Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28C7/00—Controlling the operation of apparatus for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other substances; Supplying or proportioning the ingredients for mixing clay or cement with other substances; Discharging the mixture
  • B28C7/16—Discharge means, e.g. with intermediate storage of fresh concrete
  • B28C7/161—Discharge means, e.g. with intermediate storage of fresh concrete with storage reservoirs for temporarily storing the fresh concrete; Charging or discharging devices therefor
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
  • B01F35/181—Preventing generation of dust or dirt; Sieves; Filters
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
  • B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
  • B28C5/10—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing
  • B28C5/12—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers
  • B28C5/14—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers the stirrers having motion about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis
  • B28C5/141—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers the stirrers having motion about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis with container tiltable or elevatable for emptying
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28C7/00—Controlling the operation of apparatus for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other substances; Supplying or proportioning the ingredients for mixing clay or cement with other substances; Discharging the mixture
  • B28C7/04—Supplying or proportioning the ingredients
  • B28C7/06—Supplying the solid ingredients, e.g. by means of endless conveyors or jigging conveyors
  • B28C7/064—Supply from sacks; Sack openers

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a device for preparing a product such as concrete or mortar comprising a mixing tank, a receiving hopper and means for introducing said kneaded product into said receiving hopper.
• the mixing tank having an upper pouring opening through which a pulverulent product is capable of being poured to penetrate inside said mixing tank.
• a field of application envisaged is notably, but not exclusively, casing systems for machines for spraying concrete or mortar.
• Known devices for preparing concrete or mortar such as spraying machines, include a mixing tank whose upper opening is closed by a receiving grid, and a receiving hopper covered by at least one protective grid. Concrete or mortar is pumped from the receiving hopper to be transported and sprayed.
• the basic materials introduced into the mixing tank to prepare the concrete or mortar generally include a mixture of binders, such as cement, sand and additives, which form a powdery mixture capable of generating dust when manipulates it.
• the mixture is generally transported in flexible containers or bags, to the spraying machine, where it is incorporated manually by an operator to make the concrete or mortar.
• An object of the present invention is therefore to propose a preparation device which makes it possible to prevent dust from reaching the operator's face, said dust being generally irritating or, at least, annoying for him.
• the device according to the invention comprising a mixing tank having an upper pouring opening through which a pulverulent product is capable of being poured inside said mixing tank and a receiving hopper, located in the vicinity of said kneading tank and means for introducing said kneaded product into said receiving hopper, furthermore comprises forced outward means arranged in a region of the device remote from said opening upper spill.
• a characteristic of the invention resides in the means of forced dust outlet to the outside that the air flow, generated in the mixing tank by the movement of the pulverulent products and which drives the dust, must borrow to exit of the tank. This makes it possible to prevent said dust from rising through the upper discharge opening and being projected onto the face of the operator, or at least to considerably limit this rise in dust.
• these forced exit means may or may not include means for sucking the air flow and dust towards the outside.
• the qualifier "forced" means that the outlet means conduct air to the outside while preventing a significant amount of dust-laden air (ie an annoying amount for the operator) does not come out directly through the upper opening of the tank. This forced nature of the air outlet may be due to suction or simply to a particular conformation of the discharge opening combined with judicious positioning of the air outlet means.
• said mixing tank comprises a lateral opening situated substantially in the vicinity of said opening upper spill.
• This lateral opening preferably cooperates with an air outlet to the outside making it possible to move the air and dust discharge a little further from the upper discharge opening.
• Said air outlet is either an opening or an air outlet duct. Said cooperation can be direct in which case, said lateral opening of the mixing tank is connected to an air outlet duct or indirect in which case, via the hopper, said lateral opening communicates with said air outlet.
• the forced outlet means comprise either the lateral opening alone, or the lateral opening associated with an air outlet.
• the dust is entrained by the air flow in the receiving hopper, so that at least a part can settle there.
• the devices known to date are generally used outdoors so that atmospheric precipitation, in particular, enters the receiving hopper and dilutes the mortar or the concrete, which modifies its mechanical properties.
