WO2003002956A1 - Dispositif et procede de mesure de vibration - Google Patents
Dispositif et procede de mesure de vibration Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003002956A1 WO2003002956A1 PCT/JP2002/006422 JP0206422W WO03002956A1 WO 2003002956 A1 WO2003002956 A1 WO 2003002956A1 JP 0206422 W JP0206422 W JP 0206422W WO 03002956 A1 WO03002956 A1 WO 03002956A1
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- Prior art keywords
- vibration
- optical fiber
- light
- measured
- measuring device
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for measuring vibration. Background art
- a E (Acoustic Emission) sensors have been used to measure elastic waves (elastic vibration) with very small amplitude.
- the AE sensor usually uses a piezoelectric element such as a piezo.
- high-sensitivity measurement can be performed by increasing the amplitude using the resonance of the piezoelectric element.
- this technology has a problem that the frequency band that can be measured is narrowed because resonance is used.
- it has been proposed to apply a laser Doppler optical fiber sensor to an AE sensor. The principle of this method is as follows. First, a light source is connected to one end of the optical fiber. At the other end of the fiber, there is a reflector that reflects the input light and returns it to the fiber.
- the optical path length in the fiber changes as the fiber expands and contracts.
- the time change of the optical path length is d LZ d t
- the frequency of light reflected at the fiber end changes in proportion to d LZ d t due to the Doppler effect. Therefore, vibration can be measured by measuring the frequency change between the reflected light from the fiber end and the input light.
- Such sensors have the problem of being low-sensitivity, although broadband.
- the present inventor bent an optical fiber, applied vibration to the bent portion, and observed a frequency change between input light and output light passing through the fiber. As a result, we obtained the knowledge that a frequency change corresponding to the minute vibration occurred in the curved part.
- the present invention has been made based on the above findings, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a vibration measuring apparatus and method capable of measuring a wide-band vibration with high sensitivity while having a simple configuration. Disclosure of the invention
- the vibration measuring device of the present invention includes an input unit, an optical fiber, and a detection unit, wherein the input unit inputs input light to the optical fiber, and the optical fiber has a vibration to be measured.
- a bending section to which the input light passes, and the detection section is configured to output light from the optical fiber passing through the bending section and the input light. It detects the frequency change between them.
- the bending portion may be formed by orbiting the optical fiber. The number of turns in the circulation may be two or more.
- the bending portion may be in an open state on one side (the center of curvature in a bent state).
- a curved portion formed on a part of an optical fiber is arranged at a measured position, and the vibration at the measured position is measured based on a frequency change of light passing through the optical fiber.
- the curved portion in the vibration measuring device of the present invention may be formed by causing the optical fiber to circumvent the object to be measured.
- the vibration measuring method of the present invention can also measure torsional vibration by transmitting torsional vibration to an object to be measured to a bending portion.
- the vibration measuring method of the present invention converts the vibration in the axial direction of the object to be measured into the vibration on the side of the object by deformation of the object to be measured, and the vibration on the side is attached to the side.
- the vibration in the axial direction of the object to be measured may be measured by transmitting the vibration to the curved portion.
- the vibration measuring device of the present invention includes a plurality of the bending portions in one optical fiber. May be adopted.
- the vibration measuring device includes an input unit, a main body, an optical fiber, and a detection unit, wherein the input unit inputs input light to the optical fiber, and the main body has a cylindrical shape. Further, the main body is adapted to be capable of introducing a vibration transmission medium therein, and the optical fiber has a curved portion formed by being circulated around the main body.
- the bending section allows the input light to pass therethrough, and the detection section detects a frequency change between the output light from the optical fiber passing through the bending section and the input light.
- the configuration may be such that:
- the vibration measuring method of the present invention may be configured to measure vibration in the medium with the medium introduced into the main body.
- the vibration measuring device of the present invention may have a configuration in which the plurality of curved portions are attached to one measurement object.
- the nondestructive inspection method of the present invention is configured to measure the vibration at the object to be measured using the vibration measuring device.
- the nondestructive inspection method of the present invention is configured to perform the inspection of the object to be measured by adding a known vibration to the object to be measured and measuring a vibration based on the known vibration with a vibration measuring device. You may.
