WO2003031215A1 - Transmission assembly comprising two clutches and an electric machine, in particular for motor vehicle - Google Patents

Transmission assembly comprising two clutches and an electric machine, in particular for motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003031215A1
WO2003031215A1 PCT/FR2002/003347 FR0203347W WO03031215A1 WO 2003031215 A1 WO2003031215 A1 WO 2003031215A1 FR 0203347 W FR0203347 W FR 0203347W WO 03031215 A1 WO03031215 A1 WO 03031215A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drum
assembly
assembly according
clutch
crankshaft
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2002/003347
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Ciriaco Bonfilio
Patrick Luczak
Eric Marie
Original Assignee
Valeo Embrayages
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Embrayages filed Critical Valeo Embrayages
Priority to DE10297305.9T priority Critical patent/DE10297305B4/en
Publication of WO2003031215A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003031215A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/02—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of clutch
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/42—Clutches or brakes
    • B60Y2400/424—Friction clutches
    • B60Y2400/4242—Friction clutches of dry type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Definitions

  • Transmission assembly comprising two clutches and an electric machine, in particular for a motor vehicle
  • the present invention relates to a transmission assembly comprising two clutches and an electric machine, in particular for a motor vehicle.
  • a transmission assembly in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising two clutches and an electric machine and disposed between the internal combustion engine of the vehicle and its gearbox, each of the clutches comprising a clutch mechanism associated with a friction disc and the electric machine consisting of a rotor and a stator, the clutch mechanisms being integral in rotation with the rotor of the electric machine and the friction disc associated with the first clutch mechanism being integral in rotation of the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, while the second friction disc associated with said second clutch mechanism is integral in rotation with the input shaft of the gearbox.
  • Such an assembly allows, for example, after seeing disengaged the clutches, to stop the internal combustion engine and restart it by inertia and / or by operating the electric machine as a motor, which, when is mechanically driven by the motor, can operate as a generator.
  • Such an assembly is for example of the type described in document FR-2 797 230.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a transmission assembly of the above kind which is simple to produce, compact, which has few parts and which solves the problem of relative alignment of the ends of the crankshaft and of the shaft. entry of the gearbox, a problem all the more important the greater the axial distance between the engine and the gearbox.
  • a transmission assembly of the above kind is characterized in that the crankshaft is extended in an extension whose end and that of the input shaft of the gearbox are in support relationship and centering with respect to each other.
  • the extension of the crankshaft or the input shaft of the gearbox carries at the end a cooperating nose, with the interposition of a bearing, with a housing at the end of the input shaft of the gearbox or the extension of the crankshaft.
  • the friction disc associated with the first clutch mechanism is integral in rotation with the crankshaft by means of the extension of the latter.
  • the extension of the crankshaft carries external splines which cooperate with internal splines of a hub provided with a flange which comprises the friction disc.
  • the rotor of the electric machine is integral in rotation with the first clutch mechanism by means of a drum.
  • the drum is integral in rotation with the cover of the first clutch mechanism; the cover is fixed by its internal periphery frontally at the end of the drum; the drum and the cover are in one piece; the drum has an annular body with a U-section, the bottom of which extends generally radially and the wings axially, the outer wing being extended axially and radially so that the cover of the mechanism to which the reaction plate is assembled peripherally is formed. ; the columns are crimped into the bottom of the drum; the drum holder has at least one opening for the passage of a crimping tool.
  • the bottom of the drum has a recess defining an annular groove, which recess has at least one opening for the passage of a pushing tool.
  • the drum is integral with the reaction plate of the first clutch; the drum is of C-shaped section and has an axially extending external cylindrical wing in which a circumferential edge of the reaction plate is centered; the rim is extended according to axial studs to which the cover is fixed.
  • the reaction plate is common to the two clutches.
  • the drum is carried by a drum holder by means of bearings.
  • a declutching device being provided for controlling each of the two clutches, at least one of the declutching devices is of the concentric type.
  • the declutching device provided for controlling the first clutch is of the concentric type and comprises two parts in relation to a piston cylinder defining a working chamber of variable volume supplied with hydraulic fluid by a channel dug in the drum holder; preferably, the fixed part of the variable volume chamber is carried by the drum holder, the declutching device extending axially in line with said drum holder; advantageously, the declutching device and the drum holder surround the extension of the crankshaft.
  • the declutching device provided for controlling the second clutch is of the concentric type and comprises two parts in relation to cylinder-piston defining a chamber of variable volume supplied with hydraulic fluid; advantageously, the declutching device extends axially between the friction disc associated with the second clutch and the gearbox; preferably, the declutching device and the drum holder surround the input shaft of the gearbox.
  • At least one of the friction discs is of the rigid type.
  • at least one of the friction discs is of the torsion damper type.
  • At least one of the clutch mechanisms includes a wear take-up device.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial axial sectional view of an assembly according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 showing a variant
  • FIG. 3 is a partial axial sectional view showing another variant of an assembly according to the invention.
  • a transmission assembly disposed between an internal combustion engine, of which the end of the crankshaft is seen at 10, and a gearbox, of which the shaft is seen at 11 input, comprises a first clutch 20, a second clutch 60 and an electric machine 80.
  • the first clutch 20 comprises a clutch mechanism 21, called the first mechanism, associated with a friction disc 22, and with a reaction plate 23.
  • the first clutch mechanism 21 has a cover 24, a pressure plate 25 and a diaphragm 26.
  • the cover 24 is metallic, here in stamped sheet metal; it has a bottom, drilled centrally, generally in transverse orientation, perpendicular to the axis of the assembly, provided at its outer periphery with an annular flange 27 for fixing; the cover 24 thus has the overall shape of a flat plate.
  • a clutch comprises engaging means associated with declutching means; these can be declutching levers which can act on helical springs with axial action constituting the engagement means; according to a variant, the release levers are constituted by fingers belonging to the central part of a part whose external periphery is axially elastic, or devoid of axial elasticity and acting on a Belleville washer forming the engagement means.
  • the engagement and disengagement means belong to the same part, the diaphragm 26, which comprises a peripheral part in the shape of a Belleville washer extended internally by a central part fragmented into radial fingers by blind slots opening internally into a central opening which has the diaphragm 26 whose shape, in the free state, is frustoconical.
  • the slots open at their outer periphery into enlarged orifices forming the bottom of the slots.
  • the fingers of the diaphragm 26 form release levers and therefore the declutching means, while the peripheral part, in the form of a washer.
  • the Belleville, of the diaphragm 26 constitutes the clutch engagement means, said orifices being located at the internal periphery of the Belleville washer of the diaphragm 26.
  • the declutching means are provided to counteract at will the action of the clutching means under the action of a declutching stop 28 belonging to a declutching device 29 of the concentric type, in order to reduce the axial bulk.
  • the clutch release bearing As described in document US-A-5 141 091, the clutch release bearing
  • the driving part is controlled by a transverse electric motor.
  • the concentric declutching device 29 is of the hydraulic type and comprises two parts in relation to the piston cylinder, namely a fixed part 30, delimiting a blind annular cavity 31 of axial orientation, and a piston 32 mounted axially movable relative to the fixed part.
  • This piston 32 carries the declutching stop 28 and enters the cavity 31 to define therewith a working chamber of variable volume, the cavity 31 communicating through a channel 33, hollowed out in a drum holder 40, the role of which will appear below, with a pipe connected to a master cylinder actuated by a clutch pedal or an actuator with an electric motor controlled according to programs predetermined by a computer.
  • the working chamber is therefore allowed to be pressurized or depressurized, the control fluid filling said chamber usually being oil.
  • the fixed part 30 could be in one piece of moldable material.
  • the fixed part 30 comprises, here, for reduction of the radial size, two coaxial parts, namely, an outer body surrounding a metal guide tube longer axially than the outer body.
  • the bottom of the cavity 31 is delimited by a transverse rim belonging to the guide tube assembled to the external body using an intermediate assembly part.
  • a static seal is provided between the outer body and the guide tube carrying its free end a stop to limit the displacement of the piston 32 when the declutching device 29 is not mounted on the drum holder 40.
  • a preload spring 34 acts between the external body of moldable material and the declutching stop 28 to maintain the latter in constant support on the declutching means 26.
  • the clutch release bearing 28 includes a ball bearing with a profiled rotating ring for punctual contact with the internal ends of the diaphragm fingers 26 and a non-rotating ring axially coupled to the piston 32, which thus carries the stop 28.
  • the outer ring of the bearing is rotating, while the inner ring of the bearing is fixed in rotation and has at its internal periphery a radial flange bearing on a front shoulder of the piston 32, said flange being pressed against said shoulder by an elastic washer with axial action, here in the form of a Belleville washer, resting on the piston.
  • the stop 28 has a flag shape so that the inner ring of the ball bearing is intended to surround the reduced diameter front end of the outer body to reduce the axial bulk, knowing that the outer body is intended to be fixed on an internal rim of the drum holder 40, directly, using ears, or indirectly, using an adapter sole and a bayonet mounting.
  • the outer body has fixing ears and the stop 28 is of the self-centering type because it can move radially in contact with the shoulder of the piston under the control of the elastic washer with axial action.
  • a protective bellows not referenced is provided for good sliding of the piston 32.
  • the declutching device 29 is of the concentric type because it is intended to be crossed by an extension 35 of the crankshaft 10. The device 29 therefore surrounds the extension 35.
  • the clutch mechanism 21 is associated with the friction disc 22.
  • the friction disc 22 carries at its outer periphery at least one friction lining intended to be clamped between two plates under the action of the engagement means 26.
  • the friction lining is integral with a support here rigidly coupled in rotation to the extension 35.
  • This extension 35 therefore passes through the declutching device 29 and carries the friction disc 22 by means of external grooves which it has and which cooperate with internal grooves of a hub provided with a flange 36 whose external periphery is secured, here by rivets 37, to the inner periphery of the friction disc 22.
  • the end 48 of the extension is integral with a support here rigidly coupled in rotation to the extension 35.
  • 35 is shaped like a nose received in a blind bore 38 formed in the end of the input shaft 11 of the gearbox, with the interposition of a bearing.
  • the nose can be carried by the shaft 11 and the pilot blind bore formed at the end of the extension 35.
  • the support of the friction disc 22 can be embedded in the lining.
  • two identical linings are arranged axially on either side of the axially elastic support, being fixed thereto by gluing; this makes it possible to reduce the axial bulk, the dead thickness of the linings intended for the riveting operation being eliminated, when, as a variant, the linings are fixed to the support by riveting, the support being shaped at its external periphery to be axially elastic and gradually crushed.
