WO2003000249A1 - Regulateur de la fonction du recepteur relatif aux retinoides - Google Patents
Regulateur de la fonction du recepteur relatif aux retinoides Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003000249A1 WO2003000249A1 PCT/JP2002/006349 JP0206349W WO03000249A1 WO 2003000249 A1 WO2003000249 A1 WO 2003000249A1 JP 0206349 W JP0206349 W JP 0206349W WO 03000249 A1 WO03000249 A1 WO 03000249A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- peroxisome proliferator
- activated receptor
- group
- optionally substituted
- hydrocarbon group
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C07D207/30—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D207/32—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/33—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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- C07D249/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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- C07D261/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,2-oxazole rings
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- C07D271/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms
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- C07D271/107—1,3,4-Oxadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3,4-oxadiazoles with two aryl or substituted aryl radicals attached in positions 2 and 5
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
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- C07D307/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D307/38—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D307/54—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D333/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D333/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D333/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom
- C07D333/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D333/24—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a retinoid-related receptor function regulator which is useful as a prophylactic / therapeutic agent for diabetes, hyperlipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance and the like.
- WO 00/01679 includes, as a retinoid-related receptor function regulator,
- R 1 represents an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic heterocyclic group
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group
- X represents 0, S or A represents a group represented by the formula _NR 4 — (R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group); and A represents an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic heterocyclic group.
- R 3 is a group represented by the formula —OR 5 (R 5 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group which may be substituted) or — NR 6 R 7 (R 6 and R 7 are the same or different and are each a hydrogen atom or a substituted And R 6 and R 7 may form a ring together with an adjacent nitrogen atom). Derivatives are described.
- Q, U, V and W represent a group represented by the formula — 0_, a group represented by the formula S
- R k (k: 1 to 8) means a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a lower alkyl group which may have a substituent or the like.
- R 7 or R 8 is a formula
- Ring A and ring B independently represent an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an unsaturated heterocyclic ring which may have a substituent, and D is a carboxyl group which may have a protecting group. Meaning).
- Ring B independently represent an aromatic hydrocarbon ring or an unsaturated heterocyclic ring which may have a substituent, and D is a carboxyl group which may have a protecting group. Meaning).
- A has at least one nitrogen atom and may be substituted, such as a heteroaryl group, etc.
- D is Ariren group, Heteroariren group,] 11 is 0 or 1
- M represents a hydroxyl group, a low-grade alkoxy group.
- Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma is a nuclear hormone receptor represented by the steroid hormone receptor and thyroid hormone receptor. It is a member of the superfamily, whose expression is induced very early in adipocyte differentiation, and plays an important role in adipocyte differentiation as a cell. PPART forms a dimer with the retinoid X receptor (R XR) by binding to a ligand and binds to the target gene responsive site in the nucleus to directly control (activate) the transcription efficiency.
- R XR retinoid X receptor
- prostaglandin D is a metabolite of 2 15
- Dokishi one delta 12 ⁇ 14 prostaglandin J 2 is suggested could be an endogenous ligand for P Parr, further, represented cash to thiazolidinedione derivative
- a kind of insulin sensitivity enhancer has PPARa ligand activity, and its strength is paralleled by its hypoglycemic action or adipocyte differentiation promoting action [Cell, 83, 803 (1995) Year); The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 270, 1.2953 (1995): Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 39 655 pages (1996)].
- R 1 and R 2 are each substituted May be a monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group or a monocyclic aromatic heterocyclic group containing one hetero atom, and the other may be a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group.
- A represents an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic heterocyclic group
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom
- —OR 4 represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group; the illustrated
- - NR5R 6 R 5 and R 6 are the same or different, and represent a hydrogen atom or a substituted Ding have may be a hydrocarbon group, or R 5 and R 6 are substituted together with the adjacent nitrogen atom Which may form a ring which may have a specific substituent).
- R 1 and R 2 are an optionally substituted monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group or a monocyclic aromatic heterocyclic group containing one hetero atom, and the other is a hydrogen atom
- A is a halogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group
- B is a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring (excluding 1,3-azole);
- A is an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group or An aromatic heterocyclic group;
- R 3 is a hydrogen atom, one OR 4 (R 4 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group) or — NR 5 R 6 (R 5 and R 6 are the same) Or differently, hydrogen atom or substituted Or a hydrocarbon group which may be substituted, or R 5 and R 6 may form a ring which may be substituted with an adjacent nitrogen atom).
- a retinoid-related receptor (excluding retinoic acid receptor) comprising a salt;
- a preventive / therapeutic agent for diabetes comprising a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor non-binding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor transcriptional activity promoter;
- a preventive / therapeutic agent for hyperlipidemia comprising a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor non-binding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor transcriptional activity promoter;
- a lipid metabolism improving agent comprising a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor non-binding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor transcriptional activity promoter
- a prophylactic / therapeutic agent for obesity comprising a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor non-binding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor transcriptional activity promoter; 7) A peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor non-receptor An insulin sensitivity enhancer comprising a binding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor transcriptional activity promoter;
- an insulin resistance improving agent comprising a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor non-binding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor transcriptional activity promoter
- a preventive / therapeutic agent for impaired glucose tolerance comprising a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor non-binding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor transcriptional activity promoter;
- a method for regulating the function of a retinoid-related receptor (excluding retinoic acid receptor) in a mammal which comprises administering the compound represented by the general formula (I) or a salt thereof to the mammal.
- a method for preventing or treating diabetes in a mammal comprising administering to the mammal a peroxisome proliferator-responsive receptor non-binding peroxisome proliferator-responsive receptor transcriptional activity promoter.
- a method for preventing or treating obesity in a mammal which comprises administering to the mammal a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor non-binding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor transcriptional activity promoter;
- a method for enhancing insulin sensitivity in a mammal which comprises administering to the mammal a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor non-binding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor transcriptional activity promoter;
- R 1 and R 2 are an optionally substituted monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group or a monocyclic aromatic heterocyclic group containing one hetero atom, and the other is a hydrogen atom , halogen atom or a substituted also be a hydrocarbon group optionally; a ⁇ Waso respectively optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic heterocyclic group;
- R 3 is a hydrogen atom, one oR 4 ( R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group) or one NR 5 R 6 (R 5 and R 6 are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group) Or R 5 and R 6 may form a ring which may be substituted together with the adjacent nitrogen atom).
- R 1 or R 2 An optionally substituted monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group or an optionally substituted Good hydrocarbon group, 3, 4-dimethoxy Hue group, 4 one pliers Ruo carboxymethyl-phenylalanine group, phenyl
- R 1 and R 2 are optionally substituted monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group or a monocyclic aromatic heterocyclic group containing one hetero atom, and the other is a hydrogen atom
- R 3 is a hydrogen atom, one OR 4 (R 4 is a hydrogen atom or a hydrogen atom group which may be substituted) or — NR 5 R 6 (R 5 and R 6 are the same or Differently represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group, or R 5 and R 6 together with an adjacent nitrogen atom may form an optionally substituted ring)
- Thiophene derivative (substituted by R 1 or R 2
- R 1 and R 2 is an optionally substituted monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group or a monocyclic aromatic heterocyclic group containing one hetero atom, and the other is A represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group; A represents an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic heterocyclic group; R 3 represents a hydrogen atom, 4 (R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group.) Or one NR 5 R 6 (R 5 and R 6 are the same or different and are a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon R 5 and R 6 may form a ring which may be substituted with an adjacent nitrogen atom); and R represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group.
- R 1 and R 2 are an optionally substituted phenyl group and the other is not pyridyl
- a salt thereof or a salt thereof.
- the “monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group” in the “optionally substituted monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group” represented by R 1 and R 2 includes, for example, a phenyl group.
- ⁇ monocyclic aromatic heterocyclic group containing one hetero atom '' in the ⁇ monocyclic aromatic heterocyclic group containing one hetero atom which may be substituted '' represented by R 1 and R 2 examples thereof include a 5- to 7-membered monocyclic aromatic heterocyclic group containing one hetero atom selected from an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom and a nitrogen atom in addition to a carbon atom as a ring-constituting atom.
- monocyclic aromatic heterocyclic group examples include, for example, furyl (2-furyl, 3_furyl), phenyl (2-phenyl, 3-phenyl), pyrrolyl (1-pyrrolyl, 2-pyrrolyl, Pyrrolyl), pyridyl (2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, 4-pyridyl) and the like.
- the ⁇ monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group '' and ⁇ early cyclic aromatic heterocyclic group containing one hetero atom '' represented by R 1 and R 2 each have 1 to 5 substitutable positions, preferably It may have 1 to 3 substituents.
- substituents include “halogen atom”, “nitro group”, “optionally substituted hydrocarbon” Group, "optionally substituted aromatic heterocyclic group”, “optionally substituted non-aromatic heterocyclic group”, “acyl group”, “optionally substituted amino group”, “substituted” An optionally substituted hydroxy group, an optionally substituted thiol group, and an optionally esterified or amidified hydroxyl group.
- halogen atom examples include fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine, and among them, fluorine and chlorine are preferable.
- hydrocarbon group in the “optionally substituted hydrocarbon group” examples include an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an alicyclic monoaliphatic hydrocarbon group, an araliphatic hydrocarbon group, and an aromatic group. And hydrocarbon groups.
- the number of carbon atoms in these hydrocarbon groups is preferably 114.
- an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 110 carbon atoms is preferable.
- Examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon group include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec.-butyl, and the like.
- t.-Butyl pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, isohexyl, heptyl, octyl, noel, etc., saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having 110 carbon atoms (eg, alkyl groups, etc.); for example, ethenyl, 1 _ Propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 2-methyl-1_propenyl, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 4-pentenyl, 3 —Methyl-2-butenyl, 1 xenyl, 3 xenyl, 24—hexagenyl, 5 xenyl, 1 _heptenyl, 1 _octenyl, ethynyl, 1-propynyl, 2 1-butynyl, 2-butynyl, 3-but
- an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 37 carbon atoms is preferable.
- the alicyclic hydrocarbon group include a saturated alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, and cycloheptyl (eg, cycloalkyl group, etc.); For example, 1-cyclopentenyl, 2-cyclopentenyl, 3-cyclopentenyl, 1-cyclohexenyl, 2-cyclohexenyl, 3-cyclohexenyl, 1-cycloheptenyl, 2-cycloheptenyl, 3-cycloheptenyl, And unsaturated alicyclic hydrocarbon groups having 5 to 7 carbon atoms such as 2,4-cycloheptagenyl (eg, cycloalkenyl group, cycloalkadienyl group, etc.).
- 2,4-cycloheptagenyl eg,
- Examples of the alicyclic monoaliphatic hydrocarbon group include those in which the above alicyclic hydrocarbon group is bonded to an aliphatic hydrocarbon group (eg, a cycloalkyl monoalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl-alkyl group, and the like). Among them, an alicyclic monoaliphatic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 9 carbon atoms is preferable. Examples of the alicyclic monoaliphatic hydrocarbon group include cyclopropylmethyl, cyclopropylethyl, cyclobutylmethyl, cyclopentylmethyl, 2-cyclopentenylmethyl, 3-cyclopentenylmethyl, cyclohexylmethyl, and 2-cyclopentylmethyl.
- Examples include cyclohexenylmethyl, 3-cyclohexenylmethyl, cyclohexylethyl, cyclohexylpropyl, cycloheptylmethyl, cycloheptylethyl and the like.
- an araliphatic hydrocarbon group having 7 to 13 carbon atoms e.g., an aralkyl group having 7 to 13 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group having 8 to 13 carbon atoms, etc.
- an araliphatic hydrocarbon group having 7 to 13 carbon atoms e.g., an aralkyl group having 7 to 13 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group having 8 to 13 carbon atoms, etc.
