WO2004001334A1 - 静電容量式液体センサ - Google Patents
静電容量式液体センサ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004001334A1 WO2004001334A1 PCT/JP2003/007633 JP0307633W WO2004001334A1 WO 2004001334 A1 WO2004001334 A1 WO 2004001334A1 JP 0307633 W JP0307633 W JP 0307633W WO 2004001334 A1 WO2004001334 A1 WO 2004001334A1
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- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- container
- electrode
- liquid sensor
- conductive
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
- G01P15/006—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of fluid seismic masses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
- G01C9/02—Details
- G01C9/06—Electric or photoelectric indication or reading means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
- G01C9/18—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids
- G01C9/20—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids the indication being based on the inclination of the surface of a liquid relative to its container
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
- G01P15/02—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
- G01P15/02—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
- G01P15/08—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
- G01P15/02—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
- G01P15/08—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values
- G01P15/125—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values by capacitive pick-up
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
- G01C9/02—Details
- G01C9/06—Electric or photoelectric indication or reading means
- G01C2009/062—Electric or photoelectric indication or reading means capacitive
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a capacitive liquid sensor using a conductive liquid, which is suitable as an inclination sensor, an acceleration sensor, and a seismic sensor.
- the tilt sensor is a sensor used to measure the tilt angle of the DUT to which it is attached from the horizontal or vertical axis.
- an acceleration sensor and a seismic sensor are sensors used to measure the acceleration applied to an object to which it is fixed. Since rainy people have different measurement targets, different sensors suitable for measuring each physical quantity are usually selected and used.
- a liquid sensor using a conductive liquid has been known as a sensor that can be used for measuring both the inclination angle and the acceleration while using the same sensor.
- This liquid sensor is based on the principle that the surface of the liquid is always horizontal when the liquid is at rest, and when the container of the sensor with the liquid inside tilts, the angle of the container with respect to the liquid surface inside is detected. Measure the angle of inclination of the container. Conversely, when a horizontal acceleration is applied to the sensor container placed horizontally, the liquid surface in the sensor is tilted, and the tilt angle is detected to measure the applied acceleration. Things.
- a sensor that measures the inclination angle and the acceleration using such a principle is called a liquid sensor.
- a resistance type and a capacitance type are known as a method of detecting the inclination angle between the surface of the liquid contained therein and the container in the liquid sensor.
- a resistance type for example, a technique is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-131600. As shown in the vertical cross-sectional view of Fig. 20, this sensor encloses an appropriate amount of conductive liquid 102 in a cylindrical metal container 101 with one end closed, and the opening is a metal circle. It is covered with plate 103. Further, a pair or two pairs of metal electrodes 104 from the lower disc 103 are fixed to the disc 103 in a state of being electrically insulated therethrough.
- the angle between the container 101 and the internal liquid surface 105 changes, and the metal electrode 104 becomes conductive.
- the contact area with the ionic liquid 102 changes, and the electrical resistance between the metal container 101 and each metal electrode 104 changes. Therefore, the change in the resistance value is measured to detect the inclination angle of the container 101 or the magnitude of the acceleration applied to the container 101.
- this sensor has almost half the volume inside a container 1 1 2 with both ends of a conductive cylindrical frame 1 1 0 placed horizontally and covered with insulating plates 1 1 1.
- a conductive liquid 1 1 3 and the insulating liquid 1 1 4 with a smaller specific gravity than this, and the outer surface of the insulating plate 1 1 1 at both ends 1 15 is provided.
- this capacitance type sensor a normal insulating plate is used as a dielectric for forming a capacitor. Since this insulating plate constitutes a part of the container 112, its thickness cannot be reduced too much. Therefore, it is difficult to increase the capacitance of the capacitor, the detection sensitivity is low, and it is difficult to increase the detection accuracy.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-118418 discloses a position displacement signal generator using a capacitance type.
- this device one electrode alone and two electrodes of a dielectric structure having electrodes such as aluminum conversion foil are immersed in an electrolytic solution placed in a container, and an electric element is placed between the electrodes. It has a connected configuration.
