WO2004028241A1 - Farm product protecting bag - Google Patents

Farm product protecting bag Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004028241A1
WO2004028241A1 PCT/JP2003/004525 JP0304525W WO2004028241A1 WO 2004028241 A1 WO2004028241 A1 WO 2004028241A1 JP 0304525 W JP0304525 W JP 0304525W WO 2004028241 A1 WO2004028241 A1 WO 2004028241A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bag
film
permeable
agricultural product
agricultural products
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2003/004525
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Ohki Yamada
Original Assignee
Nidaiki Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nidaiki Co., Ltd. filed Critical Nidaiki Co., Ltd.
Priority to AU2003242294A priority Critical patent/AU2003242294A1/en
Priority to US10/498,892 priority patent/US20050180664A1/en
Priority to KR1020047005860A priority patent/KR100646211B1/en
Priority to JP2004539455A priority patent/JP4237141B2/en
Publication of WO2004028241A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004028241A1/en
Priority to HK06101471.0A priority patent/HK1081396A1/en

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/10Devices for affording protection against animals, birds or other pests
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0237Devices for protecting a specific part of a plant, e.g. roots, trunk or fruits

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a bag which covers agricultural products and protects them from diseases and pests during cultivation of fruits such as persimmons and pears, vegetables and flowers, and more specifically, a product made of hot air by a film made of air-permeable or gas-permeable plastic.
  • the present invention relates to a protective bag for agricultural products that can prevent burns and enhance the workability of bag installation to facilitate quality control and contribute to the improvement of quality such as sugar content, color and appearance of agricultural products.
  • paper bags have been used to protect fruits during cultivation of agricultural products, such as persimmons, pears, apples, peaches and other fruits.
  • the paper bag has a water-repellent finish such as coating with paraffin or alpha-olefin resin so that it does not break in water, so that the bag loses gas permeability. Not only does it stop the contact with the bacteria and cause bacteria to multiply, but especially in the hot summer months, the hot air stays inside the bag, and the part of the fruit comes in contact with the upper part of the bag by this heat. There was a problem that burning occurred.
  • the paper bag described above lacks transparency, and the bag is used to observe the fruit inside the bag. It takes time and effort to break down. Therefore, there is a bag in which a part of paper bag is made of transparent film, but it is inconvenient such as wearing transparent part facing in the same direction so that the manufacturing cost is high and the inside of the bag can be observed from one direction. It has not reached widespread use. Also, Since paper bags made of paper are easily torn when the birds bite and eaten the fruits, the upper part of the bag must be covered with an umbrella-like plastic film to protect the fruits from bird damage, Was a problem.
  • agricultural products other than the fruits described above for example, vegetables such as tomato, mini tomato, cabbage, Chinese cabbage, asparagus, etc., other edible mushrooms, quince such as maiko, flower buds of persimmon, phalaenopsis etc.
  • Agricultural products such as species have become a problem due to multiple damage caused by eating pollen, leaves, flowers, fruits or shoots to small pests called pests (T hrips) during the growing process.
  • the micropores provided in the bag body are air-permeable or gas-permeable, and have a size that water does not pass through. Therefore, since water does not enter into the interior of the bag as long as the opening is sealed, there is no need to provide a draining hole, and thus there is a concern that pests may penetrate into the bag through the draining hole. There is no Also, in order to allow air to pass through the pores and replace the air inside the bag with the outside air, it was found that there is a close relationship with the density and size of the pores. A range of pore size and pore area ratio or open area ratio was established to create the most suitable environmental conditions for agricultural products.
  • the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems. Especially, in agricultural chemicals-less cultivation or reduced agricultural chemicals cultivation, the growing and protecting effect of agricultural products is remarkable, and the agricultural products which contribute to the improvement of fruit quality, yield and workability.
  • the purpose is to provide a protective bag.
  • the present invention relates to a bag for covering and protecting the agricultural products in the process of cultivating agricultural products such as fruits, vegetables and flowers, and the bag comprises at least one bag. It has an opening, and at least a part of the bag (including the part on the opening side) to the entire surface of the bag is provided with a large number of breathable to gas-permeable and water-impermeable micropores, transparent to semitransparent, or
  • An agricultural product protection bag is characterized in that it comprises a perforated film made of Z and a light transmitting plastic (Claim 1).
  • air-permeable or gas-permeable and non-permeable micropores means “at least air can be transmitted when the agricultural product protection bag is used in a generally normal state, but water is It means a non-permeable micropore, and even if water enters under special conditions other than the above, it is not intended to exclude from the present invention a bag for protecting agricultural products according to the reason.
  • the present invention is a bag for covering and protecting the agricultural products in the process of cultivating agricultural products such as fruits, vegetables and flowers, and the bag is at least one. And at least part of the bag (including the part on the side of the opening) to the entire surface of the bag are provided with a large number of gas-permeable and non-water-permeable micropores, and the transparent
  • a bag body made of a translucent or light-transmissive plastic apertured film; and an attachment portion for attaching the above-mentioned bag body to a support portion (including a support branch portion) of the agricultural product. It is set as the agricultural product protection bag characterized by the above (Claim 2).
  • the present invention is a bag for covering and protecting the agricultural products in the process of cultivating agricultural products such as fruits, vegetables and flowers, and the bag is at least one.
  • the multi-bag is made of plastic film and has at least one part of the bag (including the part on the side of the opening) to the entire bag surface. It is characterized in that it is characterized in that it comprises fine pores of air-permeability to gas-permeability and non-permeability.
  • the present invention is a bag for covering and protecting the agricultural products in the process of cultivating agricultural products such as fruits, vegetables and flowers, and the bag is at least one.
  • the multi-bag is made of plastic film and has at least one part of the bag (including the part on the side of the opening) to the entire bag surface.
  • a bag body comprising air-permeable or gas-permeable and non-water-permeable micropores, and an attachment portion for attaching the bag body to a support portion (including a support branch portion) of the agricultural product;
  • the product protection bag is characterized in that
  • the micropores provided in the plastic film have a maximum pore diameter in the range of 50 to 500 jum and a pore area 5.
  • the product protection bag in the plastic filling rod having the micropores according to claims 1 to 4, convex parts are formed on the periphery of the micropores on one side or both sides, it is preferable that the product protection bag is characterized in that any surface formed with the convex portion is directed toward the inside of the bag body. Further, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the present invention, the fine holes may be through holes which are penetrated from one surface to the other surface of the plastic film, or an extremely thin film portion near the surface of the other surface.
  • the present invention is characterized in that the plastic film constituting the agricultural product protective bag is selected from light of wavelength which promotes coloring of agricultural products, sugar content or growth in sunlight. It is preferable to use the bag for agricultural product protection according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is transparent to (1) or (2).
  • the plastic film constituting the bag is a biodegradable film, an ultraviolet absorbing film, an antibacterial or sterilizing film, a negative ion generating film, a far infrared ray generation 5.
  • the present invention provides the agricultural product protection bag according to any one of claims 2 or 4, wherein the attachment portion is formed of a part of the bag main body or the bag main body. It is preferable that the product protection bag is characterized in that the attachment portion configured separately is fixed to the bag body.
  • the agricultural product protection bag according to the present invention is made of the plastic film having fine pores as described above, and it is not broken against itching due to bird's beak, and ant, oil bug, slug, moth and slips Completely prevent the infestation of insects and other insects. In addition, it is impermeable and prevents rainwater and liquid pesticides from entering the bag Therefore, there is no need to provide a drain for drainage, and therefore there is no concern that pests will enter from the drain. Even if rainwater enters the bag under strong wind such as a typhoon, the fine holes are breathable, so the rainwater in the bag is vaporized and evaporates from the fine holes.
  • the air inside the bag and the air inside the bag are freely exchanged through the fine holes, the hot air inside the bag is eliminated during the day to equalize the temperature distribution in the bag and to prevent the burning of the fruit, and at night the outside of the bag
  • the cold air is introduced into the bag to bring the condition inside the bag closer to the natural atmosphere.
  • the difference between the day and night temperature in the bag is increased, and the sugar content of the fruit is increased to improve the quality.
  • the bag body is transparent to light, by taking in sunlight in a natural state, the degree of coloration of agricultural products is increased to give an appearance with excellent colorability as with cultivation under sunlight.
  • the one constituted by the double bag a transparent or semi-transparent bag in which the inner bag transmits sunlight or selectively transmits only sunlight of a specific wavelength.
  • the outer bag of the double bag is made of a light shielding film for blocking sunlight or partially blocking sunlight.
  • the former double bag is attached to the fruit in the early growth stage of the fruit to keep sunlight blocked, and when the fruit has grown to a certain degree, leave the inner bag and remove the outer bag.
  • the sunlight transmitted through the bag can be applied to the fruit to make it red.
  • a transparent organic red pigment to the inner bag in order to make it easy to transmit light of red wavelength so as to increase the red pigment of the fruit.
  • a double bag may be placed during the growing season of the produce, and after harvesting the produce, the outer bag may be removed and the inner bag may be used as a product packaging bag.
  • three or more multiple bags may be configured.
  • the pore diameter of the largest part of the micropores can be set in the range of 50 to 500 m, air permeability or gas permeation can be achieved. Even small tiny pests like sexual and impermeable and slips (T hrips) can prevent entry.
  • the pore size of the largest part of the micropores was determined as described above, and the area fraction of pores was determined within the range of 0.7% to 10%.
  • the vacancy area ratio means a numerical value expressed as a percentage of the total vacancy area per unit area.
  • a convex portion is formed on the periphery of the micropores on one side or both sides of the film, and any side of the convex surface can be formed inside the bag body.
  • the above-mentioned convex portions make point contact with the surface of fruit etc. (FIG. 5).
  • the film adheres tightly to the surface of fruits and the like, so that the passage of air is blocked. This is a cause of scorching by hot air.
  • a light shield was provided to prevent this heat burn, but there was a defect that the colorability and sugar content decreased by blocking the sunlight.
  • the air flow passes from the fine holes through the gap between the convex portion and the contact portion such as a fruit and the like, and the heat is discharged to the outside to thereby prevent the heat burning, thereby preventing the light shielding portion. It does not need to be added, so it acts to increase coloring and sugar content. Furthermore, in the inner surface of the bag body, the convex surfaces of the opposing films or the convex surface and the flat surface are in contact, and compared with those in which the flat surfaces are in contact, stickiness of the film is prevented and the bag opening operation is facilitated. Act as
  • a convex part is formed in the periphery of the minute hole in one side or both sides of a film, and the bag constituted so that the film side in which the convex part was formed was turned to the inside of the bag main body
  • the gap between the convex part and the contact part such as fruit prevents so-called water transfer caused by the capillary phenomenon in which water droplets such as rainwater enter the inside of the bag through the fine holes, thereby making the film non-permeable property more improves.
  • the agricultural product protection bag according to the present invention can be a perforated film comprising a closed hole, and it is possible to transmit air through the closed very thin film part at one end of the minute hole, or pest Entry may, of course, also block the entry of pathogens.
  • the agricultural product protection bag according to the present invention can be added with an additive such as a coloring material or an ultraviolet light absorber which selectively transmits the wavelength of the sunlight which promotes coloring of fruits and the like, for example, black
  • an additive such as a coloring material or an ultraviolet light absorber which selectively transmits the wavelength of the sunlight which promotes coloring of fruits and the like, for example, black
  • the agricultural product protective bag according to the present invention can promote the growth of agricultural products and further enhance the value by using various functional films as described above.
  • the agricultural product protection bag according to the present invention includes an attachment portion for attaching the bag to the support portion of the adherend, and the attachment portion is formed of a part of the bag body or Since the attachment part configured separately from the bag body can be fixed to the bag body, the work of attaching the bag is facilitated.
  • fixing the attachment portion to the bag or configuring it as a part of the bag it is possible to save the trouble of removing the attachment portion one by one, and it becomes easy to attach the bag and support the bag. It can be attached firmly to the department. Specific examples of the attachment unit will be described later. Brief description of the drawings
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of an agricultural product protection bag according to an embodiment in which an adhesive is used in the attachment portion.