  • the friction linings can be glued directly into the central bearing areas of the tripod blades described in document FR-A-2 693 778 to which reference may be made for more details.
  • the lining of the friction disc 22 is adapted to be clamped between the pressure plate 25 of the first clutch mechanism 21 and the reaction plate 23.
  • the reaction plate 23 is carried peripherally by the cover 24 to which it is fixed, by means of screws 41.
  • flywheel can be added, carried by the crankshaft as visible in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the assembly linked to the crankshaft in particular the reaction plate of this clutch, constitutes a flywheel.
  • the friction disc 22 carries radially, beyond the linings, an inertia ring always thus integral in rotation with the crankshaft 10.
  • the cover 24 is fixed by its internal periphery at the end of the drum 39, here frontally by screws 42.
  • the pressure plate 25 has an annular boss of axial orientation directed towards the bottom of the cover 24 for contact with the external periphery of the Belleville washer of the diaphragm 26; this boss is split and molded with the pressure plate 25.
  • the internal periphery of the Belleville washer of the diaphragm 26 is pivotally or pivotally mounted between a primary support here coming from the bottom of the cover 24 by stamping and a secondary support constituted by the heads of posts fixed to the cover 24.
  • the posts pass axially through the enlarged apertures in the diaphragm 26.
  • the pressure plate 25 is linked in rotation to the cover 24 by tangential tongues 43 elastic with axial action allowing an axial movement of the pressure plate 25 relative to the cover 24 itself linked to the reaction plate 23; the tongues 43 are linked to the cover 24 by rivets 44 and to radial projecting lugs of the pressure plate 25 also by rivets 45.
  • the tongues 43 exert an elastic return action of the pressure plate 25 in the direction of the bottom of the cover 24 and the pressure plate 25 has a friction face frontly for contact with the relevant lining of the disc. 22, while the reaction plate 23 has a friction face for contact with the friction linings of the disc 22.
  • the clutch is therefore engaged and the engine torque is transmitted from the driving shaft or crankshaft 10 to the friction disc 22 of the first clutch 20.
  • the Belleville washer of the diaphragm 26, constituting the engagement means of the clutch is in contact, on the one hand, at its internal periphery with the primary support, and, on the other hand, at its external periphery with the boss of the pressure plate 25.
  • the diaphragm 26 therefore urges the pressure plate 25 in the direction of the plate 23 so that the friction linings of the friction disc 22 are clamped between the pressure plates 25 and the reaction plates 23.
  • the reaction plate 23 is therefore rotated as well as the cover 21 and the drum 39.
  • the piston 32 of the declutching device 29 is in the retracted position, upper part of FIG. 1, and the cavity 31 is depressurized.
  • the piston 32 moves to the right, lower part of FIG. 1, and therefore drives the declutching stop 28, which then acts by pushing on the fingers of the diaphragm 26, to rotate that -this.
  • the diaphragm 26 then leaves its primary support to take support on its secondary support.
  • the load exerted by the diaphragm 26 on the pressure plate 25 decreases then vanishes, the pressure plate 25 then following the movement of the diaphragm 26 under the return action of the tongues 43.
  • the friction linings are then released and the clutch disengaged.
  • the engine torque is then not transmitted.
  • the drum holder 40 has a skirt 55 which carries the drum 39 by means of bearings 47.
  • the rotor 81 comprises a package of sheets, made of soft iron, mounted by hooping on the external periphery of the drum 39 having at its end a flange 56 forming a stop for the rotor 81.
  • the package of sheets is therefore hot mounted by fitting onto the outer periphery of the drum 39 until contact with the collar 56.
  • the electric machine is on a large radius, which is favorable from the point of view of its performance.
  • the annular sheets thus form an axial orientation crown mounted by hooping on the drum 39.
  • the sheets can be isolated by oxidation or provided with insulators.
  • the stator 82 is formed, similar to the rotor 81, from a pack of annular sheets, made of soft iron, reconstituting a crown of axial orientation. Notches are made in the sheets for passage of windings of electric wires 83, 84, the rotor 81 and the stator 82 being shown schematically.
  • the electric machine 80 By injecting a controlled electric current into the stator windings, the electric machine 80 is transformed into a starter for the internal combustion engine of the vehicle, the clutch 20 being tight.
  • the machine is here of the asynchronous electric motor type.
  • the electric machine can be of the synchronous electric motor or other type.
  • the machine when the engine is running, the machine acts as an alternator.
  • the internal combustion engine can be shut down at each stop and restarted using the machine.
  • the machine can constitute an electric brake and provide a surplus of energy to the internal combustion engine to assist it or prevent it from stalling; we can also filter vibrations.
  • the rotor 81 is fixed to the external periphery of the drum 39 using splines or by fitting with cones. In all cases, the rotor 81 is integral both in rotation and axially with the drum 39, with the cover
  • the rotor 81 can be fixed to the drum 39 using screws bearing on a fixing washer, passing through the sheet pack in a similar manner to that described in document DE-C-3 227 810 Elastic elements can also be used.
  • the stator 82 is fixed here by hooping at its external periphery on a casing not shown such as the bell of the second clutch. Any other form of fixing such as screwing is possible.
  • the drum holder 40 constitutes the hub of the rotor 81; it surrounds the crankshaft 10 and carries the seal.
  • the clutch 20 can be equipped with a wear take-up device in particular to compensate for the wear of the friction linings and to maintain the diaphragm in a constant position when the clutch is engaged.
  • the clutch 20 is of the pushed type because the stop 28 acts by pushing centrally on the diaphragm 26.
  • the clutch is of the guy pulled.
  • the stop is coupled to a docking part acting behind the diaphragm and passing through the central opening of the diaphragm.
  • the declutching operation is carried out by pulling, via a docking piece, on the fingers of the diaphragm.
  • the peripheral part of the Belleville washer of the diaphragm is in contact, at its external periphery, with a support carried by the cover and its internal periphery with the boss of the pressure plate.
  • the reaction plate 23 is intended to also cooperate with a friction disc associated with the clutch mechanism 61 of the second clutch
  • the mechanism 61 comprises a cover 62 secured by its outer periphery to the reaction plate 23.
  • a pressure plate 63 is coupled to the cover 62 by tangential tongues 64.
  • reaction plates 23 and pressure plates 63 are intended to clamp between them the linings of a friction disc 65, the hub 66 of which is integral with the input shaft 11 of the gearbox by means of longitudinal grooves.
  • the reaction plate 23 is intended to be disengageably connected to the input shaft 11 of the gearbox.
  • torsional damping means with circumferential action are kinematically arranged between the linings of the friction disc 65 and its hub 66; these torsion damping means comprise elastic means with circumferential action and friction means with axial action.
  • the torsional damping means comprise a main damper and a secondary damper. Such an arrangement is well known in itself and will therefore not be described in detail.
  • the elastic means are coil springs 67, 68 extending ciconferentially, and the friction means comprise friction washers.
  • the second clutch 60 has a diaphragm 69 and of the pushed type; for the operation of this clutch, there is provided a declutching device 71, similar to the declutching device 29 associated with the first clutch 20; the clutch is shown engaged in the upper right half of the figure and disengaged in the lower right half of the figure.
  • the second clutch 60 comprises a wear take-up device 75 of the type described in document FR-A-2 739 158; thanks to this device also the stroke of the stop of the declutching device 71 is reduced.
  • the machine 80 can be used to synchronize the speed of the shafts 10 and 11 to facilitate the change of speeds.
  • the stop associated with the declutching device 71 it is advantageous for the stop associated with the declutching device 71 to be operated by a receiver, the transmitter of which is operated by an actuator controlled by a computer receiving information from sensors receiving the speed of the shafts 10 and 11.
  • the machine 80 can be of the asynchronous type, as mentioned above, synchronous with a magnet in the air gap or buried, with flux switching with single or hybrid magnets with excitations by stator windings, with brushless claws, with variable reluctance, single or double excitation, cross flow with Vernier effect.
  • the electric machine can be of the synchronous type with a brush-ring system.
  • FIG. 2 shows an assembly similar to that of FIG. 1 except that here the reaction plate 123 is fixed directly to the drum 139. More specifically, the drum 139 is of C-shaped section, the concavity of which is directed towards the reaction plate 123; it has an axially extending external cylindrical wing 140 in which a circumferential flange 57 of the reaction plate 123 is centered. Locally, the flange 57 is extended according to axial studs 58 to which the cover 24 of the mechanism 21 is fixed by screws.
  • Axial screws 59 secure the reaction plate 123 to the drum 139: they pass axially through the rim 57 and are screwed into the bottom of the drum 139 with a C-shaped section. It is on the external cylindrical face of the wing 140 of the drum 139 which is mounted the rotor 81 of the electric machine 80.
  • the friction disc associated with the first clutch mechanism 21 is of small diameter and comprises two discs 22 placed on either side of an intermediate plate 73 integral in rotation with the reaction plate 123, while being able to move axially with respect to it, by virtue of grooves provided at its outer periphery which cooperate with grooves formed at the inner periphery of the flange 57.
  • the assembly of the mechanism 21 and of the associated disks 22 is located axially under the wing 140 of the drum 139, that is to say under the rotary machine 80.
  • the clutch 20 does not wear out much because here it is only used to couple the engine to the transmission, the vehicle starting being ensured by means of the second clutch 60.
  • an assembly according to the invention is seen in which the cover of the first clutch mechanism 21 is in one piece with the drum 239.
  • the drum 239 has an annular body with a U-section, the bottom 240 of which extends generally radially and the wings axially, being directed towards the motor; the outer wing of the U is extended axially and radially towards the gearbox so that the cover of the mechanism is thus formed, to which the reaction plate 23 is assembled peripherally by screws 141.
  • the balusters 77 for the articulation of the diaphragm 26 of the first clutch 20 are crimped into the bottom 240 of the drum 239; this crimping operation can be carried out after mounting, on the drum 40, the bearings 47 and their retaining circlips 78, 79, thanks to an axial opening 87 formed in the drum 40, for the passage of a crimping tool, which is arranged on a radius corresponding to that of the balusters 77; here, these are used for fixing the tangential tongues 43 which join in rotation, with freedom of relative axial movement, the pressure plate 25 to the cover of the first mechanism, therefore to the drum 239.
  • the extension 135 of the crankshaft 10 is not in one piece with it but attached by screws 86; the flange which it presents for its fixing is extended radially so as to constitute a flywheel 100.
