WO2004033753A1 - 金属酸化膜の形成方法及び該方法に用いるマイクロ波電源装置 - Google Patents
金属酸化膜の形成方法及び該方法に用いるマイクロ波電源装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004033753A1 WO2004033753A1 PCT/JP2003/012946 JP0312946W WO2004033753A1 WO 2004033753 A1 WO2004033753 A1 WO 2004033753A1 JP 0312946 W JP0312946 W JP 0312946W WO 2004033753 A1 WO2004033753 A1 WO 2004033753A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/50—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges
- C23C16/515—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges using pulsed discharges
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C16/0272—Deposition of sub-layers, e.g. to promote the adhesion of the main coating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/04—Coating on selected surface areas, e.g. using masks
- C23C16/045—Coating cavities or hollow spaces, e.g. interior of tubes; Infiltration of porous substrates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/40—Oxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/50—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges
- C23C16/511—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges using microwave discharges
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
- H01J37/32192—Microwave generated discharge
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
- H01J37/32192—Microwave generated discharge
- H01J37/32201—Generating means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/32009—Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
- H01J37/32192—Microwave generated discharge
- H01J37/32311—Circuits specially adapted for controlling the microwave discharge
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for forming a metal oxide film on a surface of a substrate such as a plastic substrate, and a microwave power supply device used in the method.
- a substrate such as a plastic substrate
- a microwave power supply device used in the method.
- a metal oxide film has been formed on the surface of a substrate in order to improve the characteristics of various substrates.
- a conventionally known metal oxide film typified by a gay oxide film has a problem in that it has poor flexibility and flexibility and poor adhesion to a substrate.
- the substrate is plastic
- this tendency is strong, when the adhesion is poor, the water resistance is poor, and especially when the substrate comes into contact with water, the film is easily broken, and, for example, a desired gas barrier property is obtained.
- productivity is poor.
- a metal oxide film is formed on the surface of a plastic substrate by microwave plasma CVD, there is a problem that local overheating occurs and the plastic substrate is deformed. Disclosure of the invention
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method for forming a metal oxide film having excellent adhesion, flexibility and flexibility on a predetermined substrate, especially a plastic substrate.
- Another object of the present invention is to form a metal oxide film on a plastic substrate surface by microwave plasma CVD, in which local overheating is effectively suppressed and deformation of the plastic substrate is prevented.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for forming a semiconductor.
- Still another object of the present invention is to provide a micro-wave power supply device which is effectively used for forming the above-mentioned metal oxide film.
- a method for forming a metal oxide film having a gas barrier property on a predetermined substrate surface by reacting an organic metal with an oxidizing gas by a plasma CVD method there is provided a method for forming a metal oxide film characterized in that a reaction between an organic metal and an oxidizing gas is performed by performing a glow discharge in a high-power region after performing a reaction mainly composed of a metal.
- the output of the glow discharge is reduced at an initial stage. It is an important feature that the reaction is performed at low power and the reaction is mainly composed of organic metal. That is, when the film is formed by changing the glow discharge output in this manner, an organic layer having a large amount of carbon is generated between the metal oxide film and the surface of the substrate by a reaction mainly composed of an organic metal. That is, since such an organic layer is highly flexible and has good adhesion to the surface of the substrate, for example, an organic metal compound is used as an organic metal to form a gay oxide film on the surface of the plastic substrate.
- a layer rich in inorganic properties with a good gas barrier property (low in C content) is formed via the above-mentioned organic film, so that film breakage and the like can be effectively prevented, and a plastic substrate can be formed. Improved gas barrier uniformity It is possible to do.
- the above-described glow discharge can be generated by a microwave electric field.
- a microwave be intermittently oscillated, that is, the microwave be introduced into the plasma processing chamber as a pulse wave.
- the microphone mouth wave is continuously oscillated, a high-temperature portion is easily generated locally in the plasma processing chamber, and the substrate is easily overheated and deformed easily. Generation is suppressed, and deformation of the base can be effectively prevented.
- the output waveform of the intermittently oscillated microwave for each processing region by adjusting the maximum output (peak output) and the oscillation time.
- the oscillation time is shortened and the maximum output is increased while maintaining the microphone mouth wave energy (average output) at a low output.
- the ignition of plasma can be accelerated without impairing the formation of the organic layer.
- the microwave energy (average output) is maintained at a high output, while the microwave oscillation time is increased and the maximum output is reduced. By doing so, it is possible to effectively prevent deformation of the substrate due to overheating.
- a microwave power supply device for driving a microwave generation unit by applying a voltage
- a voltage value adjustment circuit that determines a peak output of the applied voltage
- An ON time adjusting circuit for determining an ON time of the applied voltage
- An applied voltage control circuit that forms the waveform of the applied voltage based on the peak output from the voltage value adjustment circuit and Z or the ON time from the ON time adjustment circuit;
- the microwave power supply device described above not only the ON time adjustment circuit for adjusting the ON time of the applied voltage to the microwave generation unit, but also the voltage for adjusting the peak output (maximum voltage value) of the applied voltage. Since a value adjustment circuit is provided, both the ON time and the peak output can be adjusted individually.
- the applied voltage control circuit The waveform of the applied voltage is formed based on both the peak output (voltage setting value) adjusted by the adjustment circuit and the ON time adjusted by the ON time adjustment circuit.
- a microphone mouth-wave power supply device for driving a microwave generation unit by applying a voltage
- a voltage value adjustment circuit that determines a peak output of the applied voltage
- An ON time adjusting circuit that determines an ON time of the applied voltage based on the peak output of the applied voltage determined by the voltage value adjusting circuit;
- An applied voltage control circuit that forms the waveform of the applied voltage based on the ON time from the ON time adjustment circuit
- FIGS. 1 to 4 are diagrams showing an example of a change pattern of the glow discharge output from a low output to a high output.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a change in output of microwave energy.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the waveform of a pulse wave.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a schematic arrangement of a microwave plasma processing apparatus used in the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an arrangement of a plasma processing chamber of the apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the first embodiment of the microwave power supply device of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is an electric circuit diagram showing a specific circuit configuration of the microwave power supply device of FIG. 9, and FIG. 11 is an electric circuit diagram showing an internal configuration of the trigger circuit.
- FIG. 12 is a vector diagram showing a relationship between voltages of respective parts in the Toulon circuit.
- FIG. 13 is a curve graph showing a waveform of an AC power supply of the microwave power supply device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a curve graph showing a waveform of the AC power supply stepped down by the voltage value adjusting circuit of the microwave power supply device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a curve graph showing a waveform in which the phase of the AC power supply is controlled by the SCR phase control unit of the microwave power supply device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 16 is a curve graph showing a waveform obtained by performing full-wave rectification on the phase-controlled AC power supply shown in FIG.
- Figure 1 7 is the case where advances the phase of the voltage V N generated by the pulse transformer Toulon circuit, vector diagram base showing the relationship between the respective portions of the voltage at Toulon circuit and (a), the relationship shown in (a) 7 is a graph showing the timing of trigger generation at the time of FIG.
- FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the second embodiment of the microwave power supply device of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a waveform diagram showing a waveform of a high-frequency voltage intermittently controlled by the inverter circuit section shown in FIG.
- FIG. 21 is an electric circuit diagram showing a specific circuit configuration of the microwave power supply device of FIG.
- FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing a specific configuration of the setting variable control circuit and the gate drive circuit shown in FIG.
- FIG. 23 is a waveform diagram showing waveforms output from respective components in the gate drive circuit shown in FIG.
- FIG. 24 is a waveform diagram showing the waveform of the applied voltage when the ON time is set short with a variable pulse width input.
- FIG. 25 is a waveform diagram showing the waveform of the applied voltage when the ON time is set long with the variable pulse width input.
- a substrate on which a metal oxide film is to be formed a substrate made of glass, various metals, or the like can be used, but a plastic substrate is most preferably used.
