WO2002101413A1 - Capteur quantitatif de faisceau de particules - Google Patents

Capteur quantitatif de faisceau de particules Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002101413A1
WO2002101413A1 PCT/JP2002/005652 JP0205652W WO02101413A1 WO 2002101413 A1 WO2002101413 A1 WO 2002101413A1 JP 0205652 W JP0205652 W JP 0205652W WO 02101413 A1 WO02101413 A1 WO 02101413A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
scintillation
particle beam
plastic
tube
quantitative
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2002/005652
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Akiyo Shigematsu
Akiko Hatori
Jouji Yui
Takayuki Kaburagi
Original Assignee
Institute Of Whole Body Metabolism
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Institute Of Whole Body Metabolism filed Critical Institute Of Whole Body Metabolism
Publication of WO2002101413A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002101413A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
    • G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
    • G01T1/203—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors the detector being made of plastics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a particle beam quantitative detector for quantitatively detecting, in all directions (4 ⁇ ), the transmitted energy of a particle beam emitted by a radioisotope along with its collapse.
  • detectors widely used as electron beam detectors can be roughly divided into the following two methods in principle.
  • One is to guide the emitted electron beam into an inert gas molecule and read the ionization number of the gas molecule caused by the passage of the electron beam under high voltage as a change in voltage or current.
  • the electron beam is guided directly to the fluorescent material, the energy of the electron beam is given to the fluorescent molecule, and the amount of emitted photons generated by the electron beam is quantitatively detected.
  • Method 1 involves inserting a radionuclide directly into a container filled with an inert gas to serve as a detector, or fixing the nuclide near the detector and allowing the emitted electron beam to enter the enclosure.
  • the second method uses a liquid scintillator that efficiently emits photons by mixing a nuclide and a fluorescent molecule in a molecular state.
  • a detector such as a curimeter that uses a solid scintillator surface to prevent contamination and improves luminous efficiency by approaching nuclides is used.
  • the biggest problem with conventional particle beam quantitative detectors is that it is extremely difficult to quantitatively detect a wide range of electron beam energy with only one detector.
  • the method of incorporating the electron beam emitting nuclide into the inert gas body is suitable for weak energy electron beam emitting nuclides, and the outer tube of the detector is used for the high energy electron beam emitting nuclides.
  • the electron beam collides with the high atomic number elements, such as iron and lead, and secondary bremsstrahlung is generated, which is also added and loses quantitativeness.
  • a liquid scintillation measurement detector cannot expect high-precision quantification for the detection of high-energy electron beams.
  • a gel-type scintillation detector is useful for displaying relative values to a standard source of the same energy, but its quantitativeness is low.
  • the present invention provides a high-precision, quantitative detection of particle beams in a wide energy range, including electron beams in radionuclides having the maximum electron beam energy exceeding l MeV.
  • the aim is to provide a quantitative detector at low cost. Disclosure of the invention
  • the gist of the present invention is a particle beam quantitative detector in which a plurality of plastic scintillation tubes are stacked in a cylindrical shape.
  • the plastic scintillation tube is a tube in which a fluorescent substance is contained in a resin at an equal concentration.
  • the fluorescent substance used preferably emits fluorescence in proportion to the energy intensity of the particle beam.
  • the specific gravity of the plastic scintillation tube is in the range of 1.01 force and 1.50, and it is preferable that the plastic scintillation tube does not cause generation of braking radiation upon passage of the particle beam.
  • a plurality of plastic scintillation tubes are laminated in a cylindrical shape, and it is preferable that the thickness of each plastic scintillation tube is constant. Further, the plastic scintillation tube receives the particle beam and emits fluorescence, and in order to prevent this fluorescence from entering the adjacent plastic scintillation tube, a plastic is used.
  • the light shielding film preferably contains carbon powder.
  • An optical fiber is connected to each plastic scintillation tube in order to take out the fluorescent light emitted from each plastic scintillation tube outside the tube.
  • plastic scintillation tubes can contain photostimulable chemicals that excite monochromatic laser light. Wear. For example, a digital imaging plate manufactured by Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. can be used.
  • a scintillation liquid layer can be used instead of the plastic scintillation tube.
  • the scintillation liquid layer is formed in a cylindrical shape.
  • the scintillation liquid is obtained by dissolving a fluorescent substance in a solvent such as toluene.
