Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
  • A61K8/731—Cellulose; Quaternized cellulose derivatives
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
  • A61K8/34—Alcohols
  • A61K8/342—Alcohols having more than seven atoms in an unbroken chain
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
  • A61K8/39—Derivatives containing from 2 to 10 oxyalkylene groups
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
  • A61K8/42—Amides
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
  • A61Q5/12—Preparations containing hair conditioners
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
  • A61K2800/54—Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties
  • A61K2800/542—Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties characterized by the charge
  • A61K2800/5422—Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties characterized by the charge nonionic
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
  • A61K2800/54—Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties
  • A61K2800/542—Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties characterized by the charge
  • A61K2800/5426—Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties characterized by the charge cationic

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a hair conditioning composition containing a cellulose polymer.
• shampooing cleans the hair by removing excess soil and sebum.
• shampooing can leave the hair in a wet, tangled, and generally unmanageable state. Once the hair dries, it is often left in a dry, rough, lusterless, or frizzy condition due to removal of the hair's natural oils and other natural conditioning and moisturizing components.
• the hair can further be left with increased levels of static upon drying, which can interfere with combing and result in a condition commonly referred to as "fly-away hair", or contribute to an undesirable phenomena of "split ends", particularly for long hair.
• hair conditioners such as leave-on and rinse-off products
• Conditioning formulations can be in the form of rinse-off products or leave-on products, and can be in the form of an emulsion, cream, gel, spray, and mousse.
• Such consumers who prefer the conventional conditioner formulations value the relatively higher conditioning effect, or convenience of changing the amount of conditioning depending on the condition of hair or amount of hair.
• a common method of providing conditioning benefit to the hair is through the use of hair conditioning agents such as cationic surfactants and polymers, high melting point fatty compounds, low melting point oils, silicone compounds, and mixtures thereof. Most of these conditioning agents are known to provide various conditioning benefits such as moisturized feel, softness, and static control to the hair.
• hair conditioning agents such as cationic surfactants and polymers, high melting point fatty compounds, low melting point oils, silicone compounds, and mixtures thereof.
• Most of these conditioning agents are known to provide various conditioning benefits such as moisturized feel, softness, and static control to the hair.
• Hair conditioning compositions comprising the conditioning agent described above, can provide conditioning benefits such as softness and moisturized feel on dry hair, however, also weigh down the hair.
• the weighed down hair gives an appearance of reduced bulk hair volume.
• hair volume-up is not equal to fly-away hair. Fly-away hair is due to the increased level of static, and represents volume increase of only very minor amount of the hair as a whole, and is not desirable.
• hair volume-up as used herein relates to increase of the bulk of the hair volume. Consumers having fine hair have the desire to achieve hair volume-up while controlling undesirable fly-away of the hair.
• hair conditioning compositions which provide improved moisturizing benefit to achieve hair volume down as well as other conditioning benefit.
• hair volume down as used herein relates to decrease of bulk hair volume, for example, relates to reduced hair expansion.
• hair conditioning compositions which provide hair volume control benefit such as hair volume up and hair volume down, while providing conditioning benefits such as softness, moisturized feel, and fly-away control.
• the present invention is directed to a hair conditioning composition
• a hair conditioning composition comprising by weight: (a) from about 0.001 % to about 5% of a cellulose polymer having a molecular weight of from about 10,000 to about 10,000,000;
• the hair conditioning composition of the present invention comprises:
• composition of the present invention can provide hair volume control benefit such as hair volume up and hair volume down, while providing conditioning benefits such as softness, moisturized feel, and fly-away control.
• composition (Composition A) comprises by weight:
• cellulose polymer (a) from about 0.001 % to about 5% of the cellulose polymer, preferably the cellulose polymer selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobically modified cationic cellulose; a hydrophobically modified cellulose ether; a copolymer of hydrophilic-cellulose units and diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride units; Polyquaternium-10; guar derivatives; and mixtures thereof;
• a cationic surfactant comprising: an amidoamine and an acid; and a dialkyl dimethyl ammonium salt;
• composition A further comprises a polypropylene glycol.
• Composition A may further contain a silicone compound.
• Composition A can provide hair volume control benefit such as hair volume up and hair volume down, while providing other conditioning benefits.
• composition A can provide a translucent composition. Translucent appearance of a conditioner may be aesthetically favorable to the consumers, further, such appearance is suitable for adding various aesthetic materials such as mica and titanium dioxide to further enhance aesthetics.
• the combination of an amidoamine and an acid is included in the composition at a level of, preferably from about 0.6% to about 1.8%, more preferably from about 0.9% to about 1.6%, by weight of the composition; and (ii) a dialkyl dimethyl ammonium salt is included in the composition at a level of, preferably from about 0.1 % to about 1.5%, more preferably from about 0.25% to about 1.25%, by weight of the composition.
• the composition may provide hair volume down benefit.
• composition A of the present invention is due to a specific gel matrix provided by the cationic surfactant comprising: dialkyl dimethyl ammonium salts and the combination of amidoamines and acids, together with high melting point fatty compounds and aqueous carrier.
• Compositions made by other cationic surfactants such as (i) the single use of dialkyl dimethyl ammonium salts, (ii) the single use of the combination of amidoamines and acids, and (iii) the single use of monoalkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, are known to be opaque.
• the specific gel matrix of composition A is different in structure from gel matrixes providing opaque compositions.
• cellulose polymers also help provide a translucent composition.
• composition B comprises by weight: (a) from about 0.001 % to about 5% of the cellulose polymer, preferably the cellulose polymer comprising a hydrophobically modified cationic cellulose; (b) from about 0.01 % to about 10% of a cationic surfactant comprising an amidoamine and an acid; (c) from about 0.01 % to about 15% of a high melting point fatty compound having a melting point of 25°C or higher;
• composition B further comprises a polypropylene glycol.
• the cellulose polymer further comprises a hydrophilic cellulose polymer in addition to the hydrophobically modified cationic cellulose.
• Composition B can provide hair volume control benefit, especially hair volume-up benefit, in addition to other conditioning benefits. Furthermore, composition B can provide improved wet feel such as slippery and slick feel, and easiness to comb on wet hair.
• the hair conditioning composition of the present invention comprises a cellulose polymer.
• the cellulose polymers useful herein provide hair volume control benefit while not deteriorating conditioning benefits such as fly-away control.
• the cellulose polymers useful herein are those having a molecular weight of from about 10,000 to about 10,000,000, preferably from about 10,000 to about 5,000,000, more preferably from about 10,000 to about 2,000,000.
• the cellulose polymers useful herein are included in the hair conditioning composition of the present invention at a level by weight of from about 0.001 % to about 5%, preferably from about 0.01 % to about 2.0%, more preferably from about 0.05% to about 1.0%.
• the cellulose polymers useful herein can be cationic, nonionic, or anionic.
