fibers 2 a, 2 b, 2 c, 2 d, and 2 e are integrated and arranged in parallel. 3c,, 3d, 3e, a glass body 6 having two surfaces 6a, 6c parallel to each other and a surface 6b orthogonal thereto, and arranged in parallel on the surface 6a of the glass body 6.
- the interference filters 5a, 5b, 5c, and 5d which transmit only light in the specific wavelength bands 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, and 4, respectively, and the surface 6c of the glass body 6 It is composed of a reflection mirror 7 in close contact.
- the light beam (wavelength; 11, 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, and ⁇ 4) emitted from the collimator 3a and incident on the glass body 6 is The light is totally reflected by the surface 6b, further totally reflected by the surface 6c (reflection mirror 7), and enters the interference film filter 5a.
- the light of wavelength ⁇ 1 transmitted through the interference film filter 5a enters the collimator 3b, so that light of wavelength ⁇ 1 can be extracted from the light emitting end of the optical fiber 2b.
- the lights of wavelengths ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, and 4 reflected by the interference filter 5a are further totally reflected by the reflection mirror 7, enter the interference filter 5b, and pass through the interference filter 5b.
- Light having a wavelength of I2 is incident on the collimator 3c.
- the lights of 2, 3, and 4 can be extracted from the light emitting ends of the optical fibers 2b, 2c, 2d, and 2e, respectively.
- the light emitted from the collimator 3a must be incident obliquely toward the surface 6a of the glass body 6, so that the number of wavelengths to be demultiplexed (or As the number of optical fibers increases, the distance from the collimator 3a to the surface 6a of the glass body becomes longer, causing a problem that the optical demultiplexer 1 becomes larger.
- the positions of the collimators 3a to 3e and the glass body 6 are determined, the plurality of interference film filters 5a to 5d are attached to the glass body 6 one by one with high accuracy, and the reflection mirror 7 is precisely attached to the glass Since the manufacturing process such as forming into the body 6 was complicated, the production efficiency could not be improved, and it was difficult to reduce the cost. Disclosure of the invention
- the first optical multiplexer / demultiplexer of the present invention reflects light between the light reflecting surface and each wavelength selecting element by opposing the plurality of wavelength selecting elements having different transmission wavelength ranges and the light reflecting surface.
- the light guide means is coupled to light in a wavelength range such that an optical axis direction is substantially perpendicular to an arrangement direction of the wavelength selection elements.
- a plurality of light input / output means are arranged on the same side as the transmission means, and the optical axis directions of the light transmitted through the respective wavelength selection elements are respectively converted to be parallel to the optical axis direction of the light input / output means.
- a deflecting element for converting light parallel to the optical axis direction of the light input / output means into the optical axis direction of light transmitted through each wavelength selecting element is provided between the light input / output means and each wavelength selecting element. It is provided in. .
- an optical fiber or an optical waveguide can be used as the transmission means.
- the light input / output means an optical fiber, an optical waveguide, a light emitting element such as a semiconductor laser element, a light receiving element such as a photodiode, or the like is used.
- a filter, a diffraction grating, a diffraction element such as a CGH element, or the like can be used as the wavelength selection element.
- the deflecting element may be constituted by a lens which is not rotationally symmetric about its central axis. A spherical lens or a non-spherical lens arranged so that the center of the cross section of the transmitted light flux is deviated from the optical axis.
- the optical axis direction of light refers to the direction in which light passes through the center of the cross section of the light beam.
- the optical axes of the light passing through each wavelength selection element are respectively input to the light input / output section by using a deflection element provided between the optical input / output means and each wavelength selection element.
- the optical axis of the output means is converted to the optical axis of the light input / output means, or the optical axis of the light input / output means is converted to the optical axis of the light passing through each wavelength selection element.
- a plurality of light input / output means can be arranged on the same side as the transmission means with respect to the light guide means so as to be substantially perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the selection elements. Therefore, even if the number of wavelengths or wavelength ranges to be demultiplexed or multiplexed by the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer is increased, it is difficult to increase the size of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer.
- an antireflection film is provided in the middle of the optical path between the transmission means and the light guide means. Therefore, when the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer is used as a demultiplexer, it is possible to reduce the aperture due to the reflection of the light emitted from the transmission means on the surface of the light guide means.
- the antireflection film may be arranged in parallel with each of the wavelength selection elements so that the surface thereof is flush with the surface of each of the wavelength selection elements, or is arranged so as to overlap the filter. You may.
- the second optical multiplexer / demultiplexer includes a light reflecting surface and a plurality of wavelength selecting elements arranged in a plane parallel to the light reflecting surface and having different transmission wavelength ranges from each other.
- a plurality of second optical fibers for transmitting light of a specific wavelength or wavelength range are arranged, and the optical axis of each optical fiber is substantially perpendicular to the surface on which the wavelength selection element is arranged.
- An optical fiber array and one or a plurality of deflecting elements arranged to face the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber, for bending an optical axis direction of transmitted light.
- the first optical fiber enters and exits the light guide means at an angle.
- the second optical fiber is coupled to the light of each wavelength obliquely entering and exiting the light guide means via the deflecting element, respectively. is there.
- the deflecting element may be constituted by a lens that is not rotationally symmetric about its central axis.
- a spherical lens arranged so that the center of the cross section of the transmitted light flux deviates from the optical axis It may be constituted by a spherical lens or an anamorphic lens, or may be constituted by a prism and a lens, or may be constituted by a mirror and a lens.
- the second optical multiplexer / demultiplexer of the present invention light of a plurality of wavelengths is transmitted through the first optical fiber and made incident on the deflecting element, and the optical axis of the light is bent by the deflecting element and directed toward the light guide means.
- the light of each wavelength transmitted through the wavelength selection element is incident on the deflection element while reflecting the light at the wavelength selection element and the light reflecting surface of the light guide means, and the light is reflected obliquely.
- the light having different wavelengths transmitted through the second optical fiber is incident on each of the second optical fibers and transmitted to extract the demultiplexed light. Can be.
- the second optical multiplexer / demultiplexer of the present invention as a multiplexer, light having different wavelengths is transmitted by the second light beams, is incident on the deflection element, and is transmitted through the deflection element. Is obliquely incident on the light guide means, is multiplexed while being reflected by the light reflecting surface and the wavelength selection element, and the multiplexed light is bent by transmitting through the deflecting element and is incident on the first optical fiber. Thus, the combined light can be extracted from the first optical fiber.
- a second optical multiplexer / demultiplexer includes an optical fiber array in which a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber are arranged in parallel, and includes not only the second optical fiber but also the first optical fiber. since the optical axis of the fiber is disposed perpendicular to the wavelength selection element, Ru can be more compact optical multiplexer J:
- the deflection element is bonded and integrated to an end face of the optical fiber array. If the deflecting element is integrated into the optical fiber array in advance, the assembly of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer becomes easy.
- the light guide means, the deflecting element, and the optical fiber array are housed in a case and sealed. If the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer is housed in the case and sealed, the wavelength selection element such as a filter can be particularly protected from moisture, so that the durability is improved.
- a third optical multiplexer / demultiplexer comprises: a light reflecting surface; and a plurality of wavelength selection elements arranged in a plane parallel to the light reflecting surface and having different transmission wavelength ranges from each other.
- a light guide means for guiding light while reflecting light between the wavelength selection element and multiplexing or demultiplexing light having different wavelengths, and an optical axis substantially perpendicular to a surface on which the wavelength selection elements are arranged.
- the polarized light is emitted into a plurality of wavelengths of light emitted obliquely from the light guide means. Bonded via an element, the light emitting element, in which is incident obliquely to the light guide means to emit each wave long light via the deflecting element.
- the transmission means for example, an optical fiber or an optical path can be used.
- a filter, a diffraction grating, or a diffraction element such as a CGH element can be used.
- the deflecting element may be constituted by a lens which is not rotationally symmetric about its central axis, and is arranged and arranged such that the center of the cross section of the transmitted light flux is shifted from the optical axis. It may be constituted by a rectilinear lens, or may be constituted by a prism and a lens, or may be constituted by a mirror and a lens.
- the third optical multiplexer / demultiplexer In the third optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the present invention, light having different wavelengths is emitted from the light emitting element and made incident on the deflection element, and the light transmitted through the deflection element and bent is transmitted to the light guide means.
- the light is obliquely incident and multiplexed while being reflected by the light reflecting surface and the wavelength selection element.
- the multiplexed light is bent by passing through the deflecting element, is incident on the transmission means, and is multiplexed from the transmission means. Light can be extracted. .
- the transmission means and each light emitting element can be arranged in parallel, so that not only the light emitting element but also the optical axis of the transmission means is arranged perpendicular to the wavelength selection element.
- the size of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer can be reduced.
- a fourth optical multiplexer / demultiplexer includes: a light reflecting surface; and a plurality of wavelength selection elements arranged in a plane parallel to the light reflecting surface and having different transmission wavelengths from each other.
- Light guiding means for guiding light while reflecting light between the selecting elements and multiplexing or demultiplexing lights having different wavelengths, such that an optical axis is substantially perpendicular to a surface on which the wavelength selecting elements are arranged.
- Transmitting means for transmitting light of a plurality of wavelengths disposed; a plurality of light receiving elements disposed such that an optical axis thereof is substantially perpendicular to a surface on which the wavelength selection elements are arranged; One or more deflecting elements arranged to face the light receiving element for bending an optical axis direction of light to be transmitted, wherein the transmitting means has a plurality of wavelengths obliquely incident on the light guiding means.
- the light receiving element is coupled to the light through the deflecting element, The light of each wavelength obliquely emitted from the light guide means is respectively applied to the deflection element. The light is received via the.
- the transmission means for example, an optical fiber or an optical waveguide can be used.
- a filter, a diffraction grating, or a diffraction element such as a CGH element can be used.
- the deflecting element may be constituted by a lens that is not rotationally symmetric about its central axis, and is arranged so that the center of the cross section of the transmitted light flux is displaced from the optical axis. It may be constituted by a lens, or may be constituted by a prism and a lens, or may be constituted by a mirror and a lens.
- the light having a plurality of wavelengths is transmitted by the transmission means, made incident on the deflecting element, and bent by the deflecting element, whereby the light is obliquely directed toward the light guiding means.
- the light is emitted, the light of each wavelength transmitted through the wavelength selection element is demultiplexed while the light is reflected by the wavelength selection element and the light reflecting surface of the light guide means, and the light of each wavelength is incident on the deflection element and bent.
- the transmitted light is transmitted through the deflecting element, and the separated light is received by each light receiving element and transmitted.
- the transmission means and the light receiving element can be arranged in parallel, not only the light receiving element but also the optical axis of the transmission means is arranged perpendicular to the wavelength selection element. In this case, the size of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer can be reduced.
- a fifth optical multiplexer / demultiplexer includes: a light reflecting surface; and a plurality of wavelength selection elements arranged in a plane parallel to the light reflecting surface and having different transmission wavelengths from each other.
- a light guiding means for guiding light while reflecting light between the selecting element and multiplexing or demultiplexing light having different wavelengths, and an optical axis being substantially perpendicular to a surface on which the wavelength selecting element is arranged.
- a plurality of light input means arranged in such a manner that the optical axis is substantially perpendicular to the surface on which the wavelength selection elements are arranged, and the light input means and the light input means are arranged along the arrangement direction of the wavelength selection elements.
- the first transmission means for transmitting light of a plurality of wavelengths, wherein the optical axis is substantially perpendicular to the surface on which the wavelength selection elements are arranged.
- a plurality of optical output means arranged in such a manner that the optical axis is substantially perpendicular to the surface on which the wavelength selection elements are arranged, and the arrangement direction of the optical input means and the first transmission means.
- One or a plurality of second deflecting elements for bending an optical axis direction of transmitted light
- the light input means includes a pair of plural wavelengths via the deflecting element.
- Outgoing light of each wavelength out of the light to the light guide means The first transmission means is coupled via the deflection element to the set of lights of a plurality of wavelengths obliquely emitted from the light guiding means, and wherein the second transmission means Another set of light of a plurality of wavelengths obliquely incident on the light means is coupled via the second deflecting element, and the light output means respectively emits the different light obliquely emitted from the light guide means.
- an optical fiber or an optical waveguide can be used as the transmission means.
- the light input means an optical fiber, a semiconductor laser element, or the like can be used.
- An optical fiber, a photodiode, or the like can be used as the light output means.
- the wavelength selection element a filter, a diffraction grating, or a diffraction element such as a CGH element can be used.
- the deflecting element may be constituted by a lens which is not rotationally symmetric about its central axis, and constituted by a straight-moving lens arranged so that the center of the cross section of the transmitted light flux is shifted from the optical axis. Or a prism and a lens, or a mirror and a lens.
- the light emitted from each of the optical input means is bent by the first polarizing element and is obliquely incident on the light guide means, and is multiplexed by the light guide means.
- the light having a plurality of wavelengths emitted from the light guide obliquely is bent by the first deflecting element and coupled to the first transmission means, and the multiplexed light having the plurality of wavelengths is transmitted to the first transmission means. Can be transmitted.
- light of a plurality of wavelengths transmitted by the second transmission means is emitted from the second transmission means, and this light is bent by the second deflecting element to be obliquely incident on the light guide means, Branching
- the emitted light of each wavelength can be emitted obliquely from the light guide means, and the light of each wavelength emitted from the light guide means can be bent by the second deflecting element and received by each light output means.
- the optical input means, the optical output means, the first and the second transmission means can be arranged in parallel, so that the optical input means, the optical output means, the first and the second Each optical axis of the second transmission means can be arranged perpendicular to the wavelength selection element, and the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer can be downsized.
- the wavelength selecting element can be shared between the multiplexing side and the demultiplexing side, so that the structure of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer is simplified, and the manufacturing process is also simplified. Be transformed into
- the one set of light having a plurality of wavelengths and the another set of light having a plurality of wavelengths are a plurality of lights having the same wavelength
- the light path length between the second transmission means and the light output means is sequentially shortened in the order of increasing the light path length between the first transmission means and the light input means.
- the first transmission unit of one optical transmission unit is connected to the second transmission unit of the other optical transmission unit
- the second transmission unit of one optical transmission unit is connected to the other transmission unit.