  • Fig. 2 shows a bag for protecting agricultural products according to an embodiment in which an adhesive is used in the attachment portion. It is the perspective view which showed the state used.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating the agricultural product protection bag according to the embodiment in which a wire is used for the attachment portion.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state of using the agricultural product protection bag according to the embodiment in which a wire is used for the attachment portion.
  • FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the state of the contact surface between the agricultural product protection bag and the fruit according to the example.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view illustrating a product protection bag according to another embodiment in which a wire is used for the attachment portion.
  • FIG. 7 is a plan view illustrating the agricultural product protection bag according to the embodiment in which both end portions of the belt-shaped attachment portion are welded to both side surfaces of the bag body.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view illustrating the agricultural product protection bag according to the embodiment in which a part of the bag body is cut into a band-like attachment portion.
  • FIG. 9 is a plan view illustrating a mounting portion made of small pieces and a state in which this mounting portion is welded near the opening of the bag body.
  • 1 is a bag for agricultural product protection
  • 1 1 is a bag body
  • 12 is an attachment portion
  • 13 is a fine hole
  • 14 is a cut. is there.
  • the bag body 1 1 is made of a transparent or translucent plastic perforated film, and a large number of air-permeable to gas-permeable and non-water-permeable micropores 13 are formed on almost the entire surface.
  • micro holes are provided in a part of the opening 15 side in the above-mentioned figure, the micro holes 13 may be provided on the entire surface of the bag. And the range in which the fine holes are provided can be determined appropriately in consideration of the temperature inside the bag.
  • the hot air in the bag tends to rise upward, and in order to expel the hot air to the outside, the bag is usually attached to the upper part of the bag when the bag is mounted with the opening 15 facing upward.
  • provide micropores 13 at least near the opening 15 of the bag or increase the pore size, pore density or area fraction of pores to increase the ventilation efficiency. It is preferable to arrange as follows. That is, depending on the direction in which the bag is attached, for example, the vicinity of the opening of the bag, the vicinity of the bottom of the bag, or the middle of the bag, etc.
  • the pore diameter, pore density, pore area ratio, etc. can be changed as appropriate.
  • the material of the plastic film is not particularly limited.
  • a multilayer film laminated by lamination or sand lamination through a resin layer for coextrusion film or adhesive may be used.
  • it can be a film that is degraded by microorganisms, for example, starch or dextran, or other biodegradable resin as the main raw material, and UV absorbers that absorb specific UV radiation, such as metal powders such as silver and copper.
  • Antibacterial agent W is a film that is degraded by microorganisms, for example, starch or dextran, or other biodegradable resin as the main raw material, and UV absorbers that absorb specific UV radiation, such as metal powders such as silver and copper.
  • the gas permeability can be secured if the diameter of the largest part of the micropores is 50 / m, preferably 70 m or more, water permeability may occur if it exceeds 500 m.
  • the pore size of the micropores is preferably in the range of 50 to 500 jm, preferably 70 to 400, and particularly preferably 90 to 200 m.
  • experiments were conducted on three types of effective films made of the 25 ⁇ m thick transparent OP film described in Table 1.
  • Example 1 Example 2 Hole shape Circle shape Circle shape Number of holes (m 2 ) 1, 786, 000 890, 000 620, 000 Average pore diameter (im) 1 0 0 200 300 350 450 hole area ratio (%) 1. 4. 4 7 8. 8
  • an effective film for example, between an embossing roll and a backup roll provided with a drive roll or a projection having a hot needle heated to a melting point (about 200 ° C.) or more of a polyolefin-based plastic film. Hold it in a predetermined gap (set at a predetermined gap) and melt-perforate a large number of fine holes while adjusting the line speed. At the time of the melting and perforating, a relatively high convex portion is formed by the molten resin reservoir around the hole on one surface of the film, and a relatively low convex portion is formed on the opposite surface side.
  • the two films are stacked so that the surface on which the high convex portion is formed is on the inside of the bag, and welding cutting (fusion cutting) around the periphery excluding the opening forms the bag.
  • the above-mentioned multi-layer bag is twice as many as the number of films to be polymerized, for example, the above-mentioned double bag for apple is made of two transparent perforated films, and one light-shielding perforated film on the outside of each. A total of four sheets can be stacked, and the periphery can be fused in the same manner as described above to form a bag.
  • the perforated film is formed by overlapping a plurality of films and perforating them with a heating needle or the like, and the periphery of the through holes are fused to form a plurality of films point to each other. Also included are bonded films bonded to The latter polymer films can be easily peeled off to each single film by simply pulling each film by hand.
  • the perforation method is a perforation method in which the fine powder ore is blown at high speed from any one surface of the plastic film to the other surface, a method of perforation by laser one light, a large number of through holes
  • the film is continuously put along the surface of the cylindrical roll having the film, and the film is heated and suctioned from the inside, and the film section sucked along the inner surface of the cylindrical roll is cut and perforated.
  • a method such as heating by a gas burner flame, etc. and perforating the film in contact with the above-mentioned depressed portion by receiving internal stress and shrinking, and the perforated film of the present invention can be formed by any perforation method.
  • a film having a closed hole in which one end is closed by an extremely thin film portion is manufactured in substantially the same manner as the invention of Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-0220272 filed by the present applicant.
  • a polyethylene layer, a heat-sealable sheet, with a relatively gas-permeable polystyrene layer on the outside Using the lamination film by dry lamination or PE lamination with resin layer for adhesion in the order of the polyester layer (the thickness of each layer is 50, 25 and 25 m in order) Hold the inner (polyester layer) side of the film against the hot needle between the drive roll and the backup roll on which the hot needle is planted (set to the predetermined gap), and adjust the line speed to the outside of the film.
  • Polystyrene layer Innumerable micropores can be melt-perforated leaving an extremely thin film portion of about 5 ⁇ m in the vicinity of the surface.
  • the temperature of the heating needle is set to a temperature higher than the melting point of the film (about 200 ° C.), but it is preferable to control the temperature appropriately in relation to the liner speed.
  • the so-called hot needle roll is formed by planting a needle on almost the entire surface of the roll in contact with the film and heating it with a heater.
  • a so-called protrusion strung roll having innumerable protrusions formed on the surface of the roll. it can.
  • the attachment 12 near the opening of the bag body 1 1 causes one of the openings 15 to protrude longer than the other, as shown in FIG.
  • An adhesive layer 17 and a release layer 18 are formed in this order on the inside of the projecting portion 16 while providing a notch 14 toward the end.
  • a support branch such as fruit
  • the adhesive layer 17 is attached to the opposite film surface to seal the opening.
  • the adhesive layer 17 and the release layer 18 may be provided on the opposite surface side where the protrusion 16 is bent.
  • FIG. 3 exemplifies the case where the wire 19 which is the attachment portion is attached in the vicinity of the opening of the bag body 1 1. Cut 14 may be provided if necessary. As shown in FIG. 4, the wire 19 can be wound around the support branch and fastened. The wire 19 is preferably one coated with plastic or one in which the wire is held between two plastic strips.
  • FIG. 6 exemplifies the case where the entire wire 19 is heat-welded longitudinally to one side of the bag body, and a band-like cut is formed along the wire 19; The heat pressing portion 24 may be formed at the lower end of the plug. Alternatively, the wire 19 may be provided along the entire periphery or a part of the opening 15 of the bag body 11 (not shown).
  • Fig. 7 shows that the attachment part is configured in a band-like shape separately from the bag body, and this band-like attachment part 12 is disposed in the lateral direction near the opening of the bag body 1 1
  • Both ends are heat welded to both sides of the bag body 1 1. Only one end of the strap-like attachment 12 may be welded.
  • the material of the above-mentioned strap-like attachment 12 is not particularly limited, but it is possible to heat-weld with the bag body 1 1 and at least a non-stretched film in the longitudinal direction of the strap-like attachment. preferable.
  • the opening of the bag body 1 1 is removed by layering the two perforated plastic films and the strip-like plastic film that make up the bag body 1 1 in this order at appropriate positions, and cutting off the bag body 1 1. It is possible to form the agricultural product protection bag 1 whose periphery is sealed and whose one end or both ends of the attachment portion 12 are welded to the bag body 1 1 in one step.
  • the end of the strap-like attachment 12 is removed from the bag body 1 1, or only one end is welded. As it is, it is tightened by winding it around the opening 15 of the bag body 1 1 several times, sandwiching the end with a gap and stretching it, and attach the bag body 1 1 to the support branch and seal the opening 15 Can.
  • a high-frequency welder may be used for the vinyl chloride resin film or the like, and an ultrasonic welder may be used for the polyolefin-based resin film.
  • the attachment portion 12 shown in FIG. 8 is an example in which one side of the bag body 1 1 itself is cut away 14 leaving a heat-pressed portion 24 at the upper end portion to form a band-like string 12.
  • This cutting insert 14 may be formed using a scissors or a cutter, but the heat pressing part 24 at the upper end is heat-sealed by a cutting blade with a flat blade, and processing is performed in one step You can also As in the previous example, depending on the material, high frequency or ultrasonic welders may be used. Alternatively, a fabric such as a band-like non-woven fabric may be attached to the inner peripheral portion of the opening 15 to improve the water tightness when the opening is closed (not shown).
  • FIG. 9 shows another example of the attachment portion 12.
  • a hole 25 for holding the bag body In the middle portion of a small piece made of a hard plastic thin plate having flexibility, a hole 25 for holding the bag body, and this holding It illustrates a state in which the attachment portion 12 in which the cut 14 continuous to the hole is formed is welded in the vicinity of the opening 15.
  • the bag main body 1 1 By squeezing the opening 15 of the bag main body 1 1 1 and pushing it from the cut 14 into the holding hole 25, the bag main body 1 1 can be attached to the support in a state where the opening is closed.
  • Example 1 Comparative Example Sugar content Very sweet Very sweet Very sweet Slightly sweet Saturation Dark black purple Dark black purple Dark black purple Red purple Occurrence of burnt None at all None at all Partial burnt Extent of pest damage Not at all Not at all Not at all Slightly visible Observation workability Very good Very good Very good Very difficult to see
  • the agricultural product protection bag of the example achieved excellent results in any of the sugar content, the coloration degree, the occurrence of burning and the degree of pest damage, while In the case of paper bags, they were slightly inferior in terms of sugar content and coloration. In the example, no burning of the firewood occurs and no discoloration of the bag. In contrast to the case where the bag can be used as a packaging bag for goods as it is, in the case of the comparative example, a portion in contact with the inner surface of the upper bag The occurrence of heat-burning was not noticeable. The inside of the paper bag was subjected to a mechanical crack and turned to red brick, which was not ready for use as a product packaging bag.
  • the degree of nutrient transmission from the stem is almost the same in both the example and the comparative example, and the coloring of the fruit becomes darker as the light irradiation degree becomes higher, the color becomes darker, the sugar content becomes higher, and the surface is white. It was confirmed that the powder would blow.
  • the present invention is sufficiently applicable to agricultural products such as fruits, vegetables and flowers other than mulberry.
  • the agricultural product protection bag according to the present invention can completely prevent the infestation of pests into the bag and can prevent bird damage which birds bear on agricultural products.