- Examples of the araliphatic hydrocarbon group include phenylalkyl having 7 to 9 carbon atoms such as benzyl, phenyl, 1-phenylethyl, 1-phenylpropyl, 2-phenylpropyl, and 3-phenylpropyl; ⁇ -naphthyl Naphthylalkyl having 11 to 13 carbon atoms such as methyl, ⁇ -naphthylethyl, iS-naphthylmethyl, ⁇ -naphthylethyl; phenylalkenyl having 8 to 10 carbon atoms such as styryl; carbon such as 21- (2-naphthyl) vinyl Examples include naphthylalkenyl having a number of 12 to 13.
- an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms (eg, an aryl group) is preferable.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon group include phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, phenanthryl, acenaphthylenyl, biphenylyl Among them, phenyl, 1.1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl and the like are preferable.
- substituent in the “optionally substituted hydrocarbon group” include an aromatic heterocyclic group (eg, chenyl, furyl, pyridyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, etc.), a non-aromatic heterocyclic group (eg, Mono- or di-substituted with tetrahydrofuryl, morpholino, thiomorpholino, piperidino, pyrrolidinyl, piperazinyl, etc.), amino group, alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or acyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms (eg, alkanoyl group, etc.) Amino groups, amidino groups, C 2 -C 8 acyl groups (eg, alkanoyl groups, etc.), carbamoyl groups, carbamoyl groups mono- or di-substituted with alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, sulfamoyl groups ,
- aralkylthio groups 6 to 14 carbon atoms aralkylthio groups (eg, phenylthio, naphthylthio, etc.), sulfo group, cyano group, azide group, nitro group, nitrodro group, halogen atom (eg, Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine).
- the number of the substituents is, for example, 1 to 3.
- aromatic heterocyclic group in the “optionally substituted aromatic heterocyclic group” examples include, for example, 1 to 5 heteroatoms selected from oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen atoms in addition to carbon atoms as ring constituent atoms. And a monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic aromatic heterocyclic group.
- Preferred examples of the monocyclic aromatic heterocyclic group include furyl, phenyl, phenyl, pyrrolyl, Oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxaziazolyl (1,2,3-oxadiazolyl, 1,2,4-oxadiazolyl, 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl), furazanil, thiadiazolyl (1,2,3,3,2,3) , 1,2,4-thiadiazolyl, 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl), triazolyl (1,2,3-triazolyl, 1,2,4-triazolyl), tetrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyragel, triazinyl, etc. Is mentioned.
- bicyclic or tricyclic aromatic heterocyclic group examples include benzofuranyl, isobenzofuranyl, benzo [b] thenyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, 1H-indazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxoxa Zolyl, benzothiazolyl, 1H-benzotriazolyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, cinnolyl, quinazolyl, quinoxalinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthyridinyl, prenyl, pteridinyl, carbazolyl, ⁇ -carbodilyl, ⁇ -carbodilyl, acrylonitrile , Acridinil, phenoxazinyl, phenothiazinyl, phenazinyl, phenoxathiinyl, thianthrenyl, indolizinyl, pyro-mouth [1,2-b] pyri
- non-aromatic heterocyclic group in the “optionally substituted non-aromatic heterocyclic group” examples include, for example, a heteroatom selected from an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom and a nitrogen atom in addition to a carbon atom as a ring-constituting atom. And 3 to 3 non-aromatic heterocyclic groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
- non-aromatic heterocyclic group examples include oxilanyl, azetidinyl, oxetanyl, cetanyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydropyranyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperazinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidino, morpholino, and the like.
- aromatic heterocyclic group and “optionally substituted Examples of the substituent in the “good non-aromatic heterocyclic group” include an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may be substituted with 1 to 3 halogen atoms (eg, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.).
- halogen atoms eg, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.
- aryl groups eg, phenyl, naphthyl, etc.
- aromatic heterocyclic groups eg, chenyl, furyl, pyridyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, etc.
- non-aromatic heterocyclic groups eg, tetrahydrofuryl, Morpholino, thiomorpholino, piperidino, pyrrolidinyl, piperazinyl, etc.
- hydrocarbon group for example, those exemplified as the substituents for R 1 and R 2 can be mentioned.
- the hydrocarbon group is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, a cycloalkenyl group having 5 to 7 carbon atoms, 6 to 14 aryl groups.
- aromatic heterocyclic group for R 7 or R 8 , for example, those exemplified as the substituents for the aforementioned R 1 and R 2 can be mentioned.
- the aromatic heterocyclic group is preferably phenyl, furyl or pyridyl.
- substituents in the “optionally substituted hydrocarbon group” and the “optionally substituted aromatic heterocyclic group” for R 7 or R 8 are preferably 1 to 3 octogen atoms ( (Eg, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.) ( ⁇ -6 alkoxy group, halogen atom (eg, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.), nitro group, hydroxy group, amino group
- the number of substituents is, for example, 1 to 3.
- acetyl group examples include, for example, acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, isobutyryl, valeryl, isovaleryl, pivaloyl, hexanoyl, heptanoyl, octanol, cyclobutanecarbonyl, cyclopentane, cyclohexanecarbonyl, cycloheptane carbonyl.
- Examples of the “optionally substituted amino group” include an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, and an aromatic group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms
- Examples thereof include an amino group which may be mono- or di-substituted by a hydrocarbon group or an acyl group having 1 to 13 carbon atoms. Examples of these groups include those exemplified as the substituents for R 1 and R 2 above.
- the C 1 to C 13 acyl group is preferably a C 2 to C 10 alkanol group, a C 7 to C 13 arylcarbonyl group, or the like.
- substituted amino group examples include methylamino, dimethylamino, ethylamino, acetylamino, propylamino, dibutylamino, diarylamino, cyclohexylamino, acetylamino, propionylamino, benzoylamino, phenylamino, N-methylaminophenyl, and the like.
- optionally substituted hydroxy group examples include, for example, an optionally substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, and carbon Examples thereof include an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 7 to 13 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, and a hydroxy group which may be substituted with an acyl group having 1 to 13 carbon atoms. Examples of these groups include those exemplified as the substituents for R 1 and R 2 above.
- substituents which these groups may have include, for example, an octogen atom (eg, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.) and one to three halogen atoms (eg, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.) ) May be substituted with an alkoxy group, a hydroxy group, a nitro group, an amino group, and the like.
- the number of substituents is, for example, 1 or 2.
- substituted hydroxy group examples include an optionally substituted alkoxy group, alkenyloxy group, cycloalkyloxy group, cycloalkenyloxy group, aralkyloxy group, aryloxy group, and acyloxy group.
- alkoxy group examples include an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, isobutoxy, sec.-butoxy, t.-butoxy, pentyloxy, isopentyloxy. , Neopentyloxy, hexyloxy, heptyloxy, noeroxy and the like.
- alkenyloxy group examples include an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, such as allyloxy, crotyloxy, 2-pentenyloxy, and 3-hexenyloxy.
- cycloalkyloxy group examples include cycloalkyl having 3 to 7 carbon atoms.
- Cyloxy groups for example, cyclobutoxy, cyclopentyloxy, cyclohexyloxy and the like. ,.
- cycloalkenyloxy group examples include a cycloalkenyloxy group having 5 to 7 carbon atoms, for example, 2-cyclopentenyloxy, 2-cyclohexenyloxy and the like.
- Ararukiruokishi groups Ararukiruo alkoxy group 0 7 to 1 carbon atoms, for example phenylene Roux ( ⁇ _ 4 Arukiruokishi (eg, Benjiruokishi include Hue like Nechiruokishi) and the like.
- aryloxy group examples include an aryloxy group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, such as phenoxy and naphthyloxy.
- acyloxy group examples include an acyloxy group having 2 to 13 carbon atoms, and more preferably an alkynyloxy group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms (eg, acetyloxy, propionyloxy, petyryloxy, isoptyryloxy, etc.) and the like. No. '
- alkoxy group, alkenyloxy group, cycloalkyloxy group, cycloalkenyloxy group, aralkyloxy group, aryloxy group and acyloxy group may have one or two substituents at substitutable positions.
- substituents include, for example, a halogen atom (eg, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.) and one to three halogen atoms (eg, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.) And an alkoxy group, a hydroxy group, a nitro group, an amino group and the like.
- Examples of the thiol group which may be substituted include an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, and an aromatic aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 7 to 13 carbon atoms.
- Examples include a hydrogen group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, a thiol group which may be substituted with an acyl group or a heteroaryl group having 1 to 13 carbon atoms. Examples of these groups include those exemplified as the substituents for R 1 and R 2 above.
- heteroaryl group examples include pyridyl (eg, 2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl), imidazolyl (eg, 21-imidazolyl), triazolyl (eg, 1, 2, 4, 4-triazo-l 5-yl) and the like.
- substituted thiol group examples include an alkylthio group, a cycloalkylthio group, an aralkylthio group, a 7arylthio group, an acylthio group, and a heteroarylthio group.
- alkylthio group examples include an alkylthio group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, such as methylthio, ethylthio, propylthio, isopropylthio, butylthio, isobutylthio, sec-butylthio, t-butylthio, pentylthio, isopentylthio, and neopentyl. Pentylthio, hexylthio, heptylthio, nonylthio and the like.
- cycloalkylthio group examples include a cycloalkylthio group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms, for example, cyclobutylthio, cyclopentylthio, cyclohexylthio and the like.
- aralkylthio group examples include an aralkylthio group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms, such as phenylalkylthio (eg, benzylthio, phenethylthio, etc.).
- arylthio groups include arylthio groups having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, such as phenylthio and naphthylthio.
- acylthio group examples include an acylthio group having 2 to 13 carbon atoms, and more preferably an alkynylthio group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms (e.g., acetylthio, propionylthio, butyrylthio, isobutyrylthio, etc.).
- heteroarylthio group examples include pyridylthio (eg, 2-pyridylthio, 3-pyridylthio), imidazolylthio (eg, 2-imidazolylthio), triazolylthio (eg, 1,2,4-triazole-5-ylthio) And the like.
- the esterified carboxyl group in the optionally esterified carboxyl group includes, for example, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms (eg, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, propoxycarboxyl, butoxycarponyl, etc.), carbon An aralkyloxycarbonyl group having a number of 8 to 10 (e.g., benzyloxycarponyl), an alkyl group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms and 1 to 3 carbon atoms Number of carbons that may be substituted with a group? To 15 aryloxycarbonyl groups (eg, phenoxycarbonyl, p-tolyloxycarbonyl, etc.) and the like.
- an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms eg, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, propoxycarboxyl, butoxycarponyl, etc.
- the amidated carboxyl group may be represented by the formula: CON (R 9 ) (R 10 )
- R 9 and R 1D are the same or different and each represent a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group or an optionally substituted heterocyclic group.).
- the substituents in the hydrocarbon group and the heterocyclic group are preferably a halogen atom (eg, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.), and 1 to 3 halogen atoms (eg, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.). It may be substituted (: 6 alkoxy groups, nitro groups, hydroxy groups, amino groups.
- the number of substituents is, for example, 1-3.
- the “optionally substituted hydrocarbon group” is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (eg, methyl).
- halogen atom represented by R 1 and R 2 examples include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine and the like. Of these, chlorine is preferred.
- R 1 and R 2 are optionally substituted monocyclic.
- Aromatic It is preferable that the other (preferably R 1 ) is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a hydrocarbon group which may be substituted.
- optionally substituted monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group preferably a halogen atom (e.g., fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.); eight androgenic which may be of ( ⁇ _ 6 alkyl group (e.g., triflate Ruo Russia methyl, t - heptyl.); nitro group; amino group; c 6 _ 14 Ariruokishi group (e.g., phenoxy) have three 1 the selection Bareru substituents etc. A good phenyl group.
- a halogen atom e.g., fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.