  • the fluorescent substance used preferably emits fluorescence in proportion to the energy intensity of the particle beam.
  • a plurality of scintillation liquid layers are stacked in a cylindrical shape, and it is preferable that the thickness of each of the scintillation liquid layers is constant.
  • the scintillation liquid layer receives a particle beam and emits fluorescence.
  • a light shielding film is provided between the scintillation liquid layers.
  • the light shielding film serves as a liquid tank for the scintillation liquid.
  • the light shielding film preferably contains a carbon powder.
  • An optical fiber is connected to each scintillation liquid tank in order to take out the fluorescent light emitted from each scintillation liquid tank outside the tube.
  • the scintillation liquid tank may contain a stimulable chemical substance that excites monochromatic laser light.
  • a digital imaging plate manufactured by Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. can be used.
  • the present invention will be described mainly with respect to a plastic scintillation tube, but the present invention is not limited to this and can be applied to a scintillation liquid layer.
  • the particle beam quantitative detector according to the present invention is formed by stacking a plurality of tubes each having a fixed length made of a highly transparent plastic containing a fluorescent substance (eg, an acrylic resin, a polycarbonate resin, or an epoxy resin) in a cylindrical shape. It is a combination of small to large diameters in a tree-like shape (like Baumkuchen).
  • FIG. 1 shows a conceptual diagram of the particle beam quantitative detector of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a top view and Fig. 3 shows a cross-sectional view.
  • each of the plastic scintillation tubes 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 is about 0.1 mm to 2 mm, and each is configured to have a constant thickness.
  • light shielding films 13, 14, 15, 15 and 16 for light shielding are provided between the tubes.
  • the inner diameter of the plastic scintillation pipe 3 at the innermost part is about 0.5 mm to 2 mm, and the length of the pipe is about 30 mm to 60 mm.
  • a loading hole 2 for loading the particle beam source 1 is provided inside the innermost layer 3 of the plastic scintillation tube. In order to hold the particle beam source 1, the loading hole 2 is loaded with the loading hole filling piles 10, 11.
  • An optical fiber for extracting fluorescent light emitted from the plastic scintillation tube to the outside is connected to the upper or lower part of each plastic scintillation tube.
  • This optical fiber minimizes the loss of light energy, and the other end is connected to a photomultiplier tube having excellent photosensitivity. The light energy transmitted by the photomultiplier tube is converted into an electric signal and converted into a digital quantity as a particle beam. The intensity of the energy is displayed and recorded as a measurement.
  • the locations where the optical fibers are connected are shown in Figs. 1 to 3 at the top two locations of the plastic scintillation tube, respectively, but are not limited thereto.
  • the optical fiber is guided from the upper lid 8 to an external measuring unit.
  • the optical fiber may be connected to the lower part of the plastic scintillation tube.
  • a plurality of plastic scintillation tubes are stacked in a cylindrical shape to assemble a particle beam quantitative detector, and a light shielding film for shielding light is provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the cylinder.
  • This light shielding film prevents light interference between the plastic scintillation tubes.
  • the light shielding film paper, film, sheet, or the like colored black can be used. What is necessary is just to block the fluorescence. In order to shield light more completely, it is better to use a shielding film made by compacting carbon powder. For example, it is obtained by applying carbon powder together with a binder to paper, film, sheet or the like.
  • the physical properties of the compound containing the electron beam emitting nuclide may be any of gas, liquid, and solid, but the measurement sample must be enclosed in a thin sealed plastic cinch (disposable) container. Its size is cylindrical, with an outer diameter of about 0.3 mm to about 10.4 mm, and its length is about 30 to 60 mm.It must be inserted into the innermost tube of the plastic scintillation tube without friction. It is.
  • the outer diameter of the plastic scintillation tube which is the outermost layer of the particle beam quantitative detector, is about 15 mm for the general-purpose type, but the thickness of the shielding is sufficient for the source with the strongest particle beam energy.
  • the outer diameter can prevent leakage from the outside of the particle beam, for example, about 20 mm to 40 mm for 2 MeV or more.
  • the specific gravity of the plastic scintillation tube is 1.0 to 1.50. Are preferred. This is to prevent the generation of bremsstrahlung when the particle beam passes through the plastic scintillation tube.
  • a radiation source is disposed in the innermost layer.