  • by exchanging external air and air inside the bag through fine holes it prevents the heat burning of agricultural products, prevents the growth of mold and pathogens, improves the quality and reduces defective products. Therefore, since it is not necessary to provide a light shielding portion for preventing heat burning of agricultural products, it is possible to enhance the sunlight intensity, sugar content and coloring property. Installation of the bag is easy, and it is possible to observe the growing condition of the agricultural product from the outside with the bag attached and to select the harvest time, and the harvested agricultural product is not replaced with the packaging bag but it is not changed. Can be shipped in state.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Protection Of Plants (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Packging For Living Organisms, Food Or Medicinal Products That Are Sensitive To Environmental Conditiond (AREA)

Abstract

A farm product protecting bag adapted to be placed over a farm product, such as fruit, vegetable or flower, to protect it from diseases or harmful insects, wherein the bag contributes to improvement of quality, such as sugar content, color or external appearance of the farm product, the bag mounting efficiency being increased to facilitate quality control. The bag is in the form of a transparent or semitransparent and/or light-transmitting porous film of plastic material with at least part or all of the surface of the bag being air-permeable or gas-permeable and having many fine pores impermeable to water, the bag comprising a bag main body having an opening that opens in one direction, and an attaching section for attaching the bag main body to the support portion of the farm product, it being preferable that the diameter of the largest of the fine pores be in the range of 50 - 500 μm and that the void area percentage be in the range of 0.7 - 10%, the fine holes being through-holes or closed holes closed at one end, it being preferable that the surface formed with irregularities in the peripheral edges of the fine holes be directed to at least the inside of the bag.

Description

明 細 書 農産物保護用袋 技術分野  Product Description Bag for Agricultural Products Protection
本発明は、 葡萄や梨等の果実、 野菜及び花等の栽培中において、 農産 物に被せて病害虫等から保護する袋に関し、 詳細には通気性乃至ガス透 過性プラスチック製フィルムによって熱気による農産物の焼けを防止す るとともに袋の装着作業性を高めて品質管理が容易にでき、 農産物の糖 度、 色、 外観など品質の向上に寄与する農産物保護用袋に関する。 背景技術  The present invention relates to a bag which covers agricultural products and protects them from diseases and pests during cultivation of fruits such as persimmons and pears, vegetables and flowers, and more specifically, a product made of hot air by a film made of air-permeable or gas-permeable plastic. The present invention relates to a protective bag for agricultural products that can prevent burns and enhance the workability of bag installation to facilitate quality control and contribute to the improvement of quality such as sugar content, color and appearance of agricultural products. Background art
従来、 農産物、 例えば、 葡萄、 梨、 林檎、 桃、 その他の果実の栽培中 に果実を保護するために紙製の袋を使用していた。 しかし、 この紙製の 袋は水に濡れて破れないように、 パラフィンゃォレフイン系樹脂をコ一 ティングするなどの撥水加工が施されるために、 袋はガス透過性を失い. そのために外気との接触が遮断されて力ビゃ雑菌が繁殖する原因となる ばかりでなく、 特に夏場の暑い曰中には熱気が袋の内部に滞り、 この熱 気によって袋上方部と接触する果実の部分に焼けが発生する問題があつ た。  Traditionally, paper bags have been used to protect fruits during cultivation of agricultural products, such as persimmons, pears, apples, peaches and other fruits. However, the paper bag has a water-repellent finish such as coating with paraffin or alpha-olefin resin so that it does not break in water, so that the bag loses gas permeability. Not only does it stop the contact with the bacteria and cause bacteria to multiply, but especially in the hot summer months, the hot air stays inside the bag, and the part of the fruit comes in contact with the upper part of the bag by this heat. There was a problem that burning occurred.
また、 果実の成長過程において、 袋内部の果実の状態を観察しながら 果実の間引作業をするに当たり、 前記の紙製の袋は透明性に欠け、 袋内 部の果実を観察するために袋を破らなければならず手間がかかる。 そこ で、 紙製の袋の一部を透明フィルムにした袋があるが、 製造コス トが高 く且つ一方向から袋内部が観察できるように透明部を同一方向に向けて 装着するなどの不便があり広く普及するには至っていない。 また、 従来 の紙製の袋は鳥が嘴で啄むと容易に破れて果実が食い荒らされるので、 袋の上部を傘状のプラスチックフィルムで覆って鳥害から果実を保護し なければならず、 二重の手間を要し問題であった。 In addition, when thinning the fruit while observing the state of the fruit inside the bag during the fruit growth process, the paper bag described above lacks transparency, and the bag is used to observe the fruit inside the bag. It takes time and effort to break down. Therefore, there is a bag in which a part of paper bag is made of transparent film, but it is inconvenient such as wearing transparent part facing in the same direction so that the manufacturing cost is high and the inside of the bag can be observed from one direction. It has not reached widespread use. Also, Since paper bags made of paper are easily torn when the birds bite and eaten the fruits, the upper part of the bag must be covered with an umbrella-like plastic film to protect the fruits from bird damage, Was a problem.
更に、 前記の果実以外の農産物、 例えば、 トマ ト、 ミニ トマ ト、 キヤ べッ、 白菜、 アスパラガス等の野菜類、 その他えのき茸、 舞茸等のキノ コ類、 薔薇、 胡蝶蘭等の花卉類等の農産物は生育過程において害虫、 例 えばスリップス (T h r i p s ) と称する極小の害虫に花粉、 葉、 花、 果実ないし若枝を食される被害が多発して問題になっている。  In addition, agricultural products other than the fruits described above, for example, vegetables such as tomato, mini tomato, cabbage, Chinese cabbage, asparagus, etc., other edible mushrooms, quince such as maiko, flower buds of persimmon, phalaenopsis etc. Agricultural products such as species have become a problem due to multiple damage caused by eating pollen, leaves, flowers, fruits or shoots to small pests called pests (T hrips) during the growing process.
一方、 前記の紙製袋の代替え品と して、 透明乃至半透明のプラスチッ クフィルムに通気孔が設けられている袋体がある (特開平 1 0— 5 2 1 8 0号公報 (第 1一 4頁、 第 3図) ) 。 この発明にかかる袋体の開口部 側には遮光部並びに袋底部に通水口 (前記公報では通水孔と称す。 ) が 設けてあり、 本発明とは異なる。 前記公報記載の発明は、 通気孔の孔径 の大きさが所定の範囲を越えた場合には外部から水を透過する可能性が 充分にあり得ることから、 この内部に進入した水を排出するために袋の 底部に通水口を設たものと考えられる。 しかし、 この通水口から蟻や油 虫、 前記スリッブス等の害虫が進入する可能性があり問題であった。 発明の開示  On the other hand, as a substitute for the above-mentioned paper bag, there is a bag body in which an air hole is provided in a transparent or semi-transparent plastic film (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-520210) Page 14 (Fig. 3))). A light shielding portion is provided on the side of the opening of the bag according to the present invention, and a water flow port (referred to as a water flow hole in the above publication) is provided on the bottom of the bag, which differs from the present invention. According to the invention described in the above-mentioned publication, there is a possibility that water can permeate from the outside if the size of the hole diameter of the vent exceeds a predetermined range, so that the water entering the inside is discharged. It is considered that a water outlet is provided at the bottom of the bag. However, pests such as ants, oil insects, and the above-mentioned slips may enter from the water passage, which is a problem. Disclosure of the invention
前記の問題点を解消するために、 本発明者は鋭意研究し本発明に到達 した。 即ち、 袋本体に設ける微細孔は通気性ないしガス透過性で、 且つ. 水が通過しない大きさから構成されてなる。 従って、 開口部が密封され ている限リ袋内部に水が進入することがないので、 水抜き用の孔を設け る必要がなく、 よって水抜き用の孔から害虫が袋内に侵入する心配がな い。 また、 微細孔から空気を通過させて袋内部の空気を外気と入れ替え るには、 微細孔の密度及びその大きさと密接な関係があることを知見し. 農産物にとって最も好適な環境条件を創造する微細孔の孔径と空孔面積 率又は開孔率の範囲を設けた。 本発明は、 前記のような問題点を解消し. 特に、 無農薬栽培ないし減農薬栽培においては農産物の育成保護効果が 顕著であり、 果実の品質、 収率及び作業性の向上に寄与する農産物保護 用袋を提供することを目的とする。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors diligently studied and reached the present invention. That is, the micropores provided in the bag body are air-permeable or gas-permeable, and have a size that water does not pass through. Therefore, since water does not enter into the interior of the bag as long as the opening is sealed, there is no need to provide a draining hole, and thus there is a concern that pests may penetrate into the bag through the draining hole. There is no Also, in order to allow air to pass through the pores and replace the air inside the bag with the outside air, it was found that there is a close relationship with the density and size of the pores. A range of pore size and pore area ratio or open area ratio was established to create the most suitable environmental conditions for agricultural products. The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems. Especially, in agricultural chemicals-less cultivation or reduced agricultural chemicals cultivation, the growing and protecting effect of agricultural products is remarkable, and the agricultural products which contribute to the improvement of fruit quality, yield and workability. The purpose is to provide a protective bag.
課題を解決するための手段  Means to solve the problem
前記の課題を解決するために、 本発明は、 果実、 野菜及び花等の農産 物を栽培する過程において前記農産物に被せて保護するための袋であつ て、 前記の袋は、 少なく とも一方に開口する開口部を有し、 少なく とも 袋の一部 (開口部側の部分を含む) 乃至袋全面に多数の通気性乃至ガス 透過性且つ非透水性の微細孔を備え、 透明乃至半透明又は Z及び光透過 性のプラスチック製有孔フィルムからなることを特徴とする農産物保護 用袋とする (請求項 1 ) 。  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention relates to a bag for covering and protecting the agricultural products in the process of cultivating agricultural products such as fruits, vegetables and flowers, and the bag comprises at least one bag. It has an opening, and at least a part of the bag (including the part on the opening side) to the entire surface of the bag is provided with a large number of breathable to gas-permeable and water-impermeable micropores, transparent to semitransparent, or An agricultural product protection bag is characterized in that it comprises a perforated film made of Z and a light transmitting plastic (Claim 1).
また、 本発明において、 「通気性乃至ガス透過性且つ非透水性の微細 孔」 とは、 「農産物保護用袋を概ね通常の状態で使用した場合において, 少なく とも空気を透過するが、 水は透過しない微細孔」 を意味し、 前記 以外の特別な条件下で仮に水が進入したと しても、 これを理由に係る農 産物保護用袋を本発明から除外する趣旨ではない。 Furthermore, in the present invention, “air-permeable or gas-permeable and non-permeable micropores” means “at least air can be transmitted when the agricultural product protection bag is used in a generally normal state, but water is It means a non-permeable micropore, and even if water enters under special conditions other than the above, it is not intended to exclude from the present invention a bag for protecting agricultural products according to the reason.
また、 前記の課題を解決するために、 本発明は、 果実、 野菜及び花等 の農産物を栽培する過程において前記農産物に被せて保護するための袋 であって、 前記の袋は、 少なく とも一方に開口する開口部を有し、 少な く とも袋の一部 (開口部側の部分を含む) 乃至袋全面に多数の通気性乃 至ガス透過性且つ非透水性の微細孔を備え、 透明乃至半透明又は 及び 光透過性のプラスチック製有孔フィルムからなる袋本体と、 前記の袋本 体を前記農産物の支持部 (支持枝部を含む) に取着するための取着部と, を備えたことを特徴とする農産物保護用袋とする (請求項 2 ) 。 また、 前記の課題を解決するために、 本発明は、 果実、 野菜及び花等 の農産物を栽培する過程において前記農産物に被せて保護するための袋 であって、 前記の袋は、 少なく とも一方に開口する開口部を有し、 ブラ スチック製のフィルムからなる多重袋によって構成され、 前記多重袋の 何れもが少なく とも袋の一部 (開口部側の部分を含む) 乃至袋全面に多 数の通気性乃至ガス透過性且つ非透水性の微細孔を備えてなることを特 徴とする農産物保護用袋とする (請求項 3 ) 。 Further, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention is a bag for covering and protecting the agricultural products in the process of cultivating agricultural products such as fruits, vegetables and flowers, and the bag is at least one. And at least part of the bag (including the part on the side of the opening) to the entire surface of the bag are provided with a large number of gas-permeable and non-water-permeable micropores, and the transparent A bag body made of a translucent or light-transmissive plastic apertured film; and an attachment portion for attaching the above-mentioned bag body to a support portion (including a support branch portion) of the agricultural product. It is set as the agricultural product protection bag characterized by the above (Claim 2). Further, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention is a bag for covering and protecting the agricultural products in the process of cultivating agricultural products such as fruits, vegetables and flowers, and the bag is at least one. The multi-bag is made of plastic film and has at least one part of the bag (including the part on the side of the opening) to the entire bag surface. It is characterized in that it is characterized in that it comprises fine pores of air-permeability to gas-permeability and non-permeability.