  • FIG. 4 shows a variant of the assembly according to FIG. 3 in which, after having mounted axially against the circlip 78 the assembly constituted by the drum 239, the rotor 81 and the mechanism 21 of the first clutch 20, it is possible to install the second circlip 79; to do this, centrally the bottom 240 of the drum 239 has internally a recess 74 defining an annular groove 76 facing the bearings 47; the transverse elasticity of the split type circlip 79 is used to wedge it radially in said groove 76, as visible on the lower left half of the figure; openings, here radial slots 85, for example three slots at 120 °, formed in the redent 74 allow the passage of an axial thrust tool which, implemented, causes the circlip 79 to fall into its positioning groove as seen in the upper left half of the figure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a transmission assembly, in particular for motor vehicle, comprising two clutches (20, 60) and an electric machine (80) arranged between the motor vehicle internal combustion engine and its gearbox, each of the clutches (20, 60) comprising a clutch mechanism (21, 61) associated with a friction disc (22, 65) and the electric machine (80) consisting of a rotor (81) and a stator (82), the clutch mechanisms (21, 61) being integral in rotation with the rotor (81) of the electric machine (80) and the friction disc (22) associated with the first clutch mechanism (21) being integral in rotation with the crankshaft (10) of the internal combustion engine while the second friction disc (65) associated with said second clutch mechanism (61) is integral in rotation with the main gearshaft (11): the crankshaft (10) is extended along an extension (35) whereof the end and that of the main gearshaft (11) are in supporting and centering relationship (38-48) relative to each other.

Description

"Ensemble de transmission comprenant deux embrayages et une machine électrique, notamment pour véhicule automobile " "Transmission assembly comprising two clutches and an electric machine, in particular for a motor vehicle"
La présente invention concerne un ensemble de transmission comprenant deux embrayages et une machine électrique, notamment pour véhicule automobile.The present invention relates to a transmission assembly comprising two clutches and an electric machine, in particular for a motor vehicle.
Plus précisément, elle concerne un ensemble de transmission, notamment pour véhicule automobile, comprenant deux embrayages et une machine électrique et disposé entre le moteur à combustion interne du véhicule et sa boîte de vitesses, chacun des embrayages comportant un mécanisme d'embrayage associé à un disque de friction et la machine électrique étant constituée d'un rotor et d'un stator, les mécanismes d'embrayage étant solidaires en rotation du rotor de la machine électrique et le disque de friction associé au premier mécanisme d'embrayage étant solidaire en rotation du vilebrequin du moteur à combustion interne, tandis que le second disque de friction associé audit second mécanisme d'embrayage est solidaire en rotation de l'arbre d'entrée de la boîte de vitesses. Un tel ensemble permet, par exemple, après a voir d ésengagé l es d eux embrayages, d'arrêter le moteur à combustion interne et de le relancer par inertie et/ou en faisant fonctionner la machine électrique en moteur, laquelle, lorsqu'elle est entraînée mécaniquement par le moteur, peut fonctionner en génératrice. Un tel ensemble est par exemple du genre de celui décrit dans le document FR-2 797 230.More specifically, it relates to a transmission assembly, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising two clutches and an electric machine and disposed between the internal combustion engine of the vehicle and its gearbox, each of the clutches comprising a clutch mechanism associated with a friction disc and the electric machine consisting of a rotor and a stator, the clutch mechanisms being integral in rotation with the rotor of the electric machine and the friction disc associated with the first clutch mechanism being integral in rotation of the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, while the second friction disc associated with said second clutch mechanism is integral in rotation with the input shaft of the gearbox. Such an assembly allows, for example, after seeing disengaged the clutches, to stop the internal combustion engine and restart it by inertia and / or by operating the electric machine as a motor, which, when is mechanically driven by the motor, can operate as a generator. Such an assembly is for example of the type described in document FR-2 797 230.
La présente invention a pour but de proposer un ensemble de transmission du genre ci-dessus qui soit simple à réaliser, peu encombrant, qui comporte peu de pièces et qui résoud le problème d'alignement relatif des extrémités du vilebrequin et de l'arbre d'entrée de la boîte de vitesses, problème d'autant plus important que la distance axiale moteur-boîte est grande.The object of the present invention is to propose a transmission assembly of the above kind which is simple to produce, compact, which has few parts and which solves the problem of relative alignment of the ends of the crankshaft and of the shaft. entry of the gearbox, a problem all the more important the greater the axial distance between the engine and the gearbox.
Selon l'invention, un ensemble de transmission du genre ci-dessus est caractérisé par le fait que le vilebrequin est prolongé selon un prolongement dont l'extrémité et celle de l'arbre d'entrée de la boîte de vitesses sont en relation de support et centrage l'une par rapport à l'autre. Avantageusement, le prolongement du vilebrequin ou l'arbre d'entrée de la boîte de vitesses porte en bout un nez coopérant, avec interposition d'un roulement, avec un logement en extrémité de l'arbre d'entrée de la boîte de vitesses ou du prolongement du vilebrequin. De préférence, le disque de friction associé au premier mécanisme d'embrayage est solidaire en rotation du vilebrequin par l'intermédiaire du prolongement de celui-ci.According to the invention, a transmission assembly of the above kind is characterized in that the crankshaft is extended in an extension whose end and that of the input shaft of the gearbox are in support relationship and centering with respect to each other. Advantageously, the extension of the crankshaft or the input shaft of the gearbox carries at the end a cooperating nose, with the interposition of a bearing, with a housing at the end of the input shaft of the gearbox or the extension of the crankshaft. Preferably, the friction disc associated with the first clutch mechanism is integral in rotation with the crankshaft by means of the extension of the latter.
Avantageusement, le prolongement du vilebrequin porte des cannelures externes qui coopèrent avec des cannelures internes d'un moyeu muni d'une collerette que comporte le disque de friction.Advantageously, the extension of the crankshaft carries external splines which cooperate with internal splines of a hub provided with a flange which comprises the friction disc.
Avantageusement, le rotor de la machine électrique est solidaire en rotation du premier mécanisme d'embrayage par l'intermédiaire d'un tambour.Advantageously, the rotor of the electric machine is integral in rotation with the first clutch mechanism by means of a drum.
De préférence, le tambour est solidaire en rotation du couvercle du premier mécanisme d'embrayage ; le couvercle est fixé par sa périphérie interne frontalement en extrémité du tambour ; le tambour et le couvercle sont d'une seule pièce ; le tambour présente un corps annulaire à section en U dont le fond s'étend globalement radialement et les ailes axialement, l'aile externe étant prolongée axialement et radialement en sorte qu'est constitué le couvercle du mécanisme auquel est assemblé périphériquement le plateau de réaction ; les colonnettes sont serties dans le fond du tambour ; le porte-tambour présente au moins une ouverture pour le passage d'un outil de sertissage.Preferably, the drum is integral in rotation with the cover of the first clutch mechanism; the cover is fixed by its internal periphery frontally at the end of the drum; the drum and the cover are in one piece; the drum has an annular body with a U-section, the bottom of which extends generally radially and the wings axially, the outer wing being extended axially and radially so that the cover of the mechanism to which the reaction plate is assembled peripherally is formed. ; the columns are crimped into the bottom of the drum; the drum holder has at least one opening for the passage of a crimping tool.
Avantageusement, le fond du tambour présente un redent définissant une gorge annulaire, lequel redent présente au moins une ouverture pour le passage d'un outil de poussée. Selon une autre forme de réalisation, le tambour est solidaire du plateau de réaction du premier embrayage ; le tambour est à section en forme de C et présente une aile cylindrique externe s'étendant axialement dans laquelle est centré un rebord circonférentiel du plateau de réaction ; le rebord est prolongé selon des plots axiaux auxquels le couvercle est fixé. Avantageusement, le plateau de réaction est commun aux deux embrayages.Advantageously, the bottom of the drum has a recess defining an annular groove, which recess has at least one opening for the passage of a pushing tool. According to another embodiment, the drum is integral with the reaction plate of the first clutch; the drum is of C-shaped section and has an axially extending external cylindrical wing in which a circumferential edge of the reaction plate is centered; the rim is extended according to axial studs to which the cover is fixed. Advantageously, the reaction plate is common to the two clutches.
De préférence, le tambour est porté par un porte-tambour par l'intermédiaire de roulements. De préférence, un dispositif de débrayage étant prévu pour commander chacun des deux embrayages, l'un au moins des dispositifs de débrayage est du type concentrique.Preferably, the drum is carried by a drum holder by means of bearings. Preferably, a declutching device being provided for controlling each of the two clutches, at least one of the declutching devices is of the concentric type.
Avantageusement, le dispositif de débrayage prévu pour commander le premier embrayage est du type concentrique et comporte deux parties en relation de cylindre piston définissant une chambre de travail de volume variable alimentée en fluide hydraulique par un canal creusé dans le porte-tambour ; de préférence, la partie fixe de la chambre de volume variable est portée par le porte-tambour, le dispositif de débrayage s'étendant axialement au droit dudit porte-tambour ; avantageusement, le dispositif de débrayage et le porte-tambour entourent le prolongement du vilebrequin.Advantageously, the declutching device provided for controlling the first clutch is of the concentric type and comprises two parts in relation to a piston cylinder defining a working chamber of variable volume supplied with hydraulic fluid by a channel dug in the drum holder; preferably, the fixed part of the variable volume chamber is carried by the drum holder, the declutching device extending axially in line with said drum holder; advantageously, the declutching device and the drum holder surround the extension of the crankshaft.
De préférence, le dispositif de débrayage prévu pour commander le second embrayage est du type concentrique et comporte deux parties en relation de cylindre-piston définissant une chambre de volume variable alimentée en fluide hydraulique ; avantageusement, le dispositif de débrayage s'étend axialement entre le disque de friction associé au second embrayage et la boîte de vitesses ; de préférence, le dispositif de débrayage et le porte-tambour entourent l'arbre d'entrée de la boîte de vitesses.Preferably, the declutching device provided for controlling the second clutch is of the concentric type and comprises two parts in relation to cylinder-piston defining a chamber of variable volume supplied with hydraulic fluid; advantageously, the declutching device extends axially between the friction disc associated with the second clutch and the gearbox; preferably, the declutching device and the drum holder surround the input shaft of the gearbox.
Avantageusement, l'un au moins des disques de friction est du type rigide. De préférence, l'un au moins des disques de friction est du type à amortisseur de torsion.Advantageously, at least one of the friction discs is of the rigid type. Preferably, at least one of the friction discs is of the torsion damper type.
Avantageusement, l'un au moins des mécanismes d'embrayage comporte un dispositif de rattrapage d'usure.Advantageously, at least one of the clutch mechanisms includes a wear take-up device.
Pour mieux faire comprendre l'objet de l'invention, on va en décrire maintenant, à titre d'exemples, purement illustratif et non limitatif, des modes de réalisation représentés sur les dessins annexés.To better understand the object of the invention, we will now describe, by way of examples, purely illustrative and not limiting, embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.