- plastics include thermoplastic resins known per se, for example, low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, poly (1-butene), poly-4-methyl-1-pentene or ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 4-methyl-1 Polyolefins such as random or block copolymers of one olefin such as pentene; ethylene-vinyl compounds such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer and ethylene-vinyl chloride copolymer Styrene resins such as copolymers, polystyrene, acrylonitrile'styrene copolymer, ABS, or-methylstyrene'styrene copolymer, nylon 6, nylon
- thermoplastic polyesters such as polybutylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate, polyphenylene oxide and the like, biodegradable resins such as polylactic acid, and any resin of a mixture thereof. it can.
- a thermoplastic resin used as a packaging material is most preferable because a metal oxide film having particularly excellent adhesion and gas barrier properties can be formed. Is optimal.
- These substrates can be used in the form of a film or sheet, or in the form of containers such as pots, cups, tubes, and other molded articles.
- a biaxially stretched blow-molded bottle formed from polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate may be mentioned. Needless to say, the present invention can be similarly applied to the above-mentioned polyester biaxially stretched film.
- the plastic substrate may be a gas-barrier multilayer structure having the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin (preferably a olefin resin) as an inner and outer layer and an oxygen-absorbing layer between the inner and outer layers.
- thermoplastic resin preferably a olefin resin
- oxygen-absorbing layer between the inner and outer layers.
- an organic metal compound is preferably used as an organic metal, but is not limited to an organic metal compound as long as it reacts with an oxidizing gas to form a metal oxide.
- an organic metal compound such as a trialkylaluminum, and an organic titanium compound can be used.
- silane (SiH 4 ) or silicon tetrachloride can be used together with the above-mentioned organic silicon compound.
- Oxygen or NO x is used as the oxidizing gas, and argon-helium or the like is used as the carrier gas.
- a metal oxide film is formed on the surface of the base by a plasma CVD method in an atmosphere containing the above-mentioned organic metal, oxidizing gas and carrier gas.
- Plasma CVD refers to the growth of thin films using gaseous plasma. Basically, a substance is generated by discharging a gas containing a source gas under reduced pressure with electrical energy from a high electric field, decomposing it, and generating it. Is deposited on the substrate through a chemical reaction in the gas phase or on the substrate.
- the plasma state is realized by glow discharge, and this glow discharge method includes a method using a DC glow discharge, a method using a high frequency glow discharge, a method using a microwave discharge, and the like.
- this glow discharge method includes a method using a DC glow discharge, a method using a high frequency glow discharge, a method using a microwave discharge, and the like.
- the electron temperature is different from the gas ion temperature, and the electron temperature is a high temperature that has the energy required to perform a chemical reaction, but the ion temperature is in a thermal non-equilibrium state, which is a low temperature.
- a relatively uniform amorphous film can be formed even when the substrate temperature is low.
- a glow discharge for plasma generation is generated at a low output and then at a high output. That is, by performing a reaction mainly composed of an organic metal by a low-output glow discharge, an organic layer having high flexibility is formed on the surface of the substrate, and the high-output glow discharge causes the organic metal to react with the organic metal.
- the reaction with the oxidizing gas forms a metal oxide film on the organic film. For example, taking an organic gay oxide as an example, it is believed that a gay oxide film is formed through the following reaction path.
- the organic silicon compound reacts at a stroke until the stage (C), and as a result, it has poor flexibility.
- the adhesion to the substrate was also low.
- the glow discharge is performed at a low output prior to the glow discharge at a high output, a reaction between the S i CH 2 ⁇ radicals generated in the step (a) occurs, and the organic gay element is generated.
- a compound polymer is generated in the vicinity of the interface of the substrate, and as a result, an organic layer rich in a carbon component derived from such a polymer is generated on the surface of the substrate.
- the reaction (c) is mainly performed, so that a film having a high density of oxidized gay oxide is obtained, and excellent gas barrier properties are exhibited.
- the glow discharge at a low output is generally performed in a range of 20 to 90 W. If this output is lower than the above range, the above-mentioned reaction does not proceed effectively, and it is difficult to form an organic film. Further, if glow discharge is performed at a higher output than the above-mentioned region, the reaction (c) described above proceeds at a stretch, and it becomes difficult to produce a flexible organic film. .
- Glow discharge at high output is generally performed at 1 O OW or more.
- the above-described glow discharge is performed in a high-frequency electric field or a microwave electric field.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show examples in which the output change from low output to high output is performed continuously.
- an organic layer is formed on the surface of the substrate, and a metal oxide film is formed thereon, but the composition continuously changes.
- FIG. 3 shows an example in which the output is changed stepwise. In this case, the change from the organic layer to the metal oxide film is critical.
- Fig. 4 shows an example in which the output changes from low output to high output, and then the output change between high output and low output is repeated. In this case, an organic layer and a metal oxide film are alternately formed.
- the organic layer formed on the surface of the substrate is, for example, 0 element, C element and a metal element (for example, Si) in order to secure good adhesion to the substrate.
- the concentration is preferably 150/0 or more, and the thickness is preferably 1 O nm or less. That is, if the C element concentration is lower than the above, the adhesion to the substrate tends to decrease.
- the thickness is larger than the above, the thickness of the metal oxide film formed on the organic layer must be increased more than necessary in order to secure gas barrier uniformity. The flexibility of the membrane is impaired, and the membrane tends to break. Therefore, in the present invention, it is most preferable to form the metal oxide film with the output pattern shown in FIG.
- the formation of the organic layer on the surface of the substrate can be confirmed by, for example, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
- the above-mentioned elemental C concentration is determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It can be calculated by measuring.
- the total thickness of the metal oxide film including the thickness of the organic layer is preferably 100 nm or less, particularly preferably 50 nm or less. As described above, if the thickness of the metal oxide film is excessively large, the flexibility is impaired, and the film is easily broken.
- FIG. 5 shows a typical example of a microphone mouth wave output pattern employed in the present invention.
- microwave introduction is started (tl)
- plasma emission occurs after an induction period, and plasma is generated by microwave output E1 for a fixed holding time (t2 to t3).
- the film formation organic layer formation) by CVD is performed (low-power region t "! To t3).
- the microwave output E1 is equivalent to the above-mentioned glow discharge output in the low-power region.
- film formation (metal oxide film formation) by plasma CVD is performed in the high-power region (t4 to t5).
- output E2 corresponds to the glow discharge output in the low output region described above.
- the treatment in the low-power region can be performed again. In this case, an organic layer is formed on the film surface, so that the water resistance is improved.
- the microwave be intermittently introduced into the plasma processing chamber as a loose wave.
- Various waveforms such as a square wave, a triangular wave, and a semicircular wave can be used as the shape of the pulse wave.
- the plasma processing chamber When microwaves were continuously output and introduced into the plasma processing chamber, the plasma processing chamber was easily overheated locally, causing thermal deformation of the substrate. However, if microwaves are intermittently introduced as pulse waves, the electric field intensity distribution in the plasma processing chamber becomes uniform, and local overheating in the plasma processing chamber can be effectively prevented.
- the energy (area) of the pulse wave is made the same (that is, the plasma processing is performed) by changing and adjusting the oscillation time (ON time) and the maximum output (peak output) of the pulse wave. while maintaining the microwave output E 1 is the same) to be introduced into the chamber, the microwave pulse wave waveform suitable for each processing region may be introduced into the plasma treatment chamber.
- the energy (area of pulse wave; average output (W)) of the three types of pulse waves (a) to (c) shown in Fig. 6 is the same, but the oscillation time of each pulse wave is
- a pulse wave (c) having a short oscillation time (ON time) and a high maximum output is preferable in terms of plasma ignitability.
- the oscillation time is 1.5 milliseconds or less, particularly 0.1 milliseconds to 1 millisecond, and the maximum output is the property of the processing gas used for the oscillation time.
- the holding period (t 2 to t 3) in the low output region is a time for forming the organic layer having the above-described thickness, and is generally 0. It is about 1 to 6 seconds.