また、 前記の課題を解決するために、 本発明は、 果実、 野菜及び花等 の農産物を栽培する過程において前記農産物に被せて保護するための袋 であって、 前記の袋は、 少なく とも一方に開口する開口部を有し、 ブラ スチック製のフィルムからなる多重袋によって構成され、 前記多重袋の 何れもが少なく とも袋の一部 (開口部側の部分を含む) 乃至袋全面に多 数の通気性乃至ガス透過性且つ非透水性の微細孔を備えてなる袋本体と, 前記の袋本体を前記農産物の支持部 (支持枝部を含む) に取着するため の取着部と、 を備えたことを特徴とする農産物保護用袋とする (請求項 Further, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention is a bag for covering and protecting the agricultural products in the process of cultivating agricultural products such as fruits, vegetables and flowers, and the bag is at least one. The multi-bag is made of plastic film and has at least one part of the bag (including the part on the side of the opening) to the entire bag surface. A bag body comprising air-permeable or gas-permeable and non-water-permeable micropores, and an attachment portion for attaching the bag body to a support portion (including a support branch portion) of the agricultural product; The product protection bag is characterized in that
4 ) 。 Four ) .
また、 前記の課題を解決するために、 本発明は、 前記プラスチック製 フィルムに設けられた微細孔は、 最大部の孔径が 5 0〜 5 0 0 ju mの範 囲内で、 且つ、 空孔面積率が 0 . 7〜 1 0 %の範囲内であることを特徴 とする請求項 1 ~ 4の何れかに記載の農産物保護用袋とすることが好ま しい (請求項 5 ) 。  In addition, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the present invention, the micropores provided in the plastic film have a maximum pore diameter in the range of 50 to 500 jum and a pore area 5. The agricultural product protection bag according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the rate is in the range of 0.7 to 10% (claim 5).
また、 前記の課題を解決するために、 本発明は、 請求項 1 〜 4記載の 微細孔を有するプラスチック製フィル厶は、 片面乃至両面における微細 孔の周縁に凸部が形成されておリ、 前記凸部が形成されてなる何れかの 面を袋本体の内側に向けて構成されてなることを特徴とする農産物保護 用袋とすることが好ましい (請求項 6 ) 。 また、 前記の課題を解決するために、 本発明は、 前記微細孔はプラス チック製フィルムの何れか一面から他面に向けて貫通させた貫通孔、 又 は他面の表面近傍の極薄膜部を除き厚み方向に穿孔して前記の極薄膜部 によって一端が閉塞されてなる閉塞孔、 の何れかであることを特徴とす る請求項 1 〜 4の何れかに記載の農産物保護用袋とすることが好ましい (請求項 7 ) 。 Further, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the present invention, in the plastic filling rod having the micropores according to claims 1 to 4, convex parts are formed on the periphery of the micropores on one side or both sides, It is preferable that the product protection bag is characterized in that any surface formed with the convex portion is directed toward the inside of the bag body. Further, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the present invention, the fine holes may be through holes which are penetrated from one surface to the other surface of the plastic film, or an extremely thin film portion near the surface of the other surface. The agricultural product protection bag according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is a closed hole which is perforated in the thickness direction except for and closed at one end by the above-mentioned ultra thin film portion. It is preferable to do (claim 7).
また、 前記の課題を解決するために、 本発明は、 前記農産物保護用袋 を構成するプラスチック製のフィルムは、 太陽光の中で農産物の着色、 糖度乃至生育を増進する波長の光線を選択的に透過することを特徴とす る請求項 1 〜 4の何れかに記載の農産物保護用袋とすることが好ましい (請求項 8 ) 。  In addition, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is characterized in that the plastic film constituting the agricultural product protective bag is selected from light of wavelength which promotes coloring of agricultural products, sugar content or growth in sunlight. It is preferable to use the bag for agricultural product protection according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is transparent to (1) or (2).
また、 前記の課題を解決するために、 本発明は、 前記袋を構成するプ ラスチック製のフィルムは、 生分解性フィルム、 紫外線吸収性フィルム. 抗菌乃至殺菌フィルム、 マイナスイオン発生フイルム、 遠赤外線発生フ イルム及び消臭乃至芳香性フィルムの中から選ばれる少なく とも一種の 機能性フィルムからなることを特徴とする請求項 1 〜 4の何れかに記載 の農産物保護用袋とすることが好ましい (請求項 9 ) 。  Further, in order to solve the above problems, according to the present invention, the plastic film constituting the bag is a biodegradable film, an ultraviolet absorbing film, an antibacterial or sterilizing film, a negative ion generating film, a far infrared ray generation 5. The agricultural product protection bag according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises at least one functional film selected from a film and a deodorant or aromatic film. Section 9).
また、 前記の課題を解決するために、 本発明は、 請求項 2又は 4記載 の農産物保護用袋において、 前記の取着部が袋本体の一部から構成され てなるか又は袋本体とは別に構成される取着部を袋本体に固着してなる ことを特徴とする農産物保護用袋とすることが好ましい (請求項 1 0 ) < 作用  Furthermore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides the agricultural product protection bag according to any one of claims 2 or 4, wherein the attachment portion is formed of a part of the bag main body or the bag main body. It is preferable that the product protection bag is characterized in that the attachment portion configured separately is fixed to the bag body.
本発明に係る農産物保護用袋は、 前記のような微細孔を有するプラス チック製のフィルムからなり、 鳥類の嘴による啄みに対しても破れず、 蟻、 油虫、 ナメクジ、 かめ虫、 スリ ップス等の害虫の進入を完全に阻止 する。 また、 非透水性であり、 雨水や液状の農薬の袋内への進入を防止 するので、 水抜き用の通水口を設ける必要もなく、 従ってその通水口か ら害虫が進入する懸念もない。 万が一、 台風など強風下で袋内に雨水が 進入しても、 この微細孔は通気性を有するので、 袋内の雨水は気化し、 微細孔から蒸散する。 そして、 微細孔を介して袋内の空気と外気が自由 に入れ替わるので、 日中は袋内の熱気を排除して袋内の温度分布を均一 化し果実の焼けを防止するとともに、 夜は袋外の冷気を袋内に導き、 袋 内の状態を自然の雰囲気に近づけることとなる。 このようにして、 袋内 の昼夜の寒暖の差が大きくなり、 果実の糖度を増して品質を向上する。 更に、 袋本体は光透過性なので太陽光を自然の状態で取リ入れることに よって、 農産物の着色度を増して太陽光のもとで栽培したと同様に着色 性に優れた外観を呈する。 The agricultural product protection bag according to the present invention is made of the plastic film having fine pores as described above, and it is not broken against itching due to bird's beak, and ant, oil bug, slug, moth and slips Completely prevent the infestation of insects and other insects. In addition, it is impermeable and prevents rainwater and liquid pesticides from entering the bag Therefore, there is no need to provide a drain for drainage, and therefore there is no concern that pests will enter from the drain. Even if rainwater enters the bag under strong wind such as a typhoon, the fine holes are breathable, so the rainwater in the bag is vaporized and evaporates from the fine holes. And, since the air inside the bag and the air inside the bag are freely exchanged through the fine holes, the hot air inside the bag is eliminated during the day to equalize the temperature distribution in the bag and to prevent the burning of the fruit, and at night the outside of the bag The cold air is introduced into the bag to bring the condition inside the bag closer to the natural atmosphere. In this way, the difference between the day and night temperature in the bag is increased, and the sugar content of the fruit is increased to improve the quality. Furthermore, since the bag body is transparent to light, by taking in sunlight in a natural state, the degree of coloration of agricultural products is increased to give an appearance with excellent colorability as with cultivation under sunlight.
また、 本発明に係る農産物保護用多重袋、 特に二重袋によって構成し たものは、 内側の袋が太陽光を透過乃至は特定の波長の太陽光のみを選 択的に透過する透明乃至半透明又は 及び光透過性フィル厶からなリ、 前記二重袋のうちの外側の袋は太陽光を遮断し乃至は一部を遮断する遮 光性フィルムで構成し、 例えば林檎保護用袋の場合は、 果実の生育初期 の段階で前期二重袋を果実に装着して太陽光を遮断した状態にし、 果実 がある程度生育した段階で、 内袋を残して外袋を取り外すことによって. 透明な内袋を透過した太陽光が果実に照射されて赤く着色することがで きる。 また、 果実の赤色系色素を増大するように赤系波長の光線を透過 し易くするために、 内袋に透明性の有機系赤色顔料を添加することが好 ましい。 或いは二重袋を農産物の生育期に被せ、 農産物の収穫後に、 外 側の袋を取り除いて内側の袋を商品包装用袋と して使用してもよく、 二 重袋に限定されず、 必要に応じ 3枚以上の多重袋に構成してもよい。 また、 本発明に係る農産物保護用袋は、 微細孔の最大部の孔径を 5 0 〜 5 0 0 mの範囲内に設定することができるので通気性乃至ガス透過 性且つ非透水性でスリ ップス (T h r i p s ) の様な極小の小さな害虫 であっても進入を阻止することが可能となる。 更に、 微細孔の孔径の最 大値と空孔面積率の最低値を定めただけでは孔径が必要以上に小さくて 通気量が不充分な場合を考慮して、 よリ充分な通気量を確保するために. 微細孔の最大部の孔径の範囲を前記のように定めるとともに空孔面積率 を 0 . 7〜 1 0 %の範囲内に定めたのである。 ここで、 空孔面積率とは, 単位面積当たリの合計空孔面積の百分率で表される数値を言う。 Further, in the multi-bag for agricultural product protection according to the present invention, in particular, the one constituted by the double bag, a transparent or semi-transparent bag in which the inner bag transmits sunlight or selectively transmits only sunlight of a specific wavelength. In the case of an apple protective bag, the outer bag of the double bag is made of a light shielding film for blocking sunlight or partially blocking sunlight. In the early stage of fruit development, the former double bag is attached to the fruit in the early growth stage of the fruit to keep sunlight blocked, and when the fruit has grown to a certain degree, leave the inner bag and remove the outer bag. The sunlight transmitted through the bag can be applied to the fruit to make it red. Further, it is preferable to add a transparent organic red pigment to the inner bag in order to make it easy to transmit light of red wavelength so as to increase the red pigment of the fruit. Alternatively, a double bag may be placed during the growing season of the produce, and after harvesting the produce, the outer bag may be removed and the inner bag may be used as a product packaging bag. Depending on the situation, three or more multiple bags may be configured. In the agricultural product protection bag according to the present invention, since the pore diameter of the largest part of the micropores can be set in the range of 50 to 500 m, air permeability or gas permeation can be achieved. Even small tiny pests like sexual and impermeable and slips (T hrips) can prevent entry. Furthermore, in consideration of the case where the pore size is smaller than necessary and the air permeability is insufficient only by determining the maximum value of the pore size of the micropores and the minimum value of the pore area ratio, a sufficient air permeability is secured. In order to achieve this, the range of the pore size of the largest part of the micropores was determined as described above, and the area fraction of pores was determined within the range of 0.7% to 10%. Here, the vacancy area ratio means a numerical value expressed as a percentage of the total vacancy area per unit area.