- eight androgenic which may be of ( ⁇ _ 6 alkyl group (e.g., triflate Ruo Russia methyl, t - heptyl.); nitro group; amino group; c 6 _ 14 Ariruokishi group (e.g., phenoxy) have three 1 the selection Bareru substitu
- halogen atom is preferably chlorine
- optionally substituted hydrocarbon group is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (eg, methyl).
- R 1 is preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (eg, methyl), and R 2 is Preferably, it is a phenyl group which may be substituted with an optionally halogenated- 6 alkyl group (eg, trifluoromethyl, t.-butyl).
- R 2 is more preferably halogenated
- the “optionally substituted hydrocarbon group” is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (eg, methyl).
- the “5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring (excluding 1,3-azole)” represented by B for example, as a ring-constituting atom, a heteroatom selected from an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom and a nitrogen atom in addition to a carbon atom 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring containing 1 to 4 (excluding 1,3-azole).
- the 5- or 6-membered heterocycle include furan, thiophene, pyrrol, isoxazol, isotizizol, pyrazol, oxaziazole (1,2,31-oxaziazole, 1,2,2 4-oxaziazol, 1, 3, 4- Oxaziazole), furazane, thiadiazole (1,2,3-thiadiazole, 1,2,4-thiadiazole, 1,3,4-thiadiazole), triazol (1,2,3-triazole, 1 , 2, 4-triazole), 5-membered aromatic heterocycle such as tetrazole;
- 6-membered non-aromatic heterocycles such as morpholinin, thiomorpholine, piperazine, pyrrolidinyl, piperidine, tetrahydropyran; and the like.
- B is preferably a 5- or 6-membered aromatic heterocycle, more preferably furan, thiophene, pyrrole, isoxazole, oxaziazole, triazole, pyridine and the like.
- substituents in the “optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group” include those exemplified as the substituent in the aforementioned “optionally substituted hydrocarbon group” which is a substituent in R 1 and R 2 . Is mentioned.
- the number of substituents is, for example, 1 to 3.
- Examples of the “optionally substituted aromatic heterocyclic group” represented by A include those exemplified as the substituents for R 1 and R 2 .
- the number of substituents is, for example, 1 to 3.
- the substituent in the “optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group” and the “optionally substituted aromatic heterocyclic group” represented by A is preferably a hydroxy group; an aralkyloxy group having 7 to 9 carbon atoms. (Eg, benzyloxy); an amino group; an alkyl group of up to 4 or an acyl group of 2 to 8 carbon atoms (eg, triflu Amino or mono- or di-substituted amino group; nitro group; halogen atom; alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may be substituted by 1 to 3 halogen atoms; 1 to 0.3 halogen atom And an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may be substituted.
- A is preferably an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, more preferably a hydroxy group;
- An aralkyl group having up to 9 carbon atoms eg, benzyloxy
- an amino group eg, an amino group mono- or di-substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an acyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms (eg, trifluoroacetyl);
- An aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms (eg, phenyl, naphthyl, etc.) which may have 1 to 3 substituents selected from alkoxy groups, and particularly preferably an aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms. (Eg, phenyl, naphthyl, etc.).
- ⁇ has the same meaning as the above A except that it does not have a carboxyl group which may be esterified as a substituent.
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom, one OR 4 (R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group which may be substituted) or one NR 5 R 6 (R 5 and R 6 are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or Represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group, or R 5 and R 6 may form an optionally substituted ring together with an adjacent nitrogen atom).
- the “optionally substituted hydrocarbon group” is preferably an “alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (preferably, methyl or ethyl)”, an “aralkyl group having 7 to 13 carbon atoms (preferably, Benzyl) ”and the like.
- R 5 and R 6 those exemplified as the substituents for R 1 and R 2 can be mentioned.
- the ring in the “optionally substituted ring” formed by R 5 and R 6 together with the adjacent nitrogen atom include a 5- to 7-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring.
- Preferred examples of the 5- to 7-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring include pyrrolidine, piberidine, hexamethyleneimine, morpholine, thiomorpholine, piperazine and the like.
- substituent in the ⁇ optionally substituted ring '' include, for example, those exemplified as the substituent in the ⁇ optionally substituted aromatic heterocyclic group '' which is the substituent in the above R 1 and R 2 No.
- R 3 is preferably a hydrogen atom or ⁇ R 4 (the symbols have the same meanings as described above), and more preferably —OR 4 (the symbols have the same meanings as described above).
- R 4 is preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (eg, methyl, ethyl).
- the optionally substituted monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group or the optionally substituted monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group represented by R 1 or R 2 is 3, 4— It is not a dimethoxyphenyl group, 4-benzyloxyphenyl group, or a phenyl group substituted by a carboxyl group which may be alkylesterified.
- the optionally substituted monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group or the optionally substituted hydrocarbon group represented by R 1 or R 2 has a substituent at the 4-position. Not a phenyl group which may be possessed, an alkylesterified phenyl group which is not substituted by a propyloxyl group; one optionally substituted hetero atom represented by R 1 or R 2 ; Is not a substituted phenyl group.
- R 1 and R 2 when one of R 1 and R 2 is a phenyl group which may be substituted, the other is not pyridyl.
- Preferred examples of the compound represented by the general formula (I) include the following compounds.
- R 1 and R 2 are a halogen atom (preferably chlorine); Optionally halogenated alkyl group (preferably Torifuruoromechi Le, t - heptyl.); Nitro group; an amino group; and Ji 6 - 1 4 Ariruokishi group (favorable Mashiku is phenoxy) 1 substituent selected from A phenyl group which may have three, and the other being (preferably R is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom (preferably chlorine) or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (preferably methyl);
- B is furan, thiophene, pyrrole, isoxazole, oxaziazole, triazole or pyridine (preferably furan, thiophene, pyrrole);
- A is a hydroxy group; an aralkyloxy group having 7 to 9 carbon atoms (preferably benzyloxy); an amino group; 'an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an acyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms (preferably trifluoroacetyl).
- An aryl group (preferably phenyl) having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, which may have 1 to 3 substituents selected from an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
- a pharmacologically acceptable salt is preferable.
- the salt with an inorganic base include alkali metal salts such as lithium salt, sodium salt and potassium salt; alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salt and magnesium salt; aluminum salt, ammonium salt and the like.
- alkali metal salts such as lithium salt, sodium salt and potassium salt
- alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salt and magnesium salt
- Preferred examples of the salt with an organic base include, for example, trimethylamine, triethylamine, pyridine, picoline, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, dicyclohexylamine, N, N-dibenzylethyl. Salts with rangenamine and the like.
- salts with inorganic acids include, for example, salts with hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and the like.
- salts with organic acids include, for example, formic acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, fumaric acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, malic acid, methanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p- Examples thereof include salts with toluenesulfonic acid and the like.
- salts with basic amino acids include salts with arginine, lysine, orditin and the like.
- salt with an acidic amino acid include, for example, salts with aspartic acid, glutamic acid and the like.
- Examples of the salt of the compound represented by the general formulas (1-1), (1-2), (1-3) and the like include the same as the salt of the compound (I).
- Compound (I) may be used as a prodrug.
- a prodrug of compound (I) is a compound that is converted into compound (I) by a reaction with an enzyme, gastric acid, or the like under physiological conditions in a living body, that is, a compound ( A compound that changes to compound (I) or a compound that changes to compound (I) by hydrolysis or the like due to stomach acid or the like.
- a compound in which the amino group of the compound (I) is acylated, alkylated, or phosphorylated for example, the amino group of the compound (I) is eicosanoylated, alanylated, pertinated
- carboxyl group of the compound (I) is E Sterilized or amidated compounds (e.g., the propyloxyl group of compound (I) is ethylesterified, phenylesterified, carboxymethylesterified, dimethylaminomethylesterified, pivaloyloxymethylesterified) , Ethoxycarponyloxyschetyl esterification, phthalidyl esterification, (5-methyl 2-oxo-1,3-dioxolene-4-yl) methyl esterification, hexyloxycarponylethyl Esterified, methylamidated compounds, etc.); These compounds can be produced from compound (I) by a method known per se. ,
- prodrugs of compound (I) are those that change to compound (I) under physiological conditions, as described in Hirokawa Shoten 1990, “Development of Pharmaceuticals,” Vol. 7, Molecular Design, pp. 163 to 198. It may be.
- Compound (I) an isotope (eg, 3 ⁇ 4, "C, 35 S , 125 1 , etc.) may be labeled with a.
- compound (I) may be an anhydride or a hydrate.
- Compounds represented by general formulas (1-1), (1-2), (I-13) and the like may also be used as prodrugs similar to compound (I), and areotopes (eg, 3 ⁇ 4 , 35 S, 125 I etc.), and may be anhydrous or hydrated.
- Compound (I) [comprising compounds (1-1), (1-2) and (1-3)] or a salt thereof (hereinafter may be simply abbreviated as the compound of the present invention) has low toxicity.
- a mammal eg, a human, a mouse, a rat, a rabbit, a dog, a cat, a rabbit, a rabbit, Can be used as a retinoid-related receptor (excluding retinoic acid receptor) as a function regulator.
- the pharmacologically acceptable carrier various organic or inorganic carrier substances commonly used as pharmaceutical materials are used, and excipients, lubricants, binders, disintegrants in solid preparations, and liquid preparations in liquid preparations.
- excipients such as lubricants, binders, disintegrants in solid preparations, and liquid preparations in liquid preparations.
- Preferred examples of the excipient include lactose, sucrose, D-mannitol, D-sorbitol, starch, pregelatinized starch, dextrin, crystalline cellulose, low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose sodium, gum arabic, Examples include dextrin, pullulan, light silicic anhydride, synthetic aluminum silicate, magnesium aluminate metasilicate, and the like.
- Preferred examples of the lubricant include, for example, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, talc, colloidal silica and the like.
- binder examples include starch iodide, sucrose, gelatin, arabia gum, methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose sodium, crystalline cellulose, sucrose, D-mannitol, trehalose, dextrin, pullulan, and hydroxypropyl Cellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the like can be mentioned.
- disintegrant examples include lactose, sucrose, starch, lipoxymethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose calcium, croscarmellose sodium, carboxymethylstarch sodium, light citric anhydride, low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose, and the like. Is mentioned.
- the solvent include water for injection, physiological saline, Ringer's solution, alcohol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, sesame oil, corn oil, olive oil, cottonseed oil and the like.
- solubilizer examples include, for example, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, D-mannitol, trehalose, benzyl benzoate, phenol, trisaminomethane, cholesterol, triethanolamine, sodium carbonate, quencher Sodium salt, sodium salicylate, sodium acetate and the like.
- the suspending agent include, for example, stearyl triethanolamine, sodium lauryl sulfate, lauryl aminopropionic acid, lecithin, salicylic acid benzaconium, benzethonium chloride, glyceryl monostearate and the like.
- Surfactants for example, hydrophilic polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, potassium oxymethylcellulose sodium, methylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, and hydroxypropylcellulose; polysorbates, polyoxyethylene cured castor Such as oil.
- the tonicity agent include sodium chloride, glycerin, D-manni-1-yl, D-sorbitol, and budousugar.
- buffers such as phosphate, acetate, carbonate, citrate and the like.
- the soothing agent include benzyl alcohol and the like.
- preservative examples include, for example, paraoxybenzoic acid esters, chlorobutanol, benzyl alcohol, phenethyl alcohol, dehydroacetic acid, sorbic acid and the like.
- Preferred examples of the antioxidant include, for example, sulfite, ascorbate and the like.
- the colorant include, for example, water-soluble edible tar dyes (eg, edible dyes such as edible red No. 2 and 3, edible yellow No. 4 and 5, edible blue No. 1 and 2), water-insoluble lakes Dyes (eg, the aluminum salt of the water-soluble edible tar dye, etc.), natural dyes (eg, / 3-potency rotin, chlorophyll, bengalara etc.) and the like.