- the optical path length (transmission distance) between the two optical multiplexers / demultiplexers becomes uniform regardless of the wavelength of light. Therefore, the insertion loss hardly varies depending on the wavelength.
- 'A sixth optical multiplexer / demultiplexer comprises: a light reflecting surface; a plurality of first wavelength selection elements arranged in a plane parallel to the light reflecting surface and having different transmission wavelengths from each other; A plurality of second wavelength selection elements arranged in a plane parallel to each other and having different transmission wavelengths.
- the second wavelength selection element guides light while reflecting light between the light reflection surface and each of the first wavelength selection elements.
- Light guiding means for combining light of different wavelengths, guiding light while reflecting light between the light reflecting surface and each of the second wavelength selection elements, and demultiplexing light of different wavelengths;
- a transmission unit for transmitting the light of the first wavelength selection element, the optical axis being substantially perpendicular to the surface on which the first wavelength selection elements are arranged, and arranged along the arrangement direction of the first wavelength selection elements. And the optical axis is substantially perpendicular to the surface on which the second wavelength selection element is arranged.
- a plurality of light output means arranged along the arrangement direction of the second wavelength selection element, and a light axis direction of transmitted light arranged opposite to the light input means to bend.
- a set of light of a plurality of wavelengths multiplexed between the light reflecting surface of the light guiding means and the first wavelength selection element is guided to the transmitting means and coupled to the transmitting means, and the transmitting means is provided.
- the light output means emits another set of plural wavelengths each emitted obliquely from the second wavelength selection element of the light guide means.
- the light of each wavelength is received through the second deflecting element.
- an optical fiber or an optical waveguide can be used as the transmission means.
- the light input means an optical fiber, a semiconductor laser element, or the like can be used.
- An optical fiber, a photodiode, or the like can be used as the light output means.
- the wavelength selection element a filter, a diffraction grating, or a diffraction element such as a CGH element can be used.
- the deflecting element may be constituted by a lens which is not rotationally symmetric about its central axis, and constituted by a straight-moving lens arranged so that the center of the cross section of the transmitted light flux is shifted from the optical axis. Or a prism and a lens, or a mirror and a lens.
- the light emitted from each of the optical input means is bent by the first polarizing element and is obliquely incident on the light guiding means, and the first wavelength selecting element is provided.
- the light of a plurality of wavelengths multiplexed by the light guide means is emitted obliquely from the light guide means, and the light of the plurality of wavelengths emitted from the light guide means is bent by the first deflecting element and coupled to the transmission means.
- the waved light of a plurality of wavelengths can be transmitted by the transmission means.
- the light of a plurality of wavelengths transmitted by the transmission means is emitted from the transmission means, and this light is bent by the second deflecting element to be obliquely incident on the light guiding means, and the light is guided by the second wavelength selecting element.
- the light of each wavelength demultiplexed in the above is emitted obliquely from the light guide means, and The light emitted from each wavelength can be bent by the second deflecting element and received by each light output means.
- each optical axis of the optical input means, the optical output means, and the transmission means is defined by the optical axis.
- the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer can be miniaturized because it can be arranged perpendicular to the wavelength selection element. Further, according to this optical multiplexer / demultiplexer, since the optical signal can be transmitted and received by one transmission means, the construction work when connecting two optical multiplexers / demultiplexers is simplified.
- the optical branching unit includes: the set of lights of a plurality of wavelengths transmitted by the transmission unit; and the another set of light transmitted by the transmission unit.
- the optical transmission means such as an optical fiber, a core, a prism, and a mirror.
- the optical transmission unit such as an optical fiber, a core, a prism, or a mirror.
- the transmission means can be easily integrated into one.
- the transmission means is constituted by an optical fiber
- the light input means is constituted by a light emitting element
- the light output means is constituted by a light receiving element. It may be configured. According to such an embodiment, it is possible to manufacture a transbonder incorporating a light emitting element and a light receiving element. .
- a seventh optical multiplexer / demultiplexer comprises: a light reflecting surface; and a plurality of first wavelength selection elements arranged in a plane parallel to the light reflecting surface and having different transmission wavelengths from each other.
- a light guide means for guiding light while reflecting light between the surface and each of the first wavelength selection elements and for multiplexing light of different wavelengths; and opposing a surface of the light guide means opposite to the light reflecting surface.
- a light guide plate disposed so as to be substantially parallel to the first wavelength selection element; a transmission unit for transmitting light of a plurality of wavelengths;
- a plurality of light emitting elements arranged on the light guide plate along the direction in which the first wavelength selection elements are arranged so that the optical axis is oriented substantially perpendicular to the light guide plate; Are directed substantially perpendicular to the light guide, and a light receiving element disposed on the light guide plate, and a light receiving element disposed opposite to the light emitting element for bending an optical axis direction of transmitted light.
- One or more deflection elements are arranged on the light guide plate along the direction in which the first wavelength selection elements are arranged so that the optical axis is oriented substantially perpendicular to the light guide plate; Are directed substantially perpendicular to the light guide, and a light receiving element disposed on the light guide plate, and a light receiving element disposed opposite to the light emitting element for bending an optical axis direction of transmitted light.
- a plurality of second waves provided between the light receiving element and the light guide plate and having different transmission wavelengths
- a length selecting element a set of light having a plurality of wavelengths multiplexed between the light reflecting surface of the light guiding means and the wavelength selecting element is guided to the transmitting means and coupled to the transmitting means, Light splitting means for guiding another set of light of a plurality of wavelengths transmitted through the transmission means to the light guide plate to guide the light, and wherein the light emitting elements are respectively connected via the first deflecting element.
- the light of each wavelength out of the light of the plurality of wavelengths in the set is emitted obliquely to the first wavelength selection element of the light guide means, and the light output means respectively guides the light inside the light guide plate.
- the light of each wavelength of the set of light of a plurality of wavelengths is received via the second deflection element.
- the transmission means for example, an optical fiber or an optical waveguide can be used.
- a filter, a diffraction grating, or a diffraction element such as a CGH element can be used.
- the deflecting element may be constituted by a lens that is not rotationally symmetric about its central axis, and is arranged so that the center of the cross section of the transmitted light flux is displaced from the optical axis. It may be constituted by a lens, or may be constituted by a prism and a lens, or may be constituted by a mirror and a lens.
- the light emitted from the light emitting element is bent by the deflecting element and is obliquely incident on the light guide, and is multiplexed by the light guide by the first wavelength selecting element.
- the plurality of wavelengths of f- light emitted from the light guide means obliquely, the light of the plurality of wavelengths emitted from the light guide means is coupled to the transmission means, and the multiplexed light of the plurality of wavelengths is transmitted by the transmission means. it can.
- light of a plurality of wavelengths transmitted by the transmission means is emitted from the transmission means, and this light is separated by the optical branching means.
- the light of each wavelength can be guided into the light guide plate, the light of each wavelength can be split by the second wavelength selection element and emitted from the light guide plate, and the light of each wavelength emitted from the light guide plate can be received by the light receiving element.
- the light input means and the light output means can be arranged side by side on the light guide plate perpendicular to the light guide plate. Since the light is guided to the light receiving element using the light guide plate, the size of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer can be reduced.
- the light guiding means in the seventeenth embodiment of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer of the present invention is such that each of the wavelength selection elements is formed on a front surface of a transparent substrate, and the light reflection surface is formed on a back surface of the transparent substrate. It was done. According to this embodiment, since only one substrate (one sheet) is used for the light guide, the light guide can be made thinner, and the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer can be miniaturized.
- the light guide means in another embodiment of the seventeenth optical multiplexer / demultiplexer of the present invention comprises: a transparent first substrate having the light reflecting surface formed on the back surface; A transparent second substrate in which a plurality of selection elements are arranged is joined. According to this embodiment, since the first substrate and the second substrate are separately manufactured and joined by bonding with a transparent adhesive or the like, the manufacture of the light guide means of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer is facilitated. Become.
- the light guide means comprises: a transparent first substrate having a light reflecting surface formed on a back surface; A plurality of transparent second substrates each having the wavelength selection element formed thereon are arranged and joined. As in this embodiment, a second substrate having a wavelength selection element that transmits a specific wavelength or a wavelength range formed on the surface is arranged for each transmission wavelength, and is adhered to the first substrate with a transparent adhesive. If they are joined together, the manufacturing process of the light guide means of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer becomes easier.
- the light guide means includes: each of the wavelength selection elements formed between a pair of transparent substrates stacked on each other; The light reflection surface is formed on the back surface of the substrate located on the back surface side.
- the transmission means by adjusting the thickness of the two transparent substrates, the interval between the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber, the interval between the second optical fibers, and the transmission means. The distance between the light emitting elements and the distance between the light emitting elements, and the distance between the transmitting means and the light receiving element and the distance between the light receiving elements can be adjusted, so that the optical path in the light guide means of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer must be accurately designed. Can be.
- the surface of the light guide unit on which the length selection element is formed and the deflection element are opposed to each other; A spacer is interposed between the deflecting element and the deflecting element.
- the distance between the deflecting element and the light reflecting surface can be adjusted by simply interposing a spacer having a constant thickness. This saves time and effort and makes it easier to manufacture an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer.
- the spacer is formed integrally with the deflection element, the positional accuracy in the height direction between the wavelength selection element and the deflection element can be further improved.
- the surface of each of the wavelength selection elements is covered with a protective layer.
- a protective layer By covering with a protective layer, it is possible to prevent a change in the characteristics of the wavelength selection element such as a filter due to moisture or the like, and to prevent the adhesion of scratches and dirt.
- An eighth optical multiplexer / demultiplexer of the present invention comprises: a light reflecting surface formed between a pair of transparent substrates; and a plurality of wavelength selection elements arranged on the outer surfaces of the two transparent substrates and having different transmission wavelengths from each other.
- a plurality of first light input / output means disposed on the same side as the transmission means with respect to the light guide means so as to be substantially perpendicular to the surface, and the optical axis having the wavelength of the other transparent substrate.
- the light guide is arranged so that the selection element is substantially perpendicular to the surface on which the light guide is arranged.
- a plurality of second light input / output means disposed on the opposite side to the transmission means with respect to the transmission means, and a light transmitted therethrough disposed opposite to the transmission means and the first light input / output means.
- One or more first deflecting elements for bending the optical axis direction, and one or more first deflection elements arranged to face the second light input / output means for bending the optical axis direction of transmitted light A second deflecting element, wherein the transmitting means comprises: a transparent substrate of the light guiding means via the first deflecting element.
- the first light input / output means is coupled to the light of a plurality of wavelengths in the light passing through each wavelength selection element arranged on one surface of the light guide means via the first deflection element.
- the second light input / output means is coupled to light passing through each wavelength selection element arranged on the other surface of the light guide means via the second polarizing element. is there.
- the transmission means for example, an optical fiber or an optical waveguide can be used.
- an optical fiber, an optical transmission line, a semiconductor laser element, a photodiode, or the like can be used.
- a filter, a diffraction grating, or a diffraction element such as a CGH element can be used.
- the deflecting element may be constituted by a lens which is not rotationally symmetric about its central axis, and constituted by a straight-moving lens arranged such that the center of the cross section of the transmitted light flux is shifted from the optical axis. Or a prism and a lens, or a mirror and a lens. ,
- an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer having a structure in which two optical multiplexers / demultiplexers according to the present invention are arranged to face each other so as to share a light reflection surface.
- This optical multiplexer / demultiplexer can be a small optical multiplexer / demultiplexer even if the number of wavelengths or wavelength ranges of demultiplexed or multiplexed light is increased.
- the ninth optical multiplexer / demultiplexer of the present invention comprises a light reflecting surface formed between a pair of transparent substrates, and a plurality of wavelength selection elements arranged on the outer surfaces of both transparent substrates and having different transmission wavelengths from each other.
- An optical fiber and a plurality of second optical fibers for transmitting light of a specific wavelength or a wavelength range are arranged, and the optical axis of each optical fiber is the optical axis of one of the pair of transparent substrates.
- a first optical fiber array arranged so as to be substantially perpendicular to the surface on which the wavelength selection elements are arranged, and a plurality of third optical fibers for transmitting light of a specific wavelength or wavelength range are arranged.
- the optical axis of the other transparent substrate of the optical fibers distribution of the wavelength selection element
- a second optical fiber array arranged so as to be substantially perpendicular to the arrayed surface; and an optical axis direction of light to be transmitted, which is arranged to face the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber.
- a deflecting element wherein the first optical fiber is coupled to a plurality of wavelengths of light in both transparent substrates of the light guide means via the first deflecting element, and wherein the second optical fiber is The third optical fiber is coupled to light passing through each of the wavelength selection elements arranged on one surface of the light guide means via the first polarizing element, and the third optical fiber passes through the second polarizing element. And the light passing through each wavelength selecting element arranged on the other surface of the light guide means. It is those that were engaged.
- the deflecting element may be constituted by a lens which is not rotationally symmetric about its central axis, and constituted by a straight lens arranged so that the center of the cross section of the transmitted light flux is deviated from the optical axis.
- it may be constituted by a prism and a lens, or may be constituted by a mirror and a lens.
- the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer has a structure in which two optical multiplexers / demultiplexers according to the present invention are arranged to face each other so as to share a light reflecting surface. Optical signals can be sent in and out of the fiber.
- This optical multiplexer / demultiplexer can be a small optical multiplexer / demultiplexer even if the number of wavelengths or wavelength ranges of light to be demultiplexed or multiplexed is increased.
- the deflecting element in the first to ninth embodiments of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer of the present invention is constituted by a lens which is not rotationally symmetric about its central axis.
- a deflecting element By using such a deflecting element, the direction of the optical axis of light can be bent only by the lens, and the area where the lens is provided can be made to coincide with the incident light flux, thereby reducing the installation area of the lens. be able to.
- a spherical lens disposed so that a center of a cross section of a transmitted light flux is deviated from its optical axis. It is constituted by a spherical lens or an anamorphic lens. If such a deflection element is used, light can be bent using an inexpensive lens.
- the deflection element in still another embodiment of the first-ninth optical multiplexer / demultiplexer of the present invention May be constituted by a prism and a lens.