• the receiving hopper has an upper opening and the device further comprises means forming a movable cover capable of closing said upper opening of said receiving hopper. , said movable cover means extending from said receiving hopper to said mixing tank so as to provide an air circulation path between said mixing tank and said receiving hopper.
• said air circulation path between said kneading tank and said receiving hopper establishes a permanent air circulation between said kneading tank and said hopper.
• any introduction of powder mixture likely to generate dust during mixing and which causes an air flow during the introduction into the mixing tank is likely to be channeled and oriented towards the receiving hopper.
• the device according to the invention comprises jointing means for substantially isolating the air circulation between said mixing tank and said receiving hopper vis-à-vis the outside.
• the air circulation between the mixing tank and the receiving hopper is substantially sealed so that the dust, entrained by the air flow, does not emerge in the open air near the operator and are then channeled into the receiving hopper to evacuate them away from the operator.
• said cover means have a first portion closing off a first part of said upper opening, said first portion being capable of being held in a fixed position, and a second movable portion capable of closing a second part of said upper opening and joining said mixing tank and said first portion.
• said upper opening is capable of being closed, in a substantially sealed manner, by the two portions, one of which is capable of being driven in movement relative to the other.
• said second movable portion has a first edge mounted articulated on said mixing tank and a second edge capable of joining said first portion, said second portion being capable of being engaged in guide means.
• the second movable portion is able to pivot relative to said mixing tank, when, simultaneously, it is guided by the guide means.
• the device comprises means for driving said mixing tank relative to said receiving hopper, for driving said mixing tank between a first working position, wherein said second edge of said second movable portion joins said first portion and a second emptying position, in which the mixing tank is located above said receiving hopper and in which said second portion is retracted, said guide means being capable of guiding said second movable portion between the first working position and the second emptying position.
• the air flow generated borrows said air circulation path protected by the means forming a cover having the two portions and during the phase of introduction of the kneaded product into the receiving hopper, said second portion is capable of being retracted to allow movement of said mixing tank relative to the receiving hopper.
• said second movable portion of said cover means has at least one transparent part forming a window directed towards said mixing tank. In this way, the operator located close to the mixing tank is capable of viewing the interior of the receiving hopper where the previous preparation is capable of being pumped.
• said cover means have a sealed surface.
• said cover means protect the upper opening of the receiving hopper from any splashes of water coming from the outside, for example precipitation, which would risk diluting the mortar or the concrete and would considerably modify its mechanical properties.
• said cover means fulfill their protective role that had the protective grids according to the prior art, vis-à-vis the operator.
• said receiving hopper comprises an air outlet to the outside in a region of the device remote from said upper opening of discharge, said air circulation path extending from said mixing tank to the air outlet. In this way, the dust is preferably channeled from the mixing tank to the receiving hopper between said cover means and said receiving hopper, isolated from the outside to route towards the air outlet. , away from the operator.
• said device comprises suction means capable of being associated with the means of forced exit to the outside.
• suction means extend the air outlet, whether the latter cooperates directly with the lateral opening of the mixing tank, or whether it is formed on the receiving hopper or on its cover.
• the forced outlet means are associated with filtration means capable of filtering said dust to prevent the toxic materials possibly contained in said dust from being released into the open air.
• said tank advantageously has an opening upper discharge fitted with a receiving grid through which a powdery product may be discharged inside said mixing tank, which comprises a cover, disposed across the upper discharge opening and having a spill part in which is disposed said receiving grid and a solid part extending in the space between said spill part and the edges of said upper discharge opening.
• a characteristic of the mixing tank resides in the method of partially closing the upper discharge opening by means of a cover, the discharge part of which, provided with a receiving grid, is capable of coinciding with the dimensions of the bag or of a shovel of powder mixture and allow the pouring of said mixture into the mixing tank, and the part which surrounds the pouring part consists of a solid part which obstructs the rest of the opening upper spill.
• the dust generated by the discharge has no other choice than that of borrowing the forced exit means towards the outside, arranged in a region remote from the operator, since the upper discharge opening is substantially completely closed, both by the bag or shovel of powdered product which is in abutment against the receiving grid and which closes the discharge part and by the solid part which closes the rest of the upper discharge opening.
