WO2004022853A1 - Coated sand grains - Google Patents

Coated sand grains Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004022853A1
WO2004022853A1 PCT/DK2003/000573 DK0300573W WO2004022853A1 WO 2004022853 A1 WO2004022853 A1 WO 2004022853A1 DK 0300573 W DK0300573 W DK 0300573W WO 2004022853 A1 WO2004022853 A1 WO 2004022853A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
thermoplastic polymer
weight
sand
mixer
silica sand
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DK2003/000573
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Victor Jensen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PV-SAND AS
Original Assignee
PV-SAND AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PV-SAND AS filed Critical PV-SAND AS
Priority to AU2003257411A priority Critical patent/AU2003257411A1/en
Priority to JP2004533212A priority patent/JP2005538274A/ja
Priority to MXPA05002336A priority patent/MXPA05002336A/es
Priority to CA002496586A priority patent/CA2496586A1/en
Priority to US10/526,781 priority patent/US20060100342A1/en
Publication of WO2004022853A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004022853A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/28—Compounds of silicon
    • C09C1/30—Silicic acid
    • C09C1/3072—Treatment with macro-molecular organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
    • C08K9/08—Ingredients agglomerated by treatment with a binding agent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/28—Compounds of silicon
    • C09C1/30—Silicic acid
    • C09C1/3081—Treatment with organo-silicon compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/28—Compounds of silicon
    • C09C1/30—Silicic acid
    • C09C1/309—Combinations of treatments provided for in groups C09C1/3009 - C09C1/3081
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
    • C09C3/006—Combinations of treatments provided for in groups C09C3/04 - C09C3/12
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
    • C09C3/10—Treatment with macromolecular organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/06—Pavings made in situ, e.g. for sand grounds, clay courts E01C13/003
    • E01C13/065—Pavings made in situ, e.g. for sand grounds, clay courts E01C13/003 at least one in situ layer consisting of or including bitumen, rubber or plastics
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/08—Surfaces simulating grass ; Grass-grown sports grounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
    • C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/80—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases
    • C01P2004/82—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases two phases having the same anion, e.g. both oxidic phases
    • C01P2004/84—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases two phases having the same anion, e.g. both oxidic phases one phase coated with the other
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/80—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases
    • C01P2004/82—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases two phases having the same anion, e.g. both oxidic phases
    • C01P2004/84—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases two phases having the same anion, e.g. both oxidic phases one phase coated with the other
    • C01P2004/86—Thin layer coatings, i.e. the coating thickness being less than 0.1 time the particle radius
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/10—Solid density
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/80—Compositional purity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/90—Other properties not specified above