- the transition period (t3 to t4) after the low power region does not need to be particularly present, but by providing such a transition period, the carbon content from the organic layer is gradually reduced, and the transition to the metal oxide film is performed. By shifting, the adhesion of the metal oxide film can be further enhanced.
- the oscillation time (ON time) and the maximum output are gradually increased.
- this transition period is preferably 0.5 to 6 seconds.
- a pulse wave with a longer oscillation time and a lower maximum output is preferable in terms of suppressing heat generation.
- the maximum output (peak output) is appropriately adjusted in consideration of the properties of the processing gas to be used, the heat resistance of the substrate, and the like, and is preferably, for example, 300 W to 180 W.
- the stop time of the microwave in one cycle is 2 ms to 30 ms over the entire region. In this way, the microwave of the next cycle is introduced after the afterglow (afterglow) of the plasma emission becomes sufficiently small, so that overheating in the plasma processing chamber can be effectively prevented. is there.
- the microwave to be introduced is not particularly limited as long as it can generate a glow discharge by acting on the processing gas, but it is preferable to use a frequency that is industrially permitted in each country. . By the way, in Japan, 2.45 GHz, 5.5.8 GHz and 22.125 GHz are permitted.
- an apparatus used for forming a metal oxide film includes a plasma processing chamber including a substrate to be processed, an exhaust system for maintaining the plasma processing chamber in a reduced pressure state, and a processing gas in the plasma processing chamber. It includes a processing gas introduction system for introducing a gas, and an electromagnetic wave introduction system for generating plasma in the plasma processing chamber.
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic arrangement of an example of such an apparatus, taking a microwave plasma processing apparatus as an example.
- the plasma processing chamber 1 0 1, the process chamber 1 0 vacuum pump 1 for holding the reduced pressure was evacuated in 1 0 2 is connected via an exhaust pipe 1 0 3. Furthermore, the microwave oscillator 1 0 4 is connected via a waveguide 1 0 5 a microwave introducing means.
- a main tuner 106 may be provided.
- the tuner 106 can only forcibly reduce the amount of reflection, and cannot make the inside of the plasma processing chamber 101 an excellent resonance system.
- the inside of the plasma processing chamber 101 can be made an excellent resonance system, and the adjusting means such as the tuner 106 can be used. Efficient processing becomes possible even without it.
- the waveguide 105 efficiently transmits the microwave oscillated from the microwave oscillator 104 to the processing chamber 101, and uses a waveguide suitable for the wavelength of the microwave to be used.
- a coaxial cable can be used instead of the waveguide.
- the microwave oscillator 104 one having a function of intermittently oscillating a microwave as a pulse wave and having a function of changing the waveform of the pulse wave into an arbitrary shape is used.
- a microwave oscillator using a power supply device described later may be used.
- FIG. 8 shows an example of a schematic cross section of a plasma processing chamber used for forming a plasma processing film on the inner surface of a bottle.
- the plasma processing chamber 101 includes a hollow champer 111 mounted on a base 110, a detachable canopy 112 positioned above the chamber 111, and a processing target object. It is constituted by bottle fixing means 1 14 for fixing the turtle 113.
- a waveguide 105 for transmitting microwaves oscillated from the microwave oscillator 104 to the plasma processing chamber 101 is connected to a side surface of the chamber 111.
- the plasma processing chamber 101 forms a so-called microwave semi-coaxial cylindrical resonance system. That is, the plasma processing chamber 101 is formed by the cylindrical chamber 111, and the conductive processing gas supply member 115 on this shaft does not reach the end to the canopy 112. It is provided in a state.
- the bottle 1 1 3 is gripped by the bottle fixing means 1 1 4 with the re-roll section 13 1 and is fixed on the axis of the champ 1 1 1 1.
- the processing gas supply member 1 1 Five In this state, the inside and outside of the bottle 113 is evacuated by the vacuum pump 102, and the processing gas is supplied from the processing gas supply member 115 inserted in the center of the bottle 113. Then, a microwave is supplied from the side of the processing chamber 101.
- a gap 1 16 is provided between the chamber 1 11 and the bottle fixing means 1 1 4 and this gap 1 16 is exhausted through the base 1 10 It leads to tube 103 (omitted in FIG. 8).
- an exhaust port 142 provided in the port fixing means 114 also communicates with the exhaust pipe 103.
- a microwave sealing member 144 is provided so as to cover the exhaust port 142 and prevent the microwave from leaking out of the processing chamber 101.
- the microwave sealing member 144 is made of a material that can transmit gas and block microwaves so as not to hinder the decompression process inside the bottle 113, for example, SUS, AI, Ti, etc. Wire mesh or the like can be used.
- the bottle fixing means 114 is connected to a vertically movable rod (not shown). To attach and detach the bottle 113 to the bottle fixing means 114, open the canopy 112 and lift this rod. Then, the bottle 113 (the fixing means 114) can be moved to the outside of the chamber 111.
- the processing gas supply member 1 15 is inserted coaxially with the champ 1 1 1, penetrates the bottle fixing means 1 1 4, and is inserted so as to be located inside the bottle 1 13. Is connected to a processing gas supply device (not shown) via a processing gas supply pipe 152 so that the gas can be supplied.
- Metals such as SUS, AI, and Ti can be used as a material for forming the processing gas supply member 115.
- a chemical vapor deposition film is formed on the inner surface of the bottle 113, the use of a porous metal can improve the uniformity of the obtained thin film layer, improve flexibility and flexibility, and improve productivity. Therefore, it is preferable.
- the processing gas supply member 1 15 has one or more holes for gas release, and the position, size, and number of the holes can be set arbitrarily. It should be noted that a film of the same type as the film formed on the inner surface of the plasma reactor 113 can be formed on the surface of the processing gas supply member 115 in advance. PT / JP2003 / 012946
- Film formation on the bottle 1 1 3 of the inner surface of using the processing device having the above-described plasma treatment chamber 1 0 1 is, for example, is performed as follows.
- the mouth 13 1 of the bottle 1 13 is gripped by the bottle fixing means 1 14.
- the canopy 1 1 1 2 has been removed from the chamber 1 1 1 1, and the bottle fixing means 1 1 4 has been lifted up inside the chamber 1 1 1 positioned.
- the rod is lowered to place the bottle fixing means 114 at a predetermined position. Thereafter, the canopy 112 is closed, and the inside of the chamber 111 is sealed to obtain the state shown in FIG.
- the vacuum pump 102 is driven to reduce the pressure inside the bottle 113.
- the plasma processing chamber 101 outside the bottle is preferably reduced in pressure by the vacuum pump 102.
- the degree of pressure reduction in the bottle 113 may be such that a glow discharge is generated when a processing gas is introduced and a microwave is introduced, and generally 1 to 500 Pa In particular, it is preferable to reduce the pressure in the range of 5 to 200 Pa from the viewpoint of increasing the efficiency of the plasma treatment.
- the pressure inside the plasma processing chamber 101 outside the bottle 113 is reduced to such a degree that a glow discharge does not occur even when microwaves are introduced, for example, 100000 to 100000. Let it be 0 Pa.
- the processing gas is supplied from the processing gas supply member 115 into the bottle 113.
- the amount of the organic gay compound to be introduced differs depending on the surface area of the substrate to be treated and the type of the raw material gas.
- comparison of 0.5 to 50 ccmin, especially 1 to “! 0 cc Zmin (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as“ secm ”) of the gay raw material per container under standard conditions It is desirable to supply at a very small flow rate.
- the introduction amount of the oxidizing gas varies depending on the composition of the silicon raw material gas, etc., but is generally supplied at a relatively high flow rate of 5 to 500 sccm, particularly 10 to 300 sccm. Preferably.
- one of the processing gases can be supplied in excess.
- one of the processing gases can be supplied in excess.
- the microphone mouth wave is preferably a pulse wave whose output and waveform have been adjusted for each processing region, and such a microwave brings the processing gas into a high energy state and a plasma state. I do.
- the processing gas that has been turned into plasma acts on the inner surface of the bottle 113 to form a coating film by being deposited.
