WO2003008119A1 - Traitement de stabilisation notamment de residus resultant de l'incineration de dechets - Google Patents
Traitement de stabilisation notamment de residus resultant de l'incineration de dechets Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003008119A1 WO2003008119A1 PCT/FR2002/002312 FR0202312W WO03008119A1 WO 2003008119 A1 WO2003008119 A1 WO 2003008119A1 FR 0202312 W FR0202312 W FR 0202312W WO 03008119 A1 WO03008119 A1 WO 03008119A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- leaching
- solid
- liquid
- precipitation
- phase
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 title description 9
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- HOOWDPSAHIOHCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum tricalcium oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Ca++].[Ca++].[Ca++] HOOWDPSAHIOHCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011403 purification operation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010882 bottom ash Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001653 ettringite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012633 leachable Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001139 pH measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical class [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011369 optimal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017105 transposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
- A62D3/33—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by chemical fixing the harmful substance, e.g. by chelation or complexation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/10—Burned or pyrolised refuse
- C04B18/105—Gaseous combustion products or dusts collected from waste incineration, e.g. sludge resulting from the purification of gaseous combustion products of waste incineration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/08—Toxic combustion residues, e.g. toxic substances contained in fly ash from waste incineration
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/20—Organic substances
- A62D2101/24—Organic substances containing heavy metals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2203/00—Aspects of processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change in the substances
- A62D2203/02—Combined processes involving two or more distinct steps covered by groups A62D3/10 - A62D3/40
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/30—Incineration ashes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Definitions
- the invention relates to the "cold" hydro-chemical treatment of special industrial waste, intended to remove heavy metals and salts therefrom in a stabilized form which is not harmful to the environment and economically recoverable.
- the invention is more particularly concerned with the application of this type of treatment in the liquid phase at low temperature (approximately 80 ° C. for the hottest phases) to the incineration by-products of various fuels, in particular to residues of purification of household waste incineration fumes, hereinafter referred to as REFIOM.
- the rest is made up of metals, including heavy metals such as mercury, zinc, lead, copper, chromium, etc.
- the REFIOMs thus concentrate the pollutants contained in incinerated waste, such as metals heavy volatiles, chlorine, etc ...
- REFIOMs are not mixed with bottom ash and obey a specific treatment stabilization.
- Classified in the category of "special industrial waste”, REFIOMs are ultimate waste. They are therefore stored, before burial in landfill, to stabilize them and thus reduce their leachable action. They are then evacuated to class 1 ultimate waste storage centers (CSDUs), where they are received in silos. Then, they are, for example, mixed with hydraulic binders, and the concrete thus obtained, which constitutes a trapping for the polluting elements, is poured into specific cells.
- CSDUs ultimate waste storage centers
- one of the remarkable aspects of the invention is to make these heavy metals inert with respect to the action of water, thus guaranteeing the durability of the depolluting action, durability which n 'is not ensured by the prior art, and to then be able to enhance the REFIOM.
- Stabilization with hydraulic binders is a technique which is based on two processes which develop jointly during the treatment (see for example the edition n ° 136 of the journal Environmeld et Technique / Info-Déchets dating from May 1994).
- precipitation of the chlorides and sulfates present takes place by 1 complexation in the form of stable solid salts (Ettringite, chloroaluminates).
- a solidification of the whole occurs, generated by the hydraulic setting of the binder which creates a solid matrix which is not very permeable to water and which embeds the minerals carrying elements likely to go into solution. This route is very widespread in France and abroad for the treatment of special industrial waste (or assimilated as such).
- the state of the art also discloses processes for cleaning up waste containing either heavy metals or salts.
- a treatment of solutions strongly loaded with salts, such as nitrates, chlorides and sulfates, is also known from EP-A-0 494 836.
- This process implemented in particular for the treatment of slurry or water polluted, such as urban waste water and factory effluents, consists of precipitating these salts by adding hydraulic binders made up of tricalcium aluminates (Al 2 O 3 -3CaO).