Sur ces dessins :In these drawings:
- la figure 1 est une vue en coupe partielle axiale d'un ensemble selon l'invention ; - la figure 2 est une vue analogue à la figure 1 montrant une variante ;- Figure 1 is a partial axial sectional view of an assembly according to the invention; - Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 showing a variant;
- la figure 3 est une vue en coupe partielle axiale montrant une autre variante d'un ensemble selon l'invention ;- Figure 3 is a partial axial sectional view showing another variant of an assembly according to the invention;
- la figure 4 est une vue analogue à la figure 3 montrant une variante. En se reportant à la figure 1 , on voit qu'un ensemble de transmission, disposé entre un moteur à combustion interne, dont on voit en 10 l'extrémité du vilebrequin, et une boîte de vitesses, dont on voit en 11 l'arbre d'entrée, comprend un premier embrayage 20, un second embrayage 60 et une machine électrique 80.- Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3 showing a variant. Referring to FIG. 1, it can be seen that a transmission assembly, disposed between an internal combustion engine, of which the end of the crankshaft is seen at 10, and a gearbox, of which the shaft is seen at 11 input, comprises a first clutch 20, a second clutch 60 and an electric machine 80.
Le premier embrayage 20 comprend un mécanisme d'embrayage 21 , dit premier mécanisme, associé à un disque de friction 22, et à un plateau de réaction 23.The first clutch 20 comprises a clutch mechanism 21, called the first mechanism, associated with a friction disc 22, and with a reaction plate 23.
Le premier mécanisme d'embrayage 21 comporte un couvercle 24, un plateau de pression 25 et un diaphragme 26.The first clutch mechanism 21 has a cover 24, a pressure plate 25 and a diaphragm 26.
Le couvercle 24 est métallique, ici en tôle emboutie ; il présente un fond, troué centralement, globalement d'orientation transversale, perpendiculaire à l'axe de l'ensemble, muni à sa périphérie externe d'un rebord annulaire 27 de fixation ; le couvercle 24 a ainsi globalement la forme d'une assiette plate. Un embrayage comporte des moyens embrayeurs associés à des moyens débrayeurs ; ceux-ci peuvent être des leviers de débrayage pouvant agir sur des ressorts hélicoïdaux à action axiale constituant les moyens embrayeurs ; selon une variante, les leviers de débrayage sont constitués par des doigts appartenant à la partie centrale d'une pièce dont la périphérie externe est élastique axialement, ou dépourvue d'élasticité axiale et agissant sur une rondelle Belleville formant les moyens embrayeurs.The cover 24 is metallic, here in stamped sheet metal; it has a bottom, drilled centrally, generally in transverse orientation, perpendicular to the axis of the assembly, provided at its outer periphery with an annular flange 27 for fixing; the cover 24 thus has the overall shape of a flat plate. A clutch comprises engaging means associated with declutching means; these can be declutching levers which can act on helical springs with axial action constituting the engagement means; according to a variant, the release levers are constituted by fingers belonging to the central part of a part whose external periphery is axially elastic, or devoid of axial elasticity and acting on a Belleville washer forming the engagement means.
Ici, les moyens embrayeurs et débrayeurs appartiennent à une même pièce, le diaphragme 26, qui comporte une partie périphérique en forme de rondelle Belleville prolongée intérieurement par une partie centrale fragmentée en doigts radiaux par des fentes borgnes débouchant intérieurement dans une ouverture centrale que présente le diaphragme 26 dont la forme, à l'état libre, est tronconique. Les fentes débouchent à leur périphérie externe dans des orifices élargis formant le fond des fentes.Here, the engagement and disengagement means belong to the same part, the diaphragm 26, which comprises a peripheral part in the shape of a Belleville washer extended internally by a central part fragmented into radial fingers by blind slots opening internally into a central opening which has the diaphragm 26 whose shape, in the free state, is frustoconical. The slots open at their outer periphery into enlarged orifices forming the bottom of the slots.
Les doigts du diaphragme 26 forment des leviers de débrayage et donc les moyens débrayeurs, tandis que la partie périphérique, en forme de rondelleThe fingers of the diaphragm 26 form release levers and therefore the declutching means, while the peripheral part, in the form of a washer.
Belleville, du diaphragme 26 constitue les moyens embrayeurs de l'embrayage, lesdits orifices étant implantés à la périphérie interne de la rondelle Belleville du diaphragme 26. Les moyens débrayeurs sont prévus pour contrecarrer à volonté l'action des moyens embrayeurs sous l'action d'une butée de débrayage 28 appartenant à un dispositif de débrayage 29 du type concentrique, pour réduire l'encombrement axial. Comme décrit dans le document US-A-5 141 091 , la butée de débrayageBelleville, of the diaphragm 26 constitutes the clutch engagement means, said orifices being located at the internal periphery of the Belleville washer of the diaphragm 26. The declutching means are provided to counteract at will the action of the clutching means under the action of a declutching stop 28 belonging to a declutching device 29 of the concentric type, in order to reduce the axial bulk. As described in document US-A-5 141 091, the clutch release bearing
28 peut appartenir à un dispositif de débrayage concentrique à commande par câble, cette butée étant alors montée sur une pièce menée mobile en translation et fixe en rotation, ladite pièce étant en relation de vis écrou avec une pièce menante fixe en translation et mobile en rotation. La pièce menante porte une poulie sur laquelle s'enroule le câble de commande. Pour plus de précisions, on se reportera au document US-A-5 141 091.28 may belong to a concentric declutching device with cable control, this stop being then mounted on a driven part movable in translation and fixed in rotation, said part being in relation to a screw nut with a driving part fixed in translation and movable in rotation . The driving part carries a pulley on which the control cable is wound. For more details, see document US-A-5 141 091.
En variante, la pièce menante est commandée par un moteur électrique transversal.Alternatively, the driving part is controlled by a transverse electric motor.
Ici, le dispositif de débrayage concentrique 29 est du type hydraulique et comporte deux parties en relation de cylindre piston, à savoir une partie fixe 30, délimitant une cavité annulaire borgne 31 d'orientation axiale, et un piston 32 monté mobile axialement par rapport à la partie fixe.Here, the concentric declutching device 29 is of the hydraulic type and comprises two parts in relation to the piston cylinder, namely a fixed part 30, delimiting a blind annular cavity 31 of axial orientation, and a piston 32 mounted axially movable relative to the fixed part.
Ce piston 32 porte la butée de débrayage 28 et pénètre dans la cavité 31 pour définir avec celle-ci une chambre de travail de volume variable, la cavité 31 communiquant par un canal 33, creusé dans un porte-tambour 40, dont le rôle apparaîtra ci-après, avec une conduite reliée à un maître cylindre actionnée par une pédale de débrayage ou un actionneur à moteur électrique commandé selon des programmes prédéterminés par un calculateur. La chambre de travail est donc admise à être pressurisée ou dépressurisée, le fluide de commande remplissant ladite chambre étant usuellement de l'huile. La partie fixe 30 pourrait être en une seule pièce en matière moulable.This piston 32 carries the declutching stop 28 and enters the cavity 31 to define therewith a working chamber of variable volume, the cavity 31 communicating through a channel 33, hollowed out in a drum holder 40, the role of which will appear below, with a pipe connected to a master cylinder actuated by a clutch pedal or an actuator with an electric motor controlled according to programs predetermined by a computer. The working chamber is therefore allowed to be pressurized or depressurized, the control fluid filling said chamber usually being oil. The fixed part 30 could be in one piece of moldable material.
La partie fixe 30 comporte, ici, pour réduction de l'encombrement radial, deux pièces coaxiales, à savoir, un corps extérieur entourant un tube-guide métallique plus long axialement que le corps extérieur. Le fond de la cavité 31 est délimité par un rebord transversal appartenant au tube-guide assemblé au corps extérieur à l'aide d'une pièce intermédiaire d'assemblage. Un joint d'étanchéité statique est prévu entre le corps extérieur et le tube-guide portant à son extrémité libre une butée pour limiter le déplacement du piston 32 lorsque le dispositif de débrayage 29 n'est pas monté sur le porte-tambour 40.The fixed part 30 comprises, here, for reduction of the radial size, two coaxial parts, namely, an outer body surrounding a metal guide tube longer axially than the outer body. The bottom of the cavity 31 is delimited by a transverse rim belonging to the guide tube assembled to the external body using an intermediate assembly part. A static seal is provided between the outer body and the guide tube carrying its free end a stop to limit the displacement of the piston 32 when the declutching device 29 is not mounted on the drum holder 40.
Un ressort de précharge 34 agit entre le corps extérieur en matière moulable et la butée de débrayage 28 pour maintenir celle-ci en appui constant sur les moyens débrayeurs 26.A preload spring 34 acts between the external body of moldable material and the declutching stop 28 to maintain the latter in constant support on the declutching means 26.
La butée de débrayage 28 comporte un roulement à billes avec une bague tournante profilée pour contact ponctuel avec les extrémités internes des doigts du diaphragme 26 et une bague non tournante attelée axialement au piston 32, qui porte ainsi la butée 28. Ici, la bague extérieure du roulement est tournante, tandis que la bague intérieure du roulement est fixe en rotation et présente à sa périphérie interne un rebord radial en appui sur un épaulement avant du piston 32, ledit rebord étant plaqué sur ledit épaulement par une rondelle élastique à action axiale, ici en forme de rondelle Belleville, prenant appui sur le piston. La butée 28 a une forme de drapeau en sorte que la bague intérieure du roulement à billes est destinée à entourer l'extrémité avant de diamètre réduit du corps extérieur pour réduction de l'encombrement axial, sachant que le corps extérieur est destiné à être fixé sur un rebord interne du porte-tambour 40, de manière directe, à l'aide d'oreilles, ou indirecte, à l'aide d'une semelle d'adaptation et d'un montage baïonnette. Ici, le corps extérieur présente des oreilles de fixation et la butée 28 est du type autocentreuse car elle peut se déplacer radialement au contact de l'épaulement du piston sous le contrôle de la rondelle élastique à action axiale.The clutch release bearing 28 includes a ball bearing with a profiled rotating ring for punctual contact with the internal ends of the diaphragm fingers 26 and a non-rotating ring axially coupled to the piston 32, which thus carries the stop 28. Here, the outer ring of the bearing is rotating, while the inner ring of the bearing is fixed in rotation and has at its internal periphery a radial flange bearing on a front shoulder of the piston 32, said flange being pressed against said shoulder by an elastic washer with axial action, here in the form of a Belleville washer, resting on the piston. The stop 28 has a flag shape so that the inner ring of the ball bearing is intended to surround the reduced diameter front end of the outer body to reduce the axial bulk, knowing that the outer body is intended to be fixed on an internal rim of the drum holder 40, directly, using ears, or indirectly, using an adapter sole and a bayonet mounting. Here, the outer body has fixing ears and the stop 28 is of the self-centering type because it can move radially in contact with the shoulder of the piston under the control of the elastic washer with axial action.