- the processing time is, for example, 1 second or more per bottle from the viewpoint of the stability of the plasma processing.However, as long as a film having the above-mentioned thickness is formed, the processing time is short. It is preferably time.
- the supply of the processing gas and the introduction of the microwave are stopped, and air is gradually introduced through the exhaust pipe 103 to return the inside and outside of the bottle 113 to normal pressure. Thereafter, the canopy 112 is removed, the bottle fixing means 114 is raised, and the plasma-treated bottle is taken out of the plasma processing chamber 101.
- the distance (D) from the top surface 144 of the bottle fixing means 14! To the microwave sealing member 144 is 0
- the distance (H) between the microwave sealing member 144 and the connection position of the microwave introducing means 105 is determined according to the section of the electric field intensity distribution formed on the processing gas supply member 115. It shows the interval between the portions, that is, the portions having a low electric field density. Therefore, processing chamber 1 0 1 In order to minimize the reflected wave that travels back through the waveguide 5 without being consumed inside, and to efficiently use the introduced microwave for plasma conversion of the processing gas, according to the wavelength of the introduced microwave, It is preferable to set this distance (H). For example, if the frequency
- the wavelength of the microwave is about 12 Omm
- the distance (H) is appropriate for 48 mm, 108 mm, 168 mm, etc. , Experiments and computer program analysis.
- the distance (L) between the microwave sealing member 143 and the processing gas supply member tip 151 is set to the above-described distance in order to increase the electric field intensity by the microwave as a whole and to stabilize the electric field intensity distribution. It is better to set an appropriate length according to (D). For example, if the distance (D) is 3 Omm, the value of the distance (L) at which stable plasma emission can be obtained is 60 ⁇ 10 mm , 120 ⁇ 1 Omm, 180 ⁇ 10 mm, etc.
- the bottom of the bottle 132 should be formed according to the shape and size of the bottle 113 to be treated. It is preferable to select the above distances (H), (L), and the like so that the distal end portion 151 of the processing gas supply member is located at a close position.
- the distance (L) is preferably between 170 and 19 Omm for a typical bottle with a capacity of 500 mm, and between 110 and 13 Omm for a bottle with a capacity of 350 mm. Is preferred.
- the distance (S) from the bottle bottom 132 to the canopy lower surface 121 is preferably 5 mm to 15 Omm, particularly preferably 30 mm to 100 mm. Within this range, the consistency between the chamber 111 and the microwave can be improved, and the electric field intensity distribution in the processing chamber 101 can be further stabilized.
- the inner diameter (0) of the processing chamber 101 is preferably 4 Omm to 15 Omm, particularly preferably 65 mm to 12 Omm. By setting the inner diameter of the processing chamber 101 within this range, the effect of concentrating the electric field on the center of the processing chamber 101 is exerted, which is more effective.
- microwave power supply device in order to transform the waveform of the pulse wave into an arbitrary shape, it is preferable to use the following power supply device as the microwave oscillator 104 described above.
- This microwave power supply device has two modes, and each mode will be described.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the circuit configuration.
- the microwave power supply 1 includes an AC power supply 11, a voltage adjustment circuit 12, a voltage setting section 12-1, an applied voltage control circuit 13,
- It has a transformer circuit 14, a rectifier circuit 15, a drive circuit 16, a microwave generator 17, a feedback circuit 18, and an ON time adjustment circuit 19.
- the AC power supply 11 is, for example, a commercial power supply of 200 [V] (or 100 [V]). Note that storage batteries having the same voltage can be used. In this case, no smoothing circuit is required.
- the voltage value adjustment circuit 12 is a voltage variable circuit that adjusts the power supply voltage supplied from the AC power supply 11 to an arbitrary voltage value by a user operation and supplies the voltage value to the applied voltage control circuit 13.
- a transformer such as a voltage transformer or a slider can be used.
- the voltage can be adjusted to any value by an external signal. For example, switching is made so that the voltage is set high at low output and low at high output.
- the voltage value setting unit 12-1 sets the maximum voltage value (peak voltage) of the voltage adjusted by the voltage value adjustment circuit 12.
- the applied voltage control circuit 13 determines the maximum voltage value (peak voltage) of the applied voltage determined by the voltage value adjustment circuit 12 and the ON time (voltage application time) determined by the ON time adjustment circuit 19. Based on this, the waveform of the voltage applied to the microwave generator 17 is formed.
- the transformer circuit 14 has a step-up transformer, and boosts the voltage sent from the applied voltage control circuit 13.
- the rectifier circuit 15 performs full-wave rectification on the high voltage boosted by the transformer circuit 14.
- the drive circuit 16 applies the high-voltage rectified voltage from the rectifier circuit 15 to the microwave generator 17 to drive the microwave generator 17.
- the voltage applied to the microwave generator 17 is referred to as an applied voltage.
- the microwave generator 17 is based on the waveform of the applied voltage (maximum voltage value and ON time). As described above, the microwave is oscillated as a pulse wave whose waveform has been adjusted.
- the feedback circuit 18 sends the voltage received from the rectifier circuit 15 to the ON time adjustment circuit 19. That is, the feed pack circuit 18 sends a voltage corresponding to the voltage applied to the microwave generation unit 17 to the ON time adjustment circuit 19.
- the ON-time adjusting circuit 19 sends a predetermined signal to the applied voltage control circuit 13 based on the voltage from the feedback circuit 18 to determine the ON time of the applied voltage applied to the microwave generator 17. (Eg, trigger at a predetermined timing) (or control the operation of the applied voltage control circuit 13).
- the voltage applied to the microwave generator is adjusted based on the voltage value set by the voltage adjustment circuit and the ON time determined by the ON time adjustment circuit. Can control.
- the output intensity of the microwave emitted from the microwave generation unit can be changed, and the microwave can be oscillated as a pulse wave having a suitable waveform in each processing region, and the barrier property and the adhesion can be improved. In both cases, an excellent thin film can be formed.
- the arrangement order of the components from the AC power supply 11 to the microwave generation unit 17 is such that the microwave generation unit 17 can generate microwaves.
- Figure 10 shows a circuit that applies a voltage to the microwave generator (magnetron) using an iron transformer method to generate microwaves, and includes a voltage adjustment circuit, a feed pack circuit,
- FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of a microwave power supply device provided with an ON time adjustment circuit, an applied voltage control circuit, and the like.
- the microwave power supply 1 includes an AC power supply 11, a voltage value adjustment circuit 12, a voltage value setting unit 12-1, a 5 ⁇ 1 ⁇ ⁇ phase control unit 13-1, and , High-voltage transformer 14-1-1, high-voltage rectifier 15--1, heater transformer 16- "!, magnetron 17- ⁇ , feedback section 18--1, and trigger forming circuit 191-1 And has.
- the voltage value adjusting circuit 12 is a device (or a device, a circuit, a device, or the like) capable of converting the power supply voltage sent from the AC power supply 11 into an arbitrary voltage value.
- a transformer an automatic variable sladdac (for example, a sladdac capable of changing the input voltage 200 V from 0 V to 22 OV by inputting 0 V to 5 V) (Slidac type, transformer type).
- the voltage value setting unit 12-1 has a function of adjusting the maximum voltage value (peak voltage) of the applied voltage and a function of forming the applied voltage so as to have the adjusted maximum voltage value. are doing.
- the voltage value setting unit 12-1 sets the maximum voltage value (peak voltage) of the power supply voltage adjusted by the voltage value adjustment circuit 12.
- the SCR phase control unit (phase control unit) 13-1 is composed of a circuit combining two thyristors (or a circuit including a triac), and the sine wave supplied from the voltage adjustment circuit 12 Performs AC voltage phase control. This phase control will be described in detail later.
- the high-voltage transformer 14-1 is an AC power source whose phase is controlled by the phase control unit 13-1. Increase pressure.
- the high-voltage rectifier 15-1 performs full-wave rectification on the voltage boosted by the high-voltage transformer 14-1 "I and applies the voltage to the anode of the magnetron 17-1.
