WO2002102959A1 - Produit de lavage et/ou produit de nettoyage pauvre en zeolithe et stable au stockage - Google Patents

Produit de lavage et/ou produit de nettoyage pauvre en zeolithe et stable au stockage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002102959A1
WO2002102959A1 PCT/EP2002/006292 EP0206292W WO02102959A1 WO 2002102959 A1 WO2002102959 A1 WO 2002102959A1 EP 0206292 W EP0206292 W EP 0206292W WO 02102959 A1 WO02102959 A1 WO 02102959A1
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Prior art keywords
washing
cleaning agent
particulate particles
particles
zeolite
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PCT/EP2002/006292
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wilfried Rähse
Bernd Larson
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Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien
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Publication of WO2002102959A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002102959A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/06—Powder; Flakes; Free-flowing mixtures; Sheets
    • C11D17/065—High-density particulate detergent compositions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to storage-stable, free-flowing and free-flowing zeolite detergents and / or cleaning agents, a process for producing the detergents and / or cleaning agents, and their use.
  • washing or cleaning agents contain so-called bleaching agents or bleach activators.
  • the bleaches which are contained in universal detergents, for example, are usually used to remove bleachable dirt.
  • sodium perborate was usually used as a bleaching agent in washing or cleaning agents for a long time
  • sodium percarbonate for example, has recently been used as a bleaching agent, since there are strong ecological concerns about the spread of boron compounds.
  • the use of sodium percarbonate in washing or cleaning agents leads to considerable difficulties, which mainly result from the poor storage stability of the percarbonates in a moist atmosphere and in the presence of other components, such as heavy metal ions.
  • the incorporation of Sodium percarbonate in powdered detergent containing enzymes since there is a mutual loss of activity with both substances.
  • fragrances Another class of unstable ingredients, which are contained in practically every washing and / or cleaning agent, are the fragrances. It is often observed that it is due to interactions with other washing or
  • DE 199 18 458 discloses detergent tablets which contain one or more enzymes, which in turn are dispersed in a suitable coating substance.
  • the coating substance dissolves due to the melting point of 30 ° C at the time of the rinsing process and serves as a protective cover for the enzymes.
  • GB-A 2,330,362 describes the controlled, time-delayed dissolution of an arrangement of two foils by adding differently compressed binders.
  • the film which initially dissolves contains enzymes and, if appropriate, a bleaching agent, while the film which subsequently dissolves contains the associated bleach activator.
  • the separation of the aforementioned substances at least partially prevents premature degradation of the enzymes.
  • excesses of enzymes are used according to the invention in order to compensate for a loss of activity during the time in which the enzyme-containing agents are stored.
  • WO 97/02339 offers a solution to this conflict between the high degree of compaction of the multicomponent mixture and the stability of the ingredients.
  • the teaching according to the invention makes it possible to provide scourable and free-flowing cleaning agents in a coarse-grained form, the totality of the multicomponent mixture being contained in one grain.
  • the principle according to the invention is based on the fact that the individual detergent components are present in each grain or particle separately from one another, so that any undesired interaction of the ingredients is largely avoided. This can only be guaranteed by building a complex grain structure.
  • the detergent or cleaning agent particles according to the invention are accordingly constructed in multiple layers so that individual components are isolated from one another. The manufacturing process for using such multi-layer particles is relatively complicated for understandable reasons. Furthermore, the granular detergent or detergent composition is determined by the structure of the individual particles and cannot be easily modified, for example by adding other components.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a washing and / or cleaning agent which overcomes the above disadvantages of the prior art, has good storage stability and is formulated in such a way that the chemically unstable or reactive ingredients are as low as possible Interact with each other.
  • the solution to the problem according to the invention is to provide a low-zeolite, capable of pouring and pouring detergent and / or cleaning agent, in which the agent has particulate particles with an average form factor of at least 0.80 and the zeolite content of the detergent and cleaning agent makes up a maximum of 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the agent.
  • a washing and / or cleaning agent is preferably available in which the oxidation-sensitive or chemically labile ingredients, such as enzymes, bleaching substances, bleach activators, fragrances or oxidation-sensitive organic substances, are at least partially present in separate particulate particles.
  • the washing and / or cleaning agent according to the invention has at least two types of particulate particles with different compositions, preferably at least 4 types of particulate particles with different compositions and particularly preferably at least 6 types of particulate particles with different compositions.
  • type in the sense of this invention means that particulate particles with different compositions are present separately in the washing and / or cleaning agent.
  • the agent has particulate particles with a form factor of at least 0.83. It is preferred if the ratio of d50 to d90 is at least 0.75, where d50 represents the median value. The median is defined as the particle size below which 50% of the particle quantity lies. Correspondingly, 90% of the particle quantity is below the value at d90, i.e. H. 10% above. The ratio d50 / d90 approaches the value of 1 for very narrow particle size distributions, or is significantly less than 0.5 for wide distributions.
  • the agent comprises particulate particles with a shape factor of at least 0.85, preferably of at least 0.90, more preferably of at least 0.92 and particularly preferably of at least 0.95.
  • the particulate particles contained in the washing and / or cleaning agent have a form factor of at least 0.84, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, 0.91, 0.92, 0 , 93, 0.94, 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.99 or 1.
  • the particulate particles contained in the washing and / or cleaning agent are present in a particle size distribution which is as uniform as possible, that is to say the ratio of d50 to d90 is as high as possible.
  • the ratio of d50 to d90 is at least 0.78, preferably at least 0.8, particularly preferably at least 0.83 and particularly preferably at least 0.85.
  • the ratio of d50 to d90 is at least 0.76, 0.77, 0.79, 0.81, 0.82, 0.84, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0 , 89, 0.9, 0.91, 0.92, 0.93, 0.94, 0.95, 0.96, 0.97, 0.98 or 0.99.
  • the invention is based on counteracting the risk of clumping or sticking together with washing and / or cleaning particles due to the reduced zeolite content. It is essential to the invention that the respective particulate particles are in the most rounded form possible or have the highest possible form factor. Rounding the particulate particles minimizes the contact area between the spherical particles as possible. The minimization of the contact area between the respective particulate particles prevents the chemically unstable or contained ingredients in the detergent or cleaning agent particles from interacting or reacting with one another. This makes it possible to reduce the zeolite content, based on the total content of the low-zeolite washing and / or cleaning agent, to a maximum of 15% by weight and even to 0% by weight.