- the container containing the electrolyte or the electrode itself is displaced, the contact area between the electrode of the dielectric structure and the electrolyte changes, and the capacitance between the electrode alone and the electrode changes. Therefore, it is a device that attempts to detect the displacement by measuring the change.
- Aluminum foil is used for the electrodes of the dielectric structure.
- Aluminum conversion foil is formed by forming an aluminum oxide film, which is a dielectric, by anodizing the surface of aluminum foil. Since the aluminum film formation has a problem in stability, it is difficult to secure the stability and reliability of the sensor over a long period of time. Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention has been made to solve such problems of the prior art, and an object thereof is to provide a capacitance type liquid sensor capable of maintaining stability and reliability over a long period of time. To provide.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an electrically insulating cylindrical closed container having two parallel side surfaces, wherein openings are provided on the two side surfaces, and silicon oxide skin is provided on at least one side.
- the plate-shaped main electrode on which the film is formed is brought into contact with the side surface with the oxide film inside the container to close the opening, and a sealing agent is interposed liquid-tightly in the gap between the plate-shaped main electrode and the side surface. Insert and fix.
- a capacitance type liquid sensor characterized in that a conductive liquid having a volume approximately equal to 1/2 of the internal volume is sealed in the container, and a sub-electrode electrically contacting the conductive liquid is provided in the container. This is achieved by providing
- the liquid sensor with such a configuration has excellent electrical and chemical stability for the dielectric forming the capacitor and uses a very thin silicon oxide film, so that the stability and reliability are maintained over a long period of time. It has the advantage that it can be maintained and can be made small.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a closed container, a conductive liquid sealed therein and occupying approximately one-half of the inner volume of the closed container, and an electric connection from one end face of the closed container to the closed container.
- a pair of lead terminals insulated and fixed in an insulated manner, and an electrode having a silicon oxide film formed on the surface thereof, which is attached to each end of the lead terminal and which is connected to the electrode when the closed container is stationary.
- a capacitance comprising: a main electrode disposed so that a part thereof is positioned on a liquid surface of the conductive liquid; and a sub-electrode which is brought into conductive contact with the conductive liquid. This is also achieved by providing a liquid based sensor.
- the liquid sensor with this configuration also has excellent electrical and chemical stability for the dielectric forming the capacitor, and uses a very thin silicon oxide film, so that the stability and reliability over a long period of time are maintained. , And has the advantage of being compact.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a liquid sensor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of the liquid sensor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a front view of the liquid sensor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid sensor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the case where the liquid sensor according to the first embodiment of the present invention is used as an inclination sensor.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram when the liquid sensor according to the first embodiment of the present invention is used as an acceleration sensor.
- FIG. 7 is an example of an AC bridge circuit that converts a difference in capacitance of a capacitor on a main electrode surface into a voltage.
- FIG. 8 is an external perspective view of a liquid sensor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid sensor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a method of attaching a main electrode to a cylindrical container.
- FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of a liquid sensor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing an electrode arrangement inside a container of a liquid sensor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram when the liquid sensor according to the third embodiment of the present invention is used as an inclination sensor.
- FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram when the liquid sensor according to the third embodiment of the present invention is used as an acceleration sensor.
- FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram of a liquid sensor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows a pole arrangement.
- FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the internal electrode arrangement of the liquid sensor according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram when a liquid sensor having the electrode arrangement shown in FIG. 16 is used as a tilt sensor.
- FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the internal electrode arrangement of the liquid sensor according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a longitudinal sectional view in the case where a sub-electrode penetrating the lower disk is provided in the liquid sensor according to the third and fourth embodiments.
- FIG. 20 is a longitudinal section of an example of a resistance type liquid sensor according to the related art.
- FIG. 21 is an example of a capacitance type liquid sensor according to the related art.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the appearance of the liquid sensor of the present embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a front view thereof
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof (A-A sectional view)
- FIG. A cross-sectional view (BB cross section) is shown.
- openings 13 and 14 are provided on two parallel side surfaces 2 and 3 of a cylindrical container 6 that seals the rain end, and the surfaces of the openings 13 and 14 are oxidized with silicon.