- the output voltage is applied to the magnetron 17-1 to drive the magnetron 17-1, so that the high-voltage rectifier 15-1 has a function as a drive circuit 17.
- Heater transformer 1 6 1 supplies electric power to the magnetron 1 Fu primary heater (not shown), to Sobanetsu force Sword (cathode filament of the magnetron 1 7-1). As a result, the magnetron 17-1 can easily emit electrons.
- the magnetron 17-1 emits microwaves based on the peak voltage and ON time of the applied voltage from the high-voltage rectifier 15-1.
- the applied voltage When the applied voltage is less than a predetermined voltage value (cut-off voltage), high resistance does not generate a microwave, but when the applied voltage is higher than the cut-off voltage, the resistance becomes low, and electrons emitted from the force source are discharged. After reaching the anode, it forms a closed loop with other circuits (for example, a high-voltage circuit or a secondary winding), and a magnetron current (anode current) flows between the anode force sword. At this time, the power generated in the magnetron 17-1 is converted into microwaves with a certain conversion efficiency and emitted.
- a predetermined voltage value cut-off voltage
- the feedback section 18-1 receives from the high-voltage rectifier 15-1 a voltage equivalent to the voltage applied to the magnetron 17-1.
- the feedback section 18-1 receives the voltage from the high-voltage rectifier 15-1.
- the feedback section 18-1 is not limited to the high-voltage rectifier 15-1.
- a voltage may be received from near the anode.
- the trigger forming circuit 1911 has an output setting unit 1911, an amplifier 19-12, and a two-tone circuit 19-13.
- the output setting unit 19—11 has, for example, a voltage supply source such as a variable voltage source or a variable capacitor. By changing the value of the voltage output from these voltage supply sources, the magnetron 17—11— ON time of the applied voltage of 1 (therefore, magnetron 17-1 Adjust the power provided to PT / JP2003 / 012946).
- Amplifier 1 9 one 1 2, the feedback unit 1 8-1 and shown to a voltage at a constant value sent from the output setter 1 9 1 1
- Toulon circuit amplifies the set voltage value with one 9- Give to 1 3
- the Toulon circuit 191-13 has a diode bridge 19-14, a transformer 1915, a capacitor 19-16 and a pulse transformer 19-17.
- the diode bridge 1 9 "" 1 4 forms a bridge with four diodes (D1, D2, D3, D4). These four diodes are P1
- the diode bridges 19 to 14 and the capacitors 19 to 16 are collectively referred to as a time adjustment unit J.
- Transformers 19—15 transform the power supply voltage and apply this transformed voltage to diode bridges 191–14 and capacitors 191–16.
- a vector V R is generated between P 2 and P 4 of the diode bridge 19 14, and a voltage V c (hereinafter, referred to as “vector V c ”) is applied to the capacitor 19 16.
- V c a voltage V c (hereinafter, referred to as “vector V c ”) is applied to the capacitor 19 16.
- the pulse transformer (trigger generator) 19—17 generates a trigger and sends it to the SCR phase controller 13—1.
- the relationship between the voltages of the components in the Toulon circuit 1913 is as follows.
- the transformer is connected in series with the transformer 19 and the series-connected diode bridge 19! 1 !!
- a secondary voltage V s (hereinafter, referred to as “vector V s ”) of the transformer 19-15 is applied to both ends of the capacitor 4 and the capacitor 19-16.
- the vector V R is connected to the diode bridge 19-14 and the capacitor
- the pulse transformers 191-17 are connected in parallel to the diode bridge 191-4 and the capacitors 191-16, and one end of the pulse transformer 191-17 is Connected right in the middle of the secondary winding of transformer 191-5.
- the voltage V N (hereinafter, referred to as “vector V N J”) generated in the pulse transformer 1917 is located at the point where the vector V s is bisected. Since the vector V R and the vector V c have a phase difference of 90 ° from each other, the start point of the vector V R is located at the start point of the vector V s , and the end point of the vector V c is the vector If it is located at the end point of V s, the point P RC where the end point of vector V R and the start point of vector V c overlap is located somewhere on the circumference of the semicircle whose diameter is vector V s. I do.
- the value of the vector V R changes depending on the voltage from the amplifier 1912, whereby the point P RC moves on the circumference of a semicircle having a diameter of the vector V s .
- Bekubokuru V N with its magnitude is constant and the phase is 0. To around 180 °.
- Bok Riga timing generated from the pulse transformer 1 9 one 1 7 follows the phase of the base vector V N.
- the Toulon circuit 1913 determines the trigger generation timing based on the voltage value set by the output setting device 191-11, and the voltage value from the feedback section 18-1. be able to.
- the gate and the power source of the two thyristors receive triggers from the pulse transformer 1917, respectively. Can be phase-controlled.
- two thyristors are used.
- a triac can be used in place of the lister.
- the power supply voltage of the AC power supply 11 is an AC sine wave voltage indicating a maximum voltage (peak voltage) of 200 [V].
- the power supply voltage indicating 200 [V] is set and adjusted by the voltage value adjustment circuit 12 so that the maximum voltage is set to an arbitrary voltage value. For example, if it is set to 180 [V] in the voltage value setting unit 12-1, the power supply voltage indicating 200 [V] is changed to the voltage value adjustment circuit 1 as shown in FIG. 2 adjusts to 180 [V].
- the voltage adjustment in the voltage value adjustment circuit 12 can be performed differently in each region during film formation. For example, it can be set and adjusted to 205 [V] in the low output range, and set to 16.5 [V] in the high output range.
- the peak voltage of the voltage applied to the magnetron 17-1 can be adjusted.
- the film formation process it is possible to adjust different voltage values (adjustment of the maximum applied voltage value (peak voltage)) between the low-output region and the high-output region.
- the output of the microwaves generated from the power can be varied differently between the low-power region and the high-power region.
- the voltage is not adjusted, and the secondary voltage of the voltage value adjusting circuit 12 indicates the maximum voltage value of 200 [V].
- the AC voltage from the voltage adjustment circuit 12 is phase-controlled by the 3 ⁇ 1 ⁇ phase control unit 13-1, resulting in a waveform as shown in FIG.
- phase-controlled AC voltage is boosted by the high-voltage transformer 14-1 and full-wave rectified by the high-voltage rectifier 15-1
- the phase-controlled full-wave rectified waveform is obtained as shown in Fig. 16. It becomes.
- the voltage (applied voltage) formed in this phase-controlled full-wave rectified waveform is applied to the anode of the magnetron 17-1. Then, the cathode is heated by the heater transformer 16-1, and microwaves are emitted from the magnetron "! 7-1". By the way, a voltage showing the same value as the voltage applied to the magnetron 17-1 is taken in from the high voltage rectifier 15-1 to the trigger forming circuit 19-1 through the feedback section 18-1. It is also assumed that a fixed ON time is set in the output setting unit 19-11.
- the voltage from the output setting device 19—11 is amplified by the amplifier 1911 and applied to the diode bridge 1911 of the Toulon circuit 1911.
- vector V R of the diode bridge 1 9 one 1 4 indicates a value corresponding to the voltage value thereof applied.
- the SCR phase control unit 13-1 operates to control the phase of the power supply voltage from the voltage adjustment circuit 12.
- the boosted and rectified applied voltage is formed into a waveform as shown in FIG. 17 (b), applied to the magnetron 17-1, and the microwave output is started.
- the setting of the output setting unit 191-1 "! 1 was kept constant, but by adjusting this output setting unit 191-111, the ON time at the same maximum voltage was adjusted.
- the power of the applied voltage applied to the magnetron 17-1 can be adjusted.
- the trigger generated by the trigger forming circuit 19-1 in response to the pulse transformer 1 9 one 1-7 vector V N phase (base vector V N is the midpoint of Uchibe vector V s of the perpendicular bisector of the base vector V s on the force point It occurs slightly before the sine wave peak indicated by the power supply voltage (because it is later than half (not shown)) (see Figure 18 (b)).
- the SCR phase control unit 13-1 operates and the power supply voltage from the voltage value setting unit 12-1 is phase-controlled.