  • the zeolite content of the washing and / or cleaning agents according to the invention, stoked and free-flowing can be 0-15% by weight, preferably at most 8% by weight, preferably at most 5% by weight, further preferably at most 3% by weight, more preferably a maximum of 2% by weight and most preferably a maximum of 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the zeolite content of the free-flowing and free-flowing detergents and / or cleaning agents according to the invention can be 14% by weight, 13.5% by weight, 13% by weight, 12.5% by weight, 12% by weight , 11.5% by weight, 11% by weight, 10.5% by weight, or 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the shape factor in the sense of the present invention can be precisely determined by modern particle measurement techniques with digital image processing.
  • a typical particle shape analysis such as can be carried out with the Camsizer® system from Retsch Technology or with the KeSizer® from Kemira, is based on the fact that the particles or the bulk material are irradiated with a light source and the particles are detected as projection surfaces , digitized and processed using computer technology.
  • the surface curvature is determined by an optical measuring method in which the “shadow cast” of the parts to be examined is determined and converted into a corresponding form factor.
  • the underlying principle for determining the form factor was described, for example, by Gordon Rittenhouse in "A visual method of estimating two-dimensional sphericity" in the Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, Vol. 13, No. 2, pages 79-81.
  • the measuring limits of this optical analysis method are 15 ⁇ m and 90 mm respectively
  • the numerical values for d50 and d90 are also available via the above-mentioned measuring method.
  • the washing or cleaning agents have particulate particles with a particle size in the range from 0.3 and 70 mm, preferably in the range from 0.3 and 20 mm, more preferably in the range from 0.3 and 3 mm preferably in the range of 0.8 and 1.5 mm and particularly preferably in the range of 0.8 and 1.35 mm in diameter.
  • the washing or cleaning agent contains the smallest possible proportion and preferably no particulate particles whose diameter is so small that they fit into the intermediate or hollow spaces formed by the other particulate particles.
  • At least 80%, preferably 90% and particularly preferably 95% of the particulate particles have a form factor of at least 0.83, preferably of at least 0.85, more preferably of at least 0.9 and particularly preferably of at least 0 , 95 and a grain size in the range of 0.3 and 70 mm, preferably in the range of 0.3 and 20 mm, more preferably in the range of 0.3 and 3 mm, particularly preferably in the range of 0.8 and 1.5 mm and particularly preferably in the range of 0.8 and 1.35 mm in diameter.
  • the principle according to the invention applies both to agents with particularly large particle diameters, for example with diameters of more than 10 mm, and to smaller particulate particles in the range of 0.3 and 1.5 mm is advantageous. It is crucial for avoiding undesired interactions that the respective particulate particles have a form factor of at least 0.83 and that the interacting ingredients of the washing or cleaning agent are contained in separate particulate particles. Another decisive factor is the most uniform particle size distribution, which can be expressed by the ratio of d50 to d90.
  • the contact area between the particulate particles is only extremely small if the aforementioned particles have the highest possible form factor, which is in no case less than 0.83, and in addition, the particle size distribution is as homogeneous as possible.
  • washing or cleaning agents with small particulate particles.
  • Detergents or cleaning agents with particulate particles with smaller diameters have the advantage that the resulting detergents or cleaning agents have a high bulk density. This in turn advantageously leads to a noticeable reduction in the packaging volume.
  • particulate particles are relative Small grain size is also an advantage if the detergent and / or cleaning agent components it contains should dissolve as quickly as possible. Washing and / or cleaning agents according to the invention which contain relatively small particulate particles therefore advantageously combine high bulk densities on the one hand and good dispersibility and solubility - for example during the washing-in phase of a washing powder in conventional household washing machines.
  • the concept according to the invention also offers considerable advantages with regard to detergents and / or cleaning agents with very large particulate particles with a grain size of, for example, more than 10 mm in diameter.
  • detergents or cleaning agents with particulate particles with a relatively large diameter allow the detergents or cleaning agents to be metered advantageously and easily.
  • the user then has the option, depending on the degree of soiling of the textiles or the type of soiling, to selectively assemble the composition of the cleaning liquor, for example by using a particular particle of defined composition or, for example, two “enzyme-containing” balls or two or more "Bleached” balls are used.
  • This not only allows the cleaning performance of the washing or cleaning agent according to the invention to be optimized, but is also advantageous for ecological reasons.
  • the washing or cleaning agent contains particulate particles which contain at least one bleaching agent, preferably selected from the group comprising perborates, in particular sodium perborate tetrahydrate and sodium perborate monohydrate, percarbonates, peroxypyrophosphates, citrate perhydrates, peracid salts and peracids, in particular Perbenzoates, peroxophthalates, diperazelaic acid, phthaloiminoperic acid and diperdodecanedioic acid contain.
  • at least one bleaching agent preferably selected from the group comprising perborates, in particular sodium perborate tetrahydrate and sodium perborate monohydrate, percarbonates, peroxypyrophosphates, citrate perhydrates, peracid salts and peracids, in particular Perbenzoates, peroxophthalates, diperazelaic acid, phthaloiminoperic acid and diperdodecanedioic acid contain.
  • the agent according to the invention has particulate particles which contain at least one enzyme, preferably selected from the group comprising proteases, lipases, amylases, hydrolases, esterases, lipolytically active enzymes and cellulase.
  • at least one enzyme preferably selected from the group comprising proteases, lipases, amylases, hydrolases, esterases, lipolytically active enzymes and cellulase.
  • the washing or cleaning agent comprises particulate particles which have at least one bleach activator, preferably selected from the group comprising polyacylated alkylenediamines, in particular tetraacetylemylenediamine (TAED), acylated triazine derivatives, in particular 1,5-diacetyl-2,4 -dioxohexahydro-l, 3,5-triazine (DADHT), acylated glycolurils, especially tetraacetylglycoluril (TAGU), N-acylimides, especially N-nonanoylsuccinimide (NOSI), acylated phenol sulfonates, especially n-nonanoyl or isononulfonoyloxybenoxybenzoyloxybenoxy iso-NOBS), carboxylic anhydrides, especially phthalic anhydride, acylated polyhydric alcohols, especially triacetin, ethylene glycol
  • TAED tetra
  • the washing or cleaning agent according to the invention has particulate particles which contain at least one fragrance.
  • the washing and / or cleaning agent contains particulate particles which contain organic oxidizable substances selected from the group of dyes, with some, for example in the form of speckles, or the entire agent being colored.
  • the interacting components such as bleach and enzymes, are not present together in a particulate particle.
  • the composition of the detergent or cleaning agent balls takes place according to the invention in such a way that interacting ingredients in separate particulate particles are included.