• the cellulose polymers useful herein can be hydrophobically modified or non- hydrophobically modified.
• Preferred cellulose polymers are cationic or nonionic, and/or hydrophobically modified.
• the cellulose polymers useful herein include, for example, acacia gum, algin, alginic acid, arabia gum, carob gum, carrageenan, cellulose gum, cetyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, chondoitin sulfate, cocodimonium hydroxypropyloxyethylcellulose, ethyl cellulose, guar gum, guar hydroxytrimonium chloride, guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, hydroxybutyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl ethylcellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl guar, hydroxypropyl guar hydroxypropyl trimonium chloride, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, karaya gum, laurdimonium hydroxypropyl oxyethyl cellulose, locust bean gum, methyl cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, nitro cellulose, nonoxy
• cellulose polymers useful herein include, for example, polysaccharide derivatives such as aluminum starch octenyl succinate, comstarch, and distarch phosphate.
• the cellulose polymers are selected from the group consisting of: hydrophobically modified cationic celluloses such as Polyquaternium 24;.
• hydrophobically modified cellulose ethers such as cetyl hydroxyethylcellulose; a copolymer of hydrophilic-cellulose units and diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride units such as Polyquaternium-4; a polymeric quaternary ammonium salt of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with a trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide such as Polyquaternium-10; guar derivatives such as guar hydroxytrimonium chloride, guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, hydroxypropyl guar, and hydroxypropyl guar hydroxypropyl trimonium chloride; and mixtures thereof.
• Hydrophilic cellulose polymers are preferably used in composition B, together with the above preferred cellulose polymers.
• the hydrophilic cellulose useful herein includes, for example, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxybuthyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl ethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl methylcellulose, hydroxyethyl ethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl ehtylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and hydroxybutyl ethylcellulose.
• hydrophobically modified cationic celluloses useful in the present invention are those having the following formula:
• R ⁇ is an alkyl having from about 8 to about 22 carbons, preferably from about 10 to about 18 carbons; n is an integer from 1 to about 35,000, preferably from about 100 to about 8,000; x is 0 or an integer from 1 to about 6, preferably from about 1 to about 3; and y is the level of cationic substitution from 0.1 to 1.0.
• the hydrophobically modified cationic celluloses useful herein must have a molecular weight of from about 50 ; 000 to about 10,000,000, preferably from about 200,000 to about 2,000,000.
• hydrophobically modified cationic celluloses include, for example, the polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with lauryl dimethyl ammonium-substituted epoxide, referred to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquatemium 24, available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, NJ, USA) under the tradename Polymer LM-200®.
• the hydrophobically modified cellulose ethers useful herein comprise a hydrophilic cellulose backbone and a hydrophobic substitution group.
• the hydrophilic cellulose backbone has a sufficient degree of nonionic substitution to cellulose to be water soluble.
• Such hydrophilic cellulose backbone is selected from the group consisting of methyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl ethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxybutyl cellulose, and mixtures thereof.
• the amount of nonionic substitution is not critical, so long as there is an amount sufficient to assure that the hydrophilic cellulose backbone is water soluble.
• the hydrophilic cellulose backbone has a molecular weight of about less than 1 ,000,000, preferably from about 20,000 to about 700,000, or from about 75 D. P. to about 2500 D. P. Further, where a high viscosity building effect is not desirable, a lower molecular weight cellulose backbone is preferred.
• One of the preferred hydrophilic cellulose backbone is hydroxyethyl cellulose having a molecular weight of from about 50,000 to about 700,000. Hydroxyethyl cellulose of this molecular weight is known to be one of the most hydrophilic of the materials contemplated. Thus, hydroxyethyl cellulose can be modified to a greater extent than other hydrophilic cellulose backbones.
• the hydrophilic cellulose backbone is further substituted with a hydrophobic substitution group via an ether linkage to render the hydrophobically modified cellulose ether to have less than 1 % water solubility, preferably less than 0.2% water solubility.
• the hydrophobic substitution group is selected from a straight or branched chain alkyl group of from about 10 to about 22 carbons; wherein the ratio of the hydrophilic groups in the hydrophilic cellulose backbone to the hydrophobic substitution group being from about 2:1 to about 1000:1 , preferably from about 10:1 to about 100:1.
• hydrophobically modified cellulose ethers useful herein include: cetyl hydroxyethylcellulose having tradenames NATROSOL PLUS 330CS and POLYSURF 67, both available from Aqualon Company, Del, USA, having cetyl group substitution of about 0.4% to about 0.65% by weight of the entire polymer.
• Copolymer of hydrophilic-cellulose and diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride having tradenames NATROSOL PLUS 330CS and POLYSURF 67, both available from Aqualon Company, Del, USA, having cetyl group substitution of about 0.4% to about 0.65% by weight of the entire polymer.
• copolymers of hydrophilic-cellulose and diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride useful herein are those having hydrophilic-cellulose units and diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride units, the hydrophilic cellulose units selected from the group consisting of methyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl ethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxybutyl cellulose, and mixtures thereof, preferably hydroxyethylcellulose.
• the ratio of the number of the hydrophilic- cellulose units to the diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride units comprised in the copolymer is from about 1 :100 to about 10:1 , preferably from about 1 :10 to about 10:1 , more preferably from about 1 :3 to about 5:1 , still preferably from about 1 :1 to about 3:1 , and wherein the molecular weight of the copolymer is from about 10,000 to about 250,000, preferably from about 15,000 to about 200,000.
• the hydrophilic-cellulose units are contained at a range of from about 40 to about 350, and the diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride units are contained at a range of from about 40 to about 120.
• hydroxyethylcellulose diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride copolymers known in the industry as Polyquaternium-4 (CTFA Dictionary).
• CTFA Dictionary Commercially available hydroxyethylcellulose diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride copolymers are those with tradenames CELQUAT L-200 and CELQUAT H-100 available from National Starch Corp.
• the hair conditioning composition of the present invention comprises a cationic surfactant.
• the cationic surfactant together with a high melting point fatty compound and an aqueous carrier, provide a gel network which is suitable for providing various conditioning benefits such as slippery and slick feel on wet hair, and softness, moisturized feel, and fly-away control on dry hair.
• the composition of the present invention is substantially free of certain components such as of anionic surfactants and anionic polymers, since the gel matrix may become unstable or, at worst, become destroyed in the presence of such components.
• cationic surfactants comprising amidoamines and acids are preferably used in the composition of the present invention in view of providing conditioning benefits such as softness, moisturized feel, and fly-away control, as described above.
• Dialkyl dimethyl ammonium salts are also preferably used together with the cationic surfactants comprising amidoamines and acids, in view of providing translucency to the composition in addition to the conditioning benefits described above.
• the cationic surfactant useful herein is any known to the artisan, and can be included in the composition at a level by weight of, preferably from about 0.01 % to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 8%, still more preferably from about 0.5 to about 5%, by weight of the composition.