- the vibration measuring device of the present invention includes an input unit, an optical fiber, and a detection unit, wherein the input unit inputs input light to the optical fiber, and the optical fiber has a vibration to be measured.
- a bending portion to be added, the bending portion is configured to allow the input light to pass through, and the bending portion is formed by orbiting the optical fiber;
- the diameter may be one wavelength or less of the vibration to be measured.
- the vibration measuring device of the present invention includes an input unit, an optical fiber, and a detection unit, wherein the input unit inputs input light to the optical fiber.
- the opening length of the portion may be one wavelength or less of the vibration to be measured.
- the vibration measuring device of the present invention includes an input unit, an optical fiber for measurement light, an optical fiber for reference light, and a detection unit, wherein the input unit inputs measurement light to the optical fiber for measurement light,
- the reference light is input to the reference light optical fiber, and the measurement light optical fiber has a curved portion to which a vibration to be measured is applied, and the measurement light passes through the curved portion.
- the detection unit detects a vibration applied to the curved portion based on a change in frequency between the measurement light and the reference light transmitted through each of the optical fibers. May be used.
- the optical fiber for measurement light and the optical fiber for reference light in the vibration measuring device of the present invention may have the same optical path length.
- optical fiber for measurement light and the optical fiber for reference light in the vibration measuring device of the present invention may be arranged on the same path.
- the vibration measuring device is configured such that the measuring light optical fiber and the reference light optical fiber reflect the measuring light and the reference light input into the inside from the input section at the end.
- the detection unit may be configured to detect a change in frequency between the reflected measurement light and the reference light.
- the curved portion in the vibration measuring device of the present invention may be arranged around a sphere.
- An active control system according to the present invention includes any one of the above-described vibration measuring devices, and performs control corresponding to the vibration measured by the vibration measuring device.
- FIG. 1 is a view for explaining an outline of a vibration measuring device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the bending portion in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a screen display of a graph showing experimental results in Example 1 of the first embodiment.
- the vertical axis of the figure (a) shows the displacement amount due to expansion and contraction of the piezoelectric element, and the horizontal axis shows time.
- FIG. 3B is a frequency spectrum diagram of FIG.
- FIG. 3 (c) shows the frequency change detected by the device of the embodiment, where the vertical axis represents the frequency change and the horizontal axis represents time.
- D is the frequency spectrum diagram of (c).
- FIG. 4 is a screen display of a graph showing experimental results in Comparative Example 1 of the present embodiment. Figures (a) to (d) correspond to Figures 3 (a) to (d).
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing experimental results in Example 2 of the present embodiment.
- the vertical axis of FIG. 6A shows the amount of frequency change detected in response to vibration as the output voltage [V] obtained by the detection unit 3.
- the horizontal axis indicates the angle of the piezoelectric element with respect to the bending portion 20.
- the vertical axis in the figure (b) is a logarithmic representation of the vertical axis in the figure (a).
- FIG. 3C is an explanatory diagram for explaining how to set the angle between the bending portion 20 and the piezoelectric element.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing experimental results in Comparative Example 2 of the present embodiment.
- Figures (a) to (c) correspond to Figures 5 (a) to (c).
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing experimental results in Example 3 and Comparative Example 3 of the present embodiment.
- the vertical axis in this graph indicates the amount of frequency change detected in response to vibration as the output voltage [V] obtained by the detection unit 3.
- the abscissa axis in this draf is the number of turns of the curved portion 20.
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram for explaining main parts of a vibration measuring device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a main part of the vibration measuring device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a view for explaining a main part of a vibration measuring device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a main part of a vibration measuring device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram for describing main parts of a vibration measuring device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram for describing main parts of a vibration measuring device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a main part of the vibration measuring device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a graph showing the measurement results (around 605 Hz) in Example 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a graph showing the measurement results (around 230 kHz) in Example 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram for describing main parts of a vibration measuring device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a nondestructive inspection method using the vibration measuring device according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a graph showing measurement results obtained by the vibration measuring device according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a main part of a vibration measuring device used in an experimental example of the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram for describing a main part of a vibration measuring device used in an experimental example of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram for describing a main part of a vibration measuring device used in an experimental example of the present invention.