• the kneading tank further comprises means forming a slicer arranged against said pouring part by dividing it substantially into two half-pouring parts, said means forming a slicer projecting into outside the mean plane of said solid part in the direction opposite to said mixing tank.
• said pouring part has a substantially rectangular shape, capable of to correspond substantially with half-containers or bags of rectangular parallelepiped shape.
• the reception grid is arranged in a recess relative to said solid part.
• the edge of the open section of container or bag when the powder mixture is poured into the mixing tank, are bordered by the solid part more tightly and the dust generated by the spill does not escape between the edge of the bag and said full part.
• the mean plane of said pouring part is spaced from the mean plane of said solid part towards said mixing tank and the edge of said solid part surrounding said pouring part has at least two opposite parts inclined towards one another. and towards the bottom of said mixing tank.
• said mixing tank comprises a cover arranged across the upper discharge opening and mounted articulated between the edge of said upper discharge opening and an upper edge of said lateral opening. In this way, the operator can fold said cover towards the receiving hopper to gain easier access to the interior of the mixing tank.
• said means for introducing said kneaded product into said receiving hopper comprises means for driving said kneading tank above said receiving hopper.
• a second alternative embodiment consists in placing said mixing tank partly above the receiving hopper and in providing the lower part with said mixing tank of a hatch opening directly into the receiving hopper and the opening of which makes it possible to introduce said kneaded product into said hopper.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a device for preparing concrete or mortar according to an embodiment in a first position
• FIG. 2 is a schematic transverse view of the concrete or mortar preparation device according to Figure 1 in its second position
• FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing a mixing tank which can be incorporated in an alternative embodiment of the device
• - Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a device for preparing concrete or mortar according to another mode of implementation
• - Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a device for preparing concrete or mortar according to Figure 1 where the outlet duct is arranged differently;
• FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing suction and filtration means which can be incorporated in an alternative embodiment of the device.
• the device comprises a receiving hopper 32 and a mixing tank 30 of cylindrical symmetry, in which the drive shaft of the blades 31 is disposed horizontally along the axis of symmetry of the mixing tank 30.
• the mixing tank 30 has two flanks facing each other 34, 36, an upper pouring opening 37 through which the products to be mixed are likely to be introduced and it is mounted articulated in the vicinity of a first edge 38 of the receiving hopper 32.
• the mixing tank 30 is capable of being driven in movement between a working position, as shown in FIG. 1 where it adjoins said receiving hopper 32 and a drain position, as illustrated in FIG. 2 where it is tilted above said receiving hopper 32 to empty the kneaded product in said receiving hopper 32.
• the mixing tank 30 includes a lateral opening 40 located opposite said receiving hopper 32 and that the product mixed is likely to cross according to arrow T in the emptying position.
• the lateral opening 40 has a lower edge 42 and an upper edge 44 said concrete or said mortar flowing between the two edges 42, 44 during emptying.
• the mixing tank 30 comprises a cover 80 disposed across the upper discharge opening 37 and mounted articulated between the edge of said upper discharge opening 37 and the upper edge 44 of the lateral opening 40. From the so, the operator can fold said cover 80 along V towards the receiving hopper 32 to gain easier access to the interior of the mixing tank 30.
• the receiving hopper 32 having an upper opening 45 includes cheeks 46, 48 substantially parallel to one another and audits the sides 34, 36 of the mixing tank 30 and they overcome the receiving hopper 32 by joining respectively the external wall of the mixing tank. mixing 30 defined by said sides 34, 36.
• the cheeks 46, 48 are spaced from one another and they define a free space inside a first part of which a portion of the mixing tank 30 is susceptible to embed itself when it is carried in said emptying position.
• the upper opening 45 of the receiving hopper 32 is closed off by means forming a cover made up of solid panels which are substantially waterproof.
• first panel 50 the first longitudinal edge 52 of which bears against the second opposite edge 54 of the first edge 38 of the receiving hopper 32, the lateral edges of the first panel 50 respectively connecting the parallel cheeks 46, 48.