- water-soluble edible tar dyes eg, edible dyes such as edible red No. 2 and 3, edible yellow No. 4 and 5, edible blue No. 1 and 2
- water-insoluble lakes Dyes eg, the aluminum salt of the water-soluble edible tar dye, etc.
- natural dyes eg, / 3-potency rotin, chlorophyll, bengalara etc.
- the sweetener include saccharin sodium, dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, aspartame, stevia and the like.
- the dosage form of the pharmaceutical composition include tablets (including sublingual tablets and orally disintegrating tablets), capsules (including soft capsules and microcapsules), granules, powders, troches, syrups, emulsions, Oral preparations such as suspensions; and injections (eg, subcutaneous injections, intravenous injections, intramuscular injections, intraperitoneal injections, etc.), external preparations (eg, intranasal preparations, transdermal preparations, Ointments, etc.), suppositories (eg, rectal suppositories, Parenteral preparations such as vaginal suppositories, pellets, drops, eye drops, pulmonary preparations (inhalants), and the like, which can be safely orally or parenterally administered, respectively.
- These preparations may be controlled-release preparations such as
- the pharmaceutical composition can be produced by a method commonly used in the technical field of formulation, for example, the method described in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia. Hereinafter, the specific production method of the drug product will be described in detail. ,
- oral preparations include active ingredients, such as excipients (eg, lactose, sucrose, starch, D-mannitol, etc.), disintegrants (eg, carboxymethylcellulose, lucidum, etc.), binders (eg, Add starch, gum arabic, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, etc.) or lubricating agents (eg, talc, magnesium stearate, polyethylene glycol 600, etc.) and compress and mold. If necessary, it is produced by coating with a coating base by a method known per se for the purpose of taste masking, enteric coating or persistence.
- active ingredients such as excipients (eg, lactose, sucrose, starch, D-mannitol, etc.), disintegrants (eg, carboxymethylcellulose, lucidum, etc.), binders (eg, Add starch, gum arabic, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrol
- the coating base examples include a sugar coating base, a water-soluble film coating base, an enteric film coating base, and a sustained release film coating base.
- sucrose is used, and one or more kinds selected from talc, precipitated calcium carbonate, gelatin, acacia, pullulan, carnapalow and the like may be used in combination.
- water-soluble film coating base examples include cellulosic polymers such as hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, and methylhydroxyethylcellulose; polyvinyl acetate monoethyl acetate; Synthetic polymers such as aminoalkyl methacrylate-tocopolymer E (Eudragit E (trade name), Kuchiichi Mufuarma Co., Ltd.) and polyvinylpyrrolidone; and polysaccharides such as pullulan.
- cellulosic polymers such as hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, and methylhydroxyethylcellulose
- polyvinyl acetate monoethyl acetate Synthetic polymers such as aminoalkyl methacrylate-tocopolymer E (Eudragit E (trade name), Kuchiichi Mufuarma Co., Ltd.) and polyvinylpyrrolidone
- hydroxypropyl Cellulosic polymers such as tylcellulose phthalate, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose acetate succinate, carboxymethylethylcellulose, and cellulose acetate phthalate; methacrylic acid copolymer L [Eud Ragit L (trade name), Rohm Pharma Co.] Acrylic acid-based polymers such as methacrylic acid copolymer LD (Eudragit L-1 30 D55 (trade name), Rohm Pharma Co., Ltd.), methacrylic acid copolymer S (Eudragit S (trade name), Rohm Pharma Co., Ltd.); shellac, etc. Natural products.
- sustained-release film coating base examples include cellulosic polymers such as ethyl cellulose; aminoalkyl methacrylate copolymer RS (Oidragit RS (trade name), Rohm Pharma Co., Ltd.), and ethyl acrylate * Acrylic acid polymers such as methyl methyl acrylate copolymer suspension [Eudragit NE (trade name), Rohm Pharma Co., Ltd.].
- the above-mentioned coating bases may be used as a mixture of two or more kinds at an appropriate ratio.
- a light-shielding agent such as titanium oxide or iron sesquioxide may be used.
- Injectables contain active ingredients in dispersing agents (eg, polysorbate 80, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil 60, polyethylene glycol, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, etc.), preservatives (eg, methyl paraben, Propylparaben, benzyl alcohol, chlorobutanol, phenol, etc.), tonicity agent (eg, sodium chloride, glycerin, D-mannitol, D-sorbitol, glucose, etc.) and aqueous solvents (eg, distilled water, physiological water) It is manufactured by dissolving, suspending or emulsifying in an oily solvent (eg, vegetable oils such as olive oil, sesame oil, cottonseed oil, and corn oil; propylene glycol, etc.).
- dispersing agents eg, polysorbate 80, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil 60, polyethylene glycol, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, etc.
- preservatives eg,
- additives such as a solubilizing agent (eg, sodium salicylate, sodium acetate, etc.), a stabilizer (eg, human serum albumin, etc.), a soothing agent (eg, benzyl alcohol, etc.) may be used.
- a solubilizing agent eg, sodium salicylate, sodium acetate, etc.
- a stabilizer eg, human serum albumin, etc.
- a soothing agent eg, benzyl alcohol, etc.
- the compound of the present invention has a blood glucose lowering effect, a blood lipid lowering effect, a blood insulin lowering effect. It has an action, an insulin sensitizing action, an insulin sensitivity enhancing action, and a retinoid-related receptor (excluding retinoic acid receptor) function regulating activity.
- the function-modulating activity means activating or suppressing the function of a retinoid-related receptor (excluding a retinoic acid receptor) (ie, a transmission system).
- Retinoid-related receptors are DNA-binding transcription factors that are included in nuclear receptors and use ligands for signal molecules such as fat-soluble vitamins as ligands. These are monomeric receptors, homodimeric receptors, and heterodimeric receptors. It can be any of the telomeric receptors.
- retinoid ⁇ receptor for example, retinoid ⁇ receptor (hereinafter may be abbreviated as ROR) a (GenBank Accession No. L14611), ROR ⁇ (GenBank Accession No. L14160), ROR r ( GenBank Accession No. U16997); Re v— erb (GenBank Accession No. M24898), Re v— erb ⁇ (GenBank Accession No. L31785); ERR a (GenBank Accession No. X51416), ERR S (GenBank Accession No. X51417) ); Ftz-FIa (GenBank Accession No. S65876); Ftz-FI ⁇ (GenBank Accession No. M81385); TIx (GenBank Accession No. S77482); GCNF (GenBank Accession No. U14666). .
- homodimeric receptor examples include retinoid X receptor (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as RXR) HI (GenBank Accession No. X52773) ⁇ RXR] 3 (GenBank Accession No. M84820), RXR r (GenBank Accession No. U38480); C OUPa (GenBank Accession No.X12795), COUP ⁇ (GenBank Accession No.M64497), COUP r (GenBank Accession No.XI2794); TR2a (GenBank Accession No.M29960), TR2i3 (GenBank Accession No. L27586); or homodimers formed by HNF4a (GenBank Accession No. X76930), HNF4r (GenBank Accession No. Z49826), and the like.
- RXR retinoid X receptor
- HI GenBank Accession No. X52773
- RXR] 3 GenBank Accession No. M84820
- RXR r GenBank Accession No. U
- heterodimeric receptors include the above-mentioned retinoid X receptor (R XRo !, RXR or RXR) and thyroid hormone receptor (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as TR) (GenBank Accession No. 24748). , TRjS (GenBank Accession No. M26747); Vitamin D receptor (VDR) (GenBank Accession No. J03258); Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as PPAR) (GenBank Accession No. L02932), PPARjS (P PAR 6) (GenBank Accession No. U103.75) 3 ⁇ 4 PPARr (GenBank Accession No.
- L40904 LXR o; (GenBank Accession No. U22662), LXR / S (GenBank Accession No. U14534); FXR ( GenBank Accession No. U18374); MB67 (GenBank Accession No. L29263); ONR (GenBank Accession No. X75163); and NUR (GenBank Accession No. L13740), NUR (GenBank Accession No. X75918), NUR r ( GenBank Accession No. U12767), and a heterodimer formed by l kinds of receptors selected from the group.
- the compounds of the present invention include, among others, retinoid X receptor (RXRa, RXR3, RXRr) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR, PPAR
- the compound of the present invention is a heterodimeric receptor formed by a retinoid X receptor and a peroxisome proliferator-responsive receptor (eg, a heterodimeric receptor formed by RXRa and PPAR ⁇ ). And a heterodimeric receptor formed by RXRo! And PPARr, etc.) have an excellent function of activating a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor.
- the compound of the present invention promotes the transcriptional activity of these receptors without binding to retinoid-related receptors (excluding retinoic acid receptors), especially peroxisome proliferator-responsive receptors (preferably PPARr). Therefore, the compounds of the present invention are superior drugs that do not have a weight-gaining effect (eg, for diabetes, hyperlipidemia, etc.) as compared with PPARa ligands represented by insulin resistance improvers described below as concomitant drugs. It is useful as a preventive and therapeutic agent.
- the compound of the present invention has an action of enhancing the PPARr transcription activity possessed by a PPAR ligand represented by an insulin sensitizer
- the compound of the present invention and a PPAR ligand represented by an insulin resistance improver are used. By using them in combination, a better blood sugar lowering effect or a preventive and therapeutic effect for diabetes can be obtained.
- the compound of the present invention is a prophylactic / therapeutic agent for diabetes (eg, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes, etc.); hyperlipidemia (eg, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, low HDL blood) ⁇ Improvement of insulin resistance; Insulin sensitivity enhancer; Insufficiency of glucose tolerance [I GT (Impaired Glucose Tolerance)] ⁇ Prevention and treatment of glucose intolerance; and diabetes from glucose intolerance It can be used as a transfer inhibitor for diabetes (eg, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes, etc.); hyperlipidemia (eg, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, low HDL blood) ⁇ Improvement of insulin resistance; Insulin sensitivity enhancer; Insufficiency of glucose tolerance [I GT (Impaired Glucose Tolerance)] ⁇ Prevention and treatment of glucose intolerance; and diabetes from glucose intolerance It can be used as a transfer inhibitor for diabetes (eg, type 1 diabetes, type 2
- diabetes was defined as a fasting blood glucose level (dulcose concentration in venous plasma) of 126 mg / d 1 or more, a 75 g transglucose tolerance test (75 g OGTT), and a 2-hour value (glucose in venous plasma). Concentration) is 200 mgZd 1 or more, and the blood glucose level (glucose concentration in venous plasma) is 200 mgZd 1 or more.
- diabetes was defined as a fasting blood glucose level (glucose concentration in venous plasma) of 12-6 mg / d1 or more, and a 2-hour value of 75 g transglucose tolerance test (in venous plasma). (Glucose concentration) is 200 mg Zcl l or more.
- impaired glucose tolerance refers to a fasting blood glucose level (glucose concentration in venous plasma) of less than 126 mg Zd1 and a 2-hour value of 75 g translobulin glucose tolerance test (venous plasma Is less than 140 mg Zd1 and less than 20 OmgZd1.
- ADA reports According to this, a state in which the fasting blood glucose level (glucose concentration in venous plasma) is not less than ll Omg / d 1 and less than 126 mg Zd 1 is called IFG (Impaired Fasting Glucose).
- the compound of the present invention is also used as a prophylactic / therapeutic agent for diabetes, borderline type, impaired glucose tolerance, IFG (Impaired Fasting Glucose) and IFG (I immediately aired Fasting Glycemia) determined by the above-mentioned new criteria. Further, the compound of the present invention can also prevent the progression of diabetes from borderline type, impaired glucose tolerance, IFG (Impaired Fasting Glucose) or IFG (Impaired Fasting Glycemia).