Un soufflet de protection non référencé est prévu pour un bon coulissement du piston 32. Quoi qu'il en soit, le dispositif de débrayage 29 est du type concentrique car il est destiné à être traversé par un prolongement 35 du vilebrequin 10. Le dispositif 29 entoure donc le prolongement 35.A protective bellows not referenced is provided for good sliding of the piston 32. Anyway, the declutching device 29 is of the concentric type because it is intended to be crossed by an extension 35 of the crankshaft 10. The device 29 therefore surrounds the extension 35.
Le mécanisme d'embrayage 21 est associé au disque de friction 22.The clutch mechanism 21 is associated with the friction disc 22.
Le disque de friction 22 porte à sa périphérie externe au moins une garniture de friction destinée à être serrée entre deux plateaux sous l'action des moyens embrayeurs 26.The friction disc 22 carries at its outer periphery at least one friction lining intended to be clamped between two plates under the action of the engagement means 26.
La garniture de friction est solidaire d'un support accouplé ici de manière rigide en rotation au prolongement 35. Ce prolongement 35 traverse donc le dispositif de débrayage 29 et porte le disque de friction 22 par l'intermédiaire de cannelures externes qu'il présente et qui coopèrent avec des cannelures internes d'un moyeu muni d'une collerette 36 dont la périphérie externe est solidarisée, ici par des rivets 37, à la périphérie interne du disque de friction 22. Selon l'invention, l'extrémité 48 du prolongementThe friction lining is integral with a support here rigidly coupled in rotation to the extension 35. This extension 35 therefore passes through the declutching device 29 and carries the friction disc 22 by means of external grooves which it has and which cooperate with internal grooves of a hub provided with a flange 36 whose external periphery is secured, here by rivets 37, to the inner periphery of the friction disc 22. According to the invention, the end 48 of the extension
35 est conformée en forme de nez reçu dans un alésage borgne 38 ménagé dans l'extrémité de l'arbre d'entrée 11 de la boîte de vitesses, avec interposition d'un roulement.35 is shaped like a nose received in a blind bore 38 formed in the end of the input shaft 11 of the gearbox, with the interposition of a bearing.
Bien entendu, l'inverse est possible, c'est-à-dire que le nez peut être porté par l'arbre 11 et l'alésage borgne pilote ménagé en bout du prolongement 35.Of course, the reverse is possible, that is to say that the nose can be carried by the shaft 11 and the pilot blind bore formed at the end of the extension 35.
Le support du disque de friction 22 peut être noyé dans la garniture. Ici, deux garnitures identiques sont disposées axialement de part et d'autre du support axialement élastique, en étant fixées à celui-ci par collage ; ceci permet de réduire l'encombrement axial, l'épaisseur morte des garnitures destinée à l'opération de rivetage étant supprimée, lorsque, en variante, les garnitures sont fixées au support par rivetage, le support étant conformé à sa périphérie externe pour être axialement élastique et écrasé progressivement. Ici, par exemple, les garnitures de friction peuvent être collées directement dans les zones centrales de portée des pales tripodes décrites dans le document FR-A-2 693 778 auquel on pourra se reporter pour plus de précisions.The support of the friction disc 22 can be embedded in the lining. Here, two identical linings are arranged axially on either side of the axially elastic support, being fixed thereto by gluing; this makes it possible to reduce the axial bulk, the dead thickness of the linings intended for the riveting operation being eliminated, when, as a variant, the linings are fixed to the support by riveting, the support being shaped at its external periphery to be axially elastic and gradually crushed. Here, for example, the friction linings can be glued directly into the central bearing areas of the tripod blades described in document FR-A-2 693 778 to which reference may be made for more details.
La garniture du disque de friction 22 est adaptée à être serrée entre le plateau de pression 25 du premier mécanisme d'embrayage 21 et le plateau de réaction 23.The lining of the friction disc 22 is adapted to be clamped between the pressure plate 25 of the first clutch mechanism 21 and the reaction plate 23.
Le plateau de réaction 23 est porté périphériquement par le couvercle 24 auquel il est fixé, grâce à des vis 41.The reaction plate 23 is carried peripherally by the cover 24 to which it is fixed, by means of screws 41.
Bien entendu, un volant d'inertie peut être ajouté, porté par le vilebrequin comme visible sur les figures 3 et 4.Of course, a flywheel can be added, carried by the crankshaft as visible in FIGS. 3 and 4.
Lorsque le premier embrayage 20 est serré, l'ensemble lié au vilebrequin, en particulier le plateau de réaction de cet embrayage, constitue un volant. Selon une variante non représentée, le disque de friction 22 porte radialement, au delà des garnitures, un anneau d'inertie toujours ainsi solidaire en rotation du vilebrequin 10. Le couvercle 24 est fixé par sa périphérie interne en extrémité du tambour 39, ici frontalement par des vis 42.When the first clutch 20 is tight, the assembly linked to the crankshaft, in particular the reaction plate of this clutch, constitutes a flywheel. According to a variant not shown, the friction disc 22 carries radially, beyond the linings, an inertia ring always thus integral in rotation with the crankshaft 10. The cover 24 is fixed by its internal periphery at the end of the drum 39, here frontally by screws 42.
Le plateau de pression 25 présente un bossage annulaire d'orientation axiale dirigé vers le fond du couvercle 24 pour contact avec la périphérie externe de la rondelle Belleville du diaphragme 26 ; ce bossage est fractionné et venu de moulage avec le plateau de pression 25.The pressure plate 25 has an annular boss of axial orientation directed towards the bottom of the cover 24 for contact with the external periphery of the Belleville washer of the diaphragm 26; this boss is split and molded with the pressure plate 25.
La périphérie interne de la rondelle Belleville du diaphragme 26 est montée de manière basculante ou pivotante entre un appui primaire issu ici du fond du couvercle 24 par emboutissage et un appui secondaire constitué par des têtes de colonnettes assujetties au couvercle 24. Les colonnettes traversent axialement les orifices élargis du diaphragme 26.The internal periphery of the Belleville washer of the diaphragm 26 is pivotally or pivotally mounted between a primary support here coming from the bottom of the cover 24 by stamping and a secondary support constituted by the heads of posts fixed to the cover 24. The posts pass axially through the enlarged apertures in the diaphragm 26.
Le plateau de pression 25 est lié en rotation au couvercle 24 par des languettes tangentielles 43 élastiques à action axiale autorisant un mouvement axial du plateau de pression 25 par rapport au couvercle 24 lui-même lié au plateau de réaction 23 ; les languettes 43 sont liées au couvercle 24 par des rivets 44 et à des pattes saillantes radiales du plateau de pression 25 également par des rivets 45.The pressure plate 25 is linked in rotation to the cover 24 by tangential tongues 43 elastic with axial action allowing an axial movement of the pressure plate 25 relative to the cover 24 itself linked to the reaction plate 23; the tongues 43 are linked to the cover 24 by rivets 44 and to radial projecting lugs of the pressure plate 25 also by rivets 45.
Ainsi qu'on l'aura compris, les languettes 43 exercent une action élastique de rappel du plateau de pression 25 en direction du fond du couvercle 24 et le plateau de pression 25 présente frontalement une face de friction pour contact avec la garniture concernée du disque de friction 22, tandis que le plateau de réaction 23 présente frontalement une face de friction pour contact avec les garnitures de friction du disque 22.As will be understood, the tongues 43 exert an elastic return action of the pressure plate 25 in the direction of the bottom of the cover 24 and the pressure plate 25 has a friction face frontly for contact with the relevant lining of the disc. 22, while the reaction plate 23 has a friction face for contact with the friction linings of the disc 22.
Normalement, l'embrayage est donc engagé et le couple moteur est transmis de l'arbre menant ou vilebrequin 10 au disque de friction 22 du premier embrayage 20. Dans cette position, la rondelle Belleville du diaphragme 26, constituant les moyens embrayeurs de l'embrayage, est en contact, d'une part, à sa périphérie interne avec l'appui primaire, et, d'autre part, à sa périphérie externe avec le bossage du plateau de pression 25. Le diaphragme 26 sollicite donc le plateau de pression 25 en direction du plateau 23 en sorte que les garnitures de friction du disque de friction 22 sont serrées entre les plateaux de pression 25 et.de réaction 23. Le plateau de réaction 23 est donc entraîné en rotation ainsi donc que le couvercle 21 et le tambour 39.Normally, the clutch is therefore engaged and the engine torque is transmitted from the driving shaft or crankshaft 10 to the friction disc 22 of the first clutch 20. In this position, the Belleville washer of the diaphragm 26, constituting the engagement means of the clutch, is in contact, on the one hand, at its internal periphery with the primary support, and, on the other hand, at its external periphery with the boss of the pressure plate 25. The diaphragm 26 therefore urges the pressure plate 25 in the direction of the plate 23 so that the friction linings of the friction disc 22 are clamped between the pressure plates 25 and the reaction plates 23. The reaction plate 23 is therefore rotated as well as the cover 21 and the drum 39.
Dans cette position, le piston 32 du dispositif de débrayage 29 est en position reculée, partie supérieure de la figure 1 , et la cavité 31 est dépressurisée. Lorsque l'on pressurise la cavité 31 , le piston 32 se déplace vers la droite, partie inférieure de la figure 1 , et entraîne donc la butée de débrayage 28, qui agit alors en poussant sur les doigts du diaphragme 26, pour faire pivoter celui-ci. Le diaphragme 26 quitte alors son appui primaire pour prendre appui sur son appui secondaire. Dans ce cas, la charge exercée par le diaphragme 26 sur le plateau de pression 25 diminue puis s'annule, le plateau de pression 25 suivant alors le mouvement du diaphragme 26 sous l'action de rappel des languettes 43. Les garnitures de friction sont alors libérées et l'embrayage désengagé. Le couple moteur n'est alors pas transmis.In this position, the piston 32 of the declutching device 29 is in the retracted position, upper part of FIG. 1, and the cavity 31 is depressurized. When the cavity 31 is pressurized, the piston 32 moves to the right, lower part of FIG. 1, and therefore drives the declutching stop 28, which then acts by pushing on the fingers of the diaphragm 26, to rotate that -this. The diaphragm 26 then leaves its primary support to take support on its secondary support. In this case, the load exerted by the diaphragm 26 on the pressure plate 25 decreases then vanishes, the pressure plate 25 then following the movement of the diaphragm 26 under the return action of the tongues 43. The friction linings are then released and the clutch disengaged. The engine torque is then not transmitted.