また、 本発明に係る農産物保護用袋は、 フィルムの片面乃至両面にお ける微細孔の周縁に凸部が形成され、 該凸面のいずれか側面を袋本体の 内側にして構成することができるので、 前記の凸部が果実等の表面に点 接触する (第 5図) 。 従来の凸部の無い単なる有効フィルムの場合は、 フィルムが果実等の表面に隙間無く密着するので空気の通過が妨げられ. 熱気による焼けの原因となっていた。 この熱焼けを防止するために遮光 部を設けていたが、 太陽光を遮ることによって着色性と糖度低下をきた す欠点があった。 本発明の場合は、 この凸部と果実等の接触部との隙間 を介して微細孔から空気流が通過して熱気を外部に放出することによつ て熱焼けを防止し、 よって遮光部を設ける必要もないので着色性と糖度 を増す作用をなす。 更に、 袋本体の内面においては対向するフィルムの 凸面同士または凸面と平面が接触し、 平面同士が接するものに比較して フィルムのベタツキが防止され、 開封し易くなるので袋掛け作業の能率 を向上する作用をなす。  Further, in the agricultural product protection bag according to the present invention, a convex portion is formed on the periphery of the micropores on one side or both sides of the film, and any side of the convex surface can be formed inside the bag body. The above-mentioned convex portions make point contact with the surface of fruit etc. (FIG. 5). In the case of a conventional simple efficacious film without projections, the film adheres tightly to the surface of fruits and the like, so that the passage of air is blocked. This is a cause of scorching by hot air. A light shield was provided to prevent this heat burn, but there was a defect that the colorability and sugar content decreased by blocking the sunlight. In the case of the present invention, the air flow passes from the fine holes through the gap between the convex portion and the contact portion such as a fruit and the like, and the heat is discharged to the outside to thereby prevent the heat burning, thereby preventing the light shielding portion. It does not need to be added, so it acts to increase coloring and sugar content. Furthermore, in the inner surface of the bag body, the convex surfaces of the opposing films or the convex surface and the flat surface are in contact, and compared with those in which the flat surfaces are in contact, stickiness of the film is prevented and the bag opening operation is facilitated. Act as
また、 フィルムの片面乃至両面における微細孔の周縁に凸部が形成さ れており、 前記凸部が形成されたフィルム面を袋本体の内側に向けて構 成された袋は、 前記フィル厶面の凸部と果実等の接触部との隙間によつ て、 雨水等の水滴が微細孔を通して袋内部に進入する毛細管現象に起因 する所謂導水力を抑制して、 フィルムの非透水性能をより向上する。 併 せて微細孔からの空気流も増大するので、 熱気を外部に放出する作用が より向上することとなる。 Moreover, a convex part is formed in the periphery of the minute hole in one side or both sides of a film, and the bag constituted so that the film side in which the convex part was formed was turned to the inside of the bag main body The gap between the convex part and the contact part such as fruit prevents so-called water transfer caused by the capillary phenomenon in which water droplets such as rainwater enter the inside of the bag through the fine holes, thereby making the film non-permeable property more improves. Both Since the air flow from the fine holes is also increased, the action of releasing the hot air to the outside is further improved.
また、 本発明に係る農産物保護用袋は、 閉塞孔からなる有孔フィルム とすることができ、 微細孔の一端の閉塞された極薄膜部を通じて空気を 透過することが可能となリ、 害虫の進入は言うまでもなく病原菌の進入 をも阻止する可能性がある。  In addition, the agricultural product protection bag according to the present invention can be a perforated film comprising a closed hole, and it is possible to transmit air through the closed very thin film part at one end of the minute hole, or pest Entry may, of course, also block the entry of pathogens.
また、 本発明に係る農産物保護用袋は、 果実等の着色を増進する太陽 光の波長を選択的に透過する着色材ゃ紫外線吸収剤等の添加剤を加える ことができ、 例えば、 葡萄の黒紫色の色素を増殖する透明の有機系着色 材を添加することによって、 色を濃く着色し、 糖度を増すことも可能と なる。  Further, the agricultural product protection bag according to the present invention can be added with an additive such as a coloring material or an ultraviolet light absorber which selectively transmits the wavelength of the sunlight which promotes coloring of fruits and the like, for example, black By adding a transparent organic coloring material that propagates a purple pigment, it is possible to make the color darker and to increase the sugar content.
また、 本発明に係る農産物保護用袋は、 前記のような様々な機能性フ イルムを使用することによって、 農産物の生育を促進し価値をよリ高め ることができる。  In addition, the agricultural product protective bag according to the present invention can promote the growth of agricultural products and further enhance the value by using various functional films as described above.
また、 本発明に係る農産物保護用袋は、 袋を被着体の支持部に取着す るための取着部を備え、 この取着部が袋本体の一部から構成されてなる か又は袋本体とは別に構成される取着部を袋本体に固着することができ るので、 袋を取着する作業を容易にする。 このように取着部が袋に固着 され、 乃至は袋の一部と して構成することによって、 一々取着部を取り 出す手間が省けて袋の取付け作業が容易になり、 且つ袋を支持部に強固 に取リ付けることができる。 取着部の具体例については後述する。 図面の簡単な説明  In addition, the agricultural product protection bag according to the present invention includes an attachment portion for attaching the bag to the support portion of the adherend, and the attachment portion is formed of a part of the bag body or Since the attachment part configured separately from the bag body can be fixed to the bag body, the work of attaching the bag is facilitated. By thus fixing the attachment portion to the bag or configuring it as a part of the bag, it is possible to save the trouble of removing the attachment portion one by one, and it becomes easy to attach the bag and support the bag. It can be attached firmly to the department. Specific examples of the attachment unit will be described later. Brief description of the drawings
第 1 図は粘着剤を取着部に使用した実施例に係る農産物保護用袋を例 示した斜視図である。  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of an agricultural product protection bag according to an embodiment in which an adhesive is used in the attachment portion.
第 2図は粘着剤を取着部に使用した実施例に係る農産物保護用袋を使 用した状態を示した斜視図である。 Fig. 2 shows a bag for protecting agricultural products according to an embodiment in which an adhesive is used in the attachment portion. It is the perspective view which showed the state used.
第 3図は針金を取着部に使用した実施例に係る農産物保護用袋を例示 した斜視図である。  FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating the agricultural product protection bag according to the embodiment in which a wire is used for the attachment portion.
第 4図は針金を取着部に使用した実施例に係る農産物保護用袋を使用 した状態を示した斜視図である。  FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state of using the agricultural product protection bag according to the embodiment in which a wire is used for the attachment portion.
第 5図は実施例に係る農産物保護用袋と果実の接触面の状態を示す説 明図である。  FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the state of the contact surface between the agricultural product protection bag and the fruit according to the example.
第 6図は針金を取着部に使用した他の実施例に係る農産物保護用袋を 例示した斜視図である。  FIG. 6 is a perspective view illustrating a product protection bag according to another embodiment in which a wire is used for the attachment portion.
第 7図は帯状取着部の両端部を袋本体の両側面に溶着した実施例に係 る農産物保護用袋を例示した平面図である。  FIG. 7 is a plan view illustrating the agricultural product protection bag according to the embodiment in which both end portions of the belt-shaped attachment portion are welded to both side surfaces of the bag body.
第 8図は袋本体の一部を切リ込んで帯状の取着部と した実施例に係る 農産物保護用袋を例示した斜視図である。  FIG. 8 is a perspective view illustrating the agricultural product protection bag according to the embodiment in which a part of the bag body is cut into a band-like attachment portion.
第 9図は小片からなる取着部とこの取着部を袋本体の開口部の近傍に 溶着した状態を例示した平面図である。 発明の実施の形態  FIG. 9 is a plan view illustrating a mounting portion made of small pieces and a state in which this mounting portion is welded near the opening of the bag body. Embodiment of the Invention
以下に本発明の代表的な実施の形態について図に基づいて説明する。 しかしながら、 本願発明はかかる実施の形態によって限定されるもので はない。  Hereinafter, representative embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited by the embodiments.
実施例  Example
図 1 〜 4に示す実施例において、 1 は農産物保護用袋であり、 1 1 は 袋本体であり、 1 2は取着部であり、 1 3は微細孔であり、 1 4は切り 込みである。 袋本体 1 1 は、 透明乃至半透明のプラスチック製の有孔フ イルムからなり、 ほぼ全面に多数の通気性乃至ガス透過性且つ非透水性 の微細孔 1 3を穿設してある。 前記の図では開口部 1 5側の一部に微細孔が設けてあるが、 微細孔 1 3を袋の全面に設けてもよい。 そして袋内部の温度を考慮して適宜微細 孔を設ける範囲を決定できる。 袋内の熱気は上方部に上昇する傾向にあ リ、 この熱気を効率よく外部に排出するために、 通常、 袋を、 開口部 1 5を上向きにして装着する場合は、 袋の上方部に空気が抜けやすいよう に少なく とも袋の開口部 1 5近辺に微細孔 1 3を設け、 或いは、 微細孔 1 3は、 その孔径、 孔密度又は空孔面積率を大きく して通気効率を高め るように配設することが好ましい。 即ち、 袋を装着する向きに応じて、 例えば、 袋の開口部近辺、 袋の底部近辺、 或いは袋の中間部近辺等、 微 細孔 1 3が配設される袋の部位によって微細孔 1 3の孔径、 孔密度又は 空孔面積率等を適宜変えて配設することができる。 In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, 1 is a bag for agricultural product protection, 1 1 is a bag body, 12 is an attachment portion, 13 is a fine hole, and 14 is a cut. is there. The bag body 1 1 is made of a transparent or translucent plastic perforated film, and a large number of air-permeable to gas-permeable and non-water-permeable micropores 13 are formed on almost the entire surface. Although micro holes are provided in a part of the opening 15 side in the above-mentioned figure, the micro holes 13 may be provided on the entire surface of the bag. And the range in which the fine holes are provided can be determined appropriately in consideration of the temperature inside the bag. The hot air in the bag tends to rise upward, and in order to expel the hot air to the outside, the bag is usually attached to the upper part of the bag when the bag is mounted with the opening 15 facing upward. To make it easy for air to escape, provide micropores 13 at least near the opening 15 of the bag, or increase the pore size, pore density or area fraction of pores to increase the ventilation efficiency. It is preferable to arrange as follows. That is, depending on the direction in which the bag is attached, for example, the vicinity of the opening of the bag, the vicinity of the bottom of the bag, or the middle of the bag, etc. The pore diameter, pore density, pore area ratio, etc. can be changed as appropriate.
プラスチック製フィルムの素材は特に限定されるものではないが、 例 えば、 ポリプロピレン ( P P) フィルム、 二軸延伸ポリプロピレン (O P P) フィルム、 ポリエチレン ( P E) フィルム、 一般用ポリスチレン ( G P - P S ) フィルム、 耐衝撃性ポリスチレン (H I — P S ) フィル ム、 二軸延伸ポリスチレン (O P S) フィルム、 ポリエステル ( P E T ) フィルム、 ポリカーボネート ( P C) フィルム、 ポリ ビニルアルコ ール ( P V A) フィルム、 ポリ塩化ビニル ( P V C) フィルム、 アイォ ノマーフィルム、 セルロース系プラスチックフィルム、 熱可塑性エラス トマーフィルム等から使用目的に応じて選択することができる。 更に、 前記単一フィルムの他に共押出しフィルムゃ接着用樹脂層を介した ドラ イラミネーション又はサン ドラミネーションで貼リ合わせた多層フィル ムであってもよい。  The material of the plastic film is not particularly limited. For example, polypropylene (PP) film, biaxially oriented polypropylene (OPP) film, polyethylene (PE) film, polystyrene for general use (GP-PS) film, resistance to High Impact Polystyrene (HI — PS) Film, Biaxially Oriented Polystyrene (OPS) Film, Polyester (PET) Film, Polycarbonate (PC) Film, Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Film, Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Film, Io It can be selected from nomer film, cellulose plastic film, thermoplastic elastomer film, etc. according to the purpose of use. Furthermore, in addition to the single film, a multilayer film laminated by lamination or sand lamination through a resin layer for coextrusion film or adhesive may be used.