  • the washing or cleaning agent has enzyme-containing particulate particles which are free from bleaching agents, bleach activators, oxidizable organic substances and / or fragrances and / or has bleach-containing particulate particles which are free from enzymes, bleach activators, oxidizable organic substances and / or fragrances and / or the agent has fragrance-containing particulate that are free of organic oxidizable substances, bleaching agents, bleach activators and / or enzymes and / or the agent has bleach activator-containing particulate that is free of bleaching agents, enzymes, oxidizable organic substances and / or fragrances and / or has particulate particles which contain oxidizable organic substances and are free from enzymes, bleach activators, fragrances and / or bleach.
  • the particulate particles contained in the detergent or cleaning agent are provided with a partial or complete, optionally multilayer coating made of an at least partially water-soluble polymer material for additional stabilization. It is advantageous if more than 85% of all particulate particles are provided with a partial or complete, optionally multi-layer coating layer or particle layer. It has proven to be particularly advantageous to provide the enzyme-containing particulate particles, bleach-containing particulate particles and / or fragrance-containing particulate particles with a coating or a coating.
  • the low-zeolite, pourable and free-flowing detergent and / or cleaning agent particulate particles, preferably enzyme-containing particulate particles, bleach-containing particulate particles and / or fragrance-containing particulate particles, which are enveloped by fine solid particles with a particle size d90 of less than 20 ⁇ m.
  • the washing and / or cleaning agent contains particulate particles which have a covering made of an at least partially water-soluble polymer material, the polymer material at least one Enzyme, at least one, two or more hydroxide groups containing organic compounds and at least one crosslinker for the polymer.
  • the aforementioned embodiment allows particularly labile enzymes to be applied to the detergent or cleaning agent balls with the aid of a polymer coating.
  • the washing and / or cleaning agent according to the invention can be used for cleaning hard surfaces and / or soft surfaces and particularly preferably for washing textiles.
  • washing and / or cleaning agent is suitable for cleaning hair, fibers, textiles, carpets, clothing, food and / or the like.
  • the constituents contained in the washing and / or cleaning agents according to the invention are preferably selected from the group comprising surfactants, fragrances, dyes, enzymes, enzyme stabilizers, builders, substances for adjusting the pH, bleaching agents, bleach activators, dirt-repellent substances, optical brighteners, graying inhibitors , Disintegration aids, usual ingredients and / or mixtures thereof.
  • Anionic, cationic, ampho- and / or non-ionic surfactants can be used as surfactants for the production of the washing and / or cleaning agents.
  • anionic surfactants of the sulfonate and sulfate type can be used.
  • Suitable surfactants of the sulfonate type are preferably C 9-1 3- alkyl benzene sulfonates, olefin sulfonates, ie mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkane sulfonates, and the disulfonates obtained, for example, from C 8 12 - ⁇ - monoolefins with terminal or internal double bond by sulfonation with Gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acidic hydrolysis of the sulfonation products.
  • Alkanesulfonates made from C 12 - 18 are obtained, for example, alkanes by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation and subsequent hydrolysis or neutralization.
  • the esters of ⁇ -sulfofatty acids (ester sulfonates), for example the ⁇ -sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids, are also suitable.
  • Sulfonation products of unsaturated fatty acids, for example oleic acid are also suitable in small amounts, preferably in amounts not above about 2 to 3% by weight.
  • ⁇ -sulfofatty acid alkyl esters are preferred which have an alkyl chain with no more than 4 carbon atoms in the ester group, for example methyl esters, ethyl esters, propyl esters and butyl esters.
  • methyl esters of ⁇ -sulfofatty acids (MES), but also their saponified disalts, are used with particular advantage.
  • Suitable anionic surfactants are sulfonated fatty acid glycerol esters.
  • Fatty acid glycerol esters are to be understood as meaning the mono-, di- and triesters and their mixtures, as obtained in the production by esterification of a monoglycerol with 1 to 3 moles of fatty acid or in the transesterification of triglycerides with 0.3 to 2 moles of glycerol.
  • Preferred sulfated fatty acid glycerol esters are the sulfonation products of saturated fatty acids having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, for example caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, myristic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid or behenic acid.
  • the alk (en) yl sulfates are the alkali and in particular the sodium salts of the sulfuric acid half esters of C 12 -C 18 fatty alcohols, for example from coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or the C 10 -C 2 o- Oxoalcohols and those half esters of secondary alcohols of this chain length are preferred. Also preferred are alk (en) yl sulfates of the chain length mentioned which contain a synthetic, straight-chain alkyl radical prepared on a petrochemical basis and which have a degradation behavior analogous to that of the adequate compounds based on oleochemical raw materials.
  • Fatty acid derivatives of amino acids for example of N-methyl taurine (taurides) and / or of N-methyl glycine (sarcosides) are also suitable as further anionic surfactants Consideration.
  • Soaps are particularly suitable as further anionic surfactants.
  • Saturated fatty acid soaps are suitable, such as the salts of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hydrogenated erucic acid and behenic acid, and in particular from natural fatty acids, e.g. Coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids, derived soap mixtures.
  • the anionic surfactants can be in the form of their sodium, potassium or ammonium salts and also as soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, di- or tri-emanolamine.
  • the anionic surfactants are preferably in the form of their sodium or potassium salts, in particular in the form of the sodium salts.
  • the anionic surfactants are preferably present in the washing or cleaning agents according to the invention in amounts of 1 to 30% by weight and in particular in amounts of 5 to 25% by weight.
  • Preferred nonionic surfactants are C 12 -C 18 fatty acid methyl esters with an average of 3 to 15 EO, in particular with an average of 5 to 12 EO.
  • C ⁇ -ds fatty acid methyl esters with 10 to 12 EO can be used as surfactants.
  • alkyl polyglycosides Another class of nonionic surfactants that can be used advantageously for the production of detergents or cleaning agents are the alkyl polyglycosides (APG).
  • Alkypolyglycosides that can be used satisfy the general formula RO (G) z , in which R denotes a linear or branched, in particular methyl-branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18, carbon atoms and G is the Is a symbol for a 5 or 6 C-Ato Men, preferably for glucose.
  • the degree of glycosidation z is between 1.0 and 4.0, preferably between 1.0 and 2.0 and in particular between 1.1 and 1.4.
  • Nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide type for example N-coconut alkyl-N, N-dimethylamine oxide and N-tallow alkyl-N, N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide, and the fatty acid alkanolamides can also be suitable for the preparation of the detergents or cleaning agents.
  • gemini surfactants are suitable as further surfactants for the production of the washing and / or cleaning agents according to the invention. These are generally understood to mean those compounds which have two hydrophilic groups and two hydrophobic groups per molecule. These groups are generally separated from one another by a so-called “spacer”. This spacer is generally a carbon chain which should be long enough that the hydrophilic groups are sufficiently far apart that they can act independently of one another.