Lorsque l'on dépressurise la cavité 31 , le diaphragme 26 ramène le piston 32 en arrière et les garnitures sont serrées.When the cavity 31 is depressurized, the diaphragm 26 brings the piston 32 back and the linings are tight.
Le porte-tambour 40 présente une jupe 55 qui porte le tambour 39 par l'intermédiaire de roulements 47.The drum holder 40 has a skirt 55 which carries the drum 39 by means of bearings 47.
Le rotor 81 comporte un paquet de tôles, en fer doux, monté par frettage sur la périphérie externe du tambour 39 présentant à son extrémité une collerette 56 formant une butée pour le rotor 81. On monte donc à chaud le paquet de tôles par emmanchement sur la périphérie externe du tambour 39 jusqu'au contact avec la collerette 56.The rotor 81 comprises a package of sheets, made of soft iron, mounted by hooping on the external periphery of the drum 39 having at its end a flange 56 forming a stop for the rotor 81. The package of sheets is therefore hot mounted by fitting onto the outer periphery of the drum 39 until contact with the collar 56.
On remarquera que, selon cette disposition, la machine électrique est sur un grand rayon, ce qui est favorable du point de vue de son rendement. Les tôles de forme annulaire forment ainsi une couronne d'orientation axiale montée par frettage sur le tambour 39.It will be noted that, according to this arrangement, the electric machine is on a large radius, which is favorable from the point of view of its performance. The annular sheets thus form an axial orientation crown mounted by hooping on the drum 39.
Les tôles peuvent être isolées par oxydation ou munies d'isolants.The sheets can be isolated by oxidation or provided with insulators.
Le stator 82 est formé, de manière similaire au rotor 81, à partir d'un paquet de tôles annulaires, en fer doux, reconstituant une couronne d'orientation axiale. Des encoches sont réalisées dans les tôles pour passage d'enroulements de fils électriques 83, 84, le rotor 81 et le stator 82 étant représentés de manière schématique. En injectant un courant électrique asservi dans les enroulements statoriques, on transforme la machine électrique 80 en démarreur pour le moteur à combustion interne du véhicule, l'embrayage 20 étant serré.The stator 82 is formed, similar to the rotor 81, from a pack of annular sheets, made of soft iron, reconstituting a crown of axial orientation. Notches are made in the sheets for passage of windings of electric wires 83, 84, the rotor 81 and the stator 82 being shown schematically. By injecting a controlled electric current into the stator windings, the electric machine 80 is transformed into a starter for the internal combustion engine of the vehicle, the clutch 20 being tight.
Pour cela, il faut prévoir un dispositif de commande du type électronique. La machine est ici du type moteur électrique asynchrone. Bien entendu, la machine électrique peut être du type moteur électrique synchrone ou autre.For this, it is necessary to provide a control device of the electronic type. The machine is here of the asynchronous electric motor type. Of course, the electric machine can be of the synchronous electric motor or other type.
En général, lorsque le moteur tourne, la machine joue le rôle d'un alternateur. On peut couper le moteur à combustion interne à chaque arrêt et le redémarrer grâce à la machine. La machine peut constituer un frein électrique et apporter un surplus d'énergie au moteur à combustion interne pour l'assister ou éviter que celui-ci ne cale ; on peut également filtrer les vibrations.In general, when the engine is running, the machine acts as an alternator. The internal combustion engine can be shut down at each stop and restarted using the machine. The machine can constitute an electric brake and provide a surplus of energy to the internal combustion engine to assist it or prevent it from stalling; we can also filter vibrations.
Pour plus de précision, on se reportera au document WO98/105882. En variante, on fixe le rotor 81 sur la périphérie externe du tambour 39 à l'aide de cannelures ou par emmanchement par cônes. Dans tous les cas, le rotor 81 est solidaire tant en rotation qu'axialement du tambour 39, du couvercleFor more precision, reference is made to document WO98 / 105882. As a variant, the rotor 81 is fixed to the external periphery of the drum 39 using splines or by fitting with cones. In all cases, the rotor 81 is integral both in rotation and axially with the drum 39, with the cover
21 et du plateau de réaction 23.21 and the reaction plate 23.
Bien entendu, on peut fixer le rotor 81 sur le tambour 39 à l'aide de vis prenant appui sur une rondelle de fixation, traversant le paquet de tôles de manière similaire à ce qui est décrit dans le document DE-C-3 227 810. On peut utiliser aussi des éléments élastiques.Of course, the rotor 81 can be fixed to the drum 39 using screws bearing on a fixing washer, passing through the sheet pack in a similar manner to that described in document DE-C-3 227 810 Elastic elements can also be used.
Le stator 82 est fixé ici par frettage à sa périphérie externe sur un carter non représenté tel que la cloche du second embrayage. Toute autre forme de fixation comme le vissage est envisageable.The stator 82 is fixed here by hooping at its external periphery on a casing not shown such as the bell of the second clutch. Any other form of fixing such as screwing is possible.
On appréciera que le mode de fixation par frettage favorise la réduction de l'encombrement radial.It will be appreciated that the method of fixing by shrinking favors the reduction of the radial bulk.
Le porte-tambour 40 constitue le moyeu du rotor 81 ; il entoure le vilebrequin 10 et porte le joint d'étanchéité.The drum holder 40 constitutes the hub of the rotor 81; it surrounds the crankshaft 10 and carries the seal.
Bien entendu, l'embrayage 20 peut être équipé d'un dispositif de rattrapage d'usure pour compenser notamment l'usure des garnitures de friction et maintenir le diaphragme dans une position constante lorsque l'embrayage est engagé.Of course, the clutch 20 can be equipped with a wear take-up device in particular to compensate for the wear of the friction linings and to maintain the diaphragm in a constant position when the clutch is engaged.
Dans la figure 1 , l'embrayage 20 est du type poussé car la butée 28 agit en poussant centralement sur le diaphragme 26. En variante, l'embrayage est du type tiré. Dans ce cas, la butée est attelée à une pièce d'accostage agissant derrière le diaphragme et traversant l'ouverture centrale du diaphragme.In FIG. 1, the clutch 20 is of the pushed type because the stop 28 acts by pushing centrally on the diaphragm 26. As a variant, the clutch is of the guy pulled. In this case, the stop is coupled to a docking part acting behind the diaphragm and passing through the central opening of the diaphragm.
L'opération de débrayage est réalisée en tirant, via une pièce d'accostage, sur les doigts du diaphragme. Dans ce cas, la partie périphérique de la rondelle Belleville du diaphragme est en contact, à sa périphérie externe, avec un appui porté par le couvercle et sa périphérie interne avec le bossage du plateau de pression. Pour plus de précisions, on se reportera, par exemple, au document FR-A-2 606 477 montrant également un dispositif de rattrapage d'usure ; il en résulte que le bossage du plateau de pression 25 peut être mobile par rapport au plateau de pression 25 pour compenser l'usure des garnitures de friction, des ressorts à action circonférentielle agissant entre le plateau de pression 25 et le bossage, des moyens à rampes faisant varier la distance axiale entre le bossage et le plateau de pression 25. Le plateau de réaction 23 est destiné à coopérer également avec un disque de friction associé au mécanisme d'embrayage 61 du second embrayageThe declutching operation is carried out by pulling, via a docking piece, on the fingers of the diaphragm. In this case, the peripheral part of the Belleville washer of the diaphragm is in contact, at its external periphery, with a support carried by the cover and its internal periphery with the boss of the pressure plate. For more details, reference is made, for example, to document FR-A-2 606 477 also showing a device for taking up wear; it follows that the boss of the pressure plate 25 can be movable relative to the pressure plate 25 to compensate for the wear of the friction linings, circumferentially acting springs acting between the pressure plate 25 and the boss, means to ramps varying the axial distance between the boss and the pressure plate 25. The reaction plate 23 is intended to also cooperate with a friction disc associated with the clutch mechanism 61 of the second clutch
60.60.
Le mécanisme 61 comprend un couvercle 62 solidaire par sa périphérie externe du plateau de réaction 23. Un plateau de pression 63 est attelé au couvercle 62 par des languettes tangentielles 64.The mechanism 61 comprises a cover 62 secured by its outer periphery to the reaction plate 23. A pressure plate 63 is coupled to the cover 62 by tangential tongues 64.
Les plateaux de réaction 23 et de pression 63 sont destinés à serrer entre eux les garnitures d'un disque de friction 65 dont le moyeu 66 est solidaire de l'arbre 11 d'entrée de la boîte de vitesses grâce à des cannelures longitudinales. Ainsi, le plateau de réaction 23 est destiné à être relié de manière débrayable à l'arbre 11 d'entrée de la boîte de vitesses.The reaction plates 23 and pressure plates 63 are intended to clamp between them the linings of a friction disc 65, the hub 66 of which is integral with the input shaft 11 of the gearbox by means of longitudinal grooves. Thus, the reaction plate 23 is intended to be disengageably connected to the input shaft 11 of the gearbox.
Ici, des moyens amortisseurs de torsion à action circonférentielle sont disposés cinématiquement entre les garnitures du disque de friction 65 et son moyeu 66 ; ces moyens amortisseurs de torsion comprennent des moyens élastiques à action circonférentielle et des moyens de frottement à action axiale.Here, torsional damping means with circumferential action are kinematically arranged between the linings of the friction disc 65 and its hub 66; these torsion damping means comprise elastic means with circumferential action and friction means with axial action.
Ici, les moyens amortisseurs de torsion comprennent un amortisseur principal et un amortisseur secondaire. Une telle disposition est bien connue par elle-même et ne sera donc pas décrite en détails.Here, the torsional damping means comprise a main damper and a secondary damper. Such an arrangement is well known in itself and will therefore not be described in detail.
Comme on le voit sur la figure, les moyens élastiques sont des ressorts à boudin 67, 68 s'étendant ciconférentiellement, et les moyens de frottement comportent des rondelles de frottement.As can be seen in the figure, the elastic means are coil springs 67, 68 extending ciconferentially, and the friction means comprise friction washers.
Pour plus de précisions concernant le disque de friction 65 on pourra se reporter au document FR-A-2 792698.For more details concerning the friction disc 65, reference may be made to document FR-A-2 792698.