- the plate-shaped main electrodes 4 and 5 covered with the film are fitted and sealed, and a suitable amount of the conductive liquid 7 is sealed inside, and the metal sub-electrode rod 8 is inserted into the conductive liquid 7 from the upper lid 11.
- the container 6 is a cylindrical container having two parallel sides 2 and 3. It suffices to have two faces parallel to the side, and the cross section does not necessarily have to be rectangular.
- the upper and lower openings 9 and 10 are sealed by an upper lid 11 and a lower lid 12.
- the cylindrical container 6 including the upper lid 11 and the lower lid 12 is formed of an electrically insulating material such as ceramic, hard glass, and synthetic resin.
- the two parallel side surfaces 2 and 3 are formed with rectangular openings 13 and 14 that are elongated in the vertical direction.
- Each of the four end faces 15 and 16 forming the openings 13 and 14 is formed by cutting all outer corners 17 and 18 into a rectangular cross-section in the extending direction of each end face 15 and 16.
- Notched portions 19 and 20 are formed to be cut out and into which a plate-like member can be fitted.
- the cutouts 19, 20 allow the cross-sectional area of the openings 13, 14 to be smaller than the cross-sectional area of the openings 13, 14 inside the container, starting from the middle of the sides 2, 3 in the thickness direction. However, the cross-sectional area of the openings 21 and 22 on the outside of the container is smaller.
- the plate-like main electrodes 4 and 5 are fitted into the openings 21 and 22.
- the plate-like main electrodes 4 and 5 are made of silicon (Si) and have a silicon oxide film formed on at least the entire surface on one side.
- the shape is such that the area is larger than the cross-sectional area of the openings 13 and 14 inside the container and slightly smaller than the cross-sectional area of the openings 21 and 22 outside the container.
- the notches 19 and 20 are fitted so that the surfaces of the notches 19 and 20 come into contact with the bottom surfaces 23 and 24.
- Lead wires 25 and 26 for extracting the potential of the main electrodes are connected to the outer surfaces of the main electrodes 4 and 5 by a conductive paste and soldering or the like to the electrode surface portions from which the silicon oxide film has been removed.
- the silicon (S i) that is the material of the main electrodes 4 and 5 As the silicon (S i) that is the material of the main electrodes 4 and 5, single crystal silicon, amorphous silicon, polycrystalline silicon, or the like is used.
- the silicon oxide film can be formed by a general method used in an IC manufacturing process such as a thermal oxidation method or a CVD method.
- a thermal oxidation method or a CVD method When the plate-shaped main electrodes 4 and 5 are fitted, the gaps between the main electrodes 4 and 5 and the bottom portions 23 and 24 of the notches 19 and 20 and the main electrodes 4 and 5
- the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the notch and the side surfaces of the notches 19, 20 is filled with a sealing agent 28, such as low-melting glass or a synthetic resin adhesive, and the main electrodes 4, 5 are filled in a cylindrical container 6. It is tightly fixed.
- a conductive liquid 7 of approximately 2 of the inner volume of the cylindrical container 6 is sealed inside the sealed cylindrical container 6, a conductive liquid 7 of approximately 2 of the inner volume of the cylindrical container 6 is sealed.
- the metallic sub-electrode rod 8 is fixedly penetrated to the upper lid 11 such that its tip is immersed sufficiently deep in the conductive liquid 7.
- the sealant 28 When the conductive liquid 7 comes into contact with the sealant 18, the sealant 28 swells to lower the adhesive strength, or the components of the sealant 28 dissolve into the conductive liquid 7 to change the electrical conductivity. Therefore, it is desirable that the contact area between the conductive liquid 7 and the sealant 28 be as small as possible. For this reason, when fitting the main electrodes 4 and 5 into the openings 13 and 14, apply an appropriate amount of sealant 28 to the bottom surfaces 23 and 24 of the notch so as not to protrude, and press it. Fit. Then, in order to firmly fix the main electrodes 4 and 5, a sufficient amount of the sealing agent 28 from the outside of the closed container 6 is applied to the outer peripheral surfaces of the main electrodes 4 and 5 and the container opening adjacent to the outer peripheral surfaces. Apply to raise.