- FIG. 23 is a view for explaining a main part of a vibration measuring device used in an experimental example of the present invention.
- FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram for describing a main part of a vibration measuring device used in an experimental example of the present invention.
- FIG. 25 is a graph showing measurement results in an experimental example of the present invention.
- FIG. 26 is a graph showing measurement results in an experimental example of the present invention.
- FIG. 27 is a graph showing the relationship between the diameter of the loop-shaped curved portion and the detection sensitivity.
- FIG. 28 is an explanatory view schematically showing a vibration measuring device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 29 is an explanatory view showing a modified example of the vibration measuring device according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 30 is an explanatory view showing a modified example of the vibration measuring device according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 31 is an explanatory diagram showing a modified example of the vibration measuring device according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 32 is an explanatory view schematically showing a vibration measuring device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
- This vibration measuring device mainly includes an input unit 1, an optical fiber 2, a detection unit 3, and an AOM (Acoustic Optical Modulator) 4.
- AOM Acoustic Optical Modulator
- the input unit 1 inputs input light to the optical fiber 2.
- the input unit 1 is a laser using a semiconductor, gas, or the like. Therefore, the input unit 1 can input laser light (coherent light) to the optical fiber 2.
- the input unit 1 is connected to the optical fiber 2 via a force bra.
- Input 1 A half mirror 11 for transmitting a part of the input light to the AOM 4 is disposed between the coupler and the coupler 21.
- the frequency of the input light is not particularly limited, and may be in the visible light range or the infrared range.
- the optical fiber 2 has a curved portion 20 to which a vibration to be measured is applied.
- the curved portion 20 is formed by orbiting the optical fiber 2.
- the number of turns (number of turns) is not particularly limited, but is 1 in the present embodiment. Therefore, the input light (measurement light) input to the optical fiber 2 passes through the bending portion 20.
- the bending portion 20 is arranged at a position where vibration is to be measured.
- the curved portion 20 is adhered to the measurement site by an adhesive means such as an adhesive tape or an adhesive.
- the curved portion 20 may be embedded in the measured object.
- the type of the optical fiber 2 is not particularly limited, and for example, an appropriate type such as a GI type, an SI type, a single mode type, or a multimode type can be used.
- the detection unit 3 detects a frequency change between the output light from the optical fiber 2 and the input light from the input unit 1 that has passed through the bending unit 20. Specifically, the beat of the input light sent through the half mirror 11, the AOM 4 (described later) and the half mirror 31 and the output light from the optical fiber 2 are taken, and the bit frequency is Changes can now be detected. As a result, a frequency change between input and output light is detected.
- the detection unit 3 is connected to the fiber 2 via the force brass 22.
- AOM 4 is the input optical frequency f. Change the f. 10 f M (where f M includes positive and negative). Since the configuration of such an AOM is well known, a detailed description is omitted. In this embodiment, the AOM is used, but any device may be used as long as the frequency of the input light can be changed. Next, a vibration measuring method using the above-described device will be described.
- the curved portion 20 of the fiber 2 is arranged at a position to be measured using an arbitrary fixing means (for example, an adhesive tape or an adhesive).
- an arbitrary fixing means for example, an adhesive tape or an adhesive.
- the input light is sent from the input unit 1 to the fiber 2.
- vibration elastic wave
- the vibration Accordingly, the frequency of the light passing through the curved portion 20 changes. That is, the frequency of the output light changes.
- This frequency change is detected by the detection unit 3.
- the vibration that can be detected in the curved portion 20 is considered to be a vibration having a vector component of the curved portion 20 in the radial direction.
- it is also possible to measure the vibration in the axial direction by converting the vibration in the axial direction of the bending portion 20 into the vibration in the radial direction.
- the frequency of the input light input to the detection unit 3 can be changed by the AOM 4. Therefore, by changing the frequency change ⁇ fi in the AOM 4, it is possible to know whether the frequency change ⁇ f2 of the light passing through the curved portion 20 is positive or negative. That is, when ⁇ f 1 > 0, if ⁇ f 2 increases, the frequency change becomes positive, and if A f 2 decreases, the frequency change becomes negative. If the positive / negative of the frequency change ⁇ f 2 of the light can be determined, it is possible to know the positive / negative of the vibration (whether the vibration is outward or inward of the curved portion). The reason is presumed to be as follows. That is, according to the findings of the inventors, it is considered that the frequency change amount corresponds to the change amount of the displacement speed of the bending portion 20 in the direction perpendicular to the bending portion 20 (normal direction). The expression is as follows.