  • Such surfactants are distinguished generally by an unusually low critical micelle concentration and the ability to greatly reduce the surface tension of the water, but in exceptional cases the term gemini surfactants is understood to mean not only dimeric but also trimeric surfactants.
  • Gemini surfactants for the production of detergents and / or cleaning agents are, for example, sulfated hydroxy mixed ethers according to German patent application DE-A-43 21 022 or dimer alcohol bis and trimer alcohol tris-sulfates and ⁇ ether sulfates according to German patent application DE-A-195 03 061.
  • End group capped dimeric and trimeric mixed ethers according to German patent application DE-A-195 13 391 are distinguished in particular by their bi- and multifunctionality.
  • the end-capped surfactants mentioned have good wetting properties and are low-foaming, so that they are particularly suitable for use in machine washing and / or cleaning processes.
  • the detergents and / or cleaning agents according to the invention can all be used as builders or builders, usually in detergents and / or cleaning agents, in particular in Detergents, builders used contain, in particular thus zeolites, silicates, carbonates, soda, organic cobuilders and also the phosphates. To avoid particulate residues on textiles, it is particularly advantageous to use builders that are completely water-soluble, such as soda or the like.
  • Suitable crystalline, layered sodium silicates have the general formula NaMSi ⁇ O 2 ⁇ +1 "H 2 O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1.9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20 and preferred values for x 2 , 3 or 4.
  • Preferred crystalline sheet silicates of the formula given are those in which M is sodium and x is 2 or 3. In particular, both ⁇ - and ⁇ -sodium disilicates Na 2 Si O 5 'yH 2 O are preferred ,
  • Amorphous sodium silicates with a Na 2 O: SiO 2 modulus from 1: 2 to 1: 3.3, preferably from 1: 2 to 1: 2.8 and in particular from 1: 2 to 1: 2.6 can also be used.
  • Amorphous silicates are particularly preferred.
  • a finely crystalline, synthetic and bound water containing zeolite that can be used is preferably zeolite A and / or P.
  • zeolite P zeolite MAP® (commercial product from Crosfield) is particularly preferred.
  • zeolite X and mixtures of A, X and / or P are also suitable.
  • Commercially available and can preferably be used in the context of the present invention for example a co-crystallizate of zeolite X and zeolite A (about 80% by weight of zeolite X) ), which is sold by CONDEA Augusta SpA under the brand name VEGOBOND AX ® and the formula:
  • Suitable zeolites have an average particle size of less than 10 ⁇ m (volume distribution; measurement method: Coulter Counter) and preferably contain 18 to 22% by weight, in particular 20 to 22% by weight, of bound water.
  • the zeolite content of the agents according to the invention is at most 15% by weight, preferably at most 12% by weight, in particular at most 10% by weight, in each case based on anhydrous active substance, for example 1 to 8% by weight or 0 to 5% by weight .-%.
  • the agents are free of zeolite.
  • the sodium salts of orthophosphates, pyrophosphates and in particular tripolyphosphates are particularly suitable.
  • the agents according to the invention are preferably not only low in zeolite but also low in phosphate.
  • the phosphate content is advantageously a maximum of 15% by weight, preferably a maximum of 12% by weight, in particular a maximum of 10% by weight, for example 1 to 8% by weight or 0 to 5% by weight. Agents which are both free of zeolite and phosphate are very particularly preferred.
  • Organic washing agents and / or cleaning agents according to the invention may include, in particular, polycarboxylates / polycarboxylic acids, polymeric polycarboxylates, aspartic acid, polyacetals, dextrins, further organic cobuilders (see below) and phosphonates as organic cobuilders. These substance classes are described below.
  • Usable organic builders are, for example, the polycarboxylic acids which can be used in the form of their sodium salts, polycarboxylic acids being understood to mean those carboxylic acids which carry more than one acid function.
  • these are citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, sugar acids, a inocarboxylic acids, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), as long as such use is not objectionable for ecological reasons, and mixtures of these.
  • Preferred salts are the salts of Polycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, sugar acids and mixtures of these.
  • the acids themselves can also be used.
  • the acids typically also have the property of an acidifying component and thus also serve to set a lower and milder pH of detergents and / or cleaning agents.
  • Citric acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, gluconic acid and any mixtures thereof can be mentioned in particular.
  • Polymeric polycarboxylates are also suitable as builders, for example the alkali metal salts of polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid, for example those with a relative molecular weight of 500 to 70,000 g / mol.
  • the molecular weights given for polymeric polycarboxylates are weight-average molecular weights M w of the particular acid form, which were determined in principle by means of gel permeation chromatography (GPC), using a UV detector. The measurement was made against an external polyacrylic acid standard, which provides realistic molecular weight values due to its structural relationship to the polymers investigated. This information differs significantly from the molecular weight information for which polystyrene sulfonic acids are used as standard. The molecular weights measured against polystyrene sulfonic acids are generally significantly higher than the molecular weights given in this document.
  • Suitable polymers are, in particular, polyacrylates, which preferably have a molecular weight of 2,000 to 20,000 g / mol. Because of their superior solubility, the short-chain polyacrylates which have molar masses from 2000 to 10000 g / mol, and particularly preferably from 3000 to 5000 g / mol, can in turn be preferred from this group.
  • copolymeric polycarboxylates in particular those of acrylic acid with methacrylic acid and of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with maleic acid.
  • Copolymers of acrylic acid with maleic acid have proven to be particularly suitable Contain 50 to 90 wt .-% acrylic acid and 50 to 10 wt .-% maleic acid.
  • Their relative molecular weight, based on free acids, is generally 2,000 to 70,000 g / mol, preferably 20,000 to 50,000 g / mol and in particular 30,000 to 40,000 g / mol.
  • Biodegradable polymers of more than two different monomer units are also particularly preferred, for example those which contain salts of acrylic acid and maleic acid as well as vinyl alcohol or vinyl alcohol derivatives as monomers or those which contain salts of acrylic acid and 2-alkylallylsulfonic acid and sugar derivatives as monomers ,
  • copolymers are those which preferably have acrolein and acrylic acid / acrylic acid salts or acrolein and vinyl acetate as monomers.
  • polymeric aminodicarboxylic acids their salts or their precursor substances.
  • Polyaspartic acids or their salts and derivatives are particularly preferred which, in addition to cobuilder properties, also have a bleach-stabilizing effect.
  • polyacetals which can be obtained by reacting dialdehydes with polyolcarboxylic acids which have 5 to 7 carbon atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups.
  • Preferred polyacetals are obtained from dialdehydes such as glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, terephthalaldehyde and their mixtures and from polyol carboxylic acids such as gluconic acid and / or glucoheptonic acid.