- a liquid prepared by dissolving an electrolyte such as lithium nitrate or potassium iodide in a solvent is used.
- a solvent methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, Organic solvents such as alcohols such as isopropyl alcohol, ketones such as acetate and methylethyl ketone, and ethers such as diethylene glycol monobutyl ether are suitable. These solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the remaining upper space in the cylindrical container 6 is filled with an inert gas.
- the operation of the liquid sensor 1 thus configured will be described.
- the inner surfaces of the main electrodes 4 and 5 are covered with a silicon oxide film. Since this silicon oxide film is a dielectric, a parallel plate capacitor C 1 having the main electrode 4 as one electrode and the conductive liquid 7 as the other electrode and the main electrode 5 as one electrode with the silicon oxide film interposed therebetween. And a parallel plate capacitor C2 using the conductive liquid 7 as the other electrode.
- the contact areas between the main electrodes 4 and 5 and the conductive liquid 7 are S 1 and S 2 respectively, the thickness of the silicon oxide film is t, and the dielectric constant is ⁇ , the electrostatic capacitance of the capacitors C 1 and C 2
- the capacitances C 1 and C 2 are represented by the following equations.
- the values of the capacitances C 1 and C 2 of the capacitors C 1 and C 2 are calculated from the contact areas S 1 and S 2 between the main electrodes 4 and 5 and the conductive liquid 7. Conversely, if the values of the capacitances C 1 and C 2 are known, the contact areas S 1 and S 2 between the main electrodes 4 and 5 and the conductive liquid 7 can be calculated. .
- the liquid sensor 1 of the present embodiment is used as an inclination sensor using such a relationship. Assume that the cylindrical container 6 is placed so that its central axis is perpendicular to the liquid surface 17 of the conductive liquid 7 as shown in FIG. In this state, since the contact areas S 1 and S 2 between the main electrodes 4 and 5 and the conductive liquid 7 are equal, the values of the capacitances C 1 and C 2 are equal.
- the liquid sensor 1 can be used as an inclination sensor.
- the liquid sensor 1 of the present embodiment is used as an acceleration sensor.
- the cylindrical container 6 is fixed to a horizontal object so that the central axis is vertical, and as shown in FIG.
- horizontal acceleration is applied in the vertical linear direction.
- the conductive liquid 7 in the cylindrical container 6 is moved to the side opposite to the acceleration direction due to its inertia, and the liquid level 27 is horizontal. Tilt from position to tilt angle S.
- a difference occurs between the values of the capacitances C 1 and C 2
- the tilt angle 0 can be obtained by measuring the difference.
- the liquid sensor 1 can be used also as an acceleration sensor. Since the seismic sensor is a kind of acceleration sensor, the liquid sensor 1 can be used as a seismic sensor.
- Fig. 7 shows a so-called AC bridge circuit that measures the difference between the capacitances C1 and C2 by converting the difference into a voltage change.
- the capacitors C 3 and C 4 in the figure are fixed capacitors with the same capacitance.
- the connection point ⁇ 1 between the capacitors C 1 and C 2 corresponds to the conductive liquid 7, and the connection points X 1 and X 2 correspond to the lead wires 25 and 26 connected to the outer surfaces of the main electrodes 4 and 5.
- the potential of the conductive liquid 7 is taken out by the sub electrode rod 8.
- an AC voltage source 32 is connected between a connection point Y between the capacitors C 3 and C 4 and the connection point Y 1. Since the conductivity of the conductive liquid 7 is adjusted so as to be sufficiently lower than the impedance of the capacitors C1 and C2, the resistance can be ignored.
- the voltmeter 31 When an AC voltage is applied to the connection points Yl and ⁇ 2 by the AC voltage source 32, if the difference between the capacitances of the capacitors C1 and C2 is small, the voltmeter 31 will have the capacitors C1 and C2. A voltage appears that is approximately proportional to the difference in capacitance. Therefore, By measuring the voltage of the capacitor C1, the difference between the capacitances of the capacitors C1 and C2 can be determined. When the difference between the capacitances is obtained, the inclination angle of the liquid sensor 1 or the acceleration applied to the liquid sensor 1 can be obtained from the value.