• cationic surfactants useful herein are those corresponding to the general formula (I):
• R1 , R2, R3, and R ⁇ is selected from an aliphatic group of from 8 to 30 carbon atoms or an aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamido, hydroxyalkyl, aryl or alkylaryl group having up to about 22 carbon atoms
• the remainder of R ⁇ , R2, R3, and R4 are independently selected from an aliphatic group of from 1 to about 22 carbon atoms or an aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamido, hydroxyalkyl, aryl or alkylaryl group having up to about 22 carbon atoms
• X is a salt-forming anion such as those selected from halogen, (e.g.
• the aliphatic groups can contain, in addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms, ether linkages, and other groups such as amino groups.
• the longer chain aliphatic groups e.g., those of about 12 carbons, or higher, can be saturated or unsaturated.
• R1 , R2, R3, and R4 are independently selected from C ⁇ to about C22 alkyl-
• Nonlimiting examples of cationic surfactants useful in the present invention include the materials having the following CTFA designations: quatemium-8, quaternium-14, quaternium-18, quaternium-18 methosulfate, quaternium-24, and mixtures thereof.
• cationic surfactants of general formula (I) preferred are those containing in the molecule at least one alkyl chain having at least 16 carbons.
• Nonlimiting examples of such preferred cationic surfactants include: behenyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, hydrogenated tallow alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dialkyl (14-18) dimethyl ammonium chloride, ditallow alkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dihydrogenated tallow alkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dicetyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, di(behenyl/arachidyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride, dibehenyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, stearyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, stearyl propyleneglycol phosphate dimethyl ammonium chloride, stearoyl amidopropyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, stearoyl amidopropyl dimethyl (myristylacetate) ammonium chloride, and N-(stearoyl colamin
• dialkyl dimethyl ammonium salts are preferably contained in composition A of the present invention.
• Dialkyl dimethyl ammonium salts useful herein are those having two long alkyl chains having from 8 to 30 carbons, preferably from 12 to 22 carbons.
• dialkyl dimethyl ammonium salts useful herein include, for example, dialkyl (14-18) dimethyl ammonium chloride, ditallow alkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dihydrogenated tallow alkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dicetyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, di(behenyl/arachidyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride, and dibehenyl dimethyl ammonium chloride.
• dialkyl (14-18) dimethyl ammonium chloride ditallow alkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dihydrogenated tallow alkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dicetyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, di(behenyl/arachidyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride, and dibehenyl dimethyl ammonium chloride.
• distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride preferred is distearyl dimethyl ammoni
• hydrophilically substituted cationic surfactants in which at least one of the substituents contain one or more aromatic, ether, ester, amido, or amino moieties present as substituents or as linkages in the radical chain, wherein at least one of the R ⁇ - R ⁇ radicals contain one or more hydrophilic moieties selected from alkoxy (preferably C-j - C3 alkoxy), polyoxyalkylene (preferably C ⁇
• the hydrophilically substituted cationic conditioning surfactant contains from 2 to about 10 nonionic hydrophile moieties located within the above stated ranges.
• Preferred hydrophilically substituted cationic surfactants include those of the formula (II) through (VIII) below:
• n is from 8 to about 28, x+y is from 2 to about 40, Z " 1 is a short chain alkyl, preferably a C «
• R ⁇ , R6, and R ⁇ are independently an Ci - C30 alkyl, the remainder are CH2CH2OH, one or two of R ⁇ , R9, and R ⁇ O are independently an C-j - C30 alkyl, and remainder are CH2CH2OH, and X is a salt forming anion as mentioned above;
• Z 2 is an alkyl, preferably a C- - C3 alkyl, more preferably methyl, and Z3 is a short chain hydroxyalkyl, preferably hydroxymethyl or hydroxyethyl, p and q independently are integers from 2 to 4, inclusive, preferably from 2 to 3, inclusive, more preferably 2, R11 and R1 , independently, are substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyls, preferably C-j 2 - C20 a ' or alkenyl, and X is a salt forming anion as defined above;
• R13 J S a hydrocarbyl, preferably a C-j - C3 alkyl, more preferably methyl, Z4 and Z are, independently, short chain hydrocarbyls, preferably C2 - C4 alkyl or alkenyl, more preferably ethyl, a is from 2 to about 40, preferably from about 7 to about 30, and X is a salt forming anion as defined above;
• R ⁇ 4 and R ⁇ S independently, are C-j - C3 alkyl, preferably methyl
• Z ⁇ is a C12 - C22 hydrocarbyl, alkyl carboxy or alkylamido
• A is a protein, preferably a collagen, keratin, milk protein, silk, soy protein, wheat protein, or hydrolyzed forms thereof
• X is a salt forming anion as defined above;
• Nonlimiting examples of hydrophilically substituted cationic surfactants useful in the present invention include the materials having the following CTFA designations: quatemium-16, quaternium-26, quatemium-27, quaternium-30, quatemium-33, quaternium-43, quaternium-52, quatemium-53, quaternium-56, quaternium-60, quaternium-61 , quatemium-62, quatemium-70, quatemium-71 , quatemium-72, quaternium-75, quaternium-76 hydrolyzed collagen, quatemium-77, quatemium- 78, quaternium-79 hydrolyzed collagen, quaternium-79 hydrolyzed keratin, quaternium-79 hydrolyzed
• hydrophilically substituted cationic surfactants include dialkylamido ethyl hydroxyethylmonium salt, dialkylamidoethyl dimonium salt, dialkyloyl ethyl hydroxyethylmonium salt, dialkyloyl ethyldimonium salt, and mixtures thereof; for example, commerically available under the following tradenames; VARISOFT 110, VARIQUAT K1215 and 638 from Witco Chemical, MACKPRO KLP, MACKPRO WLW, MACKPRO MLP, MACKPRO NSP, MACKPRO NLW, MACKPRO WWP, MACKPRO NLP, MACKPRO SLP from Mclntyre, ETHOQUAD 18/25, ETHOQUAD O/12PG, ETHOQUAD C/25, ETHOQUAD S/25, and ETHODUOQUAD from Akzo, DEHYQUAT SP from Henkel, and ATLAS G265 from ICI Americas.
• Salts of primary, secondary, and tertiary fatty amines are also suitable cationic surfactants.
• the alkyl groups of such amines preferably have from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, and can be substituted or unsubstituted.