  • the container into which the radiation source is inserted is preferably a cabillary type, and the material thereof must be organic solvent resistant. More preferably, the liquid source is uniformly mixed with the liquid scintillation. By uniformly mixing the liquid scintillation in the source, it is possible to completely quantify a given radiation dose.
  • the particle beam quantitative detector of the present invention is obtained by stacking a plurality of plastic scintillation tubes in a cylindrical shape.
  • Source 1 is placed inside the innermost tube, and its energy is reduced rapidly by passing through the first layer of plastic scintillation tubes, but the source energy absorbed in the first layer is The first layer of plastic scintillation tube converts it to fluorescent energy.
  • the particle beam that has passed through the first layer is absorbed by the plastic scintillation tube of the second layer, the plastic scintillation tube of the third layer, and then the plastic scintillation tube of the outside one after another. It emits proportional fluorescence. Eventually, the intensity of the transmitted particle beam will be zero. By adding the intensity of the fluorescence emitted from each plastic scintillation tube, the radioactivity of the radiation source can be quantitatively detected.
  • the particle beam is transmitted sequentially from the first layer of plastic scintillation tubes to the outer plastic scintillation tubes, converted to fluorescent energy by the plastic scintillation tubes of each layer, and gradually attenuated.
  • the electron beam intensity Can be accurately and quantitatively detected.
  • a light-shielding film is provided between the plurality of scintillation liquid layers.
  • the light-shielding film preferably contains carbon powder.
  • Japanese paper to which carbon powder is adhered is formed into a cylindrical shape, and a plurality of pieces having different diameters are laminated.
  • the bottom of the detector is made of a disc-shaped carbon plate.
  • a Japanese paper containing carbon powder is formed into a cylindrical shape on a disk-shaped carbon plate, and a plurality of papers having different diameters are arranged.
  • the bottoms of the light-shielding films are adhered to the disk-shaped carbon plate with an adhesive.
  • the scintillation liquid is poured between the light shielding films. After filling the scintillation solution, a disc-shaped carbon plate is similarly arranged on the upper portion, and the light shielding film is adhered to the upper lid.
  • Background measurement is indispensable for particle beam quantification by the particle beam quantitative detector of the present invention. Accurate background measurement is a prerequisite for accurate particle dose measurement. In order to measure the background accurately, it is preferable to use a non-fluorescent scintillation tube composed of a multilayer coating of cellulose acetate. The background can be measured under conditions in which the scintillation liquid is not mixed in the central radiation source.Scintillation tubes made of other resins such as acrylic resin, epoxy resin, etc. Difficulty measuring the ground. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
  • Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the concept of the particle beam quantitative detector of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the particle beam quantitative detector from above
  • Fig. 3 is a diagram showing a cross section of the particle beam quantitative detector.
  • Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a spectrum of radiation measurement
  • Fig. 5 is a diagram showing a spectrum of radiation measurement
  • Fig. 6 is a diagram of radiation measurement spectrum.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a spectrum
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a spectrum of radiation measurement
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a measurement result when a scintillation solution is used for a detector and no scintillation solution is supplied to a radiation source.
  • Fig. 8 is a diagram showing a measurement result when a scintillation solution is used for a detector and no scintillation solution is supplied to a radiation source.
  • Fig. 8 is a diagram showing a measurement result when a scintillation solution
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the measurement results when a plastic scintillation tube is used for the detector and a scintillation liquid is filled in the radiation source
  • Fig. 10 is a diagram showing an example of creating an EFFICIENCY TRACING CURVE. .
  • 1 is a particle beam source
  • 2 is a source loading hole
  • 3 is a first layer of a plastic scintillation tube
  • 4 is a second layer of a plastic scintillation tube
  • 5 is a third layer of a plastic scintillation tube
  • 6 is the fourth layer of the plastic scintillation tube
  • 7 is the fifth layer of the plastic scintillation tube
  • 8 is the top cover
  • 9 is the bottom cover
  • 10, 11 is the loading hole filling pile
  • Reference numeral 13 denotes the first layer of the light shielding film
  • 14 denotes the second layer of the light shielding film
  • 15 denotes the third layer of the light shielding film
  • 16 denotes the fourth layer of the light shielding film.
  • plastic scintillation tubes Five layers of plastic scintillation tubes were cylindrically stacked to form a particle beam quantitative detector. As shown in FIG. 1, a loading hole 2 for accommodating a radiation source is provided. From the inside, 3 to 7 plastic scintillation tubes are arranged. The thickness of the tube was about 0.1 mm to 2 mm, and the thickness of each plastic scintillation detection tube, which is multilayered, was the same.