  • Suitable organic builder substances are dextrins, for example oligomers or polymers of carbohydrates, which can be obtained by partial hydrolysis of starches.
  • the hydrolysis can be carried out by customary processes, for example acid-catalyzed or enzyme-catalyzed. They are preferably hydrolysis products with average molar masses in the range from 400 to 500,000 g / mol.
  • DE dextrose equivalent
  • the oxidized derivatives of such dextrins are their reaction products with oxidizing agents which are capable of oxidizing at least one alcohol function of the saccharide ring to the carboxylic acid function.
  • a product oxidized at C 6 of the saccharide ring can be particularly advantageous.
  • a preferred dextrin is described in British patent application 94 19 091.
  • the oxidized derivatives of such dextrins are their reaction products with oxidizing agents which are capable of oxidizing at least one alcohol function of the saccharide ring to the carboxylic acid function.
  • Such oxidized dextrins and processes for their preparation are known, for example, from European patent applications EP-A-0232202, EP-A-0427 349, EP-A-0 472 042 and EP-A-0 542 496 and international patent applications WO-A-92 / 18542, WO-A-93/08251, WO-A-94/28030, WO-A-95/07303, WO-A-95/12619 and WO-A-95/20608.
  • a product oxidized at C6 of the saccharide ring can be particularly advantageous.
  • Ethylene diamine N, N'-disuccinate (EDDS) is preferably used in the form of its sodium or magnesium salts.
  • glycerol disuccinates and glycerol trisuccinates are also preferred in this connection, as are described, for example, in US Pat. Nos. 4,524009, 4,639,325, European Patent Application EP-A-0 150930 and Japanese Patent Application JP 93/339896.
  • organic cobuilders are, for example, acetylated hydroxycarboxylic acids or their salts, which may also be in lactone form and which have at least 4 carbon atoms and at least one hydroxyl group as well as a maximum of two acid groups.
  • Such cobuilders are described, for example, in international patent application WO-A-95/20029.
  • phosphonates are, in particular, hydroxyalkane or ammoalkane phosphonates.
  • hydroxyalkane phosphonates l-hydroxyethane-l, l-diphosphonate (HEDP) is of particular importance as a cobuilder. It is preferably used as the sodium salt, the disodium salt reacting neutrally and the tetrasodium salt in an alkaline manner (pH 9).
  • Preferred aminoalkane phosphonates are ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonate (EDTMP), diethylene triamine pentamethylene phosphonate (DTPMP) and their higher homologs.
  • EDTMP hexasodium salt of EDTMP or as the hepta and octa sodium salt of DTPMP.
  • HEDP is preferably used as the builder from the class of the phosphonates.
  • the aminoalkanephosphonates also have a pronounced ability to bind heavy metals. Accordingly, in particular if the washing and / or cleaning agents also contain bleach, it may be preferred to use aminoalkanephosphonates, in particular DTPMP, or to use mixtures of the phosphonates mentioned for the preparation of the agents.
  • Suitable builder substances for the production of the washing and / or cleaning agents according to the invention are oxidation products of carboxyl-containing polyglucosans and / or their water-soluble salts, as are described, for example, in international patent application WO-A-93/08251 or their production, for example, in international patent application WO -A-93/16110.
  • Oxidized oligosaccharides according to German patent application DE-A-19600018 are also suitable.
  • polyacetals which are obtained by reacting dialdehydes with polyol carboxylic acids which have 5 to 7 carbon atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups, for example as described in European patent application EP-A-0 280 223.
  • Preferred polyacetals are obtained from dialdehydes such as glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, terephthalaldehyde and their mixtures and from polyol carboxylic acids such as gluconic acid and / or glucoheptonic acid.
  • the agents can also have acidic salts or slightly alkaline salts.
  • Preferred acidifying components are bisulfates and / or bicarbonates or organic polycarboxylic acids, which can also be used as builder substances at the same time.
  • the use of citric acid is particularly preferred.
  • the washing and / or cleaning agents can also have bleaching agents.
  • bleaching agents Among the compounds which serve as bleaching agents and supply H 2 O 2 in water, sodium perborate tetrahydrate and sodium perborate monohydrate are of particular importance.
  • Further bleaching agents which can be used are, for example, sodium percarbonate, peroxypyrophosphates, citrate perhydrates and H 2 O 2 -producing peracid salts or peracids, such as perbenzoates, peroxophthalates, diperazelaic acid, phthaloiminoperacid or diperdodecanedioic acid.
  • Bleaching agents from the group of organic bleaching agents can also be used to produce the detergents and / or cleaning agents.
  • Typical organic bleaching agents are the diacyl peroxides, e.g. Dibenzoyl.
  • Other typical organic bleaching agents are peroxy acids, examples of which include alkyl peroxy acids and aryl peroxy acids.
  • Preferred representatives are (a) peroxybenzoic acid and its ring-substituted derivatives, such as alkylperoxybenzoic acids, but also peroxy- ⁇ -naphthoic acid and magnesium monoperphthalate, (b) the aliphatic or substituted aliphatic peroxyacids, such as peroxylauric acid, peroxystearic acid, ⁇ -phthalimonic acid peroxycap
  • Thmaloirninoperoxyhexanoic acid o-carboxybenzamido-peroxycaproic acid, N- nonenylamidoperadipic acid and N-nonenylamidopersuccinate, and (c) aliphatic and araliphatic peroxydicarboxylic acids, such as 1,12-diperoxy carboxylic acid, 1,9-diperoxyazelaic acid, diperocysebacic acid, diperoxybrassyl acid, the diperoxophthalic acids, 2-decanoic acid, 2-decyldiperoxy, N-terephthaloyl-di (6-aminopercapronic acid) can be used to prepare the agents according to the invention.
  • PAP Thmaloirninoperoxyhexanoic acid
  • Chlorine or bromine-releasing substances can also be used as bleaching agents in the washing and / or cleaning agents according to the invention.
  • Suitable chlorine or bromine-releasing materials include, for example, heterocyclic N-bromo- and N-chloramides, for example trichloroisocyanuric acid, tribromoisocyanuric acid, dibromoisocyanuric acid and / or dichloroisocyanuric acid (DICA) and / or their salts with cations such as potassium and sodium.
  • Hydantoin compounds such as 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydanthoin are also suitable.
  • the bleach content is preferably 0 to 25% by weight and in particular 1 to 20% by weight, based on the overall composition of the washing and / or cleaning agent.
  • bleach activators can be included.
  • aliphatic peroxocarboxylic acids with preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, in particular 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and / or optionally substituted perbenzoic acid can be used as bleach activators for the production of the washing and / or cleaning agents according to the invention.
  • Suitable substances are those which carry O- and / or N-acyl groups of the number of carbon atoms mentioned and / or optionally substituted benzoyl groups.
