WO2003044452A2 - Procede et systeme aidant un utilisateur a realiser des mesures au moyen d'une machine de mesure de coordonnees - Google Patents

Procede et systeme aidant un utilisateur a realiser des mesures au moyen d'une machine de mesure de coordonnees Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003044452A2
WO2003044452A2 PCT/US2002/036996 US0236996W WO03044452A2 WO 2003044452 A2 WO2003044452 A2 WO 2003044452A2 US 0236996 W US0236996 W US 0236996W WO 03044452 A2 WO03044452 A2 WO 03044452A2
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tolerance
feature
control frame
geometric dimension
deviation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2002/036996
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2003044452A3 (fr
Inventor
Kenneth J. Steffey
Paul C. Atwell
Daniel J. Perreault
Thomas W. Schenck
Original Assignee
Faro Technologies, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Faro Technologies, Inc. filed Critical Faro Technologies, Inc.
Priority to AU2002357737A priority Critical patent/AU2002357737A1/en
Publication of WO2003044452A2 publication Critical patent/WO2003044452A2/fr
Publication of WO2003044452A3 publication Critical patent/WO2003044452A3/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
    • G01B11/005—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates coordinate measuring machines
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
    • G01B21/04—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness by measuring coordinates of points
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • G05B19/0423—Input/output

Definitions

  • the invention relates in general to coordinate measurement machines (CMMs) and in particular to a method and system for assisting a user taking measurements using a CMM.
  • CMMs coordinate measurement machines
  • GD&T is a mathematical language using specific terms and symbols to define a part's size, form, orientation and location of features based on how the part will function in the final product. Therefore, GD&T allows a designer to define a part's dimensions based on the part's final usage. In other words, GD&T is essentially a language used for "functional dimensioning.” Using GD&T to define a part allows greater design freedom and lower manufacturing costs. Without GD&T, a designer might arbitrarily and unknowingly define a part's tolerances too tight for cost effective manufacturing.
  • FIG. 2 shows a chart with various GD&T symbols and the corresponding characteristic.
  • GD&T data is typically represented in a format known as a document feature control frame shown by way of example in FIG. 3.
  • a standard convention exists for the creation of the document feature control frame.
  • the document feature control frame is typically found on a document such as a design drawing, specification or part of a digital definition of a part.
  • the standard convention stipulates a number of tolerances and data features, which should be used in determining the acceptability of the corresponding part.
  • the intemationally accepted standard is ASME Y14.5M-1994 (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) or ISO 1101 (International Organization for Standardization). Many hours of training are required to become proficient in applying and using tolerance standards such as ASME Y14.5M-1994/ISO 1101.
  • the inspector must first review the document corresponding to the panel, and any GD&T data thereon. Next, the inspector must take measurements and perform complex mathematical calculations based on the data in the document feature control frame 20. Thus, determining the appropriate measurements and calculations during an inspection required technical skill in addition to GD&T training. Usually, only highly trained individuals, such as engineers and skilled technicians with GD&T training, could interpret tolerance requirements and plan an accurate approach to measuring and inspecting the corresponding part.
  • Disclosed is a method and system for testing a target object for compliance with existing geometric dimension and tolerance requirements comprising: measuring a selected feature of the target and entering the existing geometric dimension and tolerance requirements into a user interface. Entering includes selecting an icon containing a graphic symbol representative of a geometric dimension and tolerance characteristic.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary system for assisting a user taking measurements using a CMM
  • FIG. la is an example of the system of FIG. 1 according to one embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a chart showing various GD&T symbols and the corresponding characteristic
  • FIG. 3 depicts an exemplary document feature control frame
  • FIG. 4 depicts three exemplary document feature control frames containing one datum, multiple datums and no datums;
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary procedure for assisting a user taking measurements using a CMM
  • FIG. 6 depicts an exemplary user interface showing a feature results dialog box
  • FIG. 7 depicts an exemplary user interface showing a symbol toolbar having symbol icons representing various GD&T symbols
  • FIG. 8 depicts an exemplary user interface showing a review features dialog box
  • FIG. 9 depicts an exemplary user interface showing tolerance and datum dialog boxes for circularity
  • FIG. 10 depicts an exemplary user interface showing tolerance and datum dialog boxes for concentricity
  • FIG. 11 depicts an exemplary user interface showing tolerance and datum dialog boxes for cylindricity
  • FIG. 12 depicts an exemplary user interface showing tolerance and datum dialog boxes for flatness
  • FIG. 13 depicts an exemplary user interface showing tolerance and datum dialog boxes for parallelism
  • FIG. 14 depicts an exemplary user interface showing tolerance and datum dialog boxes for perpendicularity
  • FIG. 15 depicts an exemplary user interface showing tolerance and datum dialog boxes for profile
  • FIG. 16 depicts an exemplary user interface showing tolerance and datum dialog boxes for straightness
  • FIG. 17 depicts an exemplary user interface showing tolerance and datum dialog boxes for position
  • FIG. 18 depicts an exemplary user interface showing a feature control frame and tolerance and datum dialog boxes for composite position
  • FIG. 19 depicts an exemplary user interface showing a datum select box
  • FIG. 20 depicts an exemplary user interface showing tolerance results for a measured feature
  • FIG. 21 depicts an exemplary user interface for reporting results
  • FIG. 22 depicts another exemplary user interface for reporting results
  • FIG. 23 depicts another exemplary user interface for reporting results
  • FIG. 24 depicts another exemplary user interface for reporting results.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary system 10 for assisting a user taking measurements of a target 7 using a coordinate measurement machine (CMM) 2.