• the second longitudinal edge 56 of the first panel 50 located directly above the receiving hopper 32, connects two points facing said cheeks 46, 48.
• the first panel 50 is capable of being articulated around its second longitudinal edge 56 , held between the two points of said cheeks 46, 48, to be raised along R by means of a handle 58 to access if necessary, inside the receiving hopper 32.
• the cover means comprise a second panel 60, the first longitudinal edge 62 of which is articulated on the mixing tank 30 in the vicinity of said upper edge 44 of the lateral opening 40.
• the lateral edges of the second panel 60 extend between said cheeks opposite 46, 48 and the second longitudinal edge 64, opposite the first longitudinal edge 62 substantially joins the second longitudinal edge 56 of the first panel 50 in the working position, as shown in Figure 1.
• the opening 45 of the receiving hopper 32 is closed by the cheeks 46, 48, the first panel 50 and the second panel 60 which border the air circulation path.
• the second movable portion 60 has a transparent part 63 forming a longitudinal bezel directed towards said mixing tank so that the operator, located near the mixing tank, his head above the upper discharge opening, can observe the contents of the receiving hopper 32.
• the receiving hopper 32 has, near the second opposite edge 54, an air outlet 66 in the form of an opening, so that the air circulation path extends from the lateral opening 40 from the mixing tank 30, to the air outlet 66 which, in this case, is made in the panel 50.
• the dust generated is entrained by the flow of air through the lateral opening 40 along T in the receiving hopper 32, in which a part is liable to sediment.
• the air outlet 66 remote from the upper discharge opening 37, where the operator is located, allows the rest of the dust to escape into the open air along S. As shown in FIG.
• the air outlet 66 can be made in one of the cheeks 46, 48 of the upper opening 45 of the receiving hopper 32.
• said outlet can be made at different locations of the hopper so as to define one end of the air circulation path, in order to allow the dust contained in said path to escape towards the outside.
• the second longitudinal edge 64 of the second panel 60 is capable of being guided in translation under said first panel 50, when the mixing tank 30 is driven in movement towards said emptying position, as shown in FIG. 2, by means of two parallel raceways 68, 70.
• the two raceways 68, 70 opposite are respectively integral with the inner wall of the cheeks 46, 48 and extend substantially from the vicinity of the second longitudinal edge 56 to the second opposite edge 54.
• the second panel 60 is provided with rollers, in its lateral edges, capable of cooperate with the raceways so that the second panel can be guided during the emptying phase and kept apart from the lateral opening 40 through which the concrete s' flows into the receiving hopper 32.
• the second longitudinal edge 64 of second panel 60 is driven toward the second opposite edge 54, under the first panel 50, and pivots relative to the mixing tank 30.
• the mixing tank 30 is located partly above the hopper.
• the means for introducing said kneaded product into said receiving hopper 32 comprise a hatch 202 located in the lower part of said tank opening directly into the receiving hopper 32 and the opening of which allows said kneaded product to be introduced into said hopper.
• the latter has an upper opening 45 surmounted by a protective grid 201.
• the mixing tank has a lateral upper opening 40 through which the air flow, generated by the pouring of the pulverulent products through the opening upper spill 37, is likely to come out.
• This lateral upper opening 40 communicates with an air outlet in the form of the air outlet duct 266 ensuring the routing of said air flow, which causes dust, towards a region remote from said upper discharge opening 37.
• These two means (opening 40, conduit 266) associated with the small size of the receiving grid 120 of the tank 30 constitute the forced exit means of this type of device. It would however be possible to envisage a similar device without the air outlet duct 266, in which a passage formed between the lateral opening 40 of the mixing tank 30 and the receiving hopper 32 would allow the flow of air generated inside the tank 30 to be driven from said lateral opening 40 towards the protective grid 201 of the hopper 32.
• the air outlet 66 can be extended by suction means 106 capable of entraining the air, and thereby the dust , outwards.
• suction means 106 capable of entraining the air, and thereby the dust , outwards.