  • TAED t
  • bleach catalysts can also be used to produce detergents or cleaning agents according to the invention.
  • These substances are bleach-enhancing transition metal salts or transition metal complexes such as, for example, Mn, Fe, Co, Ru or Mo salt complexes or carbonyl complexes.
  • Mn, Fe, Co, Ru, Mo, Ti, V and Cu complexes with N-containing tripod ligands as well as Co, Fe, Cu and Ru amine complexes can also be used as bleaching catalysts.
  • Bleach activators for the production of the detergents and / or cleaning agents according to the invention can also be the enol esters known from German patent applications DE-A-196 16693 and DE-A-196 16 767, as well as acetylated sorbitol and mannitol or their European patent application EP-A- 0525 239 described mixtures (SORMAN), acylated sugar derivatives, in particular pentaacetyl glucose (PAG), pentaacetyl fructose, tetraacetylxylose and octaacetyl lactose as well as acetylated, optionally N-alkylated glucamine and gluconolactone, and / or N-acylated lactamolamol, for example those from international patent applications WO-A-94/27970, WO-A-94/28102, WO-A-94/28103, WO-A-95/00626, WO-A-95
  • hydrophilically substituted acylacetals known from German patent application DE-A-196 16 769 and the acyl lactams described in German patent application DE-A-196 16 770 and international patent application WO-A-95/14075 are also preferred for the preparation of the washing according to the invention - or detergent used.
  • the combinations of conventional bleach activators known from German patent application DE-A-4443 177 can also be used to produce the washing or cleaning agents according to the invention.
  • Suitable foam inhibitors are, for example, soaps of natural or synthetic origin, which have a high proportion of C18-C24 fatty acids.
  • Suitable non-surfactant-like foam inhibitors are, for example, organopolysiloxanes and their mixtures with microfine, optionally silanized silica, and paraffins, waxes, microcrystalline waxes and their mixtures with silanized silica or bistearylethylenediamide.
  • Suitable enzymes for the production of the washing and / or cleaning agents are, in particular, those from the classes of hydrolases such as proteases, esterases, lipases or lipolytically active enzymes, amylases, glycosyl hydrolases and mixtures of the enzymes mentioned. All of these hydrolases contribute to the removal of stains such as stains containing protein, fat or starch.
  • Oxidoreductases can also be used for bleaching.
  • Particularly suitable for the production of the detergents or cleaning agents are those which are derived from bacterial strains or fungi such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Streptomyceus griseus, Coprinus Cinereus and Humicola insolens as well as enzymatic active ingredients derived from their genetically modified variants.
  • Proteases of the subtilisin type and in particular proteases which are obtained from Bacillus lentus are preferred.
  • enzyme mixtures for example of protease and amylase or protease and lipase or lipolytically active enzymes or of protease, amylase and lipase or lipolytically active enzymes or protease, lipase or lipolytically active enzymes, but especially protease and / or lipase-containing mixtures or mixtures with lipolytically active enzymes of particular interest.
  • Known cutinases are examples of such lipolytically active enzymes.
  • Peroxidases or oxidases have also proven to be suitable in some cases.
  • Suitable amylases include in particular alpha-amylases, iso-amylases, pullulanases and pectinases.
  • Oxireductases are also suitable.
  • cellulases are also suitable for the production of the washing and / or cleaning agents. By removing pilling and microfibrils, cellulases and other glycosyl hydrolases can help maintain color and increase the softness of the textile.
  • Cellobiohydrolases, endoglucanases and glucosidases, which are also called cellobiases, or mixtures thereof, are preferably used as cellulases. Since different cellulase types differ in their CMCase and avicelase activities, the desired activities can be set by targeted mixtures of the cellulases.
  • the proportion of the enzymes or enzyme mixtures can be, for example, about 0.1 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.5 to about 4.5% by weight, based on the detergent or cleaning agent composition.
  • the washing and / or cleaning agents can also contain further enzyme stabilizers.
  • the washing and / or cleaning agents can contain sodium formate.
  • proteases which are stabilized with soluble calcium salts and a calcium content of preferably about 1.2% by weight, based on the enzyme.
  • magnesium salts also serve as stabilizers.
  • boron compounds for example boric acid, boron oxide, borax and other alkali metal borates such as the salts of orthoboric acid (H3BO3), metaboric acid (HBO2) and pyrobic acid (tetraboric acid H2B4O7), is particularly advantageous.
  • the washing and / or cleaning agents can also contain graying inhibitors.
  • Graying inhibitors have the task of keeping the dirt detached from the fiber suspended in the liquor and thus preventing the dirt from being re-absorbed.
  • Water-soluble colloids of mostly organic nature are suitable for this, for example the water-soluble salts of polymeric carboxylic acids, glue, gelatin, salts of ether carboxylic acids or ether sulfonic acids of starch or cellulose or salts of acidic sulfuric acid esters of cellulose or starch.
  • Water-soluble polyamides containing acidic groups are also suitable for this purpose.
  • Polyvinylpyrrolidone can also be used.
  • cellulose ethers such as carboxymethyl cellulose (sodium salt), methyl cellulose, hydroxyalkyl cellulose and mixed ethers such as
  • dirt-repellent substances can be used to produce the detergents and / or cleaning agents, which have a positive influence on the ability to wash oil and fat out of textiles (so-called soil repellents). This effect becomes particularly clear when a textile is soiled that has already been washed several times beforehand with a detergent according to the invention which contains this oil and fat-dissolving component.
  • the preferred oil and fat-dissolving components include, for example, nonionic cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose and methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose with a proportion of methoxyl groups of 15 to 30% by weight and of hydroxypropoxyl groups of 1 to 15% by weight, based in each case on the nonionic Cellulose ethers, as well as the polymers of phthalic acid and / or terephthalic acid or their derivatives known from the prior art, in particular polymers of ethylene terephthalates and / or polyethylene glycol terephthalates or anionically and / or nonionically modified derivatives thereof.
  • nonionic cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose and methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose with a proportion of methoxyl groups of 15 to 30% by weight and of hydroxypropoxyl groups of 1 to 15% by weight, based in each case on the nonionic Cellulose ethers, as well as the polymers of phthalic acid and / or terephthal
  • Optical brighteners are organic dyes that convert part of the invisible UV radiation from sunlight into longer-wave blue light. The emission of this blue light complements the "gap" in the light reflected by the textile, so that a textile treated with an optical brightener appears whiter and brighter to the eye. Since the action mechanism of brighteners presupposes that they are drawn onto the fibers, a distinction is made depending on the "dyed" fibers, for example brighteners for cotton, polyamide or polyester fibers.