また、 微生物によって分解する、 例えば澱粉ゃデキス トリン、 その他 の生分解性樹脂を主原料と したフィルムとすることもでき、 特定の紫外 線を吸収する紫外線吸収剤、 例えば銀や銅等の金属粉からなる抗菌剤乃 W In addition, it can be a film that is degraded by microorganisms, for example, starch or dextran, or other biodegradable resin as the main raw material, and UV absorbers that absorb specific UV radiation, such as metal powders such as silver and copper. Antibacterial agent W
11 至殺菌剤、 マイナスイオン乃至遠赤外線を発生するセラミック粉、 花崗 岩粉乃至カーボン粉 (例えば木炭等) 及び消臭剤乃至芳香剤の中から選 ばれる少なく とも一種を添加し又は塗布し或いは袋中に内填することに よって、 前記のような様々な機能を達成することができる。 11) Add or apply at least one selected from disinfectant, ceramic powder that generates negative ion to far infrared, granite powder to carbon powder (eg charcoal etc.) and deodorant or fragrance By filling in the bag, various functions as described above can be achieved.
前記微細孔の最大部の孔径が 5 0 / m、 好ましくは 7 0 m以上あれ ばガス透過性が確保できる反面、 5 0 0 mを越えると透水性を生じる 可能性があリ、 而して、 微細孔の孔径は、 5 0〜 5 0 0 j« m、 好ましく は 7 0〜 4 0 0〃 m、 特に好ましくは 9 0〜 2 0 0 mの範囲がよい。 本実施例においては、 表 1 に記載した 2 5 μ m厚の透明 O P Pフィルム による 3種類の有効フィルムについて実験を行った。  While the gas permeability can be secured if the diameter of the largest part of the micropores is 50 / m, preferably 70 m or more, water permeability may occur if it exceeds 500 m. The pore size of the micropores is preferably in the range of 50 to 500 jm, preferably 70 to 400, and particularly preferably 90 to 200 m. In this example, experiments were conducted on three types of effective films made of the 25 μm thick transparent OP film described in Table 1.
表 1 実施例 1 実施例 2 実施例 3 孔の形状 円 形 円 形 円 形 孔数 ( m 2) 1, 786, 000 890, 000 620, 000 平均孔径 ( i m) 1 0 0 200〜300 350〜450 空孔面積率 (%) 1 . 4. 4 7 . 8 Table 1 Example 1 Example 2 Hole shape Circle shape Circle shape Circle shape Number of holes (m 2 ) 1, 786, 000 890, 000 620, 000 Average pore diameter (im) 1 0 0 200 300 350 450 hole area ratio (%) 1. 4. 4 7 8. 8
有効フィルムの製造方法としては例えば、 ポリオレフイン系プラスチ ックフィルムを、 フィルムの融点 (約 2 0 0 °C) 以上に加熱した熱針を 植えた駆動ロール又は突起を備えたエンボスロールとバックアップロー ルの間 (所定のギャップに設定されている) に挟持し、 ライン速度で同 調させつつ多数の微細孔を溶融穿孔する。 この溶融穿孔の際に、 フィル ム片面における孔の周縁に溶融樹脂溜まリによる比較的高い凸部が形成 され、 反対面側に比較的低い凸部が形成される。 本実施例ではこの比較 的高い凸部が形成された面を袋の内側になるようにして 2枚のフィルム を重ねて、 開口部を除いて周囲を溶着切断 (溶断) して袋を形成する。 前記の多重袋は重合する枚数の倍の枚数のフィルム、 例えば、 前記の 林檎用二重袋は、 透明性有孔フィルム 2枚を重ねて、 その外側に遮光性 有孔フィルムをそれぞれ 1 枚ずつ合計 4枚を重ねて、 前記と同様に周囲 を溶断して袋を形成できる。 有孔フィルムは、 前記のようなシングルフ イルム以外に、 複数枚のフィルムを重ねて熱針等で貫通穿孔して、 この 貫通孔の周囲が融着して複数枚のフィルムが相互に点状に接合された重 合フィルムも含まれる。 後者の重合フィルムはそれぞれのフイルムを手 で引っ張るだけで容易に各シングルフィルムに剥離できる。 As a method of producing an effective film, for example, between an embossing roll and a backup roll provided with a drive roll or a projection having a hot needle heated to a melting point (about 200 ° C.) or more of a polyolefin-based plastic film. Hold it in a predetermined gap (set at a predetermined gap) and melt-perforate a large number of fine holes while adjusting the line speed. At the time of the melting and perforating, a relatively high convex portion is formed by the molten resin reservoir around the hole on one surface of the film, and a relatively low convex portion is formed on the opposite surface side. This comparison in the present embodiment The two films are stacked so that the surface on which the high convex portion is formed is on the inside of the bag, and welding cutting (fusion cutting) around the periphery excluding the opening forms the bag. The above-mentioned multi-layer bag is twice as many as the number of films to be polymerized, for example, the above-mentioned double bag for apple is made of two transparent perforated films, and one light-shielding perforated film on the outside of each. A total of four sheets can be stacked, and the periphery can be fused in the same manner as described above to form a bag. In addition to the single film as described above, the perforated film is formed by overlapping a plurality of films and perforating them with a heating needle or the like, and the periphery of the through holes are fused to form a plurality of films point to each other. Also included are bonded films bonded to The latter polymer films can be easily peeled off to each single film by simply pulling each film by hand.
穿孔方法は前記の熱針を使用する以外に、 プラスチック製フィルムの 何れかの一面から他面に向けて微粉鉱石を高速で飛ばす穿孔方法、 レー ザ一光で穿孔する方法、 多数の貫通孔を有する円筒状ロールの表面にフ イルムを連続して沿わせて、 該フィルムを加熱して内側から吸引し、 円 筒状ロールの内面に沿って吸引されたフィルム部を切断して穿孔する方 法、 前記の円筒状ロールに設けた貫通孔の内側から加熱ガス等を噴出し て穿孔する方法、 多数の窪みを備えた円筒状ロールの表面にフィルムを 連続して沿わせ、 該フィルムの表面をガスバーナー火炎等で加熱し、 前 記の窪み部分に当接したフィルムが内部応力を受けて収縮することによ つて穿孔する方法等があり、 本発明の有孔フィルムは、 あらゆる穿孔方 法によって製造されたフィルムを包含するものであり、 穿孔方法や製袋 方法によっていかなる限定を受けるものではない。  In addition to the use of the above-described heat needle, the perforation method is a perforation method in which the fine powder ore is blown at high speed from any one surface of the plastic film to the other surface, a method of perforation by laser one light, a large number of through holes The film is continuously put along the surface of the cylindrical roll having the film, and the film is heated and suctioned from the inside, and the film section sucked along the inner surface of the cylindrical roll is cut and perforated. A method of injecting a heating gas or the like from the inside of the through hole provided in the cylindrical roll and forming a hole, continuously putting a film on the surface of the cylindrical roll provided with a large number of depressions, the surface of the film There is a method such as heating by a gas burner flame, etc. and perforating the film in contact with the above-mentioned depressed portion by receiving internal stress and shrinking, and the perforated film of the present invention can be formed by any perforation method. Manufacturing It is intended to encompass the film, not intended to be any limitation by drilling method and bag-making method.
また、 極薄膜部によって一端が閉塞されてなる閉塞孔を有するフィル ムは、 本出願人が先に出願した特願 2 0 0 2— 2 2 0 7 2 2号の発明と ほぼ同様にして製造することができる。 例えば、 ガス透過性の比較的大 きなポリスチレン層を外側にして、 ポリエチレン層、 ヒートシール性ポ リエステル層の順に接着用樹脂層を介した ドライラミネーシヨン乃至 P Eでのサン ドラミネーシヨンによる積層フィルム (各層の厚みが順に 5 0、 2 5、 2 5 m ) を用い、 この積層フィルムを表面に熱針を植えた 駆動ロールとバックアップロールの間 (所定のギヤップに設定されてい る) に、 フイルムの内側 (ポリエステル層) 面を熱針に向けて挟持し、 ライン速度で同調させつつフィルムの外側 (ポリスチレン層) 表面近傍 に約 5 μ mの極薄膜部を残して無数の微細孔を溶融穿孔することができ る。 Also, a film having a closed hole in which one end is closed by an extremely thin film portion is manufactured in substantially the same manner as the invention of Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-0220272 filed by the present applicant. can do. For example, a polyethylene layer, a heat-sealable sheet, with a relatively gas-permeable polystyrene layer on the outside Using the lamination film by dry lamination or PE lamination with resin layer for adhesion in the order of the polyester layer (the thickness of each layer is 50, 25 and 25 m in order) Hold the inner (polyester layer) side of the film against the hot needle between the drive roll and the backup roll on which the hot needle is planted (set to the predetermined gap), and adjust the line speed to the outside of the film. (Polystyrene layer) Innumerable micropores can be melt-perforated leaving an extremely thin film portion of about 5 μm in the vicinity of the surface.
熱針の温度はフィルムの融点 (約 2 0 0 °C ) 以上に設定されるが、 ラ ィンスピー ドとの関係で適宜温度にコン トロールすることが好ましい。 前記のいわゆる熱針ロールはフイルムが当接するロールのほぼ全面に針 を植えてヒーターで熱したものであるが、 この他にロールの表面に無数 の突起を形成したいわゆる突起絞ロールを用いることもできる。 このよ うにして、 外側フィルム表面近傍の約 5 μ mの極薄膜部によって閉塞さ れた直径約 0 . 4 m mで約 0 . 7 m m間隔で穿孔された無数の微細孔が 散在する透明なガス透過性フィルムを得ることができる。 極薄膜部の膜 厚はロール間のギャップ、 フィルムの加工速度、 フィルムの融点乃至加 ェ温度の相関関係によって決まり、 実際にはフィルムの加工速度を変え て微調整する。  The temperature of the heating needle is set to a temperature higher than the melting point of the film (about 200 ° C.), but it is preferable to control the temperature appropriately in relation to the liner speed. The so-called hot needle roll is formed by planting a needle on almost the entire surface of the roll in contact with the film and heating it with a heater. In addition to this, it is possible to use a so-called protrusion strung roll having innumerable protrusions formed on the surface of the roll. it can. In this way, it is clear that about 0.4 mm in diameter and about 0.7 mm in diameter, which are occluded by an extra thin film of about 5 μm near the outer film surface, are interspersed with innumerable micropores perforated at intervals of about 0.7 mm. A gas permeable film can be obtained. The film thickness of the extremely thin film part is determined by the inter-roll gap, the film processing speed, and the correlation between the film melting point and the etching temperature, and in practice the film processing speed is finely changed by changing the film processing speed.
袋本体 1 1 の開口部近傍の取着部 1 2は、 図 1 に示すように開口部 1 5の一方を他方よりも長く突出させ、 突出部 1 6のほぼ中央において縦 方向に開口部近辺に向けて切り込み 1 4を設けるとともに、 突出部 1 6 の内側に粘着層 1 7及び離型層 1 8をこの順に形成してある。 袋本体 1 1 を果実等の支持枝に装着するには、 図 2に示すように、 袋本体 1 1 の 開口部を開いて内部に果実を取り込んで果実に袋本体 1 1 を被せ、 次に 離型層 1 8を剥がし支持枝を中心として左右の突出部 1 6を交差するよ うに折り曲げて粘着層 1 7を対向するフィルム面に貼りつけて開口部を 封じる。 粘着層 1 7及び離型層 1 8を突出部 1 6を折り曲げた対向面側 に設けてもよい。 The attachment 12 near the opening of the bag body 1 1 causes one of the openings 15 to protrude longer than the other, as shown in FIG. An adhesive layer 17 and a release layer 18 are formed in this order on the inside of the projecting portion 16 while providing a notch 14 toward the end. To attach the bag body 1 1 to a support branch such as fruit, as shown in Fig. 2, open the opening of the bag body 1 1 and take in the fruit inside, place the bag body 1 1 on the fruit, and then Release the release layer 18 and cross the left and right protrusions 16 around the support branch Then, the adhesive layer 17 is attached to the opposite film surface to seal the opening. The adhesive layer 17 and the release layer 18 may be provided on the opposite surface side where the protrusion 16 is bent.