- an inexpensive lens such as a spherical lens, an aspherical lens, or an anamorphic lens can be used as the lens.
- this prism is formed on one surface of the transparent substrate, and the lens is provided on the other surface of the transparent substrate so as to face the prism, there is no need to position the lens and the prism. Can also be reduced.
- the prism may be formed integrally with the surface of the light guide means, and the lens may be arranged at a position facing the prism. In this case, the number of components can be reduced by integrating the prism with the light guiding means.
- a filter or a diffraction element can be used as the wavelength selection element.
- a filter a multilayer reflection film is desirable, and as the diffraction element, a diffraction grating or a CGH element can be used.
- the first method for manufacturing an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the present invention comprises: a light reflecting surface; and a plurality of wavelength selection elements arranged in a plane parallel to the light reflecting surface and having different transmission wavelengths from each other.
- a method for manufacturing an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer comprising: a light guiding unit that guides light while reflecting light between a light reflecting surface and each wavelength selection element and multiplexes or demultiplexes light of a plurality of wavelengths.
- Forming a wavelength selection element layer by arranging a plurality of thin-film wavelength selection elements having different transmission wavelength ranges on a transparent substrate on which a light reflection surface is formed on a back surface; A step of bonding another transparent substrate to the surface of the element layer and sandwiching the wavelength selection element layer between the pair of substrates.
- a second method for manufacturing an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the present invention comprises: a light reflecting surface; and a plurality of wavelength selection elements arranged in a plane parallel to the light reflecting surface and having different transmission wavelengths from each other.
- a method for manufacturing an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer including a light guide that guides light while reflecting light between a surface and each wavelength selecting element and combines or demultiplexes light of a plurality of wavelengths. After sandwiching a plurality of wavelength selective element layers each having a plurality of thin film-shaped wavelength selective elements having different regions and sandwiching them between a pair of parent substrates to integrate them, a plurality of laminated parent substrates are cut to cut out a plurality of wavelength selective element layers. The light guide is manufactured.
- a third method of manufacturing an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the present invention comprises: a light reflecting surface; and a plurality of wavelength selection elements arranged in a plane parallel to the light reflecting surface and having different transmission wavelengths from each other.
- the light means is produced by a process of arranging a plurality of thin film-shaped wavelength selection elements having different transmission wavelength ranges on a transparent substrate on which the light reflection surface is formed on the back surface to form a wavelength selection element layer.
- the fourth method of manufacturing an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the present invention comprises: a light reflecting surface; and a plurality of wavelength selecting elements arranged in a plane parallel to the light reflecting surface and having different transmission wavelengths from each other.
- a method for manufacturing an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer comprising: a light guide that guides light while reflecting light between a reflection surface and each wavelength selection element and multiplexes or demultiplexes light of a plurality of wavelengths.
- the light means includes a step of forming a wavelength selection element layer by arranging a plurality of the thin film-shaped wavelength selection elements having different transmission wavelength ranges on a transparent second substrate; and forming the light reflection surface on a back surface. Bonding the second substrate on the transparent first substrate.
- a fifth method for manufacturing an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the present invention comprises: a light reflecting surface; and a plurality of wavelength selection elements arranged in a plane parallel to the light reflecting surface and having different transmission wavelengths from each other.
- a method for manufacturing an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer comprising: a light guiding unit that guides light while reflecting light between a surface and each wavelength selecting element and multiplexes or demultiplexes light of a plurality of wavelengths.
- a plurality of second substrates having a wavelength selection element having a different transmission wavelength range are arranged side by side and bonded.
- the first to fifth methods of manufacturing an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the present invention it is possible to manufacture an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer provided with the light guiding means having the above-described structure. Further, according to the second manufacturing method, a plurality of light guide means can be efficiently produced from the parent substrate by cutting the parent substrate.
- the transmission wavelength band is respectively set on the plurality of parent substrates. The wavelength selecting elements having different wavelengths are formed, and the wavelength selecting elements are cut by cutting the respective parent substrates.
- the formed second substrate may be formed.
- the transmission wavelengths may be respectively formed on a plurality of parent substrates.
- the wavelength selection elements having different wavelength ranges are formed, and the parent substrates are arranged and cut at once to form a set of second substrates on which wavelength selection elements having different transmission wavelength ranges are formed. Is also good. According to this embodiment, it is possible to mass-produce the light guide means of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer.
- the sixth method of manufacturing an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the present invention is a method for manufacturing an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer, comprising: a first substrate having a light reflecting surface formed on a back surface; A plurality of wavelength selection elements having different transmission wavelengths are sandwiched between them, and light is guided between the light reflection surface and each of the wavelength selection elements while reflecting light, and a light that multiplexes or demultiplexes light of a plurality of wavelengths.
- a method for manufacturing an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer provided with optical means comprising: laminating a plurality of plates, and processing an end surface of the laminated plates into a planar shape so as to be inclined with respect to a direction in which the plates are superimposed; Re-arranging the blade to form an inverted pattern of the plurality of prisms by arranging the inclined end faces; and forming the second array by using the rearranged plate as at least a part of a molding die. On the surface of the substrate And a step of molding the prism.
- a molding die for manufacturing a prism can be manufactured simply and accurately.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining the structure of a conventional optical multiplexer / demultiplexer.
- FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the first embodiment, which is cross-sectional at a plane passing through the core of each optical fiber array.
- FIG. 4 is a side view of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the microlens array.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an optical path of light emitted from an optical fiber and incident on another optical fiber.
- FIG. 7A is a plan view illustrating the shape of the microlens
- FIG. 7B is a front view thereof.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the characteristics of each filter and the characteristics of the dummy film and the AR coating layer.
- the horizontal axis represents the light wavelength, and the vertical axis represents the light transmittance.
- FIGS. 9 (a) to 9 (e) are diagrams for explaining a manufacturing process of the filter layer.
- FIGS. 10 (f) and (g) are diagrams illustrating the steps following FIG. 9 (e).
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a method of manufacturing a filter layer.
- FIGS. 12 (a) to (d) are diagrams illustrating another manufacturing process of the filter layer.
- FIG. 13 (e) and FIG. 13 (g) are views for explaining the steps subsequent to FIG. 12 (d).
- FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the demultiplexing operation of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic sectional view illustrating the multiplexing operation of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic sectional view showing a state where the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer of the present invention is housed in a casing.
- FIG. 17 is a partially cutaway schematic cross-sectional view of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a partially broken schematic sectional view showing a modification of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a partially cut-away schematic sectional view of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a partially broken schematic cross-sectional view of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 21 (a) to (e) are diagrams illustrating a method of manufacturing a filter layer used in the above embodiment.
- FIG. 22 is a schematic sectional view of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, with a part cut away.
- FIG. 23 is a partially cut-away schematic sectional view showing a modification of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 24 (a) to (d) are diagrams illustrating a process of manufacturing a filter layer used in an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to a fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 25 is a partially cut-away schematic sectional view of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 26 is a schematic sectional view of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 27 is an exploded perspective view of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 28 is a sectional view of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 29 is a perspective view of a prism block used in the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 30 is a schematic view showing a method for manufacturing a multiplexing / demultiplexing block.
- FIGS. 31 (a) and 31 (b) are schematic views showing another method for manufacturing a multiplexing / demultiplexing block.
- FIGS. 32 (a), (b) and (c) are schematic views showing still another method of manufacturing the multiplexing / demultiplexing block.
- FIG. 33 is a schematic view showing still another method of manufacturing the multiplexing / demultiplexing block.
- FIG. 34 is a schematic view showing still another method of manufacturing the multiplexing / demultiplexing block.
- FIG. 35 is a schematic view showing still another method of manufacturing the multiplexing / demultiplexing block.
- FIGS. 36 (a), (b) and (c) are perspective views showing steps for manufacturing a prism pattern forming partial mold for forming a prism block.
- FIGS. 37 (d) and (e) are perspective views showing a step that follows the step of FIG. 36 (c).
- FIGS. 38 (a) and 38 (b) are perspective views showing a method of manufacturing a molding block.
- FIG. 39 is a perspective view of a partial mold.
- FIG. 40 is a sectional view showing a mold for molding a prism block.
- FIGS. 41 (a) and (b) are perspective views showing an assembling process of a multiplexing / demultiplexing block.
- FIG. 42 is a perspective view showing another shape of the prism block.
- FIG. 43 is a schematic sectional view of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 44 (a) is a perspective view from the back side of a microlens array used in the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer
- FIG. 44 (b) is a perspective view from the front side of the microlens array.
- FIG. 45 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the ninth embodiment.
- FIG. 46 is a schematic sectional view of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 47 is an exploded perspective view of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 48 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the operation of the above-described optical multiplexer / demultiplexer.
- FIG. 49 is a cross-sectional view of another cross-section for explaining the operation of the above-described optical multiplexer / demultiplexer.
- FIG. 50 is a perspective view for explaining the operation of the above optical multiplexer / demultiplexer.
- FIG. 51 is a schematic diagram showing a link state of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 52 (a) is an operation explanatory diagram in the link state
- FIG. 52 (b) is an operation explanatory diagram in a link state different from the link state.
- FIG. 53 is an exploded perspective view showing a modification of the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 54 is an exploded perspective view showing another modification of the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 55 (a) is a perspective view from the back side of the microlens array used in the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the modified example of FIG. 54
- FIG. 55 (b) is a view from the front side of the microlens array.
- FIG. 56 is a schematic sectional view of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to a 12th embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 57 is a schematic diagram showing a link state of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 58 is a schematic sectional view showing a modification of the 12th embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 59 is a schematic sectional view showing another modified example of the 12th embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 60 is a schematic sectional view of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 61 is a schematic sectional view showing a modification of the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 62 is a schematic sectional view of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 63 is a schematic sectional view showing a modification of the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic exploded perspective view showing the structure of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8a according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8a shown in FIG. 2 in a plane passing through the core 9 of the optical fibers 9a to 9f, and illustrates the state of demultiplexing or multiplexing.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8a shown in FIG. First, the configuration of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8a of the present invention shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 will be described.
- the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8a of the present invention includes an optical fiber array 11, a microlens array 14, a transparent cover member 20 such as a glass plate, a spacer 15a, 15b, 15c, 1 5 d, a filter layer 17, a light guide block 16, and a mirror layer 19.
- the optical fiber array 11 is one in which optical fibers 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d, 9e, and 9f are arranged in parallel at a constant pitch without any gap, and a connector 10 is attached to the tip.
- the microlens array 14 has a plurality (six in the figure) of microlenses 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, 12e, and 12f on the lower surface.
- the cover member 20 has an AR coat layer (antireflection film) 21 formed on the surface.
- the spacers 15a, 15b, 15c, and 15d are members for keeping the distance between the microlenses 12a to 12f and the AR coat layer 21 constant.
- the filter layer 17 includes a release film 13, filters 17 a, 17 b, 17 c, and 17 d, and dummy films 18 a and 18 b.
- the mirror layer 19 is a layer composed of a dielectric multilayer film having a high reflectance, a metal deposition film, or the like.
- the micro lens array 14, the AR coat layer 21, the filter layer 17 and the mirror layer 19 are arranged so as to be parallel to each other.
- the microlenses 12a-12f are set as close as possible to the AR coat layer 21.
- the optical fibers 9 a-9 f in the connector 10 are arranged perpendicular to the microphone opening lens array 14.
- FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the microlens array 14.
- all light emitted from the end face of the optical filter 9a—9f must enter the microlens 12a—12f. No. To satisfy this condition, the thickness of the microlens array 14 may be determined as follows.
- the angle of incidence on the interface with the cladding (the angle of incidence measured from the normal perpendicular to the interface) is The angle must be greater than the total reflection angle. Since the angle of incidence on the cladding interface is limited in this way, the direction of light emission from the core end and the extent of the spread are naturally determined.
- the thickness of the microlens array 14 is designed so that the light emitted from the core end is incident on the microlenses 12a-12f before the light spreads, the light emitted from the optical fibers 9a-9f Everything can be incident on the microphone aperture lens 1 2a-1 2 f.
- FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing an optical path in the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8a of the present invention, where L1 is the main plane of the microlens 12a_l2f, and L2 is the surface of the mirror layer 19 ( Hereinafter, the mirror surface L2) and L3 are mirror images of the lens main plane L1 with respect to the mirror surface L2.
- the micro lens 12a is a parallel lens whose light axis is bent after light emitted from the optical fiber 9a enters the lens main plane L1 (microlens 12a).
- the lens be shaped to emit light. It is desirable that the degree of bending of the light in the optical axis direction, that is, the angle of incidence on the mirror surface L2 be an optimum angle of less than 10 ° for the reason described later. No.
- the direction of the optical axis of light after passing through the lens (referred to as the optical axis direction of light passing through the center of the cross section of the light beam) with respect to the optical axis direction of the light before entering the lens.
- a lens that bends is called a tilted lens.
- the microlens 12 c is formed by bending the optical axis direction of the light when the light emitted from the microlens 12 a is reflected from the mirror surface L 2 and enters from obliquely below. It is desirable that the shape be such that it efficiently couples to c.
- the microlens 1 2c—12 f can be incident on the microlens 1 2c—12f at the same incident angle and emitted at the same exit angle. Can be made to have the same shape by using a collimator lens, or they can be made to have different shapes so as to obtain the optimum focal length by using a condenser lens.
- FIGS. 2 to 5 show the microphone aperture lens array 14 having the microphone aperture lens 12b.
- the micro lens 12 b may have the same shape as the micro lens 12 c.
- the microlenses 12a-12f satisfying the above requirements are aspheric at a position off the optical axis of the aspheric lens 25. It is obtained by cutting out a circle from lens 25.
- the microlens array 14 having the microlenses 12 a-12 f on the surface is formed by applying an inverted pattern of the microlenses 12 a-12 f to an uncured resin such as an ultraviolet-cured resin. It can be easily formed by a stamper method or the like in which a stamper having a surface on which the resin is pressed is irradiated with ultraviolet rays to cure the resin. In addition, if this stamper also has inverted patterns of spacers 15a, 15b, 15c, and 15d, the micro lens 12a_12f and spacer 15a , 15b, 15c, and 15d can be formed simultaneously.