- its application to the treatment of REFIOM would join the stabilization processes mentioned above, with the problems already mentioned, in particular with regard to the sustainability of depolluting action on heavy metals, or optimization of the stabilization formula.
- the object of the invention is to provide a treatment for REFIOMs, or other similar special wastes containing heavy metals and salts, a treatment which differs from those usually used in the sense that the heavy metals are not "trapped" in a rigid skeleton, but rendered inert and eliminated.
- the invention provides a depolluting treatment process, by physico-chemical means in an aqueous medium, of special waste containing salts and heavy metals, such as the incineration by-products of various fuels, and in particular the REFIOM, for the implementation of which:
- a leachate-sulphurization step is carried out, which breaks down into two successive phases, not necessarily taken in this order: a heavy metal precipitation phase by carburizing with a sulfurizing agent; and a phase of dissolving the soluble species by aqueous leaching; the solid fraction and the liquid fraction are then separated from the suspension obtained,
- the phase of carburizing heavy metals with a sulfurizing agent occurs before the phase of dissolution of the soluble species by aqueous leaching.
- the hydraulic binders used contain tricalcium aluminate.
- the sulfurizing agent used is a polysulphide, preferably calcium polysulphide.
- the aqueous leaching of the soluble species takes place before the sulfurization and if one proceeds at the end of this leaching to a solid / liquid separation, the solid and liquid fractions thus separated are treated separately with a sulfurizing agent.
- the subject of the invention is also an installation for implementing the above method, characterized in that it comprises successively, and linked together in series,
- a leach-sulfurization stage comprising a cementation unit by sulfurization and a leaching unit, and provided with a liquid / solid separator at the outlet,
- a salt precipitation stage mounted on the "liquid" outlet of the leach-sulfurization stage, a salt precipitation stage provided with a distributor of hydraulic binders and equipped at its outlet with a liquid / solid separator.
- the installation further comprises, mounted on the liquid outlet of the solid / liquid separator associated with the saline precipitation stage, means for purifying salts from a saline solution.
- the invention essentially consists in first of all practicing a sulfurization of the heavy metals contained in the REFIOMs, and in terminating the treatment by precipitation of the salts previously dissolved in solidified in a hydraulic binder.
- a) leaching-sulfurization the objective of which is the inerting of heavy metals by cementation with a sulfurizing agent which makes it possible to form, from their oxidized form, solid solid sulfur compounds, and the displacement in the liquid fraction of the soluble species with a view to their treatment
- a solid / liquid separation c) precipitation with hydraulic binders (of recovery preferably, like slag from the steel blast furnace) of chlorides and sulfates in a cement with hydraulic setting on the liquid fraction.
- the leaching-sulfurization stage is broken down into hardening of heavy metals with a sulfurizing agent in order to make them inert with respect to the action of water, and into a leaching intended to separate the soluble species from the fine clinker.
- the sulfurizing agent used is advantageously a polysulphide, which will preferably be chosen in the form of calcium polysulphide, this because of its excellent qualities of sulphurizing agent, on the one hand, and its ease of industrial production, on the other hand.
- CaS4 calcium polysulfide
- the preparation of calcium polysulfide (CaS4) is done from a lime milk obtained by adding dehydrated lime to water. The mixture is heated to boiling, then the sulfur is added slowly. The poly sulfide concentration of this stock solution is adjusted to the needs of the treatment by adding volume to volume water.
- the two main reagents used to obtain calcium polysulfide are not necessarily of high purity.
- the leaching takes place, not before, but after the sulfurization of heavy metals. It operates as before.
- the liquid phase thus obtained will not contain heavy metals which will then be present in stable, solid and non-soluble sulfurized form. It will however be advantageous to add water before the sulfurization reaction which takes place in an aqueous medium.
- the quantity of water to be brought in for sulfurization is around a quarter of the water required for leaching.
