WO2004005680A1 - Generateur de puissance mecanique comportant un moteur diesel et un convertisseur catalytique - Google Patents
Generateur de puissance mecanique comportant un moteur diesel et un convertisseur catalytique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004005680A1 WO2004005680A1 PCT/FR2003/002125 FR0302125W WO2004005680A1 WO 2004005680 A1 WO2004005680 A1 WO 2004005680A1 FR 0302125 W FR0302125 W FR 0302125W WO 2004005680 A1 WO2004005680 A1 WO 2004005680A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- substrate
- channel
- catalytic converter
- channels
- section
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
- B01J35/56—Foraminous structures having flow-through passages or channels, e.g. grids or three-dimensional monoliths
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
- F01N3/2825—Ceramics
- F01N3/2828—Ceramic multi-channel monoliths, e.g. honeycombs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
- F01N2250/02—Combinations of different methods of purification filtering and catalytic conversion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/06—Ceramic, e.g. monoliths
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
- F01N2330/34—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details with flow channels of polygonal cross section
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
- F01N2330/48—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details characterised by the number of flow passages, e.g. cell density
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
Definitions
- Mechanical power generator comprising a diesel engine and a catalytic converter
- the present invention relates to a mechanical power generator, of the type comprising a diesel engine and an exhaust line comprising a catalytic converter, which catalytic converter comprises a substrate defining adjacent channels.
- This converter comprises a substrate consisting of a structure on the surface of which is deposited a catalytic material designated in English by the term "washcoat". Examples of substrates are given in documents EP-0.036.052, EP-0.360.591 and EP-0.446.046.
- the substrate defines a set of channels extending over its entire length. These channels are adjacent and extend parallel to each other.
- the channel section is chosen square.
- the object of the invention is to propose a mechanical power generator comprising a diesel engine and a catalytic converter for pollution of diesel engine exhaust, the catalytic converter having high efficiency, without risk of clogging.
- the invention relates to a mechanical power generator, of the aforementioned type, characterized in that each channel has a hexagonal section, and in that the hydraulic diameter of each channel is greater than 900 ⁇ m.
- the mechanical power generator comprises one or more of the following characteristics: - the density of channels in the cross section of the substrate per unit area expressed in inches 2 is between 400 and 900;
- the density of channels in the cross section of the substrate per unit area expressed in inches 2 is between 500 and 800;
- the density of channels in the cross section of the substrate per unit area expressed in inches 2 is substantially equal to 600;
- the thickness of the porous walls is between 2 and 5 (50.8 ⁇ m and 127 ⁇ m);
- the thickness of the porous walls, expressed in millipouce, is substantially equal to 3 (76.2 ⁇ m); - each channel has the section of a regular hexagon;
- the substrate has a homogeneous and continuous structure defining channels whose surfaces are covered with a coating of catalytic material.
- the invention further relates to the use, in an exhaust line of a diesel engine, of a catalytic converter arranged in an exhaust line, this converter comprising a substrate defining adjacent channels, characterized in that each channel has a hexagonal section and the hydraulic diameter of each channel is greater than 900 ⁇ m.
- - Figure 2 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of a catalytic converter used in the invention
- - Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the catalytic converter used in the invention.
- Figure 1 is shown a mechanical power generator according to the invention.
- This is for example used for the propulsion of a motor vehicle.
- This generator comprises a motor 12 connected, for its fuel supply, to a diesel storage tank 14.
- the exhaust outlet of the engine 12 is connected to an exhaust line 16 equipped with a catalytic converter 18.
- a particle filter can advantageously be arranged upstream or downstream of the catalytic converter 18.
- the engine 12 is a diesel engine.
- diesel engine is understood to mean an internal combustion engine with high compression causing the self-ignition of the fuel consisting of diesel or heavy oil. This type of engine is distinguished from petrol engines by the absence of an ignition system proper.
- the diesel engine is a type engine operating at a temperature generally above 200 ° C. This temperature is measured at the outlet of the exhaust manifold, that is to say at the outlet of the engine. This temperature is generally between 200 ° C and 900 ° C.