  • Target 7 is a part or other object to be tested to determine whether it conforms to GD&T requirements that were defined at design-time.
  • Document 3 contains GD&T data
  • document 3 may also be representative of GD&T data that is communicated to the user orally or embedded into a digital definition of the target, e.g., in a CAD/CAM database.
  • System 10 may include a processor 4 in operative communication with the CMM 2 providing a user interface 1 to receive a feature measurement and corresponding GD&T data, and to determine whether the measured feature is acceptable based on the GD&T data.
  • User interface 1 may include a monitor, touchscreen, keyboard, mouse and/or the like. Also, the user interface 1 may include a suitable format for allowing the user to follow prompts, select icons, enter data and review the results. In one embodiment, the user interface 1 may include a user interface showing a feature control frame 28 for accessing dialog boxes to aid the user in selecting icons, entering GD&T data and reviewing the results.
  • Processor 4 may be implemented using a general-purpose computer executing a computer program for carrying out the processes described herein.
  • processor 4 may comprise a digital signal processor or microprocessor embedded in a special purpose system 10.
  • Processor 4 may be in operative communication with storage device 5 for storing data, and to output device 6 for displaying, printing, and/or transmitting data.
  • Storage device 5 may be a mass storage device located locally or accessed via a network.
  • storage device 5 may comprise random access memory, or other machine readable media, such as FLASH RAM or optical memory.
  • Processor 4 executes software applications that may be implemented through computer programs. The computer programs and related data may be stored on the processor 4 and/or may be stored on the storage device 5.
  • System 10 includes software that enables processor 4 to perform complex calculations to assist a user in determining a part's compliance with design documents and GD&T requirements. As described herein, the need for a user to make critical measurement decisions and perform difficult calculations is eliminated. Therefore, the necessity for a user who has technical skills and/or GD&T training is removed.
  • user interface 1 allows the user to simply follow prompts, select icons, enter data and review the results. Therefore, an untrained or inexperienced person may use CMM 2 to determine a part's compliance with design and GD&T criteria with minimal instruction.
  • FIG. la shows an exemplary embodiment of system 10 including a CMM 2 comprising an articulated arm and a user interface 1 comprising a touch screen and keypad.
  • Processor 4 and other components of CAMM system 10 not shown in Figure la may be located within the housing of user interface 1 or externally thereto.
  • CMM 2 is an articulated arm having a base 12 at one end and a probe 14 at an opposite end.
  • a series of joints are provided along the length of the articulated arm allowing probe 14 to be positioned at any point within reach of the articulated arm.
  • one or more transducers measure the angular displacement of the succeeding portion of the arm relative to the preceding portion. Each of these measurements are utilized to accurately and precisely determine the position of probe 14 in relative to base 12.
  • CMM 2 allows a user to easily measure the position of various features of target 7.
  • FIG. 2 is a chart showing various symbols used in the GD&T system and their corresponding meanings.
  • GD&T data is presented in mechanical drawings in the format of a document feature control frame 20 as shown in the example of FIG. 3.
  • the exemplary document feature control frame 20 is for parallelism.
  • Document feature control frame 20 includes a first section 22 containing a GD&T symbol from FIG. 2, and a second section 24 for indicating the tolerance. Additional sections may be utilized for providing references to datums.