Comme pour le premier embrayage 20, le second embrayage 60 est à diaphragme 69 et du type poussé ; pour la manoeuvre de cet embrayage, il est prévu un dispositif de débrayage 71 , analogue au dispositif de débrayage 29 associé au premier embrayage 20 ; l'embrayage est représenté embrayé dans la moitié supérieure droite de la figure et débrayé dans la moitié inférieure droite de la figure.As for the first clutch 20, the second clutch 60 has a diaphragm 69 and of the pushed type; for the operation of this clutch, there is provided a declutching device 71, similar to the declutching device 29 associated with the first clutch 20; the clutch is shown engaged in the upper right half of the figure and disengaged in the lower right half of the figure.
Ici, le second embrayage 60 comporte un dispositif de rattrapage d'usure 75 du type de celui décrit dans le document FR-A-2 739 158 ; grâce à ce dispositif également la course de la butée du dispositif de débrayage 71 est réduite.Here, the second clutch 60 comprises a wear take-up device 75 of the type described in document FR-A-2 739 158; thanks to this device also the stroke of the stop of the declutching device 71 is reduced.
La machine 80 peut servir à synchroniser la vitesse des arbres 10 et 11 pour faciliter le passage des vitesses. Il est dans ce cas intéressant que la butée associée au dispositif de débrayage 71 soit manœuvrée par un récepteur dont l'émetteur est manœuvré par un actionneur piloté par un calculateur recevant les informations provenant de capteurs recevant la vitesse des arbres 10 et 11.The machine 80 can be used to synchronize the speed of the shafts 10 and 11 to facilitate the change of speeds. In this case, it is advantageous for the stop associated with the declutching device 71 to be operated by a receiver, the transmitter of which is operated by an actuator controlled by a computer receiving information from sensors receiving the speed of the shafts 10 and 11.
Bien entendu tout type de machines électriques, à flux magnétique axial ou radial, peut convenir. La machine 80 peut être du type asynchrone, de manière précitée, synchrone à aimant dans l'entrefer ou enterré, à commutation de flux à aimants seuls ou hybrides avec des excitations par des bobinages au stator, à griffes sans balais, à réluctance variable, à simple ou double excitation, à flux transversal à effet Vernier.Of course, any type of electric machine, with axial or radial magnetic flux, may be suitable. The machine 80 can be of the asynchronous type, as mentioned above, synchronous with a magnet in the air gap or buried, with flux switching with single or hybrid magnets with excitations by stator windings, with brushless claws, with variable reluctance, single or double excitation, cross flow with Vernier effect.
La machine électrique peut être du type synchrone avec un système bague-balais.The electric machine can be of the synchronous type with a brush-ring system.
La figure 2 montre un ensemble analogue à celui de la figure 1 sauf qu'ici le plateau de réaction 123 est fixé directement au tambour 139. Plus précisément, le tambour 139 est à section en forme de C dont la concavité est dirigée vers le plateau de réaction 123 ; il présente une aile cylindrique externe 140 s'étendant axialement dans laquelle est centré un rebord circonférentiel 57 du plateau de réaction 123. Localement, le rebord 57 est prolongé selon des plots axiaux 58 auxquels le couvercle 24 du mécanisme 21 est fixé par des vis.FIG. 2 shows an assembly similar to that of FIG. 1 except that here the reaction plate 123 is fixed directly to the drum 139. More specifically, the drum 139 is of C-shaped section, the concavity of which is directed towards the reaction plate 123; it has an axially extending external cylindrical wing 140 in which a circumferential flange 57 of the reaction plate 123 is centered. Locally, the flange 57 is extended according to axial studs 58 to which the cover 24 of the mechanism 21 is fixed by screws.
Des vis 59 axiales solidarisent le plateau de réaction 123 au tambour 139 : elles traversent axialement le rebord 57 et sont vissées dans le fond du tambour 139 à section en forme de C. C'est sur la face cylindrique externe de l'aile 140 du tambour 139 qu'est monté le rotor 81 de la machine électrique 80.Axial screws 59 secure the reaction plate 123 to the drum 139: they pass axially through the rim 57 and are screwed into the bottom of the drum 139 with a C-shaped section. It is on the external cylindrical face of the wing 140 of the drum 139 which is mounted the rotor 81 of the electric machine 80.
Ici, le disque de friction associé au premier mécanisme d'embrayage 21 est de petit diamètre et comprend deux disques 22 placés de part et d'autre d'un plateau intermédiaire 73 solidaire en rotation du plateau de réaction 123, tout en pouvant se déplacer axialement par rapport à lui, grâce à des cannelures prévues à sa périphérie externe qui coopèrent avec des cannelures ménagées à la périphérie interne du rebord 57.Here, the friction disc associated with the first clutch mechanism 21 is of small diameter and comprises two discs 22 placed on either side of an intermediate plate 73 integral in rotation with the reaction plate 123, while being able to move axially with respect to it, by virtue of grooves provided at its outer periphery which cooperate with grooves formed at the inner periphery of the flange 57.
Comme on le voit, l'ensemble du mécanisme 21 et des disques 22 associés est situé axialement sous l'aile 140 du tambour 139, c'est-à-dire sous la machine tournante 80.As can be seen, the assembly of the mechanism 21 and of the associated disks 22 is located axially under the wing 140 of the drum 139, that is to say under the rotary machine 80.
En variante, il n'y a qu'un disque de friction 22.As a variant, there is only one friction disc 22.
Il est à noter que l'embrayage 20 s'use peu car ici il n'est utilisé que pour accoupler le moteur à la transmission, le démarrage du véhicule étant assuré par l'intermédiaire du second embrayage 60. En se reportant à la figure 3, on voit un ensemble selon l'invention dans lequel le couvercle du premier mécanisme d'embrayage 21 est d'une seule pièce avec le tambour 239.It should be noted that the clutch 20 does not wear out much because here it is only used to couple the engine to the transmission, the vehicle starting being ensured by means of the second clutch 60. Referring to the figure 3, an assembly according to the invention is seen in which the cover of the first clutch mechanism 21 is in one piece with the drum 239.
Plus précisément, le tambour 239 présente un corps annulaire à section en U dont le fond 240 s'étend globalement radialement et les ailes axialement, en étant dirigées vers le moteur ; l'aile externe du U est prolongée axialement et radialement vers la boîte de vitesses en sorte qu'est ainsi constitué le couvercle du mécanisme auquel est assemblé périphériquement le plateau de réaction 23 par des vis 141. Les colonnettes 77 pour l'articulation du diaphragme 26 du premier embrayage 20 sont serties dans le fond 240 du tambour 239 ; cette opération de sertissage peut être effectuée après montage, sur le porte-tambour 40, des roulements 47 et de leurs circlips 78, 79 de retenue axiale, grâce à une ouverture axiale 87 ménagée dans le porte-tambour 40, pour le passage d'un outil de sertissage, laquelle est disposée sur un rayon correspondant à celui des colonnettes 77 ; ici, celles-ci sont utilisées pour la fixation des languettes tangentielles 43 qui solidarisent en rotation, avec liberté de déplacement axial relatif, le plateau de pression 25 au couvercle du premier mécanisme, donc au tambour 239.More specifically, the drum 239 has an annular body with a U-section, the bottom 240 of which extends generally radially and the wings axially, being directed towards the motor; the outer wing of the U is extended axially and radially towards the gearbox so that the cover of the mechanism is thus formed, to which the reaction plate 23 is assembled peripherally by screws 141. The balusters 77 for the articulation of the diaphragm 26 of the first clutch 20 are crimped into the bottom 240 of the drum 239; this crimping operation can be carried out after mounting, on the drum 40, the bearings 47 and their retaining circlips 78, 79, thanks to an axial opening 87 formed in the drum 40, for the passage of a crimping tool, which is arranged on a radius corresponding to that of the balusters 77; here, these are used for fixing the tangential tongues 43 which join in rotation, with freedom of relative axial movement, the pressure plate 25 to the cover of the first mechanism, therefore to the drum 239.
Ici, le prolongement 135 du vilebrequin 10 n'est pas d'une seule pièce avec lui mais rapporté par des vis 86 ; la collerette qu'il présente pour sa fixation est prolongée radialement en sorte de constituer un volant d'inertie 100.Here, the extension 135 of the crankshaft 10 is not in one piece with it but attached by screws 86; the flange which it presents for its fixing is extended radially so as to constitute a flywheel 100.
La figure 4 montre une variante de l'ensemble selon la figure 3 dans laquelle, après avoir monté axialement contre le circlip 78 l'ensemble constitué par le tambour 239, le rotor 81 et le mécanisme 21 du premier embrayage 20, il est possible de mettre en place le second circlip 79 ; pour ce faire, centralement le fond 240 du tambour 239 présente intérieurement un redent 74 définissant une gorge annulaire 76 tournée vers les roulements 47 ; l'élasticité transversale du circlip 79 du type fendu est mise à profit pour le coincer radialement dans ladite gorge 76, comme visible sur la moitié inférieure gauche de la figure ; des ouvertures, ici des fentes radiales 85, par exemple trois fentes à 120°, ménagées dans le redent 74 permettent le passage d'un outil de poussée axiale qui, mis en oeuvre, fait tomber le circlip 79 dans sa gorge de mise en place comme visible sur la moitié supérieure gauche de la figure. FIG. 4 shows a variant of the assembly according to FIG. 3 in which, after having mounted axially against the circlip 78 the assembly constituted by the drum 239, the rotor 81 and the mechanism 21 of the first clutch 20, it is possible to install the second circlip 79; to do this, centrally the bottom 240 of the drum 239 has internally a recess 74 defining an annular groove 76 facing the bearings 47; the transverse elasticity of the split type circlip 79 is used to wedge it radially in said groove 76, as visible on the lower left half of the figure; openings, here radial slots 85, for example three slots at 120 °, formed in the redent 74 allow the passage of an axial thrust tool which, implemented, causes the circlip 79 to fall into its positioning groove as seen in the upper left half of the figure.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Ensemble de transmission, notamment pour véhicule automobile, comprenant deux embrayages (20,60) et une machine électrique (80) disposés entre le moteur à combustion interne du véhicule et sa boîte de vitesses, chacun des embrayages (20,60) comportant un mécanisme d'embrayage (21 ,61) associé à un disque de friction (22-122, 65-165) et la machine électrique (80) étant constituée d'un rotor (81) et d'un stator (82), les mécanismes d'embrayage (21,61) étant solidaires en rotation du rotor (81) de la machine électrique (80) et le disque de friction (22-122) associé au premier mécanisme d'embrayage (21) étant solidaire en rotation du vilebrequin (10) du moteur à combustion interne tandis que le second disque de friction (65-165) associé audit second mécanisme d'embrayage (61) est solidaire en rotation de l'arbre d'entrée (11) de la boîte de vitesses, caractérisé par le fait que le vilebrequin (10) est prolongé selon un prolongement (35-135) dont l'extrémité et celle de l'arbre d'entrée (11) de la boîte de vitesses sont en relation de support et centrage (38-48) l'une par rapport à l'autre.1. Transmission assembly, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising two clutches (20,60) and an electric machine (80) disposed between the internal combustion engine of the vehicle and its gearbox, each of the clutches (20,60) comprising a clutch mechanism (21, 61) associated with a friction disc (22-122, 65-165) and the electric machine (80) consisting of a rotor (81) and a stator (82), the clutch mechanisms (21,61) being integral in rotation with the rotor (81) of the electric machine (80) and the friction disc (22-122) associated with the first clutch mechanism (21) being integral in rotation of the crankshaft (10) of the internal combustion engine while the second friction disc (65-165) associated with said second clutch mechanism (61) is rotatably integral with the input shaft (11) of the gearbox gears, characterized in that the crankshaft (10) is extended by an extension (35-135) whose end e t that of the input shaft (11) of the gearbox are in relation to support and centering (38-48) relative to each other.