- the spacer 15 a- 15 d created separately is bonded to the microphone aperture lens array 14.
- the manufacturing process can be simplified, and the positional accuracy between the microlenses 12a_1f and the filters 17a-17d can be improved.
- the optical fiber 9a is emitted and transmitted through the microlens 12a (the area below the optical fiber 9a in the main plane L1).
- Each component is formed and arranged such that the parallel light beam reflected by the mirror surface L2 is incident on the microlens 12c (the area below the optical fiber 9c in the main plane L1).
- the arrangement of the microphone aperture lens 12a-12f is determined by the arrangement of the optical fibers 9a-9f, and the angle of incidence on the mirror surface L2 is also determined by the shape of the microphone aperture lens 12a. In this case, as shown in FIG.
- all of the parallel light emitted from the microlenses 12a is a mirror image L3 of the main lens surface L1 with respect to the mirror surface L2 (mirror image 1 of the microlens 12c).
- the position of the mirror surface L2 is preferably determined so that the light is incident on the mirror surface 2c ') and collected, and is coupled to the mirror image 9c' of the optical fiber 9c with respect to the mirror surface L2.
- the distance between the microlens array 14 and the mirror layer 19 can be adjusted by the thickness of the light guide block 16 and the thickness of the cover member 20.
- the microlens 12a should be designed so that the bending angle of the microlens 12a is an appropriate angle.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the transmission wavelength characteristics of the filters 17a to 17d, the dummy films 18a and 18b, and the AR coating layer 21.
- the horizontal axis represents the wavelength
- the vertical axis represents the light. Is shown.
- the filters 17a, 17b, 17c, and 17d transmit light in the wavelength ranges centered at the wavelengths ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, 33, and ⁇ 4, respectively, as shown by the solid lines in FIG. It is a dielectric multilayer film that reflects light in other wavelength ranges.
- the dummy films (spacers) 18a and 18b and the AR coating layer 21 are members made of, for example, a thin film glass, quartz, or a transparent resin film. As shown, it transmits light in all wavelength ranges.
- a very thin release film 13 made of a transparent material is formed on the surface of a substrate 22 such as glass shown in FIG. 9A using a spin coater as shown in FIG. 9B.
- the material of the release film 13 is a material such as polyimide which is easily formed to be peeled from the substrate 22 by forming a transparent thin film and then applying some conditions such as heating, contact with water, and ultraviolet irradiation. That's fine.
- a filter thin film (dielectric multilayer film) 27 having each characteristic is formed for each substrate 22, as shown in FIG.
- the substrate 22 having the release film 13 and the filter thin film 27 formed thereon is prepared for the required types of filters 17a-17d.
- the dummy films 18a and 18b are formed of a transparent thin glass, quartz, a transparent resin film, or the like with the same thickness as the total thickness of the release film 13 and the filter thin film 27.
- the filter thin film 27 and the peeling film 13 on the substrate 22 are used in the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8a for the filters 17a, 17b, and 17c. , Cut to 17 d width.
- the filter thin film 27 and the release film 13 are cut, so that the substrate 22 need not be completely cut.
- the release film 13 is peeled off from the substrate 22 as shown in FIG.
- a transparent adhesive is applied to the surface of the parent substrate of the light guide block 16, and the filters 17 a, 17 b, 17 c, and 17 d provided with the release film 13 on the back surface are provided.
- the dummy films 18 a and 18 b are arranged one by one in the order shown in FIG. 10 (f), and adhered to the surface of the parent substrate of the light guide block 16.
- the filter layer 17 is preferably brought into close contact with the parent substrate of the light guide block 16 by pressing the filter layer 17 from above with a flat plate.
- a light guide block with a transparent adhesive applied to the surface, with the filters 17a_17d and the dummy films 18a, 18b arranged side-by-side on a flat base The filter layer 17 and the light guide block 16 may be bonded together by pressing the parent substrate 16. Thereafter, a mirror layer 19 may be formed on the back surface of the parent substrate of the light guide block 16 by attaching a sheet on which a metal thin film is formed or depositing a metal material. Also, a mirror layer 19 is formed on the back surface of the parent substrate of the light guide block 16 in advance, and then the filter 17a — 17d and the dummy films 18a and 18b are bonded to the front surface. May be.
- the parent substrate of the light guide block 16 having the filter layer 17 and the mirror layer 19 formed on the front and back surfaces is cut at the portion shown by the broken line in FIG. 11 and shown in FIG. 10 (g).
- the light guide blocks 16 on which the filter layers 17 and the mirror layers 19 are formed can be efficiently mass-produced.
- the cover member 20 having the AR code layer 21 formed thereon is joined to the filter layer 17 on the surface of the light guide block 16.
- the filter layer 17 on the parent substrate and the parent substrate of the cover member 20 with the AR coating layer 21 formed on the surface are bonded with a transparent adhesive, and then the cutting shown in Fig. 11 is performed. Further, the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8a can be manufactured more efficiently. If the filter layer 17 is covered with the cover member 20 before cutting, the filter layer 17 is not stained or damaged at the time of cutting, and the yield can be reduced.
- the filter layer 17 may be manufactured by the following method described with reference to FIGS. First, a release film 23 is formed on the surface of the substrate 22 shown in FIG. 12 (a) using a spin coater as shown in FIG. 12 (b).
- the release film 23 may be any material that changes its properties due to heating, contact with water, ultraviolet irradiation, etc., such as polyimide, and is easily peeled from the substrate 22 or the filter thin film 27.
- a filter thin film 27 made of a dielectric multilayer film of each characteristic is formed for each substrate 22. Only the necessary filter types are prepared with the filter thin film 27 formed as described above. The surface of the filter thin film 27 is shown in Fig. 12 (d). As shown, a release film 13 is further formed.
- a dicing tape 24 is adhered to the surface of the upper release film 13, and as shown in FIG. 13 (f), the substrate is heated or irradiated with ultraviolet rays.
- the peeling film 23 on the 22 side is peeled from the filter thin film 27.
- only the substrate 22 may be peeled off while the lower peeling film 23 is adhered to the filter thin film 27.
- the filter thin film 27 is covered with the release films 13 and 23 from both sides, the filter thin film 27 is hardly damaged and is easy to handle.
- the surface of the dicing tape 24 on which the filter thin film 27 is formed faces upward, and the filters 17a, 17b, 17c, and 17d are separated as shown in FIG. 13 (g). Cut to width.
- the dicing tape 24 is peeled off from the release film 13 by irradiating ultraviolet rays, and the filters 17 a-17 d are arranged on the light guide block 16, and the release film 13 is made of a transparent adhesive. Adhere to light guide block 16.
- the dummy films 18a and 18b formed to have the same thickness as the combined thickness of the release film 13 and the filter thin film 27 are also adhered to the surface of the light guide block 16 with a transparent adhesive. Thereafter, similar to the manufacturing process described above, cutting may be performed to form the individual filter layers 17.
- FIG. 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8a according to the present invention, which is a partially broken enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG.
- the light transmitted through the dummy film 18a further passes through the light guide block 16 and is reflected on the surface of the mirror layer 19, passes through the light guide block 16 again, and reaches the filter layer 17. Since the filter 17a is arranged at this position of the filter layer 17, the light of wavelength; 1 passes through the filter 17a, enters the microphone aperture lens 12c, and enters the optical axis direction. Is bent and coupled to the optical fiber 9c. Therefore, only light of wavelength; I1 is extracted from the light emitting end of the optical fiber 9c.
- the light (wavelengths 2, A3, ⁇ 4) reflected by the filter 17a is reflected again on the surface of the mirror layer 19 and enters the filter layer 17. Since the filter 1b is arranged at this position of the filter layer 17, the light of the wavelength 2 transmitted through the filter 17b is incident on the microphone aperture lens 1 2d, and the optical axis direction is bent and Coupled to fiber 9d. Accordingly, light of wavelength; I2 is extracted from the light emitting end of the optical fiber 9d.
- the light (wavelengths ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 4) reflected by the filter 17 b is further reflected by the surface of the mirror layer 19 and enters the filter layer 17. Since the filter 17c is arranged at this position of the filter layer 17, the light of wavelength ⁇ 3 transmitted through the filter 17c is incident on the microphone aperture lens 12e, and the optical axis direction is bent. Coupled to optical fiber 9e. Therefore, light of wavelength ⁇ 3 is extracted from the light emitting end of the optical fiber 9 e.
- the light (wavelength 4) reflected by the filter 17 c is further reflected on the surface of the mirror layer 19 and enters the filter layer 17.
- the filter 17 d is arranged, so that the light of wavelength 4 transmitted through the filter 17 d enters the microlens 12 f and is bent in the optical axis direction. Coupled to optical fiber 9f. Therefore, light of wavelength ⁇ 4 is extracted from the light emitting end of the optical fiber 9 f.
- the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8a of the present invention can demultiplex the multiplexed light. Conversely, by multiplexing the light of wavelength 1- ⁇ 4 that has propagated through the optical fiber 9c_9f and extracting it from the optical fiber 9a, it can be used as a multiplexer.
- FIG. 15 shows the multiplexing operation of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8a of the present invention.
- Light of wavelengths ⁇ 1, 2, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4 propagates through optical fibers 9c, 9d, 9e, 9f, respectively, from the end faces of optical fibers 9c, 9d, 9e, 9f. It is assumed that the light is emitted.
- the light of wavelength 4 emitted from the optical fiber 9 f is made parallel by passing through the microlenses 12 f and bent in the optical axis direction, so that the cover member 20 and the filter 17 d Through the light guide block 16
- the light is reflected by the layer 19.
- the wavelength reflected by the mirror layer 19; the light of I4 enters the filter 17c and is reflected by the filter 17c.
- the light of wavelength 3 emitted from the optical fiber 9 e is made parallel by passing through the microlenses 12 e and bent in the optical axis direction. Transmit c.
- the light of wavelength ⁇ 4 reflected by the filter 17 c and the wavelength transmitted by the filter 17 c; the light of I 3 travels in the same direction in the light guide block 16 and is reflected by the mirror layer 19. .
- the light of wavelengths 3 and ⁇ 4 reflected by the mirror layer 19 enters the filter 17 b and is reflected by the filter 17 b.
- the light of wavelength ⁇ 2 emitted from the optical fiber 9 d is converted into parallel light by passing through the microlens 12 d and bent in the direction of the optical axis, so that the cover member 20 and the filter 17 b Through.
- the light of wavelengths ⁇ 3 and 4 reflected by the filter 17 b and the light of wavelength 2 transmitted through the filter 17 b travel in the same direction in the light guide block 16 and are reflected by the mirror layer 19. Is done.
- the light of wavelengths I2, ⁇ 3, and I4 reflected by the mirror layer 19 enters the filter 17a and is reflected by the filter 17a.
- the light of wavelength 1 emitted from the optical fiber 9c is collimated by passing through the microlenses 12c and is bent in the optical axis direction, so that the cover member 20 and the filter 17a are bent.
- the wavelengths ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, and 4 reflected by the filter 17 a and the wavelengths transmitted through the filter 17 a; the light of L 1 travels in the same direction in the light guide block 16 to form a mirror layer. 1.
- Reflected at 9. The light of wavelengths 1, 2, 3, and 4 reflected by the mirror layer 19 passes through the light guide block 16, the dummy film 18a, and the power member 20, and the microphone aperture lens 1 2 It is incident on a.
- the parallel light of wavelengths 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 4 incident on the microlens 12a is bent by the microlens 12a so that the optical axis direction is parallel to the optical axis direction of the optical fiber 9a.
- the light is collected, coupled to the optical fiber 9a, and propagates in the optical fiber 9a.
- the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8a of the present invention can also multiplex and multiplex light of each wavelength.
- the light transmitted through each of the filters 17b, 17c, and 17d is assumed to be incident on the microlenses 12d, 12e, and 12f, respectively.
- the distance between adjacent microlenses 12c, 12d, 12e, and 12f and the distance d of light reflected by the mirror layer 19 at the lens position d The thickness w 2 of the light guide block 16 may be adjusted so that 2 is equal to 2.
- the distance d 1 between the micro lens 12 a and the micro lens 12 c can be adjusted by the thickness w 1 of the cover member 20.
- the power par member 20 has a sufficient thickness, and the optical path can be accurately designed by adjusting the thickness, so that light loss is small. It can be an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8a.
- the thickness w2 of the light guide block 16 and the thickness wl of the cover member 20 are the same, the distance d1 between the micro lens 12a and the microphone aperture lens 12c is equal to the mirror layer 19.
- the microlens array 14 is designed to be twice as long as the reflection interval d2, the optical fibers 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d, 9e, and 9f of the optical fiber array 11
- the respective intervals are equally spaced, and the light guide block 16 and the force-par member 20 can be formed of the same material, so that costs for material procurement and processing can be reduced.
- the microlens 12a should be designed so that the angle of incidence of the light transmitted through the microlens 12a on the mirror layer 19 is an appropriate angle of 10 ° or less. Is as follows.
- the incident angle of the mirror layer 19 becomes the incident angle to the filter layer 17 as it is, but if this angle is too large, the difference in transmittance (wavelength dependent loss) due to the incident angle of P-polarized light and S-polarized light will increase.
- the properties of the light of wavelength ⁇ 1 transmitted through the filter 17a and the light of wavelength ⁇ 1 before transmission change. That is, light reproducibility is poor. Therefore, the angle of incidence on the mirror layer 19 must not be too large.
- the angle of incidence on the mirror layer 19 is 10 °. It is desirable to set the following optimal angles.
- the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8a of the present invention is preferably housed in a casing 32 as shown in the schematic sectional view of FIG. 16, and the entrance is sealed with an adhesive 33 before use.
- the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8a of the present invention includes the microlens array 14, and the direction of the optical axis of light can be bent by the microlens 12a_l2f. Therefore, the light emitting end face of the optical fiber array 11 in which the optical fiber 9a for transmitting the multiplexed light and the optical fibers 9c to 9f for transmitting the light of each wavelength after demultiplexing are arranged in parallel.