- a solid / liquid separation takes place between the steps of leaching and sulfurization and precipitation with hydraulic binders so that said precipitation of the salts takes place only on the liquid fraction. If stabilization by precipitation with hydraulic binders was carried out on the suspension obtained at the end of the leaching-sulfurization step, this would result in the formation of a concrete in which the solid fraction would play the role of aggregate.
- a preferred implementation of the invention will retain a mixture consisting of C3A and C12A7.
- the precipitation of chlorides and sulfates will be considered complete when the pH of the liquid phase has reached a value close to 7 or 8.
- This liquid phase recovered at the end of the operating cycle, then contains only a low concentration of calcium, sodium and potassium. It can therefore be returned to the natural environment without special precautions. It can also be advantageously reused for a new treatment cycle, in order to reduce the costs generated by the large amount of water to be used. In this case, and in order to avoid a progressive enrichment in calcium, sodium and potassium, all or part of this water can be treated before being reintegrated into the circuit.
- This water treatment can be done by nanofiltration, by reaction with spent acids such as H 2 SO 4 or by production of brine by means of a CMN (Mechanical Steam Compression) unit.
- CMN Mechanical Steam Compression
- the solid fractions obtained during the implementation of the method according to the invention can advantageously be used as clinker. It is recalled that to be industrially recoverable, bottom ash must belong to the so-called “N” category, by analogy to the term “recovery” (circular DIPPR / SEI / BPSEID n ° 94-IN-l of May 9, 1994).
- the category "V is that of bottom ash with low leachable fraction. The membership of a batch in a category is fixed on the basis of a pollutant potential test.
- This test includes three successive leachings with a liquid / solid ratio of 10 / 1 on samples representative of the 100 g lot To be classified in category "V", clinker must not release, among other things, more than 1.5 mg of chromium and more than 10 mg of lead per kg.
- the method according to the invention is remarkable in that the depolluting treatment of REFIOMs at the level of heavy metals consists in inerting them and not in their encapsulation in a rigid skeleton of which it cannot be certified that there is no risk of subsequent release.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to treat REFIOMs whatever their initial chemical composition.
- One of the problems encountered by the prior art arose precisely from the fact that REFIOMs are by nature of variable composition.
- the controls are carried out at the end of treatment on the products obtained. It is not necessary to adjust the composition of the reagents involved in order to obtain optimal treatment of the waste.
- Another remarkable advantage of the process according to the invention is that all the treatment is carried out “cold” or “lukewarm”, which limits energy expenditure and facilitates its implementation on an industrial level.
- the invention is also remarkable from an ecological point of view in that it produces no secondary pollution on the one hand, and that, on the other hand, all the products obtained are industrially recoverable.
- the process according to the invention can offer a recovery outlet for waste from other industries as as reactants (lime, sulfur, steel slag).
- the water used can, without inconvenience, after possible treatment, be discharged into the wild or reused for a new operating cycle.
- FIG. 1 represents the functional diagram of the process when the heavy metals are cemented with a sulfurizing agent before the dissolution of the soluble species by aqueous leaching during the leaching step;
- FIG. 2 shows the block diagram of the process when the heavy metals are cemented with a sulfurizing agent after the dissolution of soluble species by aqueous leaching during the leaching step.
- the REFIOM A are introduced in the divided state (granules or powder) into a sulfurization tank 3 where they are mixed with a sulfurizing agent F, for example calcium polysulphide, under a flow rate of approximately 3 m 3 / h and with an aqueous solution B, or simply water, at a flow rate of approximately 75 m 3 / h.
- a sulfurizing agent F for example calcium polysulphide
- An increase in temperature (from 60 to 70 ° C. for example) using the electrical resistance 13, as well as continuous homogenization by stirring of the mixture makes it possible to increase the rate of precipitation of the sulfides.
- the mixture P thus obtained can be stored, if necessary, until the end of the sulfurization reactions in a holding tank, not shown.