• Particularly useful are amidoamines of the following general formula:
• Preferred amidoamine useful in the present invention includes stearamidopropyldimethylamine, stearamidopropyldiethylamine, stearamidoethyldiethylamine, stearamidoethyldimethylamine, palmitamidopropyldimethylamine, palmitamidopropyldiethylamine, palmitamidoethyldiethylamine, palmitamidoethyldimethylamine, behenamidopropyldimethylamine, behenamidopropyldiethylamine, behenamidoethyldiethyiamine, behenamidoethyldimethylamine, arachidamidopropyldi
• amidoamines herein are preferably used in combination with acids selected from the group consisting of L-giutamic acid, lactic acid, hydrochloric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, acetic acid, fumaric acid, L-glutamic acid hydrochloride, tartaric acid, citric acid, and mixtures thereof; preferably L-glutamic acid, lactic acid, hydrochloric acid, and mixtures thereof.
• the mole ratio of amidoamine to acid is from about 1 :0.3 to about 1 :1 , more preferably from about 1 :0.5 to about 1 :0.9.
• Such combinations of amidoamines and acids are preferably contained in the compositions of the present invention.
• the hair conditioning composition of the present invention comprises a high melting point fatty compound.
• the high melting fatty compound together with a cationic surfactant and an aqueous carrier, provide a gel matrix which is suitable for providing various conditioning benefits such as slippery and slick feel on wet hair, and softness, moisturized feel, and fly-away control on dry hair.
• the high melting point fatty compound useful herein have a melting point of 25°C or higher, and is selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohols, fatty acids, fatty alcohol derivatives, fatty acid derivatives, and mixtures thereof.
• the compounds disclosed in this section of the specification can in some instances fall into more than one classification, e.g., some fatty alcohol derivatives can also be classified as fatty acid derivatives.
• a given classification is not intended to be a limitation on that particular compound, but is done so for convenience of classification and nomenclature.
• certain compounds having certain required carbon atoms may have a melting point of less than 25°C. Such compounds of low melting point are not intended to be included in this section.
• Nonlimiting examples of the high melting point compounds are found in International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, Fifth Edition, 1993, and CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook, Second Edition, 1992.
• the high melting point fatty compound can be included in the composition at a level of, preferably from about 0.1% to about 15%, more preferably from about 0.5%) to about 10%, still more preferably from about 1 % to about 7%, by weight of the composition.
• the fatty alcohols useful herein are those having from about 14 to about
• fatty alcohols are saturated and can be straight or branched chain alcohols.
• fatty alcohols include, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof.
• the fatty acids useful herein are those having from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms, preferably from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, and more preferably from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms. These fatty acids are saturated and can be straight or branched chain acids. Also included are diacids, triacids, and other multiple acids which meet the requirements herein. Also included herein are salts of these fatty acids.
• Nonlimiting examples of fatty acids include lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid, sebacic acid, and mixtures thereof.
• the fatty alcohol derivatives and fatty acid derivatives useful herein include alkyl ethers of fatty alcohols, alkoxylated fatty alcohols, alkyl ethers of alkoxylated fatty alcohols, esters of fatty alcohols, fatty acid esters of compounds having esterifiable hydroxy groups, hydroxy-substituted fatty acids, and mixtures thereof.
• Nonlimiting examples of fatty alcohol derivatives and fatty acid derivatives include materials such as methyl stearyl ether; the ceteth series of compounds such as ceteth-1 through ceteth-45, which are ethylene glycol ethers of cetyl alcohol, wherein the numeric designation indicates the number of ethylene glycol moieties present; the steareth series of compounds such as steareth-1 through 10, which are ethylene glycol ethers of steareth alcohol, wherein the numeric designation indicates the number of ethylene glycol moieties present; ceteareth 1 through ceteareth-10, which are the ethylene glycol ethers of ceteareth alcohol, i.e.
• High melting point fatty compounds of a single compound of high purity are preferred.
• Single compounds of pure fatty alcohols selected from the group of pure cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, and behenyl alcohol are highly preferred.
• pure herein, what is meant is that the compound has a purity of at least about 90%, preferably at least about 95%.
• high melting point fatty compounds useful herein include: cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, and behenyl alcohol having tradenames KONOL series available from Shin Nihon Rika (Osaka, Japan), and NAA series available from NOF (Tokyo, Japan); pure behenyl alcohol having tradename 1- DOCOSANOL available from WAKO (Osaka, Japan), various fatty acids having tradenames NEO-FAT available from Akzo (Chicago Illinois, USA), HYSTRENE available from Witco Corp. (Dublin Ohio, USA), and DERMA available from Vevy (Genova, Italy).
• AQUEOUS CARRIER KONOL series available from Shin Nihon Rika
• NAA series available from NOF (Tokyo, Japan)
• pure behenyl alcohol having tradename 1- DOCOSANOL available from WAKO (Osaka, Japan)
• various fatty acids having tradenames NEO-FAT available from Akzo (Chicago Illinois, USA)
• HYSTRENE available from Witco Corp.
• the hair conditioning composition of the present invention comprises an aqueous carrier.
• the level and species of the carrier are selected according to the compatibility with other components, and other desired characteristic of the product.
• the carrier useful in the present invention includes water and water solutions of lower alkyl alcohols and polyhydric alcohols.
• the lower alkyl alcohols useful herein are monohydric alcohols having 1 to 6 carbons, more preferably ethanol and isopropanol.
• the polyhydric alcohols useful herein include propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, glycerin, and propane diol.
• the aqueous carrier is substantially water.
• Deionized water is preferably used.
• Water from natural sources including mineral cations can also be used, depending on the desired characteristic of the product.
• the compositions of the present invention comprise from about 20% to about 95%, preferably from about 30% to about 92%, and more preferably from about 50% to about 90% water.
• the hair conditioning composition of the present invention preferably contains a silicone compound.
• the silicone compound can be included in the composition at a level by weight of, preferably from about 0.01 % to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.05% to about 8%, still more preferably from about 0.1 % to about 5%.
• the silicone compounds hereof can include volatile soluble or insoluble, or nonvolatile soluble or insoluble silicone conditioning agents.
• soluble what is meant is that the silicone compound is miscible with the carrier of the composition so as to form part of the same phase.
• insoluble what is meant is that the silicone forms a separate, discontinuous phase from the carrier, such as in the form of an emulsion or a suspension of droplets of the silicone.
• the silicone compounds herein may be made by conventional polymerization, or emulsion polymerization.
• the silicone compounds for use herein will preferably have a viscosity of from about 5 to about 2,000,000 centistokes at 25°C, more preferably from about 100 to about 1 ,000,000, and even more preferably from about 500 to about 500,000.
• the viscosity can be measured by means of a glass capillary viscometer as set forth in Dow Corning Corporate Test Method CTM0004, July 20, 1970, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
• Silicone compound of high molecular weight may be made by emulsion polymerization.
• Silicone compounds useful herein include hydrophilic silicones, polyalkyl polyaryl siloxanes, polyalkyleneoxide-modified siloxanes, silicone resins, amino- substituted siloxanes, and mixtures thereof.