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a particulate material consisting of sands grains coated with a thermoplastic polymer to provide a loose material with properties suitable for use as a surfacing composition, in particular for sports surfaces such as fields of artificial grass.
  • the invention further relates to a method of producing such particulate material and a sports surface wherein the material is used.
  • BACKGROUND Surface compositions for sports surfaces such as artificial grass lawns, horse running tracks or the like, are well known. Detailed standards are given for the sports surfaces to provide the correct properties for e.g. elasticity and resistance, e.g. for football plying surfaces, Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) have prepared the FIFA Quality Concept for Artificial Turf.
  • FIFA Federation Internationale de Football Association
  • Synthetic turf for providing artificial grass is known from GB-A-2 348 890, in which a pile fabric is partly submerged in an infill layer of particulate material, comprising a mixture of silica sand and cryogenically ground rubber particles.
  • the ratio of sand to rubber varies depending on the use of the artificial grass, but for football playing surfaces is it known to use a 10 mm layer of sand, covered by a 20 mm layer of rubber particles.
  • a drawback of this composition is that a relatively large amount of ground rubber is used, making the artificial grass costly to establish.
  • a sports surface comprising a pile fabric partly submerged in a layer of sand coated with a rubber is described in EP-A-0 377 925.
  • the coating is a polymeric coating, such as an aqueous emulsion of a synthetic rubber, i.e. latex, to which the sand, heated to a temperature of about 140° C is added. Melting of a polymeric material is suggested as an alternative.
  • the coating constitutes 0.2 to 10 % by weight of the sand, preferably 1 to 7% by weight.
  • the sand is of a grain size of less than one millimetre and a mean dimension within the range of 250 to 850 micron.
  • EP-A-0 466 514 Another method of preparing a polymer coated sand material is disclosed in EP-A-0 466 514, relating to a material for use in riding-grounds, in which the coating material is a carboxyl or anhydride containing olefin polymer and/or an oxygen containing wax.
  • the coating material constitutes 0.1 to 10 % by weight of the sand, and the sand is heated to 100°-180°C, preferably 130°C prior to mixing with the coating.
  • the grain size of the sand is maximal 2.36 millimetre.
  • a wide range of suitable materials is disclosed in the application.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a loose, particulate material that is less expensive than the mixture of ground rubber and sand but has comparable properties for use in particular for forming a sports surface, in particular an artificial grass field.
  • thermoplastic polymer that has the combined properties of a relatively high melt index in the range of 20 to 40 grams per 10 minutes, and a relatively low hardness, being a Shore A hardness in the range of 40 to 90.
  • the present invention relates to a loose, particulate material consisting of silica sand grains individually coated with an elastomeric coating material.
  • the silica sand is hard sand, and the most preferred type is quartz sand.
  • a loose, particulate material is understood a material that can be poured and in which only a few grains may be bonded together.
  • the particulate material may, depending on the manufacturing process, consist of a fraction of particles of a size in the order of the grains, and a fraction of larger particles of an order of size of e.g. 10-20 times the diameter of the grains.
  • the particulate material of the present invention may be one of the two fractions or a mixture thereof, and it is preferred that the material consist of the first mentioned fraction only.
  • the particulate material is in the form of large, loose flocks, the size of an order of size of e.g. 20-40 times the diameter of the grains.
  • the coating material comprises a thermoplastic polymer of a melt index of 20-40 g/10 min, preferably within the range of 25-35 g/10 min, and Shore A hardness of 40- 90, preferably within the range of 50-80, most preferred within the range of 60-75.
  • the melt index is measured as grams of melt in 10 minutes according to the test procedure defined in the ASTM standard D1238 Procedure A.
  • the coating material which may comprise other ingredients than a thermoplastic polymer, e.g. wax, constitutes only a minor fraction of the material, such as 2-8 % by weight of the silica sand, preferably 4-6 % by weight of the sand.
  • the thermoplastic polymer comprises 2-8 % by weight of the silica sand, preferably 4-6 % by weight.
  • the silica sand such as quartz sand, is in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, of an overall grain diameter in the range of 0.1 mm to 2 mm, preferably in the range of 0.2 mm to 1.5 mm, and most preferred in the range of 0.4 mm to 0.9 mm.
  • Such coupling agents are characterised by having an improved adherence to the surface of the sand grain as well as to the elastomeric coating material as compared to the adherence between the elastomeric coating material and the grain surface when being in direct contact.
  • One preferred coupling agent is bifunctional silane comprising a reactive amino group and a hydrolyzable inorganic triethoxysilyl group, so that the silane binds to inorganic materials, i.e. the sand grains, as well as to organic polymers, i.e. the elastomeric coating material.
  • a preferred bifunctional silane is 3- aminopropyltriethoxysilane (H 2 N-(CH 2 ) 3 -Si(OC 2 H 5 ) 3 ), which is sold by the company Degussa under the trade name of Dynasylan Ameo.
  • the silane is typically applied in a thin layer on the surface of the sand grains in an amount of 0.05-0.5 % by weight of the sand, preferably in an amount of 0.1-0.3 % by weight.
  • EDA-based terpolymers ethylene-acrylic derivatives