- the boosted and rectified applied voltage is formed into a waveform as shown in FIG. 18 (b), applied to the magnetron 17-1, and microwave output is started.
- the power supplied to the magnetron 17-1 is constant. .
- the magnetron 1 7—1 can be set and adjusted by setting and adjusting the maximum voltage value of the power supply voltage with the voltage value setting unit 12— “!
- the applied voltage has a high maximum voltage and a short ON time (waveform as shown in Fig. 1 (b)), and conversely, an applied voltage with a low maximum voltage and a long ON time (Fig. 18 (b)) Waveform).
- the pulse setting voltage with a shorter ON time and a higher peak output can be obtained by lowering the output setting and increasing the power supply voltage in the voltage value setting unit 121.
- the pulse setting voltage with a long ON time and high peak output can be obtained by increasing the output setting and lowering the power supply voltage by the voltage value setting unit 12-1.
- the microphone output from the magnetron 17-1 adjusted in this way, the output of the mouth wave, the metal with good gas barrier properties through the organic layer with good adhesion An oxide film can be formed.
- the microwave power supply shown in Fig. 9 is controlled only by the voltage setting unit, so that the power supplied to the magnetron is kept constant and the applied voltage with a high maximum voltage value and short ON time Also, an applied voltage with a large average output and a long ON time can be applied. Then, by adjusting both the voltage value setting section and the output setting section, the waveform of the voltage applied to the magnetron can be adjusted to a desired shape.
- FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the microwave power supply device of the present embodiment.
- the microwave power supply device 1 shown in FIG. 19 differs from the power supply device of FIG. 9 in the method of converting the applied voltage. That is, in the microwave power supply device of FIG. 9, the conversion method of the applied voltage is the iron transformer method, whereas in the microwave power supply device 1 of FIG. 19, the conversion method is the inverter method. Other components are the same as those in FIGS.
- FIG. 19 the same components as those in FIG. 9 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- this microwave power supply 1 includes an AC power supply 11, a rectifier circuit 15, a smoothing circuit 20, an inverter circuit section 21, a transformer circuit 14, and a voltage doubler. It has a rectifying / smoothing circuit 22, a microwave generation unit 17, a voltage value adjustment circuit 23, an ON time adjustment circuit 24, and an inverter drive circuit unit 25.
- the combination of the inverter circuit 21 and the inverter drive circuit 25 is referred to as an “applied voltage control circuit V C J”.
- the rectifier circuit 15 performs full-wave rectification on the power supply voltage from the AC power supply 11.
- the smoothing circuit 20 includes a capacitor, a resistor, a choke coil, and the like, and removes a ripple component of the voltage rectified by the rectifier circuit 15.
- the inverter circuit section 21 has a switching element 21-1, and converts the voltage from the smoothing circuit 20 into an applied voltage adjustment wave from the impeller drive circuit section 25. Then, an intermittently controlled high-frequency voltage is generated (usually, the inverter frequency is 20 kHz or more).
- FIG. 20 shows a waveform intermittently controlled by the inverter circuit section 21.
- the time during which a high-frequency voltage is generated is referred to as “ON time”, and the time during which no high-frequency voltage is generated is referred to as “OFF time”. Time.
- the high-frequency voltage generated in the ON time is generated intermittently as each pulse.
- the length of the ON time, the length of the OFF time, and the frequency of the high-frequency voltage in the ON time of the intermittently controlled high-frequency voltage generated in the impeller circuit 21 are controlled by the impeller driving circuit 25.
- the transformer circuit 14 is composed of a step-up transformer or the like, and boosts the high-frequency voltage from the inverter circuit section 21.
- a high-voltage winding / cathode heating winding can be provided (the high-voltage winding / cathode heating winding is not shown).
- the voltage doubler rectifying / smoothing circuit 22 has a high-voltage capacitor, a high-voltage diode, and the like.
- the high-voltage capacitor is charged by the reverse high voltage that appears in the secondary high-voltage winding of the transformer circuit 14 during the OFF time of the switching element 21-1 of the inverter circuit section 21.
- the voltage charged in this high-voltage capacitor is added in series to the high voltage appearing in the secondary high-voltage winding of the transformer circuit 14 when the switching element 21-1 is turned on, and the microphone mouth wave generator (for example, , Magnetron, etc.) Applied to 17 anodes.
- the microphone mouth wave generator for example, , Magnetron, etc.
- the voltage value adjusting circuit 23 inputs the voltage setting value (peak voltage value) of the applied voltage from the outside. Further, the voltage value adjustment circuit 23 can also receive the voltage applied to the microwave generation unit 17 from the voltage doubler rectification circuit 22. In other words, the voltage value adjusting circuit 23 determines the peak voltage value (or the peak voltage of the applied voltage from the voltage doubler rectifier circuit 22) externally input as the peak voltage of the applied voltage.
- the ON time adjustment circuit 24 inputs the ON time of the applied voltage from outside. That is, The ON time adjustment circuit 24 determines the externally input ON time as the ON time of the applied voltage.
- the inverter drive circuit 25 generates the waveform of the applied voltage based on the voltage set value of the applied voltage input by the voltage value adjustment circuit 23 and the ON time of the applied voltage input by the ON time adjustment circuit 24.
- a signal (application voltage adjustment signal) for adjusting the voltage is formed, and the driving of the switching element 211 of the inverter circuit 21 is controlled according to the applied voltage adjustment signal.
- the microwave power supply can be configured based on the voltage setting value (peak voltage) of the applied voltage set by the voltage value adjusting circuit and the ON time of the applied voltage set by the ON time adjusting circuit.
- the output intensity of the microwave emitted from the wave generator can be changed.
- microwaves can be generated as pulse waves with a waveform corresponding to each area (low output area, high output area) in the film formation process. Unit can output.
- the microwave power supply 1 includes a three-phase AC power supply 11, a three-phase rectifier 15-2, a smoothing circuit 20, a half-bridge inverter 21-1, Transformer 14-2, voltage doubler rectifying / smoothing circuit 22, magnetron 17-1, variable output 23-2 “!, variable pulse width input 24-1, and variable setting control circuit 25 — 1 and a gate drive circuit 25 ⁇ 2.
- the three-phase rectifier 15-2 converts the three-phase AC voltage from the ⁇ -phase AC power supply 11-1 into a DC voltage.
- a three-phase AC power supply is used as the power supply, but the power supply is not limited to the three-phase AC power supply, and may be, for example, a two-phase AC power supply.
- the half-bridge inverter 21-1 has transistors 21-1-11 as switching elements (for example, insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), bipolar junction transistor (BJT), MOS field effect transistor). (MOSFET)), diode 21-1-12, and capacitor 21-13.
- IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistor
- BJT bipolar junction transistor
- MOSFET MOS field effect transistor
- the gate of the transistor 21-1-11 is connected to the gate drive circuit 25-2, and the drive control of the gate drive circuit 25-2 reduces the DC voltage from the smoothing circuit 20 to an intermittent high frequency. Convert to voltage (Fig. 20). The converted intermittent high-frequency voltage is applied to the primary winding of the transformer 14-12.
- transistors 21-1-11 are provided.
- the transformer (inverter transformer) 14-2 boosts the high-frequency voltage from the half-bridge inverter 2 11 and supplies the boosted high-frequency voltage to the voltage doubler rectifying and smoothing circuit 22.
- the voltage doubler rectifying / smoothing circuit 22 has a high voltage capacitor 2 2-1 and a high voltage diode 2 2-2, and the secondary side of the transformer 14 1-2 is used during the OFF time of the switching element of the inverter circuit 21.
- the high voltage capacitor 2 2 1 1 is charged by the reverse high voltage appearing in the high voltage winding.
- the voltage charged in the high-voltage capacitor 22-1 is added in series to the high voltage appearing on the secondary high-voltage winding during the ON time of the switching element, and applied to the anode of the magnetron 17-1. .