- the filter layer 17 and the mirror layer 19 can be arranged in parallel with each other, so that the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8a can be made compact even if the number of wavelengths to be demultiplexed is increased.
- the demultiplexed light can be accurately converted to the microlenses 12c-12f. It can be designed to be incident.
- FIG. 17 is a partially cut-away schematic cross-sectional view of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8b according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and corresponds to FIG. 14 described in the first embodiment.
- the filters 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d, and 17e are dielectric multilayer films that transmit light of wavelengths 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4, and ⁇ 5, respectively.
- the filter layer 17 is composed of an area composed of the filters 17a to 17e and the release film 13, and dummy films (spacers) 18a and 18b.
- the filter layer 17 can be manufactured by the manufacturing process described in the first embodiment.
- the description of the same components as those described in the first embodiment will be omitted.
- the surface of the filter layer 17 is covered with a transparent and very thin film 20a of glass or the like to protect the filter 17a_17e from moisture and the like.
- Film 20a AR coat layer 21 is formed on the surface.
- Each filter 17a—17e must be arranged on the optical path when the light reflected by the mirror layer 19 enters the corresponding microlens 12b—12f. If the thickness of the cover member 20 on the filter layer 17 is large as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the thickness of the light guide block 16 and the angle of incidence of It is necessary to design the layout of 7a—17e.
- the filter layer 17 is covered with a very thin film 20a as in the present embodiment, the filter 17a—17e and the microlens are smaller than the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8a of the first embodiment. 1 2 b—1 2 e can be brought close to each other. Therefore, a dummy film 18a is formed at a position facing the microlens 12a, and a filter 17a is formed at a position facing the microlens 12b, 12c, 12d, 12e, and 12f. , 17b, 17c, 17d, 17e, and so on, even if the filter 17a—17e is placed at the same position as the microlens 12b—12f. The light reflected by the mirror layer 19 can be made incident on each of the filters 17a-17e.
- the layout design of the filter layer 17 is not complicated as in the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8a shown in the first embodiment.
- the surface of the filter 17a-17e does not necessarily have to be covered with the film 20a or the AR coat layer 21.
- the combined thickness of the film 20a and the AR coating layer 21 must be the same as the combined thickness of the release film 13 and the filters 17a-1e so that the surface of the filter layer 17 is flat. Must.
- FIG. 19 is a partially cut-away schematic cross-sectional view of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8c according to the third embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 14 described in the first embodiment.
- the filter layer 17 includes a filter 17a-17e, a release film 13 and a dummy film 18a.
- the filter layer 17 can be manufactured by the manufacturing method described in the first embodiment.
- the filters 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d, and 17e are dielectric multilayer films that transmit light of wavelengths ⁇ 1, 12, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4, and ⁇ 5, respectively.
- spacer blocks 31 a and 31 b are interposed between the light guide block 16 and the microphone lens array 14. It is.
- a transparent adhesive is applied to a transparent plate 28 such as a glass plate, and a filter layer 17 is formed thereon.
- a film 20a having an AR coat layer 21 on the surface is further adhered with a transparent adhesive.
- the transparent plate 28 on which the filter layer 17 and the like are formed and the spacer blocks 31a and 31b are adhered to the surface of the light guide block 16 and the microlens array 14 The optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8c is completed by bonding together.
- FIG. 20 is a partially cut-away schematic cross-sectional view of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8d according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and corresponds to FIG. 14 described in the first embodiment.
- the filter layer 17 of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8d of the present embodiment is a filter 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d, 176 or the coat layer 21 is a transparent block made of glass or the like.
- the filter block is formed on the surface of the filter block 29a, 29b, 29c, 29d, 29e, 29f, 29g.
- the filters 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d, and 17e transmit light in the wavelength ranges ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4, and ⁇ 5, respectively, and This is a dielectric multilayer film that reflects the light.
- a filter thin film 27 having each filter characteristic is formed on the surface of a transparent substrate 22 such as glass.
- the same number of the substrates 22 having the filter thin films 27 formed on the surface as the types of the filters 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d, and 17e are prepared.
- an AR coating layer 21 having the same thickness as the filter thin film 27 formed on the substrate 22 is prepared.
- the back surface of the substrate 22 is polished to reduce the thickness of the substrate 22 as much as possible, and as shown in FIG. 21 (c), an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8d is used. Cut the filters 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d, 17e and the width of the AR coating layer 21 to be used.
- the filter 17a—17e or the substrate 22 having the AR coating layer 21 formed on the surface thereof cut into a rectangular shape is a filter tab 29a—29g.
- filter blocks 29a-29e with filters 17a-17e and filter blocks 29f and 29g with AR coat 21 are arranged in order as shown in Fig. 21 (d). If the side surfaces are bonded and polished so that the back surface becomes flat, a filter layer 17 as shown in FIG. 21 (e) is completed. The filter layer 17 is attached to the upper surface of the light guide block 16 with a transparent adhesive.
- FIG. 22 is a partially cut-away schematic cross-sectional view of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8e according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, which has been described with reference to FIGS. 14 and 4 of the first embodiment.
- 21 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. In the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8e, description of the same components as those described in the first or fourth embodiment will be omitted.
- the filters 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d, and 17e transmit light at wavelengths 1, 1, 2, 3, X4, and ⁇ 5, respectively, and transmit light at other wavelength ranges. This is a dielectric multilayer film that reflects light.
- the filter layer 17 is composed of a filter block 29 a—29 f in which the filter 17 a—17 e or the AR coat layer 21 is formed on the surface of a transparent block such as glass. I have.
- the filter layer 17 (filter block 29 a-29 f) of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 e of this embodiment is provided only below the microphone aperture lens 12 a-12 f. Are located.
- the space between the microphone aperture lens 1 2a—12 f and the filter layer 17 is determined by a space that is completely separate from the microphone aperture lens array 14 as shown in Figure 22. Only the mouthpieces 31a and 31b may be used.
- spacers 15 a, 15 b, 15 c, and 15 d integrally formed with the microphone lens array 14,
- spacer blocks 31a and 31b which can be adjusted to a proper height by adding to the spacer 15a-15d, the first embodiment will be described.
- the microlens array 14 thus obtained can also be used in this embodiment.
- spacers 15a and 15c are joined to spacer cap 31a, and spacers 15b and 1c are joined. 5 d and Sue Saab mouthpiece 3 1 b are joined.
- the filter layer 17 of this embodiment can be manufactured by the method of manufacturing the filter layer 17 described in the fourth embodiment with reference to FIG.
- the filter thin film 27 formed on the upper surface of the substrate 22 shown in FIG. 21 has a tensile stress directed toward the center thereof, when the back surface of the substrate 22 is polished, The glass substrate may warp or break due to tensile stress.
- a filter thin film 27 is formed on the surface of the substrate 22 as shown in FIG. 24 (a), and then the filter thin film 27 is diced as shown in FIG. 24 (b).
- the substrate 22 may be cut in advance, and then the back surface of the substrate 22 may be polished until a desired thickness is obtained, as shown in FIG.
- the filter thin film 27 As described above, if the filter thin film 27 is divided before the substrate 22 is polished, the area of each filter thin film 27 a becomes smaller and the stress is alleviated. However, the substrate 22 does not warp or break. Note that the filter thin film 27a does not necessarily have to be divided into the widths of the filters 17a-17e, and the width of the filter must be a multiple of the width of the filter to reduce the above-mentioned stress. May be divided.
- the filter thin film 27a and the substrate 22 are completely cut at the width of the filter 17a-17e used in the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8e. Subsequent steps are the same as those described in the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 25 is a partially cut-away schematic cross-sectional view of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 f according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 14 described in the first embodiment.
- This optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8f is a micro-optical system with an optical fiber 11 and a microphone aperture lens 12a_12f and spacers 15a, 15b, 15c, 15d on the bottom. It is composed of a lens array 14, a filter layer 17, and a mirror layer 19.
- the filter layer 17 has a filter 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d, 17e or an AR coating layer 21 or a dummy film 18b formed on the surface of a transparent block such as glass. It is composed of filter blocks 29a, 29b, 29c, 29d, 29e, 29f, and 29g.
- the finolators 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d, and 17e each have a wavelength; I1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4, and ⁇ 5, This is a dielectric multilayer film that reflects light.
- the filter layer 17 is manufactured by the manufacturing method described in the fourth or fifth embodiment (FIGS. 21 and 24).
- the mirror layer 19 is formed on the back surface.
- FIG. 26 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8g according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention, illustrating the structure thereof and how the optical signal is demultiplexed.
- the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 g has a shape such that the two optical multiplexers / demultiplexers described in the first embodiment are integrated symmetrically with the mirror layer 19 interposed therebetween.
- the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 g of this embodiment is composed of an optical fiber array 11 a, a microlens array 14 a, a filter layer 17 L, a light guide block 16 a, a mirror layer 19, and a light guide block 16 b. , A filter layer 17M, a microlens array 14b, and an optical fiber array 11b.
- the optical fiber array 11 a is composed of optical fins 9 a, 9 b, 9 c, 9 d, 9 e, 9 f and a connector 10.
- the microlens array 14a has microlenses 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, 12e, 12f and spacers 15a, 15b, It has 15c and 15d.
- the micro lens array 14 b has a microphone aperture lens 12 g, 12 h, 12 i, 12 j, 12 k, 12 1 and a spacer 15 a, 15 b, 1 on the lower surface. 5c, 15d.
- the optical fiber array l ib is composed of optical fibers 9 g, 9 h, 9 i, 9 j, 9 k, 91 and a connector 10.
- the filter layer 17 L is composed of an AR coat layer (anti-reflection film) 21 and filters 17 a, 17 b, 1 that transmit light of wavelengths 1, 12, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4, and ⁇ 5, respectively. It consists of 7c, 17d, 17e, release film 13, and dummy film (spacer) 18b.
- the AR coating layer 21 faces the microlenses 12a
- the filters 17a_l7e It faces lens 12b_12f.
- the filter layer 17M includes filters 17f, 17g, 17h, 17i, 17j that transmit light of wavelengths ⁇ 6, 7, ⁇ 8, ⁇ 9, ⁇ 10, respectively. Dummy film (spacer) 18a, 18b.
- the mirror layer 19 is formed of a material layer having a high reflectance such as a metal film, and both surfaces are reflection surfaces. Further, an opening provided in a part of the mirror layer 19 is provided with a filter 17k that transmits light of wavelengths ⁇ 6, ⁇ 7, ⁇ 8, ⁇ 9, and ⁇ 10.
- the light demultiplexing operation of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 g will be described.
- the light of wavelength ⁇ 1 - ⁇ 10 incident on the micro lens 12 a from the optical fiber 9 a is bent by passing through the micro lens 12 a, and the light path is bent to be parallel light, and the AR coating layer 21 and the light are guided.
- the light passes through the optical block 16 a and enters the filter 17 k of the mirror layer 19.
- the filter 17k reflects light having a wavelength of 11 ⁇ 5.
- L1, 2, E3, ⁇ 4, ⁇ 5 light can be extracted.
- the light having a wavelength of L6- ⁇ 10 transmitted through the filter 17k of the mirror layer 19 passes through the light guide block 16b and enters the filter layer 17M.
- the filters 17f, 17g, 17h, 17i, and 17j are sequentially turned on at wavelengths ⁇ 6, ⁇ 8.
- ⁇ 9 and ⁇ 10 are transmitted and demultiplexed, and the wavelengths ⁇ 6, ⁇ 7, ⁇ 8, ⁇ 9 and ⁇ are output from the optical fibers 9 h, 9 i, 9 j, 9 k and 91, respectively. 10 light can be extracted.
- the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 g of the present invention is small in size and can be demultiplexed into many wavelengths by sharing the mirror layer 19.
- optical fibers 9 g and 12 g may be omitted, but in this embodiment, they are provided in consideration of sharing components with other embodiments.
- each of the microlenses 12a to 12f of the microlens array 14 is a non-linear lens capable of bending the optical axis direction of light entering and exiting the optical fibers 9a to 9f.
- a lens that is a part of a spherical lens that is, a tilted lens
- such a lens is a special lens whose shape is not rotationally symmetric around the axis and is difficult to process and mold. , The cost is high and the cost is high.
- the eighth embodiment takes this point into consideration, and uses a prism to bend the optical axis direction of light.
- FIG. 27 is an exploded perspective view of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8h according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 28 is a schematic sectional view thereof.
- this optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8h the ends of a plurality of optical fibers 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d, 9e, 9f bundled in a line are inserted into the connector 10, and The ends of the optical fibers 9a to 9f are held in parallel by a plastic connector 10.
- the end faces of the optical fibers 9a to 9f are exposed in a line.
- a panel-shaped microlens array 34 is adhered.
- a plurality of microlenses 35 a, 35 b, 35 c, 35 d, 35 e, and 35 f are formed in a row on the surface of the microphone opening lens array 34.
- the direction of the optical axis of the light after passing through the lens coincides with the direction of the optical axis of the light before entering the lens Lens (hereinafter referred to as a straight lens).
- a light beam incident on the optical axis of the lens is a general lens emitted so as to pass on the optical axis of the lens, and has a rotationally symmetric shape around the optical axis.
- the arrangement pitch of the microlenses 35a-35f is equal to the arrangement pitch of the optical fibers 9a-9f, and the microlenses 35a-35f are the optical fibers 9a-9f and the optical axis, respectively. It is arranged to match.
- the thickness of the microlens array 34 is determined such that the end face of each of the optical fibers 9a-9f is located substantially at the focal point of each of the microphone aperture lenses 35a-35f.
- a multiplexing / demultiplexing block 36 including a prism block 37, a filter layer 17 and a light guide block 16 is arranged.
- the prism block 37 is a substantially rectangular block made of glass or transparent plastic material.
- spacers 38 are protruded from both ends of the upper surface, and both spacers are provided.
- a plurality of prisms 39a, 39b, 39c, 39d, 39e, 39 with a triangular cross section at a pitch equal to the microphone aperture lens 35a-35f f force is provided.
- Each prism 39a-39f has the same inclination angle, of which prism 39b-39f is inclined in the same direction, and only prism 39a is the other prism 39b-3 It is inclined in the opposite direction to 9 f.