• the silicone compound is preferably selected from the group consisting of hydrophilic silicones, polyalkyl polyaryl siloxanes, polyalkyleneoxide-modified siloxanes, silicone resins, and mixtures thereof, and more preferably selected from the group consisting of hydrophilic silicones, polyalkyl polyaryl siloxanes, and mixtures thereof.
• Hydrophilic silicones useful herein include those having the following formula (I):
• R 1 is an aliphatic group having 8-30 carbon atoms, preferably aliphatic group having 12-22 carbon atoms; ⁇ is an integer of from about 1 to about 200, preferably from about 20 to about 100; ⁇ is an integer of from about 1 to about 2; R 2 is an aliphatic group having 2-8 carbon atoms, preferably aliphatic group having 2-4 carbon atoms; R 3 is an aliphatic group having 2-8 carbon atoms, preferably aliphatic group having 2-4 carbon atoms; X is a hydroxyaliphatic group having 2-8 carbon atoms and 1-5 hydroxyl groups, preferably hydroxyaliphatic group having 2-4 carbon atoms and 1-3 hydroxyl groups.
• This hydrophilic silicone can be a block copolymer as described above in the formula (I), or can be a random copolymer of the unit having the integer ⁇ and the unit having the integer ⁇ . In case of random copolymer, total numbers of integers ⁇ and ⁇ are as those described above.
• hydrophilic silicones useful herein include, for example, Bis (C13-C15 Alkoxy) PG Amodimethicone available from Dow corning with tradename DC8600 as a mixture with PEG/PPG-24/24 Methyl Ether Glycidoxy Dimethicone.
• Hydrophilic silicones useful herein also include those having the following formula (II):
• This hydrophilic silicone can be a block copolymer as described above in the formula (II), or can be a random copolymer of the unit having the integer ⁇ , the unit having the integer ⁇ , and the unit having the integer ⁇ .
• total numbers of integers , ⁇ , and ⁇ are as those described above.
• hydrophilic silicones useful herein include, for example, PEG/PPG-24/24 Methyl Ether Glycidoxy Dimethicone available from Dow corning with tradename DC8600 as a mixture with Bis (C13-C15 Alkoxy) PG Amodimethicone.
• hydrophilic silicones preferred is the hydrophilic silicone having the formula (I).
• Polyalkyl polyaryl siloxanes useful here in include those with the following structure (I)
• R is alkyl or aryl
• x is an integer from about 7 to about 8,000.
• A represents groups which block the ends of the silicone chains.
• the alkyl or aryl groups substituted on the siloxane chain (R) or at the ends of the siloxane chains (A) can have any structure as long as the resulting silicone remains fluid at room temperature, is dispersible, is neither irritating, toxic nor otherwise harmful when applied to the hair, is compatible with the other components of the composition, is chemically stable under normal use and storage conditions, and is capable of being deposited on and conditions the hair.
• Suitable A groups include hydroxy, methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, and aryloxy.
• the two R groups on the silicon atom may represent the same group or different groups.
• the two R groups represent the same group.
• Suitable R groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl, phenyl, methylphenyl and phenylmethyl.
• the preferred silicone compounds are polydimethylsiloxane, polydiethylsiloxane, and polymethylphenylsiloxane. Polydimethylsiloxane, which is also known as dimethicone, is especially preferred.
• the polyalkylsiloxanes that can be used include, for example, polydimethylsiloxanes. These silicone compounds are available, for example, from the General Electric Company in their ViscasilR and SF 96 series, and from Dow Corning in their Dow Corning 200 series. Polymethylphenylsiloxanes, for example, from the General Electric Company as SF 1075 methyl phenyl fluid or from Dow Corning as 556 Cosmetic Grade Fluid, are useful herein.
• highly arylated silicone compounds such as highly phenylated polyethyl silicone having refractive index of about 1.46 or higher, especially about 1.52 or higher.
• a spreading agent such as a surfactant or a silicone resin, as described below to decrease the surface tension and enhance the film forming ability of the material.
• silicone gum means a polyorganosiloxane material having a viscosity at 25°C of greater than or equal to 1 ,000,000 centistokes. It is recognized that the silicone gums described herein can also have some overlap with the above-disclosed silicone compounds. This overlap is not intended as a limitation on any of these materials. Silicone gums are described by Petrarch, and others including U.S. Patent No. 4,152,416, to Spitzer et al., issued May 1 , 1979 and Noll, Walter, Chemistry and Technology of Silicones, New York: Academic Press 1968.
• silicone gums will typically have a mass molecular weight in excess of about 200,000, generally between about 200,000 and about 1 ,000,000. Specific examples include polydimethylsiloxane, polydimethylsiloxane methylvinylsiloxane) copolymer, polydimethylsiloxane diphenylsiloxane methylvinylsiloxane) copolymer and mixtures thereof.
• Polyalkyleneoxide-modified siloxanes useful herein include, for example, polypropylene oxide modified and polyethylene oxide modified polydimethylsiloxane.
• the ethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide level should be sufficiently low so as not to interfere with the dispersibility characteristics of the silicone. These materials are also known as dimethicone copolyols.
• Silicone resins which are highly crosslinked polymeric siloxane systems, are useful herein.
• the crosslinking is introduced through the incorporation of trifunctional and tetra-fu notional silanes with mono-functional or di-functional, or both, silanes during manufacture of the silicone resin.
• the degree of crosslinking that is required in order to result in a silicone resin will vary according to the specific silane units incorporated into the silicone resin.
• silicone materials which have a sufficient level of trifunctional and tetrafu notional siloxane monomer units, and hence, a sufficient level of crosslinking, such that they dry down to a rigid, or hard, film are considered to be silicone resins.
• the ratio of oxygen atoms to silicon atoms is indicative of the level of crosslinking in a particular silicone material.
• Silicone materials which have at least about 1.1 oxygen atoms per silicon atom will generally be silicone resins herein.
• the ratio of oxyge silicon atoms is at least about 1.2:1.0.
• Silanes used in the manufacture of silicone resins include monomethyl-, dimethyl-, trimethyl-, monophenyl-, diphenyl-, methylphenyl-, monovinyl-, and methylvinylchlorosilanes, and tetrachlorosilane, with the methyl substituted silanes being most commonly utilized.
• Preferred resins are offered by General Electric as GE SS4230 and SS4267.
• silicone resins will generally be supplied in a dissolved form in a low viscosity volatile or nonvolatile silicone fluid.
• the silicone resins for use herein should be supplied and incorporated into the present compositions in such dissolved form, as will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Without being bound by theory, it is believed that the silicone resins can enhance deposition of other silicone compounds on the hair and can enhance the glossiness of hair with high refractive index volumes.
• silicone resin powders such as the material given the CTFA designation polymethylsilsequioxane, which is commercially available as TospearlT f rom Toshiba Silicones.
