WO2004033134A1 - Process and plant for manufacturing fine iron and steel powders, fine iron and steel powders and use of powders manufactured by the process - Google Patents
Process and plant for manufacturing fine iron and steel powders, fine iron and steel powders and use of powders manufactured by the process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004033134A1 WO2004033134A1 PCT/SE2003/001571 SE0301571W WO2004033134A1 WO 2004033134 A1 WO2004033134 A1 WO 2004033134A1 SE 0301571 W SE0301571 W SE 0301571W WO 2004033134 A1 WO2004033134 A1 WO 2004033134A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- milling
- iron
- anyone
- powder
- process according
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/22—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip
- B22F3/225—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip by injection molding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for manufacturing fine iron and steel powders.
- the present invention further relates to a plant for manufacturing fine iron and steel powders.
- the present invention also relates to fine iron and steel powders as well as use of powders manufactured by the process according to the invention.
- Fine iron and steel powders mean particle sizes being from 1-50 ⁇ m, are expensive due to, inter alia, the manufacturing processes employed. Thus, it is known to use an atomizing process, which calls for inert gas as protection, the cost increasing steeply with decreasing particle size etc. Further . it is known to use finely divided iron oxide, which is reduced to iron, this process, however, being limited, by, inter alia, sintering. Further a process called the carbonyl process employing gaseous reactants is known, the process, however, calling for rigorous safety and environmental considerations, due to the toxic substances employed.
- the present invention relates to a process according to the introductory part of the accompanying claim 1.
- the process is especially characterized in what is specified in the characterizing portion of said claim.
- the present invention relates to a plant according to the introductory part of the accompanying claim 15.
- the plant is especially characterized in what is specified in the characterizing portion of claim 15.
- the invention further relates to a fine iron or steel powder according to the introductory part of the accompanying claim 29.
- the powder is especially characterized in what is specified in the characterizing portion of claim 29.
- Fig. 1 schematically shows different embodiments of the process according to the invention
- a raw material preparation step is designated by 1.
- Fragmented raw 5 materials according to the invention are, primarily and preferably, taken from the following groups:
- the raw material may be taken from one or more of these groups, a mixture of different raw materials being possible to use.
- Nitriding transforms mainly, the iron of the raw material to a brittle nitride 30 material, a possible nitrogen content being about 3 - 20% by weight, a preferred nitrogen content being above 6% by weight.
- contents are given as percentage by weight.
- the nitriding operation is performed in eg a standard rotating tube furnace, not 5 shown, in which a stream of ammonia gas is conveyed through or above the raw material, the operation taking place at about 400 -800 °C, preferably at about 500 - 700 °C.
- the milling means may be arranged for batchwise or continuous milling.
- transformation to nitride and milling may be performed in an integrated process step comprising both nitriding and milling. This is schematically shown in
- This integrated step may be performed in eg a rotating tube furnace, not shown, provided with milling bodies ) 20 during said transformation.
- separation means are provided for a separation step 6 for obtaining a fraction of powder particles within a desired particle size interval.
- a separation step 6 for obtaining a fraction of powder particles within a desired particle size interval.
- existing sieving or elutriation techniques and equipments not 25 shown, may be used.
- transformation, milling and particle size separation are arranged in an integrated process step arrangement in which at least too coarse particles are intended to be recirculated from the separation operation 4 to the 30 transformation operation 2 as schematically shown by means of the arrow 7 in Fig. 1.
- one embodiment of the process might be to nitride an outer shell of particles with considerable size, since nitriding takes place from the outside, and to mill such particles so that said outer shell, which is brittle, is crushed off and to recirculate the remaining raw material core for further nitriding, milling etc. This will in certain cases improve the productivity. If nitriding and milling is integrated, such an operation will be performed automatically.
- Fig. 1, 8 designates a denitriding step, in which a fine powder from the former steps is retransformed, preferably by means of hydrogen gas, according to the reaction, ii):
- This reaction is best utilized by means of arrangements for conveying a stream of hydrogen gas through and/or above the processed powder, eg in a tube furnace, not shown, at temperatures about 250 - 400 °C, preferably about 300 - 350 °C.
- Denitriding may also be performed according to the reaction, iii):
- the hydrogen treatment is normally preferred since it also leads to the reduction of iron oxides and allows comparatively low temperatures in order to minimise agglomeration of the resulting powder. Thus, there happens to be almost no agglomeration at all at temperatures below about 350 °C.
- Example 1
- the mixture was heated in hydrogen gas to sintering temperature, 1300 °C, the holding time being 60 minutes.
- the sintered samples were analysed chemically and metallographically. The chemical analysis showed that the remaining content of nitrogen was below 150 ppm and of oxygen below 300 ppm.
- the metallographic study showed that a closed porosity had been achieved.
- the pore size was below 5 ⁇ m and the volume fraction of pores was below 1 %, Fig. 2.
- the results show that finely milled iron nitride powder can replace carbonyl iron powder as a sintering active powder for the production of high alloy steel components.
- iron or steel fragmented raw material preferably finely divided iron, porous iron, fine iron oxide or finely divided steel
- ammonia gas preferably ammonia gas
- the material thus transformed is, when applicable, milled, preferably separated with respect to particle sizes and then denitrided, whereby the iron based nitridic material is totally or substantially totally denitrided to form a fine iron or steel powder, the iron powder in certain cases still comprising a certain amount of remaining iron nitride and the steel powder in certain cases still comprising certain metal nitrides, as discussed later.
- fine iron or steel powders thus produced may to a certain extent contain normal impurities and the terms iron powder and steel powder are here intended to also cover powders containing such impurities.