- d f frequency change amount of light that has passed through a minute portion in the curved portion of the optical fiber
- f. Input light frequency
- the displacement speed in the direction orthogonal to the optical fiber 2 in the curved portion 20 is proportional to the amount of change in the frequency of light.
- the frequency change of the light is in the positive or negative direction
- vibration can be measured at a measurement target location simply by using a normal optical fiber and bending and attaching the fiber at the measurement location. Therefore, there is an advantage that the configuration of the device is simple.
- the diameter d (see FIG. 1) of the loop-shaped curved portion 20 is preferably one wavelength or less of the vibration to be measured.
- Figure 27 shows the results of measuring the detection sensitivity by changing the diameter.
- One wavelength of the oscillation is 3 O mm in this example. Above a diameter of 30 mm, the sensitivity does not change much. However, when the diameter is less than one wavelength, the sensitivity increases.
- the curved portion 20 is formed by circling the optical fiber 2.
- the bent portion 20 may be opened at one side, that is, at the center of curvature in the bent state (lower side in the figure). ,.
- it is highly sensitive to vibration from a direction crossing the optical fiber 2 and low in sensitivity to vibration from a direction along the optical fiber 2 (see Example 2 described later). Therefore, in this case, there is an advantage that the vibration measurement can have directivity.
- the light direction changes between the input light and the output light, for example, upward and downward.
- the opening length 1 3 of the curved portion 2 0 (see FIG. 2), similarly to the case curved portion 2 0 of the loop, and is preferably measured or less wave vibration considered available.
- the number of turns of the curved portion 20 is one, but may be two or more. In this case, sensitivity to vibration can be improved (see Example 3 described later).
- the entire curved portion 20 was stuck on a board (specifically, reinforced plastic) with adhesive tape.
- the fibers 2 other than the curved portion 20 were not bonded to the plate.
- the curved portion 20 was configured to be wound around by one turn.
- the circumference of the curved portion 20 was 62 mm.
- a piezoelectric element (piezo) was mounted on the same plate as a vibration source. Therefore, this piezoelectric element applies vibration to the plate in accordance with the applied AC voltage.
- the distance between the bending portion 20 and the piezoelectric element was 5 O mm.
- the position of the piezoelectric element is a position directly above the curved portion 20 with reference to FIG. Under these conditions, the piezoelectric element was vibrated.
- the vibration waveform of the piezoelectric element is shown in Fig. 3 (a), and the frequency spectrum obtained by Fourier analysis of this vibration is shown in Fig. 3 (b).
- the frequency change of the output light at this time is shown in Fig. 3 (c)
- the frequency spectrum of Fig. 3 (c) is shown in Fig. 3 (d).
- the vertical axis in Fig. 3 (c) is the amount of change in frequency.
- a straight optical fiber having no bend was adhered to the plate with adhesive tape over a length of 62 mm.
- the distance between the bonded fiber and the piezoelectric element was 5 O mm.
- Other conditions were the same as in Example 1.
- Fig. 4 shows the results. It can be seen that almost no vibration of the piezoelectric element can be detected with a fiber that has no bend.
- the curved portion 20 has a configuration in which one side (curvature center side) is opened similarly to the example of FIG. Other conditions were the same as in Example 1.
- Fig. 5 (a) shows a graph in which the magnitude of the frequency change according to the angle is represented as a voltage value.
- FIG. 7B shows a graph in which the amount of change is displayed in a logarithmic manner.
- how to set the angle is shown in FIG.
- the rotation in the 0 direction ie, the counterclockwise direction
- the radius of curvature at the tip of the curved portion 20 was about 5 mm, and the overall bending angle was about 90 °.
- FIG. 6 (c) shows how to set the angle of the piezoelectric element to 0 in this case.
- the curved portion 20 is configured to rotate a plurality of times.
- the number of laps was set to 2, 5 and 10 times.
- the radius of curvature of the curved portion was 5 mm.