図 3は、 取着部である針金 1 9を袋本体 1 1 の開口部近傍に取り付け た場合を例示したものである。 切り込み 1 4は必要に応じて設ければよ い。 図 4に示すように、 この針金 1 9を支持枝に巻き付けて締結するこ とができる。 針金 1 9は、 プラスチックで被覆したもの、 或いは針金を 2枚の帯紐状プラスチックで狭持したものが好ましい。 第 6図は、 針金 1 9の全体を袋本体の一側面に縦方向に熱溶着し、 針金 1 9に沿って帯 状の切り込みを形成した場合を例示したものであり、 必要に応じて切り 込みの下端部に熱圧部 2 4を形成してもよい。 また、 針金 1 9を袋本体 1 1 の開口部 1 5の周縁全体又はその一部に沿って設けてもよい (図示 せず) 。  FIG. 3 exemplifies the case where the wire 19 which is the attachment portion is attached in the vicinity of the opening of the bag body 1 1. Cut 14 may be provided if necessary. As shown in FIG. 4, the wire 19 can be wound around the support branch and fastened. The wire 19 is preferably one coated with plastic or one in which the wire is held between two plastic strips. FIG. 6 exemplifies the case where the entire wire 19 is heat-welded longitudinally to one side of the bag body, and a band-like cut is formed along the wire 19; The heat pressing portion 24 may be formed at the lower end of the plug. Alternatively, the wire 19 may be provided along the entire periphery or a part of the opening 15 of the bag body 11 (not shown).
図 7は、 取着部が袋本体とは別に帯紐状に構成されてなリ、 この帯紐 状の取着部 1 2を袋本体 1 1 の開口部近辺に横方向に配置し、 その両端 を袋本体 1 1 の両側に熱溶着したものである。 帯紐状取着部 1 2の一端 のみを溶着してもよい。 前記の帯紐状取着部 1 2の材質は特に限定され ないが、 袋本体 1 1 と熱溶着可能であって、 且つ、 少なく とも帯紐状取 着部の長手方向に無延伸のフィルムが好ましい。 袋本体 1 1 を構成する 二枚の有孔プラスチックフイルムと帯状のプラスチックフィルムをこの 順で適当な位置に重ねて、 袋本体 1 1 を溶断加工することによって、 袋 本体 1 1 の開口部を除く周囲がシールされ、 且つ取着部 1 2の両端ない し片端が袋本体 1 1 に溶着された農産物保護用袋 1 を一工程で成形する ことができる。  Fig. 7 shows that the attachment part is configured in a band-like shape separately from the bag body, and this band-like attachment part 12 is disposed in the lateral direction near the opening of the bag body 1 1 Both ends are heat welded to both sides of the bag body 1 1. Only one end of the strap-like attachment 12 may be welded. The material of the above-mentioned strap-like attachment 12 is not particularly limited, but it is possible to heat-weld with the bag body 1 1 and at least a non-stretched film in the longitudinal direction of the strap-like attachment. preferable. The opening of the bag body 1 1 is removed by layering the two perforated plastic films and the strip-like plastic film that make up the bag body 1 1 in this order at appropriate positions, and cutting off the bag body 1 1. It is possible to form the agricultural product protection bag 1 whose periphery is sealed and whose one end or both ends of the attachment portion 12 are welded to the bag body 1 1 in one step.
前記袋を農産物の支持枝などに取り付けるには、 帯紐状取着部 1 2の —端を袋本体 1 1 から取り外して、 又は片端のみ溶着されてなるものは そのまま、 袋本体 1 1 の開口部 1 5の周囲に数回巻いてその端部を隙間 に挟み込んで引き伸ばすことによって締め付けられ、 袋本体 1 1 を支持 枝に取り付けるとともに開口部 1 5を密封することができる。 溶断加工 は加熱した溶断刃でプラスチックフィルムを加圧する以外に、 塩化ビニ ル樹脂フィルム等は高周波ウェルダーを使用し、 ォレフィ ン系樹脂フィ ルムにあっては、 超音波ウェルダーを使用してもよい。 In order to attach the above-mentioned bag to a support branch of produce, etc., the end of the strap-like attachment 12 is removed from the bag body 1 1, or only one end is welded. As it is, it is tightened by winding it around the opening 15 of the bag body 1 1 several times, sandwiching the end with a gap and stretching it, and attach the bag body 1 1 to the support branch and seal the opening 15 Can. In addition to pressing the plastic film with a heated cutting blade, a high-frequency welder may be used for the vinyl chloride resin film or the like, and an ultrasonic welder may be used for the polyolefin-based resin film.
図 8に示す取着部 1 2は、 袋本体 1 1 自体の片側を上端部の熱圧部 2 4を残して切り込み 1 4、 帯状の紐 1 2を形成した例である。 この切リ 込み 1 4は、 鋏乃至カッターなどを使用して形成してもよいが、 上端部 の熱圧部 2 4を平刃によって、 切り込み部を溶断刃によって熱溶断して 一工程で加工することもできる。 前例のように素材に応じて、 高周波ゥ エルダー乃至超音波ウェルダーを使用してもよい。 また、 開口部 1 5の 内周部に帯状の不織布等の布帛を貼リ付けて開口部を閉じたときに水密 性を向上するように構成してもよい (図示せず) 。  The attachment portion 12 shown in FIG. 8 is an example in which one side of the bag body 1 1 itself is cut away 14 leaving a heat-pressed portion 24 at the upper end portion to form a band-like string 12. This cutting insert 14 may be formed using a scissors or a cutter, but the heat pressing part 24 at the upper end is heat-sealed by a cutting blade with a flat blade, and processing is performed in one step You can also As in the previous example, depending on the material, high frequency or ultrasonic welders may be used. Alternatively, a fabric such as a band-like non-woven fabric may be attached to the inner peripheral portion of the opening 15 to improve the water tightness when the opening is closed (not shown).
第 9図は、 取着部 1 2の他の例と して、 可撓性を有する硬質プラスチ ック製薄板からなる小片の中央部に袋本体の狭持用孔 2 5と、 この狭持 用孔に連続する切り込み 1 4を形成した取着部 1 2を開口部 1 5の近傍 に溶着した状態を例示したものである。 袋本体 1 1 の開口部 1 5をしぼ めて前記の切り込 1 4から狭持用孔 2 5に押し込めば、 開口部が閉じた 状態で袋本体 1 1 を支持部に取り付けることができる。  FIG. 9 shows another example of the attachment portion 12. In the middle portion of a small piece made of a hard plastic thin plate having flexibility, a hole 25 for holding the bag body, and this holding It illustrates a state in which the attachment portion 12 in which the cut 14 continuous to the hole is formed is welded in the vicinity of the opening 15. By squeezing the opening 15 of the bag main body 1 1 and pushing it from the cut 14 into the holding hole 25, the bag main body 1 1 can be attached to the support in a state where the opening is closed.
実験例  Experimental example
前記の実施例によって得られた 3種類の有効フィルムを使用した農産 物保護用袋及び比較例と して、 従来の撥水加工を施した紙製の袋で底部 に通水口を設けたものをそれぞれ 3 0枚乃至 5 0 0枚準備して同一条件 で葡萄 (巨峰) に装着して実験した結果を以下に示す。 実験は山梨県及 び滋賀県の葡萄園で行い、 平成 1 4年 5月乃至 6月に袋を準備して、 6 月下旬乃至 7月中旬より実験を開始、 袋内部の観察を継続しつつ 9月初 旬乃至下旬に葡萄を収穫して検査員 2 0人によってその糖度と外観等を 評価したものであり、 表 2にその実験結果を示す。 As a bag for agricultural product protection using the three types of effective films obtained in the above-mentioned examples and a comparative example, a paper bag with a conventional water repellent finish provided with a water passage at the bottom is used. The results of experiments where 30 to 500 sheets of each were prepared and mounted on a ridge (Kyoho) under the same conditions are shown below. The experiment will be conducted at Gion in Yamanashi and Shiga Prefectures, and bags will be prepared from May to June 2014. The experiment was started from the end of the month to the middle of July, and while continuing the observation inside the bag, the grapes were harvested from the beginning to the end of September and 20 persons surveyed their sugar content and appearance etc. Shows the experimental results.
表 2 実施例 1 実施例 2 実施例 3 比較例 糖 度 非常に甘い 非常に甘い 非常に甘い ややに甘い 着色度 濃い黒紫色 濃い黒紫色 濃い黒紫色 赤紫色 焼けの発生 全く無い 全く無い 全く無い 上方部焼け有 害虫被害の程度 全く無い 全く無い 全く無い やや有 目視観察作業性 非常に良好 非常に良好 非常に良好 目視困難  Table 2 Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example Sugar content Very sweet Very sweet Very sweet Slightly sweet Saturation Dark black purple Dark black purple Dark black purple Red purple Occurrence of burnt None at all None at all Partial burnt Extent of pest damage Not at all Not at all Not at all Slightly visible Observation workability Very good Very good Very good Very difficult to see
前記の表 2に示すように、 実施例の農産物保護用袋は、 糖度、 着色度, 焼けの発生、 害虫被害の程度の何れの点においても優れた成果を挙げた のに対して、 従来の紙製の袋の場合は、 糖度と着色度の点でやや劣るも のであった。 実施例では葡萄の熱焼けは全く発生せず、 袋の変色もなく . そのまま商品の包装用袋と して使用できるのに対して、 比較例の場合は 上方の袋の内面と接している部分に熱焼けの発生が目立つばかリでなく . 紙袋の内側に力ビが発生して赤レンガ色に変色し、 商品の包装用袋と し て使用できる状態ではなかった。 また、 幹からの栄養伝達度は実施例、 比較例の双方ともほぼ同じ状態であり、 果実の着色は光の照射度が高い 程、 濃色となり、 着色が濃い程、 糖度が高く表面に白色の粉を吹く状態 となることが確認された。 As shown in Table 2 above, the agricultural product protection bag of the example achieved excellent results in any of the sugar content, the coloration degree, the occurrence of burning and the degree of pest damage, while In the case of paper bags, they were slightly inferior in terms of sugar content and coloration. In the example, no burning of the firewood occurs and no discoloration of the bag. In contrast to the case where the bag can be used as a packaging bag for goods as it is, in the case of the comparative example, a portion in contact with the inner surface of the upper bag The occurrence of heat-burning was not noticeable. The inside of the paper bag was subjected to a mechanical crack and turned to red brick, which was not ready for use as a product packaging bag. In addition, the degree of nutrient transmission from the stem is almost the same in both the example and the comparative example, and the coloring of the fruit becomes darker as the light irradiation degree becomes higher, the color becomes darker, the sugar content becomes higher, and the surface is white. It was confirmed that the powder would blow.
袋の内部の目視観察の点では比較例の場合は全部の袋を破らないと内 部の果実の状態が分からず、 再度袋を掛け直さなければならず、 手間が かかることこの上ないのに対して、 実施例の場合は外部から中の果実の 状態が一目瞭然であり、 間引き作業等の必要なものだけを選択して作業 できるので極めて効率よく無駄がない。 また、 透明フィルムによる窓を 設けた紙製袋も外部から全体が観察できないので作業効率はよくない。 鳥類による被害は本実施例に関して全く観られなかった。 これに対して 比較例の場合は袋の上から嘴で啄んだ痕跡がかなリ観られた。 In terms of visual observation of the inside of the bag, in the case of the comparative example, it is necessary to break all the bags. The state of the fruit of the department is not known, and the bag has to be re-hooked, which takes less time, but in the case of the example, the state of the fruit inside is obvious at a glance, and the thinning operation etc. It is extremely efficient and efficient because you can select and operate only the necessary items. In addition, the efficiency of work is not good because the paper bag with a window made of transparent film can not be observed from the outside. No damage caused by birds was observed in this example. On the other hand, in the case of the comparative example, it was possible to see the traces of the bag that were sunk from the top of the bag.