• Silicone resins can conveniently be identified according to a shorthand nomenclature system well known to those skilled in the art as the "MDTQ" nomenclature. Under this system, the silicone is described according to the presence of various siloxane monomer units which make up the silicone. Briefly, the symbol M denotes the mono-functional unit (CH3)3SiO) 5; D denotes the difunctional unit (CH3)2SiO; T denotes the trifunctional unit (CH3)SiO-j _5; and Q denotes the quadri- or tetra-functional unit Si ⁇ 2- Primes of the unit symbols, e.g., M', D', T', and Q' denote substituents other than methyl, and must be specifically defined for each occurrence.
• M', D', T', and Q' denote substituents other than methyl, and must be specifically defined for each occurrence.
• Typical alternate substituents include groups such as vinyl, phenyl, amino, hydroxyl, etc.
• the molar ratios of the various units either in terms of subscripts to the symbols indicating the total number of each type of unit in the silicone, or an average thereof, or as specifically indicated ratios in combination with molecular weight, complete the description of the silicone material under the MDTQ system.
• Higher relative molar amounts of T, Q, T' and/or Q' to D, D ⁇ M and/or or M' in a silicone resin is indicative of higher levels of crosslinking.
• the overall level of crosslinking can also be indicated by the oxygen to silicon ratio.
• the silicone resins for use herein which are preferred are MQ, MT, MTQ, MQ and MDTQ resins.
• the preferred silicone substituent is methyl.
• MQ resins wherein the M:Q ratio is from about 0.5:1.0 to about 1.5:1.0 and the average molecular weight of the resin is from about 1000 to about 10,000.
• Amino-substituted siloxanes useful herein include those represented by the following structure (II)
• R is CH3 or OH
• x and y are integers which depend on the molecular weight, the average molecular weight being approximately between 5,000 and 10,000.
• This polymer is also known as "amodimethicone”.
• Suitable amino-substituted siloxane fluids include those represented by the formula (III)
• R2 is chosen from the group consisting of hydrogen, phenyl, benzyl, a saturated hydrocarbon radical, preferably an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and A " denotes a halide ion.
• An especially preferred amino-substituted siloxane corresponding to formula (III) is the polymer known as "trimethylsilylamodimethicone", of formula (IV): CH 3 C ⁇ 3
• n and m are selected depending on the molecular weight of the compound desired.
• Other amino-substituted siloxane which can be used are represented by the formula (V):
• R3 denotes a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl or alkenyl radical such as methyl
• R4 denotes a hydrocarbon radical, preferably a C-j - C- ⁇ Q alkylene radical or a C ⁇ - C-js > and more preferably C ⁇ - Cs, alkyleneoxy radical
• Q " is a halide ion, preferably chloride
• r denotes an average statistical value from 2 to 20, preferably from 2 to 8
• s denotes an average statistical value from 20 to 200, and preferably from 20 to 50.
• a preferred polymer of this class is available from Union Carbide under the name "UCAR SILICONE ALE 56.”
• the hair conditioning composition of the present invention preferably contains a polypropylene glycol having a weight average molecular weight of from about 200 g/mol to about 100,000 g/mol, preferably from about 1 ,000 g/mol to about 60,000 g/mol.
• a polypropylene glycol having a weight average molecular weight of from about 200 g/mol to about 100,000 g/mol, preferably from about 1 ,000 g/mol to about 60,000 g/mol.
• the polypropylene glycol herein deposits onto, or is absorbed into hair to act as a moisturizer buffer, and/or provides one or more other desirable hair conditioning benefits.
• the term "polypropylene glycol” includes single-polypropylene glycol-chain segment polymers, and multi-polypropylene glycol-chain segment polymers.
• branched polymers such as the multi-polypropylene glycol-chain segment polymers herein are described, for example, in "Principles of Polymerization,” pp. 17-19, G. Odian, (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 3 rd ed., 1991 ).
• the polypropylene glycols herein are typically polydisperse polymers.
• the polypropylene glycols useful herein have a polydispersity of from about 1 to about 2.5, preferably from about 1 to about 2, and more preferably from about 1 to about 1.5.
• the term "polydispersity" indicates the degree of the molecular weight distribution of the polymer sample. Specifically, the polydispersity is a ratio, greater than 1 , equal to the weight average molecular weight divided by the number average molecular weight.
• the polypropylene glycol useful herein may be either water-soluble, water- insoluble, or may have a limited solubility in water, depending upon the degree of polymerization and whether other moieties are attached thereto.
• the desired solubility of the polypropylene glycol in water will depend in large part upon the form (e.g., leave-on, or rinse-off form) of the hair care composition.
• the solubility in water of the polypropylene glycol herein may be chosen by the artisan according to a variety of factors. Accordingly, for a leave-on hair care composition, it is preferred that the polypropylene glycol herein be a water- soluble polypropylene glycol.
• Solubility information is readily available from polypropylene glycol suppliers, such as Sanyo Kasei (Osaka, Japan).
• the present invention may also take the form of a rinse-off hair care composition. Without intending to be limited by theory, it is believed that in such a composition, a water-soluble polypropylene glycol may be too easily washed away before it effectively deposits on hair and provides the desired benefit(s). For such a composition, a less soluble, or even a water-insoluble polypropylene glycol is therefore preferred.
• the polypropylene glycol herein has a solubility in water at 25 °C of less than about 1 g/100 g water, more preferably a solubility in water of less than about 0.5 g/100 g water, and even more preferably a solubility in water of less than about 0.1 g/100 g water.
• the polypropylene glycol can be included in the hair conditioning composition of the present invention at a level of, preferably from about 0.01 % to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.05% to about 6%, still more preferably from about 0.1 % to about 3% by weight of the composition.
• the polypropylene glycol is selected from the group consisting of a single-polypropylene glycol-chain segment polymer, a multi-polypropylene glycol-chain segment polymer, and mixtures thereof, more preferably selected from the group consisting of a single-polypropylene glycol-chain segment polymer of Formula I, below, a multi-polypropylene glycol-chain segment polymer of Formula II, below, and mixtures thereof.
• a highly preferred single-polypropylene glycol-chain segment polymer has the formula:
• a is a value from about 4 to about 400, preferably from about 20 to about
• the single-polypropylene glycol-chain segment polymer useful herein is typically inexpensive, and is readily available from, for example, Sanyo Kasei
• Witco Chemicals Corp. Greenwich, Connecticut, USA
• PPG Specialty Chemicals Greenwich, Illinois, USA
• a highly preferred multi-polypropylene glycol-chain segment polymer has the formula:
• n is a value from about 0 to about 10, preferably from about 0 to about 7, and more preferably from about 1 to about 4.
• each R" is independently selected from the group consisting of H, and C 1 -C 30 alkyl, and preferably each R" is independently selected from the group consisting of H, and C 1 -C 4 alkyl.
• c and d are independently a value from about 0 to about 2, preferably from about 0 to about 1.
• the total of b + c + d is at least about 2, preferably the total of b + c + d is from about 2 to about 3.