- Other conditions were the same as in Example 1. Under these conditions, the piezoelectric element was vibrated. The magnitude of the frequency change amount output as the voltage value is shown in the portions of turns 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 in FIG.
- the object to be measured 5 has a cylindrical outer surface.
- the optical fiber 2 is circulated around the outer surface of the object 5 to be measured.
- the curved portion 20 is formed in the optical fiber 2.
- the optical fiber 2 is made to go around the object 5 a plurality of times, but may be made to go around only once as shown in FIG.
- a vibration measuring device according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
- the optical fiber 2 is wound around the object 5 in an oblique direction. In this way, there is an advantage that the torsional vibration acting on the measured object 5 is measured.
- Other configurations and advantages are the same as those of the second embodiment.
- a vibration measuring device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
- the measured object 5 has a short tubular shape.
- the optical fiber 2 is circulated around the object 5 to form a curved portion 20.
- the vibration applied to the measured object 5 in the axial direction is converted into the vibration on the peripheral surface of the measured object 5 according to the Poisson's ratio of the measured object 5.
- the vibration converted in this way is transmitted to the bending portion 20.
- This makes it possible to measure the vibration applied to the object 5 in the axial direction. Noh.
- this vibration measuring device it is conceivable to use this vibration measuring device as an acoustic pickup.
- a vibration measuring device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
- a plurality of bending portions 20 are provided in one optical fiber 2.
- one optical fiber 2 is circulated around a plurality of locations (two points in the illustrated example) of the measured object 5.
- vibrations generated at a plurality of locations on the object 5 can be measured by the curved portion 20 existing near the location.
- Such a configuration is preferable for detecting vibration due to a cause such as destruction of the measured object 5.
- the optical fiber since the optical fiber has low loss, even if one optical fiber 2 is made long, the decrease in the gain of the output light can be reduced.
- the optical fiber 2 between the plurality of curved portions 20 is gently circulated (see FIG. 12).
- the length of the optical fiber 2 changes due to the bending of the measured object 5.
- this length is L
- the frequency of light flowing through the fiber 2 changes according to dLZdt, as already known.
- Such frequency changes caused by bending become noise for the purpose of measuring vibration.
- the optical fiber 2 if the optical fiber 2 is gently circulated, the optical fiber 2 has a portion that expands and a portion that contracts due to the bending of the object 5 to be measured. Then, as a whole, growth can be almost cancelled. This has the advantage that vibration measurement can be performed more accurately.
- the main body 6 corresponds to the device under test in the above embodiment.
- the main body 6 is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape, more specifically, a cylindrical shape. Both end surfaces of the main body 6 are open. With this configuration, the present embodiment Thus, a vibration transmission medium (medium capable of transmitting pressure waves and elastic vibrations) can be introduced into the main body 6.
- the optical fiber 2 is circulated around the outer periphery of the main body 6 in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment, thereby forming a curved portion 20.
- Other configurations are the same as in the second embodiment.
- the vibration measuring device can be used as a sensor for vibration (for example, an underwater acoustic sensor) in a vibration transmission medium (for example, liquid such as water). Further, a gas may be used as the elastic vibration medium. In this case, for example, there is a use as an acoustic sensor in the air.
- the medium is introduced into the main body 6 (for example, the main body 6 is immersed in water), and the vibration transmitted from the medium to the main body 6 is measured.
- Vibration measurement was performed using a steel cylindrical member as the DUT 5.
- the length 1i of the DUT was 4 m and the diameter was 15 mm.
- the optical fiber 2 is circulated around the DUT 5 as described in the second embodiment. Circulating portion has a length 1 2 of about 5 0 cm from one end of the object 5 (left end in the drawing).
- a curved portion 20 is formed by orbiting the optical fiber 2.
- appropriate components such as an input unit 1, a detection unit 3, and an A0M 4 are connected to the optical fiber 2.
- a band-pass filter (not shown) that extracts a specific frequency band from the vibrations detected by the detection unit 3 is connected. This filter may be constituted by an analog filter or a digital filter.
- An ultrasonic transmitter 7 is attached to one end of the DUT 5.
- the ultrasonic transmitter 7 generates a vibration of 230 kHz.