  • ethylene-acrylic ester + maleic anhydride terpolymer in particular defined as terpolymer comprising glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) groups or terpolymer comprising maleic anhydride (MAH) groups.
  • GMA glycidyl methacrylate
  • MAH maleic anhydride
  • One particularly preferred material is ethylene-butyl acrylate-maleic anhydride terpolymer, sold by the company Atofina under the trade name of Lotader 3410.
  • this terpolymer is applied in a thin layer on the surface of the sand grains in an amount of 0.3-2 % by weight of the sand, preferably in an amount of 0.5- 1.5 % by weight.
  • the coupling agent constitutes a part of the above-mentioned coating material, so that the indicated preferred weight range of the coating material includes the thermoplastic polymer as well as the coupling agent.
  • These coupling agents may preferably be applied on the surface of the sand grains, but may alternatively be mixed in a polymer, such as a phenolic, furan or melamine resin which is applied to the sand grain in a thin layer before the coating with the elastomeric coating material, or the coupling agent may be admixed with the elastomeric coating material before it is applied as a coating to the sand grains. Combinations of the mentioned coupling agents with each other or with other coupling agents may alternatively be applied.
  • the present invention further relates to a method of producing a loose, particulate, coated bulk material, such as the one described above, the method comprising the steps of heating a portion of silica sand to a temperature within the range of 200° to 300° C, preferably of 230° to 270°, placing said portion of sand in a mixer comprising mixing means, adding a portion of a thermoplastic polymer to the content of the mixer under continued operation of the mixing means, adding a predetermined amount of water to the content of the mixer under continued operation of the mixing means, and directing an airflow through the content of the mixer so as to lower the temperature thereof.
  • the predetermined amount of water may be 3 to 15 % by weight of the sand, preferably 5 to 10% by weight of the sand, such as from 6.5 to 8.5%.
  • a coupling agent as discussed above may be added to the mixer prior to the thermoplastic polymer, so as to provide a layer of the coupling agent on the surface of the silica sand grains before the thermoplastic polymer is added to the content of the mixer, thereby improving the binding between the grain and the thermoplastic polymer.
  • the present invention further relates to a sports surface comprising a loose, particulate material as described above, in which the sports surface may be a riding- ground or the like, or the material may be used as part of an artificial grass lawn, comprising a pile fabric which is at least partly submerged in a layer of said loose, particulate material.
  • the present invention relates to a method of providing a sports surface, wherein coated grains as described above are spread in a layer on a surface, in particular wherein the coated grains are spread on a pile fabric to form a layer in which the fabric is at least partly submerged.
  • the material is furthermore suitable for use in e.g. playgrounds as a safety surface, and it has proven to be advantageous to apply the material according to the present invention as sand blasting material for use on relatively soft surfaces as aluminium, brick facings etc.
  • the inertia of the material is high due to the relatively high density of the sand grain, and the softer coating distributes the kinetic energy of the particle more evenly on the impact area, causing less damage to the surface whereas loose parts on the surface, such as paint or dirt, is removed efficiently.
  • thermoplastic polymer was an Engage® 8400 polyolefin elastomer produced by
  • the material is an ethylene alpha-olefm copolymer with 24% octane comonomer, a melt index of 30 g/10 minutes and a density of 0.870 g/cc.
  • the polymer is meant for injection moulding, and the properties of the moulded material is given as a tensile yield of 1.3 MPa, a tensile elongation above 1,000, a Shore A hardness of 72, and a flexural modulus of 22 MPa and 18 MPa in tangent and secant, respectively.
  • the Nicat softening point is given as 41 °C.
  • the polymer coating of the grains was considered to be homogeneous, and 37.5 litres of water, 7.5% by weight of the sand, was added to the mixing container and instantly lowered the temperature under the development of steam.
  • an airflow of ambient air at ambient temperature of 22°C was directed through the content of the mixer, causing the water to evaporate and the steam to be ventilated out of the mixing container.
  • the airflow was continued until the temperature of the content of the mixing container was about 60°C, where after the content was let out onto a shaking sieve with openings of 2 millimetres.
  • the output from the mixer consisted of a first fraction of particles of a size in the order of the grains, and a second fraction of larger particles of a diameter of 4-18 millimetres.
  • the first fraction constituted about 90% by weight of the total weight of the content of the mixing container, and almost the entire first fraction consisted of single, coated grains.
  • the larger particles of the second fraction may by application of a moderate pressure be transformed into large, loose flocks, the size of 10-40 millimetres in diameter, which have proven to be very suitable for horse-riding surfaces. If a higher pressure is applied to the larger particles together with a shear force, they may be transformed to particles of the first fraction.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
PCT/DK2003/000573 2002-09-06 2003-09-02 Coated sand grains Ceased WO2004022853A1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2003257411A AU2003257411A1 (en) 2002-09-06 2003-09-02 Coated sand grains
JP2004533212A JP2005538274A (ja) 2002-09-06 2003-09-02 コーティングされた砂粒子
MXPA05002336A MXPA05002336A (es) 2002-09-06 2003-09-02 Granos de arena revestidos.
CA002496586A CA2496586A1 (en) 2002-09-06 2003-09-02 Coated sand grains
US10/526,781 US20060100342A1 (en) 2002-09-06 2003-09-02 Coated sand grains