- the compound of the present invention may be used, for example, for diabetic complications [eg, neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, cataract, macrovascular disorder, osteopenia, diabetic hyperosmotic coma, infectious diseases (eg, respiratory infections, urine Tract infections, gastrointestinal infections, skin and soft tissue infections, lower limb infections, etc.), diabetic gangrene, xerostomia, decreased hearing, cerebrovascular disorders, peripheral blood circulation disorders, etc.], obesity, osteoporosis, cachexia (Eg, cancer cachexia, tuberculosis cachexia, diabetic cachexia, hematologic cachexia, endocrine disease cachexia, cachexia due to infectious cachexia or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), fatty liver, Hypertension, polycystic ovary syndrome, renal disease (eg, diabetic nephropathy, glomerulonephritis, glomerulosclerosis, nephrotic syndrome, hypertensive renal sclerosis, end-stage renal disease, etc.), muscular dys
- the compound of the present invention has a total cholesterol lowering effect and increases the plasma anti-atherosclerosis index [(HD L cholesterol Z total cholesterol) X 100], so that atherosclerosis (eg, atherosclerosis, etc.) It can also be used as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent.
- the compound of the present invention can also be used for improving symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and upper abdominal discomfort associated with peptic ulcer, acute or chronic gastritis, biliary dyskinesia, cholecystitis and the like. .
- the compound of the present invention has an inhibitory effect on TNF- ⁇ (an effect of reducing the amount of TNF- ⁇ produced in living tissues and an effect of reducing the activity of TNF-Q!), And prevents and treats inflammatory diseases involving TNF- ⁇ . Also used as medicine.
- Such inflammatory diseases include, for example, diabetic complications (eg, retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, macrovascular disorders, etc.), rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoarthritis, back pain, gout And inflammation after operation and trauma, remission of swelling, neuralgia, pharyngolaryngitis, cystitis, hepatitis, pneumonia, gastric mucosal damage (including gastric mucosal damage caused by aspirin).
- diabetic complications eg, retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, macrovascular disorders, etc.
- rheumatoid arthritis eg., rheumatoid arthritis
- osteoarthritis e.g., osteoarthritis, osteoarthritis
- back pain gout And inflammation after operation and trauma, remission of swelling, neuralgia, pharyngolaryngitis, cystitis, hepatitis, pneumonia, gastric mucosal damage
- the compound of the present invention has an inhibitory effect on apoptosis and is also used as a prophylactic / therapeutic agent for diseases related to promotion of apoptosis.
- diseases associated with promotion of apoptosis include, for example, viral diseases (eg, AIDS, fulminant hepatitis, etc.), neurodegenerative diseases (eg, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Retinitis pigmentosa, cerebellar degeneration, etc.), myelodysplastic disease (eg, aplastic anemia, etc.), ischemic disease (eg, myocardial infarction, stroke, etc.), liver disease (eg, alcoholic hepatitis, hepatitis III) , Hepatitis C, etc.), joint diseases (eg, osteoarthritis, etc.), atherosclerosis and the like.
- viral diseases eg, AIDS, fulminant hepatitis, etc.
- the compound of the present invention reduces visceral fat, suppresses visceral fat accumulation, improves glucose metabolism, improves lipid metabolism, improves insulin resistance, suppresses oxidized LDL production, improves lipoprotein metabolism, improves coronary artery metabolism, and improves cardiovascular complications. It is also used for prevention and treatment, prevention and treatment of heart failure complications, reduction of blood remnant, prevention and treatment of anovulation, prevention of hirsutism, treatment and prevention of hyperandrogenemia.
- the compound of the present invention may be used in various diseases described above (eg, cardiovascular It is also used for secondary prevention and progress control.
- the dose of the compound of the present invention varies depending on the administration subject, administration route, target disease, symptoms, and the like.For example, when orally administered to an adult diabetic patient, the dose is usually about 0.005 to 5 Omg / kg as a single dose.
- the body weight is preferably 0.01 to 1 OmgZkg body weight, more preferably 0.1 to 2 mgZkg body weight, and it is desirable to administer this amount once to three times a day.
- the compound of the present invention is a therapeutic agent for diabetes, a therapeutic agent for diabetic complications, a therapeutic agent for hyperlipidemia, an antihypertensive agent, an antiobesity agent, a diuretic agent, a chemotherapeutic agent, an immunotherapeutic agent, an antithrombotic agent, and an improvement in cachexia. It can be used in combination with drugs such as drugs (hereinafter abbreviated as concomitant drugs). At this time, the timing of administration of the compound of the present invention and the concomitant drug is not limited, and they may be administered to the subject at the same time or at an interval.
- the concomitant drug may be a low molecular compound, a high molecular protein, a polypeptide, an antibody, or a vaccine.
- the dose of the concomitant drug can be appropriately selected based on the clinically used dose.
- the compounding ratio of the compound of the present invention and the concomitant drug can be appropriately selected depending on the administration subject, administration route, target disease, symptom, combination, and the like. For example, when the administration target is a human, the concomitant drug may be used in an amount of 0.01 to 100 parts by weight per 1 part by weight of the compound of the present invention.
- the antidiabetic agents include insulin preparations (eg, animal insulin preparations extracted from the stomach of the stomach and bush; human insulin preparations genetically engineered using Escherichia coli and yeast; insulin zinc; protamine) Insulin zinc; insulin fragment or derivative (eg, INS-1 etc.), insulin resistance improver [eg, pioglitazone hydrochloride, troglitazone, oral ciglitazone or its maleate, GI-262570, JTT-501 , MCC-555, YM-440, KRP-297, CS-011, FK-614, WO 99/58510 (for example, (E) -4- [4_ (5-methyl-2-phenyl-4) _Oxazolylmethoxy) benzyloxyimi No.] 4-N-phenylbutyric acid), NN—622, AZ_242, BMS—298 585, ⁇ N ⁇ 5816, LM—4156, BM—13—1258, MB X—102,
- Therapeutic agents for diabetic complications include aldose reductase inhibitors (eg, tolrestat, epalrestat, zenarestat, zopolrestat, minalrestat, fidarestat (SNK-860), CT-1112, etc.), and neurotrophic factors (eg, NGF, NT-3, BDNF, etc.), neurotrophic factor production ⁇ secretion enhancer [eg, neurotrophin production ⁇ secretion enhancer described in WO01 / 14372 (for example, 4_ (4-monoclonal phenyl) 1-2] (2-methyl-1-midazolyl) -5- [3- (2-methylphenoxy) propyl] oxazole, etc.), PKC inhibitors (eg, LY-333531, etc.), AGE inhibitors (eg, ALT 946, Pimagedine, pyratoxatin, N-phenacylthiazolium bromide (ALT 766), £ 0-226, etc., reactive oxygen sca
- HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors eg, pravastatin, simvastatin, lovastatin, atorvastatin, fluvastatin, ripantile, cerivastatin, itapastatin, ZD—4522
- salts thereof eg, sodium salt, etc.
- fibrate-based compounds eg, bezafibrate, beclobrate, binifibrate, ciprofibrate, clinofibrate, clofibrate, clofibric acid, etofibrate, huetibrate
- squalene synthase inhibitors eg, compounds described in WO97 / 102224, for example, N— [[(3R, 5S)-1- (3
- Antihypertensive agents include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (eg, captopril, enalapril, delapril, etc.), angiotensin II antagonists (eg, candesaltan cilexetil, oral sultan, eprosartan, valsantan, telmisartan, ilbesartan, evening sosartan) Etc.), calcium antagonists (eg, manidipine, difludipine, dicardipine, amlodipine, efonidipine, etc.), potassium channel openers (eg, levromakalim, L-27152, AL-0671, NIP-121, etc.), clonidine etc. No.
- angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors eg, captopril, enalapril, delapril, etc.
- angiotensin II antagonists eg, candesaltan cilexetil, oral sultan
- anti-obesity agents include central anti-obesity agents (eg, dexfenfluramine, fenfluramine, phentermine, sibutramine, ampuepramone, dexamphetamine, mazindol, phenylpropanolylamine, clovenzolex, etc.), and Teng lipase inhibition Drugs (eg, orlistat, etc.), ⁇ 3agoni (E.g., CL-316243, SR-58611A, UL-TG-307, SB-226552, AJ-9677 BMS 196085, AZ-40140, etc.), peptide appetite suppressants (e.g., CNTF (ciliary body) Neurotrophic factor), etc.), cholecystokinin agonist (eg, lynch tribute, FPL-15849, etc.).
- central anti-obesity agents eg, dexfenfluramine, fenfluramine, phentermine, sibutramine
- diuretics examples include xanthine derivatives (eg, sodium theobromine salicylate, calcium theopromine salicylate, etc.), thiazide-based preparations (eg, ethiazide, cyclopentiazide, trichlormethiazide, hydrochlorothiazide, hydroflumethiazide, ventilhydrochloride) Oral thiazide, penflutide, polythiazide, methiclothiazide, etc., anti-aldosterone preparations (eg, spironolactone, triamterene, etc.), carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (eg, acetazolamide, etc.), chlorobenzenesulfonamide preparations (eg, chlorthalidone, mefluside) , Indapamide, etc.), azosemide, isosolilevide, ethacrynic acid, pyrethroid, bumetanide,
- Chemotherapeutic agents include, for example, alkylating agents (eg, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, etc.), antimetabolites (eg, methotrexet, 5-fluoroperacil or derivatives thereof), anticancer antibiotics (eg, Mitomycin, adriamycin, etc.), plant-derived anticancer agents (eg, vincristine, vindesine, taxol, etc.), cisplatin, carpoplatin, etopoxide and the like.
- alkylating agents eg, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, etc.
- antimetabolites eg, methotrexet, 5-fluoroperacil or derivatives thereof
- anticancer antibiotics eg, Mitomycin, adriamycin, etc.
- plant-derived anticancer agents eg, vincristine, vindesine, taxol, etc.
- cisplatin carpoplatin, etop
- immunotherapeutic agents include microorganisms or bacterial components (eg, muramyl dipeptide derivatives, picibanil, etc.), polysaccharides having immunopotentiating activity (eg, lentinan, schizophyllan, krestin, etc.), genetic engineering techniques (Eg, interferon, interleukin (IL), etc.), colony stimulating factor (eg, granulocyte colony stimulating factor, erythropoietin, etc.), among which IL-1 and IL— 2, Interleukins such as IL-12 are preferred.
- microorganisms or bacterial components eg, muramyl dipeptide derivatives, picibanil, etc.
- polysaccharides having immunopotentiating activity eg, lentinan, schizophyllan, krestin, etc.
- genetic engineering techniques Eg, interferon, interleukin (IL), etc.
- colony stimulating factor eg, granulocyte colony stimulating factor,
- antithrombotic agents examples include heparin (eg, heparin sodium, heparin Calcium, dalteparin sodium (dalteparin sodium), etc., perfuline (eg, perfuline potassium, etc.), antithrombin drugs (eg, argatroban (aragatroban), etc.), thrombolytic drugs (eg, peroki ⁇ " urokinase), tisokinase, aliletephrase (alteplasej, nateplase iateplase), monteph, monteplase, zomiteprase (pamiteplase), etc., platelet aggregation inhibitors (eg, ticlovidine hydrochloride (U cl op idi ne hydr och 10 ri de;), cilostazol, ethyl icosapentate, beraprost sodium (beraprost sodium), sarpogre
- agents for improving cachexia include cyclooxygenase inhibitors (eg, indomethacin, etc.) [Cancer's Research (Cancer Research), Vol. 49, pp. 5935-5939, 1989], progesterone derivatives ( Examples: Megestrol acetate) [Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol. 12, pp. 213-225, 1994], carbohydrate steroids (eg, dexamethasone, etc.), metoclobramide drugs, Tetrahydrocannapineol-based drugs (all references are as described above), fat metabolism improving agents (eg, eicosapentaenoic acid, etc.) [British Journal of Cancer, No. 68 314-318, 19993], growth hormone, IGF-1 or TNF-, LIF, IL-6, which are factors that induce cachexia. Such as an antibody to statin M, and the like.