  • Brighteners essentially belong to five groups, namely the stilbene, diphenylstilbene, coumarin-quinoline, diphenylpyrazole group and the group of the combination of benzoxazole or benzimidazole with conjugated systems.
  • An overview of common brighteners can be found, for example, in G. Jakobi, A. Lschreib "Detergents and Textile Washing", VCH-Verlag, Weinheim, 1987, pages 94 to 100.
  • Suitable are, for example, salts of 4,4'-bis [(4-anilino-6-mo holino-s-triazin-2-yl) amino] -stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid or compounds of the same structure which are used instead of morpholino Group carry a diethanolamino group, a methylamino group, an anilino group or a 2-methoxyethylamino group.
  • Brighteners of the substituted diphenylstyryl type may also be present, for example the alkali salts of 4,4'-bis (2-sulfostyryl) diphenyl, 4,4'-bis (4-chloro-3-sulfostyryl) diphenyl, or 4- (4-chlorostyryl) -4 '- (2-sulfostyryl). Mixtures of the aforementioned brighteners can also be used.
  • Fragrances can be added to the detergents and / or cleaning agents according to the invention in order to improve the aesthetic impression of the resulting agents and, in addition to the cleaning performance and the color impression, provide the consumer with a sensorially "typical and unmistakable" detergent and / or cleaning agent put.
  • perfume oils or fragrances individual fragrance compounds, e.g. the synthetic products of the ester, ether, aldehyde, ketone, alcohol and hydrocarbon type are used. Fragrance compounds of the ester type are e.g.
  • the ethers include, for example, benzyl ethyl ether
  • the aldehydes include, for example, the linear alkanals with 8-18 C atoms, citral, citronellal, citronellyloxyacetaldehyde, cyclamenaldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, lilial and bourgeonal
  • the ketones include, for example, the jonones, oc-isomethyl ionone and methyl cedryl ketone the alcohols anethole, citronellol, eugenol, geraniol, linalool, phenylethyl alcohol and terpineol
  • the hydrocarbons mainly include the terpenes such as limonene and pinene.
  • perfume oils of this type can also contain natural fragrance mixtures such as are obtainable from plant sources, for example pine, citrus, jasmine, patchouly, rose or ylang-ylang oil. Also suitable are muscatel, sage oil, chamomile oil, clove oil, lemon balm oil, mint oil, pine leaf oil, linden blossom oil, juniper berry oil, vetiver oil, olibanum oil, galbanum oil and labdanum oil as well as orange blossom oil, neroliol, orange peel oil and sandalwood oil.
  • tablet disintegrants In order to facilitate the disintegration of the detergents and / or cleaning agents in solid form, for example in tablet form, it is possible to incorporate disintegration aids, so-called tablet disintegrants, in these in order to shorten the disintegration times.
  • tablet disintegrants or accelerators of decay are understood as auxiliary substances which are necessary for rapid disintegration of tablets in water or gastric juice and ensure the release of the pharmaceuticals in absorbable form.
  • Usual washing and / or cleaning agents contain 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably 3 to 7% by weight and in particular 4 to 6% by weight of one or more disintegration aids, in each case based on the weight of the washing and / or cleaning agent .
  • Disintegrants based on cellulose are used as preferred disintegrants which are suitable for producing the washing and / or cleaning agents according to the invention.
  • Pure cellulose has the formal composition of Bmtto (C 6 H 10 O 5 ) n and, formally speaking, is a ß-1,4-polyacetal of cellobiose, which in turn is made up of two molecules of glucose. Suitable celluloses consist of approximately 500 to 5000 glucose units and consequently have average molecular weights of 50,000 to 500,000.
  • Cellulose-based disintegrants which can be used in the context of the present invention are also cellulose derivatives which can be obtained from cellulose by polymer-analogous reactions.
  • Such chemically modified celluloses include, for example, products from esterifications or etherifications in which hydroxyl hydrogen atoms have been substituted.
  • celluloses in which the hydroxyl groups have been replaced by functional groups which are not bound via an oxygen atom can also be used as cellulose derivatives.
  • the group of cellulose derivatives includes, for example, alkali celluloses, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), cellulose esters and ethers and aminocelluloses.
  • the cellulose derivatives mentioned are preferably not used alone as a cellulose-based disintegrant, but are used in a mixture with cellulose.
  • the content of cellulose derivatives in these mixtures is preferably below 50% by weight, particularly preferably below 20% by weight, based on the cellulose-based disintegrant. Pure cellulose, which is free of cellulose derivatives, is particularly preferably used as the cellulose-based disintegrant for the production of the washing and / or cleaning agents according to the invention.
  • Microcrystalline cellulose can be used as a further cellulose-based disintegrant for producing the washing and / or cleaning agents according to the invention.
  • This microcrystalline cellulose is obtained by partial hydrolysis of celluloses under conditions which only attack and completely dissolve the amorphous areas (approx. 30% of the total cellulose mass) of the celluloses, but leave the crystalline areas (approx. 70%) undamaged.
  • the washing and / or cleaning agents can be colored with suitable dyes, the brightener-containing phase (s) preferably containing the total amount of dyes.
  • Preferred dyes the selection of which is not difficult for the person skilled in the art, have a high storage stability and insensitivity to the other ingredients of the detergents and / or cleaning agents and to light, and no pronounced substantivity to textile fibers in order not to dye them.
  • Preferred for the production of the washing and / or cleaning agents according to the invention are all coloring agents which can be oxidatively destroyed in the washing process, as well as mixtures thereof with suitable blue dyes, so-called blue toners. It has proven to be advantageous to use colorants for the production of the washing or cleaning agents according to the invention which are soluble in water or at room temperature in liquid organic substances.
  • anionic colorants for example anionic nitroso dyes, are suitable.
  • One possible dye is, for example, naphthol green (Color Index (CI) Part 1: Acid Green 1; Part 2: 10020).
  • CI Color Index
  • Part 1 Acid Green 1
  • Part 2 10020
  • which as a commercial product ® for example as Basacid Green 970 from BASF, Ludwigshafen, and mixtures thereof with suitable blue dyes.
  • Pigmosol ® Blue 6900 (CI 74160), Pigmosol ® Green 8730 (CI 74260), Basonyl ® Red 545 FL (CI 45170), Sandolan ® Rhodamine EB400 (CI 45100), Basacid ® Yellow 094 (CI 47005), Sicovit ® Patentblau 85 E 131 (CI 42051), Acid Blue 183 (CAS 12217-22-0, CI Acidblue 183), Pigment Blue 15 (CI 74160), Supranol ® Blau GLW (CAS 12219-32-8, CI Acidblue 221 ), Nylosan ® Yellow N-7GL SGR (CAS 61814-57-1, CI Acidyellow 218) and / or Sandolan ® Blue (CI Acid Blue 182, CAS 12219-26-0).