  • Datums are points, lines, planes, cylinders, axes, etc., from which the location or geometric relationship of other target features may be established or related. In cases where a datum is not touchable, it may be inferred from datum features. For example, a datum axis which cannot be touched may be established by the extremities or contacting points of a cylindrical surface or the axis formed at the intersection of two planes. Datums that are touchable may be referred to as "datum features.” System 10 automatically infers datums from datum features.
  • first section 22 contains the GD&T symbol for parallelism
  • second section 24 indicates that the tolerance is .005
  • third section 26 contains the letter "A", indicating that the measurements are to be taken with respect to datum A.
  • the parallelism tolerance of FIG. 3 (the condition of the surface an equal distance to all points from datum plane A) allows a slab-shaped tolerance zone of .005 as defined by two parallel planes within which the surface of the feature must lie.
  • Document 3 (FIG. 1) will indicate the location of datum A on target 7 which is defined at design time.
  • GD&T data will typically be in document feature control frame format discussed above, GD&T data may also be in other formats such that a person of ordinary skill in the art will be able to transfer the GD&T information to system 10 with little or no training.
  • Document 3 containing GD&T data may be in any form, such as paper or electronic. Typically, document 3 will be a formal engineering drawing of the target being tested and may exist on paper or in computer memory and displayable on a computer display. GD&T data may also exist in a computer database generated by CAD software.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary flow diagram 100 of a procedure for assisting a user taking measurements of a target using a CMM 2.
  • a user selects a feature to evaluate for conformance with GD&T specifications.
  • the feature and GD&T data will be provided in document 3 (FIG. 1).
  • the user may choose to first take measurements or first enter the GD&T data.
  • the user may first measure all datum features, and then the features for GD&T testing.
  • the user may choose to first measure feature with having a GD&T specification, then measure any required datums.
  • Feature results dialog box 32 shown in FIG. 6 displays the location and orientation of the measured feature, in this case a plane.
  • the procedure then proceeds to box 110, wherein the user will select a feature label, i.e., name the feature just measured.
  • a feature label i.e., name the feature just measured.
  • this is done simply by entering the new feature label in label box 38.
  • the procedure shown in flow diagram 100 then proceeds to box 112, wherein the user may determine if the feature just measured is a datum. If the feature is a datum, the procedure then flows to box 114 wherein the user selects a datum identifier. Typically, the user will select a datum identifier that corresponds to the datum identifier of the measured feature in the document. Referring again to FIG. 6, the feature is designated a datum by checking check-box 34. Checking check-box 34 activates datum identifier box 40 allowing the user to enter the datum identifier therein, using, e.g., selector 36.
  • Selector 36 may be a spinner, drop-down list box, or other selector as generally understood in the field of graphical user interfaces. Selector 36 may default to the next previously unassigned letter beginning with "A". In other words, the selector 36 may include an alphabetically ascending list, wherein previously assigned datums do not appear in the datum identifier box 40. In the exemplary results screen shown in FIG. 2, the feature having the label PLANEOOl is designated as datum since checkbox 34 is checked. Furthermore, PLANEOOl has been identified as datum C since the letter "C" appears in datum identifier box 40.
  • a datum feature having now been measured and assigned a label and datum identifier proceeds to box 1 16.
  • system 10 determines whether the feature requires an unmeasured datum to test for compliance with a GD&T specification. Since no GD&T specification (i.e., GD&T data) has been entered, the answer is no, and the procedure proceeds to box 118 wherein a GD&T results dialog box is displayed.
  • the GD&T results dialog comprises a results dialog such as that shown in FIG. 6, but with the addition of a modified document control frame shown by way of example in FIG. 20.
  • the modified document control frame will be explained in further detail below.
  • box 120 provides an opportunity for the user to review the features, if necessary.
  • An exemplary review features dialog 48 is shown in FIG. 8. In this example, the position and orientation of PLANEOOl is shown which is based on 14 measurements taken.
  • the user having now measured a feature, assigned a label to the feature, identified the feature as a specific datum if necessary, and optionally reviewed the measurement data of the feature, is now ready to measure another feature along with associated GD&T data to determine if this new feature meets GD&T specifications defined at design-time.
  • the user selects a new feature to be evaluated. This time, however, we assume that the user chooses to first enter in GD&T data prior to measuring the feature. The user therefore proceeds to box 124 wherein he selects a GD&T symbol from a toolbar shown in user interface 1 (FIG. 1, 1a).