  • the plastic scintillation tube is a plastic tube formed by mixing a fluorescent agent that emits light in proportion to the particle dose, and has a specific gravity in the range of 1.0 to 1.50. It is assumed that bremsstrahlung will not be generated. The vertical length of the tube is in the range of 3 to 5 inches.
  • the table below shows an example of the composition of the plastic scintillation tube.
  • Light shielding films 13 to 16 were provided between the plastic scintillation tubes.
  • connection points 12 and 12 ′ for connecting optical fibers are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of each tube.
  • An upper lid 8 and a lower lid 9 with a thickness of 10 to 15 mm are attached so that the radiation of the particle beam from the radiation source to be mounted does not reach the upper and lower surfaces of the particle beam quantitative detector. .
  • the surface where each plastic scintillation tube contacts the upper lid and the lower lid is covered with a light shielding film so that all irregular reflection of light is absorbed.
  • the loading hole filling pile 10 is inserted from above and the loading hole filling pile 11 is inserted from below.
  • the loaded pile also serves to hold the source.
  • the fluorescent light generated by absorbing the radiation energy in the plastic scintillation tube is guided to each optical fiber via one optical fiber attachment point attached to the upper surface of the tube, and reaches the measuring section. You. The energy of the radiation is measured by the measuring unit.
  • the content of the scintillation liquid was prepared at a weight ratio of POPO 0.15, DP 03.00, toluene 100, and dioxane 200.
  • a light shielding film was provided between each layer of each plastic scintillation tube, and the mutual interference of the fluorescent light emitted from each layer was reduced to zero.
  • the following experiment was performed using this detector.
  • Yttrium-90 which has a maximum range of 2.28 MeV, is produced as a daughter nucleus of strontium-90, an electron beam nuclide.
  • chloride of yttrium-90 is a radionuclide Kiyaryafuri from the top of the generator column 90Sr gradually 2N hydrochloric acid to give 9 ° YC1 3 of 1 Ci of (370kBq).
  • This radioactive liquid was enclosed in a plastic chip and sealed to form a yttrium 90 radiation source.
  • the detector body is between the plastic scintillation tube and each tube- Further, light shielding films are provided above and below the detector. This light shielding film prevents mutual interference of the fluorescent light emitted from each plastic scintillation tube. Since each plastic scintillation tube is independent from the viewpoint of emission of fluorescent light, each plastic scintillation tube is separately connected to an optical fiber, the tip is connected to a photomultiplier tube, and further, It is connected to a digital pixel with only one photoelectron via a circuit. Then read the short energy with a short time constant. The results are shown in FIGS.
  • Figure 4 shows the measurement results using a plastic scintillation tube for the third layer.
  • the measurement conditions of the scintillation counter were a gain of 14 C channels (0-100), a vertical axis of the recording graph having a maximum of 5 ⁇ 10 3 cpm, and a horizontal axis having a maximum of 100 channels.
  • the radius of the entire detector was 25 mm and the height was 35 mm.
  • Aloka LSC-1 000 was used as the measuring device, and the external shape of the liquid scintillation vial was matched.
  • the amount of fluorescence received in channel 0-100 was measured for 0.2 minutes, and the peak of the spectrum was 7.4 channels at the highest concentration of 520,000 counts.
  • the third layer also had a sufficiently high peak, indicating that the electron beam energy of yttrium-90 was high.
  • Figure 5 shows the measurement results using a plastic scintillation tube for the fourth layer.
  • the amount of fluorescence received in the 0-100 channel was measured for 0.2 minutes, and the maximum concentration was 170,000 counts, and the peak of the spectrum at that time was 11.4 channels.
  • Figure 6 shows the measurement results using a plastic scintillation tube for the fifth layer. After counting for 0.2 minutes, the count was zero and the peak height of the spectrum was zero. Plastic for each of Tier 4 and Tier 5 The result of using a liquid scintillation tube was similarly measured with a liquid scintillation power monitor, and showed a background value.