- the spacer 38 and the prisms 39a-39f extend in the front-rear direction on the upper surface of the prism block 37 while maintaining the same cross-sectional shape.
- spacers 38 protrude from both ends of the upper surface, but as shown in FIG.
- the spacer 38 may be formed, and a plurality of prisms 39 a-39 f may be provided in a concave portion provided in a region surrounded by the spacer 38.
- the filter layer 17 has a transmission wavelength range of 1, ⁇ 2, a3, ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 4 between a pair of dummy films 18a and 18b (see FIG. 8). , 17b, 17c, and 17d.
- the filter 17a—17d is formed to have a width equal to the pitch of the microphone aperture lens 35a—35mm.
- the dummy films 18a and 1d are formed.
- the thickness of 8b is equal to the thickness of filter 17a-17d.
- the filters 17a-17d and the dummy films 18a, 18b may be integrated by pasting them on a thin transparent resin film (not shown) in advance.
- a release layer made of a polyimide film or the like may be present under each of the filters 17a to 17d, and an AR coat layer is formed on the surface of the prism block 37. Is also good.
- the light guide block 16 is formed in a rectangular shape with glass, quartz, or a transparent plastic material, and has a mirror layer 19 formed of a dielectric multilayer film having a high reflectivity or a metal vapor-deposited film formed on the lower surface thereof. ing.
- the multiplexing / demultiplexing block 36 sandwiches this filter layer 17 between the lower surface of the prism block 37 and the upper surface of the light guide block 16 to guide the filter layer 37 to the prism block 37. It is formed by joining and integrating the optical blocks 16.
- the surface of the filter layer 17 becomes flat, and the prism block 37 is joined. Will be easier.
- the multiplexing / demultiplexing block 36 is disposed close to and below the microlens array 14, and the prisms 39a-39f are respectively opposed to the microphone aperture lenses 35a-35f. As a result, the micro lenses 35a-35f, the filter layer 17 and the mirror layer 19 are arranged so as to be parallel to each other.
- the light emitted from the optical fiber 9a is converted into parallel light by the microlenses 35a, refracted by the prism 39a, and refracted by the prism block 3a. Go inside 7 and head to mirror layer 19.
- the parallel light traveling toward the prism 39a after being reflected by the mirror layer 19 is refracted by the prism 39a, travels parallel to the optical axis of the optical fiber 9a, and is condensed by the microlens 35a. Then, it is coupled to the optical fiber 9a.
- the dummy film 18a is located on the optical path of this light.
- the light emitted from the optical fiber 9c is converted into parallel light by the micro lens 35c, refracted by the prism 39c, enters the prism block 37, and travels to the mirror layer 19.
- the parallel light traveling to the prism 39c after being reflected by the mirror layer 19 is refracted by the prism 39c and travels parallel to the optical axis of the optical fiber 9c, and is collected by the microlens 35c. And is coupled to the optical fiber 9c.
- the filter 17a is located on the optical path of this light.
- the light emitted from the optical fibers 9 d-9 f is converted into parallel light by the microlenses 35 d-35 f, respectively, refracted by the prism 39 d _ 39 f, and And go to the mirror layer 1 9.
- the parallel light traveling to the prism 39d-39f is refracted by the prism 39d-39f, respectively, and is refracted by the optical fiber 9d-9f.
- the light is focused by the microlenses 35d-35f and coupled to the optical fiber 9d-9f.
- the filters 17 b 17 c and 17 d are located on the optical paths of these lights, respectively.
- the interval between the positions where the light passes through the filters 17 a to 17 d and returns to the plane on which the prism is formed can be adjusted by the thickness of the light guide block 16.
- the horizontal distance between the position where the light passes through the prism 39a and the position where the light is reflected by the mirror layer 19 and passes through the filter 17a and returns to the plane where the prism is formed is defined by the prism aperture. It can be adjusted by the thickness of the hook 37. Therefore, by adjusting the thickness of the prism block 37 and the thickness of the light guide block 16, the light returning to the prism 39 c — 39 f matches the position of the prism 39 c-39 f Can be adjusted as follows.
- the light demultiplexing operation of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8h will be described with reference to FIG.
- the light incident on the microlens 35a from the optical fiber 9a is converted into parallel light by the microlens 35, a. After that, it enters the prism 39a.
- the light incident on the prism 39a is bent in the optical axis direction when passing through the prism 39a, is incident obliquely into the prism block 37, and passes through the dummy film 18a and the light guide block 16. It passes through and reaches the mirror layer 19.
- the light of wavelength ⁇ 1 is transmitted through the filter 17a and is incident on the prism 39c, and the optical axis is bent when transmitted through the prism 39c. It is coupled to the optical fiber 9c by the micro lens 35c. Therefore, only the light of wavelength 1 can be extracted from the light emitting end of the optical fiber 9c.
- the light of wavelength 2 passes through the filter 17b and enters the prism 39d. It is coupled to an optical fiber 9d by a lens 35d. Therefore, light of wavelength 2 can be extracted from the light emitting end of the optical fiber 9d.
- the light of wavelength ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 reflected by the filter 17 b is further reflected by the mirror layer 19 and enters the filter 17 c.
- the light of wavelength ⁇ 3 passes through the filter 17c and enters the prism 39e, where the optical axis is bent when passing through the prism 39e, and the The lens 35e couples the optical fiber 9e. Therefore, light having a wavelength of L3 can be extracted from the light emitting end of the optical fiber 9e.
- the wavelength of the light reflected by the filter 17c; the light of I4 is further reflected by the mirror layer 19 and enters the filter 17d.
- the wavelength transmitted through the filter 17 d; the light of I 4 is incident on the prism 39 ⁇ , the optical axis is bent when passing through the prism 39 f, and the optical fiber 9 f is transmitted by the micro lens 35 f. Is combined with Therefore, light having a wavelength of 4 can be extracted from the light emitting end of the optical fiber 9f.
- the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8h can demultiplex the multiplexed light. Conversely, by multiplexing the light of wavelength 1- ⁇ 4 that has propagated through the optical fibers 9c-1 9f and extracting it from the optical fiber 9a, it can be used as a multiplexer. 15).
- the filter layer 17 is sandwiched between the prism block 37 and the light guide block 16 and they are attached with a transparent adhesive. It may be bonded and integrated with each other. Alternatively, a dummy film 18a, a filter 17a-17d, and a dummy film 18b are arranged in this order on the upper surface of the light guide block 16 and adhered with an adhesive, and then the prism block 3 is attached with an adhesive from above. The lower surface of 7 may be bonded.
- the filters 17a-17d can be positioned by the width of the dummy film 18a or 18b.
- the filter layer 17 may be formed.
- the filter layer 17 may be formed, sandwiched between the prism block 37 and the light guide block 16 and adhered with an adhesive 40. Good. In this case, the gap between the prism block 37 and the light guide 16 outside the filter layer 17 is filled with the adhesive 40.
- the area of the filter layer 17 is made smaller than the area of the lower surface of the prism block 37 and the upper surface of the light guide block 16 so that the filter layer 17 is As shown in Fig. 3 2 (b), after temporarily bonding to the top surface of the light guide block 16 with an adhesive or the like,
- the prism block 37 is superimposed on the light guide block 16 and the lower surface of the prism block 37 and the upper surface of the light guide block 16 are joined together without using an adhesive.
- a filter layer 17 may be interposed between the prism block 37 and the light guide block 16.
- Methods for joining the prism block 37 and the light guide block 16 without using an adhesive include a pressure bonding method in which pressure is applied, a low-temperature fusion method in which low-temperature heat is applied, and an ultrasonic bonding method. Etc. can be used.
- the filters 17 a to 17 d are positioned according to the width of the dummy film 18 a or the dummy film 18 b, but as shown in FIG. A groove 41 for positioning the filter layer 17 may be provided on the upper surface of the optical block 16. That is, the width of the groove 41 provided on the upper surface of the light guide block 16 is almost equal to the width of the filter layer 17 and the depth is almost equal to the thickness of the filter layer 17. Therefore, the filter layer 17 can be easily positioned by receiving the filter layer 17 in the groove 41 and joining the prism block 37 to the upper surface of the light guide block 16.
- a groove 42 is provided on the lower surface of the prism block 37, and the filter layer 17 is placed in the groove 42, and the light guide block 1 is provided on the lower surface of the prism block 37.
- filter layer 17 can be easily positioned. From the viewpoint of positioning between the prisms 39a-39f and the filter layer 17, it is preferable to provide the grooves 42 in the prism block 37.
- a step 43 is provided on the lower surface of the prism block 37, and a step 44 is also provided on the upper surface of the light guide block 16, and the prism block 37 is connected to the prism block 37.
- the filter layer 17 may be positioned by placing the filter layer 17 in a space formed between the steps 43 and 44.
- the prism block 37 and the light guide block 16 are joined after the filter layer 17 is bonded to the step portion 43 or the step portion 44 on the other side.
- the positioning work of the filter layer 17 can be facilitated, as compared with the case where the filter layer 17 is placed in the groove 41 or 42 as shown in FIG.
- the multiplexing / demultiplexing block 36 used in the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8h according to this embodiment will be described.
- a method of manufacturing a mold for forming the prism block 37 will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the plates 45a, 45b, 45c, 45d, 45e, and 45f made of metal plates such as stainless steel, aluminum, and brass are combined with the number of prisms 39a-39f. Prepare an equal number of sheets.
- These plates 4 5a— 45 f are prism 3 9a—
- each plate 45a-45f can be ground at one time, and the end face of each plate 45a-45f can be ground at once. Variations in the grinding angle can be suppressed.
- the inclination of the inclined surface 46 formed on the end face of each plate 45 a — 45 f is the inclination angle of the prism 39 a — 39 f when the inclined surface 46 faces downward. Is equal to Then, as shown in Fig. 36 (c), the top 45a is turned upside down, and the inclined surfaces 46 are aligned, and each plate 45a-45f is realigned.
- an inverted pattern of the pattern of the prism forming area on the surface of the prism block 37 is formed by the entire inclined surface 46 of each of the plates 45a-45f.
- each of the plates 45a-45f is pressed again with a jig or the like and integrated, and then along the surface shown by the broken line in Fig. 36 (c), the side opposite to the inclined surface 46. Grind the end faces vertically, and align the end faces with each other.
- FIG. 37 (d) a partial mold 47 for forming a prism pattern having a width of one prism block 37 is obtained.
- the partial molds 47 for forming a prism pattern obtained as described above are arranged side by side in close contact with each other and integrated as shown in FIG. 37 (e).
- a metal block 48 with a width equal to the width of the prism block 37 is closely attached and arranged, and the end face is processed as shown in Fig. 38 (b).
- a molding block 50 is obtained.
- the shape of the processing surface 49 of the molding block 50 is the inverted shape of the shape of the upper surface of the prism block 37 outside the prism forming region (the spacer 38 and the adjacent concave portion). Become.
- These molding blocks 50 are also closely aligned and integrated as many as the number of the partial patterns 47 for forming the prism pattern.
- both surfaces of the prism pattern forming partial mold 47 are sandwiched by the molding blocks 50 and integrated, thereby obtaining a partial mold 51 as shown in FIG.
- the components (plates, molding blocks) that make up the partial mold 51 can be integrated by mechanically tightening them using appropriate jigs (clampers, bolts, nuts, etc.). May be integrated with each other, or may be bonded using a heat-resistant adhesive. If the finishing accuracy of the surface of each component is high, the plates 45a and the molding blocks 50 are joined and integrated only by bringing them into close contact with each other.
- the partial mold 51 shown in FIG. 39 is inserted into the mold body 52 as shown in FIG. 40, and a prism block 37 is inserted between the partial mold 51 and the mold body 52.
- a cavity 53 for molding is formed.
- the mold body 52 is fixed to a fixed plate of the molding machine, and the partial mold 51 is attached to a lifting plate of the molding machine. Then, the partial mold 51 is lowered and inserted into the mold body 52, and the resin is injected into the cavity 53 from the gun 54, whereby the prism block 37 is formed.
- the molded prism block 37 is taken out from the mold body 52 by lifting the partial mold 51 and removing it from the mold body 52, and then pushing up with the ejector pins 55.
- FIG. 41 (a) is a perspective view showing a plurality of prism blocks 37 formed as described above. Further, FIG. 41 (a) shows a light guide block 16 having a groove 41 for accommodating the filter layer 17 (in the case where the light guide block 16 has a groove like the light guide block 16 in FIG. 33). ). Although the step of forming the light guide block 16 is omitted, a plurality of light guide blocks 16 are integrally formed in accordance with the prism block 37, and a mirror layer 19 is formed on the lower surface. Have been. A plurality of filter layers 17 each having a length corresponding to a plurality of light guide blocks 16 are accommodated in the grooves 41 of the plurality of light guide blocks 16, and the light guide blocks 16 and the prism blocks 37 are joined and integrated. A plurality of multiplexing / demultiplexing blocks 36 as shown in 4 1 (b) are obtained.
- the multiplexing / demultiplexing block 36 for a plurality formed by using the partial mold 51 as shown in FIG. 39 is indicated by a broken line in the multiplexing / demultiplexing block 36 of FIG. 41 (b).
- marks 56 corresponding to the mating surfaces of the prism pattern forming parts 47 are formed, and the multiplexing / demultiplexing block 36 is cut along the marks 56 with a dicing tool or the like. Individual multiplexing / demultiplexing blocks 36 are obtained.
- a plurality of multiplexing / demultiplexing blocks 36 are formed at a time to improve mass productivity, but of course, the multiplexing / demultiplexing blocks 36 may be formed one by one. Further, the mirror layer 19 may be formed on the rear surface of the combining / demultiplexing block 36 after the assembly.
- the mirror layer 19 may be formed on the lower surface of the prism block 37 by attaching d.
- This modification is an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer of the same type as the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8b shown in FIG. 17 (or, see FIG. 44).
- the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 having a structure as shown in FIG. 27, in which case, the second prism 39b may not be provided.
- the prism 39b is provided in consideration of sharing with the prism block used in the above-described modification.
- the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention includes a microphone aperture lens array 14 attached to an optical fiber array 11, a microphone aperture lens 35a-35f, and a prism 39a-39f. And the shape of the multiplexing / demultiplexing block 36 is simplified.