- cyclooxygenase inhibitors eg, indomethacin, etc.
- concomitant drugs include nerve regeneration promoters (eg, Y-128, VX-855, prosaptide, etc.), antidepressants (eg, desipramine, amitriptyline, imipramine, etc.), antiepileptic drugs (eg, lamotrigine, etc.) , Antiarrhythmic drugs (eg, mexiletine, etc.), acetylcholine receptor ligands (eg, ABT-59, etc.), endoselin receptor antagonists (eg, ABT-627, etc.), monoamine uptake inhibitors (eg, tramadol, etc.) , Narcotic analgesics (eg, morphine, etc.), GABA receptor agonists (eg, gearbapentin, etc.), ⁇ 2 receptor agonists (eg, clonidine, etc.), local analgesics (eg, capsaicin, etc.), protein Kinase C inhibitors (eg, LY-3335
- the concomitant drug is preferably an insulin preparation, an insulin sensitizer, an ⁇ -darcosidase inhibitor, a biguanide, an insulin secretagogue (preferably a sulfonyliderea) and the like.
- Two or more of the above concomitant drugs may be used in combination at an appropriate ratio.
- Preferred combinations when two or more concomitant drugs are used include, for example, the following.
- the amount of each drug should be within a safe range considering the adverse effects of those drugs. Can be reduced.
- the dose of the insulin sensitizer, insulin secretagogue and biguanide can be reduced from the usual dose. Therefore, the adverse effects that would be caused by these agents can be safely prevented.
- the dosage of diabetic complications, hyperlipidemia, and antihypertensives can be reduced, thereby effectively preventing the adverse effects that would be caused by these agents.
- Compound (I) [including compounds (1-1), (1-2) and (1-3)] can be produced by a method known per se, for example, Method II to Method C shown below, or a method analogous thereto. be able to.
- the starting compound may be used as a salt.
- a salt those exemplified as the salt of the compound (I) are used.
- Examples of the leaving group represented by X include a nitrogen atom, —OSO 11 (R 11 represents a hydrocarbon group optionally substituted with a halogen atom), and the like.
- examples of the halogen atom include chlorine, bromine, and iodine. It is.
- halogen atom optionally substituted hydrocarbon group represented by R 11 as "hydrocarbon group", for example, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms And an aralkyl group having 7 to 14 carbon atoms which may be substituted by an alkyl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms and an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms "aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may be substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms” and "alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms”
- the alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the ⁇ aralkyl group having 7 to 14 carbon atoms which may be substituted with '' includes methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isoptyl, sec.-butyl, t And -butyl, with methyl being preferred.
- aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms examples include phenyl and naphthyl. Phenyl is preferred.
- Examples of the aralkyl group having 7 to 14 carbon atoms in the ⁇ aralkyl group having 7 to 14 carbon atoms which may be substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms '' include benzyl, phenethyl, and naphthylmethyl. Among them, benzyl is preferred.
- the above “hydrocarbon group” may have 1 to 10 halogen atoms (eg, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.) at substitutable positions.
- the “hydrocarbon group optionally substituted by a halogen atom” represented by R 11 is preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may be substituted by 1 to 9 halogen atoms (preferably fluorine). It is an alkyl group, and among them, trifluoromethyl, pentafluoroethyl, hepfluorofluoropropyl, nonafluorobutyl and the like are preferable.
- compound (I) is produced by reacting compound (II) with compound (III).
- This reaction is carried out by a method known per se or a method analogous thereto.
- the reaction is carried out by reacting compound (II) with an organolithium compound (eg, n-butyllithium). Metal, t-butyllithium, diisobutyllithium amide, etc.) and then reacting with a metal halide (eg, zinc chloride, magnesium bromide, triptytin chloride, etc.) or trialkoxyboron (eg, trimethoxyporan, Triisopropoxypolane) and then react with compound (III) in the presence of a transition metal catalyst (eg, tetrakistriphenylphosphine palladium (0), tetrakistriphenylphosphine nickel (0), etc.) It is done by letting them do it.
- a transition metal catalyst eg, tetrakistriphenylphosphine palladium (0), tetrakistriphen
- This reaction is performed in a solvent that does not affect the reaction.
- the amount of the organolithium compound to be used is generally 0.5 to 3 mol equivalents relative to compound (II).
- the amount of the metal octogenide and trialkoxyboron to be used is generally 0.5 to 3 molar equivalents relative to compound (II).
- the amount of the transition metal catalyst to be used is generally 0.01 to 2 molar equivalents, relative to compound (II).
- the amount of compound (III) to be used is generally 0.5 to 3 molar equivalents relative to compound (II).
- Solvents that do not affect the reaction include, for example, aromatic hydrides such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, and getyl ether. No. These solvents may be used in a mixture at an appropriate ratio.
- the reaction time is usually 1 to 24 hours.
- the reaction temperature is usually from 178 ° C to 200 ° C.
- the compound (I) thus obtained can be isolated and purified by a known separation and purification means, for example, concentration, concentration under reduced pressure, solvent extraction, crystallization recrystallization, phase transfer, chromatography and the like.
- a known separation and purification means for example, concentration, concentration under reduced pressure, solvent extraction, crystallization recrystallization, phase transfer, chromatography and the like.
- the compound (lb) in which R 3 is —0H can also be produced, for example, by the following Method B ⁇ .
- R 4a represents a hydrocarbon group which may be substituted, and other symbols have the same meanings as described above.
- compound (la) is produced by subjecting compound (la) to a hydrolysis reaction.
- This reaction is performed in a water-containing solvent in the presence of an acid or a base according to a conventional method.
- the acid include inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and hydrobromic acid; and organic acids such as acetic acid.
- Examples of the base include alkali metal carbonates such as potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate; alkali metal alkoxides such as sodium methoxide: alkali metal hydroxides such as potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and lithium hydroxide.
- the amount of the acid or base to be used is usually an excess amount relative to compound (la).
- the amount of the acid used is preferably about 2 to about 50 equivalents to the compound (la), and the amount of the base used is preferably about 1.2 to about 10 equivalents to the compound (la).
- the water-containing solvent include one or more solvents selected from alcohols such as methanol and ethanol; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, and dimethyl ether; sulfoxides such as dimethyl sulfoxide; and ketones such as acetone. Examples thereof include a mixed solvent with water at an appropriate ratio.
- the reaction temperature is generally about 120 to about 150 ° C, preferably about 110 to about 100 ° C.
- the reaction time is usually about 0.1 to about 20 hours.
- the compound (lb) thus obtained can be isolated and purified by known separation and purification means, for example, concentration, concentration under reduced pressure, solvent extraction, crystallization recrystallization, phase transfer, chromatography and the like.
- the compound (la) used as a starting compound in the above method B can be produced, for example, by the above method A.
- the compound (Ic) in which R 3 is —NR3 ⁇ 4 6 (R 5 and R 6 have the same meanings as described above) can also be produced, for example, by the following Method C.
- compound (Ic) is produced by subjecting compound (lb) to an amidation reaction.
- This reaction is carried out by a method known per se, for example, i) a method of directly condensing compound (lb) and compound (IV) using a condensing agent, ii) a reactive derivative of compound (lb) and compound (IV) And the like.
- the amount of compound (IV) to be used is generally 0.1 to 10 molar equivalents, preferably 0.3 to 3 molar equivalents, relative to compound (lb).
- condensing agent examples include dicyclohexylcarboimide (DCC), 1-ethyl-3_ (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carboimide hydrochloride (WSC), and the like. Of these, DCC is preferred.
- DCC dicyclohexylcarboimide
- WSC 1-ethyl-3_ (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carboimide hydrochloride
- the amount of the condensing agent to be used is generally 0.1 to 10 molar equivalents, preferably 0.3 to 3 molar equivalents, relative to compound (lb).
- Solvents that do not affect the reaction include, for example, nitriles such as acetonitrile; amides such as ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ -dimethylformamide; halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane and mouth-form; tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, Ethers such as getyl ether; These solvents may be mixed and used at an appropriate ratio.
- the reaction temperature is usually from ⁇ 30 ° C. to 100 ° C.
- the reaction time is usually 0.5 to 20 hours.
- This reaction may be carried out, if necessary, in the presence of 1 to 1.5 equivalents of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (H0BT) or a catalytic amount to 5 equivalents of a base.
- H0BT 1-hydroxybenzotriazole
- the base for example,
- Alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydrides eg, lithium hydride, sodium hydride, potassium hydride, calcium hydride, etc.
- alkali metal or alkaline earth metal amides eg, lithium amide, Sodium amide, lithium diisopropylamide
- Strong bases such as razide, potassium hexamethyldisilazide, etc.), lower alkoxides of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals (eg, sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, potassium tert-butoxide);
- alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxides eg, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, etc.
- alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates eg, Inorganic salts such as sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate, etc.
- alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydrogen carbonates eg, sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, etc.
- Examples of the “reactive derivative” of the compound (lb) include acid octylide (eg, acid chloride, acid bromide, etc.), mixed acid anhydride (eg, C 6 alkyl-carboxylic acid, C 6 —
- 10- aryl-carboxylic acid or acid anhydride with C ⁇ 6 alkyl carbonate eg, methyl carbonate, ethyl carbonate, isobutyl carbonate, etc.
- active ester eg, phenol which may have a substituent
- 1-hydroxybenzotriazole or an ester with N-hydroxysuccinimide imidazolide and the like.
- substituent in the “phenol which may have a substituent”, for example, a halogen atom (eg, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.), nitro, halogenated C i— 6 alkyl, optionally halogenated C, — 6 alkoxy.
- a halogen atom eg, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.
- nitro halogenated C i— 6 alkyl
- optionally halogenated C, — 6 alkoxy optionally halogenated C, — 6 alkoxy.
- the number of substituents is, for example, 1 to 5.
- phenol that may have a substituent
- the reactive derivative is preferably an acid halide.
- Solvents that do not affect the reaction include, for example, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; nitriles such as acetonitrile; amides such as N, N-dimethylformamide; dichloromethane; Halogenated hydrocarbons such as, for example; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxane and getyl ether; sulfoxides such as dimethylsulfoxide; ketones such as acetate; and water. These solvents may be used in a mixture at an appropriate ratio.
- the amount of compound (IV) to be used is generally 0.1 to 10 molar equivalents, preferably 0.3 to 3 molar equivalents, relative to the reactive derivative of compound (lb).
- the reaction temperature is usually from ⁇ 30 ° C. to: L 00.
- the reaction time is usually 0.5 to 20 hours.
- This reaction may be performed in the presence of a base, if necessary.
- a base those similar to the above can be used.
- the amount of the base to be used is, for example, 0.1 to 10 molar equivalents, preferably 0.3 to 3 molar equivalents, relative to the reactive derivative of the compound (lb).
- a method is preferred in which the compound (lb) and the acid halide are reacted in the presence of a base in a solvent that does not affect the reaction, and further reacted with the compound (IV).
- Preferred bases are amines such as triethylamine, N-methylmorpholine, and ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ -dimethylaniline; alkali metal carbonates such as sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate; alkali metal bicarbonates such as sodium hydrogencarbonate. Good.
- Solvents that do not affect the reaction include aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, and dimethyl ether; amides such as ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylformamide; and ethyl acetate. Esters such as toluene, and water are preferred. These solvents may be used in a mixture at an appropriate ratio.
- a compound (lb) is reacted with a carbonic acid carbonate (eg, methyl methyl carbonate, ethyl ethyl carbonate, isobutyl carbonic acid carbonate, etc.) in the presence of a base, and then the compound The method of reacting with (IV) is preferred.
- a carbonic acid carbonate eg, methyl methyl carbonate, ethyl ethyl carbonate, isobutyl carbonic acid carbonate, etc.