  • An exemplary tool bar is shown at FIG. 7 and contains various symbols recognizable from GD&T specifications outlined by ASME and the ISO.
  • the user interface 1 may include a symbol toolbar 56 with symbol icons 70 including symbol icons for circularity, concentricity, cylindricity, flatness, parallelism, perpendicularity, and straightness. Other GD&T symbols for additional characteristics may of course be implemented.
  • the user may select one of the symbol icons 70 representative of the GD&T symbol in the corresponding document feature control frame 20 (FIG. 3).
  • the GD&T symbol icon selected from toolbar 56 will typically correspond to the GD&T symbol shown in the document control frame provided on the document 3 (FIG. 1).
  • the user is essentially entering the GD&T data from the selected feature by first selecting the GD&T symbol from a user interface element such as toolbar 56 shown in FIG. 7.
  • GD&T data dialogs 58A-58J for circularity, concentricity, cylindricity, flatness, parallelism, perpendicularity, profile (line), straightness, single position and composite position are respectively shown in FIGS. 9-18.
  • Other dialogs for surface profile, angularity, runout, and symmetry, may of course also be implemented.
  • Each of GD&T data dialogs 58A-58J include a feature control frame 20A-20J, respectively.
  • Each feature control frame 20A-20J has a first section containing the GD&T symbol for the GD&T characteristic being tested which corresponds to the GD&T symbol selected from toolbar 56 shown in FIG. 7.
  • GD&T characteristics for data dialog boxes 58A-58J will be described in further detail below. For now, it is sufficient that the user will enter data into feature control frames 20A-20J corresponding to the GD&T data of the feature being tested.
  • Feature control frame 20E shown in GD&T data dialog 58E has a first section containing the symbol for parallelism, a second section in which the user may input the desired tolerance amount, which defines the threshold for pass or fail of the target with respect to that feature. In this case, the user has entered 0.02 as the tolerance amount. (Units are defined elsewhere in the system in a known manner.) Finally, because the GD&T type is "parallelism" the feature being tested must have a datum reference for the parallelism to be tested.
  • the feature must be parallel to another feature of the target within a tolerance of 0.02; that other feature being, by definition, a datum.
  • datum C which may correspond to plane PLANEOOl discussed in the example above.
  • the user need not recall that datum C is PLANEOOl. All that is required of the user is to enter the information from the feature control frame in the document 3 (FIG. 1) into feature control frame 20E in GD&T data dialog 58E. This is a significant advantage over prior systems, particularly where the target is complex and has many features to be tested.
  • the procedure outlined in flow diagram 100 next flows to box 130 wherein the user determines whether the particular feature being tested has previously been measured. If so, the procedure flows to box 132 and the user selects the previously- measured feature.
  • the first option is to select the feature from a feature list, which contains the labels of each measured feature.
  • Each GD&T data dialog box 58A-58J contains a corresponding feature selector 74A-74J. This may be implemented in any known manner, e.g., using a drop-down list such as that shown in FIGS. 13-16, or a simple list box such as that shown in FIGS. 17 and 18. Other graphical user interface elements known in the art for selecting an item may of course be used.
  • One useful feature provided by system 10 is that features represented in the feature selector 74A-74J which are designated to be datums may be distinguished by displaying such features in a different font or text style or color from the features that are not designated as datums.
  • a second option is provided, permitting the user to select the measured feature from the screen, i.e., utilizing a CAD-like interface, the user may select the feature to be tested by pointing to a graphical representation of the feature.
  • Each GD&T data dialog box 58A-58J contains a "select from screen" button 64A-64J. Selecting one of buttons 64A-64J will display a CAD-like interface showing a perspective view of the target. The user simply uses a pointing device such as a mouse or a touch screen to select the feature to be measured on the target. Referring back to box 130 of flow diagram 100 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 9 shows a selection "MEASURE AS CIRCLE” displayed in feature selector 74A.
  • GD&T data entered as described above requires an unmeasured datum. For example, suppose the user indicated that the feature was to be measured with respect to datum C, which was the previously measured plane. Therefore, system 10 will proceed directly to box 118 of flow diagram 100 and display the results. However, if, for example, a datum B was referenced in the feature control dialog 58A-J, and the identifier "B" has not yet been assigned to a feature, then the procedure proceeds to box 134 of flow diagram 100 wherein a datum select dialog such as that shown in FIG. 19 will be displayed.