- this engine produces a relatively large amount of fine carbonaceous particles at the outlet, consisting of soot resulting from combustion in the diesel engine.
- This amount of soot is greater than that produced by an engine operating at low temperature, that is to say at a temperature below 200 ° C.
- the catalytic converter 18 comprises a porous substrate 20 contained in an envelope 21 connected to the exhaust line.
- This substrate 20 defines, as illustrated in FIG. 2, adjacent and parallel channels 22 extending along the entire length of the substrate, from one end to the other thereof in the general direction F of exhaust gas flow.
- All channels have an identical section. According to the invention and as illustrated in FIG. 3, the section of the channels is hexagonal, each channel defining a regular hexagon.
- the channels are separated from each other by plane longitudinal walls 24 each forming one side of a hexagon. These walls have a total thickness e which is the same for all the walls.
- the substrate 20 is formed of a structure 26 covered with a coating 28 of catalytic material known under the English term "washcoat".
- the structure consists of a homogeneous and continuous block in which the channels 22 are defined.
- the thickness of the walls of the structure is between 50 and 150 ⁇ m. This thickness is designated by ei in the following description.
- the structure 26 is advantageously formed of a porous honeycomb structure, for example made of ceramic.
- each channel is covered with a catalytic material forming the washcoat.
- a catalytic material forming the washcoat.
- different thicknesses of "washcoat” are observed. In particular, the thickness is greater in the "corners".
- the average thickness denoted e 2 of the coating 28 made of catalytic material is between 5 ⁇ m and 200 ⁇ m and is preferably of the order of 50 ⁇ m. Examples of catalytic material are given in documents EP-0.601.314, EP-0.244.127 and EP-1.044.058.
- the total thickness e of a wall of the substrate is equal to ei + 2 e 2 .
- the dimensioning of the channels 22 delimited in the substrate; that is to say the structure covered with the catalytic material is such that the hydraulic diameter HD of each channel 22 is greater than 900 ⁇ m.
- the hydraulic diameter HD of a channel is defined as being the diameter of the circle inscribed in the hexagon delimiting the section of the channel formed in the substrate covered with "washcoat".
- the structure 26 covered with the catalytic material 28 and the substrate are characterized by their number of channels per inch 2 , one inch being equal to 2.54 cm.
- the substrate 20 is characterized by the thickness of the walls expressed in millipouce with a millipouce equal to 25.4 ⁇ m.
- the structure of a catalytic converter can be defined by the couple X / Y where X is the number of channels per unit area of its section expressed in inch 2 and Y is the thickness ei of the walls of the structure expressed in mils.
- the number X is actually equal to the "cpsi”.
- the number X of channels per inch 2 is between 400 and 900, preferably between 500 and 800 and at best substantially equal to 600.
- each wall of the structure is advantageously between 2 and 5 millipers (50.8 ⁇ m to 127 ⁇ m). It is preferably equal to 3 millipers (76.2 ⁇ m).
- a 600/3 catalytic converter whose channel density (cpsi) is equal to 600 channels per inch 2 , with a wall thickness equal to 3 millipers (76.2 ⁇ m) and a minimum washcoat thickness of 50 ⁇ m , has, for each channel, a hydraulic diameter HD equal to 940 ⁇ m.
- the channels have a section which is sufficient to prevent clogging due to the soot carried by the exhaust gases.
- hexagonal sections allows the catalytic converter to have better compatibility with the presence of soot in the exhaust gases.
- cpsi 400/6 substrate By taking as a reference a cpsi 400/6 substrate, we see that it is possible to obtain a gain of 12% to 14% in the treatment of carbon monoxide emissions by using cpsi 600/3 substrates. However, among the substrates of cpsi 600/3, those with square section canals clog quickly and are even completely blocked after only 20 hours of use. On the other hand, the substrates of cpsi 600/3 with channels of hexagonal section are still functional after 38 hours of use. It is therefore found that the latter have an efficiency at least equal to that of the 600/3 square substrates, while having an increased longevity (at least equal to the 400/6 square substrates).