- FIG. 43 is a cross-sectional view of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 i according to the ninth embodiment. Except for the structure of the microlens array 14, FIG. It has a similar structure.
- a concave portion 57 is formed on the back surface of the microlens array 14, and a straight lens is inserted into the concave portion 57.
- a certain number of microlenses 35a-35f are formed in a line.
- a concave portion 58 is also formed on the surface of the microlens array 14, and prisms 39a-39f are formed in this concave portion 58 in a line.
- the prisms 39a-39f formed on the front and back of the microlens array 14 and the microlenses 35a-35f have a one-to-one correspondence with each other, and the prisms 39a-39f and The labor for positioning the microlenses 35a_35f is also eliminated.
- the multiplexing / demultiplexing block 36 has a simple rectangular shape without the prisms 39a-39f. It comprises a block (cover member 20), a filter layer 17 and a light guide block 16.
- the function as a multiplexer and the function as a multiplexer can be performed in the same manner as in the eighth embodiment.
- a space is generated between the microlens array 14 and the multiplexing / demultiplexing block 36.
- the filter layer 17 can be arranged in this space. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 45, an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer in which the filter layer 17 is arranged on the surface of the light guide block 16 and the mirror layer 19 is provided on the back surface of the light guide block 16 can be obtained. . This is because the light is obliquely incident on the light guide block 16 and the light is reflected between the filter 17 a-17 e and the mirror layer 19.
- light of wavelengths ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, 44, ⁇ 5 can be taken out in order from FIG. 17e, as shown in FIG. 17 except for the structure of the microlens array 14. It has the same structure as the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8b.
- FIG. 46 is a sectional view showing the structure of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8j according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention.
- This optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 j has the same structure as the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 b according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 and the like, except for the microlens array 14.
- microlenses 35a, 35c-35f are formed by arranging aspherical or spherical rectilinear lenses in a row on the surface of the microlens array 14. There is a gap between the micro lens 35a and the micro lens 35c-35f. Each microlens 35a, 35c-35f is arranged so that its optical axis is shifted with respect to the optical axis direction of each optical fiber 9a, 9c-9f. 35a is eccentric to the microphone lens 35c, and the microlenses 35c-35f are eccentric to the microphone lens 35a as a whole.
- the optical axes of the linear lenses 35a, 35c—35f are optical fibers 9a, 9c-1 9f.
- the light emitted from each of the optical fibers 9a, 9c—9f passes through the microlenses 35a, 35c-35f to be parallel light. And the light emission direction is bent obliquely.
- the micro lenses 35a, 35c—3 The direction in which light travels by passing through 5 f The light is bent in a direction parallel to the optical axis of c-9f and is collected on the end faces of the optical fibers 9a and 9c-9f.
- the demultiplexing operation and the multiplexing operation can be performed in the same manner as the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8a according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 47 is an exploded perspective view showing an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8k according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
- this optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8k the ends of two sets of parallel optical fiber bundles of an optical fiber 9a-9f and an optical fiber 59a-59f are held by the connector 10 and Fiber array 11 is configured.
- the optical fibers 9a_9f and the optical fibers 59a-59f are arranged in order from the opposite side as shown in FIG.
- the microlens array 14 is provided with microlenses 12 a, 12 c — 12 f force S corresponding to the respective end faces of the optical fibers 9 a, 9 c _ 9 f.
- Microphone aperture lenses 60a, 60c-60f are provided corresponding to the respective end faces of 9c-59f.
- the multiplexing / demultiplexing block 36 includes a filter layer 17 composed of a filter 17a-17d between the light guide block 16 having the mirror layer 19 formed on the back surface and the cover member 20. It is something that is sandwiched.
- FIG. 48 is a sectional view taken along a plane including the optical fibers 9a-9f.
- the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8k functions as a demultiplexer in this cross section, and the multiplexed optical signals of wavelengths 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, and k, an optical signal having a wavelength of ⁇ 1 enters the optical fiber 9c, an optical signal having a wavelength of ⁇ 2 enters the optical fiber 9d, and light having a wavelength of 3 enters the optical fiber 9e.
- An optical signal of wavelength ⁇ 4 enters the optical fiber 9 f.
- the demultiplexing operation at this time is as described in the first embodiment (see the description of FIG. 14).
- FIG. 49 is a sectional view taken along a plane including the optical fibers 59a-59f.
- the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 k functions as a multiplexer in this cross section, and the optical signal of wavelength 1 incident from the optical fiber 59 f and the optical signal of wavelength ⁇ 2 incident from the optical fiber 59 e are The optical signal of L3 and the optical signal of wavelength ⁇ 4 incident from the optical fiber 59c are multiplexed by the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8k to the optical fiber 59a.
- the multiplexed optical signals of wavelengths 1, 2, 3, and ⁇ 4 enter.
- the multiplexing operation at this time is as described in the first embodiment (see the description of FIG. 15).
- the light is divided by the optical fiber 9 a-9 f, the microlenses 12 a, 12 c-12 f, and a part of the filter layer 17.
- the optical fiber 59-59f, the microphone aperture lens 60a, 60c-60f, and a part of the filter layer 17 constitute a multiplexing section.
- the filters 17a_17d are shared by the demultiplexing and multiplexing sections.
- FIG. 51 is a schematic diagram for explaining a use state of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8k.
- the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 k installed in one station and the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 k installed in the other station are connected by two-core optical fiber cables 61 and 62. That is, the optical fiber 59a at the multiplexer of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8k installed at one station and the optical fiber 9a at the multiplexer of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8k installed at the other station.
- optical fiber cable 61 is connected by an optical fiber cable 61, and the optical fiber 59 at the multiplexing section of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8k installed at the other station and the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 installed at one station.
- the optical fiber 9a in the k branching section is connected by an optical fiber cable 62.
- an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8k combines the optical signals of wavelengths ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4 and multiplexes one optical signal of wavelength ⁇ 1- ⁇ 4. Is transmitted to the other station via the optical fiber cable 61 of FIG.
- the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8k of the other station that has received the multiplexed optical signal demultiplexes the multiplexed optical signal with the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8k, and obtains wavelengths 1, 1, 2 and 3 Take out 4 optical signals individually.
- the other station multiplexes the optical signals of wavelengths 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, and ⁇ 4 by the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8k and multiplexes one optical signal of wavelength ⁇ 1—e4. Is transmitted to one of the stations via the optical fiber cable 62. While receiving this multiplexed optical signal T / JP2003 / 013899
- the multiplexed optical signal is demultiplexed by the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8k, and the optical signals of the respective wavelengths ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, and ⁇ 4 are individually extracted.
- the optical fibers 59a-59f of the multiplexing section and the microphone aperture lenses 60a, 60c-60f are connected to the optical fibers 9a-9f of the demultiplexing section and the microphone aperture lens 1 2.
- a, 1 2 c-12 f are sequentially arranged in the opposite direction, and the light of wavelength 1 is sequentially combined with light of wavelength ⁇ 2, light of wavelength ⁇ 3, and light of wavelength 4 .
- the optical fiber 59a-59f and the microlenses 60a, 60c-60f at the multiplexing part are replaced with the optical fiber 9a_9f and the microlens 12a, 12 at the demultiplexing part. It is also possible to arrange them sequentially in the same direction as c—12f and combine them in order of wavelength 4 light, wavelength 3 light, wavelength 2 light, wavelength; I1 light It is.
- Fig. 52 (a) shows an example of using the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8k configured as the former, using the optical fiber 59a at the multiplexing part of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8k of one station and the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer of the other station.
- the figure shows a state in which the optical fiber 9a of the demultiplexing unit of the optical device 8k is connected by the optical fiber cable 61.
- Fig. 52 (b) shows an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8k configured as the latter, using the optical fiber 59a of the multiplexing part of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8k of one station and the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer of the other station.
- light of wavelength ⁇ 4 is introduced first, and light of wavelength ⁇ 3 is introduced there.
- the light of wavelength 1 is split and extracted, then the light of wavelength 2 is split and extracted, then the light of wavelength A 3 is split and extracted, and finally the light of wavelength 4 is extracted.
- the light of wavelength ⁇ 4 that first enters at one station is extracted last at the other station, and the light of wavelength ⁇ 1 that is finally combined at one station is converted to the other.
- the optical path length from the input to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 k of one station to the output from the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 k of the other station differs depending on the wavelength.
- the degree of attenuation differs or the phase differs depending on the wavelength of light, and the characteristics may change depending on the wavelength.
- FIG. 52 (a) which is an embodiment as shown in FIG.
- the light of wavelength 1 is first introduced, the light of wavelength 2 is multiplexed there, and then the wavelength ⁇ 3 is multiplexed, then the light of wavelength ⁇ 4 is multiplexed and sent to the other station via the optical fiber cable 61, and the other station separates the light of wavelength 1 from the received optical signal.
- Waves are extracted, then the light of wavelength 2 is split and extracted, then light of wavelength ⁇ 3 is split and extracted, and finally light of wavelength 4 is extracted. Therefore, according to the configuration as shown in Fig. 47 and Fig. 52 (a), the wavelength that is first incident on one station; the light of L1 is extracted first by the other station and multiplexed last by one station.
- the light of wavelength ⁇ 4 is finally extracted at the other station (FI FO), and enters the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8k of one station and then from the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8k of the other station.
- the optical path length until the light exits is almost constant regardless of the wavelength. Therefore, the degree of attenuation of the optical signal does not differ depending on the wavelength and the phase does not differ, and the transmission characteristics can be made uniform regardless of the wavelength.
- FIG. 53 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8m according to a modification of the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
- this optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 m on the surface of the microlens array 14, microphone aperture lenses 35 a and 35 c—35 f composed of linear lenses and microphone aperture lenses 73 a and 73 composed of linear lenses c-73 f are arranged in two columns.
- a multiplexing / demultiplexing block 36 is formed by sandwiching the filter layer 17 between the light guide block 16 having the mirror layer 19 formed on the lower surface and the prism block 37.
- prisms 39a-39f and prisms 74a-74f are arranged in two rows.
- the microphone lenses 35a, 35c-35f and the prisms 39a, 39c_39f act as the microlenses 12a, 12c-12f in the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8k in Fig. 47.
- the micro lenses 73a, 73c-73f and the prisms 74a, 74c-74f function as micro lenses 60a, 60c-60f.
- FIG. 54 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8n according to another modification of the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
- this optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8n as shown in FIG.
- On the back of Ray 14 are microphone aperture lenses 35a, 35c-35f composed of straight lenses, and microphone aperture lenses 73a, 73c-73f composed of straight lenses.
- the surface of the microlens array 14 has prisms 39a-39f and prism 7
- a multiplexing / demultiplexing block 36 is formed by sandwiching the filter layer 17 between the light guide block 16 having the mirror layer 19 formed on the lower surface and the cover member 20. Then, the microlenses 35 a, 35 c _ 35 f and the prisms 39 a, 39 c-39 f allow the microphone aperture lenses 1 2 a, 1 2 c in the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 k in FIG.
- FIG. 56 is a cross-sectional view showing an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8p according to the 12th embodiment of the present invention.
- the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8k according to the first embodiment two optical fiber cables 61 and 62 were required to connect the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8k to each other.
- the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8p can be connected by one optical fiber cable 6 1.
- the demultiplexing unit is composed of the optical fibers 9a, 9c, 9d, 9e, 9f held in the optical fiber array 11 and the micro lenses 12a, 12c, 12d, 12e, 1 2 f and filters 17 a, 17 b, 17 c, and 17 d.
- the filter 17a has the property of transmitting light of wavelength; 1 and reflecting light of other wavelength ranges
- the filter 17b transmits light of wavelength ⁇ 2 and filters light of other wavelength ranges.
- the filter 17c has the property of transmitting light of wavelength 3 and reflects the light of other wavelength ranges
- the filter 17d has the property of transmitting light of wavelength ⁇ 4 and has other characteristics. It has the property of reflecting light in the region.
- the multiplexing part of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 ⁇ is composed of the optical fibers 59 a, 59 c, 59 d, 59 e, 59 f, and the microlenses 60 a, 6 held in the optical fiber array 11. 0 c, 60 d, 60 e, 60 f and filters 63 a, 63 b, 63 c, 63 d.
- the filter 63a has a characteristic of transmitting light of the wavelength L5 and reflecting light of another wavelength range
- the filter 63b transmits the light of the wavelength 6 and transmits light of another wavelength range.
- the filter 63c has the property of reflecting light
- the filter 63c has the property of transmitting light of wavelength 7 and reflects light in other wavelength ranges
- the filter 63d has the property of transmitting light of wavelength ⁇ 8. Has the characteristic of reflecting light in the wavelength range of
- the optical fiber 59a of the multiplexing part is connected to the demultiplexing part with its end face facing the microphone aperture lens 12b arranged between the microlenses 12a and 12c of the demultiplexing part. Have been.
- the filter layer 17 at a position adjacent to the filter 17a, light having a wavelength of I1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4 is transmitted, and wavelengths 5, 5, 6, 7, and 8 are transmitted.
- a filter 64 having the characteristic of reflecting the light is disposed.
- the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 ⁇ when the multiplexed optical signal having the wavelengths ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, and 4 is emitted from the optical fiber 9 a, the optical signal becomes 1 2
- the light is collimated by a and the optical axis direction is bent, and enters the filter 64.
- the light of wavelength; L1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4 passes through the filter 64 and is reflected by the mirror layer 19, after which only the light of wavelength; I1 passes through the filter 17a and It is coupled to optical fiber 9c by lens 12c.
- the wavelength reflected by the filter 17a; the light of I2, ⁇ 3, and ⁇ 4 are reflected again by the mirror layer 19, and then only the light of the wavelength ⁇ 2 passes through the filter 17b, and the micro lens It is coupled to the optical fiber 9d by 12d.
- the light of wavelengths 3 and 4 reflected by the filter 17 b is reflected again by the mirror layer 19, and then only the light of wavelength L 3 passes through the filter 17 c and the micro lens 12 e To the optical fiber 9e.