  • the user may select a feature to be assigned to Datum B as described above with reference to GD&T data dialog boxes 58A-J. If datum B has not yet been measured, then the user may select "MEASURE AS PLANE", "MEASURE AS CYLINDER” etc from drop down list 74K in the datum select dialog shown in FIG. 19.
  • the computer now has sufficient data to calculate whether or not the measured feature falls within the tolerance specifications defined by the GD&T data entered and a GD&T modified document feature control frame as discussed above is displayed.
  • a review features dialog 48 as discussed above with respect to FIG. 8 is displayed. Formatted output of multiple features is also available, e.g., by selecting the "PRINT" button in review results dialog 48.
  • System 10 is capable of providing outputs in various formats. A unique aspect of system 10 is that it can generate a modified feature control frame that displays GD&T data along with corresponding GD&T results. An exemplary modified feature control frame 60 is shown in FIG. 20.
  • Exemplary modified feature control frame 60 includes a top section 80 containing a label for the GD&T data and results; a first section 82 containing the GD&T symbol corresponding to the type of tolerance tested; a second section 84 showing the maximum allowable tolerance; a third section 86 showing the actual deviation amount; and a fourth section 88 showing the amount beyond the allowable tolerance.
  • the maximum allowable tolerance is .030, while actual deviation amounted to .026. Since the actual deviation is within the maximum allowable, no value is shown in fourth section 88 of modified feature control frame 60.
  • FIG. 21 shows an exemplary formatted output of a tested target having multiple GD&T tolerances.
  • Target 7 is shown in perspective or isometric view.
  • a list of GD&T data results (not shown) is provided separately which permits the user to select the results to show.
  • a modified feature control frame is displayed adjacent the feature tested with an arrow extending from the modified feature control frame to the tested feature thereby establishing a visible link between the data and the corresponding feature.
  • Each modified feature control frame may be clicked and "dragged" to a new location on the screen with the arrow continuing to indicate the feature related to the modified feature control frame.
  • FIG. 22 shows another embodiment of a modified feature control frame which also shows labels of the feature or features tested below the fourth section.
  • FIG. 23 shows another embodiment of a modified feature control frame in which identifies the actual deviation, but not the allowed maximum deviation or the amount of deviation in excess of the allowed maximum. In this case, whether the actual deviation is within the tolerance may be indicated by displaying feature control frame in a unique color. For example, a green modified feature control frame may indicate that the deviation is within allowable tolerance while a red feature control frame may indicate that the deviation is not within allowable tolerance.
  • FIG. 24 shows another embodiment of a modified feature control frame that shows the tolerance, i.e., allowed maximum deviation, and the actual deviation, but not amount of deviation in excess of the allowed maximum.
  • the user may decide for him- or herself which format of a modified feature control frame to use, and in particular what information is required and what information is superfluous and therefore may be left out, thereby producing a less cluttered output screen.
  • One advantage of system 10 thus far described is that it consistently utilizes the symbology and language of GD&T standards from input, through measurement and manipulation of data, to output, thereby greatly enhancing the ease of use of the system as a whole. While prior measurement system utilize a technical and arcane database- table format for storing and displaying tolerance information, system 10 as disclosed herein provides a simplified interface that is consistent with itself and real- world applications.
  • the order for entering and selecting data and taking measurements may be altered without affecting the nature and scope of the invention.
  • other embodiments may include taking the datum measurements at the same time as entering the GD&T data and/or taking feature measurements, or any combination thereof.
  • Other embodiments may also enter and select data in a different order than that described herein.
  • other embodiments may include screens and dialog boxes in an entirely different format and appearance than that described herein, without affecting the nature and scope of the invention.
  • FIG. 9 shows an exemplary GD&T data dialog 58 A for circularity.
  • Circularity determines the form of a single feature based on the specific tolerance of a concentric circle. Circularity concerns form only on the surface of a feature, and does not require a datum. However, when measuring for circularity, a measured feature does not have to be perfectly formed as long as its measurements fall within the set tolerance at the cross-sectional point of reference.
  • FIG. 10 shows an exemplary GD&T data dialog 58 B for concentricity.
  • Concentricity determines how well a cylinder fits inside of another cylinder.
  • a concentric tolerance is the area where the axis of the measured feature is the same as the axis of the datum. Therefore, the median points of both the feature and the datum must be within the tolerance entered.
