WO2003016993A1 - Electrophoretic display with dual-mode switching - Google Patents

Electrophoretic display with dual-mode switching Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2003016993A1
WO2003016993A1 PCT/US2002/026077 US0226077W WO03016993A1 WO 2003016993 A1 WO2003016993 A1 WO 2003016993A1 US 0226077 W US0226077 W US 0226077W WO 03016993 A1 WO03016993 A1 WO 03016993A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrophoretic display
electrophoretic
cells
layer
plane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2002/026077
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rong-Chang Liang
Jerry Chung
David Chen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
E Ink California LLC
Original Assignee
Sipix Imaging Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sipix Imaging Inc filed Critical Sipix Imaging Inc
Priority to JP2003521439A priority Critical patent/JP4578097B2/ja
Priority to MXPA04001499A priority patent/MXPA04001499A/es
Priority to EP02775714.5A priority patent/EP1423750B1/en
Priority to CA002457832A priority patent/CA2457832A1/en
Priority to KR10-2004-7002363A priority patent/KR20040036719A/ko
Publication of WO2003016993A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003016993A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1676—Electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/166—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect
    • G02F1/167—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect by electrophoresis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1679—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells; Filling or closing of cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1685—Operation of cells; Circuit arrangements affecting the entire cell
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G02F1/134363—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for applying an electric field parallel to the substrate, i.e. in-plane switching [IPS]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F2001/1678—Constructional details characterised by the composition or particle type

Definitions

  • the improved EPD comprises closed cells formed from microcups of well-defined shape, size and aspect ratio and filled with charged pigment particles dispersed in a dielectric solvent. This improved technology involving microcups allows high image quality in monochrome EPDs.
  • Figures 8 A and 8B illustrate the true black state of the present invention, the top and cross-section views.
  • Figures 9 A and 9B illustrate the multiple color state of the present invention, the top and cross-section views.
  • the bottom electrode has a low voltage; consequently the white positively charged particles migrate to the bottom of the cell, and the color of the medium (i.e., red) is seen through the top transparent conductor film.
  • the white light reflected from the green and blue pixels greatly reduces the color saturation of the red pixel.
  • the cells are filled with a colorless fluid with black particles dispersed therein.
  • the background of the cells is colored (i.e., red, green or blue).
  • the particles migrate to either side of the cell, and the color of the background (i.e., red, green or blue) is seen from the top transparent opening.
  • the particles are scattered in the dielectric solvent, resulting in a black color (i.e., the color of the particles) being seen from the top transparent opening.
  • This arrangement of solvent/background/particle colors results in a dirty white state with undesirable Dmin and contrast ratio.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a side view of a typical electrophoretic cell of the present invention. While only a cup-like cell is depicted, it is understood that the scope of the present invention encompasses cells formed from microchannels and the like, and all types of conventional electrophoretic cells.
  • a further aspect of the invention is a monochrome display with highlight options, hi such a case, all cells in the display have the same background color and are filled with the same electrophoretic fluid (i.e., having the same particle/solvent color combination).
  • the display may have white particles, the solvent is one of the primary colors (red, green or blue) and the background color is a color contrasting the solvent color.
  • This arrangement is useful for a relatively simple two color device with a colored highlight option.
  • an EPD having white particles, a yellow dielectric solvent, and a black background can display at least three different colors in each cell or pixel as shown in Figure 4D (top view). When the white particles are all attracted to the top viewing electrode, the white color is seen.
  • the dark squares (54) represent the area opaque to the radiation employed, and the space (55) between the dark squares represents the radiation-transparent area.
  • the UN radiates through the opening area (55) onto the radiation curable material (51a).
  • Nonionic azo and anthraquinone dyes are particularly useful.
  • useful dyes include, but are not limited to: Oil Red EGN, Sudan Red, Sudan Blue, Oil Blue, Macrolex Blue, Solvent Blue 35, Pylam Spirit Black and Fast Spirit Black from Pylam Products Co., Arizona, Sudan Black B from Aldrich, Thermoplastic Black X-70 from BASF, anthraquinone. blue, anthraquinone yellow 114, anthraquinone reds 111 and 135, anthraquinone green 28 from Aldrich. Fluorinated dyes are particularly useful when perfluorinated solvents are used.
  • the microcups may be sealed by curing the supernatant UN curable layer during or after it floats to the top.
  • the UN light or other forms of radiation such as visible light, IR or electron beam may be used to cure the sealing layer and seal the microcups.
  • heat or moisture may also be employed to cure the sealing layer and seal the microcups, if a heat or moisture curable composition is used.
  • the scan time limit of this design is determined by the signal capacitor discharge time.
  • the capacitor needs to be refreshed (recharged) before the voltage drops more than 10% to maintain a good switching speed.
  • the display response (on/off) time is determined by the pixel on/off time, because each pixel can be quickly charged and refreshed. Thus, the line to line scan delay can be eliminated.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
PCT/US2002/026077 2001-08-17 2002-08-16 Electrophoretic display with dual-mode switching Ceased WO2003016993A1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2003521439A JP4578097B2 (ja) 2001-08-17 2002-08-16 デュアルモードスイッチングを伴う電気泳動ディスプレイ
MXPA04001499A MXPA04001499A (es) 2001-08-17 2002-08-16 Presentacion electroforetica con conmutacion de modo doble.
EP02775714.5A EP1423750B1 (en) 2001-08-17 2002-08-16 Electrophoretic display with dual-mode switching
CA002457832A CA2457832A1 (en) 2001-08-17 2002-08-16 Electrophoretic display with dual-mode switching
KR10-2004-7002363A KR20040036719A (ko) 2001-08-17 2002-08-16 이중 모드 스위칭을 가지는 전기영동 디스플레이