- a low-frequency oscillator 8 is attached at the other end of the DUT 5.
- the low-frequency transmitter 8 generates a vibration of 605 Hz in this example.
- a vibration measuring method in this embodiment will be described.
- ultrasound Activate the transmitter 7 and the low-frequency transmitter 8 to apply each vibration to the DUT 5.
- This vibration was detected by the bending section 20, the optical fiber 2, and the detection section 3 (see Fig. 1).
- the component around 605 Hz was extracted by the filter.
- Fig. 15 shows the extracted vibration waveform.
- the figure shows a case where the optical fiber 2 is wound 10 times and a case where the optical fiber 2 is wound once. It can be seen that the 10-turn winding has higher sensitivity and can improve the S / N ratio.
- Figure 16 shows the extracted vibration waveform. This figure also shows a case where the optical fiber 2 is wound 10 times and a case where the optical fiber 2 is wound once.
- the amount of frequency change in the curved portion 20 does not depend on the radius of the orbital portion for the following reason.
- the velocity component is always in the vertical direction of the orbital part.
- the vibration of the measured object can be measured by attaching the curved portion 20 to the cylindrical measured object 5 (that is, the main body 6).
- the radius of curvature of the curved portion 20 of the optical fiber 2 is 5 mn! If it is smaller than ⁇ 10, the bending loss increases, depending on the material of the optical fiber, so that practical use becomes difficult.
- a measuring device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
- one optical fiber 2 is circulated around a plurality of locations, and thereby a plurality of curved portions 20 are formed.
- the plurality of curved portions 20 are attached to the measured object 5 as one detection area.
- the measured object 5 has a panel shape.
- the vibration when vibration is applied to any or a plurality of bending portions 20 due to damage to the object 5 to be measured or other reasons, the vibration can be detected by the detection unit 3. This type of use is suitable for monitoring structures.
- the measuring device shown in FIG. 17 is also suitable for active nondestructive inspection of the object 5 to be measured.
- Figure 18 shows how to use it. Vibration is applied to the measured object 5 using a vibration transmitter or a hammer. The vibration corresponding to the damage is applied to each curved portion 20. This vibration is acquired and measured by the plurality of bending portions 20. Necessary information such as the damage position and size of the measured object 5 can be obtained based on the characteristics (waveform and transmission time) of the detected vibration. This is because the vibration frequency and amplitude fluctuate at the damaged part.
- Figure 19 shows an example of the output. As shown here, when two waveforms A and B are measured, information such as the location of damage is estimated from the time interval and attenuation of both waveforms. For this estimation, an appropriate method can be used, for example, by creating a large number of teacher cases and estimating using a neural network constructed based on the teacher cases.
- the output gain of the detected vibration can be increased by increasing the number of turns of the bending portion 20. Therefore, by increasing the number of turns of the curved portion 20 to be detected, the optical fiber is not to be detected except for the portion to be detected. The influence (noise) of the vibration applied to the eyepiece 2 can be suppressed.
- the object 5 to be measured was a C FRP aluminum sandwich honeycomb.
- a loop-shaped curved portion 20 was attached to the surface of the workpiece 5 (see FIG. 20).
- An elastic wave was applied to the object 5 to be measured.
- the positional relationship between the exfoliation, the vibration source, and the bending portion 20 was changed as shown in FIGS.
- the peeled portion 5a is indicated by hatching.
- the peel length was 30 Omm.
- the curved portion 20 is arranged at the center of the peeled portion 5a. Furthermore, elastic waves were input from the outside of the peeled part 5a (as indicated by the arrow in the figure).
- the curved portion 20 is arranged near the end of the peeled portion 5a (at a position of about 1 Omm from the end). Furthermore, elastic waves were input from the outside (normal part side) of the peeled part 5a.
- the curved portion 20 is arranged near the end of the peeled portion 5a (at a position about 1 Omm from the end). Further, an elastic wave was input from the side of the peeling portion 5a (the peeling portion side).
- the curved portion 20 is arranged outside the peeled portion 5a (at a position about 1 Omm from the end of the peeled portion). Further, an elastic wave was input from the side of the peeling portion 5a (the peeling portion side).
- the peak value of the detected vibration was obtained as a voltage while changing the distance from the vibration source to the bending portion 20.