- Output variable input 2 3 “! Is a variable device (eg, variable resistor, external control signal) provided to adjust the peak voltage (voltage setting value) of the voltage applied to the magnetron 17-1. ), And sends a signal (output control signal) indicating the adjustment value of the peak voltage to the variable setting control circuit 251-1.
- a variable device eg, variable resistor, external control signal
- a signal output control signal
- the variable pulse width input 24-1 is a variable device (for example, a variable resistor, an external control signal, etc.) provided to adjust the pulse width (ON time) of the voltage applied to the magnetron 17-1. ), And sends a signal indicating the pulse width adjustment value (oscillation time control signal) to the variable setting control circuit 251-1.
- a variable device for example, a variable resistor, an external control signal, etc.
- variable setting control circuit (variable setting control unit) 25-1 receives the voltage set value from the variable output input 23-1 and the ON time set value from the variable pulse width input 24-1, and drives the gate. Send to circuit 2 5— 2 ⁇
- the setting variable control circuit 25 “! Liveware 2 5— “! 1 and comparator E 2 5—“! 2, overcurrent detection 25-13, oscillation stop circuit 25-"14, oscillation enable signal input 25-15, and heater timer 25-16.
- the sawtooth wave generator 25-1-1 generates a sawtooth wave with a predetermined cycle time.
- the comparator E 25—12 is a sawtooth wave input from the sawtooth wave generator 25—11, and a pulse width adjustment value (oscillation time control signal) input from the variable pulse width input 24—1. Based on this, PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) is performed, and this waveform (oscillation stop signal) is sent to the oscillation stop circuit 25—14.
- PWM Pulse Width Modulation
- the overcurrent detection 25-13 receives the voltage (applied voltage) applied to the magnetron 17-1 from the voltage doubler rectifying and smoothing circuit 22 and determines whether or not the received applied voltage is an overcurrent. The result of this judgment (overcurrent detection signal) is sent to the oscillation stop circuit 25-14.
- Oscillation stop circuit 25-14 converts the output control signal input from variable output 23-2 into second comparator A 25-24 a and second comparator B 25-24 b Send to When the oscillation stop signal from the comparator E25-12 shows "0", the oscillation stop circuit 25-14 forcibly sets the output control signal to 0 [V].
- the oscillation stop signal 25-17 includes the sawtooth wave of the PWM input from the comparator E 25-12, the overcurrent detection signal input from the overcurrent detection 25-13, Oscillation enable signal input 25-15 Includes the oscillation enable signal input from 15 and the heater timer 25-16 input signal.
- the gate drive circuit (switching element drive unit) 25-2 switches the transistor (IGBT) 21-1-11 of the half-bridge inverter 21-1 based on the output control signal from the setting variable control circuit 25-1. Drive. When the output control signal is not sent from the setting variable control circuit 25-1, the gate drive circuit 25-2 does not drive the transistor (IGBT) 21-1-11.
- variable setting control circuit 25-1 and the gate drive circuit 25-2 are collectively referred to as an “impeller drive circuit unit 25 J”.
- the gate drive circuit 25-2 is, as shown in FIG. Generator 25—21, first comparator A 25—22a, first comparator B25—22b, sawtooth wave shaper A25—23a, sawtooth wave shaper B25—23b, It has a second comparator A 25-24a, a second comparator B 25-24b, an IGBT driver A25-25a, and an IGBT driver B 25-25b.
- the triangular wave generator 25-21 generates a triangular wave (waveform A) (Fig. 23 (a)).
- the first comparator A25-22a compares the triangular wave generated by the triangular wave generator 25-21 with a predetermined threshold value (comparison voltage A) (comparison A), and indicates that the triangular wave has a value equal to or less than the uplift value.
- a square wave (waveform B) is generated (Fig. 23 (b)).
- the first comparator B 25-22b compares the triangular wave generated by the triangular wave generator 25-21 with the threshold value (comparison voltage B set to a value lower than the comparison voltage A) (comparison B), and A square wave (waveform C) is generated when the triangle wave indicates a value equal to or greater than the threshold (FIG. 23 (c)).
- the sawtooth wave shaper A25-23a shapes and outputs the sawtooth wave to the square wave generated by the first comparator A25-22a (waveform D, Fig. 23 (d)).
- the sawtooth wave shaper B 25-23 b shapes and outputs the sawtooth wave to the square wave generated by the first comparator B 25-22 b (waveform E, Figure 23 (e)).
- the second comparator A 25—24a is composed of the square wave (waveform D) obtained by shaping the sawtooth wave by the sawtooth wave shaper A 25—23a and the output control signal input from the oscillation stop circuit 25—14. Compared with the indicated voltage value (output control voltage), a square wave (waveform F) is generated when the waveform D shows a value equal to or lower than the output control voltage (Fig. 23)).
- the second comparator B 25—24b is used to convert the square wave (waveform E) obtained by shaping the sawtooth wave by the sawtooth wave shaper B 25—23b and the output control signal input from the oscillation stop circuit 25—14. Compared with the indicated voltage value (output control voltage), a square wave (waveform G) is generated when the waveform E shows a value equal to or lower than the output control voltage (Fig. 23 (g)).
- the IGBT driver A 25—25a drives the transistor (I GBT) 21—11a of the half-bridge inverter 21—1 according to the square wave (Waveform F) from the second comparator A 25—24a.
- the IGBT driver B 25—25b drives the square wave (Waveform G) from the second comparator B 25—24b [thus, driving the transistor (I GBT) 21—lib of the half-bridge inverter 21—1.
- the voltage applied to the inverter transformers 14-12 by driving the transistor (IGBT) 21-11a and the transistor (IGBT) 21-11b is as shown in FIG. 23 (h).
- the comparison voltage A of the first comparator A 25-22a is set to a value slightly higher than the comparison voltage B of the first comparator B 25-22b. For this reason, when the waveform B rises and the waveform C falls (or when the waveform B falls and the waveform C rises), a “shift” occurs. Then, due to the occurrence of the “shift LJ,” a gap is generated between the waveform F output from the second comparator A 25-24a and the waveform G output from the second comparator B 25-24b. S "
- the waveform F for operating the IGBT driver A 25-25a and the waveform G for operating the IGBT driver B25-25b have different waveform formation times, and the waveform F and the waveform G are different from each other. There is a gap SJ between them. For this reason, the IGBT21-11a and the IGBT21-1lb of the half-bridge inverter 20-1 are not turned ON at the same time.
- the waveforms shown in FIGS. 23 (a) to 23 (h) are controlled by the oscillation stop circuit 25-14 of the setting variable control circuit 25-1 from the second comparator A 25-24a and the second comparator B25. This control is performed when an output control signal is sent to each 24b.
- the output control signal is not sent from the oscillation stop circuit 25-14 to the second comparator A 25-24a and the second comparator B25-24b (the comparator of the setting variable control circuit 25-1)
- the oscillation stop signal 25-17 sent to the oscillation stop circuit 25-14 from E25-12 is "0"
- the second comparator A 25-24a to the IGBT driver A25-25a F and the waveform G from the second comparator B 25-24 to the IGBT driver B25—25b are both 0 V, so no waveform is output from the IGBT 20-11.
- the peak voltage of the applied voltage can be adjusted by sending the output control signal from the oscillation stop circuit 25—14 to the second comparator A 25—24a and the second comparator B 25—24b.
- the time to send the output control signal ON time
- the time to not send it OF F time
- the peak voltage of the applied voltage output from 1 GBT20-11 can be adjusted. Also, the ON time of the applied voltage output from the IGBT2011 can be adjusted by the pulse width setting value input by the variable pulse width input 24-1.
- the waveform of the applied voltage when the ON time of the applied voltage is adjusted by the pulse width set value input at the variable pulse width input 24-1, as shown in Figs. 24 and 25, Done.
- the ON time is set short in the variable pulse width input 24-1, the OF time is long and the ON time is short, as shown in FIG.
- the waveform shown in FIG. 24 or FIG. 25 indicates that a pulse wave formed at a high frequency is output intermittently.