- amines such as triethylamine, N-methylmorpholine and N, N-dimethylaniline are preferable.
- the compound (Ic) thus obtained can be isolated and purified by known separation and purification means, for example, concentration, concentration under reduced pressure, solvent extraction, crystallization recrystallization, phase transfer, chromatography and the like.
- the compound (lb) used as a starting compound in Method C above is, for example, It is manufactured by Method A or Method B.
- Compound (IV) can be produced according to a method known per se.
- ⁇ Compound (II) used as a starting compound in the above-mentioned Method A can be produced, for example, by the following Method D.
- compound (II) is produced by reacting compound (V) with compound (VI).
- Compound (V) and compound (VI) used as starting compounds can be produced according to a method known per se.
- a protecting group generally used in peptide chemistry or the like is introduced into these groups.
- the target compound can be obtained by removing the protecting group as needed after the reaction.
- Examples of the protecting group for an amino group include formyl and alkyl
- C bets 6 alkoxy one carbonyl e.g., methoxy Cal Poni Le, ethoxy Cal Poni Le, tert - butoxide deer Lupo sulfonyl, etc.
- Benzoiru C 7 - 1 (3 Ararukiru Ichiriki Ruponiru (eg, Benjirukarupo sulfonyl etc. ), C 7 - 1 4 Ararukiruokishi Ichiriki Ruponiru (eg, Benjiruokishika Ruponiru, 9 one full O etc.
- trityl lid port I le, N, N-dimethylaminomethylene, silyl (e.g., trimethylsilyl, Toryechirushiriru, dimethyl phenylalanine silyl, tert- heptyl dimethyl silyl, tert one Petit Rougier chill silyl, etc.), C 2 _ 6 alkenyl (e.g., 1-Ariru) and the like. These groups may be substituted with one to three halogen atoms (eg, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.), alkoxy (eg, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, etc.) or nitro.
- silyl e.g., trimethylsilyl, Toryechirushiriru, dimethyl phenylalanine silyl, tert- heptyl dimethyl silyl, tert one Petit Rougier chill silyl, etc.
- Rupokishiru group for example, ( ⁇ _ 6 alkyl (e.g., methyl, Echiru, propyl, isopropyl, heptyl, such as tert one-butyl), C 7 _ aralkyl (e.g., benzyl, etc.), phenyl, trityl, silyl (e.g., trimethylsilyl, Bok Riechirushiriru, dimethyl phenylalanine silyl, tert- heptyl dimethylsilyl, tert _ Petit Rougier chill silyl, etc.), C 2 -.
- ⁇ _ 6 alkyl e.g., methyl, Echiru, propyl, isopropyl, heptyl, such as tert one-butyl
- C 7 _ aralkyl e.g., benzyl, etc.
- phenyl, trityl sily
- alkenyl e.g., such as one Ariru
- the groups may be substituted with one to three halogen atoms (eg, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.), alkoxy (eg, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, etc.) or nitro.
- a hydroxyl group e.g., ( ⁇ _ 6 alkyl (e.g., methyl, Echiru, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert one butyl, etc.), phenyl, preparative rutile, C 7 _ 1C) Ararukiru (eg, such as Benjinore) , formyl, - 6 alkyl Rukaruponiru (eg, Asechiru, propionyl, etc.), Benzoiru, C 7 _ 10 Ararukiru Ichiriki Ruponiru (e.g., benzyl Cal Poni Le), 2-Tetorahido Robiraniru, 2-tetrahydrofuranyl, silyl (e.g., trimethylsilyl , Toryechirushiriru, methyl Hue El silyl, tert- heptyl dimethyl silyl, tert one Petit Roug
- 6 alkenyl eg, 1 one Ariru
- These groups may be substituted by 1 to 3 halogen atom (e.g., fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine), (: Bok 6 alkyl (e.g., methyl, Echiru, propyl, etc.), C ⁇ - 6 alkoxy (e.g., Methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, etc.) or nitro.
- halogen atom e.g., fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine
- Bok 6 alkyl e.g., methyl, Echiru, propyl, etc.
- C ⁇ - 6 alkoxy e.g., Methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, etc.
- Examples of the protecting group for the carbonyl group include cyclic acetal (eg, 1,3-dioxane) and acyclic acyl (eg, di-- 6- alkyl acetal).
- cyclic acetal eg, 1,3-dioxane
- acyclic acyl eg, di-- 6- alkyl acetal
- Can be Methods for removing these protecting groups are known per se, for example, in Protective Groups in Organic Synthes is, published by John Wiley and Sons (1980). It may be performed according to the method described.
- compound (I) contains optical isomers, stereoisomers, positional isomers, and rotamers, these are also contained as compound (I) and are synthesized by known synthesis methods and separation methods. Each can be obtained as a single item. For example, when the compound (I) has an optical isomer, the optical isomer resolved from the compound is also included in the compound (I).
- the optical isomer can be produced by a method known per se. Specifically, an optical isomer is obtained by using an optically active synthetic intermediate or by optically resolving the racemic final product according to a conventional method.
- optical resolution method a method known per se, for example, a fractional recrystallization method, a chiral column method, a diastereomer method, or the like is used.
- Racemic and optically active compounds eg, (+)-mandelic acid, (-) monomandelic acid, (+)-tartaric acid, (-1) monotartaric acid, (+) _ 1-phenethylamine, (-) one 1-phenethylamine, cinchonine, (-)-cinchonidine, brucine, etc.
- a salt which is separated by fractional recrystallization and, if desired, a neutralization step to obtain a free optical isomer .
- a method in which a racemate or a salt thereof is applied to an optical isomer separation column (chiral column) and separated For example, in the case of liquid chromatography, E NANT IO—O VM (manufactured by Toso) or Daicel CHIRAL series, etc. Add a mixture of optical isomers to a chiral column of water and add water, various buffers (eg, phosphate buffer), organic solvents (eg, ethanol, methanol, isopropanol, acetonitrile, trifluoroacetic acid, getylamine, etc.). The optical isomers are separated by developing as a single or mixed solution. In the case of gas chromatography, for example, separation is performed using a chiral column such as CP-Chirasi 1-D e XCB (manufactured by GE Science).
- a chiral column such as CP-Chirasi 1-D e XCB (manufactured by GE Science).
- a racemic mixture is formed into a mixture of diastereomers by a chemical reaction with an optically active reagent, which is converted into a single substance through ordinary separation means (eg, fractional recrystallization, chromatographic method, etc.), and then subjected to hydrolysis.
- a method of obtaining an optical isomer by separating an optically active reagent site by a chemical treatment such as a reaction.
- compound (I) when compound (I) has hydroxy or primary or secondary amino in the molecule, the compound and an optically active organic acid (for example, MTPA [ ⁇ -methoxy- ⁇ - (trifluoromethyl) phenylacetic acid]), (1) —menthoxyacetic acid or the like) to give a diastereomer of an ester form or an amide form, respectively.
- an optically active organic acid for example, MTPA [ ⁇ -methoxy- ⁇ - (trifluoromethyl) phenylacetic acid]
- (1) —menthoxyacetic acid or the like
- the compound (I) when the compound (I) has a carboxylic acid group, the compound is subjected to a condensation reaction with an optically active amine or an alcohol reagent to obtain an amide or ester diastereomer, respectively.
- the separated diastereomer is converted to an optical isomer of the original compound by subjecting it to acid hydrolysis or basic hydrolysis reaction.
- the invention further provides:
- a prophylactic / therapeutic agent for diabetes comprising a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor non-binding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor transcriptional activity promoter;
- a preventive / therapeutic agent for hyperlipidemia comprising a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor non-binding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor transcriptional activity promoter;
- a lipid metabolism improving agent comprising a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor non-binding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor transcriptional activity promoter
- Peroxisome proliferators that do not bind to peroxisome proliferator-responsive receptors
- An agent for preventing and treating obesity which comprises a drug-responsive receptor transcriptional activity promoter;
- an insulin sensitivity enhancer comprising a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor non-binding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor transcriptional activity promoter
- a preventive / therapeutic agent for impaired glucose tolerance comprising a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor non-binding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor transcriptional activity promoter.
- peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor non-binding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor transcriptional activity promoter is defined as “peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-bound The substance is not particularly limited as long as it is a substance that promotes the agent-responsive receptor transcription activity. Examples of such a substance include the compounds of the present invention described above.
- the “peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor non-binding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor transcriptional activity promoter” is represented by the formula:
- R a 1 aromatic be is substituted respectively Sumyi ⁇ containing group or aromatic heterocyclic group; the a R a 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group; X a is 0, S or formula - NR a 4 - (R a 4 represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group) based on represented by; a a is each substituted aromatic be carbonized hydrogen group or an aromatic heterocyclic group; R a 3 is the formula one oR a 5 (indicating the R a 5 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group) or - NR a 6 R a 7 ( R a 6, R a 7 are the same or different and each represents a Eimoto atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group, R a 6, R a 7 are adjacent nitrogen atom co Which may form a ring).] It is preferable that the compound is not a 1,3-azole derivative represented by the following formula:
- Diabetes prevention / treatment agent of the present invention prevention of hyperlipidemia / treatment agent, lipid metabolism improving agent, prevention of obesity / therapeutic agent, insulin sensitivity enhancer, insulin resistance improving agent and prevention of glucose intolerance ⁇
- Therapeutic agent (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as the agent of the present invention) is prepared by using “a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor non-binding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor transcriptional activity promoter”. It can be manufactured in the same manner as the above-mentioned pharmaceutical composition.
- the agent of the present invention has low toxicity and can be used safely in mammals (eg, human, mouse, rat, rabbit, dog, cat, rabbit, pig, pig, monkey, etc.). it can.
- the dosage of the agent of the present invention is the same as that of the above-mentioned compound of the present invention.
- the agent of the present invention can be used in combination with the above-mentioned concomitant drug in the same manner as the compound of the present invention.
- the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Test Examples, Reference Examples, Examples, and Formulation Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the room temperature indicates a temperature of 1 to 30 ° C.
- sequence numbers in the sequence listing in the present specification indicate the following sequences.
- Example 7 shows the nucleotide sequence of primer TK-L used in Reference Example 4.
- the test compound was mixed with powder feed (CE-2, CLEA Japan) at a rate of 0.01%, and the KKA y mice (9-12), a model of obesity and non-insulin-dependent diabetes (type II diabetes), were mixed. (5 animals / group, 5 animals per group). During this time, water was given freely. Blood was collected from the orbital venous plexus, and the glucose and triglyceride in the plasma separated from the blood were analyzed using L-type coco G1u2 (Wako Pure Chemical) and L-type coco TG ⁇ H (Wako Pure Chemical), respectively. And quantified by the enzymatic method. The results are shown in [Table 1].
- blood glucose lowering effect (%) is the rate of decrease in blood glucose level of the test compound administration group when the blood glucose level of the test compound non-administration group is 100%.
- the “blood lipid lowering effect (%)” is the decrease rate of blood triglyceride level in the test compound administration group when the test compound non-administration group is 100% blood tridaliseride level (). Represents
- the compound of the present invention has an excellent blood glucose lowering effect and blood lipid lowering effect, and is useful as a preventive or therapeutic agent for diabetes, hyperlipidemia (particularly, hypertriglyceridemia), glucose intolerance, and the like. You can see that there is.
- Ham P12 medium containing P PART: RXRa: 4 ERPP / CHO-K1 cells obtained in Reference Example 5 described below containing 10% fetal serum [Life Technologies, Inc., USA] (Nissui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), and inoculated into a 96-well white plate [Corning Coster Corporation, USA] at 2X10 4 cellsZwell at 37 ° C. The cells were cultured in a carbon dioxide incubator.
- ham F12 medium containing 901 0.1% fatty acid-free serum albumin (BSA) and 10 xl of the test compound.