- the capacitors C3 and C4 in the AC bridge circuit in Fig. 7 can be measured even if they are replaced with fixed resistors.
- the liquid sensor of the first embodiment could measure only the inclination angle or acceleration along a line perpendicular to the surface of the main electrode because the main electrode was a pair.
- the liquid sensor of the second embodiment is a liquid sensor having a configuration capable of measuring an inclination angle or acceleration along two directions orthogonal to each other in a horizontal plane.
- FIG. 8 is an external perspective view of the liquid sensor 1a of the present embodiment
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view thereof. Note that the liquid sensor 1a of the present embodiment has many parts having the same structure as the liquid sensor 1 of the first embodiment, and thus the same or corresponding parts as those of the liquid sensor 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the cylindrical container 6 is formed in a rectangular tube shape.
- the difference from the liquid sensor 1 of the first embodiment is that the plate-shaped main electrodes 4a and 5a are additionally provided, and the other points are the same.
- the mounting structure of the plate-shaped main electrodes 4, 5, 4a, and 5a on the side surface of the cylindrical container 6 is the same as that of the first embodiment.
- the plate-shaped main electrodes 4, 5.4a, 5a By arranging the plate-shaped main electrodes 4, 5.4a, 5a in this manner, the inclination angle or angular velocity along a line perpendicular to the surface of the main electrodes 4, 5 and the main electrodes 4a, 5a
- the inclination angle or angular velocity along a line perpendicular to the surface of a can be measured simultaneously. That is, it is possible to simultaneously measure the inclination angle or acceleration along two directions orthogonal to each other in the horizontal plane. Therefore Calculate the maximum tilt direction and acceleration direction on a two-dimensional surface and the magnitudes of those values by combining the tilt angles or accelerations in the two directions measured in such a way simultaneously. Can be.
- the liquid sensors 1 and la of the first and second embodiments described above may be modified as follows.
- the bottom surfaces of the main electrodes 4 and 5 and the notches 19 and 20 are formed.
- the electrodes 4 and 5 were fixed to the cylindrical container 6 in a liquid-tight manner. In order to further assure this fixation and liquid tightness, as shown in Fig.
- the bottoms 23, 24 of the notches 19, 20 are concave, U-shaped, V-shaped, etc. It is preferable that the grooves 29, 30 are formed, and the space formed by the formed grooves 29, 30 and the main electrodes 4, 5 is filled with the sealing agent 28 in a liquid-tight manner.
- the main electrodes 4 and 5 are fixed to the cylindrical container 6 by the three peripheral surfaces, so that the fixing is strengthened and the effect of preventing liquid leakage is improved.
- a metal electrode rod 8 was fixed as a sub-electrode so as to penetrate the upper lid 11 and to be immersed sufficiently in the conductive liquid 7.
- all or part of the lower lid 12 is formed of a conductive material to serve as a sub-electrode, and a lead wire is attached to that part to form the conductive liquid 7. It may be configured to take out the electric potential of the element.
- the entire outer surfaces of the plate-shaped main electrodes 4 and 5 fitted into the notches 19 and 20 are covered with a sealant. In this way, the outer surfaces of the plate-shaped main electrodes 4 and 5 can be protected.
- FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of the liquid sensor of the present embodiment
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing the arrangement of electrodes inside the sensor. '
- the liquid sensor 40 of the present embodiment is a liquid sensor having a pair of main electrodes, and includes a container 41, a conductive liquid 42, a disk 43, and first and second lead terminals 44, 45. , And the first and second main electrodes 46 and 47.
- the container 41 is a substantially cylindrical container having one end closed, and is made of a conductive material.
- a metal resistant to corrosion for example, stainless steel is used.
- the opening of the cylindrical container 41 is closed by a disk 43 to form a closed structure as a whole.
- the disk 43 is also made of a conductive material.
- the inside of a closed container 48 composed of the container 41 and the disk 43 is filled with a conductive liquid 42 in an amount of about 1 / the internal volume.