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US31314601P 2001-08-17 2001-08-17
US60/313,146 2001-08-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003016993A1 true WO2003016993A1 (en) 2003-02-27

Family

ID=23214566

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2002/026077 Ceased WO2003016993A1 (en) 2001-08-17 2002-08-16 Electrophoretic display with dual-mode switching

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US7046228B2 (https=)
EP (1) EP1423750B1 (https=)
JP (1) JP4578097B2 (https=)
KR (1) KR20040036719A (https=)
CN (1) CN1289960C (https=)
CA (1) CA2457832A1 (https=)
MX (1) MXPA04001499A (https=)
TW (1) TW550529B (https=)
WO (1) WO2003016993A1 (https=)

Cited By (27)

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WO2008007300A1 (en) * 2006-07-11 2008-01-17 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. An improved electrode layout for a display
US8072675B2 (en) 2008-05-01 2011-12-06 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Color display devices
US8169690B2 (en) 2008-02-21 2012-05-01 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Color display devices
US8422116B2 (en) 2008-04-03 2013-04-16 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Color display devices
US8503063B2 (en) 2008-12-30 2013-08-06 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Multicolor display architecture using enhanced dark state
US8605354B2 (en) 2011-09-02 2013-12-10 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Color display devices
US8649084B2 (en) 2011-09-02 2014-02-11 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Color display devices
US8670174B2 (en) 2010-11-30 2014-03-11 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Electrophoretic display fluid
US8704756B2 (en) 2010-05-26 2014-04-22 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Color display architecture and driving methods
US8717664B2 (en) 2012-10-02 2014-05-06 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Color display device
US8797258B2 (en) 2008-12-30 2014-08-05 Sipix Imaging, Inc. Highlight color display architecture using enhanced dark state
US8917439B2 (en) 2012-02-09 2014-12-23 E Ink California, Llc Shutter mode for color display devices
US8964282B2 (en) 2012-10-02 2015-02-24 E Ink California, Llc Color display device
US9013783B2 (en) 2011-06-02 2015-04-21 E Ink California, Llc Color electrophoretic display
US9116412B2 (en) 2010-05-26 2015-08-25 E Ink California, Llc Color display architecture and driving methods
US9140952B2 (en) 2010-04-22 2015-09-22 E Ink California, Llc Electrophoretic display with enhanced contrast
US9146439B2 (en) 2011-01-31 2015-09-29 E Ink California, Llc Color electrophoretic display
US9170468B2 (en) 2013-05-17 2015-10-27 E Ink California, Llc Color display device
US9285649B2 (en) 2013-04-18 2016-03-15 E Ink California, Llc Color display device
US9360733B2 (en) 2012-10-02 2016-06-07 E Ink California, Llc Color display device
US9459510B2 (en) 2013-05-17 2016-10-04 E Ink California, Llc Color display device with color filters
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US10503040B2 (en) 2016-07-29 2019-12-10 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Display device, input/output device, and semiconductor device

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