- Figure 25 shows the results.
- the conditions in FIGS. 20 to 24 correspond to the results in (a) to (e) in the figures. According to these results, the values are different from those without peeling (result of (a)) except for the case of Fig. 22 (result of (c)). Therefore, by measuring the peak value of the vibration, It is considered that the presence or absence of separation can be detected.
- the slope of the peak value changes on the way. This is presumed to be due to the fact that the peak value differs depending on whether or not the vibration source is in the separated portion, because the vibration attenuation rate differs between the separated portion and the normal portion. It is considered that the peeling position can be estimated based on this variation point. Also, the magnitude of the amplitude is different between the case where the vibration is transmitted through the peeled portion and the case where the vibration is transmitted only through the normal portion. It is considered possible to detect peeling.
- a measuring device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
- light passing through the curved portion 20 is referred to as measurement light
- light serving as a reference for detecting a change in the frequency of the measurement light is referred to as reference light.
- Table 1 for the transmission method of the measurement light and the reference light.
- Table 1 Combination of measurement light and reference light
- "one direction” means that the optical fiber that transmits the measurement light and the reference light respectively extends in one direction without looping.
- Figure 28 shows an example where the measurement light and reference light are extended in one direction.
- the input light input from the input unit (light source) 1 to the optical fiber 2 is split by the power blur 23 and input to the optical fiber for measurement light 201 and the optical fiber for reference light 202.
- These optical fibers 201 and 202 constitute a part of the fiber 2.
- Light that has passed through these fibers 201 and 202 is combined by a power blur 24 and detected by a detection unit 3.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment shown in FIG. Description is omitted.
- FIG. 29 shows a configuration in which the optical fiber for measurement light 201 and the optical fiber for reference light 202 are both looped.
- Other configurations are the same as those in FIG. 28, and the description thereof will be omitted by retaining the same reference numerals.
- FIG. 30 shows a configuration in which the optical fiber for measurement light 201 is looped and the optical fiber for reference light 202 is internally disposed. This configuration is equivalent to the configuration in FIG. Other configurations are the same as those in FIG. 28, and the description thereof will be omitted by retaining the same reference numerals.
- “reflection” means the configuration of the light (measurement light or reference light) input to the optical fiber that is reflected at the end of the optical fiber.
- FIG. 31 shows a configuration in which both the optical fiber for measurement light 201 and the optical fiber for reference light 202 are reflected. The measuring light and the reference light are reflected back at the ends 201a and 202a. The returned light is combined in the power blur 24 via the couplers 25 and 26 and sent to the detector 3.
- the other configuration is the same as that of FIG. 28, and the description thereof will be omitted by retaining the same reference numerals.
- the optical fiber can be installed by extending the optical fiber to the place where the optical fiber is laid and appropriately cutting the optical fiber at the end, so that there is an advantage that the installation is easy.
- the dispersion of the optical frequency can be matched, and as a result, the measurement accuracy is improved.
- the optical fiber 2 is wrapped around a sphere 9.
- the curved portion 20 is arranged around the sphere 9. According to this measuring device, the vibration applied to the sphere 9 can be detected by the bending portion 20. Therefore, there is an advantage that vibration measurement in three-dimensional directions is possible.