  • Fig. 7 shows the measurement results using plastic scintillation tubes for all five layers. That is, 3 ⁇ L of scintillation liquid and 3 L of yttrium 90 radiation source were inserted into the center of the detector in a plastic cavitary, and measured with a liquid scintillation counter for 0.2 minutes. Scintis vector. Compared with the scintillation vectors of Experiment 2 to Experiment 5 where only one plastic scintillation tube was used for the first to fifth layers and the others were measured with a detector using a plastic tube, the first in the AUC was Although it was close to the value of the layer alone, the channel value that reached the first peak was close to the spectrum, but showed a shoulder in the latter half.
  • the height of the peak was lower than that of the first layer. Even if the channel was limited to 0 to 150, most of the fluorescence was captured by the photomultiplier tube.
  • the gain of the liquid scintillation counter was further extended from 150 channels to ⁇ , and the fluorescence excited by radiation between 150 and ⁇ was measured to be only 50,000 cpm. This is from 0 to: It is only slightly less than 7% against 720,000 cpm between L 50 channels.
  • the carbon 14 radiator and liquid which are the prerequisites for measuring the “theoretical antilog value” by the efficiency tracer method built in the new liquid scintillation measurement device, are required.
  • the scintillator it is necessary to obtain a channel (gain) of l O OkeV level obtained in the phosphor mixture.
  • l O OkeV level channel (gain) is shown in the text as the radionuclide as the radionuclide loaded on the central axis of the detector. This is achieved by mixing a fluorescent compound (POP OP and DP O) with a prescribed formulation and thus with a scintillation liquid dissolved in a solvent such as toluene.
  • the fluorescent compound (POP OP) shown in the main text is applied to the plastic scintillator constituting the cylindrical portion from the first layer to the fourth layer surrounding the central axis in the main body of the detector (Fig. 1).
  • the channel (gain) can also be increased by exchanging DPO) with a scintillation solution dissolved in a solvent such as toluene according to a prescribed formula.
  • the light generated from the mixed part of the radionuclide and the liquid scintillator in the central axis can obtain sufficiently high wave light applicable to the efficient tracer method.
  • the scintillation liquid was used instead of the plastic scintillation from the first layer to the fourth layer surrounding the central axis. Even in such cases, high-wavelength light is not generated throughout, and the efficiency tracer method may not be applicable.
  • the experimental data is described below in detail.
  • the outer wall of the capillary type detection container was made of a thin organic solvent-resistant plastic, and the inner and outer walls were provided with light shielding films.
  • the measuring instrument used was Aloka LS C-6100, which has an efficiency tracer calculation function. The same one used in No. 1 was used.
  • the upper and lower lids were sealed with a plastic scintillation tube using a 10 mm thick carbon sheet to prevent leakage of the scintillation liquid. These external shapes were cylindrical and could be installed in the measuring device detection section.
  • Figure 8 shows the measurement results for Case A
  • Figure 9 shows the measurement results for Case B.
  • Figure 8 shows the relationship between the measured radioactivity and the additional voltage of the measuring instrument in this experiment. That is, when the additional voltage of the measuring instrument was set on the horizontal axis and the radioactive count value was measured for each channel, a high count value was shown near 1.6 KeV, but the count value was obtained for channels from 9.4 KeV to 50 KeV. could not be done. Since the obtained waveform is close to the pulse height distribution of liquid scintillation counter measurement of hydrogen 3, the efficiency tracer method (a DPM value can be automatically corrected) which is a new function of the measuring instrument Alika LS C-600 is used. It proved to be difficult to use the measurement.
  • the present invention completely escapes from such a region of the semi-quantitative measurement detector and makes the spectrum from soft 0 rays to strong ⁇ rays visible.
  • the energy of the electron beam emitted from radionuclides covers a wide range from zero to the maximum level.
  • the energy of the electron beam transmitted through the aluminum absorption plate can be measured, but a method of directly measuring the energy absorbed by the thickness as a visible light emission amount has not been found.
  • a radiation source is disposed inside the innermost layer of a plastic scintillation tube constituting a detector, and the radiated particle energy absorbed by the plastic scintillation illuminant of each layer is individually separated by an optical fiber.
  • the present invention provides a particle beam quantitative detector for receiving a photomultiplier tube, amplifying it, and creating a quantitative energy spectrum of the particle beam.
  • the effect of the particle beam quantitative detector of the present invention is that, first, it is possible to quantitatively detect electron beam energy over a wide range with one detector. Moreover, it enables highly accurate quantification that could not be expected even with the conventional liquid scintillation measurement detector.