• Each e is independently a value of 0 or 1 , if n is from about 1 to about 4, then e is preferably equal to 1.
• x, y, and z is independently a value of from about 1 to about 120, preferably from about 7 to about 100, and more preferably from about 7 to about 100, where x + y + z is greater than about 20. Examples of the multi-polypropylene glycol-chain segment polymer of
• one or more of the propylene repeating groups in the polypropylene glycol is an isopropyl oxide repeating group. More preferably one or more of the propylene oxide repeating groups of the polypropylene glycol of Formula III and/or the polypropylene glycol of Formula IV is an isopropyl oxide repeating group. Even more preferably, substantially all of the propylene oxide repeating groups of the polypropylene glycol of Formula III and/or the polypropylene glycol of Formula IV are isopropyl oxide repeating groups. Accordingly, a highly preferred single-polypropylene glycol-chain segment polymer has the formula:
• a is defined as described above for Formula III.
• a highly preferred multi-polypropylene glycol-chain segment polymer has the formula:
• n, R", b, c, d, e, x, y, and z are defined as above, for Formula IV. It is recognized that the isopropyl oxide repeating groups may also correspond either alone, or in combination with the above depicted, to:
• the hair conditioning compositions of the present invention may include aesthetic materials.
• the aesthetic materials useful herein are those providing a benefit of pealized, macreous, and/or marbleized looks to the compositions of the present invention.
• the aesthetic materials useful herein include, for example, mica, titanium dioxide, bismuth oxychloride, aluminum oxide, chromium oxide, tin oxide, ferric ferrocyanide, carmine, silica, iron oxides, and mixtures thereof.
• the aesthetic materials can be included in the compositions of the present invention at a level by weight of, preferably from about 0.001 % to about 2%, more preferably from about 0.01% to about 1%.
• Commercially aesthetic materials include, for example, mixture of mica and titanium deoxide having tradename Flamenco super pearl available from Engelhard Corp., mixture of mica, titanium dioxide, and tin oxide having tradename Timiron available from Rona.
• the hair conditioning composition of the present invention may further contain a vinylpyrrolidone polymer including vinylpyrrolidone copolymers and vinylpyrrolidone homopolymers such as polyvinylpyrrolidone and butylated polyvinylpyrrolidone, in view of providing increase in bulk hair volume.
• the vinylpyrrolidone copolymers useful herein are those which comprise monomers other than vinylpyrrolidone.
• the vinylpyrrolidone copolymers useful herein are believed to provide increase in bulk hair volume while not deteriorating conditioning benefits such as fly-away control.
• Non-limiting examples of vinylpyrrolidone copolymers useful herein include polyvinylpyrrolidone/acrylates/lauryl methacrylate copolymer, polyvinylpyrrolidone/dimethiconylacrylate/polycarbamyl/polyglycol ester, polyvinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate copolymer, polyvinylpyrrolidone/dimethyiaminoethylmethacrylate/polycarbamylpolyglycol ester, polyvinylpyrrolidone/DMAPA acrylates copolymer, polyvinylpyrrolidone/eicosene copolymer, polyvinylpyrrolidone/hexadecene copolymer, polyvinylpyrrolidone/polycarbamyl polyglycol ester, polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer,
• the copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone useful herein is preferably a water- soluble copolymer in view of better compatibility with gel matrix.
• the copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone useful herein is preferably a cationic copolymer or a nonionic copolymer in view of better compatibility with gel matrix and less deteriorating conditioning benefits.
• Preferred vinylpyrrolidone copolymers are polyvinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate copolymer, quaternized polyvinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate copolymer such as Polyquaternium-11 , quaternized polyvinylpyrrolidone/methylvinylimidazolium chloride copolymer such as Polyquaternium-16, and polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer, in view of better compatibility with the gel matrix, less deteriorating conditioning benefits, and volume-up benefit.
• polyvinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate copolymer and quaternized polyvinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate copolymer such as Polyquaternium-11.
• vinylpyrrolidone copolymers useful herein include: CTFA name polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer having tradenames Luviskol VA28E, Luviskol VA37E, Luviskol VA55E, Luviskol VA64E, Luviskol VA73E, Luviskol VA37HM, Luviskol VA64 Powder, Luviskol VA64W, and Luviskol VA73W, all available from BASF, and PVP/VA E series, I series, S-630, all available from ISP; CTFA name polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate/vinyl propionate copolymer having tradename Luviskol VAP343E available from BASF; CTFA name polyvinylpyrrolidone/acrylates/lauryl methacrylate copolymer having tradename Acrylidone LM available from ISP; CTFA name polyvinylpyrrolidone/dimethiconylacrylate/polycarbamyl/polyg
• the vinylpyrrolidone polymer can be included in the composition at a level by weight of, preferably from about 0.01% to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.05% to about 5%, still more preferably from about 0.1 % to about 3%.
• the composition of the present invention may include other additional components, which may be selected by the artisan according to the desired characteristics of the final product and which are suitable for rendering the composition more cosmetically or aesthetically acceptable or to provide them with additional usage benefits. Such other additional components generally are used individually at levels of from about 0.001 % to about 10%, preferably up to about 5% by weight of the composition.
• a wide variety of other additional components can be formulated into the present compositions. These include: other conditioning agents such as hydrolysed collagen with tradename Peptein 2000 available from Hormel, vitamin E with tradename Emix-d available from Eisai, panthenol available from Roche, panthenyl ethyl ether available from Roche, a mixture of Polysorbate 60 and Cetearyl Alcohol with tradename Polawax NF available from Croda Chemicals, glycerylmonostearate available from Stepan Chemicals, hydroxyethyl cellulose available from Aqualon, hydrolysed keratin, proteins, plant extracts, and nutrients; emollients such as PPG-3 myristyl ether with tradename Varonic APM available from Goldschmidt, Trimethyl pentanol hydroxyethyl ether, PPG-11 stearyl ether with tradename Varonic APS available from Goldschmidt, Stearyl heptanoate with tradename Tegosoft SH available from Goldschmidt, Lac
• Polyethylene glycol can also be used as an additional component.
• the polyethylene glycols useful herein that are especially preferred are PEG-2M wherein n has an average value of about 2,000 (PEG-2M is also known as Polyox WSR® N-10 from Union Carbide and as PEG-2,000); PEG-5M wherein n has an average value of about 5,000 (PEG-5M is also known as Polyox WSR® N-35 and as Polyox WSR® N-80, both from Union Carbide and as PEG-5,000 and Polyethylene Glycol 300,000); PEG-7M wherein n has an average value of about 7,000 (PEG-7M is also known as Polyox WSR® N-750 from Union Carbide); PEG-9M wherein n has an average value of about 9,000 (PEG-9M is also known as Polyox WSR® N-3333 from Union Carbide); and PEG-14M wherein n has an average value of about 14,000 (PEG-14M is also known as Polyox WSR®
• Low melting point oils useful herein are those having a melting point of less than 25°C.