• FIG. 1 when the air flow generated by the discharge of the powder mixture is not large enough to evacuate the dust or when the bag is removed from the discharge opening 37, the means of suction 106, create a vacuum in the mixing tank 30 and in the receiving hopper 32 and facilitate evacuation to the air outlet 66.
• the suction means 106 use the exhaust gases of an engine, in particular that which is used for driving the mixer of the tank or, for example, for driving d 'a generator, and are formed by a device having a Venturi effect.
• the air outlet 66 is connected to a pipe 205.
• the exhaust gases flow along F2 in a pipe 206 which opens into this pipe 205.
• the difference in diameter between the pipe 205 and the pipe 206 creates a suction phenomenon air, causing dust, coming from the air outlet 66 according to F1.
• the assembly consisting of gases, air and dust is driven along F3 to the filtration means 108 intended to retain said dust to prevent the toxic materials which they possibly contain from being released into the open air.
• Said filtration means may consist of a filter or a separating cyclone. In this latter hypothesis, as shown in FIG. 6, the dust falls in the lower part of said cyclone and the air freed from the dust escapes through the upper opening, according to F4.
• FIG. 3 illustrating a mixing tank 30, comprising a cover 114, arranged across of the upper discharge opening 37, the edges of which it completely covers 116.
• the cover 114 has a discharge part 118 in which is disposed a receiving grid 120 that the pulverulent products necessary for the manufacture of concrete or mortar are susceptible to cross, and a solid part 122 extending in the space between the discharge portion 118 and the edges 116 of the upper discharge opening 37.
• the surface delimited by the pouring part 118 corresponds substantially to the surface of at least the open section of the flexible containers or bags of pulverulent product, delimited by a free edge.
• the pulverulent product pours through the pouring part 118 when the flexible container is arranged so that the free edge of the open section of the bag is in contact with said receiving grid 120 and the bottom of the bag, opposite the open section , being oriented in a direction opposite to the receiving grid 120.
• the pulverulent product During the spillage, the pulverulent product generates dust and an air flow through the mixing tank 30, said air flow and the dust which it transports remaining confined in the mixing tank 30 thanks to the solid part 122 since the open bag section obstructs the discharge part and the solid part 22 closes the space between the pouring part 118 and the edges 116 of the upper opening spill 37.
• the mixing tank further comprises longitudinal means 124 forming a trencher disposed against said spill portion 118 and extending between two first opposite edges 125, 126 of the solid portion 122, dividing substantially into two spill half-portions 127, 128 substantially rectangular, said discharge portion 118.
• the longitudinal means 124 are formed of a blade having teeth 130 so as to facilitate the slicing of the bag when it is supported there.
• the receiving grid 120 is arranged in a recess with respect to the discharge part 118 so that the mean plane of said discharge part 118 is spaced from the mean plane of said solid part 122 towards the bottom 132 of said tank. mixing 30.
• the two second opposite edges 134, 136 of the solid part 122 are inclined towards one another and towards the bottom 132 of said mixing tank 30.
• the bag is generally sliced in its middle part, by applying one of its two main faces against the longitudinal means 124, so as to obtain two half-bags each having an open section close to one of the 'other and bounded by a free edge.
• the powder mixture is poured out by lifting the two half-bags against each other, the free edges of the bags pressing against the first and second opposite edges 125, 126 and 134, 136 so as to compress the free edges of the bags towards each other to seal the openings of the bags and the discharge portion 118 even more tightly.
• the grid 120 which consists of parallel bars between them connecting the two second opposite edges 134, 136, makes it possible to block the two half-bags when their open section is in abutment against them, while letting the pulverulent mixture pour out in the bottom 132 of the mixing tank 30 and ensuring operator safety.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
• Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (1)

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Citations (7)

• 2002
  • 2002-10-30 DE DE60224426T patent/DE60224426T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-10-30 ES ES02785566T patent/ES2298407T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-10-30 PT PT02785566T patent/PT1439939E/pt unknown
  • 2002-10-30 WO PCT/FR2002/003734 patent/WO2003037587A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 2002-10-30 EP EP02785566A patent/EP1439939B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-10-30 DE DE02785566T patent/DE02785566T1/de active Pending

Patent Citations (7)

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