- the light of wavelength ⁇ 4 reflected by the filter 17 c is reflected again by the mirror layer 19, and then only the light of wavelength ⁇ 4 passes through the filter 17 d and is reflected by the micro aperture lens 12 f. Coupled to fiber 9f.
- the light of wavelength 7 emitted from 59 e passes through the filter 63 c after the optical axis is bent by the microlens 60 e. Then, the light of wavelength 7 transmitted through the filter 6 3 c and the filter
- the light of wavelength ⁇ 8 reflected by 63 c is reflected by the mirror layer 19 and then enters the filter 63 b.
- the light of wavelength 6 emitted from the optical fiber 59 d passes through the filter 63 b after the optical axis direction is bent by the microlens 60 d.
- the light of wavelength 6 transmitted through the filter 63 b and the wavelength reflected by the filter 63 b; the light of I 8 and ⁇ 7 are reflected by the mirror layer 19 and then enter the filter 63 a.
- the light of wavelength 5 emitted from the optical fiber 59c passes through the filter 63a after the optical axis direction is bent by the microlens 60c.
- the light of wavelength 5 transmitted through the filter 63 a and the light of wavelength 8, ⁇ 7 and ⁇ 6 reflected by the filter 63 a are reflected by the mirror layer 19 and then passed through the micro lens 60 a.
- the incident light is coupled to the optical fiber 59a.
- the light of wavelengths 5, ⁇ 6, 67, and 88 incident on the optical fiber 59a propagates through the optical fiber 59a and is emitted from the other end of the optical fiber 59a.
- the light of wavelengths ⁇ 5, ⁇ 6, ⁇ 7, and ⁇ 8 emitted from the other end of the optical fiber 59a enters the filter 64 after being bent by the microlens 12b, and is reflected by the filter 64. Incident on the microphone aperture lens 12a and is coupled to the optical fiber 9a.
- the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 p includes an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 p installed in one station and an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 p ′ installed in the other station.
- the optical fiber cables 61 are used for communication.
- the optical multiplexer / demultiplexers 8p and 8p ' are connected to the optical fiber 9a.
- the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 p ′ connected to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 p differs from the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 p in the arrangement of the filters 17 a — 17 d and 63 a — 63 d. And the multiplexing part and the demultiplexing part are interchanged.
- the optical fibers 9 a, 9 c, 9 d, 9 e, 9 f, the microlenses 12 a, 12 c, 12 d, 12 e, 12 f, and 12 f The multiplexing section is constituted by the filters 17a, 17b, 17c, and 17d, and the arrangement of the filters 17a—17d is opposite to that of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8p. .
- the multiplexed optical signal is sent to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 ⁇ ′ by the optical fiber cable 61, and Wavelength 8 ⁇ 'is demultiplexed into wavelengths ⁇ 5-8 by the waver 8 ⁇ ′, and an optical signal of each wavelength ⁇ 5-8 is extracted.
- light with a wavelength of 8 is first multiplexed by an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 ⁇ and firstly demultiplexed by an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 ⁇ , and light of wavelength ⁇ 5 is optically multiplexed / demultiplexed.
- the optical signal is finally multiplexed by the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 ′, and is finally demultiplexed by the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 ⁇ ′.
- the transmission distances (optical path lengths) of the optical signals of each wavelength 5 to 8 are equal to each other.
- the multiplexed optical signal is sent to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 ⁇ by the same optical fiber cable 61.
- the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 ⁇ demultiplexes the signal into each wavelength ⁇ ⁇ 4, and extracts an optical signal of each wavelength 1 ⁇ 4.
- the light of wavelength 1 is first multiplexed by the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 ⁇ ′, and is first demultiplexed by the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 ⁇ .
- the optical signal is finally multiplexed by the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 ⁇ ′ and finally demultiplexed by the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 ⁇ .
- the transmission distance (optical path length) of the optical signal of each wavelength; L 1 ⁇ 4 is equal to each other. ing.
- the multiplexing part and demultiplexing part of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexers 8 ⁇ and 8 ⁇ ′ are arranged in series in FIG. 56, but may be arranged side by side and in parallel.
- FIG. 58 shows an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8q according to a modification of the 12th embodiment.
- the multiplexing part and the demultiplexing part were connected by the optical fiber 59a.
- 66 is used to connect the multiplexing part and the demultiplexing part. That is, in this modified example, concave portions 65, 66 each having a right-angled triangular cross section are provided on the upper surface of the cover member 20, and the wavelengths ⁇ 5, è6, ⁇ multiplexed at the multiplexing portion are provided.
- the light of 7, ⁇ 8 is incident on the filter 64 by being totally reflected by the concave portions 65 and 66, and after being reflected by the filter 64, Combined with 9a.
- FIG. 59 is a schematic sectional view showing the structure of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8r according to another modification of the 12th embodiment.
- an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer similar to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8p in FIG. 56 is manufactured by the following configuration.
- Microphone array lenses 35a, 35c-35f, which are linear lenses, are provided on the lower surface of the microlens array 14 so as to face the end faces of the optical fibers 9a, 9c-9f.
- a microlens 73c-73f consisting of a straight lens facing the end face of 59f, and a microlens 73a facing both ends of an inverted U-shaped optical fiber 59a.
- a filter layer 17 is sandwiched between a light guide block 16 having a mirror layer 19 formed on the lower surface and a prism block 37 to form a multiplexing / demultiplexing block 36.
- a prism 39a-39f is formed so as to face the microlenses 35a-35f, and the microlenses 73a, 73c-73f are formed.
- the prisms 74a and 74c-74f are formed to face each other.
- the micro lens 73b and the prism 74b may be omitted.
- light of each wavelength is input to an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer using an optical fiber, and light of each wavelength is extracted from the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer using an optical fiber.
- a light emitting device such as a semiconductor laser device (LD) is mounted at the light incident point of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer, or a light receiving device such as a photo diode (PD) or a photo transistor is mounted. It may be mounted at the light output part of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer.
- the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer (transbonder) 8s shown in FIG. 60 is based on the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8p shown in FIG. In this case, leave only the optical fiber 9a for connecting to the optical fiber cable and the optical fiber 59a connecting the multiplexing part and the demultiplexing part, and face the micro lens 12c-12f.
- a light receiving element 68 c, 68 d, 68 e, 68 f (for example, a light receiving element array integrating the light receiving element) is mounted on the microphone opening lens array 14, respectively, and the microphone opening lens 60 c -Light emitting elements 6 7 c, 6 7 d, 6 7 e, 6 7 f (e.g., light emitting wavelengths ⁇ 1, 2, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4) And a light-emitting element array in which light-emitting elements are integrated.
- the light-receiving elements 68c-68f are arranged so that the optical axis direction (the direction of maximum sensitivity of the light-receiving element or the direction perpendicular to the light-receiving surface of the light-receiving element) points in the direction perpendicular to the filter layer 17.
- the light-emitting element 67c-67f has a filter layer whose optical axis direction (the direction in which the light emission intensity is maximum or the direction perpendicular to the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting element).
- the light emitting elements 67 c-67 f can be driven to directly multiplex an optical signal.
- the optical signal can be directly received by the 6 8 f.
- a light receiving element array is used as the light receiving elements 68c-68f, the cost can be reduced as compared with the case where individual elements are used, and in that case, the light receiving element array as in the present invention is used.
- the device can be mounted without tilting, it is possible to prevent the insertion loss of the device having a long optical path length from increasing and the size of the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer from increasing. The same applies to the light emitting elements 67c-67f.
- FIG. 61 is a schematic sectional view showing the structure of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8t according to a modification of the thirteenth embodiment.
- a transbonder similar to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8s in FIG. 60 is manufactured by the following configuration.
- microphone aperture lenses 35 a and 35 c-35 f formed of straight lenses are provided in opposition to the optical fiber 9 a and the light receiving element 68 c-68 f, A micro-aperture lens 7 3c-73 f composed of a straight lens is provided opposite the light emitting element 67 c-67 f, and is opposed to both ends of an inverted U-shaped optical fiber 59 a. Micro lenses 73 a and 35 b are provided. Further, a multiplexing / demultiplexing block 36 is configured by sandwiching a filter layer 17 between a light guide block 16 having a mirror layer 19 formed on the lower surface and a prism block 37. On the upper surface of the prism block 37, a prism 39a-39f is formed so as to face the micro lens 35a-35f.
- Prisms 74a and 74c-74f are formed opposite to 73c-73f.
- FIG. 62 is a cross-sectional view showing an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer (transbonder) 8 u according to the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- microlenses 12a, 12c, 12d, 12e, and 12f are provided on the lower surface of the light guide plate 70, and the light guide plate 70 is opposed to the microlenses 12a.
- An optical fiber 71 is connected to the upper surface, and a light emitting element 67c having an emission wavelength of ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4 is placed on the light guide plate 70 so as to face the microlens 12c-12d.
- 67d, 67e, 67f for example, a light-emitting element array with integrated light-emitting elements
- a multiplexing / decoupling element configured for multiplexing under a microlens 12c-12f Wave blocks 36
- a filter 64 is embedded in the light guide plate 70 at an angle of 45 degrees between the end face of the optical fiber 71 and the microphone opening lens 12a.
- the light guide plate 70 is longer than the width of the multiplexing / demultiplexing block 36, and the wavelength guide 5 is provided on the upper surface of the light guide plate 70 in the region of the light guide plate 70 projecting from the multiplexing / demultiplexing block 36.
- Diffraction element 72 a that transmits only light
- diffractive element 72 b that transmits only light of wavelength 6
- diffractive element 72 c that transmits only light of wavelength ⁇ 7, and transmits only light of wavelength ⁇ 8
- a diffraction element 72d is formed, and a light receiving element 68c-68f (for example, a light receiving element array in which the light receiving element is integrated) is mounted on each of the diffraction elements 72a-72d.
- the light emitting element 67c-67f is arranged so that the optical axis direction is directed to the direction perpendicular to the filter 17a-17d or the light guide plate 70, and the light-receiving element 68c-6 8f is also arranged so that its optical axis direction is perpendicular to the filters 17a_17d.
- the light of wavelengths 1, 1, 2, 3, and 4 emitted from each light emitting element 6 7 c—67 f is multiplexed by the multiplexing / demultiplexing block 3 6 to form a multiplexing / demultiplexing block 3.
- the light is emitted from 6, is bent in the optical axis direction by the micro lens 12a, passes through the filter 64, is coupled to the optical fiber 71, and is transmitted from the optical fiber 71.
- the multiplex transmission signal of wavelengths L 5, E 6, and ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 8 received from the optical fiber 71 is reflected by the filter 64 toward the projecting side of the light guide plate 70, and the upper and lower surfaces of the light guide plate 70 are The light propagates through the light guide plate 70 while repeating total reflection.
- the diffraction element 72a When light propagating in the light guide plate 70 enters the diffraction element 72a, only light having a wavelength ⁇ 5 is transmitted through the diffraction element 72a and received by the light receiving element 68c. When light propagating in the light guide plate 70 is incident on the diffraction element 72b, 72c or 72d, only the light of wavelength 6, ⁇ 7 or wavelength 8 respectively becomes the diffraction element 72b. , 72 c or 72 d, and are received by the light receiving elements 68 d, 68 e, and 68 f, respectively.
- a CGH element or the like can be used in addition to the diffraction grating.
- FIG. 63 is a schematic sectional view showing the structure of an optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 V according to a modification of the 14th embodiment.
- a transbonder similar to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 8 u in FIG. 62 is manufactured by the following configuration.
- microlenses 35a and 35c-35f which are linear lenses, are provided so as to face the optical fiber 71 and the light emitting element 67c-67f.
- a filter layer 17 is sandwiched between a light guide block 16 having a mirror layer 19 formed on the lower surface and a prism block 37 to constitute a multiplexing / demultiplexing block 36.
- prisms 39a, 39c-39f are formed so as to face the micro lenses 35a, 35c-35f.
- optical multiplexer / demultiplexer of the present invention can be used for multiplexing or demultiplexing optical signals in an optical communication system, an optical signal transmission system, or the like.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
- Optical Filters (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03770004A EP1564572A4 (en) | 2002-11-01 | 2003-10-30 | OPTICAL MULTIPLEXER / DEMULTIPLEXER AND MANUFACTURING METHOD FOR AN OPTICAL MULTIPLEXER / DEMULTIPLEXER |
CA002512101A CA2512101A1 (en) | 2002-11-01 | 2003-10-30 | Optical multiplexer/demultiplexer and manufacturing method for optical multiplexer/demultiplexer |
US10/533,483 US20060198576A1 (en) | 2002-11-01 | 2003-10-30 | Optical multiplexer/demultiplexer and production method for optical multiplexer/demultiplexer |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2002-319771 | 2002-11-01 | ||
JP2002319771 | 2002-11-01 | ||
JP2003176000A JP2004206057A (ja) | 2002-11-01 | 2003-06-20 | 光合分波器及び光合分波器の製造方法 |
JP2003-176000 | 2003-06-20 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2004040344A1 true WO2004040344A1 (ja) | 2004-05-13 |
WO2004040344B1 WO2004040344B1 (ja) | 2004-08-12 |
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PCT/JP2003/013899 WO2004040344A1 (ja) | 2002-11-01 | 2003-10-30 | 光合分波器及び光合分波器の製造方法 |
Country Status (6)
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US (1) | US20060198576A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1564572A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2004206057A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100790675B1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2512101A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004040344A1 (ja) |
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- 2003-10-30 EP EP03770004A patent/EP1564572A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-10-30 CA CA002512101A patent/CA2512101A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-10-30 KR KR1020057007194A patent/KR100790675B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-10-30 US US10/533,483 patent/US20060198576A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-10-30 WO PCT/JP2003/013899 patent/WO2004040344A1/ja active Application Filing
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20050051718A (ko) | 2005-06-01 |
JP2004206057A (ja) | 2004-07-22 |
CA2512101A1 (en) | 2004-05-13 |
WO2004040344B1 (ja) | 2004-08-12 |
KR100790675B1 (ko) | 2008-01-02 |
EP1564572A1 (en) | 2005-08-17 |
US20060198576A1 (en) | 2006-09-07 |
EP1564572A4 (en) | 2007-02-07 |
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