- the mixture P is then introduced into a leaching tank 1 (or a battery of tanks cascaded in the case of successive washings) receiving, moreover, an aqueous washing solution B, or simply water, introduced under a flow rate of 225 to 300 m 3 / h, allowing the solubilization of the various soluble species still present in the REFIOMs, in particular the salts.
- a solid / liquid separation 2 of the suspension Q thus obtained, by filter press for example, makes it possible to extract a solid fraction R, containing the heavy metals inert to polysulphides, with a view to its recovery as a clinker fine.
- the liquid underflow I obtained which contains the salts of the sulphate and chloride type, arrives in a saline precipitation tank 5 to undergo treatment therewith with hydraulic binders J. This is done by adding blast furnace slag steel, or tricalcium aluminate (CA), which will precipitate the salts in the form of complexes and lead to the production of a solid phase comprising calcium monochloroaluminates (by precipitation of chlorides) and Ettringite ( through precipitation of sulfates). This solid phase L is then extracted from the suspension K thus formed by a solid / liquid separation 6.
- CA tricalcium aluminate
- the material L thus collected can be used industrially as clinker and, as such, mixed with the clinker fine R obtained previously at the end of the leachate-sulfurization step.
- the liquid fraction M then containing a low content of calcium, sodium and potassium salts, can, after possible treatment, be discharged, using a valve 14, into the natural environment without harm to the environment .
- the solution M can be recirculated in the leaching tank 1 in order to reuse it for a new cycle as washing solution B.
- the solution M may advantageously be subjected beforehand to a thorough desalination treatment on all or on an adjusted fraction of its total volume.
- a three-way valve 7 will advantageously be provided at the outlet of the saline precipitation unit 5 by hydraulic binder in order to allow the adjustment of the flow rates for reuse of the final aqueous solution M in the leach mixer 1, with or without elimination. preliminary residual salts.
- CMN 8 Mechanism Steam Compression
- CMN 8 Mechanical Steam Compression
- a vacuum evaporator 11 producing a brine ⁇ to be eliminated
- a capacitor 12 delivering purified water O.
- Nanofiltration can also be considered in place of CMV, or treatment with used acids (H 2 S0 4 for example).
- probes 15 and 10 making it possible to measure the pH of the suspension Q and of the liquid fraction K at the outlet of the leach tanks 1 and of saline precipitation 5 respectively.
- the REFIOM A are introduced into a leaching tank 1 (or a battery of tanks cascaded in the case of successive washes) also receiving an aqueous washing solution B, or simply water, introduced at a flow rate of the order of 300 m 3 / h.
- An increase in temperature (from 60 to 70 ° C. for example) using the electrical resistance 13 makes it possible to increase the speed of solubilization of the various soluble species, the metal oxides and the salts in particular.
- a solid / liquid separation 2 of the suspension .C thus obtained makes it possible to extract a solid fraction D with a view to its recovery as a clinker fine. It may be advantageous, for example, to carry out this solid / liquid separation on a washer-filter, such as a band filter, to best wring out the solid fraction of its interstitial liquid loaded with soluble species and which is collected. for further processing.
- the liquid fraction E thus made clear, but charged with metals and dissolved salts, then arrives in a sulphurization tank 3 in which the displacement of heavy metals, such as lead, cadmium, zinc, etc. , by cementation with polysulphides.
- the precipitated sulfides thus obtained are very slightly soluble in water.
- the sulfurizing agent F for example calcium polysulphide, is introduced into tank 3 in the liquid state and in an amount sufficient to allow the metal displacement reactions to be complete, ie of the order of 1% by weight approximately, which is equivalent in the example considered to a quantity of the order of 1 m 3 / h for the 100 m 3 / h of solution E to be treated.
- the mixture G obtained may be stored, if necessary, until the end of the sulfurization reactions in a holding tank, not shown.
- the metallic precipitate H containing the heavy metals inert to the polysulphides, is then extracted by a second solid / liquid separation 4. It can be upgraded industrially in the form of ore.