  • the present invention provides a particle beam quantitative detector capable of accurately and quantitatively detecting a particle beam in a wide energy range, including an electron beam in a radionuclide having a maximum value of electron beam energy exceeding l MeV, It is provided at a low cost. Therefore, in addition to being extremely superior to the conventional 3-channel automatic liquid scintillation counter, the conventional liquid scintillation counter uses a large amount of scintillation liquid for each measurement and Disposal of waste is far superior to that raised as an environmental issue.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un capteur quantitatif de faisceau de particules bon marché destiné à déterminer la quantité d'énergie d'un faisceau de particules de façon précise dans une large gamme d'énergie, telle qu'un faisceau d'électrons provenant d'un nucléide radioactif possédant une énergie de faisceau d'électrons maximum supérieure à 1 MeV. Le capteur quantitatif de faisceau de particules est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une structure à plusieurs tubes dans laquelle plusieurs tubes de scintillation plastique ou couches liquides de scintillation sont coaxialement imbriqués. Des films pare-lumière sont placés entre les tubes de scintillation plastique ou les couches liquides de scintillation au niveau de leur partie supérieure et inférieure de manière à prévenir la fluorescence émise lorsqu'un faisceau de particules entre dans des tubes de scintillation plastique ou empêche une couche liquide de scintillation d'entrer dans les tubes de scintillation plastique adjacents ou des couches liquides de scintillation.
PCT/JP2002/005652 2001-06-12 2002-06-07 Capteur quantitatif de faisceau de particules WO2002101413A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP2001176647 2001-06-12
JP2001-176647 2001-06-12

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006089991A1 (fr) * 2005-02-25 2006-08-31 Universidad De Barcelona Detecteur radiochimique de fluides

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5417788A (en) * 1977-06-01 1979-02-09 Fiz Tekhn I Im Ei Efu Iofue Ak Ionization radiation detector
JPS61160079A (ja) * 1985-01-09 1986-07-19 Hitachi Ltd ベ−タ核種分析装置
JPS6244289U (fr) * 1985-09-05 1987-03-17
JPS63118683A (ja) * 1986-11-07 1988-05-23 Aloka Co Ltd 液体シンチレ−シヨンカウンタ
JPH06306358A (ja) * 1993-04-23 1994-11-01 Fujitsu Ltd 輝尽性蛍光体の製造方法
JPH09318757A (ja) * 1996-05-31 1997-12-12 Toshiba Corp 放射線検出器
JPH11166976A (ja) * 1997-12-04 1999-06-22 Hitachi Medical Corp Ｘ線検出器及びｘ線ｃｔ装置
JPH11202053A (ja) * 1997-12-08 1999-07-30 General Electric Co <Ge> 放射線イメージング装置

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5417788A (en) * 1977-06-01 1979-02-09 Fiz Tekhn I Im Ei Efu Iofue Ak Ionization radiation detector
JPS61160079A (ja) * 1985-01-09 1986-07-19 Hitachi Ltd ベ−タ核種分析装置
JPS6244289U (fr) * 1985-09-05 1987-03-17
JPS63118683A (ja) * 1986-11-07 1988-05-23 Aloka Co Ltd 液体シンチレ−シヨンカウンタ
JPH06306358A (ja) * 1993-04-23 1994-11-01 Fujitsu Ltd 輝尽性蛍光体の製造方法
JPH09318757A (ja) * 1996-05-31 1997-12-12 Toshiba Corp 放射線検出器
JPH11166976A (ja) * 1997-12-04 1999-06-22 Hitachi Medical Corp Ｘ線検出器及びｘ線ｃｔ装置
JPH11202053A (ja) * 1997-12-08 1999-07-30 General Electric Co <Ge> 放射線イメージング装置

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
KNOLL GLENN F.: "Radiation detection and measurement", 1999, JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., XP002955627 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006089991A1 (fr) * 2005-02-25 2006-08-31 Universidad De Barcelona Detecteur radiochimique de fluides
ES2258932A1 (es) * 2005-02-25 2006-09-01 Universidad De Barcelona Sensor radioquimico para fluidos.
EP1860464A1 (fr) * 2005-02-25 2007-11-28 Universidad De Barcelona Detecteur radiochimique de fluides
EP1860464A4 (fr) * 2005-02-25 2013-09-18 Sanz Alex Tarancon Detecteur radiochimique de fluides

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