以上の結果に基づいて、 葡萄以外の果実、 野菜及び花等の農産物につい ても充分に適用できることが確認できた。 Based on the above results, it has been confirmed that the present invention is sufficiently applicable to agricultural products such as fruits, vegetables and flowers other than mulberry.
発明の効果  Effect of the invention
本発明に係る農産物保護用袋は、 前記のように構成したことによって. 袋内への害虫の進入を完全に阻止し、 且つ、 鳥類が農産物を啄む鳥害を 防止することができる。 また、 微細孔を通して外気と袋内部の空気を入 れ替えることによって農産物の熱焼けを防止するとともに、 カビゃ病原 菌の繁殖を防止して品質の向上を図り不良品を軽減する。 従って、 農産 物の熱焼けを防止のための遮光部を設けなくてもよいので、 太陽光の照 射度が高くなリ、 糖度や着色性を向上できる。 袋の取付作業も簡単な上, 袋を装着した状態で外部から農産物の生育状態を観察して収穫時期を選 別することができ、 収穫した農産物は包装用の袋に交換せずにそのまま の状態で出荷することができる。 更に、 外部から観察して必要なものだ けを選択して間引き作業等ができるので、 作業効率が向上するばかリで なく、 袋を破って確認する無駄な手間が省け、 時間と経費ロスの軽減が 図れる上、 袋の加工も比較的簡単であり経済的で汎用性に優れた効果を 奏 。  The agricultural product protection bag according to the present invention can completely prevent the infestation of pests into the bag and can prevent bird damage which birds bear on agricultural products. In addition, by exchanging external air and air inside the bag through fine holes, it prevents the heat burning of agricultural products, prevents the growth of mold and pathogens, improves the quality and reduces defective products. Therefore, since it is not necessary to provide a light shielding portion for preventing heat burning of agricultural products, it is possible to enhance the sunlight intensity, sugar content and coloring property. Installation of the bag is easy, and it is possible to observe the growing condition of the agricultural product from the outside with the bag attached and to select the harvest time, and the harvested agricultural product is not replaced with the packaging bag but it is not changed. Can be shipped in state. Furthermore, since it is possible to perform the thinning operation etc. by selecting only the necessary items from the outside, it is not a fool to improve the working efficiency, it saves the time and effort to break the bag and check it. In addition to being able to reduce, processing of the bag is also relatively easy, and it is economical and versatile.

Claims

請 求 の 範 囲 The scope of the claims
1 . 果実、 野菜及び花等の農産物を栽培する過程において前記農産物に 被せて保護するための袋であって、 前記の袋は、 1. A bag for covering and protecting the agricultural products in the process of cultivating agricultural products such as fruits, vegetables and flowers, wherein the bags are:
少なく とも一方に開口する開口部を有し、 Have at least one opening and
少なく とも袋の一部 (開口部側の部分を含む) 乃至袋全面に多数の通気 性乃至ガス透過性且つ非透水性の微細孔を備え、 At least a part of the bag (including the part on the opening side) or the entire bag surface is provided with a large number of air-permeable to gas-permeable and non-permeable micropores,
透明乃至半透明又は 及び光透過性のプラスチック製有孔フィルムから なる Consisting of a transparent to translucent or light transmitting plastic perforated film
ことを特徴とする農産物保護用袋。 Produce protection bag characterized by
2 . 果実、 野菜及び花等の農産物を栽培する過程において前記農産物に 被せて保護するための袋であって、 前記の袋は、  2. A bag for covering and protecting the agricultural products in the process of cultivating agricultural products such as fruits, vegetables and flowers, wherein the bags are:
少なく とも一方に開口する開口部を有し、 Have at least one opening and
少なく とも袋の一部 (開口部側の部分を含む) 乃至袋全面に多数の通気 性乃至ガス透過性且つ非透水性の微細孔を備え、 At least a part of the bag (including the part on the opening side) or the entire bag surface is provided with a large number of air-permeable to gas-permeable and non-permeable micropores,
透明乃至半透明又は/及び光透過性のプラスチック製有孔フィルムから なる袋本体と、 A bag body made of a transparent to translucent or / and light transmitting plastic perforated film;
前記の袋本体を前記農産物の支持部 (支持枝部を含む) に取着するため の取着部と、 An attachment for attaching the bag body to the support (including the support branch) of the agricultural product;
を備えたことを特徴とする農産物保護用袋。 Produce protection bag characterized by having.
3 . 果実、 野菜及 '花等の農産物を栽培する過程において前記農産物に 被せて保護するための袋であって、 前記の袋は、  3. A bag for covering and protecting the agricultural products in the process of cultivating agricultural products such as fruits, vegetables and flowers, wherein the bags are:
少なく とも一方に開口する開口部を有し、 Have at least one opening and
プラスチック製のフィルムからなる多重袋によって構成され、 前記多重袋の何れもが少なく とも袋の一部 (開口部側の部分を含む) 乃 至袋全面に多数の通気性乃至ガス透過性且つ非透水性の微細孔を備えて なることを特徴とする農産物保護用袋。 It is composed of multiple bags made of plastic film, and any of the multiple bags is at least a part of the bag (including the part on the opening side). Equipped with fine pores Product protection bag characterized by becoming.
4 . 果実、 野菜及び花等の農産物を栽培する過程において前記農産物に 被せて保護するための袋であって、 前記の袋は、  4. A bag for covering and protecting the agricultural products in the process of cultivating agricultural products such as fruits, vegetables and flowers, wherein the bags are:
少なく とも一方に開口する開口部を有し、 Have at least one opening and
プラスチック製のフィルムからなる多重袋によって構成され、 前記多重袋の何れもが少なく とも袋の一部 (開口部側の部分を含む) 乃 至袋全面に多数の通気性乃至ガス透過性且つ非透水性の微細孔を備えて なる袋本体と、 It is composed of multiple bags made of plastic film, and any of the multiple bags is at least a part of the bag (including the part on the opening side). A bag body comprising fine pores of
前記の袋本体を前記農産物の支持部 (支持枝部を含む) に取着するため の取着部と、 An attachment for attaching the bag body to the support (including the support branch) of the agricultural product;
を備えたことを特徴とする農産物保護用袋。 Produce protection bag characterized by having.
5 . 前記プラスチック製フィルムに設けられた微細孔は、 最大部の孔径 が 5 0〜 5 0 0 jU mの範囲内で、 且つ、 空孔面積率が 0 . フ 1 0 %の 範囲内であることを特徴とする請求項 1 〜 4の何れかに記載の農産物保 護用袋。  The micropores provided in the plastic film have a maximum pore diameter in the range of 50 to 500 jU m and a pore area ratio in the range of 0 to 10%. An agricultural product protection bag according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that.
6 . 請求項 1 〜 4記載の微細孔を有するプラスチック製フィルムは、 片 面乃至両面における微細孔の周縁に凸部が形成されており、 前記凸部が 形成されてなる何れかの面を袋本体の内側に向けて構成されてなること を特徴とする農産物保護用袋。  6. The plastic film having micropores according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a convex portion is formed on the periphery of the micropore on one side or both sides, and any one of the convex portions is formed into a bag An agricultural product protection bag characterized in that it is configured to be directed to the inside of the main body.
7 . 前記微細孔はプラスチック製フイルムの何れか一面から他面に向け て貫通させた貫通孔、 又は他面の表面近傍の極薄膜部を除き厚み方向に 穿孔して前記の極薄膜部によって一端が閉塞されてなる閉塞孔、 の何れ かであることを特徴とする請求項 1 〜 4の何れかに記載の農産物保護用 袋。 7. The fine holes are perforated in the thickness direction except through holes which are made to penetrate from one surface to the other surface of the plastic film, or an extremely thin film portion in the vicinity of the other surface, and one end is made by the extremely thin film portion. The closure bag according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the closure hole is a closed hole.
8 . 前記農産物保護用袋を構成するプラスチック製のフイルムは、 太陽 光の中で農産物の着色、 糖度乃至生育を増進する波長の光線を選択的に 透過することを特徴とする請求項 1 〜 4の何れかに記載の農産物保護用 8. The plastic film that makes up the agricultural product protection bag can be selected from light of the wavelength that promotes the coloration, sugar content or growth of agricultural products in sunlight. The agricultural product protection according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is transparent.
9 . 前記袋を構成するプラスチック製のフィルムは、 生分解性フィルム. 紫外線吸収性フィルム、 抗菌乃至殺菌フィルム、 マイナスイオン発生フ ィルム、 遠赤外線発生フィルム及び消臭乃至芳香性フィルムの中から選 ばれる少なく とも一種の機能性フィルムからなることを特徴とする請求 項 1 〜 4の何れかに記載の農産物保護用袋。 9. The plastic film constituting the bag is selected from biodegradable films, UV-absorbing films, antibacterial or sterilizing films, negative ion generating films, far-infrared generating films and deodorizing or aromatic films. The agricultural product protection bag according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises at least one functional film.
1 0 . 請求項 2又は 4記載の農産物保護用袋において、 前記の取着部が 袋本体の一部から構成されてなるか又は袋本体とは別に構成される取着 部を袋本体に固着してなることを特徴とする農産物保護用袋。  10. In the agricultural product protection bag according to claim 2 or 4, the attachment portion is constituted by a part of the bag body or the attachment portion formed separately from the bag body is fixed to the bag body. An agricultural product protection bag characterized by
PCT/JP2003/004525 2002-09-26 2003-04-09 Farm product protecting bag WO2004028241A1 (en)

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KR1020047005860A KR100646211B1 (en) 2002-09-26 2003-04-09 Farm product protecting bag
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KR100623179B1 (en) 2004-05-10 2006-09-19 화성시 Antibiotic Paper bag shielding Fruit opened easily
ES2265236A1 (en) * 2004-08-04 2007-02-01 Domingo Yao Su Protective bag for fruits, has pair of threads, worn around crease around bag opening, connected at both ends to opposing bag faces to serve as handles for bag opening/closing
JP2009065907A (en) * 2007-09-13 2009-04-02 Shukuen Ho Fruit protection bag
JP2009268403A (en) * 2008-05-07 2009-11-19 Nidaiki Kk Fruit protection bag provided with light dispersion member, method for producing the same, and method for using the same
US20100034927A1 (en) * 2006-01-16 2010-02-11 Jorge Labrador Agustin System for the Individual Packaging of Peaches and Other Fruits and Vegetables Having A Suitable Shape
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EP2196228A1 (en) * 2004-05-03 2010-06-16 Clear View Patient Safety Products, LLC Blood drawing device
KR100623179B1 (en) 2004-05-10 2006-09-19 화성시 Antibiotic Paper bag shielding Fruit opened easily
ES2265236A1 (en) * 2004-08-04 2007-02-01 Domingo Yao Su Protective bag for fruits, has pair of threads, worn around crease around bag opening, connected at both ends to opposing bag faces to serve as handles for bag opening/closing
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US20100034927A1 (en) * 2006-01-16 2010-02-11 Jorge Labrador Agustin System for the Individual Packaging of Peaches and Other Fruits and Vegetables Having A Suitable Shape
JP2009065907A (en) * 2007-09-13 2009-04-02 Shukuen Ho Fruit protection bag
JP2009268403A (en) * 2008-05-07 2009-11-19 Nidaiki Kk Fruit protection bag provided with light dispersion member, method for producing the same, and method for using the same
JP2015047166A (en) * 2013-08-29 2015-03-16 ジンヨンプロト シーオー. エルティーディー.Jinyoungproto co.,ltd Fruit envelope
JP2016042811A (en) * 2014-08-21 2016-04-04 秀己 中川原 Simple greenhouse for fruit and vegetable

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