- the DC voltage sent from the smoothing circuit 20 to the half-bridge inverter 21-1 changes the voltage set value and pulse input at the output variable input 23-1 by turning on and off the transistor 21-11.
- the waveform of the applied voltage can be formed based on the voltage set value set by the adjustment circuit and the ON time set by the ON time adjustment circuit, one or both of the voltage set value and ON time are adjusted
- the output of the microphone mouth wave emitted from the microphone mouth wave generation section can be controlled. Therefore, in the initial stage of film formation (low output region), the ON time is shortened while increasing the voltage set value, and in the subsequent high output stage (high output region), the ON time is increased while increasing the voltage set value.
- By increasing the length it is possible to form a thin film having good characteristics (barrier integrity and adhesion).
- the ON time of the applied voltage can be shortened while increasing the microwave output intensity, the light emission of the plasma in the process chamber can be improved. Furthermore, as the ON time in the initial stage is shortened, the high output time in the high output stage can be shortened, so that the time required for the entire thin film formation by plasma CVD can be shortened. Examples In the following experimental examples, the evaluation of the gas barrier property and adhesion of the gay oxide film formed on the inner surface of the PET bottle, and the measurement of the thickness of the organic layer in the film were performed as follows. Was.
- OX-TRAN oxygen permeability analyzer
- the value for the oxygen permeation amount of a PET pot without a gay oxide film is shown as gas barrier uniformity. That is, it means that the smaller the value is, the more the gas barrier uniformity is improved.
- the composition of gallium, oxygen, and carbon in the depth direction of the film was determined for the inner surface of the body of the PET bottle with a gallium oxide film formed on the inner surface. The distribution was measured, and the thickness of the region where the carbon element concentration was 150/0 or more and the gay element concentration was 10% or more was shown as the thickness of the organic layer.
- a plasma processing apparatus equipped with a microphone mouth-wave power supply device shown in Fig. 9 and a plasma processing chamber having the structure shown in Fig. 8 was used, and hexamethyldisiloxane (HMD SO) and oxygen were used as processing gases.
- HMD SO hexamethyldisiloxane
- oxygen oxygen
- a microwave was introduced into the plasma processing chamber under the following conditions to form a gay oxide film.
- Transition period (t3 to t4) 3 seconds
- Example 1 Using a plasma processing apparatus equipped with a microwave power supply unit shown in FIG. A silicon oxide film was formed on the inner surface of the PET bottle in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 except that microwaves were introduced into the plasma processing chamber, and the same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
- a PET bottle was used in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 except that a known plasma processing apparatus equipped with a microwave power supply was used, and microwave mouth waves (GHz) were continuously introduced into the plasma processing chamber under the following conditions.
- GHz microwave mouth waves
- a gallium oxide film was formed on the inner surface of the substrate, and the same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Transition period (t3 to t4) 3 seconds
- the microwave introduction time was set as follows.
- Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Total film thickness 13 nm 18 nm 15 nm 13 nm Organic layer thickness 2.5 nm 3 nm 2 nm 0 nm Gas barrier property 1/20 1/1 50 1 / ⁇ 0 1/5 Adhesion (water resistance) 1 5.2 1/1 1 Z4 1/1. 3
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002501211A CA2501211A1 (en) | 2002-10-09 | 2003-10-09 | Method of forming a metal oxide film and microwave power source device used in the above method |
EP03751402A EP1561840A4 (en) | 2002-10-09 | 2003-10-09 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A METAL OXIDE FILM AND MICROWAVE POWER SOURCE FOR USE IN THIS METHOD |
AU2003271138A AU2003271138B2 (en) | 2002-10-09 | 2003-10-09 | Method of forming metal oxide film and microwave power source unit for use in the method |
US10/530,357 US7847209B2 (en) | 2002-10-09 | 2003-10-09 | Method of forming a metal oxide film and microwave power source device used for the above method |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
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JP2002295908 | 2002-10-09 | ||
JP2002-295908 | 2002-10-09 | ||
JP2003-112136 | 2003-04-16 | ||
JP2003112136 | 2003-04-16 | ||
JP2003-116301 | 2003-04-21 | ||
JP2003116301A JP4432351B2 (ja) | 2003-04-16 | 2003-04-21 | マイクロ波プラズマ処理方法 |
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PCT/JP2003/012946 WO2004033753A1 (ja) | 2002-10-09 | 2003-10-09 | 金属酸化膜の形成方法及び該方法に用いるマイクロ波電源装置 |
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US (1) | US7847209B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1561840A4 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20050084844A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003271138B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2501211A1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200416295A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004033753A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1852522A1 (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2007-11-07 | Toyo Seikan Kaisha, Ltd. | Vapor deposited film by plasma cvd method |
Families Citing this family (14)
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WO2004087989A1 (ja) | 2003-03-28 | 2004-10-14 | Toyo Seikan Kaisha, Ltd. | プラズマcvd法による化学蒸着膜及びその形成方法 |
JP5275543B2 (ja) * | 2005-08-31 | 2013-08-28 | 株式会社吉野工業所 | 高いバリア性を有する合成樹脂製容器 |
US20070095281A1 (en) * | 2005-11-01 | 2007-05-03 | Stowell Michael W | System and method for power function ramping of microwave liner discharge sources |
US7842355B2 (en) | 2005-11-01 | 2010-11-30 | Applied Materials, Inc. | System and method for modulation of power and power related functions of PECVD discharge sources to achieve new film properties |
FR2903622B1 (fr) | 2006-07-17 | 2008-10-03 | Sidel Participations | Dispositif pour le depot d'un revetement sur une face interne d'un recipient |
FR2908009B1 (fr) | 2006-10-25 | 2009-02-20 | Sidel Participations | Procede et dispositif de regulation d'alimentation electrique d'un magnetron, et installation de traitement de recipients thermoplastiques qui en fait application |
DE102006053366A1 (de) * | 2006-11-10 | 2008-05-15 | Schott Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur plasmaunterstützten chemischen Dampfphasenabscheidung |
MX2009010121A (es) * | 2007-04-04 | 2009-10-12 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance | Unidad laminar de empaque, metodo para fabricar la unidad laminar de empaque y contenedor de empaque producido a partir de la misma. |
WO2011013677A1 (ja) | 2009-07-31 | 2011-02-03 | 東洋紡績株式会社 | ガスバリア性積層フィルム |
JP5668459B2 (ja) | 2009-12-24 | 2015-02-12 | 東洋紡株式会社 | ガスバリア性積層フィルム |
DE102010048960A1 (de) * | 2010-10-18 | 2012-04-19 | Khs Corpoplast Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Plasmabehandlung von Werkstücken |
EP2667481A4 (en) * | 2011-01-19 | 2015-12-02 | Technova Inc | SYSTEM FOR CONTACT-FREE ENERGY TRANSMISSION |
EP2683836B1 (en) | 2011-03-10 | 2021-02-17 | Kaiatech, Inc. | Method and apparatus for treating containers |
KR101427720B1 (ko) * | 2013-03-27 | 2014-08-13 | (주)트리플코어스코리아 | 단차부 및 블록부를 이용한 플라즈마 도파관 |
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- 2003-10-09 US US10/530,357 patent/US7847209B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-10-09 TW TW092128060A patent/TW200416295A/zh unknown
- 2003-10-09 EP EP03751402A patent/EP1561840A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-10-09 CA CA002501211A patent/CA2501211A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-10-09 WO PCT/JP2003/012946 patent/WO2004033753A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2003-10-09 AU AU2003271138A patent/AU2003271138B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-10-09 KR KR1020057006169A patent/KR20050084844A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1561840A1 (en) | 2005-08-10 |
AU2003271138A1 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
US20060138099A1 (en) | 2006-06-29 |
AU2003271138B2 (en) | 2008-07-10 |
EP1561840A4 (en) | 2009-05-13 |
TW200416295A (en) | 2004-09-01 |
KR20050084844A (ko) | 2005-08-29 |
US7847209B2 (en) | 2010-12-07 |
CA2501211A1 (en) | 2004-04-22 |
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