- the devices of the above embodiments can also be used as sensors for control such as active control. That is, the above-described vibration measurement device may be incorporated as a part of an active control system. In this case, this system receives as input the vibration measured by the vibration measuring device or its equivalent information, and performs control corresponding to the input. Since the active control system itself is well known, a description thereof will be omitted.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003508894A JP3517699B2 (ja) | 2001-06-27 | 2002-06-26 | 振動計測装置および振動計測方法 |
KR10-2003-7016921A KR20040019319A (ko) | 2001-06-27 | 2002-06-26 | 진동 계측 장치 및 진동 계측 방법 |
EP02738802A EP1400792A4 (en) | 2001-06-27 | 2002-06-26 | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR VIBRATION MEASUREMENT |
US10/745,050 US7262834B2 (en) | 2001-06-27 | 2003-12-23 | Sensor for measuring velocity of vibration using light waveguide |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001-193840 | 2001-06-27 | ||
JP2001193840 | 2001-06-27 | ||
JP2002023091 | 2002-01-31 | ||
JP2002-023091 | 2002-08-28 |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/745,050 Continuation-In-Part US7262834B2 (en) | 2001-06-27 | 2003-12-23 | Sensor for measuring velocity of vibration using light waveguide |
US10/756,050 Continuation-In-Part US6909101B2 (en) | 2001-07-12 | 2004-01-12 | Water purifying apparatus |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2003002956A1 true WO2003002956A1 (fr) | 2003-01-09 |
Family
ID=26617613
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2002/006422 WO2003002956A1 (fr) | 2001-06-27 | 2002-06-26 | Dispositif et procede de mesure de vibration |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7262834B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1400792A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3517699B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20040019319A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1520511A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2003002956A1 (ja) |
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WO2005095909A1 (ja) * | 2004-03-30 | 2005-10-13 | Toudai Tlo, Ltd. | 振動計測装置 |
JP2008261806A (ja) * | 2007-04-13 | 2008-10-30 | Toshiba Corp | 材料厚さモニタリングシステムおよび材料厚さ測定方法 |
US7536911B2 (en) * | 2003-09-22 | 2009-05-26 | Hyeung-Yun Kim | Diagnostic systems of optical fiber coil sensors for structural health monitoring |
JP2009300221A (ja) * | 2008-06-12 | 2009-12-24 | Lazoc Inc | 光ファイバを用いた振動センサ |
JP2010085366A (ja) * | 2008-10-02 | 2010-04-15 | Toshiba Corp | 高電圧電気機器の絶縁異常診断装置 |
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- 2002-06-26 EP EP02738802A patent/EP1400792A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-06-26 CN CNA028126793A patent/CN1520511A/zh active Pending
- 2002-06-26 KR KR10-2003-7016921A patent/KR20040019319A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US7536911B2 (en) * | 2003-09-22 | 2009-05-26 | Hyeung-Yun Kim | Diagnostic systems of optical fiber coil sensors for structural health monitoring |
WO2005095909A1 (ja) * | 2004-03-30 | 2005-10-13 | Toudai Tlo, Ltd. | 振動計測装置 |
JP2008261806A (ja) * | 2007-04-13 | 2008-10-30 | Toshiba Corp | 材料厚さモニタリングシステムおよび材料厚さ測定方法 |
US7711217B2 (en) | 2007-04-13 | 2010-05-04 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Active sensor, multipoint active sensor, method for diagnosing deterioration of pipe, and apparatus for diagnosing deterioration of pipe, and apparatus for diagnosis deterioration of pipe |
JP2009300221A (ja) * | 2008-06-12 | 2009-12-24 | Lazoc Inc | 光ファイバを用いた振動センサ |
JP2010085366A (ja) * | 2008-10-02 | 2010-04-15 | Toshiba Corp | 高電圧電気機器の絶縁異常診断装置 |
JP2011027533A (ja) * | 2009-07-24 | 2011-02-10 | Neubrex Co Ltd | 光ファイバ式音波検層システム及び土質検層構造 |
JP2011112543A (ja) * | 2009-11-27 | 2011-06-09 | Lazoc Inc | 光ファイバを用いた振動計測装置 |
JP2016028224A (ja) * | 2013-10-04 | 2016-02-25 | 株式会社東芝 | 配管検査装置および配管検査方法 |
US10738395B2 (en) | 2013-11-04 | 2020-08-11 | Invista North America S.A.R.L. | Multifilament fiber and method of making same |
WO2020250478A1 (ja) | 2019-06-12 | 2020-12-17 | 日本電気株式会社 | 音波感受用光ファイバケーブル |
US11802790B2 (en) | 2019-06-12 | 2023-10-31 | Nec Corporation | Optical fiber cable for sound wave sensing |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1520511A (zh) | 2004-08-11 |
US7262834B2 (en) | 2007-08-28 |
US20060152735A1 (en) | 2006-07-13 |
EP1400792A1 (en) | 2004-03-24 |
JP3517699B2 (ja) | 2004-04-12 |
JPWO2003002956A1 (ja) | 2004-10-21 |
EP1400792A4 (en) | 2006-07-26 |
KR20040019319A (ko) | 2004-03-05 |
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