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02078648.9 2002-09-06
EP02078648A EP1422345A1 (en) 2002-09-06 2002-09-06 Coated sand grains

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004022853A1 true WO2004022853A1 (en) 2004-03-18

Family

ID=31970393

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DK2003/000573 Ceased WO2004022853A1 (en) 2002-09-06 2003-09-02 Coated sand grains

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20060100342A1 (enExample)
EP (1) EP1422345A1 (enExample)
JP (1) JP2005538274A (enExample)
CN (1) CN1678797A (enExample)
AU (1) AU2003257411A1 (enExample)
CA (1) CA2496586A1 (enExample)
MX (1) MXPA05002336A (enExample)
WO (1) WO2004022853A1 (enExample)

Cited By (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2264881A1 (es) * 2005-04-05 2007-01-16 Miguel Fiol Pujadas Sustrato o base para cesped artificial.
WO2008033343A3 (en) * 2006-09-11 2008-05-29 Dow Global Technologies Inc Polyolefin dispersion technology used for resin coated sand
WO2008033342A3 (en) * 2006-09-11 2008-11-20 Dow Global Technologies Inc Multi-layered resin coated sand
US7490667B2 (en) 2006-10-02 2009-02-17 Fairmount Minerals, Inc. Proppants with soluble composite coatings
US8034429B2 (en) * 2003-04-24 2011-10-11 Usgreentech, L.L.C. Special turf filler
WO2021086187A1 (en) 2019-11-01 2021-05-06 Innograaf B.V. Artificial turf installation
WO2022101430A1 (de) * 2020-11-13 2022-05-19 Tarkett Sports Canada Inc. Kunstrasensystem umfassend hydrophoben sand
EP4782598A1 (en) 2025-01-28 2026-07-29 Topcom B.V. Infill for an artificial turf installation and a method for coating a particulate substrate to be used as such an infill

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NL1026444C2 (nl) * 2004-06-17 2005-12-20 Ten Cate Thiolon Bv Kunstgrassportveld voorzien van een instrooimateriaal alsmede een dergelijk instrooimateriaal.
DE102008000367A1 (de) * 2008-02-19 2009-08-20 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von beschichteten Gummipartikeln und beschichtete Gummipartikel
US9011740B2 (en) 2008-12-15 2015-04-21 Textile Management Associates, Inc. Method of recycling synthetic turf and infill product
US8795834B2 (en) * 2009-02-09 2014-08-05 Sapturf, Llc Synthetic turf having cooling layer
US8012373B2 (en) * 2009-05-12 2011-09-06 Raytheon Company Anti-corrosion thread compound for seawater environment
US8455063B2 (en) * 2009-10-07 2013-06-04 Sungyull Lee Artificial turf infill and artificial turf including the same
ITPD20120300A1 (it) * 2012-10-16 2014-04-17 Fare S R L Procedimento di pulizia di forni fusori a bacino per la produzione di articoli in vetro
WO2015077376A1 (en) * 2013-11-19 2015-05-28 Equestrian Surfaces, Inc. Improved modified sand sports surfaces
CN103756077B (zh) * 2013-12-30 2016-01-20 深圳市绿色欧标科技有限公司 人造颗粒及其制备方法和应用
KR101462486B1 (ko) * 2014-06-20 2014-11-19 화인케미칼 주식회사 인조잔디용 탄성 충진재
US10017689B2 (en) 2014-08-25 2018-07-10 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Crush-resistant proppant particulates for use in subterranean formation operations
KR102460447B1 (ko) * 2016-09-16 2022-10-31 다우 글로벌 테크놀로지스 엘엘씨 폴리머 콘크리트 조성물의 제조 방법 및 콘크리트 기재의 복구 방법
WO2018125056A1 (en) 2016-12-27 2018-07-05 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Strengthening proppant on-the-fly during hydraulic fracturing treatments
WO2018136064A1 (en) 2017-01-19 2018-07-26 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Methods for controlling conductive aggregates
ES2742130T3 (es) * 2017-02-23 2020-02-13 Dow Global Technologies Llc Relleno revestido con un prepolímero de poliuretano y superficies de césped artificial que lo incluyen
WO2018164663A1 (en) 2017-03-06 2018-09-13 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Binding composition for proppant
CN108221552B (zh) * 2018-02-02 2024-03-22 广州傲胜人造草股份有限公司 一种人造草坪复合填充颗粒及其制备方法
WO2023102312A1 (en) * 2021-12-01 2023-06-08 ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Company High-flow polyolefin coated mineral as proppant particulate material and methods related thereto
CN116463908A (zh) * 2023-03-28 2023-07-21 深圳市康力体育设施发展有限公司 一种球场层结构制备方法

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GB948163A (en) * 1960-10-31 1964-01-29 Ici Ltd Improvements in or relating to fillers, pigments and like materials
US3915735A (en) * 1974-03-06 1975-10-28 Malvern Minerals Company Process for preparing modified silicic fillers
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MXPA05002336A (es) 2005-11-04
EP1422345A1 (en) 2004-05-26
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