  • the user may enter a specific length, or click the USE FEATURE LENGTH 66 A option. The entire length of both the datum and the measured feature is important when calculating concentricity.
  • FIG. 11 shows an exemplary GD&T data dialog 58C for cylindricity. Cylindricity determines the form at the top and bottom surface of a cylinder.
  • cylindricity is based on surface form as it is compared to itself, no datum is required.
  • the tolerance for cylindricity applies to the entire cylinder, therefore, the tolerance is typically based on the diameter of the cylinder at its widest point, rather than being based on a cross section of a single end of the cylinder. The entire cylinder must fit inside the tolerance zone.
  • FIG. 12 shows an exemplary GD&T data dialog 58D for flatness.
  • Flatness determines the flatness of a surface that has all its elements in one plane. The entire surface to be measured must fall between two parallel planes, and therefore, no datum is required. Typically, the tolerance is based on the total physical size of the surface being measured. A flatness tolerance is normally less than the target size tolerance because it must fit the two parallel planes of the target.
  • FIG. 13 shows an exemplary GD&T data dialog 58E for parallelism.
  • Parallelism determines the condition of a surface or center plane or axis that is equal in distance at all points from the datum plane.
  • FIG. 14 shows an exemplary GD&T data dialog 58F for perpendicularity. Perpendicularity determines the condition of a surface, center plane, or axis at a right angle (90 degrees) to a datum plane or axis.
  • FIG. 15 shows an exemplary GD&T data dialog 58G for profile. Profile determines lines, arcs, irregular surfaces or unusually-shaped profiles.
  • FIG. 16 shows an exemplary GD&T data dialog 58H for straightness.
  • Straightness determines how straight an element of a surface or an axis is, and since the element or axis is measured against itself, no datum is required.
  • straightness is used to control the form of cylindrical, conical or flat surfaces, and is displayed as a straight line.
  • the entire surface element is considered because the tolerance zone must be uniformly applied, whether or not the surface element is bowed, constricted, or barrel-shaped.
  • FIG. 17 shows an exemplary GD&T data dialog 581 for position. Position determines the position of points relative to the datum scheme.
  • FIG. 18 shows an exemplary GD&T data dialog 58J for composite position.
  • Composite position also determines the position of points relative to the datum scheme.
  • Composite position results in two values, the difference from position being in the assigned datums in upper and lower section of the feature control frame.
  • System 10 assists a user taking measurements of a target using a document containing geometric dimensioning and tolerancing data corresponding to the target may comprise: a coordinate measurement machine for measuring a feature on the target to obtain a feature measurement; a processor in operative communication with the coordinate measurement machine for providing a user interface, receiving the feature measurement, receiving the geometric dimensioning and tolerancing data and determining whether the feature measurement is acceptable based on the geometric dimensioning and tolerancing data; a storage device in operative communication with the processor for storing processor data; and an output device in operative communication with the processor for printing or transmitting data.
  • System 10 may be implemented on a multi-purpose computer using a storage medium encoded with machine-readable computer program code.
  • a computer data signal may comprise code configured to cause a processor to implement system 10 using a multipurpose computer.
  • the computer data signal may be embodied in a carrier wave. Further, the computer data signal may be unmodulated.
  • the computer program code segments configure the microprocessor to create specific logic circuits.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
  • User Interface Of Digital Computer (AREA)
  • A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un système permettant d'évaluer la conformité d'un objet cible avec des exigences existantes en matière de dimensions géométriques et de tolérance. Le procédé consiste à mesurer un attribut sélectionné de la cible, et à entrer les exigences existantes en matière de dimensions géométriques et de tolérance dans une interface utilisateur. Pour ce faire, il faut sélectionner une icône qui comporte un symbole graphique représentant une caractéristique de dimensions géométriques et de tolérance.
PCT/US2002/036996 2001-11-16 2002-11-15 Procede et systeme aidant un utilisateur a realiser des mesures au moyen d'une machine de mesure de coordonnees WO2003044452A2 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002357737A AU2002357737A1 (en) 2001-11-16 2002-11-15 Method and system for assisting a user taking measurements using a coordinate measurement machine

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US33231501P 2001-11-16 2001-11-16
US60/332,315 2001-11-16

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WO2003044452A2 true WO2003044452A2 (fr) 2003-05-30
WO2003044452A3 WO2003044452A3 (fr) 2003-10-30

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