- the liquid underflow I obtained being treated in the same way as in Example 1 described above.
- the three solid fractions (D, H and L) successively resulting from such a treatment can be upgraded industrially, the first D and the last L can moreover be advantageously mixed together to form a bottom ash that can be upgraded in road engineering.
- the invention finds a preferred application in the field of treatment of REFIOMs. However, it remains generally applicable to all by-products of incineration of various fuels and more generally to all special industrial waste or polluted soil containing a high content of salts and / or heavy metals in a mobile form which pollutes the environment.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02787142A EP1404465A1 (fr) | 2001-07-09 | 2002-07-03 | Traitement de stabilisation notamment de residus resultant de l'incineration de dechets |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR01/09058 | 2001-07-09 | ||
FR0109058A FR2826886B1 (fr) | 2001-07-09 | 2001-07-09 | Traitement de stabilisation des refiom, et autres dechets ou sous produits industriels speciaux analogues |
FR02/00950 | 2002-01-28 | ||
FR0200950A FR2826887B3 (fr) | 2001-07-09 | 2002-01-28 | Traitement de stabilisation des refiom, ou autres dechets et sous prooduits industriels speciaux analogues |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2003008119A1 true WO2003008119A1 (fr) | 2003-01-30 |
Family
ID=26213088
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/FR2002/002312 WO2003008119A1 (fr) | 2001-07-09 | 2002-07-03 | Traitement de stabilisation notamment de residus resultant de l'incineration de dechets |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP1404465A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2826887B3 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2003008119A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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BE1015866A3 (fr) * | 2003-01-31 | 2005-10-04 | Group Portier Ind | Procede de traitement de residus de fumees d'incinerateur. |
CN111822488B (zh) * | 2020-07-26 | 2022-02-01 | 广东绿富域资源再生科技有限公司 | 一种生活垃圾焚烧炉渣清洗破碎装置和控制方法 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4617180A (en) * | 1983-06-07 | 1986-10-14 | Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Process for purifying flue gas |
JPH01231981A (ja) * | 1988-03-11 | 1989-09-18 | Kubota Ltd | 廃棄物の処理方法 |
EP0482335A1 (fr) * | 1990-10-22 | 1992-04-29 | Von Roll Ag | Procédé pour le traitement des cendres volantes |
EP0494836A1 (fr) * | 1991-01-08 | 1992-07-15 | Lafarge Fondu International | Procédé d'épuration des solutions aqueuses polluées en ions nitrates |
WO1999021619A1 (fr) * | 1997-10-24 | 1999-05-06 | Recupyl S.A. | Procede de traitement des refus d'incineration d'ordures menageres |
-
2002
- 2002-01-28 FR FR0200950A patent/FR2826887B3/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-03 EP EP02787142A patent/EP1404465A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-07-03 WO PCT/FR2002/002312 patent/WO2003008119A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4617180A (en) * | 1983-06-07 | 1986-10-14 | Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Process for purifying flue gas |
JPH01231981A (ja) * | 1988-03-11 | 1989-09-18 | Kubota Ltd | 廃棄物の処理方法 |
EP0482335A1 (fr) * | 1990-10-22 | 1992-04-29 | Von Roll Ag | Procédé pour le traitement des cendres volantes |
EP0494836A1 (fr) * | 1991-01-08 | 1992-07-15 | Lafarge Fondu International | Procédé d'épuration des solutions aqueuses polluées en ions nitrates |
WO1999021619A1 (fr) * | 1997-10-24 | 1999-05-06 | Recupyl S.A. | Procede de traitement des refus d'incineration d'ordures menageres |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 013, no. 562 (C - 665) 13 December 1989 (1989-12-13) * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1404465A1 (fr) | 2004-04-07 |
FR2826887B3 (fr) | 2003-09-05 |
FR2826887A1 (fr) | 2003-01-10 |
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