- the particle size distribution is controlled by the operating parameters of the milling process. Mean typical particle sizes produced are about 1 - 50 ⁇ m, often preferred sizes being about 3 - 25 ⁇ m.
- a pure iron powder is produced according to the invention.
- This product can be used for various sintering applications, particularly those which demands powders with high sintering activity, eg metal injection molding.
- sintering applications particularly those which demands powders with high sintering activity, eg metal injection molding.
- a large area of applications can be found in the food and medical industry, as iron additives.
- Other areas of applications are in various magnetic applications.
- Raw materials from group 3 results in a steel powder with maintained material composition except for the nitrogen still remaining after denitridation in compounds with alloying elements such as molybdenum and chromium, i.e. in nitrides more stable than iron nitride.
- the product is intended to be used in various sintering applications, particularly those which demands powders with high sintering activity, e.g. metal injection molding.
- nitrides of molybdenum and chromium will loose its nitrogen (spontaneous denitridation) during heating to sintering temperatures (e.g. chromium nitride decomposes to chromium and nitrogen gas at temperatures exceeding about 1050 °C).
- milling and separation may be performed dry or wet. However, after wet milling and separation the finely milled product has to be dried (dehydrization, vacuum drying, etc), eventually followed by a deagglomeration step.
- nitriding and/or denitriding may be performed in a, preferably rotating, tube furnace but may also be performed in e.g. a belt furnace, gas preferably being provided in a counter flow arrangement in relation to the powder flow, i.e. the belt movement in the furnace. Further, a fluidized bed arrangement 15 may be used, the powder being the bed material.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2003267920A AU2003267920A1 (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2003-10-09 | Process and plant for manufacturing fine iron and steel powders, fine iron and steel powders and use of powders manufactured by the process |
US10/531,003 US20060037670A1 (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2003-10-09 | Process and plant for manufacturing fine iron and steel powders, fine iron and steel powders and use of powders manufactured by the process |
EP03748862A EP1549448A1 (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2003-10-09 | Process and plant for manufacturing fine iron and steel powders, fine iron and steel powders and use of powders manufactured by the process |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE0203038A SE526454C2 (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2002-10-11 | Process and plant for the production of iron and steel powders via nitride and the use of powders produced by the process |
SE0203038-5 | 2002-10-11 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004033134A1 true WO2004033134A1 (en) | 2004-04-22 |
Family
ID=20289268
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/SE2003/001571 WO2004033134A1 (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2003-10-09 | Process and plant for manufacturing fine iron and steel powders, fine iron and steel powders and use of powders manufactured by the process |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060037670A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1549448A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003267920A1 (en) |
SE (1) | SE526454C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004033134A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015193295A1 (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2015-12-23 | Danmarks Tekniske Universitet | Process for the preparation of porous nitrided iron material |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105257986B (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2017-12-26 | 江苏丰东热技术股份有限公司 | Ammonia tank attachment means |
CN109289653A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-02-01 | 莱芜职业技术学院 | A kind of nickelles stainless steel powder high-energy ball milling nitrogen pick-up device |
WO2020172744A1 (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2020-09-03 | Rio Tinto Iron And Titanium Canada Inc. | Metallic iron powder |
CN110125418A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-08-16 | 江苏精研科技股份有限公司 | A kind of MIM titanium alloy preparation method improving surface abrasion resistance |
CN110405214B (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-11-05 | 怡力精密制造有限公司 | Preparation method of stainless steel material |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB922955A (en) * | 1959-07-14 | 1963-04-03 | Hokuriku Kako Kabushiki Kaisha | Prcoess for the manufacture of pulverized iron |
US3459546A (en) * | 1966-03-15 | 1969-08-05 | Fansteel Inc | Processes for producing dispersion-modified alloys |
WO1992014568A1 (en) * | 1991-02-19 | 1992-09-03 | The Australian National University | Production of metal and metalloid nitrides |
US5330554A (en) * | 1991-08-30 | 1994-07-19 | Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for producing iron-nitride powders |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1146712A (en) * | 1965-06-02 | 1969-03-26 | Mannesmann Ag | Improved method of producing nitrogen-containing chromium-steel alloys |
US4154608A (en) * | 1978-07-19 | 1979-05-15 | Uop Inc. | Production of high purity iron powder |
-
2002
- 2002-10-11 SE SE0203038A patent/SE526454C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2003
- 2003-10-09 AU AU2003267920A patent/AU2003267920A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-10-09 WO PCT/SE2003/001571 patent/WO2004033134A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-10-09 US US10/531,003 patent/US20060037670A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-10-09 EP EP03748862A patent/EP1549448A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB922955A (en) * | 1959-07-14 | 1963-04-03 | Hokuriku Kako Kabushiki Kaisha | Prcoess for the manufacture of pulverized iron |
US3459546A (en) * | 1966-03-15 | 1969-08-05 | Fansteel Inc | Processes for producing dispersion-modified alloys |
WO1992014568A1 (en) * | 1991-02-19 | 1992-09-03 | The Australian National University | Production of metal and metalloid nitrides |
US5330554A (en) * | 1991-08-30 | 1994-07-19 | Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for producing iron-nitride powders |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015193295A1 (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2015-12-23 | Danmarks Tekniske Universitet | Process for the preparation of porous nitrided iron material |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE0203038D0 (en) | 2002-10-11 |
AU2003267920A1 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
US20060037670A1 (en) | 2006-02-23 |
SE526454C2 (en) | 2005-09-20 |
SE0203038L (en) | 2004-04-12 |
EP1549448A1 (en) | 2005-07-06 |
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