- As the conductive liquid 42 the same liquid as that described in the first embodiment is used.
- An inert gas is sealed in the upper space of the sealed container 48.
- the first and second lead terminals 44, 55 are fixed through the disk 43 while being electrically insulated from the disk 43.
- First and second main electrodes 46 and 47 are attached to the ends of the lead terminals 44 and 55 protruding into the sealed container 48.
- the portions of the lead terminals 44, 55 protruding into the sealed container 48 are covered with an insulating resin so as not to make electrical contact with the conductive liquid 42.
- the connection between the lead terminals 44, 55 and the main electrodes 46.47 is also covered and protected by insulating resin.
- the main electrodes 46 and 47 have the same shape and are both formed in a strip shape. This is to increase the surface area of the electrode to increase the capacitance, and to easily measure the change in the capacitance.
- the main electrodes 46 and 47 are arranged such that the strip-shaped surfaces face each other and the main electrode surfaces are parallel as shown in FIG. In other words, they are mounted facing each other so that the line connecting the two lead terminals 44, 55 is perpendicular to the respective surfaces of the main electrodes 46, 47.
- the main electrodes 46 and 47 are electrodes having a thin silicon oxide film formed on the surface of a conductive material. With a thin silicon oxide film serving as a dielectric interposed therebetween, a parallel plate contenser having the main electrode as one electrode and the conductive liquid 2 as the other electrode is formed.
- a silicon material such as monocrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, or polycrystalline silicon is used as in the first embodiment because of the necessity of forming a silicon oxide film on the surface thereof. Similar to the first embodiment, the silicon oxide film is formed by a general method used in the IC manufacturing process such as a thermal oxidation method or a CVD method.
- the liquid sensor 40 of the present embodiment can be used as a tilt sensor, or as an acceleration sensor or a seismic sensor, like the liquid sensor 1 of the first embodiment.
- Fig. 13 shows the case where the sealed container 48 is used as a tilt sensor.
- the sealed container 48 is tilted from the vertical axis by a tilt angle ⁇ along the line connecting the lead terminals 44, 55, the main The contact area between the electrode 46 and the conductive liquid 42 increases, and the capacitance of the capacitor composed of the main electrode 46, the silicon oxide film, and the conductive liquid 42 increases. Conversely, the capacitance of the capacitor composed of the main electrode 47, the silicon oxide film, and the conductive liquid 42 decreases.
- the value of the inclination angle e can be obtained by measuring the difference in the capacitance with the bridge circuit shown in FIG.
- the potential of the conductive liquid 42 is taken out of the closed container 48 made of a conductive material.
- Fig. 14 shows the case where the liquid sensor 40 is used as an acceleration sensor.
- the capacitance of the capacitor composed of the main electrode 46, the silicon oxide film, and the conductive liquid 42 also increases. Conversely, the capacitance of the capacitor composed of the main electrode 47, the silicon oxide film, and the conductive liquid 42 decreases. Therefore, the magnitude of the acceleration applied to the closed container 48 can be determined by measuring the difference in the capacitance.
- the liquid sensor 40 of the third embodiment can measure only the inclination angle or acceleration along the line connecting the lead terminals 44 and 55 because the main electrode is a pair.
- the liquid sensor of the fourth embodiment is a sensor obtained by expanding the liquid sensor 40 of the third embodiment so as to measure the inclination angle or acceleration along two directions orthogonal to each other in the horizontal plane. is there.
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing the arrangement of the main electrodes inside the container of the liquid sensor 40a of the present embodiment.
- the present liquid sensor 40a is obtained by additionally providing a pair of main electrodes 50 and 51 inside a closed container 48.
- the four main electrodes 46, 47, 50, 51 are arranged so that the surfaces of adjacent electrodes are perpendicular to each other, that is, the lines connecting the lead terminals of each pair are orthogonal to each other, and The wires are attached so that they are perpendicular to the surface of the main electrode attached to each lead terminal.