• the low melting point oil useful herein is selected from the group consisting of: hydrocarbon having from 10 to about 40 carbon atoms; unsaturated fatty alcohols having from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms such as oleyl alcohol; unsaturated fatty acids having from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms; fatty acid derivatives; fatty alcohol derivatives; ester oils such as pentaerythritol ester oils, trimethylol ester oils, citrate ester oils, and glyceryl ester oils; poly ⁇ -olefin oils; and mixtures thereof.
• Preferred low melting point oils herein are selected from the group consisting of: ester oils such as pentaerythritol ester oils, trimethylol ester oils, citrate ester oils, and glyceryl ester oils; poly ⁇ -olefin oils; and mixtures thereof, Particularly useful pentaerythritol ester oils and trimethylol ester oils herein include pentaerythritol tetraisostearate, pentaerythritol tetraoleate, trimethylolpropane triisostearate, trimethylolpropane trioleate, and mixtures thereof.
• ester oils such as pentaerythritol ester oils, trimethylol ester oils, citrate ester oils, and glyceryl ester oils
• poly ⁇ -olefin oils and mixtures thereof
• Particularly useful pentaerythritol ester oils and trimethylol ester oils herein include pentaery
• citrate ester oils include triisocetyl citrate with tradename CITMOL 316 available from Bernel, triisostearyl citrate with tradename PELEMOL TISC available from Phoenix, and trioctyldodecyl citrate with tradename CITMOL 320 available from Bernel.
• Particularly useful glyceryl ester oils herein include triisostearin with tradename SUN ESPOL G-318 available from Taiyo Kagaku, triolein with tradename CITHROL GTO available from Croda Surfactants Ltd., trilinolein with tradename EFADERMA-F available from Vevy, or tradename EFA- GLYCERIDES from Brooks.
• Particularly useful poly ⁇ -olefin oils herein include polydecenes with tradenames PURESYN 6 having a number average molecular weight of about 500 and PURESYN 100 having a number average molecular weight of about 3000 and PURESYN 300 having a number average molecular weight of about 6000 available from Mobil Chemical Co.
• Cationic polymer The cationic polymers herein are other polymers than those described above under the titles "CELLULOSE POLYMER” and "VINYLPYRROLIDONE POLYMER".
• the cationic polymer is a water-soluble cationic polymer.
• the cationic polymers hereof generally have an average molecular weight of at least about 5,000, typically from about 10,000 to about 10 million, preferably from about 100,000 to about 2 million.
• Suitable cationic polymers include, for example, copolymers of vinyl monomers having cationic amine or quaternary ammonium functionalities with water soluble spacer monomers such as acrylamide, methacrylamide, alkyl and dialkyl acrylamides, alkyl and dialkyl methacrylamides, alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate, vinyl caprolactone, and vinyl pyrrolidone.
• the alkyl and dialkyl substituted monomers preferably have C ⁇ - C7 alkyl groups, more preferably C-
• Other suitable spacer monomers include vinyl esters, vinyl alcohol (made by hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate), maleic anhydride, propylene glycol, and ethylene glycol.
• Suitable cationic hair conditioning polymers include, for example: cationic diallyl quaternary ammonium-containing polymers, including, for example, dimethyldiallylammonium chloride homopolymer and copolymers of acrylamide and dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, referred to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 6 and Polyquaternium 7, respectively; and mineral acid salts of amino-alkyl esters of homo- and co-polymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids having from 3 to 5 carbon atoms, as described in U.S. Patent 4,009,256, incorporated herein by reference.
• the hair conditioning compositions of the present invention can be in the form of rinse-off products or leave-on products, can be transparent or opaque, and can be formulated in a wide variety of product forms, including but not limited to creams, gels, emulsions, mousses and sprays.
• the hair conditioning composition of the present invention is a rinse-off product.
• the hair conditioning composition of the present invention can be translucent. What is meant by translucent, is that the composition has a L-value of from 0 to 60, preferably from 20 to 55, more preferably from 30 to 55. The measurement of the L-value is done by a Macbeth Color Meter
• 1500/PLUS Color Measurement system supplied by Kollmorgen Instruments Corporation, by using a transparent polystyrene cell having a thickness of 10mm.
• the hair conditioning composition is put into the cell, and then, the cell is set in an appropriate position in the Macbeth 1500/PLUS Color Measurement system (Reflective Color Meter) for measurement.
• the measurement is done by using a light having a wave length of from about 340nm to about 900nm. Each measurement is repeated at least three times, and the average is obtained.
• compositions of the present invention are suitable for rinse-off products and leave-on products, and are particularly useful for making products in the form of emulsion, cream, gel, spray or, mousse.
• Amodimethicone has the following formula:
• R 2 is a branched alkyl group having the following formula: - CH 2 CH(CH 3 )CH 2 -; R 3 is an alkyl group having 2 carbon atoms; X is a hydroxyalkyl group having the formula: CH 2 CH 2 CH(OH)CH 2 OH; and the PEG/PPG-24/24 Methyl Ether Glycidoxy Dimethicone has the following formula:
• Aesthetic material mixture of mica and titanium dioxide having tradename Flamenco super pearl available from Engelhard Corp.
• compositions of "Cond. 1" through “Cond. 8" as shown above can be prepared by any conventional method well known in the art. They are suitably made as follows: Water is heated up to 80-85°C, and then, cellulose polymers and, if included, other polymeric materials can be dispersed in the water. Cationic surfactants such as amidoamine and acid, and dialkyl dimethyl ammonium salts are added in the solution with agitation. High melting point fatty compounds and preservatives are also added in the solution with agitation. The mixture thus obtained is cooled down to about 50°C.
• Cellulose polymers and, if included, other polymeric materials can be added to the mixture at this point with agitation, and, if present, the remaining components such as silicone compounds and polypropylene glycol are also added to the mixture with agitation.
• the mixture is further cooled down to about 30°C. Then, if included, aesthetic materials are added with agitation.
• a triblender and/or mill can be used in each step, if necessary to disperse the materials.
• the embodiments disclosed and represented by the previous "Cond. 1" through “Cond. 8” have many advantages. For example, they can provide conditioning benefits such as softness, moisturized feel, and fly-away control. They can also provide volume control benefit, “Cond.1” through “Cond.5" and “Cond.8” can provide increase in bulk hair volume, and “Cond.6” and “Cond.7” can provide improved moisturizing benefit to achieve hair volume down. Furthermore, “Cond.1” through “Cond.3” and “Cond.6” and “Cond.7” can provide translucent composition. Furthermore, “Cond. 4" through “Cond.6” and “Cond.8” can provide improved wet feel such as slippery and slick feel, and easiness to comb on wet hair.

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