  • colorant concentrations are typically in the range from a few 10 "2 to 10 " 3 % by weight, based in each case on the total detergent and / or cleaning agent selected.
  • the appropriate concentration of the colorant is in detergents and / or cleaning agents, however, typically a few 10 "3 to 10" 4 wt. -%, based on the total detergent and / or cleaning agent.
  • the present invention furthermore relates to a method for producing the washing and / or cleaning agent according to the invention.
  • the process according to the invention provides that free-flowing particulate particles are first produced, preferably by means of extrusion, and the particulate particles are then rounded off, preferably with the aid of a spheronizer, a rotating drum, a coating drum or a coating plate.
  • Extrusion methods suitable according to the invention are known in the prior art and are described, for example, in WO 00/23556, in WO 99/13045 or also in EP 0 665 879.
  • the free-flowing particulate particles with a defined composition are produced by methods known per se.
  • compact powder or particulate particles can be obtained by spraying and subsequent dry compacting, by granulation, spray agglomeration or by extrusion.
  • the non-rounded particulate particles are preferably produced by extrusion processes, particularly preferably using a two-shaft extruder.
  • the raw materials intended for the particular particulate are first mixed and then homogenized and plasticized in the extruder. By cutting the extruded mass at the extruder head for example, cylindrical particles can be obtained.
  • the free-flowing particulate particles are produced starting from a base granulate or a base mixture and corresponding admixing components, which include, for example, enzymes, bleaching agents, bleach activators, fragrances and / or organic oxidizable substances, and the base mixture or the base granulate preferably settles composed of inert or inert components.
  • the aforementioned components can be both active washing or cleaning ingredients and corresponding framework substances.
  • the particulate particles obtained in the first process step are rounded in a second process step.
  • the particles are preferably rounded in such a way that they have a shape factor of at least 0.83 after the rounding process.
  • the particulate particles or the extrudate are preferably rounded using a so-called spheronizer, a rotating drum, a coating drum or a coating plate.
  • the rounding of the particulate particles with different compositions takes place in one step or simultaneously. This has the advantage that the particulate particles have an essentially uniform form factor and also minimize the outlay in terms of apparatus in the production of the washing and / or cleaning agents according to the invention.
  • the particulate particles according to the invention are produced by the so-called spray agglomeration process.
  • This method has the advantage that the production of the particles and the rounding take place in one step.
  • the particles are agglomerated and dried simultaneously in a fluidized bed. The onion-like application of the substances and the movement of the particles result in very dense and round particles.
  • a part of the rounded particulate particles is provided with a covering made of an at least partially water-soluble polymer material.
  • the covering is applied by methods known per se.
  • the particles are further provided to surround the particles with a coating of fine solids, ie to powder them, in order to achieve protection.
  • Example 1 relates to a detergent according to the invention with particles of different compositions, which can have different coatings:
  • the extradate was free of zeolite. Suitable components for the extradate are disclosed in DE 196 385 99, to which reference is made in full here.
  • the rest includes common detergent additives such as foam inhibitors, brighteners, bleach activators and citric acid.
  • Table 1 shows the particle size distribution d50 and d90, the particle size ratio and the shape factor for the particles with different compositions.
  • the particles with a form factor of at least 0.87 make up 89% by weight of the Total weight of the detergent according to the invention.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un produit de lavage et/ou un produit de nettoyage en vrac et coulant. Ce produit présente des particules ayant un facteur de forme moyen d'au moins 0,80.La teneur en zéolithe du produit de lavage et/ou du produit de nettoyage est égale à 15 % en poids maximum par rapport au poids total du produit. Etant donne que les particules sont arrondies, la surface de contact entre ces dernières, dont la forme se rapproche le plus possible d'une sphère, est réduite. La réduction de la surface de contact entre lesdites particules évite que les substances chimiquement instables, ou ayant une tendance à la désactivation, contenues dans les particules de produit de lavage et/ou de produit de nettoyage entrent en interaction les unes avec les autres ou réagissent entre elles.
PCT/EP2002/006292 2001-06-19 2002-06-08 Produit de lavage et/ou produit de nettoyage pauvre en zeolithe et stable au stockage WO2002102959A1 (fr)

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DE2001129467 DE10129467A1 (de) 2001-06-19 2001-06-19 Lagerstabiles, zeolitharmes Wasch- und/oder Reinigungsmittel

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008015055A1 (fr) * 2006-08-04 2008-02-07 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Agent de nettoyage ou de lavage sous forme de particules

Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3775331A (en) * 1970-12-22 1973-11-27 Colgate Palmolive Co Manufacture of enzyme spheres
EP0390287A2 (fr) * 1989-03-29 1990-10-03 Unilever N.V. Additif détergent sous forme de particules, préparation et utilisation dans des compositions détergentes
US4970017A (en) * 1985-04-25 1990-11-13 Lion Corporation Process for production of granular detergent composition having high bulk density
US5795856A (en) * 1994-03-28 1998-08-18 Kao Corporation Method for producing detergent particles having high bulk density
EP0919614A1 (fr) * 1997-11-26 1999-06-02 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Procédé de production des compositions détergentes à haute densité
WO1999032599A1 (fr) * 1997-12-19 1999-07-01 Manro Performance Chemicals Limited Procede de production de particules

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8925621D0 (en) * 1989-11-13 1990-01-04 Unilever Plc Process for preparing particulate detergent additive bodies and use thereof in detergent compositions
DE19855381A1 (de) * 1998-12-01 2000-06-08 Henkel Kgaa Tensidmischung in fester Form zum Einsatz als Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3775331A (en) * 1970-12-22 1973-11-27 Colgate Palmolive Co Manufacture of enzyme spheres
US4970017A (en) * 1985-04-25 1990-11-13 Lion Corporation Process for production of granular detergent composition having high bulk density
EP0390287A2 (fr) * 1989-03-29 1990-10-03 Unilever N.V. Additif détergent sous forme de particules, préparation et utilisation dans des compositions détergentes
US5795856A (en) * 1994-03-28 1998-08-18 Kao Corporation Method for producing detergent particles having high bulk density
EP0919614A1 (fr) * 1997-11-26 1999-06-02 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Procédé de production des compositions détergentes à haute densité
WO1999032599A1 (fr) * 1997-12-19 1999-07-01 Manro Performance Chemicals Limited Procede de production de particules

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008015055A1 (fr) * 2006-08-04 2008-02-07 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Agent de nettoyage ou de lavage sous forme de particules

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