- BSA fatty acid-free serum albumin
- the cells were cultured in a carbon dioxide gas incubator at 37 ° C for 48 hours. After removing the medium, add 40 l of Pitka Gene 7.5 (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries), and after stirring, Lumistar (BMG Labtechnologies GmbH) Luciferase activity was measured using the kit.
- the induction ratio was calculated from the luciferase activity of each test compound, assuming that the luciferase activity of the test compound non-administration group was 1.
- the value (concentration of the compound showing 50% of the maximum value of the induction factor) was calculated. The results are shown in [Table 2].
- Cloning of the human P PAR r gene was based on cardiac cDNA (manufactured by Toyobo, trade name: QUICK-Clonec DNA), and was reported by Greene et al.
- PAG-L 5'-GGG GTC GAC CAG GAC TCT CTG CTA GTA CAA GTC-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 2)
- PCR reaction was performed by the Hot Start method using A Immediate Wax PCR Gem 100 (Takara Shuzo).
- a lower layer mixture was prepared by mixing 1 Q XLA PCR Buffer 2 (i 2.5 mM d NTP solution 31, 12.5 M primer solution 2.5 n 1 each, and sterile distilled water 10 l).
- c) Mix DNA (1 ng / ml) with 11, 10 XLA PCR Buffer 3 K 2.5 mM (1? solution 11, TaKaRa LA Taq DNA polymerase (Takara Shuzo) 0.5) 24.5 l of sterile distilled water To form an upper layer mixture.
- XRA-L 5'-CCC CTC GAG CTA AGT CAT TTG GTG CGG CGC CTC-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 4)
- the PCR was carried out using ' The PCR reaction was performed by the Hot Start method using AmpliWax PCR Gem100 (manufactured by Takara Shuzo).
- 10XLA PGR Buffer 2 2.5 mM d NTP solution 3 12.5 2.51 each of the primer solutions and 10 1 of sterile distilled water were mixed to form a lower layer mixed solution.
- human kidney cDNA (1 ng / ml) was used as type II
- One Ampli Wax PCR Gem100 (Takara Shuzo) was added to the lower mixture, and the mixture was treated at 70 ° C for 5 minutes and on ice for 5 minutes.
- the upper mixture was added to prepare a PCR reaction solution.
- the tube containing the reaction solution was set in a thermal cycler (Perkin Elmer, USA) and treated at 95 ° C for 2 minutes. Furthermore, a cycle of 95 ° C for 15 seconds and 68 ° C for 2 minutes was repeated 35 times, followed by treatment at 72 ° C for 8 minutes.
- the plasmid pTBT-hPPARa obtained in Reference Example 1 was digested with SalI, and then blunt-ended by treatment with T4 DNA polymerase (manufactured by Takara Shuzo). Then, a DNA fragment containing a 1.4 kb human PPARa gene was obtained by digestion with Kpnl.
- the plasmid pVgRXR2-hPPARr was constructed by ligating both DNA fragments.
- Reference Example 4 Preparation of reporter plasmid
- a DNA fragment containing the PPAR-responsive element (PPRE) of acetyl-CoA oxidase was prepared using the following 5′-terminal phosphorylated synthetic DNA.
- PPRE-U 5'-pTCGACAGGGGACCAGGACAAAGGTCACGTTCGGGAG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 5)
- PPRE-L 5'-pTCGACTCCCGAACGTGACCTTTGTCCTGGTCCCCTG-3' (SEQ ID NO: 6) It was inserted into the SK + Sail site. By determining the nucleotide sequence of the inserted fragment, a plasmid pBSS-PPRE4 in which four PPREs were linked in tandem was selected.
- Thymidine kinase minimum promoter (TK promoter) region was carried out using p RL——K vector [Promega, USA] as type II Luckow, B. et al. [Nucleic Acids Res., 1987, 15 (13), 5490].
- Promoter for the thymidine kinase gene was carried out using p RL——K vector [Promega, USA] as type II Luckow, B. et al. [Nucleic Acids Res., 1987, 15 (13), 5490].
- Promoter for the thymidine kinase gene Primer set created with reference to the base sequence of one region
- TK-U 5'-CCCAGATCTCCCCAGCGTCTTGTCATTG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 7)
- TK-L 5'-TCACCATGGTCAAGCTTTTAAGCGGGTC-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 8)
- the PCR reaction was performed by the Hot Start method using A-liWax PCR Gem 100 (Takara Shuzo).
- 10 XLA PCR Buffer 21, 2.5 mM dNTP solution 31, 12.5 M primer solution 2.5 n 1 each, and sterile distilled water 101 were mixed to form a lower layer mixture.
- p RL -TK vector Promega, USA
- a polymerase (Takara Shuzo) 0.5 and 24.5 ⁇ 1 sterile distilled water were mixed to form an upper layer mixed solution.
- One Ampli Wax PCR Gem 100 (Takara Shuzo) was added to the lower mixture, and the mixture was treated at 70 for 5 minutes and on ice for 5 minutes.
- a reaction solution was prepared.
- the tube containing the reaction solution was set in a thermal cycler (manufactured by Pakinkin Elma, USA) and treated at 95 ° C for 2 minutes. Further, a cycle of 95 ° C. for 15 seconds and 68 ⁇ : for 2 minutes was repeated 35 times, followed by treatment at 72 for 8 minutes.
- the obtained PCR product was subjected to agarose gel (1%) electrophoresis, 140 DNA fragments containing the TK promoter were recovered from the gel, and inserted into pT7 Blue-T vector (manufactured by Takara Shu).
- the fragment containing the TK promoter obtained by digesting this plasmid with the restriction enzymes Bglll and Ncol was ligated to the BgIII_NcoI fragment of the plasmid pGL3-Basic vector [Promega, USA] to obtain the plasmid pGL3— TK was prepared.
- Plasmid pGL3-4ERPP-TK was prepared by ligating 4.9 kb of the Wiel-Xhol fragment of the obtained plasmid 01 ⁇ 3-cho with the Nhel-Xhol fragment 200b of plasmid pBSS-PPRE4.
- This plasmid pGL3-4ERPP-TK was digested with BamHI (Takara Shuzo) and blunt-ended by treatment with T4DNA polymerase (Takara Shuzo) to obtain a DNA fragment.
- pGFP-C1 (manufactured by Toyobo) was digested with Bsu36I (NEB), and the ends were blunted by treatment with T4 DNA polymerase (manufactured by Takara Shuzo) to obtain a 1.6 kb DNA fragment.
- Reference Example 5 Transfer of human PPARa, RXR ⁇ expression plasmid and repo overnight plasmid into CHO-K1 cells and acquisition of expression cells
- the resulting transformant was cultured in a 24-well plate (Corning Costar Coi "poration, USA), and luciferase was added by adding 10 M pioglitazone hydrochloride.
- PPAR r RXR: 4 ERP PZCHO—K1 cells was selected.
- N-Butyllithium (1.6 M hexane solution, 10.Oml) was added to a solution of 4- (4-trifluoromethylphenyl) furan (3.18 g) in tetrahydrofuran (25 ml) under an argon atmosphere. It was dropped at 78 ° C. After the temperature of the mixed solution was raised to room temperature, a solution of zinc chloride (2.25 g) in tetrahydrofuran (30 ml) was added. After the mixture was stirred for 1 hour, ethyl 3-bromobenzoate (2.38 ml) and tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0.433 g) were added.
- Example 9 -3- [5- (4-Trifluoromethylphenyl) _2_furyl] ethyl benzoate (1.62 g), 1 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (10 ml), tetrahydrofuran (50 ml) and ethanol (50 ml) The mixture was stirred at 60 ° C for 1 hour. After cooling, the reaction mixture was poured into water, and 1 M hydrochloric acid (20 ml) was added. The crystals were collected by filtration and recrystallized from ethanol to give 3- [5- (4-trifluoromethylphenyl) -12-furyl] benzoic acid (1.41 g, yield 95%) as pale yellow. Obtained as powdery crystals. 271-272 ° C.
- Oxalyl chloride (1.16 ml) was added to a solution of 2-methoxycarbonylbenzoic acid (2.0 g) and N, N-dimethylformamide (0.05 ml) in tetrahydrofuran (50 ml) at 0 ° C. added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours and then concentrated. A mixture of the residue and 5_ (4-t-butylphenyl) -1H-tetrazol (2.25 g) and pyridine (30 ml) was heated to reflux for 1 hour. After cooling, water was added to the reaction mixture, which was extracted with ethyl acetate.
- Oxalyl chloride (2.13 ml) was added to a solution of 2-nitro-2-methoxycarbonylbenzoic acid (5.00 g) and N, N-dimethylformamide solution (0.05 ml) in tetrahydrofuran (150 ml) at 0 °. C added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours, and then concentrated. A mixture of the residue, 4-trifluoromethyl N-hydroxybenzeneimidoylamide (4.53 g) and pyridine (100 ml) was heated under reflux for 1 hour. After cooling, water was added to the reaction mixture, and the crystals were collected by filtration and dissolved in ethyl acetate.
- Oxalyl chloride (3.14 ml) was added at 0 ° C to a tetrahydrofuran solution (150 ml) of 2--2-tallow 4-methoxycarbonylbenzoic acid (7.36 g) and N-dimethylformamide (0.05 ml) at 0 ° C. Was. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour and concentrated. A mixture of the residue and 5- (4-trifluoromethylphenyl) -11-II-tetrazole (7.00 g) and pyridine (100 ml) was heated to reflux for 1 hour.
- Oxalyl chloride (1.16 ml) was added to a solution of 2-nitro-4-methoxycarbonylbenzoic acid (2.50 g) and N, N-dimethylformamide solution (0.05 ml) in tetrahydrofuran (50 ml) at 0 ° C. Added in. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours, and then concentrated. A mixture of the residue and 5- (4-t-butylphenyl) -11H-tetrazol (2.25 g) and pyridine (30 ml) was heated to reflux for 1 hour. After cooling, water was added to the reaction mixture, and the crystals were collected by filtration and dissolved in ethyl acetate.
- the compound of the present invention has a blood glucose lowering action, a blood lipid lowering action, a blood insulin lowering action, an insulin resistance improving action, an insulin sensitivity enhancing action, and a retinoid-related receptor (excluding retinoic acid receptor) function regulating activity. .
- the compound of the present invention is, for example, a preventive or therapeutic agent for diabetes (eg, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes, etc.); hyperlipidemia (eg, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, low HD) Prevention and treatment of L-bloodemia, postprandial hyperlipidemia, etc.) Insulin resistance improver; insulin sensitivity enhancer; impaired glucose tolerance [IGT (Impaired Glucose Tolerance)] Can be used as an inhibitor for the transition to diabetes.
- diabetes eg, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes, etc.
- hyperlipidemia eg, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, low HD
- Insulin resistance improver eg, insulin sensitivity enhancer
- ITT Impaired Glucose Tolerance
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Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP02741287A EP1405636A4 (en) | 2001-06-26 | 2002-06-25 | REGULATOR OF RECTINTOR FUNCTION RELATING TO RETINOIDS |
US10/481,033 US7223791B2 (en) | 2001-06-26 | 2002-06-25 | Function regulator for retinoid relative receptor |
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JP2001-192601 | 2001-06-26 | ||
JP2001192601 | 2001-06-26 |
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WO2003000249A1 true WO2003000249A1 (fr) | 2003-01-03 |
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PCT/JP2002/006349 WO2003000249A1 (fr) | 2001-06-26 | 2002-06-25 | Regulateur de la fonction du recepteur relatif aux retinoides |
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US (1) | US7223791B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1405636A4 (ja) |
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US20040157881A1 (en) | 2004-08-12 |
EP1405636A4 (en) | 2009-04-15 |
EP1405636A1 (en) | 2004-04-07 |
US7223791B2 (en) | 2007-05-29 |
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