- the catalytic converter according to the invention therefore makes it possible to obtain both good efficiency for reducing the emission of carbon oxides (14%) and delayed clogging (38 hours).
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2003263273A AU2003263273A1 (en) | 2002-07-08 | 2003-07-08 | Mechanical power generator comprising a diesel engine and a catalytic converter |
EP03762748A EP1546518A1 (fr) | 2002-07-08 | 2003-07-08 | Generateur de puissance mecanique comportant un moteur diesel et un convertisseur catalytique |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0208567A FR2841937B1 (fr) | 2002-07-08 | 2002-07-08 | Generateur de puissance mecanique comportant un moteur diesel et un convertisseur catalytique |
FR02/08567 | 2002-07-08 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004005680A1 true WO2004005680A1 (fr) | 2004-01-15 |
Family
ID=29725280
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2003/002125 WO2004005680A1 (fr) | 2002-07-08 | 2003-07-08 | Generateur de puissance mecanique comportant un moteur diesel et un convertisseur catalytique |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1546518A1 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20050046710A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2003263273A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2841937B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2004005680A1 (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA200500085B (fr) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0382434A2 (fr) * | 1989-02-06 | 1990-08-16 | Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co. Ltd. | Méthode de purification des gaz d'échappement d'un moteur diesel |
DE19961483A1 (de) * | 1998-12-21 | 2000-07-06 | Denso Corp | Reinigungskatalysator für das Abgas eines Verbrennungsmotor |
US20020061268A1 (en) * | 1999-05-07 | 2002-05-23 | Rolf Bruck | Combustion engine assembly with a small volume catalytic converter |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS605545B2 (ja) | 1980-03-19 | 1985-02-12 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 低膨脹セラミックスおよびその製法 |
EP0244127A1 (fr) | 1986-04-16 | 1987-11-04 | Johnson Matthey, Inc., | Procédé pour le réglage catalytique des gaz déchappement de véhicules automobiles |
JPH074534B2 (ja) | 1988-09-22 | 1995-01-25 | 日本碍子株式会社 | ハニカム構造体およびその製造法 |
JPH03258911A (ja) | 1990-03-08 | 1991-11-19 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | ディーゼル微粒子用フィルタ |
DE4239875C2 (de) | 1992-11-27 | 1999-02-11 | Degussa | Abgasreinigungssystem zur Verminderung der Kohlenwasserstoff-Emissionen während des Kaltstarts von Verbrennungskraftmaschinen |
GB9800325D0 (en) | 1998-01-09 | 1998-03-04 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Improvements in catalytic materials |
-
2002
- 2002-07-08 FR FR0208567A patent/FR2841937B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-07-08 KR KR1020057000254A patent/KR20050046710A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-07-08 EP EP03762748A patent/EP1546518A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-07-08 WO PCT/FR2003/002125 patent/WO2004005680A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-07-08 AU AU2003263273A patent/AU2003263273A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2005
- 2005-01-05 ZA ZA200500085A patent/ZA200500085B/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0382434A2 (fr) * | 1989-02-06 | 1990-08-16 | Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co. Ltd. | Méthode de purification des gaz d'échappement d'un moteur diesel |
DE19961483A1 (de) * | 1998-12-21 | 2000-07-06 | Denso Corp | Reinigungskatalysator für das Abgas eines Verbrennungsmotor |
US20020061268A1 (en) * | 1999-05-07 | 2002-05-23 | Rolf Bruck | Combustion engine assembly with a small volume catalytic converter |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2841937A1 (fr) | 2004-01-09 |
KR20050046710A (ko) | 2005-05-18 |
EP1546518A1 (fr) | 2005-06-29 |
FR2841937B1 (fr) | 2006-07-14 |
AU2003263273A1 (en) | 2004-01-23 |
ZA200500085B (en) | 2005-10-19 |
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