- the inclination angle or acceleration along a line perpendicular to the surface of the main electrodes 46, 47 and the main electrode 5 can be measured simultaneously. That is, it is possible to simultaneously measure the tilt angle or acceleration along two directions orthogonal to each other in the horizontal plane. Therefore, by combining the two inclination angles or accelerations measured simultaneously in this way in a vector manner, the maximum inclination on the two-dimensional surface is calculated. Oblique directions and directions of acceleration, and the magnitudes of these values can be obtained (modifications of the third and fourth embodiments).
- the liquid sensors 40 and 40a of the third and fourth embodiments described above may be modified as follows.
- the surface of the main electrode 46.47 provided in the closed container 48 is mounted so as to be placed on the same plane as shown in FIG. Is also good.
- the contact area between each main electrode and the conductive liquid 42 changes as shown in FIG. Therefore, the inclination angle of the sealed container 48 can be obtained by measuring the difference. Acceleration can also be determined in a similar manner.
- each main electrode surface has an effect of suppressing undesired rotational movement of the conductive liquid 42 in the closed container 48.
- the potential of the conductive liquid 42 was taken out of the closed container 48 made of a conductive material, but as shown in FIG.
- the conductive sub-electrode 52 may be attached and taken out through the disk 43 closing the portion.
- the liquid sensors 40 and 40a were used in a posture in which the disc 3 was the bottom, but the disc 3 was turned upside down and the closed container 48 was used. It may be used in a posture in which is set downward.
- the main electrodes facing each other are parallel.However, as long as the difference in capacitance between the electrodes facing each other can be detected by a bridge circuit.
- the main electrodes may not be parallel.
- the main electrode surface does not necessarily have to be flat.
- the main electrode may be rod-shaped.
- the main electrode in order to increase the contact area with the conductive liquid and increase the capacitance, the main electrode is placed in the conductive liquid with a triangular or half cross section. It may be configured to protrude so as to form a circle.
- the main electrodes are constituted by pairs, but the main electrodes may be constituted by one electrode.
- one main electrode is arranged at a position shifted from the center of the closed container.
- the capacitance value in this case can be measured by connecting a capacitor consisting of a raw electrode, a silicon oxide film, and a conductive liquid to one side of the bridge circuit.
- the liquid sensor according to the present invention is suitable as a sensor for detecting the inclination angle of an object or the direction and magnitude of acceleration applied to an object in a horizontal direction. It is also suitable as a seismic sensor.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/518,407 US7360424B2 (en) | 2002-06-20 | 2003-06-16 | Capacitance-type liquid sensor |
AU2003241684A AU2003241684A1 (en) | 2002-06-20 | 2003-06-16 | Capacitance-type liquid sensor |
EP03733456A EP1515117A1 (en) | 2002-06-20 | 2003-06-16 | Capacitance-type liquid sensor |
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2002179789A JP2004020518A (ja) | 2002-06-20 | 2002-06-20 | 静電容量式液体センサ |
JP2002-179789 | 2002-06-20 | ||
JP2003-131731 | 2003-05-09 | ||
JP2003131731A JP2004333372A (ja) | 2003-05-09 | 2003-05-09 | 静電容量式液体センサ |
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WO2004001334A1 true WO2004001334A1 (ja) | 2003-12-31 |
Family
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PCT/JP2003/007633 WO2004001334A1 (ja) | 2002-06-20 | 2003-06-16 | 静電容量式液体センサ |
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US (1) | US7360424B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1515117A1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100453971C (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003241684A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004001334A1 (ja) |
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2003
- 2003-06-16 WO PCT/JP2003/007633 patent/WO2004001334A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2003-06-16 AU AU2003241684A patent/AU2003241684A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-06-16 EP EP03733456A patent/EP1515117A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-06-16 CN CNB038170949A patent/CN100453971C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-06-16 US US10/518,407 patent/US7360424B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20050210979A1 (en) | 2005-09-29 |
CN1668892A (zh) | 2005-09-14 |
EP1515117A1 (en) | 2005-03-16 |
US7360424B2 (en) | 2008-04-22 |
AU2003241684A1 (en) | 2004-01-06 |
CN100453971C (zh) | 2009-01-21 |
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