2. Ensemble selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé par le fait que le prolongement (35,135) du vilebrequin (10) ou l'arbre d'entrée (11) de la boîte de vitesses porte en bout un nez (48) coopérant, avec interposition d'un roulement, avec un logement (38) en extrémité de l'arbre d'entrée (11) de la boîte de vitesses ou du prolongement (35,135) du vilebrequin.2. Assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the extension (35,135) of the crankshaft (10) or the input shaft (11) of the gearbox carries at the end a nose (48) cooperating, with interposition a bearing, with a housing (38) at the end of the input shaft (11) of the gearbox or the extension (35,135) of the crankshaft.
3. Ensemble selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que le disque de friction (22-122) associé au premier mécanisme d'embrayage (21) est solidaire en rotation du vilebrequin (10) par l'intermédiaire du prolongement (35, 135) de celui-ci (10).3. Assembly according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the friction disc (22-122) associated with the first clutch mechanism (21) is integral in rotation with the crankshaft (10) via of the extension (35, 135) thereof (10).
4. Ensemble selon la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que le prolongement (35,135) du vilebrequin (10) porte des cannelures externes qui coopèrent avec des cannelures internes d'un moyeu muni d'une collerette (36) que comporte le disque de friction (22-122). 4. An assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that the extension (35,135) of the crankshaft (10) carries external splines which cooperate with internal splines of a hub provided with a flange (36) which comprises the disc of friction (22-122).
5. Ensemble selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par le fait que le rotor (81) de la machine électrique (80) est solidaire en rotation du premier mécanisme (21) d'embrayage par l'intermédiaire d'un tambour (39-139- 239). 5. Assembly according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the rotor (81) of the electric machine (80) is integral in rotation with the first clutch mechanism (21) by means of a drum (39-139-239).
6. Ensemble selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que le tambour (39-239) est solidaire en rotation du couvercle du premier mécanisme (21).6. An assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that the drum (39-239) is integral in rotation with the cover of the first mechanism (21).
7. Ensemble selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait que le couvercle (24) est fixé par sa périphérie interne frontalement en extrémité du tambour (39).7. An assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that the cover (24) is fixed by its internal periphery frontally at the end of the drum (39).
8. Ensemble selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait que le tambour (239) et le couvercle sont d'une seule pièce.8. An assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that the drum (239) and the cover are in one piece.
9. Ensemble selon la revendication 8, caractérisé par le fait que le tambour (239) présente un corps annulaire à section en U dont le fond (240) s'étend globalement radialement et les ailes axialement, l'aile externe étant prolongée axialement et radialement en sorte qu'est constitué le couvercle du mécanisme auquel est assemblé périphériquement le plateau de réaction (23).9. The assembly as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the drum (239) has an annular body of U-section, the bottom (240) of which extends generally radially and the wings axially, the outer wing being extended axially and Radially so that the cover of the mechanism to which the reaction plate (23) is assembled is formed peripherally.
10. Ensemble selon la revendication 9, caractérisé par le fait que les colonnettes (77) sont serties dans le fond (240) du tambour (239).10. The assembly of claim 9, characterized in that the columns (77) are crimped in the bottom (240) of the drum (239).
11. Ensemble selon la revendication 10, caractérisé par le fait que le porte-tambour (40) présente au moins une ouverture (87) pour le passage d'un outil de sertissage.11. The assembly of claim 10, characterized in that the drum holder (40) has at least one opening (87) for the passage of a crimping tool.
12. Ensemble selon l'une des revendications 9 à 11 , caractérisé par le fait que le fond (240) du tambour (239) présente un redent (74) définissant une gorge annulaire (76), lequel redent (74) présente au moins une ouverture (85) pour le passage d'un outil de poussée.12. Assembly according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the bottom (240) of the drum (239) has a recess (74) defining an annular groove (76), which recess (74) has at least an opening (85) for the passage of a pushing tool.
13. Ensemble selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que le tambour (139) est solidaire du plateau de réaction (123) du premier embrayage (20).13. The assembly of claim 5, characterized in that the drum (139) is integral with the reaction plate (123) of the first clutch (20).
14. Ensemble selon la revendication 13, caractérisé par le fait que le tambour (139) est à section en forme de C et présente une aile cylindrique externe (140) s'étendant axialement dans laquelle est centré un rebord circonférentiel (57) du plateau de réaction. 14. The assembly of claim 13, characterized in that the drum (139) is C-shaped section and has an external cylindrical wing (140) extending axially in which is centered a circumferential edge (57) of the plate of reaction.
15. Ensemble selon la revendication 14, caractérisé par le fait que le rebord (57) est prolongé selon des plots axiaux (58) auxquels le couvercle (24) est fixé. 15. The assembly of claim 14, characterized in that the flange (57) is extended according to axial studs (58) to which the cover (24) is fixed.
16. Ensemble selon l'une des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé par le fait que le plateau de réaction (23,123) est commun aux deux embrayages (20,60).16. Assembly according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the reaction plate (23,123) is common to the two clutches (20,60).
17. Ensemble selon l'une des revendications 5 à 16, caractérisé par le fait que le tambour (39-139-239) est porté par un porte-tambour (40) par l'intermédiaire de roulements (47).17. Assembly according to one of claims 5 to 16, characterized in that the drum (39-139-239) is carried by a drum holder (40) by means of bearings (47).
18. Ensemble selon l'une des revendications 1 à 17, caractérisé par le fait qu'un dispositif de débrayage (29,71) étant prévu pour commander chacun des deux embrayages (20,60), l'un au moins des dispositifs de débrayage (29,71) est du type concentrique. 18. Assembly according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that a declutching device (29,71) being provided for controlling each of the two clutches (20,60), at least one of the declutching (29,71) is of the concentric type.
19. Ensemble selon les revendications 17 et 18 prises conjointement, caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif de débrayage (29) prévu pour commander le premier embrayage (20) est du type concentrique et comporte deux parties en relation de cylindre piston définissant une chambre de travail de volume variable alimentée en fluide hydraulique par un canal (33) creusé dans le porte-tambour (40).19. The assembly of claims 17 and 18 taken together, characterized in that the declutching device (29) provided for controlling the first clutch (20) is of the concentric type and comprises two parts in relation to the piston cylinder defining a chamber variable volume work supplied with hydraulic fluid through a channel (33) hollowed out in the drum holder (40).
20. Ensemble selon la revendication 19, caractérisé par le fait que la partie fixe de la chambre de volume variable est portée par le porte-tambour (40), le dispositif de débrayage (29) s'étendant axialement au droit dudit porte- tambour (40). 20. The assembly of claim 19, characterized in that the fixed part of the variable volume chamber is carried by the drum holder (40), the declutching device (29) extending axially in line with said drum holder (40).
21. Ensemble selon la revendication 20, caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif de débrayage (29) et le porte-tambour (40) entourent le prolongement (35,135) du vilebrequin (10).21. The assembly of claim 20, characterized in that the declutching device (29) and the drum holder (40) surround the extension (35,135) of the crankshaft (10).
22. Ensemble selon l'une des revendications 18 à 21 , caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif de débrayage (71) prévu pour commander le second embrayage (60) est du type concentrique et comporte deux parties en relation de cylindre-piston définissant une chambre de volume variable alimentée en fluide hydraulique.22. Assembly according to one of claims 18 to 21, characterized in that the declutching device (71) provided for controlling the second clutch (60) is of the concentric type and comprises two parts in relation to cylinder-piston defining a variable volume chamber supplied with hydraulic fluid.
23. Ensemble selon la revendication 22, caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif de débrayage (71) s'étend axialement entre le disque de friction (65- 165) associé au second embrayage (60) et la boîte de vitesses.23. The assembly of claim 22, characterized in that the declutching device (71) extends axially between the friction disc (65-165) associated with the second clutch (60) and the gearbox.
24. Ensemble selon l'une des revendications 22 ou 23, caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif de débrayage (71) entoure l'arbre d'entrée (11) de la boîte de vitesses. 24. Assembly according to one of claims 22 or 23, characterized in that the declutching device (71) surrounds the input shaft (11) of the gearbox.
25. Ensemble selon l'une des revendications 1 à 24, caractérisé par le fait que l'un au moins des disques de friction (22,165) est du type rigide.25. Assembly according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that at least one of the friction discs (22,165) is of the rigid type.
26. Ensemble selon l'une des revendications 1 à 24, caractérisé par le fait que l'un au moins des disques de friction (65,122) est du type à amortisseur de torsion.26. Assembly according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that at least one of the friction discs (65,122) is of the torsion damper type.
27. Ensemble selon l'une des revendications 1 à 26, caractérisé par le fait que l'un au moins des mécanismes d'embrayage (61) comporte un dispositif de rattrapage d'usure (75). 27. Assembly according to one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that at least one of the clutch mechanisms (61) comprises a wear take-up device (75).
PCT/FR2002/003347 2001-10-08 2002-10-02 Transmission assembly comprising two clutches and an electric machine, in particular for motor vehicle WO2003031215A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10297305.9T DE10297305B4 (en) 2001-10-08 2002-10-02 Transmission unit with two clutches and an electric machine, in particular for a motor vehicle

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR01/12916 2001-10-08
FR0112916A FR2830590B1 (en) 2001-10-08 2001-10-08 TRANSMISSION ASSEMBLY COMPRISING TWO CLUTCHES AND AN ELECTRIC MACHINE, IN PARTICULAR FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE

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DE10297305B4 (en) 2017-12-14
DE10297305T5 (en) 2005-02-10
FR2830590B1 (en) 2004-07-09
FR2830590A1 (en) 2003-04-11

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